Region 4
Superfund
and Emergency
Management
x>EPA
Annual
Report
2019
FOUNTAIN TULK
UONDW

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Contents
Welcome and Overview	 i
2019 Project Headlines	6
Enforcement First, Polluters Pay	14
Emergency Management and Response
Long-Term Environmental Protection and Sustainability	34
Scientific Innovation and Next Generation Contracting	42
Engagement with Communities and Our Tribal,
State and Local Partners
Partnering, Collaborating and Putting Sites into Reuse	54
In Closing	64
Front cover: Cleanup and mixed-use revitalization have transformed the Calhoun Park Area
Superfund site in Charleston, South Carolina. New uses after cleanup include a shopping center,
the South Carolina Aquarium, green space, walking and biking areas, a ferry terminal, parking and
restored shorelines.

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Welcome and
Overview
In fiscal year (FY) 2019, the Region 4 Superfund and Emergency Management
Division continued its trend of improving the lives of the citizens across the
Southeast, as well as incorporating innovative approaches in the remediation
of contaminated properties. Our accomplishments would not have been
possible without the dedication of programmatic staff, federal, state and local
stakeholders, and community members, all whom are critical partners in these
efforts.
We continue to excel nationally targeted milestones and explore opportunities to further advance the program's
effort in returning sites to productive use. Whether the focus is expediting cleanup and remediation or holding
responsible parties accountable, our commitment to collaboration and effectively utilizing our partnerships directly
contributed to the successes realized by the program.
In this year's report,you will read further about:
•	Efforts and successes related to the Superfund Task Force.
•	Incorporation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) FY 2018-2022 Strategic Plan.
•	National realignment efforts implemented.
•	Application of EPA's "enforcement first" approach in holding responsible parties accountable.
•	Increase in targeting sites to return to communities for reuse efforts and deleting sites from the National
Priorities List.
•	Enhancement of emergency response and preparedness efforts through the use of innovative tools,
comprehensive training ana rigorous exercises.
•	Continuation of partnerships with state counterparts and local governments in identifying sites for expediting
cleanup activities.
•	Implementation of Lean management tools to optimize and effectively streamline our operations and program.
•	Use of best science practices and innovative techniques in making remedy decisions and effecting cleanup
efforts.
•	Protection of children's health and the execution of educational programs.
During FY 2019, we emphasized accelerating cleanup and streamlining operations. As a result, we have been able
to further enhance several processes, while capitalizing on incorporating innovative concepts yielding an improved
utilization of resources. Though our inventory of complex projects remains, our staff and management team
continue to exceed expectations and showcase the Region as a national leader in many areas of focus for EPA. I am
proud and appreciative of all of the work accomplished in FY 2019.1 look forward to sharing the advancements and
experiences of FY2020. Thankyouforyour support, innovation and investment in our commitment to protecting
human health and the environment.
Franklin E.Hill
Director
Region 4 Superfund Division and Emergency Management
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Region 4 Superfund and
Emergency Management
Division (SEMD):
An Overview
SEMD responds rapidly and comprehensively to address environmental emergencies and clean up some of the
nation's worst hazardous waste sites. Headquartered in Atlanta, EPA Region 4 serves the states of Alabama, Florida,
Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina,Tennessee and six federally recognized tribes.
Each day, we focus on making sure people can live and work in clean and healthy places. On the ground, this means
listening to communities, working with our partners, and innovating to restore and protect the environment.
KENTUCKY
TENNESSEE
253
National Priorities List
(NPL) sites
20
federal facilities
25
sites with Superfund
Alternative Agreements
6
non-NPLor NPL
equivalent sites
Legend
• Superfund Sites
Tribal Lands
Sources: EPA Superfund site data,
DeLorme, Esri, First American,
Tele Atlas, United Nations World
Conservation Monitoring Center and
the U.S. Geological Survey.

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The mission	of the
Superfund and Emergency
Management Division is to
protect public health and the
environment. Headquartered
in Atlanta, Georgia, EPA Region
4 serves the states of Alabama,
Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina,
South Carolina, Tennessee and
six federally recognized tribes.
Region 4 is one of the largest and
fastest-growing EPA Regions in
the country.

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Fiscal Year 2019:
The Year in Review
EPA's Superfund program makes a visible and lasting difference in communities by cleaning
up the nation's worst hazardous waste sites, tackling threats to public health and our natural
environment, supporting local economies, enhancing quality of life, and preventing future
hazardous substance releases. During FY 2019, SEMD met or exceeded the total targeted
measures accomplished in the categories tracked below.
Superfund Program Targeted Measures Accomplished
23 completions
Remedial/Federal Facility
Decision Documents
Si
\@
starts
Remedial Investigations
Feasibility Studies
18 starts 12
completions
Remedial Design
starts IO completions
/^"v
/	Remedial Actions
completions
Five-Year Reviews
0
3
completions
NPLSite Deletions
completions
FRP and SPCC Inspections

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Superfund Program - Other Performance Measures Accomplished
100% 14 7 25
of Superfund Sites	Statute-of-	Enforcement	Community
with Settlement	Limitation Cases	Negotiation Starts	Involvement Plans
or Enforcement	>$500,000	and Completions	Completed
Action Prior to	Addressed
Remedial Action
Start
O Sites Proposed to	Final NPL	Technical Assistance
the NPL	Sites	Grants Awarded
Government Performance and Results Act Measures Accomplished
V IO
Remedial Action Project Completions
V45
Superfund-Leadand Responsible
Party-Lead Removal Completions with
or without an Enforcement Action
s/1
Construction Completion
n/70
Remedial Site Assessment Completions
O o
Pol
'II V /III
5 Superfund
Sites with
Human Health
Protection
Achieved

5 Superfund
Sites with
Groundwater
Migration
under Control
Superfund
® Sites
Ready for
Anticipated Use

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2019
Project Headlines
<-

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2019 Project Headlines
National EPA Effort
Aligns Superfund
Program Functions,
Enhancing Effectiveness
and Transparency
The realignment enhanced EPA's operational
effectiveness and provided greater transparency for
its customers and partners. The alignment brought
several changes to the Region 4 Superfund program.
The Division is now referred to as the Superfund
and Emergency Management Division (SE.MD).
SEMD's functions were also modified. Functions
associated with the Risk Management Program and
the Emergency Planning and Community Right-
to-Know Act (EPCRA) were incorporated as part of
the Superfund Emergency Response and Removal
Branch's responsibilities.
To better align external engagement and outreach
nationally, EPA's community involvement
coordinators were realigned from Superfund to the
External Engagement and Outreach Office, which
reports directly to the Regional Administrator's
Office. The work performed by the coordinators
has not changed and remains focused on assisting
communities located near Superfund sites across the
Southeast.
Rapid Community
Outreach, Temporary
Relocation Assistance
Accompany Firefighting
Efforts in South
Carolina
At the Able Contracting
Fire in Jasper County,
South Carolina, SEMD
provided emergency
response assistance
to address the needs
of the primarily low-
income, Spanish-
speaking community
living next to a
mountain of trash that had
been smoldering for months.
EPA provided temporary relocation assistance to the 11
families affected by the fire, ensured their living needs
were met, held a public meeting for the community,
and issued fact sheets and daily air-quality reports.
In 2019, EPA underwent a
national realignment.
The goal was to better
align programmatic
functions and
resources with EPA
Headquarters and
improve interactions
with external
stakeholders.
In addition to aggressive firefighting efforts,
cleanup efforts led by SEMD and the South Carolina
Department of Health and Environmental Control
(SCDHEC) include the relocation and cooling
and disposal of debris from the 2-acre recycled
materials processing facility,
minimizing impacts on
public health, and
evaluating potential
environmental
impacts.
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Long-Term Cleanup Protecting
Environmental Justice Community
in Florida
THE CLEANUP
HAS REMOVED:
OVER 50,000
tons of impacted
soil and
300,000
gallons of water
from
OVER 50
off-site residential
properties and the
i2.5-acre
wood treatment
plant
SEMD has been working
with local, state and
federal stakeholders
for several years to
improve public health and
environmental outcomes
at the Fairfax Street Wood
Treaters Superfund site in
Jacksonville.
The site's long-term $7.9 million
remedy includes removal and
off-site treatment and disposal
of contaminated soils, sediment,
demolition debris and waste material.
The cleanup protects public health
in several nearby neighborhoods.
SEMD's activities at the site illustrate
how EPA is accelerating cleanup,
empowering communities and
facilitating reuse.
Site activities rely on a collaborative
approach to expedite cleanup
and maximize environmental and
public health benefits. This was
done by building and strengthening
partnerships in the community
to promote redevelopment and
community revitaiization. Cleanup
was divided into parallel cleanup
tracks to expedite efforts for 51 off-site
residential properties and the 12.5-acre
wood treatment plant simultaneously.
Cleanup goals were achieved six
months ahead of schedule, protecting
vulnerable populations, including
youth and the elderly in this
environmental justice community.
J6J
Region 4's partnership with the
Florida Department of Environmental
Protection (FDEP) was key to these
efforts. FDEP took the lead on the
cleanup of contaminated soils at Susie
Tolbert Elementary School during the
summer break and is also remediating
residential properties north of the
site. FDEP is staging equipment on
the 12.5-acre plant property EPA is
8

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remediating to ensure it is
secure while not in use.
Sustained community
outreach and engagement
has been an integral part of
SEMD's approach at the site.
Activities have included public
meetings and availability
sessions to provide regular site
updates as well as community-

wide distribution of fact sheets and
other information materials. EPA
also issued a status comfort letter to
support the site's redevelopment and
offered job training opportunities
to local residents through EPA's
Superfund Job Training Initiative.
To learn more about these activities,
please see page 52.
9

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Region 4 Leads EPA Lean
Management System
(ELMS) Implementation
In late 2018, Region 4 began
implementing trie EPA Lean
Management System (ELMS). This
continuous improvement system
helps the Region identify gaps
and inefficiencies
in operations,
procedures and
processes, and
ensures that
Region 4 responds
to and resolves
challenges quickly
and thoroughly
using Lean
principles and tools.
Within SEMD, ELMS identified 15 processes requiring
further ELMS integration; Division Director Franklin E.
Hili identified two of them as high-priority processes.
These processes involve the Division's efforts to assess
N PL sites after natural disasters (see page 22) and
streamlining site assessments (see page 26). All 15
processes affect internal and external stakeholders, and
all enable opportunities to streamline resource utilization.
SEMD maintains a strong commitment to work
ethically and innovatively by embracing ELMS, further
strengthening its reputation as a high-performing
organization in the Southeast and nationally. In 2019 and
looking ahead to 2020, SEMD will continue to identify
opportunities to streamline operations and upgrade
management systems. These upgrades will include
involving external stakeholders so that further process
improvements can be made, highlighting SEMD's
commitment and dedication to protecting public health
and advancing environmental protection.
Visual
Management
Leader
Behaviors
Standard
Process
Business
Reviews &
Huddles
Cascading
Performance
Measures
Problem
Solving
For More Information
To learn more about ELMS, please visit
www.epa.gov/aboutepa/about-office-continuous-improvement-oci.
The Superfund Task
Force Announces
Final Report and
Accomplishments
In September 2019, EPA Administrator
Andrew Wheeler announced the release
of the Superfund Task Force final
report at the Southside Chattanooga
Lead Superfund site
in Tennessee. The
Task Force was
established to provide
recommendations
for improving
and expediting
site cleanups
and promoting
redevelopment.
m
Through the work of the Task Force, sites across the
country have seen notable progress in accelerated
cleanups,site redevelopment,community revitalization,
and expedited reduction of risks to human health and the
environment. The Southside Chattanooga Lead event also
marked the seamless transition from time-critical removal
action to remedial action, illustrating several Task Force
Recommendations in action.
Superfund Task Force Goals
Expediting
cleanup and
remediation.
Reinvigorating
cleanup and
reuse efforts
by potentially
responsible parties.
Maximizing
the recovery of
Superfund dollars.
Encouraging private
investment to
facilitate cleanup
and reuse.
Promoting
redevelopment
and community
revitalization.
Engaging partners
and stakeholders.
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SEMD's efforts to protect public health and safeguard the
environment directly support EPA's priorities for the future.
In 2019, these efforts included several immediate actions under
Task Force Goal #1 (expediting cleanup and remediation) and
Goal #2 (reinvigorating cleanup and reuse efforts by potentially
responsible parties).
Clinch River Corporation (Harriman, Tennessee)
Non-time-critical removal action removed asbestos and demolished a former industrial
facility, protecting public health and supporting the site's return to beneficial use.
LCP-Holtrachem (Riegelwood, North Carolina)
As part of Consent Decree negotiations for the site's cleanup, EPA adjusted financial
assurance requirements, which reduced the PRP's immediate outlay of cash and
allowed for continued good faith negotiations. The adjustment reduced the PRP's
immediate financial burden while ensuring the availability of enough resources to
complete the cleanup if necessary.
Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp. (Columbus, Mississippi)
Voluntary early action addressed immediate risks from surface soils in the Pine Yard tract.
Today, the majority of cleanup construction work has been completed by local contractors
and stakeholders.
Velsicol/Hardeman County Landfill (Toone,Tennessee)
Implementation of optimization plan developed by third-party contractor for part of
the cleanup (soil vapor extraction) will significantly reduce site cleanup costs. An early-
adopter pilot project at the site also awarded a contract under EPA's new Remedial
Action Framework. The contractor will operate and maintain the operable unit 2(01)2)
source treatment soil vapor extraction system at the site.
11

