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Documentation for the 2005 Mobile National
Emissions Inventory, Version 2
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EP A-454/B-20-021
December 2008
Documentation for the 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
Prepared by:
Assessment and Standards Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
And
E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.
3622 Lyckan Parkway, Suite 2005
Durham, NC 27707
Prepared for:
Emissions Inventory Group (D205-01)
Emissions, Monitoring and Analysis Division
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Contract No. EP-D-07-097
Work Order No. 1-01
Pechan Report No. 08.09.002/9016.201
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Air Quality Assessment Division
Research Triangle Park, NC
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CONTENTS
Page
TABLES v
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS vii
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT? 1
1.2 WHAT CATEGORIES ARE COVERED IN THIS REPORT? 2
1.3 IIOW IS THIS REPORT ORGANIZED? 2
2.0 SUMMARY OF 2005 NONROAD AND ONROAD MOBILE METHODOLOGIES 3
2.1 WHAT ARE THE GENERAL METHODOLOGIES EPA USED TO DEVELOP
PREVIOUS MOBILENEIS? 3
2.2 WHAT IS THE BASIS FOR THE 2005 MOBILE NEI, VERSION 1? 3
2.2.1 QA 3
2.3 HOW HAVE 2005 MOBILE EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED FROM THE
2005 MOBILE NEI, VERSION 1? 12
2.3.1 Basis for 2005 Mobile NEI, Version 2 12
2.3.2 QA 15
2.3.3 Onroad Mobile Pollutant Emission Comparisons 15
2.3.4 NONROAD Model Pollutant Emission Comparisons 16
3.0 \ VIIVI 18
3.1 \ VIIVI METHODOLOGY 18
3.1.1 Introducti on and Overvi ew 18
3.1.2 How NMIM Works 19
3.1.3 How NMIM Runs Mobile6 19
3.1.4 How NMIM Runs NONROAD 23
3.1.5 Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM 24
3.1.6 Source Categories for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM 26
3.2 THE NMIM COUNTY DATABASE 28
3.2.1 Database Structure 28
3.2.2 Onroad WIT 29
3.2.2.1 Annual 30
3.2.2.2 Monthly Allocation 43
3.2.3 Fuel Properties 45
3.2.3.1 Gasoline 45
3.2.3.2 Diesel and Natural Gas 47
3.2.4 Environmental Data 51
3.2.4.1 Temperature and Humidity 51
3.2.4.2 Altitude and Barometric Pressure 54
3.2.5 Nonroad-Specific Parameters 54
3.2.6 Onroad Local Emission Control Programs 56
3.2.6.1 Inspection and Maintenance Programs 56
3.2.6.2 Anti-Tampering Programs 56
3.2.6.3 Low Emitting Vehicle Programs 57
3.2.6.4 Refueling Emission Control Programs 57
3.2.7 Onroad Fleet and Activity 58
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3.2.7.1 Age Distribution 58
3.2.7.2 Diesel Sales Fractions 59
3.2.7.3 Average Speeds 60
3.2.7.4 Annual Mileage Accumulation Rates 60
3.2.7.5 Trips Per Day 61
3.2.7.6 Trip Length Distribution 61
3.2.7.7 Hourly Distribution of Engine Starts 62
3.2.7.8 Hourly Distribution of Vehicle Miles Traveled 62
3.2.7.9 Soak Time Distribution 62
3.2.7.10 Diurnal Activity Distribution 63
3.2.7.11 Hot Soak Distribution 63
3.2.8 NMIM Toxic Emission Factors 64
3.2.8.1 Gaseous HAPs 64
3.2.8.2 PA I Is 65
3.2.8.3 Metals, Dioxins, and Furans 66
4.0 2002 MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING Mil 67
4.1 HOW WERE STAGE II ONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS DEVELOPED? .. 67
4.2 HOW WERE STAGE IINONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS DEVELOPED? 67
4.3 REPORTING OF MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING 68
4.4 QA PROCEDURES 68
5.0 REFERENCES 69
APPENDIX A. LOCAL DATA FOR NMIM COUNTY DATABASE A-1
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
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TABLES
Table 1-1. 2005 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 2 1
Table 2-la. Methods Used to Develop Emission Estimates for Onroad Vehicle Sources 4
Table 2-lb. Methods Used to Develop Annual Emission Estimates for Nonroad Mobile
Sources 6
Table 2-2. Summary of Onroad and Nonroad 2002 and 2005 NMIM Data Submissions 13
Table 2-3. Comparison of 2005 Onroad Mobile NEI, Version 1 and Version 2 16
Table 2-4. Comparison of 2005 NONROAD Model NEI, Version 1 and Version 2 17
Table 3-1. The 18 Vehicle Class-roadway Type Combinations in NMIM 22
Table 3-2. The MOBILE6 Calendar Years and Evaluation Months That Are Used by NMIM to
Produce an Inventory for Each Month of a Given Year, Y 23
Table 3-3. Hydrocarbon Forms Available from NMIM (MOBILE6 User Guide) 24
Table 3-4. List of Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM 25
Table 3-5a. The 12 Vehicle Classes That Correspond to SCCs 27
Table 3-5b. The 28 MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes and the 12 Vehicle Classes Corresponding to
SCCs That Are Output by NMIM 27
Table 3-6. 12 Roadway Types 28
Table 3-7. NONROAD Model Equipment Segments 28
Table 3-8. Tables in the NMIM County Database (NCD) 29
Table 3-9. HPMS 2005 VMT Fractions by Road Types and Vehicle Categories 35
Table 3-10. Mapping of HPMS Vehicle Categories to MOBILE6, MOBILE5, and SCC-Level
Vehicle Classes 36
Table 3-11. VMT Fractions by MOBILE6 Vehicle Categories 37
Table 3-12. Allocation of VMT from HPMS Vehicle Categories to MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes
for 2005 38
Table 3-13. List of States or Counties with State or Locally-Provided VMT in the 2002 NEI.. 39
Table 3-14. Calculation and Application of 2002 to 2005 Growth Factors for an Example
County 41
Table 3-15. Mapping of MOBILE6 to MOBILE5 Vehicle Classes 42
Table 3-16. NMIM Default VMT Seasonal and Monthly Temporal Allocation Factors 44
Table 3-17. Survey Cities and 2000 Diesel Sulfur Values 48
Table 3-18. City Mapping and Weights for Diesel Sulfur 48
Table 3-19. Nonroad Diesel Sulfur Levels by Category and by State 51
Table 3-20. Nonroad Specific Parameters Provided by State 55
Table 4-1. Stage II HAP Speciation Profiles Applied to VOC Emissions 67
Table A-l. List of I/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the 2005 National Emission
Inventory A-2
Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies A-5
Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005 A-l 1
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies A-17
Table A-5. 25-Year Trend of Vehicle Registrations And New Sales in Puerto Rico A-27
Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies A-28
Table A-7. Average Speeds by Road Type and Vehicle Type A-32
Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies A-33
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Table A-9. Trip Length Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies A-40
Table A-10. Vehicle Miles Traveled by Hour of the Day Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies A-41
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AAMA
Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers of America
ALVW
adjusted loaded vehicle weight
ASOS
Automated Surface Observing System
AWOS
Automated Weather Observing System
BTS
Bureau of Transportation Statistics
CAP
criteria air pollutant
CASRN
Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers
CNG
compressed natural gas
CO
carbon monoxide
DOE
Department of Energy
DOT
Department of Transportation
EC
elemental carbon
EDMS
Emissions and Dispersion and Modeling System
EGAS
Economic Growth Analysis System
EIG
Emission Inventory Group
EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ERG
Eastern Research Group, Inc
ETBE
ethyl tertiary butyl ether
ETOH
ethanol
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration
FHWA
Federal Highway Administration
FID
flame ionization detection
FIPS
Federal Information Processing System
GIS
geographic information system
GSE
ground support equipment
GUI
graphical user interface
GVWR
gross vehicle weight rating
HAPs
hazardous air pollutants
HC
hydrocarbons
HDDV
heavy duty diesel vehicle
HDGV
heavy duty gasoline vehicle
HHDDV
heavy heavy-duty vehicle
HPMS
Highway Performance Monitoring System
I/M
inspection and maintenance
LDDT
light duty diesel truck
LDGT
light duty gasoline truck
LDDV
light duty diesel vehicle
LDGV
light duty gasoline vehicle
LDV
light duty vehicle
LEV
low emission vehicle
LHDDV
light heavy-duty diesel vehicle
LPG
liquefied petroleum gas
LTO
landing and take-off
LVW
loaded vehicle weight
MC
motorcycle
MHDDV
medium heavy-duty diesel vehicle
mph
miles per hour
MTBE
methyl tertiary butyl ether
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NAPAP National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program
NCD NMIM County Database
NCDC National Climatic Data Center
NEI National Emissions Inventory
NGV natural gas vehicle
NH3 ammonia
NIF NEI Input Format
NMHC nonmethane hydrocarbons
NMIM National Mobile Inventory Model
NMOG nonmethane organic gases
NOx oxides of nitrogen
NWS National Weather Service
OC organic carbon
OTAQ Office of Transportation and Air Quality
PADDs Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts
PAH polyaromatic hydrocarbons
Pb lead
Pechan E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.
PM particulate matter
PM10 particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal
10 micrometers
PM2.5 particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal
2.5 micrometers
psi pounds per square inch
QA quality assurance
REMSAD Regional Modeling System for Aerosols and Deposition
RFG reformulated gasoline
RVP Reid vapor pressure
SCC source classification code
SEMCOG South Eastern Michigan Council of Governments
SIC standard industrial classification (code)
SIP State implementation plan
S/L/T State, local, and tribal
SO2 sulfur dioxide
SO4 sulfate
SOA secondary organic aerosol
STEEM Ship Traffic, Energy, and Environmental Model
TAME tertiary amyl methyl ether
THC total hydrocarbons
TOG total organic gases
U.S. United States
VOC volatile organic compounds
VMT vehicle miles traveled
WO winter oxygenate
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The National Emissions Inventory (NEI) is a comprehensive inventory covering criteria
pollutants and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) for the 50 United States (U.S.), Washington DC,
Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands. The NEI was created by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's (EPA's) Emission Inventory Group (EIG) in Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina.
The NEI will be used to support air quality modeling, rule development, international reporting,
air quality trends analysis, and other activities. To this end, the EPA established a goal to
compile comprehensive emissions data in the NEI for criteria and HAPs for nonroad mobile,
onroad mobile, point, and nonpoint sources.
1.1 WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT?
This report summarizes the procedures EPA used to estimate annual emissions for the onroad
mobile sector and a portion of the nonroad sector of EPA's 2005 final NEI, also referred to as the
2005 NEI Version 2. Relevant activities for preparing Version 1 of the mobile sector 2005 NEI
are also summarized.
The nonroad sector is comprised of nonroad engines in EPA's NONROAD model, as well as
other engines not modeled in NONROAD, including aircraft, commercial marine vessels, and
locomotives. This report only addresses those nonroad categories included in EPA's
NONROAD model. Methodologies for other nonroad categories are documented in a separate
report entitled "Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, and Locomotive, and Other Nonroad
Components of the National Emissions Inventory" (ERG, 2005). For most of these source
categories, EPA used the 2002 NEI Version 4 estimates. However, some of these estimates have
been updated. Check the 2005 NEI website for the most recent information.
A summary of national annual onroad mobile and NONROAD model criteria pollutant emissions
as calculated for the 2005 mobile NEI, Version 2 is provided in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1. 2005 Mobile National Emissions
Inventory, Version 2
Pollutant
Onroad Emissions,
tpy
NONROAD Emissions,
tpy
voc
4,194,811
2,826,714
NOx
6,386,627
2,051,998
CO
49,716,705
21,246,993
PM10-PRI
181,073
213,458
PM25-PRI
125,075
203,956
S02
146,200
198,579
NH3
309,808
1,999
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1.2 WHAT CATEGORIES ARE COVERED IN THIS REPORT?
The "onroad vehicles" category includes motorized vehicles that are normally operated on public
roadways. This includes passenger cars, motorcycles, minivans, sport-utility vehicles, light-duty
trucks, heavy-duty trucks, and buses.
NONROAD model categories include recreational marine and land-based vehicles, farm and
construction machinery, industrial, commercial, logging, and lawn and garden equipment.
Aircraft ground support equipment (GSE) and rail maintenance equipment are also included in
NONROAD. These equipment are powered by compression-ignition engines, which are
typically diesel-fueled, as well as spark-ignition or gasoline-fueled engines. Compressed natural
gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) engines may also power certain types of nonroad
equipment.
1.3 HOW IS THIS REPORT ORGANIZED?
Chapter 2 provides an overview of the procedures used to develop the 2005 nonroad and onroad
mobile emission estimates, as well as a summary of methodologies used for developing historic
year mobile emission estimates. Chapter 3 presents a discussion of EPA's National Mobile
Inventory Model (NMIM), as well as a description of the inputs used in the NMIM County
Database (NCD). Chapter 4 describes the procedures used to estimate mobile source refueling
(i.e., Stage II) emission estimates.
The report also includes Appendix A, which contains a detailed listing of the local inputs used
for the NCD as referenced in Chapter 3.
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2.0 SUMMARY OF 2005 NONROAD AND ONROAD MOBILE
METHODOLOGIES
This section provides an overview of the methods used to develop the 2005 NEI Versions 1
and 2. Though the focus of this documentation is on describing the methodologies and data used
for 2005, section 2.1 of this document provides an overview of methodologies used for
developing historic year mobile emission estimates, including onroad and all nonroad mobile
categories.
2.1 WHAT ARE THE GENERAL METHODOLOGIES EPA USED TO
DEVELOP PREVIOUS MOBILE NEIS?
Criteria air pollutant (CAP) emission estimates for mobile sources have been developed for the
years 1970, 1975, and 1978 through 2002, and 2005. HAP emission estimates for mobile
sources have been prepared for the years 1990, 1996, 1999, 2002, and 2005. Table 2-la provides
a summary of the methods used for preparing current base year (2005) and historic year HAP
and CAP onroad mobile emission estimates. Table 2-lb lists the methods used to prepare
various subsectors of the nonroad mobile sector inventory, for 2005 and previous inventory
years.
2.2 WHAT IS THE BASIS FOR THE 2005 MOBILE NEI, VERSION 1?
EPA's Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ) has developed a model known as the
NMIM. NMIM includes a county-level database with parameters specific to each county. The
data in this county-level database are used to develop MOBILE6.2 and NONROAD model input
files within NMIM. NMIM is described in more detail in Section 3.1 of this document. EPA's
NMIM was used to generate both onroad and nonroad estimates for the 2005 NEI.
For the 2005 mobile NEI Version 1, NMIM was run for all counties. The NCD used is
designated as NCD20070912. The version of the NMIM software was NMIM20070410. The
MOBILE model version was M6203ChcOxFixNMIM. The NONROAD Model version was
NR05c-BondBase. The basis for the 2005 default vehicle miles traveled (VMT) is data supplied
by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), as well as publicly available data from
FHWA's Highway Statistics series. Details of how the VMT database was developed are
discussed in Section 3.2.2 of this report.
2.2.1 QA
NMIM has been tested to ensure that the MOBILE6 input files and NONROAD option ("opt")
files it generates are correct, that it reads the NCD properly, and that its output files properly
read and process the MOBILE6 and NONROAD output files. Both MOBILE6.2.03 and
NONROAD2005 have been peer reviewed and publicly released.
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Base
Year(s)
2005
2002
2001
2001
2001
2001
1999
1999
1999
1999
1999
December 2008
Table 2-1 a. Methods Used to Develop Emission Estimates for Onroad Vehicle Sources
(Years addressed in this report are noted in bold print)
Pollutant(s)
Geographic Area
Emission Estimation Method
All Criteria, HAPs US, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
Emission estimates for all pollutants were developed using EPA's
National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), which uses MOBILE6 to
calculate onroad emission factors. Where States provided alternate
onroad MOBILE6 inputs or VMT, these data replaced EPA default inputs.
Default VMT is based on FHWA 2005 data and 2005 Census population
estimates.
All Criteria, HAPs
US, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
NH3
All Criteria
All Criteria
All Criteria
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
NH3
PM10 Exhaust
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10 brake and tire
wear, PM2.5, NH3
California
California
AL; CO; ME; MA; MS; OR; UT; VA;
WV; Maricopa County, AZ;
Hamilton County, TN
Rest of US
AL; ME; MA; MS; UT; VA; WV;
Maricopa County, AZ; Hamilton
County, TN
California
California
Colorado
Colorado
Emission estimates for all pollutants were developed using EPA's National
Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), which uses MOBILE6 to calculate onroad
emission factors. Where States provided alternate onroad MOBILE6 inputs or
VMT, these data replaced EPA default inputs. California-supplied emissions
data which replaced default EPA emission estimates for this state. Default
VMT is based on FHWA 2002 data and population data from 2000 Census.
Emissions and VMT provided by California at county/vehicle type level; State-
provided emissions expanded to county/SCC level by EPA
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6 emission
factors with State-provided VMT data
State-provided VMT grown to 2001; emissions calculated by EPA using
MOBILE6 emission factors
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6 and FHWA-
based VMT
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6; State-
provided VMT data used
Emissions and VMT provided by California at county/vehicle type level; State-
provided emissions expanded to county/SCC level by EPA
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6 emission
factors with State-provided VMT data
PM10 emissions and VMT provided by State
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6; State-
provided VMT data used
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Table 2-1 a. Methods Used to Develop Emission Estimates for Onroad Vehicle Sources
(Years addressed in this report are noted in bold print)
Base
Year(s)
Pollutant(s)
Geographic Area
Emission Estimation Method
1999
All Criteria
Oregon
Emissions and VMT provided by Oregon at county/vehicle type level; State-
provided emissions expanded to county/SCC level by EPA
1999
All Criteria
Rest of US, Puerto Rico, and US
Virgin Islands
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using MOBILE6 and FHWA-
based VMT
1999
HAPs
California
HAP emissions and VMT provided by California at county/vehicle type level;
emissions allocated to SCC level by EPA
1999
HAPs
Rest of US, Puerto Rico, and US
Virgin Islands
MOBILE6 emission factors calculated at State/county/SCC level by season;
applied to FHWA-based VMT
1997-1998
All Criteria
US
2-step linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based on 1996 and 1999
State/count/SCC level data
1990, 1996
HAPs
US
MOBILE6 emission factors calculated at State/county/SCC level by season;
applied to Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)-based vehicle miles
traveled (VMT)
1991-1995
All Criteria
US
Linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based on 1990 and 1996
State/count/SCC level data
1988-1989
All Criteria
US
Linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based on 1987 and 1990
State/count/SCC level data
1979-1986
All Criteria
US
Linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based on 1978 and 1987
State/count/SCC level data
1978, 1987,
All Criteria
US
Calculated at State/county/source classification code (SCC) level by month
1990, 1996,
using MOBILE6, no State data incorporated
2000
1970, 1975
All Criteria
US
Linear extrapolation at national vehicle type level based on 1978 and 1987
national data
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Table 2-1 b. Methods Used to Develop Annual Emission Estimates for Nonroad Mobile Sources
(Categories/years addressed in this report are noted in bold print)
Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
NONROAD Categories
Nonroad Gasoline,
Diesel, LPG,
CNG
2005
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5, NH3, &
HAPs
Emission estimates for NONROAD model engines were developed
using EPA's National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), which
incorporates NONROAD2005. Where States provided alternate
nonroad inputs, these data replaced EPA default inputs.
2002
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5, NH3, &
HAPs
Emission estimates for NONROAD model engines were developed
using EPA's National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), which
incorporates NONROAD2005. Where States provided alternate
nonroad inputs, these data replaced EPA default inputs. California-
supplied emissions data also replaced EPA emission estimates for this
State.
1999
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
Using emission estimates from two emission inventories including: 1) a
1996 county-level inventory, developed using EPA's October 2001 draft
NONROAD model; and 2) an updated 1999 national inventory, based on
EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Using
the 1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and daily county-to-
national ratios were then developed for application to updated national
estimates per season estimated from the Lockdown C model. Replaced
State-submitted data for California for all NONROAD model categories;
Pennsylvania for recreational marine and aircraft ground support
equipment, and Texas for select equipment categories.
1996,1997, 1998,
2000 & 2001
1991-1995
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5, NH3
Using emission estimates from two emission inventories including: 1) a
1996 county-level inventory, developed using EPA's October 2001 draft
NONROAD model; and 2) updated year-specific national and California
inventories, based on EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated
May 2002). Using the 1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal
and daily county-to-national ratios and California county-to-State ratios
were then developed for application to updated national estimates per
season estimated from the Lockdown C model. California results
replace the diesel equipment emissions generated from prior application
of county-to-national ratios.
Using 1990 and 1996 county-level emissions inventories, estimated
emissions using linear interpolation of national emissions between 1990
and 1996. From these emissions, calculated the average annual growth
rate for each pollutant/SCC combination for each year, and then applied
the growth factors to 1990 county-level emissions to estimate 1991-1995
emissions.
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Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
Nonroad Gasoline,
Diesel, LPG, and
CNG (Continued)
1990
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5, NH3
Using emission estimates from two emission inventories including: 1) a
1996 county-level inventory, developed using EPA's October 2001 draft
NONROAD model; and 2) updated 1990 national inventory, based on
EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Using
the 1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and daily county-to-
national ratios were then developed for application to updated national
estimates per season estimated from the Lockdown C model.
Using 1985 and 1990 county-level emissions inventories, estimated
emissions using linear interpolation of national emissions between 1985
and 1990. From these emissions, calculated the average annual growth
rate for each pollutant/SCC combination for each year, and then applied
the growth factors to 1985 county-level emissions to estimate 1986-1989
emissions.
Using EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002),
developed updated national emissions for 1987 by running 4 seasonal
NONROAD model runs to estimate annual criteria pollutant emissions.
Also performed national NONROAD model runs to estimate typical
summer weekday emissions.
1986, 1988, &
1989
1987
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
1985
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
Using emission estimates from two emission inventories including: 1) a
1996 county-level inventory, developed using EPA's October 2001 draft
NONROAD model; and 2) updated 1985 national inventory, based on
EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Using
the 1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and daily county-to-
national ratios were then developed for application to updated national
estimates per season estimated from the Lockdown C model.
1970, 1975, 1978,
& 1980
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
Using EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model (dated May 2002),
developed updated national emissions for all years by running 4
seasonal NONROAD model runs to estimate annual criteria pollutant
emissions. Also performed national NONROAD model runs to estimate
typical summer weekday emissions.
1996, 1997, 1998,
1999, 2000, &
2001
nh3
Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from the Lockdown C
NONROAD model, multiplying by NH3 emission factors, and distributing
to counties using 1996 inventory, based on October 2001 draft
NONROAD. NH3 emissions for California were also recalculated using
updated diesel fuel consumption values generated for California-specific
runs, and assuming the 1996 county-level distribution.
1985 & 1990
nh3
Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from the Lockdown C
NONROAD model, multiplying by NH3 emission factors, and distributing
to counties using 1996 inventory, based on October 2001 draft
NONROAD.
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Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
Nonroad Gasoline,
Diesel, LPG, and
CNG (Continued)
1987
nh3
Obtaining 1987 national fuel consumption estimates from Lockdown C
NONROAD model and multiplying by NH3 emission factors.
1970, 1975, 1978,
& 1980
1990, 1996, &
1999
nh3
HAPs
Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from the Lockdown C
NONROAD model and multiplying by NH3 emission factors.
Speciation profiles applied to county VOC and PM estimates. Metal
HAPs were calculated using fuel and activity-based emission factors.
Some State data were provided and replaced national estimates. (2003)
Aircraft
Commercial Aircraft
2002 & 2005
Criteria and HAPs
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Emissions and Dispersion and
Modeling System (EDMS) was run for criteria pollutants, VOC and PM
emissions were speciated into HAP components. (2004)
1990, 1996, 1999,
2000,2001
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx
Input landing and take-off (LTO) data into FAA EDMS. National
emissions were assigned to airports based on airport specific LTO data
and Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) geographic information
system (GIS) data. State data replaced national estimates. (2003)
1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation between
available base years. (2003)
1990,1996, 1999
HAPs
Speciation profiles were applied to VOC estimates to get national HAP
estimates. State data replaced national estimates. (2003)
General Aviation, Air
Taxis
1978, 1987, 1990,
1996, 1999, 2000,
2001,& 2002
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
Used FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission factors for criteria
estimates. Speciation profiles were applied to VOC estimates to get
national HAP estimates. State data replaced national estimates. (2004)
1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,
PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation between
available base years. (2003)
1990,1996, 1999,
& 2002
HAPs
Used FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission factors for criteria
estimates. Speciation profiles were applied to VOC estimates to
develop national HAP estimates. (2004)
1990,1996, 1999,
& 2002
Pb
Used Department of Energy (DOE) aviation gasoline usage data with
lead concentration of aviation gasoline. (2004)
1996
nh3
Applied NH3 emissions factors to 1996 national jet fuel and aviation
gasoline consumption estimates.
Military Aircraft
1978, 1987, 1990,
1996, 1999, 2000,
2001,& 2002
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
Used FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission factors for criteria
estimates. Representative HAP profiles were not readily available,
therefore HAP estimates were not developed. State data replaced
national estimates. (2004)
1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,
PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation between
available base years. (2003)
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Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
Auxiliary Power Units
1985-2001
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
Grew 1996 emissions to each year using LTO operations data from the
FAA. Estimation methods prior to 1996 reported in EPA, 1998.
Unpaved Airstrips1
1985-2001
PM10, PM2.5
Grew 1996 emissions to each year using SIC 45-Air Transportation
growth factors, consistent with the current draft version of Economic
Growth Analysis System (EGAS). Estimation methods prior to 1996
reported in EPA, 1998.
Aircraft Refueling1
1985-2001
VOC
Grew 1996 emissions to each year using SIC 45-Air Transportation
growth factors, consistent with the current draft version of EGAS.
Estimation methods prior to 1996 reported in EPA, 1998.
Commercial Marine Vessel (CMV)
CMV Steam/Residual
fuel Categories
2005
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5, HAPs
2002 Estimates grown to 2005 (2008).
CMV Steam/Residual
fuel Categories
2002
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5, HAPs
2002 based estimates were developed for port and underway category 3
(C3) vessels as part of a rulemaking effort. Emissions were developed
separately for near port and underway emissions. For near port
emissions, inventories for 2002 were developed for 89 deep water and
28 Great Lake ports in the U.S. The Waterway Network Ship Traffic,
Energy, and Environmental Model (STEEM) was used to provide
emissions from ships traveling in shipping lanes between and near
individual ports (2008)
CMV Diesel
Categories
2002 & 2005
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
2001 Estimates carried over. Used State data when provided. (2004)
HAPs
1999 Estimates carried over. Used State data when provided. (2004)
CMV Diesel
1978, 1987, 1990,
1996, 1999, 2000,
& 2001
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,
PM10, &PM2.5,
Used criteria emission estimates in the background document for marine
diesel regulations for 2000. Adjusted 2000 criteria emission estimates
for other used based on fuel usage. Emissions were disaggregated into
port traffic and underway activities. Port emissions were assigned to
specific ports based on amount of cargo handled. Underway emissions
were allocated based on Army Corp of Engineering waterway data.
State data replaced national estimates. (2003)
1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,
PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation between
available base years. (2003)
1990, 1996, 1999
HAPs
VOC and PM emission estimates were speciated into HAP components.
State data replaced national estimates. (2003)
1996
nh3
Applied NH3 emissions factors to 1996 distillate and residual fuel oil
estimates (i.e., as reported in EIA, 1996).
1990-1995
nh3
Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.
