* — \
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DOCUMENTATION FOR THE FINAL 2002
MOBILE NATIONAL EMISSIONS
INVENTORY, VERSION 3

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EPA-454/B-20-022
September 2007
DOCUMENTATION FOR THE FINAL 2002 MOBILE NATIONAL EMISSIONS
INVENTORY, VERSION 3
Prepared by:
Assessment and Standards Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
And
E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.
3622 Lyckan Parkway, Suite 2005
Durham, NC 27707
Prepared for:
Emissions Inventory Group (D205-01)
Emissions, Monitoring and Analysis Division
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Contract No. 68-D-02-063
Work Order No. 5-02
Pechan Report No. 07.09.002/9014.502
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Air Quality Assessment Division
Research Triangle Park, NC

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September 2007
CONTENTS
Page
TABLES	vi
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS	 vii
1.0 INTRODUCTION	1
1.1	WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT?	1
1.2	WHAT CATEGORIES ARE COVERED IN THIS REPORT?	2
1.3	HOW IS THIS REPORT ORGANIZED?	2
2.0 SUMMARY OF 2002 NONROAD AND ONROAD MOBILE METHODOLOGIES. 3
2.1	WHAT ARE THE GENERAL METHODOLOGIES EPA USED TO DEVELOP
PREVIOUS MOBILE NEIS?	3
2.2	HOW HAVE EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED FROM THE 2002
PRELIMINARY NEI?	3
2.2.1	Basis for 2002 Preliminary Mobile NEI	3
2.2.2	Basis for 2002 Draft Mobile NEI	12
2.2.3	Onroad Mobile Pollutant Emission Comparisons	14
2.2.4	NONROAD Model Pollutant Emission Comparisons	16
2.3	HOW HAVE 2002 VERSION 2 EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED FROM THE
2002 DRAFT NEI?	17
2.3.1	Ammonia Calculations for Nonroad Engines	18
2.3.2	Temperature and Humidity Data	18
2.3.3	Fuel Properties	18
2.3.4	I/M Program Changes	21
2.3.5	S/L/T Changes	29
2.4	HOW HAVE 2002 VERSION 3 EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED FROM THE
2002 VERSION 2 NEI?	34
2.4.1	MOBILE Model Changes	35
2.4.2	NONROAD Model Changes	35
2.4.3	Additions and Revisions to NMIM	36
3.0 NMIM	38
3.1	NMIM METHODOLOGY	38
3.1.1	Introduction and Overview	38
3.1.2	How NMIM Works	39
3.1.3	How NMIM Runs Mobile6	39
3.1.4	How NMIM Runs NONROAD	43
3.1.5	Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM	44
3.1.6	Source Categories for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM	46
3.2	THE NMIM COUNTY DATABASE	48
3.2.1	Database Structure	48
3.2.2	Onroad VMT	48
3.2.2.1	Annual	50
3.2.2.2	Monthly Allocation	57
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3.2.3	Fuel Properties	61
3.2.3.1	Gasoline	61
3.2.3.2	Diesel and Natural Gas	62
3.2.4	Environmental Data	63
3.2.4.1	Temperature and Humidity	63
3.2.4.2	Altitude and Barometric Pressure	69
3.2.5	Nonroad-Specific Parameters	69
3.2.6	Onroad Local Emission Control Programs	71
3.2.6.1	Inspection and Maintenance Programs	71
3.2.6.2	Anti-Tampering Programs	71
3.2.6.3	Low Emitting Vehicle Programs	71
3.2.6.4	Refueling Emission Control Programs	72
3.2.7	Onroad Fleet and Activity	73
3.2.7.1	Age Distribution	73
3.2.7.2	Diesel Sales Fractions	74
3.2.7.3	Average Speeds	74
3.2.7.4	Annual Mileage Accumulation Rates	75
3.2.7.5	Trips Per Day	75
3.2.7.6	Trip Length Distribution	76
3.2.7.7	Hourly Distribution of Engine Starts	76
3.2.7.8	Hourly Distribution of Vehicle Miles Traveled	76
3.2.7.9	Soak Time Distribution	77
