Evaluating Ozone Control Programs in
the Eastern United States: Focus on the
NOx Budget Trading Program, 2004
State and Local Information for EPA Region 3
Delaware
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Virginia
Washington, DC
West Virginia
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air and Radiation
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
October 2005

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Delaware
Emissions
State total emissions of NOx and VOCs have decreased from 1997 to 2004.
Ozone Season (May-September) Emission Totals by Major Source Categories (tons)
Source Category
1997
2002
2004
NOx Emissions
Power Industry
9,679
5,595
5,069
Mobile On-Road
11,563
9,786
8,993
Other
8,606
9,583
8,289
VOC Emissions
Mobile On-Road
7,486
5,417
4,865
Solvent Usage
4,644
3,445
3,292
Other
9,920
8,480
7,904
The emissions data used in the report are measured or estimated values from EPA's National
Emissions Inventory (NEI). Starting in 1997, the NEI incorporated power industry data
measured by the Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS). For 2002, the preliminary
version of the NEI was used, which includes the 2002 CEMS data, but does not include 2002
data for other sources submitted by state, local, and tribal air agencies.
EPA used CEMS data for the power industry for 2003 and 2004. Emissions for other sources for
that period were estimated by interpolating between the 2002 preliminary NEI data and a
projected 2010 emission inventory developed to support the Clean Air Interstate Rule.
For additional information use the following online resources:
National Emissions Inventory (NEI): www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net.
Emissions data for the power industry: http://cfpub.epa.gov/gdm .
Information on mobile sources: www.epa.gov/otaq .

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Ozone
On average, ozone has declined between 1997 and 2004. These improvements in ozone are in
response to both state and regional reductions in NOx and VOC emissions. The level of ozone
improvement varies from site to site.
Highest Fourth Daily Maximum 8-hour Ozone Concentration by Metropolitan Statistical
Area, 1997, 2C
)02 and 200^

Metropolitan Statistical Area
1997
03 8-hr (ppm)
2002
03 8-hr (ppm)
2004
03 8-hr (ppm)
Wilmington—Newark, DE--MD PMSA
0.12
0.1
0.08
Dover, DE MSA
0.1
0.09
0.08
Level of the NAAQS is .08 ppm. Units are parts per million (ppm).
Notes:
•	Data from exceptional events are not included.
•	The reader is cautioned that this summary is not adequate in itself to numerically rank MSAs
according to their air quality.
•	The monitoring data represent the quality of air in the vicinity of the monitoring site and, for some
pollutants, may not necessarily represent urban-wide air quality.

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Maryland
Emissions
State total emissions of NOx and VOCs have decreased from 1997 to 2004. After 2002 the
largest emission reductions were NOx emissions from power generating sources.
Ozone Season (May-September) Emission Totals by Major Source Categories (tons)
Source Category
1997
2002
2004
NOx Emissions
Power Industry
46,031
29,209
19,944
Mobile On-Road
67,227
57,748
52,858
Other
38,488
37,266
34,905
VOC Emissions
Mobile On-Road
43,424
31,805
28,474
Solvent Usage
21,048
26,796
25,091
Other
32,057
31,182
28,697
The emissions data used in the report are measured or estimated values from EPA's National
Emissions Inventory (NEI). Starting in 1997, the NEI incorporated power industry data
measured by the Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS). For 2002, the preliminary
version of the NEI was used, which includes the 2002 CEMS data, but does not include 2002
data for other sources submitted by state, local, and tribal air agencies.
EPA used CEMS data for the power industry for 2003 and 2004. Emissions for other sources for
that period were estimated by interpolating between the 2002 preliminary NEI data and a
projected 2010 emission inventory developed to support the Clean Air Interstate Rule.
For additional information use the following online resources:
National Emissions Inventory (NEI): www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net.
Emissions data for the power industry: http://cfpub.epa.gov/gdm .
Information on mobile sources: www.epa.gov/otaq .