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Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
CMV Steam Powered
1978, 1987, 1990,
1996, 1999, 2000,
& 2001
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,
PM10, &PM2.5
Calculated criteria emissions based on EPA State implementation plan
(SIP) guidance. Emissions were disaggregated into port traffic and
underway activities. Port emissions were assigned to specific ports
based on amount of cargo handled. Underway emissions were
allocated based on Army Corp of Engineering waterway data. State
data replaced national estimates. (2003)
1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,
PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation between
available base years. (2003)
1990, 1996, &
1999
HAPs
VOC and PM emission estimates were speciated into HAP components.
State data replaced national estimates. (2003)
Military Marine
1997-2001
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
Applied EGAS growth factors to 1996 emissions estimates for this
category.
CMV Coal,2 CMV,
Steam powered, CMV
Gasoline2
CM Coal, CMV, Steam
powered, CMV
Gasoline, Military
Marine
1997-1998
1991-1995
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
VOC, NOx, CO, S02,
PM10, PM2.5
Applied EGAS growth factors to 1996 emissions estimates for this
category.
Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.
Locomotives
Class 1, Class II,
Commuter, Passenger,
and Yard Locomotives
1978, 1987, 1990,
1996, 1999, 2000,
2000,2002,&
2005
1978, 1987, 1990,
1996, 1999, 2000,
2001, 2002,&
2005
VOC, NOx, CO, PM10,
PM2.5
so2
Criteria pollutants were estimated by using locomotive fuel use data from
DOE EIA and available emission factors. County-level estimates were
obtained by scaling the national estimates with the rail GIS data from the
Department of Transportation (DOT). State data replaced national
estimates. (2004)
SOx emissions were calculated by using locomotive fuel use and fuel
sulfur concentration data from EIA. County-level estimates were
obtained by scaling the national estimates with the county level rail
activity data from DOT. State data replaced national estimates. (2004)
1970-1998
1990,1996, 1999,
& 2002
VOC, NOx, CO, SOx,
PM10, PM2.5
HAPs
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear interpolation between
available base years. (2003)
HAP emissions were calculated by applying speciation profiles to VOC
and PM estimates. County-level estimates were obtained by scaling the
national estimates with the county level rail activity from DOT. State
data replaced national estimates. (2004)
1997-1998
nh3
Grew 1996 base year emissions using EGAS growth indicators.
1996
nh3
Applied NH3 emissions factors to diesel consumption estimates for 1996.
1990-1995
nh3
Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.
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Notes:
*Dates included at the end of Estimation Method represent the year that the section was revised.
1. Emission estimates for unpaved airstrips and aircraft refueling are included in the area source NEI, since they represent non-engine emissions.
2. National Emission estimates for CMV Coal and CMV Gasoline were not developed though States and local agencies may have submitted estimates for these source
categories.
EPA, 1998. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Factors and Inventory Group, National Air Pollutant Emission
Trends, Procedures Document, 1900-1996, EPA-454/R-98-008. May 1998.
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The NCD has been undergoing review ever since it was developed. The database was assembled
by Eastern Research Group under contract to OTAQ and included significant QA effort, as
documented in "National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year County
Database Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures" (EPA, 2003a). The NCD was
subsequently quality checked by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. (Pechan) under contract to
OTAQ, as documented in "Comparison of NMIM County Database to NEI Modeling, Final
Report" (EPA, 2003b). States most recently reviewed the data in the NCD posted for 2005 NEI
Version 1 and provided corrections, which have been incorporated into the database. For more
information on the NCD, see Section 3.2.
Finally, EPA performed completeness checks to confirm that data for all county-month
combinations were generated by the NMIM run. Since the NMIM MOBILE6 runs and NMIM
NONROAD runs are always executed in county-month combinations, the presence in the output
data of all county-month combinations indicates that all MOBILE6 and NONROAD runs
completed and that NMIM processed them.
2.3 HOW HAVE 2005 MOBILE EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED
FROM THE 2005 MOBILE NEI, VERSION 1?
This section provides an overview of the basis of the 2005 mobile NEI, Version 2. The basis for
some of the differences seen from the 2005 mobile NEI, Version 1 is also discussed.
2.3.1 Basis for 2005 Mobile NEI, Version 2
In developing the 2005 mobile NEI, Version 2, EPA provided State, local, and tribal (S/L/T)
agencies the opportunity to review and provide comment on the NMIM county-level database
for 2005. The 2005 NMIM county database was populated with EPA's most current default
2005 data. In addition, for some of the onroad and nonroad activity inputs, the 2005 NCD
contained data submitted by States for the 2002 NEI. EPA prepared instructions for S/L/T
agencies to explain the preferred methods for submitting revised NMIM inputs (EPA, 2007a).
EPA requested that air agencies submit revised data to EPA by September 30, 2007. Once
submitted, these data were logged, reviewed, and quality-assured by EPA. Table 2-2 provides a
summary of the data submitted by S/L/T agencies for the 2005 Mobile NEI. As seen in Table 2-
2, many States also provided VMT data in the NEI Input Format (NIF (reported as throughput in
the PE table)). These VMT were converted to the NCD VMT format and replaced the default
EPA estimates.
For the 2005 mobile NEI Version 2, NMIM was run for all counties. Emission estimates for the
2005 onroad and NONROAD model (hereafter referred to as simply "nonroad") NEI Version 2
were made using NMIM and the updated NCD. The NMIM county-level database for 2005 was
updated with local data submitted by State and local agencies and EPA's most current default
data where local data were not provided. The NCD used is designated as NCD20080522, which
includes the data provided by the States after they reviewed EPA's default 2005 NCD. State-
specific files that correspond to the updated NCD are posted at EPA's web site at:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/2005inventory.html. The version of the NMIM software was
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Table 2-2. Summary of Onroad and Nonroad 2002 and 2005 NMIM Data Submissions
State
ID
State Name
Data Provided
For
2002
2005
NCD Files
MOBILE6
Input
Files
NONROAD/NMIM
External Files
NCD Files
Onroad
NIF VMT
01
AL Alabama
All Counties
02
AK Alaska
04
AZ Arizona
Maricopa County
y
Pima County
y
Rest of State
05
AR Arkansas
All Counties
06
CA California
All Counties
y
La Posta Tribe
08
CO Colorado
All Counties
y
y
y
09
CT Connecticut
10
DE Delaware
All Counties
y
y
y
11
DC District of Columbia
y
y
y
12
FL Florida
Pinnelas County
Broward County
Rest of State
13
GA Georgia
All Counties
y
15
HI Hawaii
y
16
ID Idaho
All Counties
y
y
17
IL Illinois
All Counties
y
s (opt files only)
18
IN Indiana
y
19
IA Iowa
All Counties
20
KS Kansas
All Counties
21
KY Kentucky
Jefferson County
y
Rest of State
22
LA Louisiana
All Counties
23
ME Maine
All Counties
y
24
MD Maryland
All Counties
y
y
y
y
25
MA Massachusetts
All Counties
y
26
Ml Michigan
All Counties
y
y
y
SEMCOG
y
y
y
27
MN Minnesota
All Counties
28
MS Mississippi
All Counties
29
MO Missouri
All Counties
30
MT Montana
31
NE Nebraska
Lancaster County
Rest of State
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Table 2-2. Summary of Onroad and Nonroad 2002 and 2005 NMIM Data Submissions
2002
2005
MOBILE6
State
Data Provided
Input
NONROAD/NMIM
Onroad
ID
State Name
For
NCD Files
Files
External Files
NCD Files
NIF VMT
32
NV
Nevada
15 of 17 Counties
y
Clark County
Washoe County
33
NH
New Hampshire
All Counties
34
NJ
New Jersey
All Counties
y
y
35
NM
New Mexico
36
NY
New York
All Counties
y
37
NC
North Carolina
All Counties
y
38
ND
North Dakota
39
OH
Ohio
All Counties
y
y
40
OK
Oklahoma
41
OR
Oregon
All Counties
y
42
PA
Pennsylvania
All Counties
y
72
PR
Puerto Rico
44
Rl
Rhode Island
y
45
SC
South Carolina
y
46
SD
South Dakota
47
TN
Tennessee
91 of 95 Counties
y
s (opt files only)
y
Davidson County
y
y
s (opt files only)
y
Hamilton County
y
y
Knox County
y
y
Shelby County
y
y
48
TX
Texas
All Counties
y
y
49
UT
Utah
All Counties
y
y
y
50
VT
Vermont
All Counties
y
78
VI
Virgin Islands
51
VA
Virginia
All Counties
y
y
53
WA
Washington
All Counties
y
y
54
WV
West Virginia
All Counties
y
55
Wl
Wisconsin
All Counties
y
y
y
56
WY
Wyoming
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NMIM20071009. The MOBILE model version was M6203ChcOxFixNMIM. The NONROAD
Model version was NR05c-BondBase.
A detailed listing by parameter of S/L/T inputs used in the updated NCD for the 2005 NEI
Version 2 is presented in Chapter 3, Section 3.2 of this document. State data related to
temperature and onroad or nonroad fuel profiles are described in detail in Sections 3.2.3 and
3.2.4. State-submitted data related to onroad control programs and activity data used for the
onroad/NMIM runs are described in detail in Sections 3.2.6 and 3.2.7, respectively. The specific
State-submitted data related to nonroad activity parameters used for the NONROAD/NMIM runs
are described in detail in Section 3.2.5.
In cases where S/L/T agencies provided NIF data, including the PE table where VMT data are
stored, the NIF VMT data were converted to the NMIM BaseYearVMT table format. The NCD
was then updated with these VMT data before it was run. The conversion from the NIF to
NMIM VMT formats was performed in the manner discussed in Section 3.2.2 of this document
for VMT provided at the 12 vehicle type level of detail and then expanded to the 28 vehicle type
level of detail.
2.3.2 QA
Prior to performing the NMIM runs, EPA quality assured all updates made to the NCD. EPA
coordinated with State and local agencies where needed to follow-up on questions regarding the
accuracy or reasonableness of data submitted.
EPA also performed completeness checks to confirm that data for all county-month
combinations were generated by the NMIM run. Since the NMIM MOBILE6 runs and NMIM
NONROAD runs are always executed in county-month combinations, the presence in the output
data of all county-month combinations indicates that all MOBILE6 and NONROAD runs
completed and that NMIM processed them.
2.3.3 Onroad Mobile Pollutant Emission Comparisons
For the onroad sources, the primary differences between Version 1 and Version 2 of the 2005
NEI estimates stem primarily from changes in the default VMT, as well as S/L/T-provided
MOBILE6 activity inputs. Table 2-3 summarizes the differences in criteria pollutant emissions
and VMT between these two versions of the NEI for the entire United States, Puerto Rico, and
the Virgin Islands. At the national level, the changes are relatively consistent among all criteria
pollutants, and generally follow the trend reflected in the overall change in VMT. SO2 emission
estimates show a slightly smaller increase of 0.8 percent, as these increases in VMT are likely
offset by decreases in sulfur content for States that provided these data.
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Table 2-3. Comparison of 2005 Onroad Mobile
NEI, Version 1 and Version 2
Version 1
2005 NEI,
tpy
Version 2
2005 NEI,
tpy
Percent
Difference
VOC
4,128,884
4,194,811
1.6%
NOX
6,294,227
6,386,627
1.4%
CO
49,035,793
49,716,705
1.4%
PM10-PRI
178,628
181,073
1.3%
PM25-PRI
123,439
125,075
1.3%
S02
145,020
146,200
0.8%
NH3
305,486
309,808
1.4%
VMT (million miles)
2,982,132
3,026,525
1.5%
The annual VMT used in the 2005 NEI Version 1 was based on developing a default 2005 VMT
database from FHWA data and then replacing the FHWA-based VMT with State-based VMT
grown to 2005 for States and local areas that supplied VMT data used in the 2002 NEI. In
developing Version 2 of the 2005 NEI, these default 2005 VMT data were then replaced by
2005-specific State data where these data were supplied to EPA. The resulting change in VMT
for the entire inventory is about a 1.4 percent increase from Version 1 to Version 2 of the 2005
NEI. However, at the State level, the VMT changes range from a 16 percent decrease from
Version 1 to Version 2 in Idaho to an increase in VMT of 12 percent in California. In addition,
there have also been changes made to many of the MOBILE6 input values to reflect data
submitted by individual S/L/T agencies (see Chapter 3). These include inputs such as vehicle
distributions by age, speeds, and I/M program specifications. Changes in any of these inputs can
cause changes in the resulting emission values.
2.3.4 NONROAD Model Pollutant Emission Comparisons
For the nonroad sector, the small differences observed between Versions 1 and 2 of the 2005
NEI are due to NMIM inputs submitted by State and local agencies that impact nonroad
emissions. These include primarily fuel parameter and temperature data. Table 2-4 summarizes
the differences in NONROAD model criteria pollutant emissions between Version 1 and 2 of the
2005 NEI for the entire US, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. At the national level, the
changes are relatively small, with VOC showing the largest difference. When comparing
emissions at a State level, emissions changed notably for those 5 States submitting nonroad-
related inputs, including Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Utah, and Wisconsin.
EPA also observed minor differences between nonroad evaporative VOC emission estimates for
States for which no updates were made. These differences were determined to be caused by an
update to a NONROAD data input file (spillage.emf) that specifies tank sizes, hose lengths, and
ethanol permeation factors.
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Table 2-4. Comparison of 2005 NONROAD
Model NEI, Version 1 and Version 2
Version 1
2005 NEI,
tpy
Version 2
2005 NEI,
tpy
Percent
Difference
voc
2,843,321
2,826,714
-0.6%
NOX
2,049,258
2,051,998
0.1%
CO
21,232,257
21,246,993
0.1%
PM10-PRI
213,483
213,458
0.0%
PM25-PRI
203,971
203,956
0.0%
S02
198,018
198,579
0.3%
NH3
1,998
1,999
0.0%
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3.0 NMIM
3.1 NMIM METHODOLOGY
3.1.1 Introduction and Overview
EPA's NMIM is a consolidated emissions modeling system for EPA's MOBILE6 and
NONROAD models. It was developed to produce, in a consistent and automated way, national,
county-level mobile source emissions inventories for the NEI and for EPA rulemaking. When
national inventories have previously been constructed from MOBILE6 and NONROAD, the
necessary input data have been widely scattered in disparate formats and have required
additional specialized software to convert these data into input files for MOBILE6 and
NONROAD, to run the models, to integrate the results into a final inventory, and to post-process
the results into forms suitable for the national inventories. NMIM is designed to accomplish all
of these tasks in a single package.
NMIM comprises a Java framework, graphical and command line user interfaces, the MOBILE6
and NONROAD models, a national county database, and postprocessing and aggregation
capabilities. NMIM's primary improvements over MOBILE6 and NONROAD are: 1) the
inclusion of all the required county data for the nation in a single database; 2) graphical user
interface (GUI); 3) "shortcuts" for generating national inventories; 4) tools for aggregation and
post-processing; 5) estimation of 33 HAPs and 17 dioxin/furan congeners by ratio to various
MOBILE6 and NONROAD output parameters; and 6) distributed processing capability to
enhance performance. NMIM specifically extends MOBILE6's capabilities by producing
inventories rather than just emissions factors. NMIM provides consistency across both models
and all pollutants by using a single input database for MOBILE6 and NONROAD and for
criteria pollutants and HAPs.
An installation package and users manual for NMIM 2005 may be downloaded from the website:
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/nmim.htm. Questions about NMIM can be emailed to
mobile@epa.gov.
This chapter begins with an overall explanation of how NMIM works, followed by the details of
how it runs MOBILE6 and NONROAD. Next, it discusses the pollutant and source category
inventories available from running NMIM. Then it describes the NCD and plans for updating
and improving it through the NEI process. Lastly, there is an explanation of how NMIM
estimates various HAPs that are not direct outputs of MOBILE6 and NONROAD.
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3.1.2 How NMIM Works
The NMIM user specifies a set of years and months, a geographic region (the whole United
States, any combination of whole States, or any combination of particular counties, including
Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands), a set of pollutants, and categories of onroad vehicles and
nonroad equipment. This collection of user requests is called a "run specification" or RunSpec,
and can be saved in a file for later execution or for text editing. RunSpecs can be produced by
the NMIM GUI or by using a text editor. NMIM RunSpecs can be executed from the GUI or
from the command line.
Based on the RunSpec and information in the NCD, NMIM writes input files for the MOBILE6
and NONROAD models. NMIM then runs these models, reads their output files, performs
additional processing if necessary, and puts the inventories into an output database. Additional
processing includes multiplying MOBILE6 emission factors by VMT and estimating emissions
of some other pollutants (see below) as ratios to pollutant inventories generated by MOBILE6
and NONROAD. NMIM also has post-processing capability that can be applied after the
inventory is generated, including the option to produce NIF Version 3.0 (NIF3) files.
NMIM employs two main techniques, adopted from previous NEIs, to make the production of
national inventories tractable. The first is to assume that monthly time resolution is adequate for
both meteorology and source activity and therefore to perform 12 monthly runs instead of 365
daily runs. NMIM is designed to do only monthly runs and produces annual inventories by
summing the 12 monthly inventories.
The second technique, which was not used for the 2005 NEI, is to group similar counties,
allowing NMIM to do a single MOBILE6 or NONROAD run for the entire group. All counties
were run individually for this version of the 2005 NEI to make maximum use of county-specific
information.
As a way of further improving performance, NMIM may be run in a distributed-processing
mode, employing multiple computers. NMIM comprises two programs, Master and Worker.
Both Master and Worker(s) have a simple text configuration file which specifies the path to a
shared folder through which they communicate. The GUI, used to produce RunSpecs and
AgSpecs as discussed above, is on the Master. In standalone mode, one Master, one Worker,
and the shared folder are on the same computer. In distributed mode, there are multiple workers
on separate computers. For both Version 1 and Version 2 of the 2005 NEI, NMIM was run in
distributed mode, using one master and several workers.
3.1.3 How NMIM Runs Mobile6
NMIM writes a MOBILE6 input file and executes MOBILE6 once for each month for each
representing county (if the user chose the Geographic Representation option "County Group") or
for each county (if the user chose the Geographic Representation option "County"). The
resulting emission factors are multiplied by the VMT for each county. Each MOBILE6 input
file is constructed using data obtained from the NCD.
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The MOBILE6 input files constructed by NMIM are designed to accommodate detailed user
input and to use a consistent set of commands. In order to use consistent fuels data for all
pollutants, the AIR TOXICS command is always used, even if no air toxics are requested by the
user. To enable the AIR TOXICS command, NMIM always inserts the command to model
acrolein in the MOBILE6 input file, whether the user requests it or not. However, if the user
does not request acrolein, it will not appear in the output table. Similarly, other commands, such
as ALTITUDE, POLLUTANTS, and EVALUATION MONTH are always explicitly used,
rather than depending on MOBILE6 default settings and will always appear in NMIM
MOBILE6 input files. The NMIM MOBILE6 input files always use the HOURLY
TEMPERATURES command, rather than MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE command. The hourly
RELATIVE HUMIDITY command is always used, rather than the ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY
command. The BAROMETRIC PRES command is always used, since this value interacts with
the relative humidity values. Average speed distributions are always specified using the SPEED
VMT command, rather than the AVERAGE SPEED command.
For consistency, NMIM requires that gasoline fuel parameters have the level of detail to properly
model air toxic emissions, even though less detail is required to model criteria pollutants. The
OXYGENATE command is used instead of the OXYGENATED FUELS command, so all
oxygen content values must be expressed as volume percent instead of weight percent. GAS
AROMATIC%, GAS OLEFIN%, GAS BENZENE%, E200 and E300 must always be specified.
RVP OXY WAIVER command is always set to 1 (no waiver), because Reid vapor pressure
(RVP) values from the fuel surveys are assumed to already account for any RVP effect from
oxygenated fuels. The FUEL RVP command is always required. The GASOLINE SULFUR
command and FUEL PROGRAM command Option 4 are always used to explicitly set the sulfur
content of gasoline. The same gasoline sulfur content is used for both commands and for all
years in the FUEL PROGRAM command, although it would normally have different sulfur
values for different years. Each MOBILE6 run covers only a single month in a particular
calendar year, so NMIM sets all possible sulfur values the same to avoid programming logic to
determine which of the possible years to change.
Some counties have local emission control programs. The basic information for these programs
is stored in the NCD and used to create the appropriate commands for the input file when
needed. Inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs for counties are stored in external data files
and accessed using the I/M DESC FILE command.
In addition to the basic required information, NMIM can also include county specific data that is
normally provided to MOBILE6 using external data files. Nearly any of the valid MOBILE6
commands can be used, including commands used to model local Low Emission Vehicle (LEV)
phase-in programs and local natural gas vehicle fractions. Diesel sales fractions are stored in an
external file and used to create the appropriate input command.
Not all MOBILE6 commands are used by NMIM. The VMT FRACTIONS and VMT BY
FACILITY commands are not needed, since these commands are only needed to create
composite emission rates. NMIM converts all emission rate results from MOBILE6 to tons
using the county specific VMT for each vehicle class and roadway type. Since all gasolines are
explicitly defined, both the SEASON command and FUEL PROGRAM command Option 2 are
never used.
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Only weekdays are modeled by NMIM. Commands that apply to weekend variations are not
used. This simplification makes sense because most weekend differences in MOBILE6 are
temporal distributions, so MOBILE6's emission factors at the day level are little affected by
these differences. (Parameters that can differ between weekends and weekdays are hot soak
duration distribution, start distribution, starts/day, soak distribution, and trip length distribution.)
The major difference between weekdays and weekends is VMT, which is provided by month,
vehicle type, and roadway type in the NCD.
MOBILE6 has only 4 facility or roadway types: freeways, arterials, ramps, and locals. Ramp
speed is fixed at 34.6 miles per hour (mph) and local speed at 12.9 mph. Distributions of
average speeds are specified separately for freeways and arterials using the SPEED VMT
command. If only a single MOBILE6 scenario were run, the same distribution of average speeds
would be applied to all vehicle types. Separate specification of average speed distributions for
all combinations of the 12 roadway types and all 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types would require
running 168 MOBILE6 scenarios.
In order to avoid running so many MOBILE6 scenarios, while retaining reasonable flexibility,
NMIM groups vehicle class-roadway type combinations into 18 groups, shown in Table 3-1.
These groups are those that have been used in past NEI base years, and provide flexibility in
assigning average speeds while limiting the number of MOBILE6 runs necessary to generate an
inventory. Since nine of these combinations use the MOBILE6 freeway facility type and 9 use
the arterial facility type, a total of 9 MOBILE6 scenarios are needed to model the 18 vehicle
class/roadway type combinations. Average speed distributions for each of these 18 vehicle
class/roadway type combinations can be specified for each county.
Because MOBILE6 can model only one particle size at a time, if both PM10 and PM2.5 are
desired, NMIM runs a tenth MOBILE6 scenario to obtain emission factors for the extra particle
size. MOBILE6 separates exhaust particulates into sulfate (SO4), organic carbon (OC),
elemental carbon (EC), lead, tire wear, and brake wear. Of these, only SO4 depends on speed. If
either PM10 or PM2.5 is requested, the results are obtained from the standard nine scenarios. If
both PM10 and PM2.5 are requested, the nine scenarios are run for PM10. Since all SO4 is
PM2.5, if both PM10 and PM2.5 are requested, the SO4 emission factor for both is taken from
the nine scenarios that are sensitive to speed, and the tenth scenario is used to obtain the
emission factors for all the other PM2.5 components.
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Table 3-1. The 18 Vehicle Class-roadway Type Combinations in NMIM
MSVtypes*
Road Types
M6 Ftype
LDV
Rural Interstate
Freeway
LDT
Rural Interstate
Freeway
HDV
Rural Interstate
Freeway
LDV
Urban Interstate
Freeway
LDT
Urban Interstate
Freeway
HDV
Urban Interstate
Freeway
LDV
Urban Freeways & Expressways
Freeway
LDT
Urban Freeways & Expressways
Freeway
HDV
Urban Freeways & Expressways
Freeway
LDV,LDT
Rural Principal Arterial
Arter
al
LDV,LDT
Rural Minor Arterial
Arter
al
HDV
Rural Principal Arterial
Arter
al
LDV,LDT
Rural Major Collector
Arter
al
LDV,LDT
Rural Minor Collector, Rural Local
Arter
al
HDV
Rural Minor Arterial
Arter
al
LDV,LDT
Urban Principal Arterial, Urban Minor Arterial, Urban Collector
Arter
al
HDV
Rural Major Collector, Rural Minor Collector, Rural Local
Arter
al
HDV
Urban Principal Arterial, Urban Minor Arterial, Urban Collector
Arter
al
* Reference MOBILE6.2 User Guide, Appendix B
LDV = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 1 and 16.
LDT = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 2-5.
HDV = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 6-15.
MOBILE6 specifies a calendar year and an evaluation month of either January or July. This
combination determines the fleet composition for which emission factors are generated. For
each month of a given inventory year, NMIM writes the MOBILE6 input file using the
combination of calendar year and evaluation month shown in Table 3-2.
The reasoning behind this scheme is that the fleet composition in October, November, and
December of year Y is more like that of January of year Y+l than it is like July of year Y. This
scheme does not cause a problem with fuel properties, because NMIM always looks up the fuel
properties in the NCD for the inventory year and month being modeled. Control programs in
MOBILE6 are always assumed to begin on January 1, but MOBILE6 assumes that these
programs have no effect on that day, since the program has had no time to get started. Hence
NMIM is not erroneously introducing next year's control programs by modeling October,
November, and December as January 1 of the following year.
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Table 3-2. The MOBILE6 Calendar Years and Evaluation Months That Are Used by
NMIM to Produce an Inventory for Each Month of a Given Year, Y
NMIM Month of Inventory Year
Y
MOBILE6 Calendar Year
MOBILE6 Evaluation Month
1
Y
1
2
Y
1
3
Y
1
4
Y
7
5
Y
7
6
Y
7
7
Y
7
8
Y
7
9
Y
7
10
Y+1
1
11
Y+1
1
12
Y+1
1
3.1.4 How NMIM Runs NONROAD
NONROAD estimates monthly fuel consumption and emissions of total hydrocarbons (THC),
CO, NOx, SO2, and PM. Additional pollutants are produced by NMIM as ratios to some of these
outputs.
The NONROAD Model reads a set of ASCII instructions, known as an "opt file" (for options).
NMIM creates this file from data in the NCD. As employed in NMIM, the opt file is limited to
one State and specifies month and year, fuel properties, temperature, and the counties for which
to calculate emissions, which may be all or a subset of the counties in the State. NONROAD
internally produces emissions for the whole State and then allocates the emissions for each SCC
to the requested counties. Output is produced only for the county or counties selected in the
NMIM RunSpec.
The NONROAD Model includes a group of files that specify equipment populations, emission
factors, deterioration rates, activities, and allocations from the State to the county level. County-
specific allocation, population, seasonality, and activity files that will override the default files
can be specified in the NCD.
The fuel properties required by the NONROAD Model are not the same as those in the NCD.
The NONROAD Model requires "Oxygen Weight %" in its opt file. The conversion from NCD
fuel properties to oxygen weight percent is performed by NMIM as follows:
oxywtpct =
etohvolume * 0.3448* etohmktshare
+ mtbevolume*0.1786*mtbemktshare
+ tamevolume*0.1636*tamemktshare
+ etbevolume*0.1533*etbemktshare
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These conversion factors are detailed under the OXYGENATE command in the MOBILE6
User's Guide (EPA, 2003c).
How NMIM converts from THC to other hydrocarbon (HC) species
THC is the NONROAD Model's native output. The other HC species that can be requested from
NMIM are listed and defined in Table 3-3 below. The conversion from THC to the other HC
species differs between exhaust and evaporative emissions. For NONROAD, NMIM classifies
all emissions as either exhaust, evaporative, or refueling. NONROAD's crankcase emissions are
classified as exhaust.