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Superfund Sites in Region 4 Leaving
the NPL After Successful Cleanups
Tennessee Products
(Chattanooga, Tennessee)
Operations of a coal carbonization
facility at this site resulted in soil,
sediment, groundwater and surface
water contamination. EPA, the
Tennessee Department of Environment
and Conservation, and the site's PRPs
have investigated site conditions and
taken steps to protect people and the
environment from contamination.
Potential future uses at the site include
recreation areas and commercial facilities.
EPA deleted the site from the N PL in
August 2019.
Escambia Wood - Pensacola
(Pensacola, Florida)
The site includes the 31-acre former
facility where the Escambia Wood
Treating Company manufactured
treated wood products from 1942 to
1982, as well as 70 acres of nearby
former neighborhoods. Following
cleanup, EPA deleted 40 acres of
the former residential properties
from the NPL in September 2019.
Community partners are working to
redevelop the site as the Mid-Town
Commerce Park.
Townsend Saw Chain Co.
(Pontiac, South Carolina)
Companies manufactured
metal products at this 50-
acre site, which is now home
to commercial and industrial
uses. After cleanup, EPA
deleted the soil, sediment,
surface water and surficial
aquifer portions of the
site as well as most of the
intermediate aquifer from
the NPL in September 2019.
Region 4 Responds
to Natural Disasters
across the Southeast
and the Nation in 2019
Responding to natural disasters is
a critical component of the SEMD
response program, and FY 2019 was
a very busy year for the Division in
that respect. Region 4 EPA on-scene
coordinators (OSCs) and Response
Support Corps members responded
to hurricanes Florence, Michael and
Dorian in Region 4 and provided
response support to Region 9 for
wildfires in California and Typhoon
Yutu in the Western Marianas
Islands.
For example, Hurricane Florence made landfall in North
Carolina on September 14,2018. For three days, the storm
slowly made its way through the Carolinas, bringing heavy
rainfall and catastrophic flooding. Before Hurricane Florence
made landfall, SEMD deployed oil and hazardous materials
technical experts to liaise with state agencies and the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) at the State
Emergency Operations Centers in North Carolina and South
Carolina. SEMD deployed emergency responders to affected
areas of North Carolina under a FEMA mission assignment
and performed oil and chemical facility and spill assessment,
identified and recovered orphaned oil and chemical containers,
and coordinated closely with the U.S. Coast Guard for
response work across jurisdictional boundaries. Using EPA
funding, the SEMD prioritized NPL sites in the affected
states for post-landfall field assessment. All assessment and
response data were captured in the field via electronic forms
using mobile devices and uploaded to the Region 4 Regional
Emergency Operations Center in near real time.
12

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ii
For nearly 40 years,
Superfund	prog
cleaned up the nation's
most contaminated sites,
directly improving public
health ana bre
life into strugglin
allows communities and
businesses to rediscover
and repurpose
was once aband
written	off.
»
- EPA ADMINISTRATOR
ANDREW WHEELER

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Enforcement First,
Polluters Pay
SEMD's approach to "enforcement first" means that we conduct thorough, timely
investigations to identify PRPs,take all appropriate remedial and removal enforcement
actions, address recovery of EPA's costs and make sure PRPs conduct investigations and
cleanup under enforceable orders to the maximum extent possible. The enforcement
program also supports community revitalization by providing guidance materials and site-
specific tools that help stakeholders address liability concerns and plan for the future.
<-

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Enforcement First,
Polluters Pay
National EPA Effort Aligns Superfund Program
Functions, Enhancing Effectiveness and
Transparency
Every year, EPA takes hundreds of enforcement actions against
violators of federal environmental laws. Superfund enforcement
and cost recovery protects human health and the environment by
compelling the parties responsible for contamination to clean it
up or pay for the cleanup. In turn, resources returned to the Trust
Fund help make cleanup activities possible in communities across
the Southeast. While compliance with the nation's environmental
laws is the ultimate objective, enforcement is a vital part of
encouraging governments, businesses and other parties to meet
their environmental obligations.
Enforcing federal environmental laws is a central mission of EPA's
regional offices. SEMD's experienced and trained staff vigorously
pursues enforcement and cost recovery activities. Inline with EPA
enforcement goals, we returned $7.0 million in taxpayer funds
to the Agency and reached agreements with PRPs to conduct
$59.4 million in cleanup work in 2019. Our enforcement program
continues to identify and implement best practices to expedite
site cleanups and optimize PRP-lead removals and remedial
investigations by referring $20.9 million to the U.S. Department
of Justice (DOJ) for litigation.
Civil Investigators Highlights
•	Initiated the Technical Evaluation Panel for the next
Enforcement Support Services (ESS) contract.
•	Developed a new Performance Work Statement and
Interagency Government Cost Estimate document for the
upcoming ESS contract.
•	Monitored contractor performance and procedures by
providing oversight and technical directions and maintaining
credentials as determine by EPA Order 3510 and CERCLA
Section 104.
•	Accomplished 5 Starts, 6 Completions and 16 ongoing PRP
Searches during FY 2019.
•	Supported and provided many technical assistance services
with administrative records and access agreements.
Enforcement
Facts
Nationwide, since
the start of EPA's
Superfund enforcement program,
EPA has secured over $35.1 billion in
private-party commitments and over
$6.9 billion to recover past cleanup
costs.
ENFORCEMENT
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
IN REGION 4, 2019
Cost Recovery
8 agreements and
1 Consent Decree entered,
addressing
$1.8 million
in past costs.
Referrals
5 referrals,
$20.9 million
in value.
GPRA Target
Completions
8 work orders totaling
$59.4 million
in injunctive relief.
Status/Comfort Letters
15 letters issued.
15

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Innovative Approaches Secure
and Accelerate Lower-Cost
Cleanup in Kentucky
Did You Know?
Beginning in 1953, a chemical
company began producing
chemicals at the B.F. Goodrich
site. Improper waste disposal
practices contaminated the
site's groundwater and soils as
well as the Tennessee River.
Today, chemical
manufacturing continues
at the site, but the facility
is owned and operated by
a different company. The
facility and related on-site
businesses provide OVet"
$31 million in estimated
annual income and generate
over $210 million in
estimated annual sales.
The B.F. Goodrich site is an active
chemical manufacturing facility in
Calvert City, Kentucky. The site's
$107 million remedy,selected in
2018, includes a 3-mile sub-surface
barrier wall around onshore
contamination, groundwater
collection and treatment, recovery
of non-aqueous phase liquid
(NAPL) from accessible onshore
areas, dredging of contaminated
sediments from a barge slip, closure
of two ponds, recovery of NAPL
from beneath the Tennessee River,
and treatment of the groundwater
plume beneath the river. The
remedy is widely supported by all
stakeholders. It replaces an initial
cleanup plan that was more than
twice as expensive, disruptive to
ongoing chemical plant operations
and posed safety hazards during
construction.
SEMD also pursued an innovative
approach to the site's remedial
design and remedial action process,
separating the two activities. Region
4 staff had enforcement documents
ready for issuance to site PRPs to
negotiate an agreement to conduct
the remedial design shortly after
the Record of Decision (ROD) was
signed.
SEMD and the PRPs successfully
executed the Administrative Order
on Consent for the site's remedial
design in 60 days and remedial
design work is currently underway.
Did You Know?
A former landfill at the Armstrong World Industries site has been cleaned
up and is now a thriving pollinator meadow.
The Armstrong Macon Meadow is planted with over 50 locally native
plants representing the natural history of central Georgia; the 4.5-
acre area provides habitat for bees, butterflies, birds and other species.
Collaboration among SEMD, Armstrong World Industries and the
nonprofit Pollinator Partnership made the meadow possible.
16

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Agreements Secure Investigations and
Recover Past Costs at Two Georgia Sites
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:
Macon Naval Ordnance Plant
(Macon, Georgia)
EPA has finalized an Administrative Order on Consent with several PRPs for the
remedial investigation and feasibility study at this former ordnance production
facility, where trichloroethylene has impacted the groundwater beneath the
site. The Order includes payment of EPA's past costs incurred at the site in the
amount of $1.07 million and the PRPs' responsibility for future response and
oversight costs at the site. The site remains in continued use-Allied Industrial
Park is located on site. As of 2019,17 on-site businesses employed 646 people and
generated an estimated $73 million in annual sales revenue.
Armstrong World Industries-OU2
(Macon, Georgia)
EPA executed an Administrative Order on Consent with several PRPs for the cleanup
of this former acoustic ceiling tile manufacturing facility. The Order includes payment
of EPA's past costs incurred at the site in the amount of $1.14 million and the PRPs'
responsibility for future response costs at the site.
Site Agreement in South
Carol na Enables Voluntary
Cleanup, Supports Mixed-Use
Redevelopment
In October 2018, EPA finalized an Administrative
Settlement Agreement with prospective purchaser HR
Charleston VII, LLC (Highland Resources) for response
actions at the Koppers Co., Inc. site in Charleston, South
Carolina. A wood-treating facility operated on site
from about 1945 to 1978. The facility's wood-treatment
compounds, primarily creosote, were identified as
constituents of concern. Under the terms of the
agreement, Highland Resources plans to redevelop this
large blighted former industrial area as a mixed-use
project next to the Ashley River and the King Street area,
Charleston's main business/retail thoroughfare. The
project will include residential uses; the city has rezoned
the area for mixed-use and residential uses. The work
Highland Resources performs to support residential
land use is a voluntary modification of the remedy
required in the site's 1995 Interim ROD and 1998 ROD.
The agreement also includes payment of EPA's oversight
costs.
17

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Emergency
Management and
Response

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Preparedness and Prevention
Response Corps and Leadership
Positions in 2019
The Response Support Corps (RSC) is EPA's
standing resource of volunteers wno provide
critical support to the Agency during times of
need. These cross-agency volunteers go above
and beyond their regular job responsibilities
to help with response efforts during national
emergencies.
RSC members take basic training and stand ready to be activated
to work in EPA's emergency operations centers or the field so that
EPA can fulfill its role during a disaster response.
During FY 2019, Region 4 experienced an unprecedented demand
for resources to respond to hurricanes Florence, Michael and
Dorian, and support EPA Region 9's California wildfire response.
Nearly 50 RSC volunteers deployed during these events to
manage and coordinate the resources and personnel needed to
address these major responses. Fifteen members of the Region
4 RSC also traveled to Philadelphia to receive advanced training
in Key Leadership Positions (KLPs). The Region 4 RSC continued
recruitment efforts during 2019 and provided new member
orientation training for 25 volunteers. EPA also provided training
for nine Gulf of Mexico Program RSC volunteers in Biloxi,
Mississippi.
Earthquake Preparedness
Exercise Provides Opportunity
for Region 4 Leadership Training
In June 2019,47 RSC volunteers received KLP
training as part of the three-day Shaken Fury
Exercise conducted by the Federal Emergency
Management Agency. The training exercise
enabled RSC personnel to practice their skills
throughout an unfolding scenario.
Shadowing/observer experiences were also offered to allow new
RSC staff the opportunity to learn more about EPA's role while
responding to large-scale oil and hazardous material spills after a
major earthquake. Instructors and coaches for this event included
EPA-certified instructors, members of EPA's National Incident
Management Assistance Team and technical support contractors.
Emergency
Response
and Removals:
Building Next
Generation Response
and Preparedness
Capability
SEMD acts quickly to remove
imminent threats to public
health and the environment.
Whether there is a chemical
leak at a manufacturing
facility, a landfill fire, an
uncontrolled oil release or a
natural disaster, SEMD will
be there, coordinating closely
with local responders and other
emergency officials.
19