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Ozone
On average, ozone has declined between 1997 and 2004. These improvements in ozone are in
response to both state and regional reductions in NOx and VOC emissions. The level of ozone
improvement varies from site to site.
Highest Fourth Daily Maximum 8-hour Ozone Concentration by Metropolitan Statistical
Area, 1997, 2C
)02 and 200^

Metropolitan Statistical Area
1997
03 8-hr (ppm)
2002
03 8-hr (ppm)
2004
03 8-hr (ppm)
Baltimore, MD PMSA
0.12
0.11
0.09
Hagerstown, MD PMSA

0.1
0.08
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA
0.11
0.11
0.09
Wilmington—Newark, DE--MD PMSA
0.12
0.1
0.08
Level of the NAAQS is .08 ppm. Units are parts per million (ppm).
Notes:
•	Data from exceptional events are not included.
•	The reader is cautioned that this summary is not adequate in itself to numerically rank MSAs
according to their air quality.
•	The monitoring data represent the quality of air in the vicinity of the monitoring site and, for some
pollutants, may not necessarily represent urban-wide air quality.
Trends for 1997-2004 with 95 percent confidence limits are presented below. Ozone season
averages of daily maximum 8-hour ozone were adjusted to remove the influence of year-to-year
variability in meteorology.
Seasonal Average 8-hour Ozone Trends
Baltimore, MD
Beltsville (BEL116)
1997	1999	2001	2003	1997	1999	2001	2003
Year	Year

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Pennsylvania
Emissions
State total emissions of NOx and VOCs have decreased from 1997 to 2004. After 2002 the
largest emission reductions were NOx emissions from power generating sources.
Ozone Season (May-September) Emission Totals by Major Source Categories (tons)
Source Category
1997
2002
2004
NOx Emissions
Power Industry
120,503
84,178
51,710
Mobile On-Road
149,830
123,343
113,060
Other
125,216
110,518
105,272
VOC Emissions
Mobile On-Road
101,570
70,556
63,291
Solvent Usage
104,708
77,706
76,671
Other
93,583
83,897
80,804
The emissions data used in the report are measured or estimated values from EPA's National
Emissions Inventory (NEI). Starting in 1997, the NEI incorporated power industry data
measured by the Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS). For 2002, the preliminary
version of the NEI was used, which includes the 2002 CEMS data, but does not include 2002
data for other sources submitted by state, local, and tribal air agencies.
EPA used CEMS data for the power industry for 2003 and 2004. Emissions for other sources for
that period were estimated by interpolating between the 2002 preliminary NEI data and a
projected 2010 emission inventory developed to support the Clean Air Interstate Rule.
For additional information use the following online resources:
National Emissions Inventory (NEI): www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net.
Emissions data for the power industry: http://cfpub.epa.gov/gdm .
Information on mobile sources: www.epa.gov/otaq .

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Ozone
On average, ozone has declined between 1997 and 2004. These improvements in ozone are in
response to both state and regional reductions in NOx and VOC emissions. The level of ozone
improvement varies from site to site.
Highest Fourth Daily Maximum 8-hour Ozone Concentration by Metropolitan Statistical
Area, 1997, 2C
)02 and 200^

Metropolitan Statistical Area
1997
03 8-hr (ppm)
2002
03 8-hr (ppm)
2004
03 8-hr (ppm)
Newburgh, NY—PA PMSA
0.09
0.09
0.08
Philadelphia. PA-NJ PMSA
0.12
0.11
0.09
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton, PA MSA
0.1
0.09
0.09
Altoona, PA MSA
0.1
0.09
0.07
Erie, PA MSA
0.09
0.1
0.07
Harrisburg—Lebanon—Carlisle. PA MSA
0.09
0.1
0.08
Johnstown, PA MSA
0.09
0.09
0.07
Lancaster, PA MSA
0.1
0.1
0.08
Pittsburgh, PA MSA
0.11
0.11
0.08
Reading, PA MSA
0.1
0.1
0.08
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton, PA MSA
0.1
0.09
0.07
Sharon, PA MSA
0.09
0.1
0.08
State College, PA MSA
0.09
0.09
0.07
Williamsport, PA MSA
0.08
0.09
0.07
York, PA MSA
0.09
0.1
0.08
Level of the NAAQS is .08 ppm. Units are parts per million (ppm).


Notes:



• Data from exceptional events are not included.



• The reader is cautioned that this summary is not adequate in itself to numerically rank MSAs
according to their air quality.
• The monitoring data represent the quality of air in the vicinity of the monitoring site and, for some
pollutants, may not necessarily represent urban-wide air quality.