NMIM uses factors in the SCC table to convert NONROAD exhaust THC to the other HC
outputs (VOC, NMHC, TOG, and NMOG). For evaporative emissions except for
FuelType=CNG, no conversion is necessary (i.e., VOC = NMHC = TOG = NMOG = THC). For
evaporative CNG emissions, TOG = THC, and NMOG = NMHC = VOC = 0.
3.1.5 Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM
HCs may be expressed in one of five forms, listed in Table 3-3 below. The conversion factors
are those used in the MOBILE6 and NONROAD models and depend on fuel and engine type.
Table 3-3. Hydrocarbon Forms Available from NMIM (MOBILE6 User Guide)
Hydrocarbon Form
Includes
Includes
Includes
Includes
FID HC
Methane
Ethane
Aldehydes
Total Hydrocarbons
(THC)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Partially
Nonmethane Hydrocarbons
(NMHC)
Yes
No
Yes
Partially
Volatile Organic Compounds
(VOC)
Yes
No
No
Yes
Total Organic Gases
(TOG)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Nonmethane Organic Gases
(NMOG)
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Table 3-4 lists all pollutants for which NMIM produces inventories. The pollutant codes are
those specified by NIF3.1 Numeric codes are Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers2
(CASRN) with the hyphens removed.
In Table 3-4, a non-blank "Ratio to" column (MB for MOBILE6, NR for NONROAD) indicates
that the pollutant is calculated by NMIM, after the MOBILE6 or NONROAD model is run, by
ratio to the pollutant listed in the column. A blank "Ratio to" column indicates that the pollutant
is calculated inside MOBILE6 or NONROAD. The ratio depends on source type, expressed as
a SCC, and fuel characteristics. The complete list of these ratios may be found in the NCD SCC
table and SCCToxics table. Ratio units are g/gallon, g/mile, and g/g of PM or VOC. For onroad
vehicles, naphthalene is ratioed to exhaust PM and to evaporative VOC. For nonroad, it is
ratioed to exhaust PM10 only. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is present to provide input to
REMSAD (Regional Modeling System for Aerosols and Deposition3).
1 Details of the NIF3 may be found as links to http://www.epa.gOv/ttn/chief/nif/index.html#ver3.
2 See EPA's Substance Registry System: http://www.epa.gov/srs/ and the CAS Registry website:
http://www.cas.org/EO/regsys.html.
3 Information on REMSAD may be found at http://remsad.saintl.com/overview.htm.
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The "Six HAPs" category represents the first HAPs studied for mobile sources. They are
selected individually in the NMIM RunSpec. The 27 "Add'l. HAPs" (additional HAPs) are
selected as a group in the NMIM RunSpec. The 17 dioxin/furan congeners are also selected as a
group. Pollutants in Table 3-4 without a category listed may be selected individually in the
NMIM RunSpec. All pollutants are output separately, even if they are selected as a group.
Table 3-4. List of Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM
Pollutant
Ratio to
Code
Pollutant Name
Category
MB
NR
CO
Carbon Monoxide
HC
Hydrocarbons (choice of five forms)
NOX
Nitrogen Oxides
S02
Sulfur Dioxide
PM10-PRI
Primary PM10 (Filterables and Condensibles)
PM25-PRI
Primary PM2.5 (Filterables and Condensibles)
PM10*
NH3
Ammonia
Gal*
75070
Acetaldehyde
Six HAPS
VOC
107028
Acrolein
Six HAPS
VOC
71432
Benzene
Six HAPS
VOC
106990
1,3-Butadiene
Six HAPS
VOC
50000
Formaldehyde
Six HAPS
VOC
1634044
MTBE
Six HAPS
VOC
100414
Ethyl Benzene
Add'l. HAPS
voc
VOC
100425
Styrene
Add'l. HAPS
voc
VOC
108883
Toluene
Add'l. HAPS
voc
VOC
110543
Hexane
Add'l. HAPS
voc
voc
120127
Anthracene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
123386
Propionaldehyde
Add'l. HAPS
voc
VOC
129000
Pyrene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
1330207
Xylene
Add'l. HAPS
VOC
VOC
16065831
Chromium (Cr3+)
Add'l. HAPS
Mile
Gal
18540299
Chromium (Cr6+)
Add'l. HAPS
Mile
Gal
191242
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
193395
lndeno(1,2,3,c,d)pyrene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
205992
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
206440
Fluoranthene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
207089
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
208968
Acenaphthylene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
218019
Chrysene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
50328
Benzo(a)pyrene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
53703
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
540841
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Add'l. HAPS
VOC
VOC
56553
Benz(a)anthracene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
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Pollutant
Ratio to
Code
Pollutant Name
Category
MB
NR
7439965
Manganese
Add'l. HAPS
Mile
Gal
7440020
Nickel
Add'l. HAPS
Mile
Gal
83329
Acenaphthene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
85018
Phenanthrene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
86737
Fluorene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM10
91203
Naphthalene
Add'l. HAPS
PMVOC
PM10
1746016
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
19408743
1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
3268879
Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
35822469
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
39001020
Octachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
39227286
1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
40321764
1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
51207319
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
55673897
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Heptachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
57117314
2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
57117416
1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
57117449
1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
57653857
1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
60851345
2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
67562394
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
70648269
1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
72918219
1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzofuran
Dioxin/furan
Mile
Gal
C02
Carbon Dioxide
SOA
Secondary Organic Aerosol
VOC*
VOC*
* Ratios for these pollutants are in the NCD SCC table. All others are in the SCCToxics table.
3.1.6 Source Categories for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM
NMIM's output is always in terms of SCC, which are described in the SCC table. For onroad
output, NMIM also distinguishes five emission types (exhaust, evaporation, refueling, brake
wear, and tire wear). For NONROAD, NMIM distinguishes three emission types (exhaust,
evaporation, and refueling) and also reports the NONROAD power classes, which subdivide a
given SCC by horsepower range.
The VMT in the BaseYearVMT table is by the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes. In NMIM output,
however, these 28 vehicle classes are aggregated into the 12 vehicle classes that correspond to
SCC codes. These 12 vehicle classes are shown in Table 3-5a. The NCD M6VClass table
defines the correspondence between these two sets of vehicle classes, which are shown in
Table 3-5b.
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Table 3-5a. The 12 Vehicle Classes That Correspond to SCCs
Class
Description
Class
Description
LDGV
Light duty gasoline vehicles
LDDT
Light duty diesel trucks
LDGT1
Light duty gasoline truck 1
2BHDDV
Class 2b heavy duty diesel vehicles
LDGT2
Light duty gasoline truck 2
LHDDV
Light heavy-duty diesel vehicles
HDGV
Heavy duty gasoline vehicles, include buses
MHDDV
Medium heavy-duty diesel vehicles
MC
Motorcycles
HHDDV
Heavy heavy-duty diesel vehicles
LDDV
Light duty diesel vehicles
BUSES
Diesel buses
Table 3-5b. The 28 MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes and the 12 Vehicle Classes
Corresponding to SCCs That Are Output by NMIM
M6#
28 M6
12 SCC
Description
1
LDGV
LDGV
Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (Passenger Cars)
2
LDGT1
LDGT1
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 1 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR, 0-3750 lbs. LVW)
3
LDGT2
LDGT1
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 2 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR, 3751-5750 lbs. LVW)
4
LDGT3
LDGT2
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 3 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR, 0-5750 lbs. ALVW)
5
LDGT4
LDGT2
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 4 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR, 5751 lbs. and greater ALVW)
6
HDGV2B
HDGV
Class 2b Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (8501-10,000 lbs. GVWR)
7
HDGV3
HDGV
Class 3 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR)
8
HDGV4
HDGV
Class 4 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (14,001-16,000 lbs. GVWR)
9
HDGV5
HDGV
Class 5 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (16,001-19,500 lbs. GVWR)
10
HDGV6
HDGV
Class 6 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (19,501-26,000 lbs. GVWR)
11
HDGV7
HDGV
Class 7 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (26,001-33,000 lbs. GVWR)
12
HDGV8A
HDGV
Class 8a Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (33,001-60,000 lbs. GVWR)
13
HDGV8B
HDGV
Class 8b Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (>60,000 lbs. GVWR)
14
LDDV
LDDV
Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles (Passenger Cars)
15
LDDT12
LDDT
Light-Duty Diesel Trucks 1 and 2 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR)
16
HDDV2B
2BHDDV
Class 2b Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (8501-10,000 lbs. GVWR)
17
HDDV3
LHDDV
Class 3 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR)
18
HDDV4
LHDDV
Class 4 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (14,001-16,000 lbs. GVWR)
19
HDDV5
LHDDV
Class 5 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (16,001-19,500 lbs. GVWR)
20
HDDV6
MHDDV
Class 6 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (19,501-26,000 lbs. GVWR)
21
HDDV7
MHDDV
Class 7 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (26,001-33,000 lbs. GVWR)
22
HDDV8A
HHDDV
Class 8a Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (33,001-60,000 lbs. GVWR)
23
HDDV8B
HHDDV
Class 8b Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (>60,000 lbs. GVWR)
24
MC
MC
Motorcycles (Gasoline)
25
HDGB
HDGV
Gasoline Buses (School, Transit and Urban)
26
HDDBT
BUSES
Diesel Transit and Urban Buses
27
HDDBS
BUSES
Diesel School Buses
28
LDDT34
LDDT
Light-Duty Diesel Trucks 3 and 4 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR)
SCC output also distinguishes 12 roadway types, listed in Table 3-6. The 12 roadway types are
those used by the FHWA Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS).4 These roadway
types, in combination with the 12 vehicle types, result in 144 SCCs for onroad mobile sources.
4 Information on the FHWA HPMS is available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hpms/.
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Table 3-6. 12 Roadway Types
Interstate: Rural Interstate: Urban
Other Principal Arterial: Rural Other Freeways and Expressways: Urban
Minor Arterial: Rural Other Principal Arterial: Urban
Major Collector: Rural Minor Arterial: Urban
Minor Collector: Rural Collector: Urban
Local: Rural Local: Urban
Emissions are estimated by the NONROAD Model for 214 SCCs. SCCs distinguish between
equipment types, fuels (gasoline, diesel, LPG, and CNG) and between 2-stroke and 4-stroke
gasoline engines. In addition, NONROAD produces horsepower categories, and NMIM retains
these in its output.
Within NMIM and the NONROAD Model, the nonroad SCCs are grouped into 12 segments,
listed in Table 3-7.
Table 3-7. NONROAD Model Equipment Segments
Recreational Lawn/Garden Logging Oil Field
Construction Agriculture Airport Support Pleasure Craft
Industrial Commercial Underground Mining Railroad
Any single SCC always falls under only one of these segments, corresponding to its most typical
application, although it may be used in other segments as well. For example, skid steer loaders
are in the construction segment, although they are also used in agriculture. Fuels are gasoline,
diesel, LPG, and CNG. NMIM users must choose a segment and fuel; individual SCCs may not
be selected. Output, however, is by individual SCC.
3.2 THE NMIM COUNTY DATABASE
3.2.1 Database Structure
The NCD contains all the county-specific information needed to run MOBILE6 and
NONROAD. It also contains the list of pollutants and the ratios of HAPs, dioxins/furans, and
some metals to various NONROAD and MOBILE6 outputs that are used to estimate inventories
of these nonstandard pollutants. This database is in MySQL, an open source database
management system that is available from www.mysql.com. The tables in the database are listed
in Table 3-8.
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Table 3-8. Tables in the NMIM County Database (NCD)
Table
Contents
BaseYearVMT
VMT by year, county, M6VCIass, and HPMSRoadType.
County
For each county, Federal Information Processing System (FIPS) codes for the county and
State, altitude, beginning and end of ozone season, Stage 2 information, Natural Gas
Vehicle (NGV) fraction file name
CountyMap
The representing county for each county, one for NONROAD and one for MOBILE6.
CountyMonth
Defines the set of possible county-month combinations.
CountyMonthHour
Monthly average hourly temperature and humidity table used if "Use yearly weather data"
is not selected or there is no data for the requested year in the CountyYearMonthHour
table.
County NRFile
References to external NONROAD files pertaining to a county.
CountyVMTMonth
Allocation
Mileage allocation factors for the 12 months of the year, by county.
CountyYear
Stage2 percent input to the NR model, plus external file references for MOBILE6 and NR.
CountyYearMonth
Gasoline, diesel, and natural gas fuel IDs for each county for each year and month.
CountyYearMonth
Hour
Historical hourly temperature and relative humidity.
DataSource
Defines datasource identifiers used in other tables.
Diesel
Diesel sulfur content associated with each diesel ID.
EmissionType
Associates emission types (exhaust, evap, brake, tire) with EmissionTypelD used in other
tables
FileType
Defines the set of valid external files and their 3-character extensions.
Gasoline
Detailed fuel properties associated with each gasoline ID.
Hour
Defines the hour identifiers.
HPMSRoadType
Defines the 12 HPMS road type identifiers.
M6VCIass
Defines the 28 vehicle classes used in MOBILE6. These are the valid combinations of
M6Vtype and fuel.
M6VType
Defines the fuel-independent vehicle types used in MOBILE6.
NaturalGas
Natural gas sulfur content associated with each natural gas ID.
PollutantCode
Associates NIF pollutant codes and pollutant names with PollutantCodelD used in other
tables.
see
Associates with each SCCID an SCC code and description, and ratios for NH3, PM25,
and for converting between HC forms.
SCCToxics
SCC and fuel property-dependent ratios for calculating HAPs, dioxin/furans, and metals.
State
Associates State names and abbreviations with State FIPS codes used in other tables.
VMTGrowth
The annual VMT growth rate for a M6VCIass by county and year.
VMTMonth
Allocation
Factors for allocating annual VMT to the 12 months, by M6VType and HPMSRoadType,
used if there are no county-specific values in CountyVMTMonthAllocation.
3.2.2 Onroad VMT
The NCD is populated with VMT data developed from information provided by the FHWA, as
well as 2002 State-supplied VMT data grown to 2005. For 2005, a full VMT database
developed from FHWA information at the county, roadway type, and vehicle type level of detail
was first prepared. For States and local areas that submitted VMT data that were incorporated in
the 2002 NEI, the 2002 NEI VMT data were grown to 2005 using growth factors developed from
the FHWA data, and these grown VMT data replaced the baseline FHWA-based 2005 VMT
data. Finally, the default 2005 VMT data were then replaced by State data where these data
were supplied to EPA for the 2005 NEI effort. VMT data in the NCD is contained in the
BaseYearVMT table. To use this table, the VMT data for a given county must contain records
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for each of the 12 HPMS functional roadway types and the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes, for a
total of 336 records in this table per county. The VMT data in the NMIM BaseYearVMT table
is annual data in units of millions of miles.
3.2.2.1 Annual
3.2.2.1.1 Data Sources Used to Develop VMT
The 2005 VMT database was developed using data supplied directly by FHWA and as well as
publicly available data from FHWA's Highway Statistics data series (FHWA, 2006). The
FHWA data sets that were provided include the HPMS universe data, sample data, state data
summaries for rural minor collector, rural local, and small urban local, and local daily VMT for
urbanized areas (Rozycki, 2006). The Highway Statistics data used in the VMT development
include:
• Table VM-2, "Functional System Travel, Annual Vehicle-Miles,"
• Table VM-1, "Annual Vehicle Distance Traveled in Miles and Related Data by Highway
Category and Vehicle Type," and
• Table HM-71, "Urbanized Areas, Miles and Daily Vehicle-Miles of Travel."
Table VM-2 contains State-level summaries of miles of annual travel in each State by functional
system and by rural and urban areas. Rural VMT is provided on a state level for the six HPMS
rural functional roadway types: interstate, other principal arterial, minor arterial, major collector,
minor collector, and local. Urban VMT is provided on a state level for the six HPMS urban
roadway types: interstate, other freeways and expressways, other principal arterial, minor
arterial, collector, and local.
Table VM-1 provides annual VMT separated by rural and urban areas broken down into the
following vehicle categories: passenger cars, motorcycles, buses, other 2-axle 4-tire vehicles,
single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more trucks, and combination trucks.
From the HPMS data tables, Pechan extracted daily VMT by urban area (areas with a population
of 50,000 or more) and State in each of the six HPMS urban functional roadway categories. The
resulting data is similar to that in Table HM-71 from Highway Statistics with the exception that
Table HM-71 does not break down multi-state urban areas into the portion in each state. Pechan
also calculated the year-specific roadway mileage by county and each of the 12 HPMS
functional roadway classes from the HPMS data sets provided by FHWA.
In addition to the FHWA data, the 2005 Census population estimates were used in developing
the VMT database (USCB, 2006). The population file downloaded from this site was labeled
"County population and estimated components of population change, all counties: April 1, 2000
to July 1, 2005." The breakdown of population within a county by urban, rural, and small urban
designation is only available from the decennial census. Thus, the population ratios of urban,
small urban, and rural population to total county population are based on data from the 2000
Census, and are the same as those used in the 2002 NEI VMT development. These ratios are
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multiplied by the year-specific county population data to estimate the urban, small urban, and
rural populations in each county for 2005.
3.2.2.1.2 How Does EPA Estimate VMT?
The estimation of VMT is done by first developing a VMT database from the FHWA data and
then replacing the FHWA-based VMT with State-based VMT grown to 2005 for States and local
areas that supplied VMT data used in the 2002 NEI. The development of the FHWA-based
VMT starts with State-level VMT totals for each year from Highway Statistics Table VM-2. The
State-level VMT are then allocated by county, roadway type, and vehicle type. There are four
basic steps in this process: (1) allocate state-level rural VMT by roadway type to
county/roadway type level; (2) allocate large urban area VMT by roadway type to the
county/roadway type level; (3) allocate remaining state-level small urban VMT by roadway type
to the county/roadway type level; and (4) allocate county/roadway type level VMT to each of the
28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes for each county and roadway type combination. Each of these
steps is described in more detail in the following sections, followed by a discussion of the
procedure for growing the State-based VMT.
2002 Rural VMT Development
Rural Interstates
Rural interstate VMT is allocated from the State level to the county level based on rural
interstate roadway mileage. To estimate county-level VMT on rural interstates, EPA calculated
each county's fraction of the State's total rural interstate roadway mileage and then multiplied
that fraction by the State's 2005 rural interstate VMT total from Table VM-2. Equation 1 shows
this calculation.
VMT ri:c - VMT ri s * (MILrix: / MILrls)
(Eq. 1)
where:
VMTrix:
VMTri.s
MILric
MILRLS
Rural interstate VMT in county C (calculated)
Rural interstate VMT, State total (Highway Statistics Table
VM-2)
Rural interstate mileage in county C (FHWA)
Rural interstate mileage, State total (FWHA)
Rural Local Roads
For the rural local roadway type, VMT was allocated from the State to the county level using
rural population to determine the allocation fractions. The 2005 rural population was first
estimated at the county level by multiplying the Census Bureau's year-specific county-level
population estimates by the ratio of each county's rural population from the 2000 Census to its
total rural plus urban 2000 population. The rural local VMT at the county level was then
calculated by multiplying the State's rural local VMT total by the ratio of a county's rural
population to the State's rural population. The equation used for this calculation is the same as
Equation 1, but with rural interstate mileage replaced by rural population.
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Other Rural Roadway Types
EPA allocated VMT for the remaining four rural roadway types (other principal arterials, minor
arterials, major collectors, and minor collectors) from the State level to the county level using
rural county population as the primary source of the VMT allocation. Additionally, VMT for a
specific roadway type was distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the
specified roadway type, based on the roadway mileage file data from FHWA. Thus, rural
population within a State was totaled individually for each of these four rural roadway types,
including only population from counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway
type. Equation 2 shows the equation used to calculate county-level VMT on rural roadway types
other than rural interstates.
2002 Urban Area VMT Development
The procedure for developing urban area VMT at the county and road type level involves
allocating the FHWA State/urban area VMT data to the county level using the Census data on
urban area population by county as well as the FHWA roadway mileage data by county and road
type. The FHWA urban area VMT data are in units of average daily miles. These data are first
converted to millions of annual miles to be consistent with the Table VM-2 State-level data by
multiplying the urban area VMT data by 365 and dividing by 1,000,000.
The urban area population contributed by each of the counties contained at least in part by the
urban area is prepared only for the decennial censuses. Therefore, fractions were calculated
from the year 2000 population data of the ratio of the county population in each State/urban area
combination to the total State/urban area population for each State/urban area. As shown in
Equation 3, each county's share of a State/urban area's VMT were calculated by distributing
urban area VMT from the HPMS State/urban area VMT data based on the fraction of the urban
area's population contained in a given county. As with the rural VMT allocations, VMT for a
specific roadway type is distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the
specified roadway type, based on the HPMS roadway mileage data. Thus, the county-level
State/urban population fractions are divided by the total State/urban area population fraction
from counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type. For the urban local
roadway category, VMT is distributed strictly by urban population, assuming that all counties
with urban populations have mileage in the urban local roadway category.
VMTrx,c - VMTrx,s * (POPrx,c / POPrx,s)
(Eq. 2)
where: VMTrx,c
VMTrx,s
VMT on rural roadtype X in county C (calculated)
VMT on rural roadtype X, State total (Highway Statistics Table
VM-2)
Rural population in county C with nonzero mileage from rural
roadway type X (0 if zero mileage from rural roadway type X in
county C) (Census)
Rural population, State total of all counties with nonzero mileage
from rural roadway type X (Census)
POPrc
POPr,s
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VMTx,c = VMTx,a * (POPxx / POPx,a)
(Eq. 3)
where: VMTx,c
State/urban area A's VMT on roadway type X in county C
(calculated)
Total of State/urban area A's VMT on roadway type X (FHWA)
State/urban area A's population fraction in county C with nonzero
mileage from urban roadway type X (Census)
State/urban area A's total population fraction from all counties
with nonzero mileage from urban roadway type X (Census)
VMTx.s
POPx,c
POPx,A
2002 Small Urban VMT Development
The urban VMT included in Table VM-2 of Highway Statistics 2002 accounts for VMT from
both urban (population greater than 50,000) and small urban areas. Thus, small urban VMT is
calculated by subtracting the urban VMT, calculated as discussed above, from the urban VMT
totals in Table VM-2. First, the resultant annual VMT for urban areas was totaled by State and
roadway type and was then subtracted from the total urban VMT by State and roadway type
reported in Table VM-2. This calculation results in small urban VMT by State and roadway
type.
To allocate the small urban VMT to the county level, EPA first estimated the county-level
population in small urban areas. The Census 2000 urban area population from Census-defined
urban areas was totaled by county to determine the population in each county falling in the
Census-defined urban areas. This population was then subtracted from the Census total urban
population for each county in 2000. The small urban population fraction was then calculated for
each county as the ratio of the county small urban county population to the total county
population. These 2000 small urban population fractions by county were then multiplied by the
2005 county-level population to estimate 2005 small urban population. Finally, each county's
small urban population was calculated as a fraction of the total State's small urban population to
use in allocating the small urban VMT from the State to the county level.
As with the rural and urban VMT allocations, the small urban VMT for a specific roadway type
was distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type,
based on the FHWA roadway mileage data. Thus, the county-level State/small urban population
fractions are divided by the total State/small urban population fraction from counties with
nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type. For the small urban local roadway
category, VMT is distributed strictly by small urban population, assuming that all counties with
small urban populations have mileage in the urban local roadway category. Equation 4 shows
the equation used to calculate county-level VMT on small urban roadway types.
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VMTsx,c = VMTsx,s * (POPSx,c/POPSx,s ) (Eq. 4)
where: VMTSx,c = VMT on small urban roadtype X in county C (calculated)
VMTSx,s = VMT on small urban roadtype X, State total (obtained by
subtracting large urban VMT from total urban VMT from Highway
Statistics Table VM-2)
POPsx,c = Small urban population fraction in county C with nonzero mileage
from urban roadway type X (Census data) (0 if zero mileage from
urban roadway type X in county C)
POPSx,s = State's small urban population fraction total from all counties with
nonzero mileage from urban roadway type X (Census data)
3.2.2.1.3 2002 VMT Allocation by Vehicle Type
In order to be compatible with the VMT data contained in the NMIM National County Database,
the 2005 VMT must be allocated to the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types for each county and roadway
type. This allocation was done for each year using the distribution of the VMT among the six
HPMS vehicle types found in Table VM-1 of FHWA's Highway Statistics for each year and a
mapping of these HPMS vehicle categories to the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types. First, the VMT
totals for each of the six HPMS vehicle categories (passenger cars, motorcycles, other 2-axle 4-
tire vehicles, single unit 2-axle 6-tire or more trucks, combination trucks, and buses) were
calculated as a fraction of the total VMT. This calculation was performed separately for five
groups of roadway classes. The resulting 2005 HPMS VMT fractions for each roadway class
group are shown in Table 3-9. Next, each of the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types was assigned to one
of the 6 HPMS vehicle categories, as shown in Table 3-10. This table also provides mapping of
MOBILE6 vehicle classes to the eight MOBILE5 vehicle classes and the 12 SCC-level vehicle
categories. Using the default year-specific MOBILE6 VMT fractions presented in Table 3-11,
the MOBILE6 VMT fractions for all of the MOBILE6 vehicle types within a given HPMS
vehicle category were renormalized so that the total of the renormalized VMT fractions from all
of the MOBILE6 vehicle types within an HPMS vehicle category would be 1. Then the HPMS
VMT fractions for each roadway group were separately multiplied by the renormalized
MOBILE6 VMT fractions for all MOBILE6 vehicle types included within a given HPMS
vehicle category.
For example, Table 3-10 shows that the HPMS Passenger Car vehicle category includes the
MOBILE6 LDGV and LDDV vehicle types. Therefore, the default 2005 MOBILE6 VMT
fraction for LDGVs (0.415795 in 2005) was renormalized by dividing it by the sum of the
LDGV and LDDV default 2005 MOBILE6 VMT fractions (0.416352 in 2005). This number
(0.415795/0.416352 or 0.998662) was then multiplied by the HPMS VMT fraction for Passenger
Cars (0.473242 for rural interstates). This resulted in a LDGV VMT fraction of 0.472608 and
LDDV VMT fraction of 0.000633 on rural interstates.
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Table 3-9. HPMS 2005 VMT Fractions by Road Types and Vehicle Categories
Other 2-
Single-
Unit 2-Axle
Axle 4-
6-Tire or
Passenger
Tire
More
Combination
Road Type
Cars
Motorcycles
Buses
Vehicles
Trucks
Trucks
Rural Interstate
0.473242
0.005537
0.003750
0.317665
0.029980
0.169827
Rural Other Principal Arterial
Rural Minor Arterial
0.521711
0.003536
0.002409
0.371768
0.035350
0.065226
Rural Major Collector
Rural Minor Collector
0.548301
0.004271
0.004360
0.367183
0.038705
0.037180
Rural Local
Urban Interstate
0.553440
0.004896
0.002055
0.354199
0.022367
0.063043
Urban Other Freeways and Expressways
Urban Other Principal Arterial
Urban Minor Arterial
0.601088
0.002702
0.001412
0.352926
0.021652
0.020221
Urban Collector
Urban Local
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Table 3-10. Mapping of HPMS Vehicle Categories to MOBILE6, MOBILE5, and
SCC-Level Vehicle Classes
MOBILE6
SCC-Level
MOBILE5
HPMS Vehicle Category
Vehicle Classes
Vehicle Classes
Vehicle Classes
Passenger Cars
LDGV
LDDV
LDGV (2201001)
LDDV (2230001)
LDGV
LDDV
Motorcycles
MC
MC (2201080)
MC
Other 2-Axle 4-Tire
LDGT1
LDGT1 (2201020)
LDGT1
Vehicles
LDGT2
LDGT3
LDGT2 (2201040)
LDGT2
LDGT4
LDDT12
LDDT (2230060)
LDDT
LDDT34
HDGV2B
HDGV (2201070)
HDGV
HDDV2B
2BHDDV (2230071)
HDDV
Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-Tire or
HDGV3
HDGV (2201070)
HDGV
More Trucks
HDGV4
HDGV5
HDGV6
HDGV7
HDDV3
HDDV4
LHDDV (2230072)
HDDV
HDDV5
HDDV6
MHDDV (2230073)
HDDV
HDDV7
Combination Trucks
HDGV8A
HDGV8B
HDGV (2201070)
HDGV
HDDV8A
HHDDV (2230074)
HDDV
HDDV8B
Buses
HDGB
HDGV (2201070)
HDGV
HDDBT
BUS (2230075)
HDDV
HDDBS
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Table 3-11. VMT Fractions by MOBILE6 Vehicle Categories
Vehicle
No.