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proi^
Emergency Response Capab lities
SEMD responds rapidly to oil discharges, chemical releases and other natural disaster
events in remote locations throughout the Region and nation with state-of-the-art
technologies in its mobile operation center.
SEMD procured its Mobile Command Post (MCP)
in 2007. The vehicle is designed to rapidly respond
to any scene, quickly establish and maintain
communications, and efficiently support the
management of the site operations during an ongoing
emergency. From 2007 to 2018, there had been no
major technology upgrades to the MCP,
In 2019, SEMD made a series of updates and upgrades
to the MCP and it is now once again a state-of-the-
art mobile workspace. Improvements included new
field communication and digital networking systems,
updated satellite receivers, enhanced driver-assist
cameras and safety displays, Wi-Fi networking, high-
quality audio/video displays and presentation systems,
and new multimedia monitoring displays.
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EPCRA Returns to Superfund
EPCRA helps states and communities develop a
comprehensive understanding of the chemical
threats and hazards in their environment.
EPCRA has four major provisions:
"I emergency planning.
2	emergency release notification.
3	hazardous chemical storage reporting requirements.
4	toxic chemical release inventory.
EPCRA increases the public's access to information and knowledge on
chemicals at local facilities, how those chemicals are used, and their
releases into the environment. States and communities, working with
local facilities, can use this information to improve chemical safety and
the protection of public health and the environment.
In FY 2019, SEMD provided support for a variety of state and community
EPCRA activities, including:
• Outreach at State Emergency Response Commission (SERC)
meetings in Tennessee, Alabama and Florida and Local
Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) meetings in Florida and
Georgia.
• Coordination with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration and SERCs to revise state-specific information
fields for annual chemical inventory submissions.
• Consulting with the Kentucky SERC on EPCRA applicability for
a farm supply establishment.
• Coordination with Florida and Georgia SERCs and LEPCs during
Hurricane Michael and Hurricane Florence to assess the
post-landfall status of facilities regulated under a Risk
Management Program (RMP).
• Hosting a regional meeting and roundtable to discuss SERC/
Tribal Emergency Response Commission (TERC) notification
requi rements under America's Water I nf rastructure Act, review
planning for natural disaster debris guidance, and share training
and exercise resources for chemical facility security and safety.
21
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Vital Disaster Response
Data Management
Strengthens Hurricane
Responses, Supports
State Capacities
SEMD conducted responses to
Hurricanes Florence and Michael in 2018
and Hurricane Dorian in 2019.
Data management during these responses helped
prioritize facilities and other locations for post-
storm assessment and documenting assessment and
removal activities using mobile devices, cloud storage
and real-time mapping. Data were maintained at
their source and shared simultaneously with state
and federal response partners. Assessment data
was captured for oil-related facilities, water and
wastewater plants, N PL sites, and disaster debris
management facilities. Reconnaissance and removal
data were also captured for orphaned containers for
oil and hazardous materials. Models
generated by government and non-
government organizations as wel (
as real-time flood monitors were
used to establish field assessment
locations; a live digital search
grid was shared with all response
partners to illustrate field team
progress.
In turn, state agencies have started using and
relying on these best data management
practices. FDEP implemented them
during Hurricane Michael and
the North Carolina Department
of Environmental Protection
(NCDEQ) implemented them
during Hurricane Florence. During
future disaster responses in Florida
and North Carolina, EPA personnel
supporting the state agencies will be
able to help populate the state data systems
and access the information generated.

Region 4 Efforts
Protect Public Health,
Ensure Fan Safety at
Super Bowl LI 11
In preparation for Super Bowl LI 11,
the City of Atlanta and Fulton County
requested SEMD's assistance with air
monitoring and BioWatch sampling
support.
During the year leading up to the Super Bowl,
Region 4 staff participated in outreach meetings
with local, state and federal agencies, two
interagency consequence management tabletop
exercises, a pre-deployment data collection
exercise, and a BioWatch Phase One exercise, and
established a Memorandum of Understanding
between EPA, the U.S. Department of Homeland
Security (DHS) and the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid
Transit Authority (MARTA).
Super Bowl LI 11 took place on February 3,2019,
at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta. In the
days leading up to the Super Bowl, SEMD co-
deployed EPA air monitoring equipment with local
government agencies and DHS at Mercedes Benz
Stadium, Vine City MARTA Station,
Dome/CN N Center MARTA Station,
Georgia World Congress Center
and other areas inside the secure
event perimeter. SEMD staff
began operating out of EPA's
Regional Emergency Operations
Center in the Sam Nunn Atlanta
Federal Center and began to service
and troubleshoot EPA air monitoring
equipment in preparation for the event. SEMD staff
integrated into the All Hazards Incident Command
(AH IC) at the State Emergency Operations Center
in Atlanta where EPA air monitoring data was
reviewed remotely and displayed for federal, state
and local agencies in the AHIC.
Through the conclusion of Super Bowl activities,
SEMD staff remained an integrated part of the
AHIC and EPA teams continued to maintain air
monitoring equipment at Super Bowl venues in
downtown Atlanta. After the event, SEMD staff
removed the equipment and stood down and
demobilized from the AHIC. SEMD's efforts helped
ensure the safety of fans attending this year's Super
Bowl and illustrated EPA's core mission in action,
delivering real results to provide Americans with
clean air, land and water, and ensure chemical
safety.
22

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Disaster Response
Data Management:
A Closer Look
SEMD has revolutionized
the way technology is used
to support EPA's responses
to significant incidents such
as hurricanes Florence,
Michael and Dorian,
In the face of a natural
disaster, we are able to
collect, track, analyze and
communicate the status of
hazardous waste sites. Given
EPA's need to integrate
information from multiple
sources and synthesize a
shared, dynamically updated
view for all stakeholders, we
have been able to develop
robust solutions by learning
from site-specific activities
and scaling them up during
significant response events.
EPA is using mobile
technologies to capture
data in response locations
without Internet connection,
which is essential in the
aftermath of a disaster,
and transmit time-critical
data to the Region 4
Regional Emergency
Operations Center when
a connection is available.
The GIS technology-
based solution includes a
common operating picture
for tracking, managing and
monitoring sites and assets
in real-time. This brings data
to life and provides context,
so emergency managers
can share, understand and
act on the information
collected.
Next-Generation Response Tools:
GeoPlatform and EPA VIPER
EPA's VIPER is a wireless communications system that transmits
data from field sensors for data analysis and visualization. In 2019,
SEMD upgraded its VIPER tools to add remote computers. Additional
upgrades include expanded mounting hardware for multiple
instruments and a radio signal booster for expanded field sensor range.
Notable VIPER deployments during 2019 include the Bishops Road
landfill fire, the Bartow train derailment, Super Bowl LI 11 in Georgia and
the Able Contracting Fire response in South Carolina.
Next-Generation Response Tools:
The Regional Readiness Center (RRC)
SEMD has made extensive use of EPA's
GeoPlatform and VIPER, two dynamic next-
generation response tools. GeoPlatform is
the hub of EPAgeospatia! data, services
and applications. Sampling data results
are displayed in interactive maps on the
GeoPlatform from a SCRIBE database
on a cloud server. Analysis tools assist in
generating excavation areas and surface water
flow paths. Progress on time-critical removal
actions and emergency responses along with data are released to the
public via applications and story maps.
SEMD's 13,000-square-foot multi-use facility
provides space for the storage, maintenance
and deployment of emergency and disaster
response equipment, a field-monitoring-
instrument shop, and training and meeting
space for up to 35 people and can serve as an
alternate Continuity of Operations (COOP)
location. Response equipment is kept in a
continuous state of readiness for routine and
emergency use on site, demonstration of the use
of the equipment during drills and exercises, and
transportation or shipment of the equipment
and necessary supplies to active response
locations throughout the Region. In 2019,
the RRC hosted 10 training courses and four
exercises, including an innovative Level A
personal protective equipment practical
exercise that will be offered quarterly
beginning in 2020.
23

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Removal Responses
In addition to prevention and preparedness, SEMD tackles thousands of emergencies involving
oil spills or the release (or threatened release) of hazardous substances that are reported in the
United States. Emergencies range from small-scale spills to large incidents requiring prompt
action and evacuation of nearby populations. Removal responses are common at Superfund sites
when the contamination poses an immediate threat to human health and the environment.
Southside Chattanooga Lead
(Chattanooga, Tennessee)
The City of Chattanooga has a rich industrial history
that includes several metal foundries. This legacy
resulted in the use of foundry waste as fill material
on residential properties in older areas of the city.
As part of EPA's effort to expediate response actions
in residential areas, EPA conducted sampling at
355 properties in the Highland Park subdivision in
Chattanooga in 2018 and 2019. Of these 355 properties,
130 properties were found to exceed the site-specific
remedial goal of 360 parts per million (ppm) lead and
43 properties exceeded 1,200 ppm lead. The 1,200-
ppm lead level meets tier 1 removal action criteria
for conducting residential soil lead removal as early
response actions by EPA. Sampling activities continue
in the neighborhood to identify any additional
properties which may fall within the Tier 1 category.
The tiered approach being used to address lead
contaminated soil in this neighborhood allows for
EPA to protect residents from exposure to lead in
an expedited manner. This removal action provides
rapid response measures to be implemented with a
focus on those properties which have the greatest
concentration of lead in the soil. The remaining
impacted properties will be addressed through a
longer-term response action by SEMD's remedial
program beginning in late 2019.

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35th Avenue
(Birmingham, Alabama)
The 35th Avenue Superfund site includes about
2,000 residential properties encompassing
parts of three North Birmingham communities-
Collegeville, Fairmont and Harriman Park-affected
by nearby industrial activities. SEMD has been
able to obtain access to and sample 98% of the
residential properties. Sampling discovered that 650
properties had soil contamination above acceptable
EPA levels. By the end of FY 2019,475 properties
will have been cleaned up. Since the start of site
operations, Superfund will have cleaned up 75% of the
contaminated residential properties.
A multi-phase removal action to protect public
health and the environment began in February 2014.
Phase 1 addressed about 50 residential properties
that were the most contaminated. Phase 2 began in
September 2014 and addressed residential properties
where children live, as well as three schools. Phase
3 began in March 2015 and addressed residential
properties with the highest remaining carcinogen
concentrations (arsenic and benzo(a)pyrene). The
site is currently in Phase 4, which began in July 2015
and addresses all remaining residential properties
identified for cleanup. This phased approach ensured
that the contaminated properties that posed the
greatest risk to human health were cleaned up first.
PHASEONE
PHASE TWO
PHASETHREE
Most contaminated,
occupied residential
properties.
54 properties cleaned up.
Properties where
children and pregnant
women live.
30 properties cleaned up.
3 schools, including
Hudson K-8 and 2
apartment
complexes.
Properties with
elevated arsenic and
PAHs found in the soil.
35 properties cleaned up.