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Trends for 1997-2004 with 95 percent confidence limits are presented below. Ozone season
averages of daily maximum 8-hour ozone were adjusted to remove the influence of year-to-year
variability in meteorology.
Seasonal Average 8-hour Ozone Trends
Pittsburgh, PA
Kane Exp. Forest (KEF112)
80 -
70 -
A 60 -
50 -
40 -
30 H
1997
o- 60 -
Laurel Hill (LRL117)
1997	1999	2001
Year
Philadelphia, PA
2003
80 -
70 -
Q. 60 -
50 -
40 -
30 H
1997
80 -
70 -
Q. 60 -
50 -
40 -
30 H
1997
Arendtsville (ARE128)
Penn State (PSU106)
80 -
70 -
a. 60
50
40 -
30 H
80 -
70 -
a. 60
50
40 -
30 H
1997
1999
2001
2003
1997
1999
2001
2003
Year
Year

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Virginia
Emissions
State total emissions of NOx and VOCs have decreased from 1997 to 2004. After 2002 the
largest emission reductions were NOx emissions from power generating sources.
Ozone Season (May-September) Emission Totals by Major Source Categories (tons)
Source Category
1997
2002
2004
NOx Emissions
Power Industry
49,537
39,390
25,443
Mobile On-Road
109,016
75,336
69,097
Other
86,993
79,367
78,609
VOC Emissions
Mobile On-Road
70,900
52,086
46,497
Solvent Usage
69,061
52,506
50,849
Other
69,980
64,907
61,483
The emissions data used in the report are measured or estimated values from EPA's National
Emissions Inventory (NEI). Starting in 1997, the NEI incorporated power industry data
measured by the Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS). For 2002, the preliminary
version of the NEI was used, which includes the 2002 CEMS data, but does not include 2002
data for other sources submitted by state, local, and tribal air agencies.
EPA used CEMS data for the power industry for 2003 and 2004. Emissions for other sources for
that period were estimated by interpolating between the 2002 preliminary NEI data and a
projected 2010 emission inventory developed to support the Clean Air Interstate Rule.
For additional information use the following online resources:
National Emissions Inventory (NEI): www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net.
Emissions data for the power industry: http://cfpub.epa.gov/gdm .
Information on mobile sources: www.epa.gov/otaq .

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Ozone
On average, ozone has declined between 1997 and 2004. These improvements in ozone are in
response to both state and regional reductions in NOx and VOC emissions. The level of ozone
improvement varies from site to site.
Highest Fourth Daily Maximum 8-hour Ozone Concentration by Metropolitan Statistical
	Area, 1997, 2002 and 2004	
Metropolitan Statistical Area
1997
03 8-hr (ppm)
2002
03 8-hr (ppm)
2004
03 8-hr (ppm)
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA
0.11
0.11
0.09
Johnson City—Kingsport—Bristol. TN--VA MSA
0.09
0.09
0.08
Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Newport News, VA—NC MSA
0.1
0.1
0.08
Richmond—Petersburg, VA MSA
0.1
0.11
0.08
Roanoke, VA MSA
0.08
0.09
0.07
Level of the NAAQS is .08 ppm. Units are parts per million (ppm).



Notes:



• Data from exceptional events are not included.



• The reader is cautioned that this summary is not adequate in itself to numerically rank MSAs according to their
air quality.
• The monitoring data represent the quality of air in the vicinity of the monitoring site and, for some pollutants,
may not necessarily represent urban-wide air quality.

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Trends for 1997-2004 with 95 percent confidence limits are presented below. Ozone season
averages of daily maximum 8-hour ozone were adjusted to remove the influence of year-to-year
variability in meteorology.
Seasonal Average 8-hour Ozone Trends
Richmond, VA
Prince Edward (PED108)
Shenandoah NP - Big Meadows (SHN418)
Horton Station (VPI120)

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Washington, DC
Emissions
Total emissions of NOx and VOCs have decreased from 1997 to 2004. After 2002 the largest
emission reductions were NOx emissions from power generating sources.
Ozone Season (May-September) Emission Totals by Major Source Categories (tons)
Source Category
1997
2002
2004
NOx Emissions
Power Industry
93
611
35
Mobile On-Road
4,268
3,633
3,341
Other
2,281
2,225
2,172
VOC Emissions
Mobile On-Road
3,356
2,425
2,161
Solvent Usage
4,031
3,068
3,198
Other
1,171
1,035
995
The emissions data used in the report are measured or estimated values from EPA's National
Emissions Inventory (NEI). Starting in 1997, the NEI incorporated power industry data
measured by the Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS). For 2002, the preliminary
version of the NEI was used, which includes the 2002 CEMS data, but does not include 2002
data for other sources submitted by state, local, and tribal air agencies.
EPA used CEMS data for the power industry for 2003 and 2004. Emissions for other sources for
that period were estimated by interpolating between the 2002 preliminary NEI data and a
projected 2010 emission inventory developed to support the Clean Air Interstate Rule.
For additional information use the following online resources:
National Emissions Inventory (NEI): www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net.
Emissions data for the power industry: http://cfpub.epa.gov/gdm .
Information on mobile sources: www.epa.gov/otaq .