Vehicle
Category
VMT Fractions
2003
2004
2005
1
LDGV
0.442395
0.428586
0.415795
2
LDGT1
0.073794
0.076069
0.078241
3
LDGT2
0.245658
0.253227
0.260463
4
LDGT3
0.075257
0.077564
0.079773
5
LDGT4
0.034606
0.035668
0.036686
6
HDGV2B
0.029423
0.029643
0.029718
7
HDGV3
0.001045
0.001050
0.001052
8
HDGV4
0.000479
0.000454
0.000430
9
HDGV5
0.001143
0.001130
0.001115
10
HDGV6
0.002447
0.002407
0.002365
11
HDGV7
0.001086
0.001042
0.001008
12
HDGV8A
0.000004
0.000003
0.000003
13
HDGV8B
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
14
LDDV
0.000660
0.000587
0.000557
15
LDDT12
0.000189
0.000186
0.000192
16
HDDV2B
0.009302
0.009273
0.009221
17
HDDV3
0.002798
0.002802
0.002797
18
HDDV4
0.002552
0.002619
0.002671
19
HDDV5
0.001156
0.001195
0.001226
20
HDDV6
0.006131
0.006245
0.006316
21
HDDV7
0.009045
0.009172
0.009229
22
HDDV8A
0.011058
0.011116
0.011128
23
HDDV8B
0.039409
0.039632
0.039694
24
MC
0.005918
0.005815
0.005745
25
HDGB
0.000440
0.000400
0.000336
26
HDDBT
0.000943
0.000939
0.000941
27
HDDBS
0.001511
0.001566
0.001631
28
LDDT34
0.001551
0.001609
0.001666
Table 3-12 lists the resulting VMT fractions for 2005 for each of the MOBILE6 vehicle types
and each of the five roadway groups from Table VM-1 of Highway Statistics. Finally, each of
the VMT records in the 2005 VMT data base, at the state/county/roadway type level of detail
was then multiplied by the fraction of VMT in each of the corresponding MOBILE6 vehicle type
categories to obtain total annual VMT at the state/county/roadway type/MOBILE6 vehicle type
level.
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Table 3-12. Allocation of VMT from HPMS Vehicle Categories to
MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes for 2005
MOBILE6
HPMS Vehicle
Vehicle
Rural
Rural
Rural
Urban
Urban
Category
Classes
Interstates
Arterials
Other
Interstates
Other
Passenger
LDGV
0.472608
0.521013
0.546521
0.553338
0.600284
Cars
LDDV
0.000633
0.000698
0.000732
0.000741
0.000804
Motorcycles
MC
0.005537
0.003536
0.004263
0.004901
0.002702
Other 2-Axle 4-
LDGT1
0.050114
0.058649
0.057815
0.055942
0.055676
Tire Vehicles
LDGT2
0.166828
0.195241
0.192465
0.186229
0.185346
LDGT3
0.051095
0.059797
0.058947
0.057037
0.056767
LDGT4
0.023498
0.027500
0.027109
0.026230
0.026106
LDDT12
0.000123
0.000144
0.000142
0.000137
0.000137
LDDT34
0.001067
0.001249
0.001231
0.001191
0.001186
HDGV2B
0.019035
0.022276
0.021960
0.021248
0.021147
HDDV2B
0.005906
0.006912
0.006814
0.006593
0.006562
HDGV3 0.001118 0.001318 0.001441 0.000835 0.000807
HDGV4 0.000457 0.000539 0.000589 0.000341 0.000330
HDGV5 0.001185 0.001397 0.001527 0.000885 0.000856
HDGV6 0.002513 0.002964 0.003239 0.001877 0.001815
HDGV7 0.001071 0.001263 0.001380 0.000800 0.000774
HDDV3 0.002973 0.003505 0.003830 0.002220 0.002147
HDDV4 0.002839 0.003347 0.003658 0.002120 0.002050
HDDV5 0.001303 0.001536 0.001679 0.000973 0.000941
HDDV6 0.006712 0.007915 0.008649 0.005014 0.004848
HDDV7 0.009808 0.011565 0.012639 0.007326 0.007084
Combination
Trucks
HDGV8A
HDGV8B
HDDV8A
HDDV8B
0.000010
0.000000
0.037183
0.132634
0.000004
0.000000
0.014281
0.050941
0.000002
0.000000
0.008125
0.028982
0.000004
0.000000
0.013819
0.049293
0.000001
0.000000
0.004427
0.015793
Buses
HDGB
HDDBT
HDDBS
0.000433
0.001214
0.002103
0.000278
0.000780
0.001351
0.000503
0.001408
0.004352
0.000238
0.000666
0.000000
0.000163
0.000457
0.000792
Total
1.000000
1.000000
1.000000
1.000000
1.000000
Single-Unit 2-
Axle 6-Tire or
More Trucks
3.2.2.1.4 How Were 2002 State VMT Estimates Incorporated into the 2005 NEI?
For the final version of the 2002 NEI, a number of State and local agencies submitted 2002 VMT
data that were accepted by EPA for incorporation into the NEI. Table 3-13 lists the States that
submitted VMT. Unless a specific county is listed, VMT data were submitted for all counties.
Otherwise, VMT data were submitted only for the county listed. For a complete description of
procedures used to incorporate State-supplied VMT into the 2002 NEI, see EPA, 2007b. For
these States and counties, the 2002 VMT data from the 2002 Final NEI, as contained in the 2002
NMIM National County Database (NCD20060201) Base Year VMT table, were projected to
2005.
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Table 3-13. List of States or Counties with State or
Locally-Provided VMT in the 2002 NEI
State County
Alabama
Arizona Maricopa County
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Iowa
Kentucky Jefferson County
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Nebraska Lancaster County
Nevada
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Pechan developed VMT growth factors based on the FHWA-based VMT data files developed as
described above for 2005. A comparable file prepared earlier for 2002 was also used. The
growth factors were calculated at the State, county, vehicle type, and road type level of detail by
dividing the year 2005 VMT value by the corresponding 2002 VMT value, all from the FHWA-
based VMT databases. Next, each VMT value from the 2002 NMIM National County Database
BaseYearVMT that was based on State or locally-provided data was multiplied by the
corresponding growth factor at the state, county, road type, and MOBILE6 vehicle type level.
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In cases where the growth factor was calculated to be 0, the 2002 NMIM NCD VMT was
multiplied by a factor of 1. In cases where the growth factors are not equal to zero and the 2002
NMIM NCD VMT are equal to zero, the projected VMT values are reported as 0.
Table 3-14 provides sample data for projecting 2002 State-provided VMT to 2005. The data
presented in these tables are based on Kent County, Delaware, VMT data for vehicle categories
LDGV, HDGV2B, and LDDT34.
3.2.2.1.5 How were 2005 State VMT Estimates Incorporated in the NEI
For the 2005 NEI, 2005 VMT data were submitted in several different formats. Several States
submitted VMT data in the NMIM BaseYearVMT table format. Others supplied VMT at the
8 or 12 vehicle type level. Therefore, EPA developed procedures to expand all of the VMT data
to the 28 vehicle type and 12 roadway type level of detail. The procedures followed to expand
the VMT for all of these States to the 28 vehicle type level and 12 roadway type level are
discussed below.
Expanding State/Local VMT to the 28 Vehicle Classes
In nearly all cases the vehicle class information available from measurements of VMT, such as
those obtained from the HPMS or State departments of transportation, are not as detailed as used
by NMIM. The vehicle classifications used in NMIM are the same as used in the MOBILE6
output (see Table 3-5b).
EPA guidance ("Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory
Preparation," January 2002, Section 4.1 (EPA, 2002a)) allows the use of the VMT distribution
calculated by MOBILE6 to be used to disaggregate local VMT information into more
disaggregate vehicle classifications. However, the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes must be
mapped unambiguously to the more aggregate eight MOBILE5 or 12 SCC level vehicle types.
Table 3-15 shows the mapping of the MOBILE6 classes to the eight or 12 vehicle classifications.
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Table 3-14. Calculation and Application of 2002 to 2005 Growth Factors for an Example County
FHWA VMT
NMIM
Projected
Class
MOBILE6
Vehicle
County
Database
Growth
State -
provided
State
County
No.
Road Type
Type
2002
2005
2002 VMT
Factors
VMT
DE
Kent County
11
Rural Interstate
LDDT34
0.0000
0.0000
0.0608
0.0000
0.0608
DE
Kent County
13
Rural Other Principal Arterial
LDDT34
0.5696
0.4891
1.0873
0.8587
0.9337
DE
Kent County
15
Rural Minor Arterial
LDDT34
0.1593
0.1185
0.2511
0.7439
0.1868
DE
Kent County
17
Rural Major Collector
LDDT34
0.2460
0.2242
0.3925
0.9114
0.3577
DE
Kent County
19
Rural Minor Collector
LDDT34
0.0399
0.0412
0.0199
1.0326
0.0205
DE
Kent County
21
Rural Local
LDDT34
0.2206
0.1549
0.0711
0.7022
0.0499
DE
Kent County
23
Urban Interstate
LDDT34
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
DE
Kent County
25
Urban Other Freeways and Expressway
LDDT34
0.0987
0.1209
0.1286
1.2249
0.1575
DE
Kent County
27
Urban Other Principal Arterial
LDDT34
0.1071
0.3001
0.1464
2.8021
0.4102
DE
Kent County
29
Urban Minor Arterial
LDDT34
0.2164
0.3876
0.2439
1.7911
0.4368
DE
Kent County
31
Urban Collector
LDDT34
0.1237
0.1711
0.0765
1.3832
0.1058
DE
Kent County
33
Urban Local
LDDT34
0.0995
0.2451
0.0054
2.4633
0.0133
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Table 3-15. Mapping of MOBILE6 to MOBILE5 Vehicle Classes
MOBILES 8
SCC-Level 12 Vehicle
MOBILE6
MOBILE6 Vehicle
Vehicle Classes
Classes
Vehicle Class
Class Code
LDGV
LDGV (2201001)
LDGV
1
LDGT1
LDGT1 (2201020)
LDGT1
2
LDGT2
3
LDGT2
LDGT2 (2201040)
LDGT3
4
LDGT4
5
HDGV
HDGV (2201070)
HDGV2B
6
HDGV3
7
HDGV4
8
HDGV5
9
HDGV6
10
HDGV7
11
HDGV8A
12
HDGV8B
13
HDGB
25
MC
MC (2201080)
MC
24
LDDV
LDDV (2230001)
LDDV
14
LDDT
LDDT (2230060)
LDDT 12
15
LDDT34
28
HDDV
2BHDDV (2230071)
HDDV2B
16
LHDDV (2230072)
HDDV3
17
HDDV4
18
HDDV5
19
MHDDV (2230073)
HDDV6
20
HDDV7
21
HHDDV (2230074)
HDDV8A
22
HDDV8B
23
BUS (2230075)
HDDBT
26
HDDBS
27
Next, the fractions of each MOBILE5 or SCC-level vehicle type represented by each MOBILE6
class is calculated. For clarity, the calculated fractions are referred to here as "factors" and the
original VMT fractions as "fractions." This factor is the MOBILE6 VMT fraction divided by the
sum of all MOBILE6 VMT fractions which are mapped into that MOBILE5 or SCC-level
vehicle type to which the each MOBILE6 VMT fraction belongs. For example, the representing
factor for LDGV, LDDV and MC are one, since there is only one MOBILE6 vehicle class
(themselves) in the corresponding MOBILE5 class in which they belong. The MOBILE6
LDGT1 fraction would be divided by the sum of the MOBILE6 LDGT1 and LDGT2 fractions,
which both belong to the MOBILE5 LDGT1 category to give the LDGT1 factor. Each
MOBILE6 class fraction mapped to the MOBILE5 HDDV category would be divided by the
sum of the MOBILE6 fractions from all ten of the classes mapped to that MOBILE5 category.
When completed, there will be 28 factors. The value of the sum of the factors within each
MOBILE5 category will be one, when starting with data at the 8 MOBILE5 vehicle class level.
The factors are applied to the eight VMT values corresponding to each of the eight MOBILE5
vehicle classifications or to the 12 VMT values corresponding the each of the 12 SCC-level
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vehicle classifications. This divides the VMT in each of the MOBILE5 or SCC-level classes to
the MOBILE6 classes that make it up. When completed, the total VMT sum of all 28 vehicle
classes will be the same as the total VMT sum from the original eight VMT values.
Expanding State/Local VMT by Roadway Type
As mentioned above, several State or local agencies supplied VMT data that was not allocated
by roadway type. In these cases, EPA relied on the VMT data from the 2005 NEI Version 1 to
allocate the VMT by roadway type to develop ratios of VMT by roadway type for each county
and vehicle type. These ratios were then used to allocate the VMT data developed as discussed
above to the 12 roadway types.
3.2.2.2 Monthly A llocation
The table CountyVMTMonthAllocation within the NCD provides the ability to supply NMIM
with monthly temporal allocation factors. If these data are supplied, the allocation factors must
be specified by the 28 vehicle types, 12 roadway types, and for each month of the year. State or
local data were supplied by Delaware, Maryland, Minnesota, Utah, and Washington for these
monthly temporal allocation factors. In some cases, the data supplied by the State agencies was
replicated by EPA to include the appropriate coverage in NMIM. For example, if a State
supplied monthly temporal allocation factors with corresponding county, road type, and month
codes, but no vehicle type codes, the monthly factors were replicated so that the same data would
be provided for each vehicle type corresponding to the county, road type, and month provided by
the State.
The table County VMTMonthAllocation within the NCD contains the NMIM default values for
the monthly temporal allocation factors. Annual VMT data are temporally allocated to months
within the NMIM code using defaults if no data are included in the NMIM
County VMTMonthAllocation table. EPA uses seasonal 1985 National Acid Precipitation
Assessment Program (NAPAP) temporal allocation factors (EPA, 1990) to apportion the VMT to
the four seasons. Monthly VMT data are then obtained by using a ratio between the number of
days in a month and the number of days in the corresponding season. These temporal factors are
shown in Table 3-16.
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Table 3-16. NMIM Default VMT Seasonal and Monthly Temporal Allocation Factors
Roadway
Seasonal VMT Factors
Vehicle Type
Type
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
LDV, LDT, MC
Rural
0.2160
0.2390
0.2890
0.2560
LDV, LDT, MC
Urban
0.2340
0.2550
0.2650
0.2450
HDV
All
0.2500
0.2500
0.2500
0.2500
Monthly VMT Factors
Vehicle Type
Roadway
Type
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
LDV, LDT, MC
Rural
7.44
6.72
8.05
7.79
8.05
9.42
9.74
9.75
8.44
8.72
8.44
7.44
LDV, LDT, MC
Urban
8.06
7.28
8.6
8.33
8.6
8.65
8.94
8.94
8.09
8.36
8.09
8.06
HDV
All
8.62
7.78
8.42
8.15
8.42
8.15
8.42
8.42
8.24
8.52
8.24
8.62
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3.2.3 Fuel Properties
NMIM contains average gasoline, diesel and natural gas fuel properties for each month of
calendar year 2005. Each county may have different fuel properties from other counties in the
State, as reflected in the County YearMonth table of the NCD. For Version 2 of the 2005 NEI,
several States provided information to update fuel properties for their counties.
3.2.3.1 Gasoline
The same gasoline fuel properties are used for both onroad and nonroad inventories. The fuel
properties stored in the Gasoline table include:
• Average RVP
• Average sulfur content
• Maximum sulfur content
• RVP waiver flag indicating whether a waiver has been granted to allow splash
blending of alcohol-based oxygenates that allows alcohol-based oxygenated fuels to
exceed the RVP requirements by up to 1 pound per square inch (psi)
• Ethanol (ETOH) percent (by volume) of ethanol blended gasolines
• Ethanol blend market share
• MTBE (percent (by volume) of ether blended gasolines
• MTBE blend market share
• ETBE (Ethyl Tertiary Butyl Ether) percent (by volume) of ether blended gasolines
• ETBE blend market share
• TAME (Tertiary Amyl Methyl Ether) percent (by volume) of ether blended
gasolines
• TAME blend market share
• Aromatic content
• Olefin content
• Benzene content
• E200 (vapor percentage of gasoline at 200 degrees Fahrenheit)
• E300 (vapor percentage of gasoline at 300 degrees Fahrenheit)
• Reformulated gasoline (RFG) flag
For the 2005 NEI Version 1, the gasoline properties were derived from several surveys
including:
• EPA's "2005 Reformulated Gasoline Properties Survey Data" (EPA, 2005a)
• 2005 Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers (AAM) survey (AAM, 2005)
• EPA's "Reformulated Gasoline and Anti-Dumping Regulation Batch Reports" (EPA,
2005b)
• U.S. DOE's Energy Information Administration's Petroleum Supply Annual 2005
(DOE, 2005)
The fuel properties of gasoline are currently being measured regularly in national surveys in both
summer and winter. There are also studies that track the total amount of ethanol produced for
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use in gasoline each year. The properties of Reformulated Gasoline sold in areas which are
federally required to have them are measured each year. In addition, the fuel properties of all
gasoline produced and imported by refineries are reported annually to EPA. This information
can be used to estimate the expected average gasoline properties in a given historical calendar
year. Using this information combined with information about the distribution of gasoline to and
from Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADDs) in combination with the city
specific surveys, the average gasoline properties in each county can be estimated.
Details of how the fuel survey data were applied to individual States and counties are described
in the report, "Process for Utilizing Survey Data to Determine County Specific Gasoline
Properties" (EPA, 2008).
For the 2005 NEI, changes were made to gasoline IDs in some of the counties in the following
States:
• Maine (FIPSStateID=23)
• Maryland (24)
• Michigan (26)
• Wisconsin (55)
Below is a brief description of the changes in the fuel specifications provided by States for the
2005 NEI.
Maine (23)
Gasoline formulations were updated for all six gasoline descriptions used in the state of Maine.
A couple of month-specific RVP changes were made, and parameters used for air toxics
modeling were changed. These changes were made based on information from a report entitled,
"2005 Maine Fuels Report and Status of MTBE Ban Report."
Maryland (24)
Gasoline formulations for both onroad and nonroad engines were updated based on data
provided by Maryland for counties in RFG areas. This change affected gasoline properties for
14 counties in the State. In addition, diesel sulfur levels for onroad engines were updated for all
counties using existing diesel fuel profiles and eight additional profiles added by Maryland (see
discussion of diesel sulfur defaults in Section 3.2.3.2).
Michigan (26)
Gasoline formulations for nonroad engines were updated based on data provided by Michigan
for all counties.
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Wisconsin (55)
Gasoline formulations for nonroad engines were revised for all counties in the State. For the six
counties with RFG programs (Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Washington and
Waukesha Counties), May through October RVP values were updated. In addition, year-round
values for gasoline sulfur, ETOH, Aromatic Content, Olefin Content, Benzene Content, E200
and E300 were revised. For all other counties in Wisconsin, these same values were updated, in
addition to the presumed market share for ETOH and MTBE.
3.2.3.2 Diesel and Natural Gas
For diesel fuel and natural gas, the only fuel property stored is sulfur content, in the Diesel and
Natural Gas tables of the NCD, respectively.
3.2.3.2.1 Diesel Sulfur Contents for Onroad Vehicles
For the final 2002 NEI, OTAQ developed diesel sulfur content values for each State based on
2000 January and July diesel fuel sulfur content data obtained for a number of survey cities from
the AAMA fuel surveys done each calendar year in the January and July (AAM, 2002). The
same values were used for 2005.
The January sulfur data were applied in the winter months (December, January, and February)
and the July sulfur data were applied in the summer months (June, July, and August). For the
remaining months, the average of the January and July sulfur content values were applied.
Table 3-17 lists the diesel fuel survey cities and the 2000 winter and summer diesel sulfur values
obtained for these cities, along with the spring and fall sulfur values calculated from the winter
and summer data.
The method for mapping fuel values follows the basic procedure that EPA developed for
allocating RVP that is described in previous Trends/NEI report (EPA, 2004a). The method is
based on assigning a single set of monthly fuel sulfur data to each State, either from a single
survey city which represents the State or from the weighted average of nearby cities. The same
set of fuel values for the State is then assigned to every county in the State in the NCD.
Table 3-18 shows the weighting from each of the survey cities in a given State. Note that the
diesel fuel survey includes fewer cities than the Alliance gasoline surveys. Thus, there are
several surrogate city assignments from the original RVP work that have no matching surveyed
city in the diesel sulfur data. In these cases, the average values from all of the surveyed cities
were used. These values are shown in Table 3-17 in the row labeled "Average US."
For example, Table 3-18 shows that two of the survey cities would be mapped to Alabama—city
2 (Atlanta) gets a weight of 3 and city 16 (Average U.S.) gets a weight of 1. Therefore,
Alabama's diesel sulfur would be calculated by the following equation:
((3 * Atlanta diesel sulfur content) + (1 * Average US diesel sulfur content))/(3+1)
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Table 3-17. Survey Cities and 2000 Diesel Sulfur Values
Survey
City Index
Survey City
1
Albuquerque, NM
2
Atlanta, GA
4
Billings, MT
5
Boston, MA
6
Chicago, IL
7
Cleveland, OH
9
Denver, CO
10
Detroit, Ml
11
Kansas City, MO
13
Los Angeles, CA
14
Miami, FL
15
Minneapolis/St. Paul
17
New York City, NY
18
Philadelphia, PA
21
San Antonio, TX
23
Seattle, WA
24
St. Louis, MO
All others
Average US
2000 Diesel Fuel Sulfur Content (ppm)
Winter
Summer
Fall and Spring
330
300
315
340
400
370
330
300
315
340
400
370
350
400
375
320
300
310
360
400
380
350
400
375
370
400
385
120
100
110
360
400
380
290
300
295
340
300
320
280
300
290
400
300
350
300
300
300
320
300
310
324
329
326
Table 3-18. City Mapping and Weights for Diesel Sulfur
State
Abbreviation
State FIPS
City Index
Weight
AL
1
2
3
AL
1
16
1
AK
2
26
2
AZ
4
19
1
AR
5
24
1
CA
6
13
5
CO
8
9
5
CT
9
5
2
CT
9
17
1
DE
10
18
2
DC
11
25
1
FL
12
14
3
GA
13
2
2
HI
15
27
1
ID
16
4
1
ID
16
23
1
IL
17
6
1
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State
Abbreviation
State FIPS
City Index
Weight
IL
17
24
1
IL
17
24
1
IN
18
6
1
IN
18
7
IA
19
15
1
KS
20
11
1
KY
21
2
1
KY
21
6
1
KY
21
7
KY
21
24
1
KY
21
28
1
LA
22
16
3
ME
23
5
6
ME
23
28
1
MD
24
18
2
MD
24
25
2
MA
25
5
5
Ml
26
10
4
MN
27
15
2
MS
28
24
1
MO
29
11
1
MO
29
24
1
MT
30
4
2
NE
31
11
1
NE
31
15
1
NV
32
12
1
NV
32
22
1
NH
33
5
3
NJ
34
17
1
NJ
34
18
2
NJ
34
28
1
NM
35
1
1
NY
36
17
2
NY
36
28
7
NC
37
2
5
ND
38
15
1
OH
39
7
10
OH
39
10
1
OH
39
28
1
OK
40
11
1
OK
40
24
1
OR
41
22
2
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State
Abbreviation
State FIPS
City Index
Weight
OR
41
23
2
PA
42
7
2
PA
42
18
2
PA
42
28
8
Rl
44
5
1
SC
45
2
5
SD
46
15
1
TN
47
2
4
TN
47
24
1
TX
48
1
1
TX
48
16
2
TX
48
16
2
TX
48
21
1
UT
49
9
2
VT
50
15
1
VA
51
2
2
VA
51
25
3
WA
53
23
4
WV
54
7
4
WV
54
28
3
Wl
55
6
4
Wl
55
15
7
WY
56
4
1
WY
56
9
1
PR
72
14
1
VI
78
14
1
The weight numbers were originally determined based on a list that OTAQ derived which
mapped Alliance survey cities to each non-attainment area in the country, as well as some
additional metropolitan areas. The weight for a given survey city was determined by adding up
the number of areas in the State that had that survey city mapped to it.
3.2.3.2.2 Diesel Sulfur Contents for Nonroad Vehicles
For nonroad engines, the version of NMIM used for the 2005 NEI reflects a difference in the
sulfur content of diesel fuel used by recreational marine engines compared to the sulfur content
of diesel fuel used by other nonroad engines in the county. For California, a 120 ppm diesel
sulfur content, much lower than the national average, was assumed for nonroad engines in all
counties. Diesel sulfur values by category and by State are listed in Table 3-19. These values
are based on the regulatory impact analyses performed for the Clean Air Diesel Rule (EPA,
2004b).
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Table 3-19. Nonroad Diesel Sulfur Levels by Category and by State
State
Land-Based Diesel
Equipment
Fuel Sulfur Level,
ppm
Recreational Marine
Diesel Equipment
Fuel Sulfur Level,
ppm
Alaska
2570
2570
California
120
120
Hawaii
2381
2421
All Other States
2457
2765
3.2.3.2.3 Natural Gas Sulfur Content
The sulfur content of natural gas was assumed to be 30 ppm in both Version 1 and 2 of the 2005
NEI inventories.
3.2.4 Environmental Data
Environmental data are the parameters that affect emissions which are a property of the
environment in which the source is operated. The environmental parameters used in the
modeling of mobile sources are ambient temperature, humidity and altitude.
3.2.4.1 Temperature and Humidity
MOBILE6 allows daily temperatures to be supplied as either minimum and maximum
temperatures (as in MOBILE5) or as hourly average temperatures. However, since MOBILE6
calculates emissions separately for each hour of the day, user supplied minimum and maximum
temperatures are used to internally derive hourly temperatures, using a default diurnal
temperature profile, for use by MOBILE6. MOBILE6 also allows the entry of hourly relative
humidity levels. The NOx emission results from MOBILE6 are sensitive to humidity levels, and
hourly humidity levels are the most accurate way to represent daily humidity. Therefore, NMIM
requires that each county have both hourly average temperatures and hourly relative humidity
values for each month of the year.
Temperature and relative humidity are linked, since the value of relative humidity is in units of
percent, which depends on the temperature. The NCD contains a full set of default hourly
average temperatures and hourly relative humidity values for each county for each month. These
temperature and humidity values were derived from raw measurement data obtained from the
National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The NCDC data were obtained from stations of all
classifications, including First-Order (National Weather Service), Second-Order (both
Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) and Automated Weather Observing System
(AWOS)), and cooperative (local).
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Population centroids (latitude and longitude) for each county were obtained from the 2000 U.S.