COMPLETE
March - August 2014
COMPLETE
September2014 - March 2015
COMPLETE
March - july20is
All remaining
properties needing
cleanup.
329 properties cleaned up
so far, 192 to go.
IN PROGRESS
Since July 2015
25

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Site Assessment
Leaning the Site Assessment Process
In 2019, SEMD's Site
Assessment Program
had the opportunity to
streamline and modernize
the site assessment
process by applying
Lean approaches,
including identifying and
implementing ways to
increase efficiency and use
best management practices,
with the ultimate goal
of identifying high-risk/
priority sites and moving
them through the site
assessment process as
quickly as possible.
The Lean initiative is a collaborative
process with our Region 4 state
agency stakeholders. It is being
conducted in multiple phases, with
goals and milestones to measure
progress and success of the program.
The overarching goal of the Lean
initiative is to achieve a minimum of
25 percent in cost and time savings
from initiation to completion of a site
assessment project.
During the planning stage, EPA
solicited input from our state
stakeholders using a survey
questionnaire and third-party listening
sessions. Information gathered during
the planning stage was used to plan
and execute a tabletop exercise that
brought together state stakeholders,
site assessment managers and
contractors. The collaborative
hands-on event evaluated sites using
scenarios that fostered discussion
about innovative technologies,
best management practices, and sharing and
distillation of ideas. During the exercise, EPA
identified issues that were common and most
pressing for our stakeholders and discovered
ways in which improvements can be made.
Immediately following the exercise, EPA began
negotiations for the new cooperative agreements
(CAs) grant cycle for the FY 2020/2021 process
with state stakeholders. The CAs are an
instrumental mechanism used to implement
the takeaways from the exercise and the Lean
initiative. EPA also initiated pilot studies and
26

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Superfund Site
Assessments
These assessments
evaluate potential or
confirmed releases of
hazardous substances
that may pose a threat
to human health or
the environment.
Hazard Ranking
System (HRS) criteria
guide the process,
which is carried out
by EPA, state, tribal
or other federal
agency environmental
programs. After
identification of a site,
a series of assessments
evaluate the potential
need for remedial
cleanup.
evaluated completed or ongoing projects as case studies
to measure our progress in meeting EPA goals and
milestones.
With an aggressive schedule for completing the first stage
of the Lean initiative, flexibility proved to be vital to our
program. EPA quickly made modifications to the tabletop
exercise and addressed one of the key issues facing the
stakeholders by conducting a vapor intrusion training
that was beneficial to all participants. The pilot studies
also show the investments the program has made to save
time and money.
Overarching
Goal of the
Lean initiative
ACHIEVE A MINIMUM OF
25%
in cost and
time savings
27

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Integrated Site
Assessments
s~\
-------
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Collaboration
with State
Partners to
Build Capacities
and Expedite
Site Evaluations
In 2019, SEMD prioritized training work with our
state partners on innovative field techniques
and methods to build the capacities of state staff
and streamline site evaluations. Our START field
team conducted joint site evaluations with states,
demonstrating field methods while accomplishing
site inspections.
Methods included:
(Y)
«©>:
L*J
%
the use of x-ray fluorescence
(XRF) analysis
vapor intrusion sampling
(including installation of subslab
ports and collection of air samples)

sample collection protocols for
4 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
(PFAS)
deployment of passive soil gas screening
devices
30
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'
Galey & Lord Sludge Fields
(Society Hill, South Carolina)
SEMD staff assisted staff from SCDHEC
in collecting environmental samples for
PFAS analysis, including training state
personnel in sampling protocols. The
state is continuing to monitor private
drinking water wells in the area for PFAS
associated with sludge from the former
Galey & Lord textile plant.
Rich Ladder
(Carrollton, Kentucky)
Volatile organic compound (VOC)
contamination in municipal wells caused
the shutdown of wells and has required
treatment of the VOCs at the well
heads. The origin of the contamination
is unknown. EPA's START field team
deployed passive soil gas samplers to find
the source of the contamination. The
sampling identified the likely source of
the contamination; additional samples
and monitoring wells can be strategically
placed to monitor contamination. During
the investigation, EPA trained KDEP staff
on the use of passive soil gas samplers
and interpreting data results. As a result
of this collaboration, KDEP successfully
used passive soil gas samples at another
site to determine whether vapor intrusion
sampling was warranted.
B&L Auto
(Decatur, Georgia)
SEMD and Georgia
Environmental Protection
Division (Georgia EPD) staff
investigated site conditions
to determine whether VOC
contamination was present
in soil gas beneath two
properties at concentrations
that might pose a threat to
human health via intrusion of
vapor from the subsurface into
buildings at the properties.
Passive soil gas probes were
installed around the perimeter
of the two buildings. EPA
provided hands-on training
to Georgia EPD staff for the
installation of the passive gas
probes. Soil gas screening
using passive gas probes is
an effective, low-cost way
to determine whether VOCs
are elevated in soil gas. The
results are used to determine
whether subslab and indoor
air sampling is warranted.
Stewardship Dry
Cleaners
(Tallahassee, Florida)
A defunct dry cleaners with a
history of leaks and improper
chemical storage is now used
for retail, with eight people
working in the former dry
cleaners building. Passive soil gas
screening was used as the first
step of investigation to locate
any subsurface contamination.
Results indicated the potential for
vapor intrusion in the occupied
building. Subsequent subslab soil
gas sampling found high levels
of chlorinated VOCs beneath the
building foundation. Increased
ventilation is used to protect
current workers. EPA's START field
team demonstrated the use of
passive soil gas samplers as well
as installation of subslab soil gas
ports to FDEP staff during the
investigation. EPA also trained
FDEP staff on how to evaluate
data results. FDEP staff now have
the capacity to conduct similar
sampling.
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The Oil I Program
EPA's Oil Pollution Prevention regulation
provides requirements for prevention
of, preparedness for and response to oil
discharges at non-transportation-related
facilities.
To prevent oil from reaching navigable waters and
shorelines, and to contain discharges of oil, facilities
must put Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure
(SPCC) Plans and Facility Response Plans (FRPs) in place.
SEMD conducts inspections each year to make sure
regulated facilities comply with the SPCC and FRP
regulation. These efforts focus on facilities that store a
million gallons of oil or more; worst-case discharges from
these facilities could result in substantial harm to human
health and the environment.
SEMD also conducts government-initiated unannounced
exercises (GIUEs) at FRP facilities. GIUEs evaluate an FRP
facility's ability to implement its FRP plan. Similar to fire
drills at offices and schools, these unannounced exercises
are an excellent test of a facility's preparedness in the
event of an oil release.
During FYig,we conducted 40 SPCC and 30 FRP
inspections and exercises. As part of a pilot program
in Region 4, an exercise team has been formed to plan
and initiate facility drills. The GIUE team's output will
be focused on ensuring that all FRP facilities in Region 4
stand ready to effectively respond to accidental releases
of oil into the environment should they occur.
These efforts help prevent the release of oil into the
environment and improve environmental response
preparedness. The goal is to work cooperatively with the
oil industry and other governmental agencies to reduce
the number, size and impact of oil spills in waterways and
other environmentally sensitive areas. Our program is one
of the most comprehensive and effective in the nation.
32
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Rapid Oil Spill Response and Remediation in
North Carolina Protects Neighborhood and Area
Waterways
In September 2019, SEMD, NCDEQ, the
City of Shelby and Cleveland County
officials responded to an emergency
request reporting an approximately
3,000-gallon discharge of oil.
The facility used a 6,500-gallon tanker to store used oil
and discharged its contents into the building via a hose
placed through a window. The used oil filled the entire
footprint of the building and ran out into the property
and onto Ruth Street. Due to rain from Hurricane
Florence's outer rain-bands, the discharge affected a
nearby storm sewer and several sections of the sanitary
sewer system. The storm drains led to Hickory Creek,
which is a tributary of the Broad River.
SEMD mobilized contractors to remediate the spill.
A total of 2,250 gallons of used oil, 300 tons of oil
contaminated soil and 3,575 gallons of oil contaminated
water was collected and sent off site from the original
emergency response. During the initial emergency
response, additional hazardous substances were
identified as a threat to the surrounding community.
Eight hundred pounds of PCB waste, 7,425 gallons of
PCB oil, and 51,000 gallons of hazardous waste were
sent off site for disposal. Due to the proximity to the
neighborhood, a more detailed study called a Removal
Site Evaluation (RSE) was conducted for 10 residential
properties. The RSE found no additional off-site impacts
from the original spill or from past site activities.
COLLECTED
ANDSENT
OFF SITE
FROM THE
ORIGINAL
EMERGENCY
RESPONSE
2)250 gallons
of used oil
300
tons of oil-
contaminated
soil
3)575
gallons of oil-
contaminated
water
ADDITIONAL
HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES
IDENTIFIED
ANDSENT
OFF SITE FOR
DISPOSAL
800 pounds of
PCB waste
7j425 gallons
of PCB oil
sfv
51.000
gallons of
hazardous
waste
33
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Long-Term
Environmental
Protection and
Sustainability
Superfund remedial cleanups address the most complex and highly contaminated
sites in the country. These cleanups include N PL sites, sites with Superfund Alternative
Agreements and federal facilities.
These federal and private-party sites often require years to fully study the problems,
develop a permanent remedy and clean up hazardous substances affecting soil,
groundwater, surface water, sediment and vapor intrusion. SEMD works closely with
communities and our state, tribal and federal partners to ensure the protection of human
health and the environment throughout the cleanup of these sites.
<-
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Long-Term Environmental
Protection and Sustainabi lity
Cleanup of Former Mill in Tennessee Protects
Publ ic Health, Lays Groundwork for Reuse
Wr
In 2019, a non-time-
critical removal action
at the Clinch River
Corporation site in
Harriman, Tennessee,
removed asbestos
and demolished the
remains of a former
liner board facility.
The action, led by WestRock, the site's responsible
party, also installed a boat slip. The City of Harriman
plans to include the remediated site as part of a
riverfront park, complete with boat slips and walking
trails.
Cleanup and Reuse Planning Milestones for
Former Manufacturing Facility n Mississippi
SEMD, the Greenfield
Multi-State Trust
and the Mississippi
Department of
Environmental Quality
(MDEQ) continue to
work closely with the
City of Columbus and
community members
on cleanup and reuse
plans for the Kerr-McGee Chemical Corp.
(Columbus) Superfund site, a 31-acre
former manufacturing facility.
The Multistate Trust, encouraged and supported
by EPA and MDEQ, is successfully partnering with
local businesses and stakeholders to implement a
fundamentally different model for realizing our shared
environmental and economic goals for this underserved
community. A Together Everyone Accomplishes More
(TEAM) concept with a "locals first" cleanup approach
was adopted for the investigation and cleanup activities
at the site. This cost-effective approach achieves EPA's
cleanup goals while using local contractors and resources
to the maximum extent practicable.
ditches. Expedited cleanup of shallow soils at the
Pine Yard tract has almost finished. Surface soil
was sampled for dioxins and furans at 40 private
properties in 2019, with completion of cleanup
anticipated in 2020.
At the same time, the site's Redevelopment Planning
Initiative continues to explore options for the site's
future that are community supported, safe, beneficial
and economically sustainable. In 2019,TEAM initiative
activities included community outreach listening
sessions and surveys to encourage residents to share
their views on how the site should be redeveloped.
Preferred future uses identified by the community to
date include a health clinic and an adult education
center. Other preferred uses include a community
center, a bank or credit union, and single-family
houses. A manufacturing center, retail shopping,
a grocery or market, and a park or playground are
among other preferences.
Cleanup efforts at the site have removed contaminated
soil, treated groundwater and addressed stormwater
35

