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S-EPA
United States Office of Chemical Safety and
Environmental Protection Agency Pollution Prevention
Risk Evaluation for
N-Methylpyrrolidone
Systematic Review Supplemental File:
Data Quality Evaluation of Ecological Hazard Studies
CASRN: 872-50-4
October 2019
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NOTE: EPA is still addressing comments for the metrics and any upgrading/downgrading of studies
based on the reviewers professional judgement.
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