Census. Population, rather than geographic, centroids were used to provide a reasonable
estimate of where the county's vehicle miles traveled and nonroad activity would be
concentrated. From each county's centroid, EPA calculated the distance and direction to each
weather station. The distance was computed using the standard great circle navigation method
and the constant course direction was computed using the standard rhumb line method. A rhumb
line is a line on a sphere that cuts all meridians at the same angle; for example, the path taken by
a ship or plane that maintains a constant compass direction. For each of the eight compass
directions (octant), the stations were sorted by distance. The station closest to the centroid for
each octant was chosen for further processing. If the closest station was more than 200 miles
away, that octant was ignored. (Such situations occurred near the oceans and the along the
Canadian and Mexican borders.) The temperatures from these eight (or fewer) stations were
then averaged together using inverse-distance weighting to produce an average county
temperature for each hour of the day.
Relative humidity is a calculated value that depends on both temperature and dew point.
Average hourly dew points were computed employing the same octal search, inverse-distance
weighting scheme as used for temperature. The relative humidity was then computed from the
resulting hourly temperature and dew point pairs.
The daily temperature and dew point averages for each hour were then used to calculate adjusted
monthly averages for each hour. Because minimum and maximum temperatures occur at
different hours each day, the minimum of the hourly averages will be higher than the average of
the daily minima, and the daily maximum of the hourly averages will be lower than the average
of the daily maxima.
To avoid this narrowing of the daily temperature range, the monthly average of hourly
temperatures was assumed to capture the daily temporal pattern and was mathematically
stretched so that the low temperature equaled the monthly average of the daily minima and the
high temperature equals the monthly average of the daily maxima, producing a set of monthly
average hourly temperatures consistent with the maximum and minimum values. Not all stations
record hourly temperature values, so the subset of the stations which do record hourly
temperatures was used to determine the initial average temperatures in each hour for each month.
The same procedure was applied to the dewpoint values. An adjusted monthly average hourly
relative humidity was then calculated from the adjusted monthly average hourly temperatures
and dewpoints.
The stretching algorithm used to produce the adjusted hourly temperatures and dewpoints using
the maximum, minimum and hourly values is shown here:
T = MinT + (t-mint)* [ (MaxT-MinT)/(maxt-mint) ]
D = MinD + (d-mind) * [ (MaxD-MinD)/(maxd-mind) ]
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where: T
t
The adjusted monthly average temperature for an hour in a month.
The average temperature for an hour in the month calculated from
the hourly point measurements taken at a fixed time each hour at
some stations.
The monthly average daily maximum temperature using all daily
maximum (peak) temperature reading from all stations.
The monthly average daily minimum temperature using all daily
minimum (peak) temperature reading from all stations.
The maximum monthly average hourly temperature calculated
from the maximum hourly point measurements taken at a fixed
time each hour at some stations.
The minimum monthly average hourly temperature calculated
from the minimum hourly point measurements taken at a fixed
time each hour at some stations.
The adjusted monthly average dewpoint for an hour in a month.
The average dewpoint for an hour in the month.
The monthly average daily maximum dewpoint.
The monthly average daily minimum dewpoint.
The maximum monthly average hourly dewpoint.
The minimum monthly average hourly dewpoint.
MaxT
MinT
maxt
mint
D
d
MaxD
MinD
maxd
mind
The determination of the default NMIM temperature and relative humidity values is discussed in
more detail in the report, "Derivation of By-Month, By-County, By-Hour Temperature and
Relative Humidity with Monthly Data," by Air Improvement Resources, Inc. (AIR, 2004).
EPA is confident that in most cases the default temperature and humidity values calculated from
the NCDC data will be the best values to use in the inventory calculations for each county.
However, EPA recognizes that there are circumstances under which these generic methods may
not provide the best estimate of temperature and humidity values for a county. These
circumstances include:
The use of more local temperature and humidity measurements that are not
provided to the NCDC.
Physical characteristics of the county (such as sea shores, valleys and sudden
changes in altitude) which make the centroid interpolation methodology used by
EPA inappropriate.
In these cases, temperature and humidity values determined by S/L/T agencies may provide
better estimates of temperatures and humidity values. For the 2005 NEI, EPA incorporated
temperature and humidity data submitted by Utah for all counties in the State.
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3.2.4.2 Altitude and Barometric Pressure
MOBILE6 can calculate separate emission rates for high- and low-altitude regions. Low-altitude
emission factors are based on conditions representative of approximately 500 feet above mean
sea level. High-altitude factors are based on conditions representative of approximately 5,500
feet above mean sea level. When high-altitude region emission factors are requested, MOBILE6
also includes vehicles that were built to meet specific high-altitude emission standards. The
NCD contains an indication for each county as to whether the county should be modeled as a
high altitude area. The NCD assumes that all counties in Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico and
Utah (except Washington County) are high altitude areas.
When relative humidity inputs are used in MOBILE6, the user supplied relative humidity values
are converted to absolute humidity for use in adjustment equations. This conversion requires
values of temperature and barometric pressure. The barometric pressure is provided as a single
value in inches of mercury, with valid values between 13.0 and 33.0 inches of mercury. The
NCD has a barometric pressure value for each county.
The average barometric pressure value for each county was calculated for calendar year 2005
using the same octal-search, inverse-distance-squared scheme used to estimate the temperature
values (see Section 3.2.4.1). All available NCDC stations were used, which included 1st and
2nd Order, AWOS, and ASOS stations. All barometric values averaged were station (actual)
pressures, NOT sea level adjusted pressures. In mountainous terrain, the station pressure can
vary considerably over relatively short distances due to elevation variations. Therefore, the
values supplied should be used with caution in those areas.
3.2.5 Nonroad-Specific Parameters
Temperature and fuel parameters are shared by the onroad and nonroad inventory estimates and
are addressed in sections 3.2.3 and 3.2.4. However, the NCD also contains fields that may be
populated with the file names of external data files containing State or county data specific to
nonroad. If alternate data files are not provided, NMIM uses the default NONROAD model data
files. The NONROAD external data files include:
• Activity rates (including annual hours of use and load factor)
• Temporal (monthly and daily) allocations
• Source populations.
• Growth indexes
• Geographic allocations by equipment category
Many of the nonroad specific parameters are contained in the NONROAD model itself as
defaults. These values may change with different versions. The 2005 NEI used the NR05c
Bond Base version of NONROAD. Default values are used for nonroad specific parameters in
the 2005 NEI, except where changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies. Table 3-20 details the
changes provided by S/L/T agencies for use in NMIM for the final 2002 NEI. All of these
external files were also used for the 2005 NEI cycle.
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Table 3-20. Nonroad Specific Parameters Provided by State
State
Description
File Type
Colorado
Oil production equipment allocations.
oil
Delaware
Airport equipment allocations.
air
Delaware
Golf equipment allocations.
gc
Delaware
Household allocations.
hou
Delaware
Logging equipment allocations.
log
Delaware
Source populations.
pop
Delaware
Recreational vehicle park allocations.
rvp
Illinois
Nonroad activity
act
Illinois
Growth rates.
grw
Illinois
Source populations.
pop
Illinois
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Illinois
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Illinois
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Indiana
Nonroad activity
act
Indiana
Growth rates.
grw
Indiana
Source populations.
pop
Indiana
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Indiana
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Indiana
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Iowa
Nonroad activity
act
Iowa
Source populations.
pop
Iowa
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Iowa
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Iowa
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Michigan
Nonroad activity
act
Michigan
Growth rates.
grw
Michigan
Source populations.
pop
Michigan
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Michigan
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Michigan
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Minnesota
Nonroad activity
act
Minnesota
Growth rates.
grw
Minnesota
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Minnesota
Snowmobile allocations.
snm
Minnesota
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Minnesota
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Ohio
Nonroad activity
act
Ohio
Growth rates.
grw
Ohio
Source populations.
pop
Ohio
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Ohio
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Ohio
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Rhode Island
Source populations.
pop
Washington
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Washington
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Wisconsin
Nonroad activity
act
Wisconsin
Growth rates.
grw
Wisconsin
Source populations.
pop
Wisconsin
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Wisconsin
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Wisconsin
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
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3.2.6 Onroad Local Emission Control Programs
The following sections discuss several different onroad control programs that are modeled in
MOBILE6/NMIM. These include inspection and maintenance, anti-tampering, low emitting
vehicle, and refueling emission control (i.e., Stage II) programs. Note that any inputs provided
by States for the 2002 NEI for these programs would also be modeled for the 2005 NEI. Several
States submitted new or updated data for 2005, and these data are reflected as well.
3.2.6.1 Inspection and Maintenance Programs
MOBILE6 and NMIM account for local periodic inspection programs to identify and repair
vehicles in need of emission related repairs, typically known as inspection and maintenance
(I/M) programs. State and local agencies may supply an improved description of their I/M
program. See Section 6.0 of the report, "Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for
Emission Inventory Preparation" for a discussion of I/M programs (EPA, 2004c).
MOBILE6 allows the description of the I/M program to be stored in an external ASCII text file,
rather than included in the input command file, using the I/M DESC FILE command. I/M
programs may require additional external data files which contain emission cutpoints used for
IM240 tailpipe emission inspections. NMIM uses these files in the same format as used by
MOBILE6. For the 2005 final NEI, the I/M program data submitted by State or local agencies to
reflect improvements to I/M programs are listed in Table A-l of Appendix A to this document.
3.2.6.2 Anti-Tampering Programs
Anti-tampering programs may be implemented by States or local areas, which involve periodic
inspections to visually identify and repair vehicles with disabled emission control systems.
Where they exist, MOBILE6 and the NCD account for these local programs. Section 6.12 of the
report, "Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation" also
discusses anti-tampering programs (EPA, 2004c).
Anti-tampering program information is provided to MOBILE6 using the ANTI-TAMP PROG
command. NMIM uses this information in the same format as used by MOBILE6, however, it is
stored in an external ASCII text file, rather than included in the input command file. The
external ASCII file may also contain comment records that comply with MOBILE6 rules. One
or more counties in the following States were modeled with an anti-tampering program in the
2005 NEI: Arizona, Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland,
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and Virginia.
Table A-2 presents the counties for which anti-tampering program information was provided.
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3.2.6.3 Low Emitting Vehicle Programs
MOBILE6 already accounts for the federal national LEV program as part of the federal motor
vehicle emission compliance program. Some States have implemented an accelerated phase in
for LEV vehicles, and these local programs are accounted for in the NCD. State and local
agencies may supply an accelerated phase in for LEV vehicles or information to reflect
improvements to their programs. Section 7.4.1 of the report, "Technical Guidance on the Use of
MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation" addresses phase in for LEV vehicles (EPA,
2004c).
The phase in for LEV vehicles is provided to MOBILE6 using an external ASCII text file using
the 94+ LDG IMP command. NMIM uses this file in the same format as used by MOBILE6.
For the final 2002 NEI, no State or local agencies submitted additional information to reflect an
alternate phase in for LEV vehicles.
3.2.6.4 Refueling Emission Control Programs
Stage II Gasoline Distribution encompasses the refueling of a vehicle at a gasoline service
station. According to the Clean Air Act, Section 182, areas with ozone nonattainment
classifications greater than Moderate were required to install vapor recovery systems at these
service stations. If installed and inspected annually, a minimum of 86 percent reduction can be
applied to estimated emissions using uncontrolled emission factors. The default emissions
percentage is from the Control Techniques Guidance for Stage II Vapor Recovery (EPA, 1991).
A list of counties with this regulation imposed were identified for the 1999 NEI via a literature
search, and is found in Table E-2 of Appendix E of the "Documentation for the Final 1999
Nonpoint Area Source National Emission Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Version 3)"
(EPA, 2003d). This list was used as the basis for the list of counties used for the 2002 NEI. A
copy of the list was sent to each of the ten EPA Regional offices for verification. The changes
suggested by the EPA Regions are listed below.
1.
Add all Vermont counties.
2.
Remove Shelby County (TN).
3.
Remove Kent and Queen Anne's Counties (MD).
4.
Add Berks County (PA).
5.
Remove all Colorado counties.
6.
Remove all Utah counties.
7.
Remove Maricopa County (AZ).
8.
Remove Amador, Calaveras, Colusa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Lake, Lassen,
Mariposa, Mendocino, Modoc, Siskiyou, Tehama and Trinity Counties (CA)
9.
Remove Thurston County (WA).
10.
Add Kitsap, King and Snohomish Counties (WA).
11.
Add Clackamas, Multnomah and Washington Counties (OR).
While compiling the list of applicable counties for the 1999 NEI, 14 States listed vapor recovery
emission reduction percentages in their State regulations greater than the default value. New
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York provided a 90 percent reduction for ten counties, while the remaining 13 States provided a
95 percent reduction for 153 counties. The remaining 116 counties that have Stage II controls
either listed 86 percent as their reduction percentage or did not provide a reduction percentage
(in which case the 86 percent reduction was used as a default). New Jersey provided revisions to
the 86 percent reduction effectiveness for the 2002 final NEI of 62 percent and 77 percent,
respectively. All of the counties added for the 2002 NEI assume 86 percent effectiveness, unless
other counties in that State already exist and have effectiveness values greater than 86 percent.
In these cases, the added counties take on the effectiveness of the other counties in the State. For
purposes of MOBILE6 modeling of Stage II controls, all counties were assumed to be
completely phased in by calendar year 2002 and that the effectiveness for Stage II was the same
for gasoline fueled light duty and heavy duty vehicles. For the 2005 NEI, only the State of
Maine provided revisions to the Stage II effectiveness for Cumberland, Sagadahoc, and York
counties. Note that different effectiveness values were provided for light duty and heavy duty
vehicles.
Table A-3 of Appendix A lists the resulting 274 counties with their assumed effectiveness
(refueling vapor loss emission reduction) values as used in the 2005 NEI.
3.2.7 Onroad Fleet and Activity
Fleet and activity data refer to those parameters in the model which describe the type of vehicles
assumed in the fleet and their use by vehicle owners which impacts the calculation of emissions
from these sources. References to MOBILE6 in this section apply to NMIM as well, since
MOBILE6 is the underlying model in NMIM for onroad sources. Most of the onroad fleet and
activity information used in the NEI inventory are in the format specified by MOBILE6.
There are default values for all of the fleet and activity parameters in the MOBILE6 model based
on national averages and no input of these parameters is required to run the model. However,
alternate values which are more representative of the local fleet and local fleet activity may be
provided. More information about the scope and format of these alternate values are contained
in the document, "User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2, Mobile Source Emission
Factor Model" (EPA, 2003c). Guidance on how to obtain these values is contained in the report
"Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation" (EPA,
2004c).
As with the onroad control programs, fleet and activity data provided by States for the 2002 NEI
would also be modeled for the 2005 NEI. In addition, several States submitted updates or new
data for 2005.
3.2.7.1 Age Distribution
A typical vehicle fleet includes a mix of vehicles of different ages. MOBILE6 covers a 25-year
range of vehicle ages, with vehicles 25 years and older grouped together. If no alternate data are
supplied, MOBILE6 will use a set of default values for these distributions. The technical report,
"Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6" (EPA, 2001a), describes how these default values
were derived.
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MOBILE6 allows the user to specify the fraction of vehicles in each of 25 vehicle ages for each
of the 16 vehicle classes (combined gasoline and diesel) in the model. This requires that an
external data file be provided containing the alternate values.
The NMIM model runs for the NEI all used the default MOBILE6 registration distribution,
except where alternate distributions were provided by S/L/T agencies. Age distributions were
provided for at least some counties in Arizona, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa,
Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode
Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin.
Table A-4 of Appendix A indicates which counties used default distributions and which counties
used S/L/T supplied distributions.
To determine whether the default MOBILE6 registration distribution would be appropriate to
apply in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, data available from Puerto Rico listing new vehicle
sales and the total number of vehicle registrations, both by model year, was examined and
compared to national trends in the United States. Table A-5 in Appendix A has the 25-year trend
of vehicle sales and registrations in Puerto Rico.
Based on comparisons made between this list and the national trend, and without more specific
data, it was determined that the default MOBILE6 registration distribution would sufficiently
represent Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.
3.2.7.2 Diesel Sales Fractions
Within any vehicle class, diesel and gasoline vehicles have distinctly different emission rates.
Diesel fractions allow the model to separate gasoline and diesel vehicles within a vehicle class.
MOBILE6 includes default diesel sales fractions for 14 of the 16 composite vehicle classes - all
except urban/transit buses, which are assumed to be all diesel-fueled, and motorcycles, which are
assumed to be all gasoline-fueled. MOBILE6 projects future diesel fractions as constant
beginning with the 1996 model year. Users can enter alternative diesel fractions for these
14 vehicle classes for each of 25 vehicle ages in any calendar year. The derivation of the default
diesel sales fractions is found in the report "Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6" (EPA,
2001a).
The final 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding diesel sales
fractions by model year and vehicle type, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies.
Diesel sales fractions were provided for at least some counties in Arizona, District of Columbia,
Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Texas and Virginia. Table A-6 presents the
counties for which alternate diesel sales fractions were provided.
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3.2.7.3 Average Speeds
MOBILE6 uses VMT distribution over preselected average speed ranges. MOBILE6 calculates
these distributions for each of the 24 hours of the day and for freeways and arterials (producing
48 separate distributions, each containing 14 fractions). The data in this array only specify the
average speeds on the roadway types at a particular time of day. The data do not affect either the
hourly VMT distribution or the VMT distributions by facility type.
NMIM does not use the default average speed distributions found in MOBILE6. Instead a
separate single average speed is used, depending on the vehicle class and roadway type. Every
combination of vehicle class grouping and roadway type does not have an independent average
speed estimate.
There are four MOBILE6 roadway types: freeways, arterials, locals, and freeway ramps. The
12 roadway types shown in Table A-5 were assigned to one of these MOBILE6 roadway types
based on EPA guidance. The MOBILE6 freeway roadway type was assigned to rural interstates,
urban interstates, and urban other freeways and expressways. Each roadway assigned to the
MOBILE6 freeway roadway type also assume that the average speed includes the effects of
freeway ramps and that ramps account for 8 percent of travel on these roadways. The MOBILE6
arterial roadway type was assigned to rural other principal arterials, rural minor arterials, rural
major collectors, rural minor collectors, rural locals, urban other principal arterials, urban minor
arterials, and urban collectors. Urban local roadways are modeled using the "Local" roadway
category of MOBILE6, with an average speed of 12.9 mph. The average speed of this roadway
type cannot be varied, since the emission factors modeled on the MOBILE6 local roadway type
do not vary by average speed. The groupings of vehicle class groups and roadway types is
explained in more detail in Section 3.1 above.
The default average speeds represent the average speeds that had been modeled nationally in
prior years of the Trends analysis. Table A-7 shows the default average speed used for each of
the 12 roadway types for each of the vehicle class groupings for the final 2002 NEI.
The 2005 NEI used the same set of average speeds for each roadway type and vehicle class
grouping, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Average speed information was
provided for at least some counties in Delaware, District of Columbia, Iowa, Maryland, New
Jersey, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Utah, and Virginia. Table A-8 presents the counties for
which alternate average speed distributions were provided.
3.2.7.4 Annual Mileage Accumulation Rates
The annual mileage accumulation rate represents the total annual travel accumulated per vehicle
of a given age and individual vehicle class. Vehicles accumulate mileage at different rates
depending on the type and age of the vehicle. Trucks tend to be driven more miles per year than
cars. Older vehicles tend to be driven fewer miles per year than newer ones. Annual mileage
accumulation affects the rate at which vehicle emission controls deteriorate and affect the
relative emissions contributions of newer and older vehicles to fleet emissions. Vehicles with
higher total mileage accumulation will tend to have higher emission rates, however, older
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vehicles tend to travel fewer miles each year. Annual mileage accumulation rates are also used
in MOBILE6 to determine the daily vehicle miles traveled per vehicle. This estimate is used to
convert daily emissions in grams per day from engine starts, hot soaks, diurnal losses, resting
losses and refueling to units of grams per mile of vehicle travel.
The derivation of the default annual mileage accumulation rates is found in the report, "Fleet
Characterization Data for MOBILE6" (EPA, 2001a).
The 2005 NEI used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding annual mileage accumulation
rates by model year and vehicle class, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Only
the State of New York provided alternate annual mileage accumulation rates for use in NMIM.
3.2.7.5 Trips Per Day
The nearly uncontrolled exhaust emissions that occur immediately after a cold engine start can
account for a significant fraction of the emissions that occur during a vehicle trip. There will be
at least one engine start for each vehicle trip, so this parameter is also called starts per day. Only
light duty vehicles (passenger cars), light duty trucks and motorcycles account for engine starts
separately in MOBILE6. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses include the
effects of engine starts and the number of engine starts and the soak time distribution cannot be
changed by the user for these vehicle classes.
The derivation of the default values for the number of vehicle trips per day is found in the report
"Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions" (EPA, 2002b). Although MOBILE6 allows
the number of trips per day to vary by vehicle age, all default values are the same for all vehicle
ages.
The 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding vehicle trips per
day rates by vehicle class. No changes for light duty vehicles, light duty trucks or motorcycles
were submitted by S/L/T agencies.
3.2.7.6 Trip Length Distribution
Fuel evaporation occurs during trips due to the heating of the fuel system, especially including
the fuel tank. These emissions are affected by the length of time the vehicle has been in
operation. Longer trips mean more evaporative running loss emissions due to increased fuel
system temperatures. Only gasoline fueled vehicles (not including motorcycles) are affected by
the distribution of trip lengths in MOBILE6. Diesel vehicles and natural gas vehicles are
assumed to have negligible evaporative running loss emissions.
The derivation of the default values for the trip length distributions is found in the report "Trip
Length Activity Factors for Running Loss and Exhaust Running Emissions" (EPA, 2001b). The
same distribution of vehicle trip lengths is used for all vehicle classes for all hours of the day, for
both weekdays and weekend days.
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The 2005 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the trip
length distributions, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Trip length data were
provided for at least some counties in District of Columbia, Maryland, Texas, and Virginia.
Table A-9 lists the counties for which alternate trip length distributions were provided.
3.2.7.7 Hourly Distribution of Engine Starts
MOBILE6 distributes the daily number of engine starts across the hours of the day. The same
distribution is used for all vehicle classes, although there are different distributions for weekdays
and weekend days. Only light duty vehicles (passenger cars), light duty trucks and motorcycles
account for engine starts separately. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses
include engine starts and these emission rates are not affected by changes in the distribution of
engine starts across the hours of the day.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of engine starts across the hours of the
day is found in the report "Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions" (EPA, 2002b).
The 2005 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the
distribution of engine starts across the hours of the day, except for the changes submitted by
S/L/T agencies. Only the State of New York provided an alternate hourly distribution of engine
starts.
3.2.7.8 Hourly Distribution of Vehicle Miles Traveled
MOBILE6 distributes the estimate for daily vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day.
There are separate distributions for the freeway, arterial/collector and local roadway
classifications. The same distribution is used for all vehicle classes, although there are different
distributions for weekdays and weekend days.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours
of the day is found in the report "Development of Methodology for Estimating VMT Weighting
by Facility Type" (EPA, 2001c).
The 2005 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the
distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day, except for the changes
submitted by S/L/T agencies. Hourly distributions for daily vehicle miles traveled were
provided for at least some counties in Illinois, New York, Texas, and Utah. Table A-10 lists the
counties which provided alternate distributions for vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the
day.
3.2.7.9 Soak Time Distribution
Soak time is defined as the time between when the engine is turned off to the next time it is
restarted. The soak time can have a significant effect on the emissions associated with an engine
start. MOBILE6 contains default values for the distribution of the soak times before an engine
start by hour of the day. The same soak time distributions are applied to all vehicle classes and
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all vehicle ages. Only light duty vehicles (passenger cars), light duty trucks and motorcycles
account for engine starts separately. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses
include engine starts and changing the soak time distribution does not affect their emissions.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours
of the day is found in the report "Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions" (EPA,
2002b).
The 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding soak times by hour
of the day. No changes for light duty vehicles, light duty trucks or motorcycles were submitted
by S/L/T agencies.
3.2.7.10 Diurnal Activity Distribution
While the engine is shut down (key off) and during times of day when the ambient temperature is
rising, fuel vapors will be driven off the vehicle from the increasing temperature of the fuel in
the tank and other locations on the vehicle. The ability of the vehicle emission control
components to adsorb these vapors depends on how long the vehicle has been subjected to
diurnal emission generation. The resulting hydrocarbon losses are referred to as diurnal
emissions. If the vehicle is restarted, the active emission control systems begin again and the full
diurnal effect is interrupted, resulting in fewer diurnal emissions. MOBILE6 contains default
values for the distribution of the diurnal soak time by hour of the day.
Only gasoline fueled vehicles are affected by the diurnal soak activity. Diesel vehicles and
natural gas vehicles are assumed to have negligible diurnal evaporative emissions. The same
distribution of diurnal soak times is used for all vehicle classes.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of diurnal soak activity across the hours
of the day is found in the report, "Soak Length Activity Factors for Diurnal Emissions" (EPA,
200 Id).
The 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the distribution of
evaporative diurnal activity. No changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies.
3.2.7.11 Hot Soak Distribution
Immediately after an engine is shut down (key off), while the engine is still hot, fuel vapors in
the intake manifold and other locations in the fuel system are driven off the vehicle by the heat
of the engine. These hydrocarbon losses are referred to as hot soak emissions. If the vehicle is
restarted, the active emission control systems begin again and the full hot soak effect is
interrupted, resulting in fewer hot soak emissions. MOBILE6 contains default values for the
distribution of the hot soak time after an engine shut down by hour of the day. The actual
number of hot soaks that occur is a function of the number of engine starts per day that occur.
Changing the number of engine starts per day will automatically change the number of hot soaks
in a day. The number of engine starts (trips) per day is discussed in Section 3.2.7.5 above.
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Only gasoline fueled vehicles are affected by the hot soak activity. Diesel vehicles and natural
gasoline vehicles are assumed to have negligible hot soak evaporative emissions. The same
distribution of hot soak times is used for all vehicle classes.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of the hot soak time by hour of the day is
found in the report, "Soak Length Activity Factors for Hot Soak Emissions" (EPA, 2001e).
The 2005 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the distribution of
hot soak times. No changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies.
3.2.8 NMIM Toxic Emission Factors
The hazardous air pollutants for which inventories are produced by NMIM are listed in Table 3-
4 above. The "six HAPs" are produced internally by MOBILE6. In all other cases, as indicated
in the "Pollutants" section above, HAP inventories were generated by ratios to various
MOBILE6 and NONROAD outputs.
HAPs are estimated using data sources and methods developed for the 1999 NEI for HAPs,
version 3 (EPA, 2003e; EPA, 2004a), with some modifications, described below. NMIM does
not estimate HAP emissions for CNG engines.
HAPs are estimated in NMIM using one of three approaches:
1. Gaseous HAPs - Apply toxic to VOC ratios to VOC estimates.
2. Poly-Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - Apply toxic to PM10 ratios to PM10 estimates.
3. Metals, Dioxins and Furans - For NONROAD, multiply HAP gram per gallon emission
factors by county level fuel consumption estimates. For MOBILE6, multiply HAP gram
per mile emission factors by county level VMT estimates.
The NCD SCCToxics table provides a complete listing of toxic ratios and emission factors for all
SCCs and fuel combinations. The above approaches are described in more detail in the
following sections.
3.2.8.1 Gaseous HAPs
NMIM uses the toxic to VOC ratios described in the documentation for the 1999 NEI for HAPs,
version 3, and summarized in Volume 1, Appendix D, Table 1 (EPA, 2003e). Separate ratios are
used for evaporative and exhaust emissions for each of the following four categories of gasoline
blends:
1. Baseline Gasoline. All cases that do not fall into categories 2-4 below. Ratios are in
variables "ExhBaseGas" and "EvapBaseGas" in the SCCToxics table.