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2 TO 4
MILLION
gallons of water
treated per day
MILLION
gallons of
contaminated
wastewater
eliminated
from storage
reduction in
wastewater
treatment
*
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pjSpia'
Multii -Year Cleanup
on Mississippi
Solving Wastewater
Challenges, Protecting
the Environment
Cleanup of this former
diammonium phosphate fertilizer
plant started in 2018, after SEMD
announced a $71.6 million cleanup
that will run through 2020, plus $36
million for ongoing wastewater
treatment during cleanup.
Cleanup construction began in October 2018 and
focuses on the closure of the East Gypsum Stack
and the North Ponds at the West Gypsum Stack
over three phases. The cleanup will eliminate
storage of more than 500 million gallons of
contaminated wastewater and reduce the
volume of wastewater requiring treatment by an
estimated 98%.
Closure of the west slope of the East Gypsum
Stack started in 2019. Work involved subgrade
preparation, drainage improvements, and
installation of an engineered geosynthetic turf
cover system to shed rainwater off 55 acres of
acid-generating and nutrient-laden material.
Water treatment operations also continued at a
rate of 2-to-4 million gallons per day to prevent
an uncontrolled release of untreated water to
the adjacent bayou and estuary.
AFTER
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Federal Faci l ties
From nuclear weapons plants and military bases to landfills and fuel distribution stations, the U.S. government
operates thousands of facilities across the country. Many federal facilities are contaminated because of past waste
disposal practices and unintentional releases. Contaminated federal facilities such as Department of Defense (DOD)
military bases and DOE nuclear reactor, processing and research centers are complex sites that require coordination
with EPA's partners.
SEMD collaborates with many groups, including governmental and non-governmental organizations and local
stakeholders, to coordinate cleanup and technical assistance efforts at 20 federal facilities on the NPL in Region 4.
Innovative cleanups are enabling the restoration of these facilities so they can continue to serve an important role,
while making a visible and lasting difference.
Region 4's responsibilities include oversight of complex cleanups at 17 DOD bases and three major DOE complexes
on the NPL: the Savannah River Site in South Carolina, the Oak Ridge Reservation in Tennessee and the Paducah
Gaseous Diffusion Plant in Kentucky. Region 4 also implements the Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) program
in the Southeast, working closely with our federal partners to facilitate the reuse and redevelopment of federal
facilities at NPL sites.
Continued Reuse, Cleanup M lestones
at Former Nuclear Facility in Tennessee
FY 2019, remedial activities included the completion
of cleanup for Zone 2 Exposure Unit (EU) Z2-28, a
20.5-acre area used for above-ground dumping of soil,
building rubble and debris. This $1.6 million remedial
action removed 4,048 cubic yards of contaminated
materials and the area is now ready for use; an
industrial park is planned for the area.
The East Tennessee Technology Park(ETTP)
Zonei Powerhouse Duct Bank was the electrical
transmission system that provided power to the
gaseous diffusion process buildings that enriched
uranium for use in nuclear weapons. The Duct Bank
was about 8,700 feet long and contained lead-
sheathed copper feeder cables in 262 vaults, which
presented a risk to groundwater. Interim cleanup
actions included dewatering and filling the vaults
with flowable fill. The vaults crossing Poplar Creek
were filled with concrete to make sure cables did not
present a risk to the creek. This $2.3 million remedial
action finished in September 2019, further supporting
the development of technology park facilities at ETTP.
Facilities at the Oak Ridge
Gaseous Diffusion Plant
made history as part of
the Manhattan Project
during World War II
and strengthened the
U.S. nuclear defense
program during the Cold
War.
Extensive collaboration among federal,
state, local and community partners
has transformed this national
landmark into an innovative
technology park-the East
Tennessee Technology Park-
that includes manufacturing
and business centers,
conference facilities, several solar
arrays, a national historic park,
greenway trails and wildlife habitat.
Cleanup of parts of the site is ongoing. In
38
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Innovative Cleanup at Marine Corps Base in North
Carol na Restoring Groundwater to Beneficial Use
The partnering team worked diligently to determine
the most effective treatment system that will address
dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) and
contamination in multiple aquifers with complex
geochemistry. The remedy includes three different
groundwater treatment areas with three separate
treatment technologies, including injection of in-situ
chemical oxidation in a closed-loop system via 10
horizontal wells. The remedy also includes mitigation
of the vapor intrusion pathway while restoring
groundwater to beneficial use. The remedial action
cost is $17 million.
Expediting Cleanup, Making Critical Progress
at DOE Facility in South Carol na
The Savannah River Site (SRS) NPL site is
an active U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
facility that stretches across 310 square
miles in Aiken, Allendale and Barnwell
counties in South Carolina. Cleanup at
the site is addressing contamination left
behind from the Cold War.
A major priority is to address large areas of coal ash left
from decades of power and steam generation, used to
power daily site operations. In 2019, field work on a multi-
unit effort consolidated existing ash landfills and ash
basins in Operable Unit 63, known as D Area.
To accomplish this work as quickly as possible in
preventing anticipated berm failure, SEMD and
SCDHEC worked with the DOE-SRS to implement
removal actions to consolidate the ash. Four separate
removal actions consolidated 1.3 million cubicyards
covering over 100 acres into two large areas with
robust geosynthetic cover systems. The actions
prevented berm failure and exposure concerns.
SEMD conducted field oversight, and reviewed,
commented on and approved removal work plans,
risk assessments and removal reports to complete the
field work project in 2019. In 2020, EPA will work with
DOE and SCDHEC to finalize the CERCLA remedial
documents needed to close out the ash subunits and
move forward to address additional source areas and
groundwater for the D Area Operable Unit.
Camp Lejeune is a 156,000-
acre facility in Onslow
County, North Carolina.
The mission of the
Base is to maintain
combat-ready units
for expeditionary
deployment. In 2019,
the Base is implementing
a comprehensive treatment system for
groundwater contamination associated
with the former Base dry-cleaning facility.
39
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Former Air Force Base in South
Carolina Now Home to Successful
Mixed-Use Hub
In July 2019, EPA presented its second annual National
Federal Facility Excellence in Site Reuse award to the
former Myrtle Beach Air Force Base in recognition of
exemplary work transforming the Superfund site into a
ssfut commercial and industrial space.
successful
BEFORE
The base's closure in 1993 resulted in the loss of nearly 5,100 jobs and
an economic loss of $91 million from payroll, taxes and other revenues.
Today, the transformation of the former 3,936-acre Myrtle Beach AFB into
a thriving new community sets a new standard for successful remediation
and redevelopment. The former Air Force base is now home to Myrtle
Beach International Airport, over 1,200 new homes, a dozen parks, walking
paths and sporting facilities, a golf course, a college, a new technology and
aerospace business park, and a centerpiece commercial district called The
Market Common that features shops and restaurants. The redevelopment
project has had a large economic impact, employing 25,781 people and
providing $2.97 billion in annual economic activity and almost $120 million
in annual tax revenue. Today,The Market Common has become the fastest-
growing area in the community-new projects underway include the $44
million Tidelands Health Medical Park.
The award, which EPA gave to four federal sites nationwide this year,
recognizes the innovative thinking and cooperation among federal agencies,
states, tribes, local partners and developers that have led to noteworthy
restoration and reuse of federal facility sites under the Superfund program.
5,100
jobs lost
Rap id Hurricane Recovery, Cleanup
M festone at Military Base in Florida
Tyndall Air Force Base (TAFB) is an active U.S. Air Force Base in Bay
County, Florida, about a mile southeast of Panama City.
The base covers about 29,000 acres on a narrow, 18-mile-long peninsula. In October 2018,
TAFB suffered a direct hit from Hurricane Michael's Category 5,155-mile-per-hour winds,
which caused over $5 billion in damage to aircraft and every building on the base. The base
worked diligently to recover from this catastrophic event and submitted the Remedial Action
Completion Report (RACR) for LF-003 (Operable Unit 11) in February 2019. A final inspection
took place in March 2019. The Air Force addressed EPA and FDEP's comments and submitted
RACR Version 2 in May 2019.
After a follow-up site inspection, EPA approved RACR Version 2 in June 2.019, achieving the
first remedial action completion under the site's Federal Facility Agreement. Achievement of
the remedial action objectives allows for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure for
LF-003 and is protective of human health and the environment. The estimated cost of
remedial activities at Operable Unit 11 is $4.2 million.
40
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THE FORMER MYRTLE
BEACH AIR FORCE BASE
TODAY
$2*97 BILLION
n annual economic activity
« T his project	is a
demonstration of
how public-private
partnerships can convert
contaminated sites into
community assets that will
attract jobs, encourage
partnerships	an
broader economic
development outcomes. ))
- EPA REGION 4 ADMINISTRATOR
MARY S.WALKER
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Scientific
Innovation and
Next Generation
Contracting
High-quality research, sound science and technological innovation are essential to the protection
of human health and the environment and are SEMD hallmarks. The Superfund program benefits
from specialized expertise in areas including hydrogeology, human health and ecological risk
assessments, environmental chemistry, and environmental radiological evaluation.
SEMD scientists integrate knowledge from a wide variety of sources and disciplines to provide
responsive solutions to public health and environmental challenges. Our Scientific Support
Section (SSS) makes sure that the science used to support remedial decisions is sound and
has integrity, that proper quality control and quality assurance measures are in place, and
that sampling approaches and data evaluation are free from bias. SSS also provides resource/
remedy optimization expertise, reviews remedial technologies, and coordinates with the Office
of Research and Development (ORD) and the Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR).
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Scientific Excellence and Innovation
fin Action Across Region 4
Region 4 Human Health and Ecological
Supplemental Guidance
This regional guidance updates and replaces all previous Region 4 human health and
ecological risk assessment supplemen tal guidance and supplements the national EPA
guidance documents on site-specific human health risk assessments (HHRAs) and the
ecological risk assessment (ERA) guidance for Superfund. This supplemental guidance
provides direction and does not constitute rulemaking by the Agency. Its intent is to aid in
the development of high-quality risk assessments by EPA, EPA contractors, PRPs and state
partners.
To learn more, visit www.epa.gov/risk/region-4-risk-assessment-contacts.
Technical Impracticability Waivers
With groundwater contamination where attainment of applicable and/or relevant and
appropriate requirements (ARARs) is not practicable from an engineering perspective,
a technical impracticability (Tl) waiver is an option available to EPA remedial project
managers to advance cleanup at a site. Tl waivers are an option for Superfund sites
where a detailed site analysis leads EPA to conclude that it is not technically practicable,
in a reasonable time, for groundwater cleanup to meet regulatory standards. Typical
conditions leading to a Tl determination are the presence of complex hydrogeologic
conditions and contaminants that are difficult to remove or treat due to their subsurface
distribution or inherent properties.
Remediation system complexity or cost are not a basis for a Tl waiver and remedial
options must always be evaluated in a Tl determination. Tl waiver evaluations require a
comprehensive assessment of the potential for groundwater remediation to attain ARARs
within a reasonable timeframe. SEMD has recently approved its first two Tl waivers. Each
Tl waiver determination required months of detailed data analysis by SSS hydrogeologists,
multiple revisions of the Tl waiver demonstration documents and Region 4 consultations
with EPA Headquarters. Both approved Tl waivers included remedial strategies designed
to protect human health and the environment.
Bioavailability
In vitro bioaccessibility assay (IVBA) is a form of bioavailability testing using Method
1340 for arsenic and lead that is being used to understand the bioaccessibility of soil
contaminants at Superfund sites. Determining the bioavailability of lead and arsenic is
guided by EPA's 2017 Standard Operating Procedure for In Vitro Bioaccessibility (semspub.
epa.gov/work/HQ/iooooois3.pdf). Site-specific bioavailability testing allows for
adjustments to decision-making goals to ensure the protection of human health and the
environment.
There is an inverse relationship between bioaccessibility and cleanup goals. For example,
if site-specific lead bioavailability testing for lead resulted in a lower-than-default (30%)
bioaccessibility, the cleanup goal could be adjusted higher than calculated using default
parameters. Site-specific bioavailability testing could be performed on as little as 10% of
initial samples (minimum of 10) to derive a statistically valid result. Ail EPA regional labs
now have the ability to run Method 1340.
43
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Fairfax RARE Grant Study
Assessment of human health and environmental
risk from heavy-metal contamination at Superfund
sites depends on proper characterizations of the
bioaccessibility and bioavailability of the metals in soils
and sediments. EPA Method 1340 defines the proper
analytical procedure for the validated IVBA for arsenic in
soil. However, the method has not yet been approved for
wide use with sediments. Further, results from chemical
and toxicological testing may take weeks to obtain and
can be expensive.
SEMD is working with ORD through a Regional Applied
Research Grant (RARE) at the Fairfax Street Wood
Treaters Superfund site in Jacksonville, Florida. The
project is an attempt to determine whether EPA Method
1340 may also be used to analyze sediments for arsenic
bioavailability and to research and develop rapid, cost-
effective microbial-based assays of arsenic bioavailability
in sediments. The ability to use the established test
method for sediment analysis would allow for an
ecological application of IVBA. Field sampling took place
in July 2019. Results will be evaluated in early 2020.
Urban Background Study Update
SEMD's Urban Background Study Team has begun to
conclude its work on the Region-wide, multi-partner
study of metals and PAH contaminant levels in urban
areas. The Team is compiling and reviewing the data
to make it publicly available. The project covered
eight different cities in five different Region 4 states.
The Team is also preparing to present the findings
at an international conference and to publish the
findings in a scientific journal.