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Ozone
On average, ozone has declined between 1997 and 2004. These improvements in ozone are in
response to both state and regional reductions in NOx and VOC emissions.
Highest Fourth Daily Maximum 8-hour Ozone Concentration by Metropolitan Statistical
Area, 1997, 2002 and 2004
Metropolitan Statistical Area
1997
03 8-hr (ppm)
2002
03 8-hr (ppm)
2004
03 8-hr (ppm)
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA
0.11
0.11
0.09
Level of the NAAQS is .08 ppm. Units are parts per million (ppm).


Notes:



• Data from exceptional events are not included.



• The reader is cautioned that this summary is not adequate in itself to numerically rank MSAs
according to their air quality.
• The monitoring data represent the quality of air in the vicinity of the monitoring site and, for some
pollutants, may not necessarily represent urban-wide air quality.
Trends for 1997-2004 with 95 percent confidence limits are presented below. Ozone season
averages of daily maximum 8-hour ozone were adjusted to remove the influence of year-to-year
variability in meteorology.
Seasonal Average 8-hour Ozone Trends
Washington, DC
o
40 -
1997	1999	2001	2003
Year

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West Virginia
Emissions
State total emissions of NOx and VOCs have decreased from 1997 to 2004. After 2002 the
largest emission reductions were NOx emissions from power generating sources.
Ozone Season (May-September) Emission Totals by Major Source Categories (tons)
Source Category
1997
2002
2004
NOx Emissions
Power Industry
128,679
86,735
41,333
Mobile On-Road
30,538
22,189
19,365
Other
46,180
48,696
48,808
VOC Emissions
Mobile On-Road
18,692
13,724
11,861
Solvent Usage
14,462
12,433
12,192
Other
28,826
26,247
25,784
The emissions data used in the report are measured or estimated values from EPA's National
Emissions Inventory (NEI). Starting in 1997, the NEI incorporated power industry data
measured by the Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS). For 2002, the preliminary
version of the NEI was used, which includes the 2002 CEMS data, but does not include 2002
data for other sources submitted by state, local, and tribal air agencies.
EPA used CEMS data for the power industry for 2003 and 2004. Emissions for other sources for
that period were estimated by interpolating between the 2002 preliminary NEI data and a
projected 2010 emission inventory developed to support the Clean Air Interstate Rule.
For additional information use the following online resources:
National Emissions Inventory (NEI): www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net.
Emissions data for the power industry: http://cfpub.epa.gov/gdm .
Information on mobile sources: www.epa.gov/otaq .

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Ozone
On average, ozone has declined between 1997 and 2004. These improvements in ozone are in
response to both state and regional reductions in NOx and VOC emissions. The level of ozone
improvement varies from site to site.
Highest Fourth Daily Maximum 8-hour Ozone Concentration by Metropolitan Statistical
Area, 1997, 2C
)02 and 200^

Metropolitan Statistical Area
1997
03 8-hr (ppm)
2002
03 8-hr (ppm)
2004
03 8-hr (ppm)
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA
0.11
0.11
0.09
Charleston, WV MSA
0.08
0.09
0.07
Huntington—Ashland, WV--KY--OH MSA
0.09
0.1
0.07
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV--OH MSA
0.09
0.1
0.08
Steubenville-Weirton, OH--WV MSA
0.08
0.1
0.07
Wheeling, WV--OH MSA
0.08
0.1
0.06
Level of the NAAQS is .08 ppm. Units are parts per million (ppm).
Notes:
•	Data from exceptional events are not included.
•	The reader is cautioned that this summary is not adequate in itself to numerically rank MSAs
according to their air quality.
•	The monitoring data represent the quality of air in the vicinity of the monitoring site and, for some
pollutants, may not necessarily represent urban-wide air quality.

-------
Trends for 1997-2004 with 95 percent confidence limits are presented below. Ozone season
averages of daily maximum 8-hour ozone were adjusted to remove the influence of year-to-year
variability in meteorology.
Seasonal Average 8-hour Ozone Trends
Huntington, WV
Cedar Creek (CDR119)
1997	1999	2001	2003	1997	1999	2001	2003
Year	Year
Parsons (PARI 07)
80 -
70 -
2"
1997	1999	2001	2003
Year

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