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2. WO (Winter Oxygenate) Gasoline/ETBE - used where the fuel contains ethanol which
is greater than or equal to 5 percent by volume or ETBE greater than or equal to 5 percent
by volume. Ratios are in variables "ExhEthGas" and "EvapEthGas" in the SCCToxics
table.
3. WO Gasoline/ethanol or MTBE/TAME - used where the fuel contains MTBE which is
greater than or equal to 12 percent by volume or TAME greater than or equal to
13 percent by volume. Ratios are in variables "ExhMTBEGas" and "EvapMTBEGas" in
the SCCToxics table.
4. RFG/MTBE/TAME - Used where the fuel is RFG and where the fuel contains oxygenate
greater than 5 percent by volume and where the fuel contains MTBE which is less than
12 percent by volume or TAME less than 13 percent by volume. Ratios are in variables
"ExhRFGGas" and "EvapRFGGas" in the SCCToxics table.
It should be noted that NMIM uses a different set of criteria to determine which toxic to VOC
ratios to use than that used in the 1999 NEI final version 3 for HAPs. In the 1999 NEI inventory,
ratios for different fuel types were weighted according to whether the county participated in the
Federal or California Reformulated Gasoline Program or a winter oxygenated fuel program, and
the percentage of the year the county participated in these programs. For example, if a county
participated in the Federal Reformulated Gasoline Program for 4 months, the RFG/MTBE/
TAME fraction would be weighted by a factor of 0.33, and the baseline fraction by 0.67 to
develop a composite annual fraction, which would then be applied to VOC. This approach does
not adequately account for reformulated and oxygenated gasoline use outside counties
participating in the program, or use outside the fuel program season. One result is an
underestimate of the nonroad MTBE inventory. Thus, when comparing the unofficial NMIM
1999 estimates with those of the 1999 NEI, NMIM estimates for 1999 result in substantially
higher nationwide MTBE than those in the 1999 NEI for HAPs.
In some cases, HAP profiles for specific nonroad equipment and engine type combinations are
available. However, for many equipment/engine type combinations, no speciation data are
available. In such instances, default values for 2-stroke gasoline engines, 4-stroke gasoline
engines, and diesel engines are used. These default values represent an average fraction for
various equipment types within an engine category.
3.2.8.2 PAHs
All PAHs emitted in exhaust are estimated as fractions of PM10, although the data used to
calculate mass ratios includes both gas and particle phase PAH emissions. The data used to
develop the PAH fractions are described in the documentation for the 1999 NEI for HAPs.
Evaporative naphthalene emissions from onroad vehicles is estimated as a fraction of VOC.
NMIM does not currently estimate evaporative naphthalene emissions for nonroad equipment.
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3.2.8.3 Metals, Dioxins, and Furans
For metals, dioxins, and furans, NMIM estimates onroad emissions using g/mile emission factors
developed for the 1999 NEI for HAPs, version 3.
The approach used by NMIM to estimate nonroad county-level metal emissions differs in a
number of respects from the approach used in the 1999 NEI for HAPs, version 3. In the 1999
NEI, nationwide metal emissions for gasoline engines were obtained by applying a mass per
gallon emission factor by nationwide gasoline consumption from the NONROAD model. For
diesel engines, a mass per brake-horsepower emission factor was multiplied by nationwide
energy output. The resultant nationwide emission estimates were then spatially allocated to
counties relative to the county proportion of PM10 emissions compared to the national PM10
emissions, as obtained from the NONROAD model.
In contrast, NMIM multiplies mass per gallon emission factors for gasoline engines by county
level fuel consumption to obtain a county level inventory estimate. For diesel engines, mass per
brake horsepower emission factors were converted to mass per gallon emission factors using the
following equation:
grams per gallon = (micrograms per brake-horsepower hour (p.g/bhphr) * average fuel density
(lb/gallon))/fuel consumption per brake-horsepower hour (lb fuel/bhphr)*1,000,000
where:
average fuel density = 7.01 lb/gal
fuel consumption per brake horsepower hour = 0.408 lb for engines less than 100 hp
= 0.367 lb for engines greater than 100 hp
The fuel consumption per brake horsepower hour estimates are from the NONROAD model
(EPA, 2002c). The gram per gallon metal emission factors for gasoline and diesel engines are
contained in the NCD SCCToxics table.
Mass per gallon emission factors for dioxins and furans from nonroad engines were calculated
by multiplying the onroad vehicle emission factors in grams per mile by fleet average fuel
economy estimates. The assumed fuel economy for gasoline vehicles was 21.5 miles per gallon;
for diesel vehicles it was 7 miles per gallon. Resulting gram per gallon emission factors are
contained in the NCD SCCToxics table.
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4.0 2002 MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING NEI
This section describes how Stage II emission estimates related to onroad mobile and nonroad
mobile refueling were estimated, and how they were reported in the 2005 NEI. No updates were
made to the Stage II emissions reported in the 2002 NEI for the final 2005 NEI.
4.1 HOW WERE STAGE II ONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS
DEVELOPED?
The EPA developed onroad Stage II refueling emission estimates for VOC, benzene, and MTBE
based on the results of the draft NEI 2002 NMIM runs. These estimates were not updated for
Version 3 of the 2002 NEI. NMIM/MOBILE6 calculates Stage II emissions using a base
uncontrolled displacement EF of 5.46 grams/gallon HC, and a base uncontrolled spillage EF of
0.31 grams/gallon HC. These emission factors are then adjusted for temperature and RVP, and
are converted from HC to VOC within MOBILE6. For a description of the counties with Stage
II control programs, as well as the assumed control efficiency for the program, see section
3.2.6.4.
For several other HAPs, EPA applied national HAP speciation profiles to the VOC emission
estimates from NMIM. These HAPs are listed in Table 4-1, along with their emission factors
(MACTEC, 2004).
Table 4-1. Stage II HAP Speciation Profiles Applied to VOC Emissions
Pollutant
Emission Factor
2,2,4-T rimethylpentane
0.827% of VOC
Cumene
0.01% of VOC
Ethyl Benzene
0.138% of VOC
Hexane
1.589% of VOC
Naphthalene
0.046% of VOC
Toluene
1.290% of VOC
Xylenes
0.530% of VOC
4.2 HOW WERE STAGE II NONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS
DEVELOPED?
NMIM/NONROAD accounts for refueling emissions from nonroad equipment under two
separate components, vapor displacement and spillage. The procedures that NONROAD uses to
estimate refueling emissions are documented in the EPA report, "Refueling Emissions for
Nonroad Engine Modeling" (EPA, 2004d). For both spillage and vapor displacement,
NONROAD incorporates emission factor values in terms of grams of emissions per gallon of
fuel consumed. Fuel consumption is then used to calculate total emissions based on the g/gal
emissions factors. Nonroad equipment may be fueled from a gasoline pump or a portable
container. Stage II nonroad emissions are associated with nonroad equipment being filled
directly at the gasoline pumps. Because the different refueling modes result in different
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emissions, NONROAD includes assumptions concerning which equipment will be refueled
predominantly using a gasoline pump and which will be refueled predominantly from a portable
container. In general, gasoline-powered equipment with larger horsepower engines are fueled at
the pump while equipment with smaller horsepower engines are fueled with a container. Both
Stage II and portable fuel container components may be included in the SCC-level vapor
displacement and spillage emissions output of NMIM (depending on the SCC). As such, Stage
II emissions were not subtracted out of the NONROAD model emission estimates and unlike
Stage II onroad emissions, were not reported as part of the area source inventory.
4.3 REPORTING OF MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING
Nonroad Stage II emissions were included in all relevant nonroad gasoline SCCs that have
engines assumed to be refueled at a gasoline pump. Onroad Stage II emissions are reported
under the SCC 22501060100 (Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage, Gasoline Service
Stations, Stage 2: Total) in the non-point source inventory. It should be noted that Stage II
vehicle refueling emissions may also be reported in the point source inventory under the
following SCCs:
Point Source SCCs
Description
40600401
Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls
40600402
Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Liquid Spill Loss w/o Controls
40600403
Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls
40600499
Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Not Classified **
40600601
Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls
40600602
Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Liquid Spill Loss w/o Controls
40600603
Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/ Controls
Refueling emissions based on the 2005 NMIM runs were not included in the 2005 NEI. For
purposes of the 2005 NEI, refueling emissions developed for the 2002 NEI were substituted.
4.4 QA PROCEDURES
Spot checks were performed of the onroad Stage II HAP emission estimates developed using the
speciation profiles listed in Table 4-1. In addition, onroad Stage II emissions were subject to
additional S/L/T review, facilitated by emission summaries that compared the newly-developed
Stage II emissions to the draft NEI emission estimates. Nonroad Stage II emissions were subject
to the same QA procedures as NONROAD model exhaust and evaporative emission estimates.
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5.0 REFERENCES
AAM, 2002: North American Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Survey. Alliance of Automobile
Manufacturers, Washington, DC. 2002.
AAM, 2005: North American Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Survey. American Automobile
Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC. 2005.
AIR, 2004: "Derivation of By-Month, By-County, By-Hour Temperature and Relative Humidity
with Monthly Data," by Air Improvement Resources, Inc. December 8, 2004.
DOE, 2005: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, "Petroleum
Supply Annual 2005," Table 34 - Movements of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products by
Pipeline, Tanker, and Barge Between PAD Districts. Internet address:
http://www.eia.doe.gOv/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/petroleum_supply_annual/p
savolumel/psavolumel .html
EPA, 1990: "The 1985 NAPAP Emissions Inventory: Development of Temporal Allocation
Factors," EPA-600/7-89-010d, Air & Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. April 1990.
EPA, 1991: "Technical Guidance - Stage II Vapor Recovery Systems for Control of Vehicle
Refueling Emissions at Gasoline Dispensing Facilities, Volume I: Chapters."
EPA-450/3-91-022a. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. November 1991.
EPA, 1998: "National Air Pollutant Emission Trends, Procedures Document, 1900-1996,"
EPA-454/R-98-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Emission Factors and Inventory Group, Research Triangle Park,
NC. May 1998.
EPA, 2001a: "Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6," M6.FLT.007, EPA420-R-01-047.
September 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 2001b: "Trip Length Activity Factors for Running Loss and Exhaust Running Emissions"
(M6.FLT.005, EPA420-R-01-013. April 2001.
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 2001c: "Development of Methodology for Estimating VMT Weighting by Facility Type"
M6.SPD.003, EPA420-R-01-009. April 2001.
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 2001d: "Soak Length Activity Factors for Diurnal Emissions," M6.FLT.006,
EPA420-R-01-014, April 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 2001e: "Soak Length Activity Factors for Hot Soak Emissions" M6.FLT.004,
EPA420-R-01-012, April 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
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EPA, 2002a: "Technical Guidance of the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory
Preparation," U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Office
of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. January 2002.
EPA, 2002b: "Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions," M6.FLT.003,
EPA420-R-01-011. February 2002.
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 2002c: "Exhaust and Crankcase Emission Factors for Nonroad Engine
Modeling-Compression-Ignition," EPA420-P-02-016, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. November 2002.
http://www.epa.gOv/otaq/nonrdmdl.htm#docs.
EPA, 2003a: "National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year County
Database Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures," EPA420-R-03-017.
April 2003.
EPA, 2003b: "Comparison of NMIM County Database to NEI Modeling, Final Report," EPA
Contract No. 68D-02-063, Work Assignment No. 1-17, Pechan Document No.
03.09.002/9014.117. September 15, 2003.
EPA, 2003c: "User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2: Mobile Source Emission Factor
Model," EPA420-R-03-010, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. August 2003.
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm.
EPA, 2003d: "Documentation for the Final 1999 Nonpoint Area Source National Emission
Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Version 3)," August 26, 2003, Appendix E-2,
"County Level Allocation Values Used for Allocation Schemes 18, 22 and 27 (Stage 2
Control), 1999 National Emission Inventory." U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
EPA, 2003e: "Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, Locomotive, and Other
Nonroad Components in the National Emissions Inventory, Volumes I and II," prepared
by Eastern Research Group for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. October 7, 2003.
http://www.epa.gOv/ttn/chief/net/1999inventory.html#final3haps
EPA, 2004a: "Documentation for the Onroad National Emissions Inventory (NEI) For Base
Years 1970-2002," prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. for the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards,
Emission Factor and Inventory Group, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. January
2004. http://www.epa.gOv/ttn/chief/net/1999inventory.html#final3haps
EPA, 2004b: "Final Regulatory Analysis: Control of Emissions from Nonroad Diesel Engines,"
EPA420-R-04-007, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Mobile Sources,
Ann Arbor, MI. May 2004.
70
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EPA, 2004c: "Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory
Preparation," EPA420-R-04-013. August 2004. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm
EPA, 2004d: "Refueling Emissions for Nonroad Engine Modeling," NR-013b, EPA420-P-04-
013, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality,
Ann Arbor, MI. April 2004.
EPA, 2005a: "2005 Reformulated Gasoline Properties Survey Data." U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/regs/fuels/rfg/properf/rfgperf.htm
EPA, 2005b: "Reformulated Gasoline and Anti-Dumping Regulation Batch Reports." U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/oms/regs/fuels/rfgforms.htm
EPA, 2007a: "Instructions to State and Local Agencies for Updating the County Level Database
from EPA's National Mobile Inventory Model - Technical Memorandum," prepared by
E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Factor and Inventory Group, Research
Triangle Park, NC 27711. May 24, 2007.
EPA, 2007b: "Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile National Emissions Inventory,
Version 3" prepared by EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality and E.H. Pechan
& Associates, Inc., for EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emissions
Inventory Group. September 2007.
EPA, 2008: "Process for Utilizing Survey Data to Determine County Specific Gasoline
Properties," memorandum from D. Brzezinski, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Transportation and Air Quality, to L. Driver, U.S. EPA, Air Quality Planning
and Standards, Emissions Inventory Group. November 21, 2008.
ERG, 2005: "Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, and Locomotive, and
Other Nonroad Components of the National Emissions Inventory," prepared by Eastern
Research Group, Inc. and E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc. for U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Emissions Monitoring and Analysis Division, Emission Factor and
Inventory Group. February 9, 2005.
FHWA, 2006, Highway Statistics 2005. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of
Transportation, Washington, DC, 2005. (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policv/ohim/hs05/)
MACTEC, 2004: Hester, Charles and J. Cavalier, MACTEC, Inc. Memorandum from Charles
Hester and Julia Cavalier, MACTEC, Inc., to Stephen Shedd, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Standards
Division, "Gasoline HAP Profiles," December 9, 2004.
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Rozycki, 2006: email from Robert Rozycki, FHWA to E.H. Pechan & Associates, transmitting
updated HPMS2004 data.
USCB, 2006: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, County Population Datasets, data file
downloaded from (http://www.census.gov/pope st/datasets.html). "County population and
estimated components of population change, all counties: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005,"
downloaded September 22, 2006.
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APPENDIX A. LOCAL DATA FOR NMIM COUNTY DATABASE
A-l
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National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
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App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-1. List of l/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the
2005 National Emission Inventory
First
Last
State
Filename
Year
Year
Counties
ALASKA
0202099.
mp
1999
2050
20
ALASKA
0209099.
mp
1999
2050
90
ARIZONA
0401395.
mp
1999
2001
13
ARIZONA
0401301.
mp
2002
2004
13
ARIZONA
0401305.
mp
2005
2050
13
ARIZONA
0401902.
mp
1999
2050
19
CALIFORNIA
0600199.
mp
1999
2050
1,13,41,55,75,81,95
CALIFORNIA
0607999.
mp
1999
2050
7,11,17,19,21,29,31,37,39,47,53,57,
59,61,65,67,69,71,73,77,79,83,85,
87,89,97,99,101,103,107,111,113,115
COLORADO
0800199.imp
1999
2050
1,5,13,14,31,35,59
COLORADO
0804199.imp
1999
2050
41,69,97,123
CONNECTICUT
0900199.imp
1999
2050
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
DELAWARE
1000191.
mp
1999
2050
1
DELAWARE
1000383.imp
1999
2050
3
DELAWARE
1000591.
mp
1999
2050
5
DISTRICT OF
1100102.imp
1999
2002
1
COLUMBIA
DISTRICT OF
1100103.imp
2003
2003
1
COLUMBIA
DISTRICT OF
1100105.imp
2004
2050
1
COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
1200099.
mp
1999
2050
11,31,57,86,99,103
GEORGIA
1305799.
mp
1999
1999
57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247
GEORGIA
1305700.
mp
2000
2001
57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247
GEORGIA
1305702.
mp
2002
2050
57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247
GEORGIA
1306799.
mp
1999
1999
67,89,121,135
GEORGIA
1306700.
mp
2000
2001
67,89,121,135
GEORGIA
1306702.
mp
2002
2050
67,89,121,135
IDAHO
1600099.
mp
1999
2050
1
ILLINOIS
1700099.
mp
1999
2001
31,43,63,89,93,97,111,119,133,163,197
ILLINOIS
1700002.
mp
2002
2050
31,43,63,89,93,97,111,119,133,163,197
INDIANA
1806101.
mp
2001
2050
61
INDIANA
1808997.
mp
1999
2050
19,43,89,127
KENTUCKY
2111198.
mp
1999
2001
15,37,111,117
KENTUCKY
2111102.
mp
2002
2050
15,37,111,117
LOUISIANA
2200000.
mp
2000
2050
33,121
MAINE
2300599.
mp
1999
2004
5
MAINE
2300505.
mp
2005
2050
5
MARYLAND
2400995.
mp
1999
2002
9,15,17,21,35
MARYLAND
2400903.
mp
2003
2050
9,15,17,21,35
MARYLAND
2400002.
mp
1999
2002
3,5,13,25,27,31,33,43,510
MARYLAND
2400003.
mp
2003
2004
3,5,13,25,27,31,33,43,510
MARYLAND
2400305.
mp
2005
2050
3,5,9,13,15,17,21,25,27,31,33,35,43,510
MASSACHUSETTS
2500099.
mp
1999
1999
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
MASSACHUSETTS
2500000.
mp
2000
2002
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
MASSACHUSETTS
2500003.
mp
2003
2050
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
MINNESOTA
2700099.
mp
1999
2050
3,19,37,53,123,139,163,171
MISSOURI
2900099.
mp
1999
2050
71,99,183,189,510
NEVADA
3200099.
mp
1999
2050
3,31
NEW HAMPSHIRE
3300002.
mp
2002
2050
11,15,17
A-2 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
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App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-1. List of l/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the
2005 National Emission Inventory
NEW JERSEY
3400199.imp
1999
1999
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,
33,35,37,39,41
NEW JERSEY
3400100.imp
2000
2004
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,
33,35,37,39,41
NEW JERSEY
3400105.imp
2005
2050
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,
33,35,37,39,41
NEW MEXICO
3500189.imp
1999
2002
1
NEW MEXICO
3500103.imp
2003
2050
1
NEW YORK
3600101.
mp
1999
2002
1,3,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,
33,35,37,39,41,43,45,49,51,53,55,57,63,65,
67,69,71,73,75,77,79,83,89,91,93,95,97,
99,101,105,107,109,111,113,115,117,121,123
NEW YORK
3600103.imp
2003
2050
1,3,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35,
37,39,41,43,45,49,51,53,55,57,63,65,67,69,71,
73,75,77,79,83,89,91,93,95,97,99,101,105,
107,109,111,113,115,117,121,123
NEW YORK
3600599.
mp
1999
2002
5,47,59,61,81,85,87,103,119
NEW YORK
3600503.
mp
2003
2050
5,47,59,61,81,85,87,103,119
NORTH CAROLINA
3702501.
mp
2001
2050
25,135,179
NORTH CAROLINA
3705792.
mp
1999
2050
57,59,63,67,71,77,81
NORTH CAROLINA
3711983.
mp
1999
2050
119
NORTH CAROLINA
3718387.
mp
1999
2050
183
OHIO
3905596.
mp
1999
2002
17,23,35,55,57,61,85,93,113,133,153,165
OHIO
3905503.
mp
2003
2050
17,23,35,55,57,61,85,93,113,133,153,165
OHIO
3910398.
mp
1999
2002
25,103
OHIO
3910303.
mp
2003
2050
25,103
OREGON
4100597.
mp
1999
2000
5,51,67
OREGON
4100501.
mp
2001
2050
5,51,67
OREGON
4100901.
mp
2001
2050
9,71
OREGON
4102997.
mp
1999
2000
29
OREGON
4102901.
mp
2001
2050
29
PENNSYLVANIA
4201797.
mp
1999
2050
17,29,45,91,101
PENNSYLVANIA
4201101.
mp
2001
2050
11,13,21,27,41,43,49,69,71,75,79,81,85,133
PENNSYLVANIA
4200397.
mp
1999
2050
3,7,73,125,129
PENNSYLVANIA
4207785.
mp
1999
2050
77,95
RHODE ISLAND
4400002.
mp
1999
2050
1,3,5,7,9
TENNESSEE
4703785.
mp
1999
2050
37
TENNESSEE
4714995.
mp
1999
2050
149,165,187,189
TENNESSEE
4715784.
mp
1999
2050
157
TEXAS
4808500.
mp
2000
2001
85,121
TEXAS
4808502.
mp
2002
2050
85,121
TEXAS
4811390.
mp
1999
2001
113,439
TEXAS
4811302.
mp
2002
2050
113,439
TEXAS
4814102.
mp
1999
2050
141
TEXAS
4820197.
mp
1999
2001
201
TEXAS
4820102.
mp
2002
2050
201
TEXAS
4803902.
mp
2000
2050
39,71,157,167,291,339,473
UTAH
4901197.
mp
1999
2050
11
UTAH
4903502.
mp
1999
2002
35
UTAH
4903503.
mp
2003
2004
35
UTAH
4903505.
mp
2005
2050
35
UTAH
4904986.
mp
1999
2001
49
UTAH
4904902.
mp
2002
2004
49
A-3 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
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App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-1. List of l/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the
2005 National Emission Inventory
UTAH
4904905.
mp
2005
2050
49
UTAH
4905792.
mp
1999
2001
57
UTAH
4905702.
mp
2002
2004
57
UTAH
4905705.
mp
2005
2050
57
VERMONT
5000097.
mp
1999
2001
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
VERMONT
5000002.
mp
2002
2050
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
VIRGINIA
5101302.
mp
1999
2004
13,59,153,510,600,610,683,685
VIRGINIA
5101305.
mp
2005
2050
13,59,153,510,600,610,683,685
VIRGINIA
5110702.
mp
1999
2004
107,179
VIRGINIA
5110705.
mp
2005
2050
107,179
WASHINGTON
5301198.
mp
1999
2001
11
WASHINGTON
5301102.
mp
2002
2050
11
WASHINGTON
5303382.
mp
1999
2001
33
WASHINGTON
5303302.
mp
2002
2050
33
WASHINGTON
5305393.
mp
1999
2001
53
WASHINGTON
5305302.
mp
2002
2050
53
WASHINGTON
5306193.
mp
1999
2001
61
WASHINGTON
5306102.
mp
2002
2050
61
WASHINGTON
5306385.
mp
1999
2001
63
WASHINGTON
5306302.
mp
2002
2050
63
WISCONSIN
5505984.
mp
1999
2000
59,79,89,101,131,133
WISCONSIN
5505902.
mp
2001
2050
59,79,89,101,131,133
WISCONSIN
5511794.
mp
1999
2000
117
WISCONSIN
5511702.