DID YOU KNOW?
Pipeline Allocation Model (PAM)
PAM is the primary way the Superfund remedial program
allocates resources to EPA Regions. The data source for
PAM is the Superfund Enterprise Management System
(SEMS), which records and tracks planned and ongoing
project activities to the task level. PAM uses weighting
factors to produce a score for each Region based on
current fiscal year start targets, ongoing actions and
prior-year completions. "Mega-sites" (sites with expected
cleanup costs of $50+ million) continue to receive a
double weighting.
44
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Embracing the Next Generation of
Contracts and Training
SEMD continues to lead in EPA's ongoing transformation in
procurement and acquisition of contracted services. Whether
in deployment of the national Superfund Remedial Acquisition
Framework or in multi-regional collaboration for the nextgeneration
of START contracts, Region 4 is helping shape the future ofSuperfund
contracting.
The Remedial Acquisition Framework (RAF)
The Remedial Acquisition Framework (RAF) is EPA's new approach for acquiring national
response services to support the Superfund remedial program. FIAF is designed to
improve the agency's acquisition efficiency and to ensure the agency is compliant with all
current Office of Management and Budget initiatives and Federal Acquisition Regulation
provisions.
FIAF includes three suites of nationally placed indefinite delivery indefinite quantity (I DIQ)
multiple award contracts. These I DIQ contracts use performance-based contracting
principles and competitively placed task orders to improve efficiency. The three RAF
contract suites are: the Design and Engineering Services (DES) contract, which provides
architecture and engineering (A&E) services from the Superfund site investigation
phase through the remedial design phase; the Remediation Environmental Services
(RES) contract, which provides remedial action services and construction; and the
Environmental Services and Operations (ESO) contract, which provides oversight and
cleanup operations.
Region 4 embraced the new procurement approach and was the first regional office to
award a task order under the ESO contract suite for long-term remedial action. By the end
of 2019, Region 4 awarded a total of six new task orders under FIAF, the most in the nation.
START 5
The purpose of the START contract is to provide nationally consistent technical assistance
services to EPA's OSCs and other federal officials implementing EPA's mission and
responsibilities under the national response system. Additionally, the contractor provides
technical assistance services to other programs, including site assessment, the Brownfields
program and remedial support activities. START 5 is the sixth generation of this contract.
The first joint START solicitation (Regions 4 and 5) was successfully negotiated, and these
negotiations resulted in the award of two independent contracts for both regions in July
2019.
Superfund State Contracts
Superfund State Contracts (SSCs) are required prior to beginning Fund-lead remedial
actions at Superfund sites. Region 4 has executed 73 SSCs since 1983; 51 are currently
active. Collectively, these contracts address $689 million of remedial actions performed
across the Southeast and have provided $68.9 million, or 10%, of total remedial action
costs from state cost-share funding in support of these cleanups. The SSCs provide a
legally binding framework for site cleanup activities, including the five required CERCLA
assurances from states along with administrative requirements for remedy execution. In
2018, EPA in collaboration with states nationwide, developed an updated model SSC that
is being used for all new SSCs. Region 4 has also developed a comprehensive standard
operating procedure for SSC Management and Administration for Region 4 staff.
70%
of SSCs in
Region 4
These SSCs provide
10%
of total
remedial
action
costs
4
from state cost-
sharing funding
45

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SEMD Training Program Updates
Workforce Development for Next Generation of Superfund
The Superfund program has well-established training curricula for the technical and
professional development of the knowledge, skills and abilities necessary to effectively
contribute to mission execution. During 2019, SEMD onboardedsix new remedial
project managers (RPMs) and two new OSCs, among other staff additions. RPMs and
OSCs are Superfund field personnel with multi-year journeyman periods to complete
a broad range of training requirements. Training includes classes, on-the-job training,
technical conferences/seminars and online learning. Region 4 hosted 14 separate
training courses in FY 2019, including two at the EPA lab in Athens, Georgia, and one at
SCDHEC offices in Columbia,South Carolina.
46
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6 new RPMs
O O O
n n n
o o
mn
2 new OSCs
training
courses
workshop
participants
o o o
ooo
Environmental Sampling and Analysis
Workshop for RAF Contractors
In 2019, SEMD provided ari Environmental Sampling and Analysis Workshop
for the 31 RAF contractors supporting Region 4. The workshop engaged
30 participants, including three RPMs, and covered planning, quality
assurance, data management, logistics, multi-media sampling techniques,
decontamination, sample custody and preparation, organic and inorganic
analysis, and data review, validation and reporting. The training was well
received and was the first training of its kind for many of the participants.
47

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Engagement with
Communities and
Our Tribal, State
and Local Partners
EPA has long recognized the importance of early and meaningful stakeholder participation
and will continue to enhance community and stakeholder engagement to promote
transparency, community support and more timely cleanup decisions.
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Community Outreach
SEMD works every day with other federal agencies, states, tribes and communities
to improve the health of American families and protect the environment. The more
communities are informed and involved in environmental decision making, the better.
Not only does community involvement give the public the ability to influence how a site is cleaned up and how
people are affected by Superfund process, the collaboration produces a better result for everyone, including the
environment.
SEMD's community engagement goals include ensuring transparency and accessibility in the Superfund decision-
making process, providing information and technical assistance that makes a difference for communities, and
producing site outcomes that are responsive to stakeholder concerns and aligned with community needs.
686
documents
in total
DID YOU KNOW?
To keep the public informed,SEMD creates
Administrative Records and makes site
documents available online.
Administrative Records document the basis for
a response and selection of the cleanup remedy
and acts as a vehicle for public participation in the
development of a response selection.
DURING 2019,
SEMD PRODUCED
THE FOLLOWING
ADMINISTRATIVE
RECORDS:
18 Remedial
Documents
5 Removal
Documents
4 Deletion
Dockets
SEMD ALSO MADE
THE FOLLOWING
DOCUMENTS
AVAILABLE ONLINE
IN 2019:
20 Fact Sheets
7 Community
Involvement Plans
5 RODs, ROD
Amendments and
Explanations of
Significant Differences
9 Five-Year Reviews
618 Other Documents
49
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Community-Wide
Engagement in Georgia
Addresses Several
Superfund Sites
There are four Superfund sites in
Brunswick, Georgia - Brunswick Wood
Preserving, Hercules 009 Landfill, LCP
Chemicals Georgia and Terry Creek
Dredge Spoil Areas/Hercules Outfall.
In 2019, SEMD supported a variety of
community engagement opportunities
in Brunswick to snare site updates and
address communitywide concerns.
A series of small-group meetings brought together
community members, elected officials and community
organizations such as First Mile, the Environmental
Justice Advisory Board, One Hundred Miles, and
the Glynn Environmental Coalition (GEC). Public
availability sessions facilitated discussions covering all
four sites. During the comment period for the outfall
ditch portion of the Terry Creek Dredge Spoil Areas/
Hercules Outfall site,SEMD gave a presentation to a
joint meeting of the City of Brunswick and Glynn County
governments. SEMD also shared progress updates with
the community regarding site investigations at the LCP
Chemicals Georgia site. Field work for the remedial
Protecting Children's
Health Remains a Vital
Part of EPA's Mission
SEMD is dedicated to protecting the
health of all of our citizens, from young
children to older adults. Protecting
children's health from environmental
pollutants has always been a major
concern for EPA.
SEMD continues to be committed to protecting all
children from environmental health threats,spills,
releases and Superfund sites by using strict public
health standards and evaluating and addressing risks.
We increase public awareness through reports, public
meetings and one-on-one discussions with stakeholders
in impacted communities.
During FY 2019, SEMD responded to nine residences
and a school where mercury spills occurred, with
the cleanups protecting the health of more than 600
children. Children are especially sensitive to health
impacts from exposure to mercury vapors that
emanate from mercury spills inside structures.
Childhood lead poisoning remains a major
environmental health problem in the United
States. At Superfund sites with lead contamination,
Region 4 continues to use a comprehensive, model-
based approach to assess lead exposure risks and
determine effective cleanup strategies to protect
children's health. SEMD led cleanups at more than
150 residential properties during FY 2019, protecting
the health of an estimated 275 children who would
be potentially exposed to lead in soils.
SEMD uses EPA's Children-Specific Exposure
Factors Handbook to ensure that the latest and
most-accurate information is used to guide the
assessments and cleanup activities that protect
children's health.
To learn more about EPA's continued commitment
to safeguarding children's health and improving their
environmental health outcomes, please visit www.epa.
gov/children/protecting-childrens-health-october-2019-
booklet.
investigation for the cell building
area and groundwater at the site is
now underway.
GEC receives and maintains
Technical Assistance Grants
(TAGs) for three of the
Superfund sites in Brunswick.
In 2019,SEMD approved time
extensions and funding increases for
all three TAGs. SEMD continues to
support GEC's efforts to inform the
community and work with EPA to
engage with stakeholders. GEC
hired a new technical advisor in
2019 and EPA staff participated
in a site flyover for the technical
advisor to help all parties gain a
better understanding of the layout
of the sites. In June 2019, GEC and
SEMD hosted a joint workshop to assist
the community in gaining a better understanding of the
Superfund process and how EPA uses risk assessments
in the Superfund program. SEMD plans to continue
engaging the community with future workshops,
availability sessions and other public meetings. The
GEC project manager was nationally recognized in 2.019
with the Citizen Excellence in Community Involvement
Award Recognizing Citizen Participation.
50
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Extensive Community
Outreach and Technical
Assistance Addressing
Environmental Justice
Priorities in North-
Central Mississippi
SEMD has provided additional
resources to the environmental
justice community near the Rockwell
International Wheel & Trim site in
Grenada, Mississippi. EPA hosted
several public meetings to update
residents on the remedial investigation
of groundwater contamination in their
neighborhood.
Community-Wide
Collaboration
Accom pany i ng
Sampling and Cleanup
Planning in Atlanta
In 2018, an Emory University doctoral
student shared data with EPA. The data
revealed elevated lead levels collected
in soil samples from Atlanta's Westside.
Region 4 Food Drive
Campaiign Leads the
Nation in 2019
SEMD led the Region 4 2019 Feds
Feed Families Campaign and it was a
tremendous success.
Feds Feed Families was created to help
food banks and pantries stay stocked
during summer months when they
2,449 POUNDS
A

traditionally see a decrease in donations and an
increase in need. EPA Region 4 exceeded the goal
of 10,000 pounds by 40 percent and led the Agency
nationwide. SEM D contributed 2,449 pounds of fresh
and nonperishable food and several SEMD staff were
recognized for their contributions.
O
0
OF FOOD CONTRIBUTED BY SEMD
40%
OVER THE GOAL
OF 10,000 POUNDS
SEMD adjusted the format of the
meetings in response to the
community's preferred method of
communication. Site staff also met
individually with residents and
focused educational presentations
on the overburdened community's
priorities related to the site. In 2019,
SEMD worked with EPA Headquarters
and the community to organize a Community
Advisory Group (CAG) and provide the
community with a technical advisor
through the Technical Assistance
for Communities (TASC) program.
The advisor will provide in-depth
information in a community-
friendly format and help site staff
communicate with area residents.
Additional research led to the discovery of
industrial smelting waste (slag) on at least
two lots near Elm Street. To get the word
out and engage the public, SEMD has
collaborated with city, county, state and
elected officials. EPA site staff members
have given presentations at several
community group meetings, held an
availabi lity session, and gone door-to-door
for permission to sample over 300yards in the
neighborhood. SEM D is performing sampling events in
the neighborhood to determine the extent of the lead
contamination and will begin cleanup in FY 2020.
51