mp
2001
2050
117
A-4 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Provided
State FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
ATP File Name
Updates for
2005
2
20
AK
atp02020.txt
2
90
AK
atp02090.txt
13
4
AZ
0401305.atp
19
4
AZ
atp04019.txt
6
1
CA
atp06001 .txt
6
7
CA
atp06007.txt
6
11
CA
atp06007.txt
6
13
CA
atp06001 .txt
6
17
CA
atp06007.txt
6
19
CA
atp06007.txt
6
21
CA
atp06007.txt
6
29
CA
atp06007.txt
6
31
CA
atp06007.txt
6
37
CA
atp06007.txt
6
39
CA
atp06007.txt
6
41
CA
atp06001 .txt
6
47
CA
atp06007.txt
6
53
CA
atp06007.txt
6
55
CA
atp06001 .txt
6
57
CA
atp06007.txt
6
59
CA
atp06007.txt
6
61
CA
atp06007.txt
6
65
CA
atp06007.txt
6
67
CA
atp06007.txt
6
69
CA
atp06007.txt
6
71
CA
atp06007.txt
6
73
CA
atp06007.txt
6
75
CA
atp06001 .txt
6
77
CA
atp06007.txt
6
79
CA
atp06007.txt
6
81
CA
atp06001 .txt
6
83
CA
atp06007.txt
6
85
CA
atp06007.txt
6
87
CA
atp06007.txt
6
89
CA
atp06007.txt
6
95
CA
atp06001 .txt
6
97
CA
atp06007.txt
6
99
CA
atp06007.txt
6
101
CA
atp06007.txt
6
103
CA
atp06007.txt
6
107
CA
atp06007.txt
6
111
CA
atp06007.txt
6
113
CA
atp06007.txt
6
115
CA
atp06007.txt
8
1
CO
atp08001 .txt
8
5
CO
atp08001 .txt
8
13
CO
atp08001 .txt
8
14
CO
atp08001 .txt
8
31
CO
atp08001 .txt
8
35
CO
atp08001 .txt
8
41
CO
atp08001 .txt
A-5 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Provided
State FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
ATP File Name
Updates for
2005
8
59
CO
atp08001 .txt
8
69
CO
atp08069.txt
8
123
CO
atp08097.txt
9
1
CT
atp09001 .txt
9
3
CT
atp09001 .txt
9
5
CT
atp09001 .txt
9
7
CT
atp09001 .txt
9
9
CT
atp09001 .txt
9
11
CT
atp09001 .txt
9
13
CT
atp09001 .txt
9
15
CT
atp09001 .txt
11
1
DC
1100105.atp
V
13
67
GA
atp13067.txt
13
89
GA
atp13067.txt
13
121
GA
atp13067.txt
13
135
GA
atp13067.txt
16
1
ID
atp16001 .txt
18
19
IN
atp18019.txt
18
43
IN
atp18019.txt
18
89
IN
atp18089.txt
18
127
IN
atp18089.txt
21
15
KY
atp21015.txt
21
37
KY
atp21015.txt
21
117
KY
atp21015.txt
21
111
KY
atp21015.txt
22
5
LA
atp22005.txt
22
19
LA
atp22005.txt
22
33
LA
atp22005.txt
22
47
LA
atp22005.txt
22
63
LA
atp22005.txt
22
77
LA
atp22005.txt
22
121
LA
atp22005.txt
23
1
ME
2300005.atp
V
23
3
ME
2300005.atp
23
5
ME
2300505.atp
•/
23
7
ME
2300005.atp
s
23
9
ME
2300005.atp
s
23
11
ME
2300005.atp
s
23
13
ME
2300005.atp
7
23
15
ME
2300005.atp
23
17
ME
2300005.atp
23
19
ME
2300005.atp
23
21
ME
2300005.atp
23
23
ME
2300005.atp
23
25
ME
2300005.atp
23
27
ME
2300005.atp
23
29
ME
2300005.atp
23
31
ME
2300005.atp
24
3
MD
2400305.atp
24
5
MD
2400305.atp
24
9
MD
2400305.atp
7
A-6 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Provided
State FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
ATP File Name
Updates for
2005
24
13
MD
2400305.atp
V
24
15
MD
2400305.atp
S
24
17
MD
2400305.atp
•/
24
21
MD
2400305.atp
s
24
25
MD
2400305.atp
s
24
27
MD
2400305.atp
s
24
31
MD
2400305.atp
7
24
33
MD
2400305.atp
24
35
MD
2400305.atp
24
43
MD
2400305.atp
24
510
MD
2400305.atp
7
25
1
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
3
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
5
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
7
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
9
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
11
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
13
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
15
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
17
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
19
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
21
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
23
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
25
MA
atp25001 .txt
25
27
MA
atp25001 .txt
29
71
MO
atp29071 .txt
29
99
MO
atp29071 .txt
29
183
MO
atp29071 .txt
29
189
MO
atp29071 .txt
29
510
MO
atp29071 .txt
32
3
NV
atp32003.txt
32
31
NV
atp32003.txt
33
11
NH
atp33011 .txt
33
15
NH
atp33011 .txt
34
1
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
3
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
5
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
7
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
9
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
11
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
13
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
15
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
17
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
19
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
21
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
23
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
25
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
27
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
29
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
31
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
33
NJ
atp34001 .txt
A-7 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Provided
State FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
ATP File Name
Updates for
2005
34
35
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
37
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
39
NJ
atp34001 .txt
34
41
NJ
atp34001 .txt
36
1
NY
3600102.atp
36
3
NY
3600102.atp
36
5
NY
atp36005.txt
36
7
NY
3600102.atp
36
9
NY
3600102.atp
36
11
NY
3600102.atp
36
13
NY
3600102.atp
36
15
NY
3600102.atp
36
17
NY
3600102.atp
36
19
NY
3600102.atp
36
21
NY
3600102.atp
36
23
NY
3600102.atp
36
25
NY
3600102.atp
36
27
NY
3600102.atp
36
29
NY
3600102.atp
36
31
NY
3600102.atp
36
33
NY
3600102.atp
36
35
NY
3600102.atp
36
37
NY
3600102.atp
36
39
NY
3600102.atp
36
41
NY
3600102.atp
36
43
NY
3600102.atp
36
45
NY
3600102.atp
36
47
NY
atp36005.txt
36
49
NY
3600102.atp
36
53
NY
3600102.atp
36
55
NY
3600102.atp
36
57
NY
3600102.atp
36
59
NY
atp36005.txt
36
61
NY
atp36005.txt
36
63
NY
3600102.atp
36
65
NY
3600102.atp
36
67
NY
3600102.atp
36
69
NY
3600102.atp
36
71
NY
3600102.atp
36
73
NY
3600102.atp
36
75
NY
3600102.atp
36
77
NY
3600102.atp
36
79
NY
3600102.atp
36
81
NY
atp36005.txt
36
83
NY
3600102.atp
36
85
NY
atp36005.txt
36
87
NY
atp36005.txt
36
89
NY
3600102.atp
36
91
NY
3600102.atp
36
93
NY
3600102.atp
36
95
NY
3600102.atp
A-8 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Provided
State FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
ATP File Name
Updates for
2005
36
97
NY
3600102.atp
36
99
NY
3600102.atp
36
101
NY
3600102.atp
36
103
NY
atp36005.txt
36
105
NY
3600102.atp
36
107
NY
3600102.atp
36
109
NY
3600102.atp
36
111
NY
3600102.atp
36
113
NY
3600102.atp
36
115
NY
3600102.atp
36
117
NY
3600102.atp
36
119
NY
atp36005.txt
36
121
NY
3600102.atp
36
123
NY
3600102.atp
37
57
NC
atp37057.txt
37
59
NC
atp37057.txt
37
63
NC
atp37057.txt
37
67
NC
atp37057.txt
37
71
NC
atp37071 .txt
37
77
NC
atp37071 .txt
37
81
NC
atp37057.txt
37
119
NC
atp37119.txt
37
183
NC
atp37183.txt
39
17
OH
atp39017.txt
39
23
OH
atp39017.txt
39
25
OH
atp39025.txt
39
35
OH
atp39035.txt
39
55
OH
atp39035.txt
39
57
OH
atp39017.txt
39
61
OH
atp39017.txt
39
85
OH
atp39035.txt
39
93
OH
atp39035.txt
39
103
OH
atp39103.txt
39
113
OH
atp39017.txt
39
133
OH
atp39035.txt
39
153
OH
atp39035.txt
39
165
OH
atp39017.txt
40
17
OK
atp40017.txt
40
27
OK
atp40017.txt
40
37
OK
atp40017.txt
40
73
OK
atp40017.txt
40
81
OK
atp40017.txt
40
83
OK
atp40017.txt
40
87
OK
atp40017.txt
40
109
OK
atp40017.txt
40
113
OK
atp40017.txt
40
125
OK
atp40017.txt
40
131
OK
atp40017.txt
40
143
OK
atp40017.txt
40
145
OK
atp40017.txt
41
5
OR
atp41005.txt
A-9 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-2. Anti-Tampering Files Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Provided
State FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
ATP File Name
Updates for
2005
41
29
OR
atp41029.txt
41
67
OR
atp41005.txt
42
3
PA
atp42003.txt
42
7
PA
atp42007.txt
42
17
PA
atp42017.txt
42
29
PA
atp42017.txt
42
45
PA
atp42017.txt
42
73
PA
atp42073.txt
42
91
PA
atp42017.txt
42
101
PA
atp42017.txt
42
125
PA
atp42007.txt
42
129
PA
atp42007.txt
47
37
TN
atp47037.txt
47
149
TN
atp47149.txt
47
165
TN
atp47149.txt
47
187
TN
atp47149.txt
47
189
TN
atp47149.txt
48
85
TX
4808502.atp
48
113
TX
atp48113.txt
48
121
TX
4808502.atp
48
141
TX
atp48141 .txt
48
201
TX
atp48113.txt
48
439
TX
atp48113.txt
49
11
UT
4901105.atp
49
35
UT
4903505.atp
V
49
49
UT
4904905.atp
V
49
57
UT
4905705.atp
•/
51
13
VA
5101305.atp
s
51
59
VA
5101305.atp
s
51
107
VA
5110705.atp
s
51
153
VA
5101305.atp
•/
51
179
VA
5110705.atp
s
51
510
VA
5101305.atp
s
51
600
VA
5101305.atp
s
51
610
VA
5101305.atp
•/
51
683
VA
5101305.atp
s
51
685
VA
5101305.atp
s
A-10 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
6
CALIFORNIA
1
Alameda County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
3
Alpine County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
7
Butte County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
13
Contra Costa County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
17
El Dorado County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
19
Fresno County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
21
Glenn County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
25
Imperial County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
27
Inyo County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
29
Kern County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
31
Kings County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
37
Los Angeles County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
39
Madera County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
41
Marin County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
47
Merced County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
51
Mono County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
53
Monterey County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
55
Napa County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
57
Nevada County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
59
Orange County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
61
Placer County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
63
Plumas County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
65
Riverside County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
67
Sacramento County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
69
San Benito County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
71
San Bernardino County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
73
San Diego County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
75
San Francisco County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
77
San Joaquin County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
79
San Luis Obispo County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
81
San Mateo County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
83
Santa Barbara County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
85
Santa Clara County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
87
Santa Cruz County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
89
Shasta County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
91
Sierra County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
95
Solano County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
97
Sonoma County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
99
Stanislaus County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
101
Sutter County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
107
Tulare County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
109
Tuolumne County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
111
Ventura County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
113
Yolo County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
115
Yuba County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
1
Fairfield County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
3
Hartford County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
5
Litchfield County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
7
Middlesex County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
9
New Haven County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
11
New London County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
13
Tolland County
95
A-11 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
9
CONNECTICUT
15
Wndham County
95
10
DELAWARE
1
Kent County
86
10
DELAWARE
3
New Castle County
86
10
DELAWARE
5
Sussex County
86
11
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
1
District of Columbia
86
12
FLORIDA
11
Broward County
95
12
FLORIDA
86
Miami-Dade County
95
12
FLORIDA
99
Palm Beach County
95
13
GEORGIA
57
Cherokee County
86
13
GEORGIA
63
Clayton County
86
13
GEORGIA
67
Cobb County
86
13
GEORGIA
77
Coweta County
86
13
GEORGIA
89
DeKalb County
86
13
GEORGIA
97
Douglas County
86
13
GEORGIA
113
Fayette County
86
13
GEORGIA
117
Forsyth County
86
13
GEORGIA
121
Fulton County
86
13
GEORGIA
135
Gwinnett County
86
13
GEORGIA
151
Henry County
86
13
GEORGIA
223
Paulding County
86
13
GEORGIA
247
Rockdale County
86
17
ILLINOIS
31
Cook County
86
17
ILLINOIS
43
DuPage County
86
17
ILLINOIS
63
Grundy County
86
17
ILLINOIS
89
Kane County
86
17
ILLINOIS
93
Kendall County
86
17
ILLINOIS
97
Lake County
86
17
ILLINOIS
111
McHenry County
86
17
ILLINOIS
197
Wll County
86
18
INDIANA
19
Clark County
86
18
INDIANA
43
Floyd County
86
18
INDIANA
89
Lake County
86
18
INDIANA
127
Porter County
86
21
KENTUCKY
15
Boone County
95
21
KENTUCKY
19
Boyd County
95
21
KENTUCKY
29
Bullitt County
95
21
KENTUCKY
37
Campbell County
95
21
KENTUCKY
89
Greenup County
95
21
KENTUCKY
111
Jefferson County
95
21
KENTUCKY
117
Kenton County
95
21
KENTUCKY
185
Oldham County
95
22
LOUISIANA
5
Ascension Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
33
East Baton Rouge Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
47
Iberville Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
63
Livingston Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
77
Pointe Coupee Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
121
West Baton Rouge Parish
95
23
MAINE
5
Cumberland County
45*
23
MAINE
23
Sagadahoc County
41*
23
MAINE
31
York County
35*
24
MARYLAND
3
Anne Arundel County
95
24
MARYLAND
5
Baltimore County
95
A-12 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
24
MARYLAND
9
Calvert County
95
24
MARYLAND
13
Carroll County
95
24
MARYLAND
15
Cecil County
95
24
MARYLAND
17
Charles County
95
24
MARYLAND
21
Frederick County
95
24
MARYLAND
25
Harford County
95
24
MARYLAND
27
Howard County
95
24
MARYLAND
31
Montgomery County
95
24
MARYLAND
33
Prince George's County
95
24
MARYLAND
510
Baltimore city
95
25
MASSACHUSETTS
1
Barnstable County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
3
Berkshire County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
5
Bristol County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
7
Dukes County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
9
Essex County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
11
Franklin County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
13
Hampden County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
15
Hampshire County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
17
Middlesex County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
19
Nantucket County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
21
Norfolk County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
23
Plymouth County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
25
Suffolk County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
27
Worcester County
86
29
MISSOURI
71
Franklin County
95
29
MISSOURI
99
Jefferson County
95
29
MISSOURI
183
St. Charles County
95
29
MISSOURI
189
St. Louis County
95
29
MISSOURI
510
St. Louis city
95
32
NEVADA
3
Clark County
95
32
NEVADA
31
Washoe County
95
33
NEW HAMPSHIRE
11
Hillsborough County
86
33
NEW HAMPSHIRE
13
Merrimack County
86
33
NEW HAMPSHIRE
15
Rockingham County
86
33
NEW HAMPSHIRE
17
Strafford County
86
34
NEW JERSEY
1
Atlantic County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
3
Bergen County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
5
Burlington County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
7
Camden County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
9
Cape May County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
11
Cumberland County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
13
Essex County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
15
Gloucester County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
17
Hudson County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
19
Hunterdon County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
21
Mercer County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
23
Middlesex County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
25
Monmouth County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
27
Morris County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
29
Ocean County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
31
Passaic County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
33
Salem County
62
A-13 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
34
NEW JERSEY
35
Somerset County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
37
Sussex County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
39
Union County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
41
Warren County
62
36
NEW YORK
5
Bronx County
90
36
NEW YORK
47
Kings County
90
36
NEW YORK
59
Nassau County
90
36
NEW YORK
61
New York County
90
36
NEW YORK
71
Orange County
90
36
NEW YORK
81
Queens County
90
36
NEW YORK
85
Richmond County
90
36
NEW YORK
87
Rockland County
90
36
NEW YORK
103
Suffolk County
90
36
NEW YORK
119
Westchester County
90
39
OHIO
7
Ashtabula County
77
39
OHIO
17
Butler County
77
39
OHIO
23
Clark County
77
39
OHIO
25
Clermont County
77
39
OHIO
35
Cuyahoga County
77
39
OHIO
55
Geauga County
77
39
OHIO
57
Greene County
77
39
OHIO
61
Hamilton County
77
39
OHIO
85
Lake County
77
39
OHIO
93
Lorain County
77
39
OHIO
103
Medina County
77
39
OHIO
109
Miami County
77
39
OHIO
113
Montgomery County
77
39
OHIO
133
Portage County
77
39
OHIO
153
Summit County
77
39
OHIO
165
Warren County
77
41
OREGON
5
Clackamus County
86
41
OREGON
51
Multnomah County
86
41
OREGON
67
Washington County
86
42
PENNSYLVANIA
3
Allegheny County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
5
Armstrong County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
7
Beaver County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
11
Berks County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
17
Bucks County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
19
Butler County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
29
Chester County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
45
Delaware County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
51
Fayette County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
91
Montgomery County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
101
Philadelphia County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
125
Washington County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
129
Westmoreland County
95
44
RHODE ISLAND
1
Bristol County
86
44
RHODE ISLAND
3
Kent County
86
44
RHODE ISLAND
5
Newport County
86
44
RHODE ISLAND
7
Providence County
86
44
RHODE ISLAND
9
Washington County
86
47
TENNESSEE
37
Davidson County
86
A-14 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
47
TENNESSEE
149
Rutherford County
86
47
TENNESSEE
165
Sumner County
86
47
TENNESSEE
187
Williamson County
86
47
TENNESSEE
189
Wlson County
86
48
TEXAS
39
Brazoria County
95
48
TEXAS
71
Chambers County
95
48
TEXAS
85
Collin County
95
48
TEXAS
113
Dallas County
95
48
TEXAS
121
Denton County
95
48
TEXAS
141
El Paso County
95
48
TEXAS
157
Fort Bend County
95
48
TEXAS
167
Galveston County
95
48
TEXAS
199
Hardin County
95
48
TEXAS
201
Harris County
95
48
TEXAS
245
Jefferson County
95
48
TEXAS
291
Liberty County
95
48
TEXAS
339
Montgomery County
95
48
TEXAS
361
Orange County
95
48
TEXAS
439
Tarrant County
95
48
TEXAS
473
Waller County
95
50
VERMONT
1
Addison County
86
50
VERMONT
3
Bennington County
86
50
VERMONT
5
Caledonia County
86
50
VERMONT
7
Chittenden County
86
50
VERMONT
9
Essex County
86
50
VERMONT
11
Franklin County
86
50
VERMONT
13
Grand Isle County
86
50
VERMONT
15
Lamoille County
86
50
VERMONT
17
Orange County
86
50
VERMONT
19
Orleans County
86
50
VERMONT
21
Rutland County
86
50
VERMONT
23
Washington County
86
50
VERMONT
25
Wndham County
86
50
VERMONT
27
Wndsor County
86
51
VIRGINIA
13
Arlington County
95
51
VIRGINIA
36
Charles City County
95
51
VIRGINIA
41
Chesterfield County
95
51
VIRGINIA
59
Fairfax County
95
51
VIRGINIA
85
Hanover County
95
51
VIRGINIA
87
Henrico County
95
51
VIRGINIA
107
Loudoun County
95
51
VIRGINIA
153
Prince William County
95
51
VIRGINIA
179
Stafford County
95
51
VIRGINIA
510
Alexandria city
95
51
VIRGINIA
570
Colonial Heights city
95
51
VIRGINIA
600
Fairfax city
95
51
VIRGINIA
610
Falls Church city
95
51
VIRGINIA
670
Hopewell city
95
51
VIRGINIA
683
Manassas city
95
51
VIRGINIA
685
Manassas Park city
95
51
VIRGINIA
760
Richmond city
95
53
WASHINGTON
11
Clark County
86
A-15 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-3. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2005
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
53
WASHINGTON
15
Cowlitz County
86
53
WASHINGTON
33
King County
86
53
WASHINGTON
35
Kitsap County
86
53
WASHINGTON
53
Pierce County
86
53
WASHINGTON
61
Snohomish County
86
55
WISCONSIN
59
Kenosha County
86
55
WISCONSIN
61
Kewaunee County
86
55
WISCONSIN
71
Manitowoc County
86
55
WISCONSIN
79
Milwaukee County
86
55
WISCONSIN
89
Ozaukee County
86
55
WISCONSIN
101
Racine County
86
55
WISCONSIN
117
Sheboygan County
86
55
WISCONSIN
131
Washington County
86
55
WISCONSIN
133
Waukesha County
86
*NOTE: For the 2005 NEI, Maine provided listed values for LDV Stage 2; control effectiveness values of 4, 3, and
3% were submitted for HDV Stage 2 for Cumberland, Sagadahoc, and York counties, respectively
A-16 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
1
AL
Default
2
AK
Default
4
AZ
401305
V
4
AZ
401902
4
AZ
Default
5
AR
Default
6
CA
Default
8
CO
Default
9
CT
Default
10
DE
1000102
10
DE
1000302
10
DE
1000502
11
DC
1100105
12
FL
Default
13
GA
Default
15
HI
Default
16
ID
Default
17
IL
1703102
17
IL
1711902
17
IL
Default
18
IN
Default
19
IA
1900102
19
IA
1900302
19
IA
1900502
19
IA
1900702
19
IA
1900902
19
IA
1901102
19
IA
1901302
19
IA
1901502
19
IA
1901702
19
IA
1901902
19
IA
1902102
19
IA
1902302
19
IA
1902502
19
IA
1902702
19
IA
1902902
19
IA
1903102
19
IA
1903302
19
IA
1903502
19
IA
1903702
19
IA
1903902
19
IA
1904102
19
IA
1904302
19
IA
1904502
19
IA
1904702
19
IA
1904902
19
IA
1905102
19
IA
1905302
19
IA
1905502
19
IA
1905702
19
IA
1905902
A-17 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
19
IA
1906102
19
IA
1906302
19
IA
1906502
19
IA
1906702
19
IA
1906902
19
IA
1907102
19
IA
1907302
19
IA
1907502
19
IA
1907702
19
IA
1907902
19
IA
1908102
19
IA
1908302
19
IA
1908502
19
IA
1908702
19
IA
1908902
19
IA
1909102
19
IA
1909302
19
IA
1909502
19
IA
1909702
19
IA
1909902
19
IA
1910102
19
IA
1910302
19
IA
1910502
19
IA
1910702
19
IA
1910902
19
IA
1911102
19
IA
1911302
19
IA
1911502
19
IA
1911702
19
IA
1911902
19
IA
1912102
19
IA
1912302
19
IA
1912502
19
IA
1912702
19
IA
1912902
19
IA
1913102
19
IA
1913302
19
IA
1913502
19
IA
1913702
19
IA
1913902
19
IA
1914102
19
IA
1914302
19
IA
1914502
19
IA
1914702
19
IA
1914902
19
IA
1915102
19
IA
1915302
19
IA
1915502
19
IA
1915702
19
IA
1915902
19
IA
1916102
19
IA
1916302
A-18 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
19
IA
1916502
19
IA
1916702
19
IA
1916902
19
IA
1917102
19
IA
1917302
19
IA
1917502
19
IA
1917702
19
IA
1917902
19
IA
1918102
19
IA
1918302
19
IA
1918502
19
IA
1918702
19
IA
1918902
19
IA
1919102
19
IA
1919302
19
IA
1919502
19
IA
1919702
20
KS
Default
21
KY
2111102
21
KY
Default
22
LA
Default
23
ME
Default
24
MD
2400105
V
24
MD
2400305
24
MD
2401505
•/
24
MD
2402905
s
24
MD
2403505
s
24
MD
2404305
s
25
MA
2500002
26
Ml
Default
27
MN
2700102
27
MN
2700302
27
MN
2700502
27
MN
2700702
27
MN
2700902
27
MN
2701102
27
MN
2701302
27
MN
2701502
27
MN
2701702
27
MN
2701902
27
MN
2702102
27
MN
2702302
27
MN
2702502
27
MN
2702702
27
MN
2702902
27
MN
2703102
27
MN
2703302
27
MN
2703502
27
MN
2703702
27
MN
2703902
27
MN
2704102
27
MN
2704302
A-19 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
27
MN
2704502
27
MN
2704702
27
MN
2704902
27
MN
2705102
27
MN
2705302
27
MN
2705502
27
MN
2705702
27
MN
2705902
27
MN
2706102
27
MN
2706302
27
MN
2706502
27
MN
2706702
27
MN
2706902
27
MN
2707102
27
MN
2707302
27
MN
2707502
27
MN
2707702
27
MN
2707902
27
MN
2708102
27
MN
2708302
27
MN
2708502
27
MN
2708702
27
MN
2708902
27
MN
2709102
27
MN
2709302
27
MN
2709502
27
MN
2709702
27
MN
2709902
27
MN
2710102
27
MN
2710302
27
MN
2710502
27
MN
2710702
27
MN
2710902
27
MN
2711102
27
MN
2711302
27
MN
2711502
27
MN
2711702
27
MN
2711902
27
MN
2712102
27
MN
2712302
27
MN
2712502
27
MN
2712702
27
MN
2712902
27
MN
2713102
27
MN
2713302
27
MN
2713502
27
MN
2713702
27
MN
2713902
27
MN
2714102
27
MN
2714302
27
MN
2714502
27
MN
2714702
A-20 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
27
MN
2714902
27
MN
2715102
27
MN
2715302
27
MN
2715502
27
MN
2715702
27
MN
2715902
27
MN
2716102
27
MN
2716302
27
MN
2716502
27
MN
2716702
27
MN
2716902
27
MN
2717102
27
MN
2717302
28
MS
Default
29
MO
Default
30
MT
Default
31
NE
Default
32
NV
Default
33
NH
Default
34
NJ
3400102
35
NM
Default
36
NY
3600102
36
NY
3600502
37
NC
Default
38
ND
Default
39
OH
3900102
39
OH
3900302
39
OH
3900502
39
OH
3900702
39
OH
3900902
39
OH
3901102
39
OH
3901302
39
OH
3901502
39
OH
3901702
39
OH
3901902
39
OH
3902102
39
OH
3902302
39
OH
3902502
39
OH
3902702
39
OH
3902902
39
OH
3903102
39
OH
3903302
39
OH
3903502
39
OH
3903702
39
OH
3903902
39
OH
3904102
39
OH
3904302
39
OH
3904502
39
OH
3904702
39
OH
3904902
39
OH
3905102
39
OH
3905302
A-21 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
39
OH
3905502
39
OH
3905702
39
OH
3905902
39
OH
3906102
39
OH
3906302
39
OH
3906502
39
OH
3906702
39
OH
3906902
39
OH
3907102
39
OH
3907302
39
OH
3907502
39
OH
3907702
39
OH
3907902
39
OH
3908102
39
OH
3908302
39
OH
3908502
39
OH
3908702
39
OH
3908902
39
OH
3909102
39
OH
3909302
39
OH
3909502
39
OH
3909702
39
OH
3909902
39
OH
3910102
39
OH
3910302
39
OH
3910502
39
OH
3910702
39
OH
3910902
39
OH
3911102
39
OH
3911302
39
OH
3911502
39
OH
3911702
39
OH
3911902
39
OH
3912102
39
OH
3912302
39
OH
3912502
39
OH
3912702
39
OH
3912902
39
OH
3913102
39
OH
3913302
39
OH
3913502
39
OH
3913702
39
OH
3913902
39
OH
3914102
39
OH
3914302
39
OH
3914502
39
OH
3914702
39
OH
3914902
39
OH
3915102
39
OH
3915302
39
OH
3915502
39
OH
3915702
A-22 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
39
OH
3915902
39
OH
3916102
39
OH
3916302
39
OH
3916502
39
OH
3916702
39
OH
3916902
39
OH
3917102
39
OH
3917302
39
OH
3917502
40
OK
Default
41
OR
4100102
41
OR
4100302
41
OR
4100502
41
OR
4100702
41
OR
4100902
41
OR
4101102
41
OR
4101302
41
OR
4101502
41
OR
4101702
41
OR
4101902
41
OR
4102102
41
OR
4102302
41
OR
4102502
41
OR
4102702
41
OR
4102902
41
OR
4103102
41
OR
4103302
41
OR
4103502
41
OR
4103702
41
OR
4103902
41
OR
4104102
41
OR
4104302
41
OR
4104502
41
OR
4104702
41
OR
4104902
41
OR
4105102
41
OR
4105302
41
OR
4105502
41
OR
4105702
41
OR
4105902
41
OR
4106102
41
OR
4106302
41
OR
4106502
41
OR
4106702
41
OR
4106902
41
OR
4107102
42
PA
Default
44
Rl
4400002
45
SC
Default
46
SD
Default
47
TN
4700302
47
TN
4703702
A-23 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
47
TN
4706502
47
TN
4709302
47
TN
4715702
47
TN
4716302
47
TN
Default
48
TX
4800102
48
TX
4800302
48
TX
4800502
48
TX
4800702
48
TX
4800902
48
TX
4801102
48
TX
4801302
48
TX
4801502
48
TX
4801702
48
TX
4802102
48
TX
4802702
48
TX
4802902
48
TX
4803102
48
TX
4803302
48
TX
4803702
48
TX
4803902
48
TX
4804102
48
TX
4804302
48
TX
4804502
48
TX
4804702
48
TX
4804902
48
TX
4805502
48
TX
4807102
48
TX
4808102
48
TX
4808502
48
TX
4809102
48
TX
4811302
48
TX
4811902
48
TX
4812102
48
TX
4812702
48
TX
4813902
48
TX
4814102
48
TX
4814302
48
TX
4815702
48
TX
4816702
48
TX
4818302
48
TX
4818702
48
TX
4819902
48
TX
4820102
48
TX
4820302
48
TX
4820902
48
TX
4821302
48
TX
4822102
48
TX
4823102
48
TX
4824102
48
TX
4824502
48
TX
4825102
A-24 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Registration Distribution
File Name
Provided Updates
for 2005
48
TX
4825702
48
TX
4829102
48
TX
4833902
48
TX
4836102
48
TX
4836702
48
TX
4839702
48
TX
4840102
48
TX
4842302
48
TX
4843902
48
TX
4845302
48
TX
4845902
48
TX
4847302
48
TX
4849102
48
TX
4849302
49
UT
4900105
V
49
UT
4900305
V
49
UT
4900505
•/
49
UT
4900705
s
49
UT
4900905
s
49
UT
4901105
s
49
UT
4901305
•/
49
UT
4901505
s
49
UT
4901705
s
49
UT
4901905
s
49
UT
4902105
•/
49
UT
4902305
s
49
UT
4902505
s
49
UT
4902705
s
49
UT
4902905
•/
49
UT
4903105
s
49
UT
4903305
s
49
UT
4903505
s
49
UT
4903705
•/
49
UT
4903905
s
49
UT
4904105
s
49
UT
4904305
s
49
UT
4904505
•/
49
UT
4904705
s
49
UT
4904905
s
49
UT
4905105
s
49
UT
4905305
•/
49
UT
4905505
s
49
UT
4905705
s
50
VT
5000002
51
VA
5101305
s
51
VA
5102305
s
51
VA
5103605
s
51
VA
5104105
s
51
VA
5105905
•/
51
VA
5106905
s
51
VA
5107305
s
51
VA
5108505
s
A-25 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-4. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local,
and Tribal Agencies
State
Registration Distribution
Provided Updates
FIPS
State Abbreviation
File Name
for 2005
51
VA
5108705
•/
51
VA
5109305
s
51
VA
5109505
s
51
VA
5110705
s
51
VA
5111305
•/
51
VA
5113905
s
51
VA
5114905
s
51
VA
5115305
s
51
VA
5116105
•/
51
VA
5117705
s
51
VA
5117905
s
51
VA
5119905
s
51
VA
5151005
•/
51
VA
5155005
s
51
VA
5157005
s
51
VA
5160005
s
51
VA
5161005
•/
51
VA
5163005
s
51
VA
5165005
s
51
VA
5167005
s
51
VA
5168305
•/
51
VA
5168505
s
51
VA
5170005
s
51
VA
5171005
s
51
VA
5173005
•/
51
VA
5173505
s
51
VA
5174005
s
51
VA
5176005
s
51
VA
5177005
•/
51
VA
5177505
s
51
VA
5180005
s
51
VA
5181005
s
51
VA
5183005
•/
51
VA
5184005
s
51
VA
Default
s
53
WA
5300002
54
WV
Default
55
Wl
5500002
56
WY
Default
72
PR
Default
78
VI
Default
All external file names use the file name extension REG. All file names have the form
aabbbcc.reg, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two
digits of the calendar year. Default means that the MOBILE6 default registration
distributions were used.
A-26 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-5. 25-Year Trend of Vehicle
Registrations And New Sales in Puerto Rico
New Vehicle
Total Vehicle
Year
Sales
Registrations
1973
138,108
681,596
1974
66,738
738,485
1975
73,388
773,742
1976
83,505
814,373
1977
110,393
830,373
1978
101,254
980,200
1979
103,859
1,035,200
1980
88,000
1,120,312
1981
98,193
1,201,774
1982
66,158
1,228,405
1983
60,987
1,259,111
1984
92,974
1,245,000
1985
116,431
1,353,670
1986
141,219
1,451,281
1987
118,048
1,560,308
1988
131,958
1,551,415
1989
148,459
1,567,319
1990
125,577
1,582,081
1991
116,386
1,516,102
1992
113,682
1,650,709
1993
141,550
1,740,371
1994
146,951
1,872,361
1995
160,394
2,014,207
1996
147,605
2,166,697
1997
180,027
2,272,643
Highway Statistics 2002. Federal Highway Administration, U.S.
Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, 2002.
A-27
Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
State
Diesel Sales
Provided Updates
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Fraction File Name
for 2005
1
AL
Default
2
AK
Default
4
AZ
0401305
7
4
AZ
Default
5
AR
Default
6
CA
Default
8
CO
Default
9
CT
Default
10
DE
Default
11
DC
1100105
7
12
FL
Default
13
GA
Default
15
HI
Default
16
ID
Default
17
IL
Default
18
IN
Default
19
IA
1900005
20
KS
Default
21
KY
Default
22
LA
Default
23
ME
Default
24
MD
2400105
24
MD
2400305
24
MD
2401505
24
MD
2402905
24
MD
2403505
7
24
MD
2404305
7
24
MD
Default
25
MA
Default
26
Ml
Default
27
MN
2700105
27
MN
2700305
27
MN
2700505
27
MN
2700705
27
MN
2700905
27
MN
2701105
27
MN
2701305
27
MN
2701505
27
MN
2701705
27
MN
2701905
27
MN
2702105
27
MN
2702305
27
MN
2702505
27
MN
2702705
27
MN
2702905
27
MN
2703105
27
MN
2703305
27
MN
2703505
27
MN
2703705
27
MN
2703905
27
MN
2704105
A-28 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
State
Diesel Sales
Provided Updates
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Fraction File Name
for 2005
27
MN
2704305
27
MN
2704505
27
MN
2704705
27
MN
2704905
27
MN
2705105
27
MN
2705305
27
MN
2705505
27
MN
2705705
27
MN
2705905
27
MN
2706105
27
MN
2706305
27
MN
2706505
27
MN
2706705
27
MN
2706905
27
MN
2707105
27
MN
2707305
27
MN
2707505
27
MN
2707705
27
MN
2707905
27
MN
2708105
27
MN
2708305
27
MN
2708505
27
MN
2708705
27
MN
2708905
27
MN
2709105
27
MN
2709305
27
MN
2709505
27
MN
2709705
27
MN
2709905
27
MN
2710105
27
MN
2710305
27
MN
2710505
27
MN
2710705
27
MN
2710905
27
MN
2711105
27
MN
2711305
27
MN
2711505
27
MN
2711705
27
MN
2711905
27
MN
2712105
27
MN
2712305
27
MN
2712505
27
MN
2712705
27
MN
2712905
27
MN
2713105
27
MN
2713305
27
MN
2713505
27
MN
2713705
27
MN
2713905
27
MN
2714105
27
MN
2714305
27
MN
2714505
A-29 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
State
Diesel Sales
Provided Updates
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Fraction File Name
for 2005
27
MN
2714705
27
MN
2714905
27
MN
2715105
27
MN
2715305
27
MN
2715505
27
MN
2715705
27
MN
2715905
27
MN
2716105
27
MN
2716305
27
MN
2716505
27
MN
2716705
27
MN
2716905
27
MN
2717105
27
MN
2717305
28
MS
Default
29
MO
Default
30
MT
Default
31
NE
Default
32
NV
Default
33
NH
Default
34
NJ
3400105
35
NM
Default
36
NY
3600105
36
NY
3600505
37
NC
Default
38
ND
Default
39
OH
Default
40
OK
Default
41
OR
Default
42
PA
Default
44
Rl
Default
45
SC
Default
46
SD
Default
47
TN
Default
48
TX
4800105
48
TX
4802105
48
TX
4802905
48
TX
4803905
48
TX
4808505
48
TX
4811305
48
TX
4813905
48
TX
4814105
48
TX
4818305
48
TX
4819905
49
UT
Default
50
VT
Default
51
VA
5101305
V
51
VA
5105905
V
51
VA
5110705
•/
51
VA
5115305
s
51
VA
5117905
s
51
VA
5151005
7
A-3 0 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-6. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
State
Diesel Sales
Provided Updates
FIPS
State Abbreviation
Fraction File Name
for 2005
51
VA
Default
53
WA
Default
54
WV
Default
55
Wl
Default
56
WY
Default
72
PR
Default
78
VI
Default
All external file names use the file name extension DSL. All file names have the form
aabbbcc.dsl, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two
digits of the calendar year. Default means that the MOBILE6 default diesel sales
fractions were used.
NOTE: Diesel Sales Fraction Files for IA, MN, NJ, NY, and TX reported by EPA in NCD
for 2005 NEI Version 1
A-31
Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-7. Average Speeds by Road Type and Vehicle Type
(mph)
Rural
Rural
Rural
Rural
Rural
Rural
Principal
Minor
Major
Minor
Interstate
Arterial
Arterial
Collector
Collector
Local
LDV
60
45
40
35
30
30
LDT
55
45
40
35
30
30
HDV
40
35
30
25
25
25
Urban
Urban
Urban
Urban
Urban
Urban
Other
Interstate
Freeways &
Expressways
Principal
Arterial
Minor
Arterial
Collector
Local
LDV
45
45
20
20
20
20
LDT
45
45
20
20
20
20
HDV
35
35
15
15
15
15
LDV: Passenger cars.
LDT : Trucks less than 8,500 lbs. Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR).
HDV : Trucks greater than 8,500 lbs. GVWR.
A-32
Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Average Speed
Provided
State
County
State
Distribution
Updates
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Base File Name
for 2005
10
1
DE
Kent County
1000102
10
3
DE
New Castle County
1000302
10
5
DE
Sussex County
1000502
11
1
DC
District of Columbia
1100105
s
19
1
IA
Adair County
1900102
19
3
IA
Adams County
1900302
19
5
IA
Allamakee County
1900502
19
7
IA
Appanoose County
1900702
19
9
IA
Audubon County
1900902
19
11
IA
Benton County
1901102
19
13
IA
Black Hawk County
1901302
19
15
IA
Boone County
1901502
19
17
IA
Bremer County
1901702
19
19
IA
Buchanan County
1901902
19
21
IA
Buena Vista County
1902102
19
23
IA
Butler County
1902302
19
25
IA
Calhoun County
1902502
19
27
IA
Carroll County
1902702
19
29
IA
Cass County
1902902
19
31
IA
Cedar County
1903102
19
33
IA
Cerro Gordo County
1903302
19
35
IA
Cherokee County
1903502
19
37
IA
Chickasaw County
1903702
19
39
IA
Clarke County
1903902
19
41
IA
Clay County
1904102
19
43
IA
Clayton County
1904302
19
45
IA
Clinton County
1904502
19
47
IA
Crawford County
1904702
19
49
IA
Dallas County
1904902
19
51
IA
Davis County
1905102
19
53
IA
Decatur County
1905302
19
55
IA
Delaware County
1905502
19
57
IA
Des Moines County
1905702
19
59
IA
Dickinson County
1905902
19
61
IA
Dubuque County
1906102
19
63
IA
Emmet County
1906302
19
65
IA
Fayette County
1906502
19
67
IA
Floyd County
1906702
19
69
IA
Franklin County
1906902
19
71
IA
Fremont County
1907102
19
73
IA
Greene County
1907302
19
75
IA
Grundy County
1907502
19
77
IA
Guthrie County
1907702
19
79
IA
Hamilton County
1907902
19
81
IA
Hancock County
1908102
19
83
IA
Hardin County
1908302
19
85
IA
Harrison County
1908502
19
87
IA
Henry County
1908702
19
89
IA
Howard County
1908902
19
91
IA
Humboldt County
1909102
19
93
IA
Ida County
1909302
A-3 3 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Average Speed
Provided
State
County
State
Distribution
Updates
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Base File Name
for 2005
19
95
IA
Iowa County
1909502
19
97
IA
Jackson County
1909702
19
99
IA
Jasper County
1909902
19
101
IA
Jefferson County
1910102
19
103
IA
Johnson County
1910302
19
105
IA
Jones County
1910502
19
107
IA
Keokuk County
1910702
19
109
IA
Kossuth County
1910902
19
111
IA
Lee County
1911102
19
113
IA
Linn County
1911302
19
115
IA
Louisa County
1911502
19
117
IA
Lucas County
1911702
19
119
IA
Lyon County
1911902
19
121
IA
Madison County
1912102
19
123
IA
Mahaska County
1912302
19
125
IA
Marion County
1912502
19
127
IA
Marshall County
1912702
19
129
IA
Mills County
1912902
19
131
IA
Mitchell County
1913102
19
133
IA
Monona County
1913302
19
135
IA
Monroe County
1913502
19
137
IA
Montgomery County
1913702
19
139
IA
Muscatine County
1913902
19
141
IA
O'Brien County
1914102
19
143
IA
Osceola County
1914302
19
145
IA
Page County
1914502
19
147
IA
Palo Alto County
1914702
19
149
IA
Plymouth County
1914902
19
151
IA
Pocahontas County
1915102
19
153
IA
Polk County
1915302
19
155
IA
Pottawattamie County
1915502
19
157
IA
Poweshiek County
1915702
19
159
IA
Ringgold County
1915902
19
161
IA
Sac County
1916102
19
163
IA
Scott County
1916302
19
165
IA
Shelby County
1916502
19
167
IA
Sioux County
1916702
19
169
IA
Story County
1916902
19
171
IA
Tama County
1917102
19
173
IA
Taylor County
1917302
19
175
IA
Union County
1917502
19
177
IA
Van Buren County
1917702
19
179
IA
Wapello County
1917902
19
181
IA
Warren County
1918102
19
183
IA
Washington County
1918302
19
185
IA
Wayne County
1918502
19
187
IA
Webster County
1918702
19
189
IA
Winnebago County
1918902
19
191
IA
Wnneshiek County
1919102
19
193
IA
Woodbury County
1919302
19
195
IA
Worth County
1919502
A-34 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Average Speed
Provided
State
County
State
Distribution
Updates
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Base File Name
for 2005
19
197
IA
Wright County
1919702
24
1
MD
Allegany County
2400002
24
3
MD
Anne Arundel County
2400002
24
5
MD
Baltimore County
2400002
24
9
MD
Calvert County
2400002
24
11
MD
Caroline County
2400002
24
13
MD
Carroll County
2400002
24
15
MD
Cecil County
2400002
24
17
MD
Charles County
2400002
24
19
MD
Dorchester County
2400002
24
21
MD
Frederick County
2400002
24
23
MD
Garrett County
2400002
24
25
MD
Harford County
2400002
24
27
MD
Howard County
2400002
24
29
MD
Kent County
2400002
24
31
MD
Montgomery County
2400002
24
33
MD
Prince George's County
2400002
24
35
MD
Queen Anne's County
2400002
24
37
MD
St. Mary's County
2400002
24
39
MD
Somerset County
2400002
24
41
MD
Talbot County
2400002
24
43
MD
Washington County
2400002
24
45
MD
Wcomico County
2400002
24
47
MD
Worcester County
2400002
24
510
MD
Baltimore city
2400002
34
1
NJ
Atlantic County
3400102
34
3
NJ
Bergen County
3400302
34
5
NJ
Burlington County
3400502
34
7
NJ
Camden County
3400702
34
9
NJ
Cape May County
3400902
34
11
NJ
Cumberland County
3401102
34
13
NJ
Essex County
3401302
34
15
NJ
Gloucester County
3401502
34
17
NJ
Hudson County
3401702
34
19
NJ
Hunterdon County
3401902
34
21
NJ
Mercer County
3402102
34
23
NJ
Middlesex County
3402302
34
25
NJ
Monmouth County
3402502
34
27
NJ
Morris County
3402702
34
29
NJ
Ocean County
3402902
34
31
NJ
Passaic County
3403102
34
33
NJ
Salem County
3403302
34
35
NJ
Somerset County
3403502
34
37
NJ
Sussex County
3403702
34
39
NJ
Union County
3403902
34
41
NJ
Warren County
3404102
35
1
NM
Bernalillo County
3500102
44
1
Rl
Bristol County
4400002
44
3
Rl
Kent County
4400002
44
5
Rl
Newport County
4400002
44
7
Rl
Providence County
4400002
A-3 5 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Average Speed
Provided
State
County
State
Distribution
Updates
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Base File Name
for 2005
44
9
Rl
Washington County
4400002
49
1
UT
Beaver County
4900005
7
49
3
UT
Box Elder County
4900005
7
49
5
UT
Cache County
4900005
7
49
7
UT
Carbon County
4900005
7
49
9
UT
Daggett County
4900005
7
49
11
UT
Davis County
4901105
7
49
13
UT
Duchesne County
4900005
7
49
15
UT
Emery County
4900005
7
49
17
UT
Garfield County
4900005
49
19
UT
Grand County
4900005
49
21
UT
Iron County
4900005
49
23
UT
Juab County
4900005
49
25
UT
Kane County
4900005
49
27
UT
Millard County
4900005
7
49
29
UT
Morgan County
4900005
7
49
31
UT
Piute County
4900005
7
49
33
UT
Rich County
4900005
7
49
35
UT
Salt Lake County
4903505
7
49
37
UT
San Juan County
4900005
7
49
39
UT
Sanpete County
4900005
7
49
41
UT
Sevier County
4900005
7
49
43
UT
Summit County
4900005
7
49
45
UT
Tooele County
4900005
7
49
47
UT
Uintah County
4900005
7
49
49
UT
Utah County
4904905
7
49
51
UT
Wasatch County
4900005
7
49
53
UT
Washington County
4900005
7
49
55
UT
Wayne County
4900005
7
49
57
UT
Weber County
4905705
7
51
1
VA
Accomack County
5100102
51
3
VA
Albemarle County
5100302
51
5
VA
Alleghany County
5100502
51
7
VA
Amelia County
5100702
51
9
VA
Amherst County
5100902
51
11
VA
Appomattox County
5101102
51
13
VA
Arlington County
5101302
51
15
VA
Augusta County
5101502
51
17
VA
Bath County
5101702
51
19
VA
Bedford County
5101902
51
21
VA
Bland County
5102102
51
23
VA
Botetourt County
5102302
51
25
VA
Brunswick County
5102502
51
27
VA
Buchanan County
5102702
51
29
VA
Buckingham County
5102902
51
31
VA
Campbell County
5103102
51
33
VA
Caroline County
5103302
51
35
VA
Carroll County
5103502
51
36
VA
Charles City County
5103602
51
37
VA
Charlotte County
5103702
51
41
VA
Chesterfield County
5104102
A-3 6 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Average Speed
Provided
State
County
State
Distribution
Updates
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Base File Name
for 2005
51
43
VA
Clarke County
5104302
51
45
VA
Craig County
5104502
51
47
VA
Culpeper County
5104702
51
49
VA
Cumberland County
5104902
51
51
VA
Dickenson County
5105102
51
53
VA
Dinwiddie County
5105302
51
57
VA
Essex County
5105702
51
59
VA
Fairfax County
5105902
51
61
VA
Fauquier County
5106102
51
63
VA
Floyd County
5106302
51
65
VA
Fluvanna County
5106502
51
67
VA
Franklin County
5106702
51
69
VA
Frederick County
5106902
51
71
VA
Giles County
5107102
51
73
VA
Gloucester County
5107302
51
75
VA
Goochland County
5107502
51
77
VA
Grayson County
5107702
51
79
VA
Greene County
5107902
51
81
VA
Greensville County
5108102
51
83
VA
Halifax County
5108302
51
85
VA
Hanover County
5108502
51
87
VA
Henrico County
5108702
51
89
VA
Henry County
5108902
51
91
VA
Highland County
5109102
51
93
VA
Isle of Wight County
5109302
51
95
VA
James City County
5109502
51
97
VA
King and Queen County
5109702
51
99
VA
King George County
5109902
51
101
VA
King William County
5110102
51
103
VA
Lancaster County
5110302
51
105
VA
Lee County
5110502
51
107
VA
Loudoun County
5110702
51
109
VA
Louisa County
5110902
51
111
VA
Lunenburg County
5111102
51
113
VA
Madison County
5111302
51
115
VA
Mathews County
5111502
51
117
VA
Mecklenburg County
5111702
51
119
VA
Middlesex County
5111902
51
121
VA
Montgomery County
5112102
51
125
VA
Nelson County
5112502
51
127
VA
New Kent County
5112702
51
131
VA
Northampton County
5113102
51
133
VA
Northumberland County
5113302
51
135
VA
Nottoway County
5113502
51
137
VA
Orange County
5113702
51
139
VA
Page County
5113902
51
141
VA
Patrick County
5114102
51
143
VA
Pittsylvania County
5114302
51
145
VA
Powhatan County
5114502
51
147
VA
Prince Edward County
5114702
51
149
VA
Prince George County
5114902
A-3 7 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Average Speed
Provided
State
County
State
Distribution
Updates
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Base File Name
for 2005
51
153
VA
Prince William County
5115302
51
155
VA
Pulaski County
5115502
51
157
VA
Rappahannock County
5115702
51
159
VA
Richmond County
5115902
51
161
VA
Roanoke County
5116102
51
163
VA
Rockbridge County
5116302
51
165
VA
Rockingham County
5116502
51
167
VA
Russell County
5116702
51
169
VA
Scott County
5116902
51
171
VA
Shenandoah County
5117102
51
173
VA
Smyth County
5117302
51
175
VA
Southampton County
5117502
51
177
VA
Spotsylvania County
5117702
51
179
VA
Stafford County
5117902
51
181
VA
Surry County
5118102
51
183
VA
Sussex County
5118302
51
185
VA
Tazewell County
5118502
51
187
VA
Warren County
5118702
51
191
VA
Washington County
5119102
51
193
VA
Westmoreland County
5119302
51
195
VA
Wse County
5119502
51
197
VA
Wythe County
5119702
51
199
VA
York County
5119902
51
510
VA
Alexandria city
5151002
51
515
VA
Bedford city
5151502
51
520
VA
Bristol city
5152002
51
530
VA
Buena Vista city
5153002
51
540
VA
Charlottesville city
5154002
51
550
VA
Chesapeake city
5155002
51
570
VA
Colonial Heights city
5157002
51
580
VA
Covington city
5158002
51
590
VA
Danville city
5159002
51
595
VA
Emporia city
5159502
51
600
VA
Fairfax city
5160002
51
610
VA
Falls Church city
5161002
51
620
VA
Franklin city
5162002
51
630
VA
Fredericksburg city
5163002
51
640
VA
Galax city
5164002
51
650
VA
Hampton city
5165002
51
660
VA
Harrisonburg city
5166002
51
670
VA
Hopewell city
5167002
51
678
VA
Lexington city
5167802
51
680
VA
Lynchburg city
5168002
51
683
VA
Manassas city
5168302
51
685
VA
Manassas Park city
5168502
51
690
VA
Martinsville city
5169002
51
700
VA
Newport News city
5170002
51
710
VA
Norfolk city
5171002
51
720
VA
Norton city
5172002
51
730
VA
Petersburg city
5173002
51
735
VA
Poquoson city
5173502
A-3 8 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-8. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Average Speed
Provided
State
County
State
Distribution
Updates
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Base File Name
for 2005
51
740
VA
Portsmouth city
5174002
51
750
VA
Radford city
5175002
51
760
VA
Richmond city
5176002
51
770
VA
Roanoke city
5177002
51
775
VA
Salem city
5177502
51
790
VA
Staunton city
5179002
51
800
VA
Suffolk city
5180002
51
810
VA
Virginia Beach city
5181002
51
820
VA
Waynesboro city
5182002
51
830
VA
Williamsburg city
5183002
51
840
VA
WnChester city
5184002
All external file names use the base file name with extensions which identify which of the 12 HPMS roadway types
that the speeds apply to. All file names have the form aabbbcc.ddd, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS
county, cc is the last two digits of the calendar year and ddd indicates the HPMS roadway type.
A-39
Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-9. Trip Length Distributions Provided by State,
Local, and Tribal Agencies
Provided
State
County
State
Trip Length
Updates
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
File Name
for 2005
11
1
DC
District of Columbia
1100105
•/
24
9
MD
Calvert County
2400002
24
17
MD
Charles County
2400002
24
21
MD
Frederick County
2400002
24
31
MD
Montgomery County
2400002
24
33
MD
Prince George's County
2400002
48
39
TX
Brazoria County
4803902
48
71
TX
Chambers County
4803902
48
85
TX
Collin County
4808502
48
113
TX
Dallas County
4811302
48
121
TX
Denton County
4808502
48
139
TX
Ellis County
4813902
48
157
TX
FortBend County
4803902
48
167
TX
Galveston County
4803902
48
201
TX
Harris County
4803902
48
213
TX
Henderson County
4813902
48
221
TX
Hood County
4813902
48
231
TX
Hunt County
4813902
48
251
TX
Johnson County
4813902
48
257
TX
Kaufman County
4813902
48
291
TX
Liberty County
4803902
48
339
TX
Montgomery County
4803902
48
367
TX
Parker County
4813902
48
397
TX
Rockwall County
4813902
48
439
TX
Tarrant County
4811302
48
473
TX
Waller County
4803902
51
13
VA
Arlington County
5101305
s
51
59
VA
Fairfax County
5101305
s
51
107
VA
Loudoun County
5101305
•/
51
153
VA
Prince William County
5101305
s
51
179
VA
Stafford County
5101305
s
51
510
VA
Alexandria City
5101305
s
51
600
VA
Fairfax City
5101305
•/
51
610
VA
Falls Church City
5101305
s
51
683
VA
Manassas City
5101305
s
51
685
VA
Manassas Park City
5101305
s
All external file names use the file name extension WDT. All file names have the form aabbbcc.wdt, where aa is
the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two digits of the calendar year.
A-40 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-10. Vehicle Miles Traveled by Hour of the Day Distributions Provided
by State, Local, and Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies
Provided
State
County
State
VMT by Hour
Updates for
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
File Name
2005
17
31
IL
Cook County
1703102
17
43
IL
DuPage County
1703102
17
89
IL
Kane County
1703102
17
97
IL
Lake County
1703102
17
111
IL
McHenry County
1703102
17
119
IL
Madison County
1711902
17
133
IL
Monroe County
1711902
17
163
IL
St. Clair County
1711902
17
197
IL
Will County
1703102
36
1
NY
Albany County
3600102
36
3
NY
Allegany County
3600302
36
5
NY
Bronx County
3600502
36
7
NY
Broome County
3600702
36
9
NY
Cattaraugus County
3600302
36
11
NY
Cayuga County
3600302
36
13
NY
Chautauqua County
3600302
36
15
NY
Chemung County
3601502
36
17
NY
Chenango County
3600302
36
19
NY
Clinton County
3600302
36
21
NY
Columbia County
3600302
36
23
NY
Cortland County
3600302
36
25
NY
Delaware County
3600302
36
27
NY
Dutchess County
3602702
36
29
NY
Erie County
3602902
36
31
NY
Essex County
3600302
36
33
NY
Franklin County
3600302
36
35
NY
Fulton County
3600302
36
37
NY
Genesee County
3600302
36
39
NY
Greene County
3600302
36
41
NY
Hamilton County
3600302
36
43
NY
Herkimer County
3600302
36
45
NY
Jefferson County
3600302
36
47
NY
Kings County
3604702
36
49
NY
Lewis County
3600302
36
51
NY
Livingston County
3600302
36
53
NY
Madison County
3600302
36
55
NY
Monroe County
3605502
36
57
NY
Montgomery County
3600302
36
59
NY
Nassau County
3605902
36
61
NY
New York County
3606102
36
63
NY
Niagara County
3606302
36
65
NY
Oneida County
3606502
36
67
NY
Onondaga County
3606702
36
69
NY
Ontario County
3600302
36
71
NY
Orange County
3607102
36
73
NY
Orleans County
3600302
36
75
NY
Oswego County
3600302
36
77
NY
Otsego County
3600302
36
79
NY
Putnam County
3607902
36
81
NY
Queens County
3608102
A-41 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
December 2008
Table A-10. Vehicle Miles Traveled by Hour of the Day Distributions Provided
by State, Local, and Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies
Provided
State
County
State
VMT by Hour
Updates for
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
File Name
2005
36
83
NY
Rensselaer County
3608302
36
85
NY
Richmond County
3608502
36
87
NY
Rockland County
3608702
36
89
NY
St. Lawrence County
3600302
36
91
NY
Saratoga County
3609102
36
93
NY
Schenectady County
3609302
36
95
NY
Schoharie County
3600302
36
97
NY
Schuyler County
3600302
36
99
NY
Seneca County
3600302
36
101
NY
Steuben County
3600302
36
103
NY
Suffolk County
3610302
36
105
NY
Sullivan County
3600302
36
107
NY
Tioga County
3600302
36
109
NY
Tompkins County
3610902
36
111
NY
Ulster County
3600302
36
113
NY
Warren County
3611302
36
115
NY
Washington County
3611502
36
117
NY
Wayne County
3600302
36
119
NY
Westchester County
3611902
36
121
NY
Wyoming County
3600302
36
123
NY
Yates County
3600302
48
85
TX
Collin County
4808502
48
113
TX
Dallas County
4808502
48
121
TX
Denton County
4808502
48
139
TX
Ellis County
4813902
48
213
TX
Henderson County
4813902
48
221
TX
Hood County
4813902
48
231
TX
Hunt County
4813902
48
251
TX
Johnson County
4813902
48
257
TX
Kaufman County
4813902
48
367
TX
Parker County
4813902
48
397
TX
Rockwall County
4813902
48
439
TX
Tarrant County
4808502
49
11
UT
Davis County
4901105
49
35
UT
Salt Lake County
4903505
•/
49
49
UT
Utah County
4904905
s
49
57
UT
Weber County
4905705
s
All external file names use the file name extension VMT. All file names have the form aabbbcc.vmt, where aa is
the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two digits of the calendar year.
A-42 Documentation for the Final 2005 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 2
-------
United States Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Publication No. EPA-454/B-20-021
Environmental Protection Air Quality Assessment Division December 2008
Agency Research Triangle Park, NC
------- |