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Partnering, Consulting
and Collaboration
SEMD works collaboratively with a diverse network of partners-affected communities, states, tribal and
local governments, nonprofits, private sector organizations and other federal agencies-to ensure the
protection of public health and the environment.
Partnerships Supporting Job Training and
Cleanup at Former Wood-Treating Site n Florida
SuperjTI Provides
Job Training
Opportunities
In March 2019,13
community members
completed EPA's
Superfund Job Training
Initiative (SuperjTI ) training
at the Fairfax Street Wood
Treaters site in Jacksonville, Florida.
Through a partnership with Northwest Jacksonville
Community Development Corp., SuperjTI provided local
job seekers with new skills. After a rigorous screening and
recruitment process, trainees earned three certifications
in hazardous waste and emergency response, CPR/first
aid, and OSHA construction safety courses. The trainees
also received professional development training. Site
contractors hired eight graduates to work on site.
EPA completed remaining cleanup activities-removal
and disposal of remaining impacted soil, removal
of concrete and pavement, and site grading and
restoration-in the fall of 2019. FDEP is now leading
cleanup activities for Fairfax North properties.
aSuperJTI'sgoal is to help communities create
job opportunities and partnerships that remain
long after site cleanups are completed.
A
~ 60,000 V51 s/60,000
tons of contaminated residences tons of clean backfill
soil taken away	remediated and top soil put in place
SEMD and FDEP
worked together
to quickly start
the remedial action
through an agreement
included in the SSC providing state
cost-share credit for site cleanup work
performed by the state.
State Partnership
and Remedial
Action Work
52
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Outposted OSCs Enabling Rapid Responses
and Increased Stakeholder Coordination
SEMD implemented its outpost program in July 2000. The benefits of outposting OSCs
include decreased response time within the outpost's areas of responsibility, generally
within a 150-mile radius of their duty stations, and increased outreach and planning
opportunities with state, tribal and local stakeholders. SEMD has OSCs stationed in
Mobile, Alabama,Tallahassee, Florida, Charlotte, North Carolina, and Jackson, Tennessee.
The Louisville, Kentucky outpost station is currently vacant.
USCG Gulf Strike Team Serving as a Vital Regional
Resource
The National Strike Force (NSF) is a Special Team established by the U.S. Coast Guard
and available to assist OSCs and RPMs in carrying out their preparedness and response
duties. The NSF includes three Strike Teams. Region 4 is fortunate in that the Gulf Strike
Team (GST) is based in Mobile, Alabama, and frequently supports our OSCs at emergency
response and removal sites across the Region. The GST most often fulfills the role of safety
officer at a site, but also offers a variety of additional expertise, including oil and hazardous
substance response and Incident Command System implementation.
on Role of Lead Region in
Upcoming FYs
SEMD will fulfill the role of Lead Region for Superfund and Homeland Security in FYs
2020 and 2021. In this role, SEMD is responsible for working with National Program
Managers, in this case EPA's Office of Land and Emergency Management and the Office
of Homeland Security, to identify and synthesize the views, concerns and priorities of all 10
EPA regions into a coherent "regional view" to assist the Agency in setting policy, guidance
and overall decision-making.
| Partneri ng Team at Marine Corps Installation
in North Carolina Accelerates Cleanup
At the Cherry Point Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS), an active Marine Corps installation
in Havelock, North Carolina, EPA, NCDEQ and the U.S. Navy work together under a
federal facility agreement to ensure human health and the environment are protected.
The installation began operations in 1942; EPA placed the site on the NPL in 1994 due to
>ntaminated groundwater, surface water, soil and sediment from installation operations.
The MCAS site partnering team meets three-to-four times a year as needed to identify innovative approaches,
successful technologies and management techniques that enable an accelerated site cleanup schedule. The most
recent success includes the initiation of a sitewide preliminary assessment and site investigation of over 100
potential PFAS locations on the 13,164-acre base. The preliminary assessment identified several potential sites.
Detailed site investigations are underway to determine a path forward for cleanup, if required, to ensure the
MCAS site remains protective of human health and the environment. The team also meets regularly with other site
stakeholders, ensuring the continued development and achievement of shared goals for the site.
53
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Partnering,
Collaborating and
Putt i ng Sites i n to
Reuse
SEMD is committed to improving the health and livelihood of Americans by cleaning up
and returning land to productive use. In addition to protecting human health and the
environment through the Superfund program, Region 4 partners with stakeholders to
encourage redevelopment opportunities at Superfund sites. SEMD helps communities
and cleanup managers consider redevelopment during cleanup planning and evaluate
remedies already in place to ensure appropriate redevelopment at sites. In addition,
EPA participates in partnerships with communities and encourages opportunities to
support Superfund Redevelopment projects that emphasize environmental and economic
sustainability.
Considering reuse engages communities, helps protect remedies, fosters long-term
stewardship, identifies faster and lower-cost cleanups, informs land use controls, provides
environmental benefits, and enables economic opportunities. Through Superfunc
Redevelopment, challenges turn into opportunities.
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Transforming Si tes into
Community Assets
Record Year for SWRAU Designations in Region 4
In FY 2019, SEMD went above and beyond its target of five sitewide ready for reuse (SWRAU)
designations, attaining a record-breaking 10 such designations. Three of the Region 4 sites that
achieved SWRAU status in FY 2019 are highlighted below.
STATION 9APR71QY
Airco Plating
(Miami, Florida)
The metal-plating operation at the
site is expanding its facilities and a
second business has begun metal
fabrication activities there as well,
American Brass
(Headland, Alabama)
This 14.8-acre property is partially
in agricultural use for peanut
production. The Academy of Model
Aeronautics is interested in reusing
part of the site as a flying field for
model aircraft.
What Is SWRAU?
This EPA performance measure reflects the importance of considering
future land use as part of the cleanup process by tracking the number
of sites meeting the following criteria:
All aspects of the cleanup are in place and have been achieved
for any media that may affect current and reasonably anticipated
future land uses, so that there are no unacceptable risks.
All land use restrictions or other controls required as part of the
cleanup are in place.
Sites are final or deleted N PL sites, or Superfund Alternative
Approach (SAA) sites, that have reached the construction
completion milestone.
Pepper Steel & Alloys
(Medley, Florida)
EPA, FDEP and the Miami-
Dade County Department
of Environmental Resources
Management (DERM) worked
diligently with the bona fide
prospective purchaser of the
site's northern parcel to support
a large-scale redevelopment that
is compatible with the remedy.
A recreational boat company
completed construction of a boat
manufacturing and sales facility
on the site's northern parcel in fall
2019. A developer has also acquired
the site's western parcel. Its reuse
will complement ongoing uses at
the site, which include a heavy
equipment parts supplier on the
eastern parcel and truck and trailer
parking on the southern parcel.
•11298
55
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RfR Determination Signed for Former
Wood-Treating Site in Florida
In December 2018, EPA and FDEP co-signed a Ready
for Reuse Determination for the Escambia Wood-
Pensacola Superfund site in Pensacola, Florida. The
environmental status report summarizes site history,
cleanup actions and the remedy's compatibility with
commercial and industrial uses. The local government
is using the RfR Determination to educate prospective
developers about the site. To date, Superfund
Redevelopment has supported 23 RfR Determinations
nationwide.



&EPA

the U.S. Environmental
ESCAMBIA WOOD - PENSACOLA SUPERFUND SITE
IS READY FOR COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL USE



m&=

DID YOU KNOW?
EPA has placed a high priority
on expediting site cleanups and
moving sites toward deletion from
the NPL, enabling communities to
return them to safe and productive
use.
As of 2019, there are 1,757 sites on
the NPL nationwide. Of these sites,
424 have been deleted and 81 sites
have been partially deleted from
the NPL.
In Region 4,
• 63 sites have been deleted
from the NPL
	•<
« 11 sites have been partially deleted
from the NPL
In Region 4 in 2019,
• 1 site was deleted
from the NPL
v 2 sites were partially deleted
from the NPL
15%
OF REGION 4
SUPERFUND
SITES DELETED
FROM THE NPL
X
1
14%
OF REGION 4
SUPERFUND
SITES PARTIALLY
DELETED FROM
THENPL
56
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Sites in Use and Reuse in Region 4
NORTH CAROLINA
SOUTH
CAROLINA
MISSISSIPPI
ALABAMA
IN REUSE
IN CONTINUED
IN REUSE AND IN CONTINUED USE
57

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he Economics of Superfund
Redevelopment fin Region 4
The cleanup and reuse of Superfund sites often restores
value to site properties and surrounding communities
that have been negatively affected by contamination.
Site redevelopment can revitalize a local economy with
jobs, new businesses, tax revenues and local spending.
Through programs like the Superfund Redevelopment Initiative,SEMD helps
communities reclaim cleaned-up Superfund sites. Factoring future use of
Superfund sites into the cleanup process promotes their safe redevelopment.
In addition, SEMD works closely with state and local officials to remove
barriers that have kept many Superfund sites underused. SEMD works to
ensure that businesses on properties being cleaned up under Superfund can
continue operating in a way that protects human health and the environment
during site investigations and cleanup work. This continuity enables these
businesses to remain open and serve as a source of jobs for communities.
Superfund sites across Region 4 are home to industrial and commercial
parks, retail centers, car dealerships, government offices, and
neighborhoods. Many sites continue to host industrial operations such
as large-scale manufacturing facilities. Other sites support natural
areas, parks and recreational facilities.
Site Reuse in
Action in
Region 4
Davis Timber
Company
: Hattiesbwrg,
Mississippi)
Following cleanup
of this former wood-
treating facility, an
animal shelter and dog
park are located on site.
Other site uses include
parking, connections to
an adjacent recreation
trail and restored
habitat for pollinators.
The animal shelter
provides over
$80,000
in estimated annual
income and
generates
OVER
$300,000
in estimated
annual sales.
i c
Bffl
On-site businesses and
organizations at current and
former Region 4 Superfund sites
provide an estimated
*9*334
jobs
and contribute an estimated
$1.2 BILLION
in annual employment
income.
Sites in reuse and continued use
in Region 4 generate
$10.2 MILLION
in annual property
tax revenues for local
governments.
58
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Connecting Communities,
Sharing Information
Communities and EPA's local, state, tribal and
federal partners rely on accurate Superfund program
information. SEMD staff also rely on access to
Im comprehensive information generated during the
¦ program's environmental restoration efforts. We
f work hard to make sure this information is up-to-date,
^	transparent and easily accessible, serving as a vital and
valued shared resource.
SEMD has invested substantial resources over the
long term to effectively manage and provide program
information to EPA staff and share this information
with states, communities and other interested parties.
To accomplish this goal, we focus on providing
Superfund communities with timely, comprehensive
information resources and enhancing the program's
website.

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New and Updated Materials Highlight Reuse
Opportunities and Success Stories across Region 4
Ready for Reuse and Continued Use Fact Sheets
SEMD updated 22 Reuse, Continued Use, and Ready for
Reuse fact sheets and drafted seven new fact sheets
during FY 2019. These fact sheets provide clear, easy-to-
read overviews of a site's reuse status, cleanup status
and redevelopment opportunity/potential. The new
fact sheets highlight Superfuna sites in South Carolina,
Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama and Florida.
The 288-acre Illinois Central
Railroad Company's
Johnston Yard site in
Memphis, Tennessee, is an
active railyard. It includes
a locomotive fueling and
servicing center and a freight
car repair facility. Cleanup is
ongoing.
EPA is currently addressing
residential soil contamination
in three North Birmingham,
Alabama neighborhoods.
By the end of FY 2019,475
properties will have been
cleaned up at the 35th Avenue
site. More than 50,000 tons of
contaminated soil have been
excavated and sent for disposal
at an approved off-site landfill.
Under current conditions,
EPA anticipates that cleanup
activities will finish by 2023.
The fact sheet includes
innovative infographics that
help tell the site's story.
Region 4 Ready for Reuse fact sheets are
available online at www.epa.gov/superfund-
redevelopment-initiative/sites-ready-reuse-fact-
sheets.
Milan Army
Ammunition Plant site
Illinois Central Railroad
Company's Johnston Yard site
Thanks to an innovative
cleanup agreement,
the Former Spellman
Engineering site in
Orlando is now home
to a school's athletic
fields, commercial
and industrial areas,
parking lots and a
park. Potential future
redevelopment
opportunities at
the site include
additional commercial
development as well
as recreation areas and
public transit-oriented
projects.
North
Birmingham,
Alabama site
60
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Townsend
Saw Chain
Co. site A
GAO
144-Zonolite
Road site
The 22,357-acre Milan Army Ammunition
Plant site in Milan, Tennessee, is an active
military installation used to store munitions
and provide support services for U.S. Army
National Guard and Reserve units. Long term
groundwater cleanup is ongoing.
Cleanup and mixed-
use revitalization
have transformed
the Calhoun
Park Area site
in Charleston,
South Carolina. An
electrical substation
continues to provide
electricity to most
of downtown
Charleston. New
uses after cleanup
include a shopping
center, the South
Carolina Aquarium,
green space, a ferry
terminal, parking
and restored
shorelines.
Former
Calhoun
Park Area
Following cleanup,
the 16-acre GAO
144-Zonolite
Road site in
Atlanta is now
home to Zonolite
Park. The Creekside
greenway and
community park
includes walking
trails, a pollinator
garden, bird-
watching resources,
picnic tables,
restored old-growth
forest, wetland
garden and native
meadow habitat.
The 400-acre
Townsend Saw
Chain Co. site
in Pontiac, South
Carolina, is home
to commercial
and industrial
uses. They include
a manufacturer
and supplier of
fuel injection
equipment, a
veterinary hospital,
a kennel, a hotel,
an auto-body
shop, an industrial
park, two retail
stores, a gas station
and restaurants.
Groundwater
cleanup is ongoing.
61
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Site Redevelopment
Site redevelopment profile fact sheets provide
an overview of contaminated or formerly
contaminated sites and their paths toward
supporting beneficial reuse.
In FY 2019, SEMD shared the recreational reuse success at the Arlington
Blending & Packaging site in Arlington,Tennessee. Following cleanup,
the site is now home to Mary Alice Neighborhood Park. The park
includes sports fields, playgrounds, exercise stations, off-leash dog
areas, walking and biking trails, a basketball court, nature area/
interpretive walking areas, a picnic area and an area to host special
events. The site's redevelopment enhanced EPA's selected remedy and
revitalized the property and the surrounding neighborhood.
Site redevelopment profiles for all Regions, including Region 4, are
available online atwww.epa.gov/superfund-redevelopment-initiative/
superfund-redevelopment-initiative-success-stories.
Taking a Closer Look
Putting Sites to Work, a region-
wide report looking at the
beneficial effects of Superfund
site reuse across the Southeast, is
available online:
www.epa.gov/superfund-
redevelopment-initiative/
redevelopment-economics-
superfund-sites#regional.
—0
OVER 500
businesses
19,662
jobs
$7.4 BILLION
in annual sales
- 7 —"
—1


Economic Impacts
of Cleanup and
Reuse
The cleanup and reuse of Superfund sites
often restores value to site properties and
surrounding communities that have been
negatively affected by contamination.
Site redevelopment can revitalize a local
economy with jobs, new businesses, tax
revenues and local spending.
In 2018, EPA took a closer look at these
benefits. Superfund sites across Region
4 are home to commercial facilities,
shopping centers, offices and residential
areas. Many sites continue to host
industrial and manufacturing operations.
Other sites host parks, recreation areas
and wildlife refuges.
More than 550 on-site businesses and
organizations on current and former
Superfund sites in Region 4 provide
19,622 jobs, contribute an estimated $1.3
billion in annual employment income
for residents across the Southeast, and
generate an estimated $7.4 billion in
annual sales. Restored site properties
in Region 4 generate $10 million in
annual property tax revenues for local
governments.
PUTTING SITES TO WORK
How Superfund Redevelopment in the Southeost Region
Is Making a Difference in Communities
62
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June 2019 Webinar Highlights
Mixed-Use Redevelopment
Success in Georgia
SEMD staff participated in this national EPA webinar,
which introduced Superfund Redevelopment for EPA's
community involvement coordinators.
SEMD staff highlighted cleanup arid redevelopment outcomes at the
Woolfolk Chemical Works, Inc. site in Fort Valley, Georgia. For more than
60 years, agricultural pesticides were produced on site; these operations
resulted in contamination of soil and groundwater as well as homes. EPA
cleaned up site soil and residential properties and eliminated the source of
groundwater contamination. Today, the homes once affected by the site's
contamination remain in use. Fort Valley's library, office space and welcome
center stand as a testament to the successful collaboration between EPA and
the community.
EPA continues to work with the community to integrate local reuse priorities
as part of the cleanup for remaining parts of the site. A bus company reuses
a paved portion of the site to park buses. The City of Fort Valley also hosts
several local festivals on site, including the ComSouth Hambone Jam and
an annual fall festival. As of December 2018, EPA had data on seven on-
site businesses. These businesses employed 53 people and generated an
estimated $11.6 million in annual sales revenue.
Georgia Environmental Conference Discussion
Highlights South Carolina Redevelopment Project
The purchaser and EPA
have developed a remedial
approach that will allow the
deletion of much of the site
from the N PL (thus allowing
it to proceed through South
Carolina's Voluntary Cleanup
Program) based on technical
impracticability. The agreed-
upon remedy, which must be
implemented prior to the site's
removal from the NPL, also
involves about $30 million of
cleanup work. The work will
be implemented through an
Administrative Order on Consent
with the purchaser. This strategy
will leverage $30 million in
private funds to upgrade the
industrial remedy completed in
2003 to support and facilitate the
Magnolia redevelopment project.
troutman
house
Welcome Center |j
Fort Valley
Main Street/DDA
Peach County
Chamber of Commerce
Development Authority
of Peach County
Georgia Peach Festival I
At this August 2019 conference, SEMD staff hosted a
display booth highlighting Superfund Redevelopment
and participated in a case study discussion looking at the
mixed-use Magnolia redevelopment project proposed
for the Koppers Co., Inc. Superfund site and surrounding
areas along the Ashley River in Charleston, South
Carolina.
63
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In Closing
<-
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FY 2019 Awards
Every year, SEMD seeks opportunities to recognize the remarkable efforts that
sustain continued uses at Superfund sites and return Superfund sites to use. Through
our Excellence in Site Reuse award, we honor the hard work and partnerships that
make site reuse possible.
From Leaking Storage Tanks to
Responsible Environmental Management and Green Practices in Florida
In June 2019, EPA Region 4 presented its Excellence in Site Reuse award to Piper Aircraft (above) to recognize
the general aviation company's efforts to efficiently clean up the Piper Aircraft Corp./Vero Beach Water & Sewer
Department Superfund site in Vero Beach, Florida, while also cultivating a "green" culture at the site.
In 1975, the facility began manufacturing airplanes and using an on-site underground storage tank for chemicals
used in the assembly process. Soil and groundwater contamination resulted from a leak in an underground storage
tank containing trichloroethylene(TCE). In 1978, investigations found ICE and related breakdown products in
on-site groundwater, as well as in a city well downgradient and across the street from the property. EPA placed the
80-acre site on the NPL in 1990, With EPA and FDEP oversight, Piper Aircraft, the site's potentially responsible party,
leads site cleanup activities. The remedy includes removal and treatment of contaminated source soil, groundwater
treatment and institutional controls, which limit groundwater use and restrict site land uses to industrial uses.
Throughout remedial efforts, Piper Aircraft has worked diligently with EPA and FDEP site oversight teams not
only on the required cleanup but also on broader efforts to cultivate a "green" culture at the facility. The company
actively improves environmental management through product stewardship, energy and water conservation,
pollution prevention, waste reduction and recycling efforts. The company reduced EPA's long-term stewardship
responsibilities through these efforts and coordinated cleanup design to ensure its compatibility with the site's
continued use. Piper Aircraft continues to be a good neighbor in the community, protecting human health and the
environment while also supporting the local economy.
Today, the site remains home to Piper Aircraft's manufacturing facility for small commuter and business aircraft as
well as several airport support businesses.
65
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SEMD Staff Excellence
In 2019, the remarkable efforts and dedication of SEMD staff were recognized with a
range of national and regional awards.
Regional Honor Awards

SEMD
Recipients
Milan Army
Ammunition
Plant (MLAAP)
Site Team
Exceptional
leadership and
performance
in achieving
sitewide ready for
anticipated use
(SWRAU) status for
21,434 acres at the
MLAAP installation.
SEMD
Recipient
National
rwwwi
Tl Waiver
Priority List
Team
Hazardous &

Recognition for
Radioactive
nUn
the scientific
Waste Site
UUUIILJU
complexities
Exemplary
8
successfully
leadership,
addressed with
dedication to
SEMD
outstanding
EPA's mission,
Recipients
teamwork and
and outstanding

collaboration in
assistance to

achieving these
colleagues in

results in away that
completing site

establishes a robust
five-year reviews.

science process for
future Tl waiver
proposals.

7
SEMD
Recipients
RAF ESO Early Adopter
Pilot Team
Recognition for work leading the
nation in planning,developing,
executing and awarding the first
task order in the nation under
the national Superfund Remedial
Acquisition Framework.

3
SEMD
Recipients
Region 4 Realignment/
Reorganization Team
Recognition for the
administration of Region 4's
realignment/reorganization
resulting in a successful Region-
wide implementation.
National Honor Award

Disaster Response Dashboard Development and Implementation Team
For leading a paradigm shift in Region 4's process for disaster response data management during
hurricanes Florence and Michael.
*3
SEMD
Recipients
66
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National Notable Achievement Award
SEMD
Recipient
Community
rwwwi
Superfund
Involvement
Remediation
Coordinator
Enforcement,
of the Year
W
Financial
For always
biMiu
Management
going above and
uuuuuu
Team -
beyond to ensure
3
SEMD
Recipients
Hurricane
meaningful
Irma Finance
community
Support Team
involvement

Exemplary and
within the diverse

exceptional
communities in

customer service
Region 4.

for the EPA and
FEMA response to
Hurricane Irma.
SEMD
Recipient
Superfund
Individual of
the Year
Outstanding
technical support
in the areas of risk
assessment, field
investigations
and teamwork in
Region 4 and other
EPA Regions.
<3:
7
SEMD
Recipients
1
SEMD
Recipient
Outstanding Environmental Justice
Achievement Award - Southside
Chattanooga Lead Superfund Site
Team
For their work to gain widespread support for
implementation of a Superfund remedy in historically
underserved communities in Chattanooga,
Tennessee.
National Federal Facility Excellence
in Site Reuse Award ana Region 4 SRI
20th Anniversary Award -
Cecil Field BRAC Team
Exemplary team success, working together to restore
the installation in a manner that protects public
health and the environment, serves as a catalyst for
economic growth and community revitalization,
while setting the standard for successful remediation
and redevelopment.

SEMD
Recipients
Regional
Science-
Region 4
Ecological
Risk
Assessment
Team
Exemplary scientific
knowledge and
collaboration in
the development
of supplemental
guidance for
ecological risk
assessments.
total SEMD
recipients
67
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Redevelopment Successes at Florida Federal Facility
Recogn ized with National EPA Awards
In 2019, EPA also recognized the Former Naval Air Station Cecil Field Superfund site
in Jacksonville, Florida, as the recipient of Superfund Redevelopment Initiative (SRI)
20th Anniversary Award as well as the national Federal Facility Excellence in Site
Reuse Award.
The 17,225-acre former Naval Air Station now hosts Cecil Airport, which serves corporate aircraft, general aviation,
air cargo, and National Guard and Reserve aviation operations, as well as the City of Jacksonville's Cecil Commerce
Center, which is home to more than 31 million square feet of commercial and industrial space. Cecil Airport and Cecil
Commerce Center have had significant impacts on job creation and economic development in the Jacksonville area.
Today, more than 6,225 people are employed at Cecil Airport and facilities in Cecil Commerce Center. Cecil Airport
ranks first among general aviation airports in Florida for total employment and payroll and second in total economic
impact.
REDEVELOPMENT FEATURES
i.			j
Utility upgrades	M .'.,V	j- New fire station
Building demolition
and renovation
Improvement of
existing hangars and
development of new
hangars
Lake Fretwell
expansion
Florida Community
College of Jacksonville
campus
Roadway construction/
realignment
Gopher tortoise
mitigation
Equestrian center and
recreation complex
Cecil Field Spaceport
68
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EPA continues to be a
collaborative
remediating our region's
most contaminated sites.
The redevelopment of
the Former Naval Air
Station	Cecil
as a catalyst for eco
growth	and
m the Jacksonville area.
- EPA REGION 4 ADMINISTRATOR
MARY S. WALKER

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Looking Ahead: FY 2020
As SEMD leans forward, we remain focused on addressing some of the most
contaminated sites across the Southeast. Many of our sites are large and complex
and require a significant amount of resources to ensure the protectiveness of human
health and the environment. SEMD will continue to work to implement and integrate
the Superfund Task Force recommendations within our cadre of tools in remediating
sites and advancing cleanup, as well as strike a balance of resource shifts and
workload adjustments.
In FY 2020, Region 4 begins its tour serving as Lead Region with two coordinators, one focused on remedial
efforts and the other on homeland security and emergency response efforts. Having served as a national leader
across many of the Agency's priority areas of focus, SEMD will share our expertise at the national level, ensuring
consistency across the Regions in addressing and preventing contamination. In FY 2020, SEMD will also continue
to embrace our efforts to streamline operations and improve efficiencies, as well as capitalize on opportunities to
incorporate innovative practices.
Areas of focus for SEMD in FY 2020 include:
¦ fiLi»\
.-.j	Advancing cleanup and remediation.
om®
Increasing the number of sites returned to beneficial use.
Increasing Sitewide Ready for Anticipated Use completions.
.11
Accelerating Superfund site deletions.

Implementing Superfund Task Force recommendations.
<-
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Continuing deployment of the EPA Lean management system
in Superfund.
4^9^ Strengthening partnerships with prospective purchasers in
qHpr support of redevelopment opportunities.
MGI	Increasing capabilities in emergency response and preparedness.

Continuing to hold responsible properties accountable.
m
Using sound science in remedy selection.
Maximizing resource utilization and implementing a new
contracting paradigm.
Maintaining meaningful engagement with communities and
j stakeholders.
In FY 2020, SEMD looks forward to strengthening our partnerships, increasing
communities' trust in our commitment to the Agency's mission, and pursuing
opportunities where innovation can play a vital role in expediting cleanup and
remediation.
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Printed on 100% recycled/recyclable paper
w't'1 m'n'mum 2S% post-consumer fiber.
EPA 904/R-20/002 | December 2019
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