3.2.7.10	Diurnal Activity Distribution	77
3.2.7.11	Hot Soak Distribution	78
3.2.8	NMIM Toxic Emission Factors	78
3.2.8.1	Gaseous HAPs	79
3.2.8.2	PAHs	80
3.2.8.3	Metals, Dioxins, and Furans	80
3.2.8.4	Revisions to NMIM Toxic Emission Factors	80
3.2.9	Quality Assurance (QA) Procedures	81
4.0 2002 ONROAD NEI DEVELOPMENT	83
4.1	HOW WAS NMIM RUN TO GENERATE A DEFAULT ONROAD NEI?	83
4.2	HOW WERE NMIM EMISSIONS AND STATE DATA USED?	83
4.3	WHAT AUGMENTATION PROCEDURES WERE USED FOR STATE DATA?.86
4.3.1	Missing Pollutants	86
4.3.2	SCC Allocations	86
4.3.2.1	Vehicle Type Allocations	86
4.3.2.2	Road Type Allocations	87
4.3.2.3	Exhaust/Evaporative/Tire/Brake Allocations	87
4.3.2.4	Ammonia Allocations	88
4.3.3	Estimating Annual Emissions	88
4.4	QA PROCEDURES	88
4.4.1	Models	88
4.4.2	NMIM County Database	88
4.4.3	Completeness Checks 	88
4.4.4	Comparison of the Draft 2002 NEI with Preliminary 2002 NEI	89
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4.5 NOTES	89
5.0 2002 NONROAD NEI DEVELOPMENT	91
5.1	HOW WAS NMIM RUN TO GENERATE A DEFAULT NONROAD NEI?	91
5.2	HOW WERE NMIM EMISSIONS AND S/L/T DATA USED?	91
5.3	WHAT AUGMENTATION PROCEDURES WERE USED FOR STATE DATA?.91
5.3.1	Missing Pollutants	91
5.3.2	SCC Detail		94
5.3.3	Estimating Annual Emissions	94
5.4	QA PROCEDURES	94
5.4.1	Models	94
5.4.2	NMIM County Database	95
5.4.3	Completeness Checks 	95
5.4.4	Comparison with Preliminary 2002 NEI	95
5.4.5	Quality Assurance ofNIF3.0 Format	95
5.5	NOTES	96
6.0 2002 MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING NEI	97
6.1	HOW WERE STAGE II ONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS DEVELOPED?. . 97
6.2	HOW WERE STAGE II NONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS DEVELOPED?.97
6.3	REPORTING OF MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING	98
6.4	QA PROCEDURES	98
7.0 REFERENCES	99
APPENDIX A. LOCAL DATA FOR NMIM COUNTY DATABASE	 A-1
APPENDIX B. ONROAD MOBILE EMISSIONS DATA SUMMARIES FOR S/L/T
SUBMITTALS	B-l
APPENDIX C. NONROAD MODEL EMISSIONS DATA SUMMARIES FOR S/L/T
SUBMITTALS	C-l
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TABLES
1-1.	Final 2002 Mobile National Emissions Inventory, Version 3	1
2-la.	Methods Used to Develop Emission Estimates for Onroad Vehicle Sources	4
2-lb. Methods Used to Develop Annual Emission Estimates for Nonroad Mobile Sources	6
2-2. Summary of Onroad and Nonroad 2002 CERR Data Submissions	13
2-3. Comparison of 2002 Onroad Mobile Draft and Preliminary NEI	16
2-4. Comparison of 2002 NONROAD Model Draft and Preliminary NEI	17
2-5. Comparison of 2002 Onroad Mobile Version 2 and Draft NEI	17
2-6. Comparison of 2002 NONROAD Model Version 2 and Draft NEI	18
2-7. List of Original I/M Program Description Files Adapted from the 1999 NEI Inputs	29
2-8. List of State Supplied I/M Program Description Files	30
2-9. List of I/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the 2002 National Emission
Inventory	31
2-10. Comparison of 2002 Onroad Mobile Final (Version 3) and Version 2 NEI	34
2-11.	Comparison of 2002 NONROAD Model Final (Version 3) and Version 2 NEI	35
3-1.	The 18 Vehicle Class-roadway Type Combinations inNMIM	42
3-2. The MOBILE6 Calendar Years and Evaluation Months That Are Used by NMIM to
Produce an Inventory for Each Month of a Given Year, Y.	43
3-3. Hydrocarbon Forms Available from NMIM (MOBILE6 User Guide)	44
3-4. List of Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM	45
3-5a. The 12 Vehicle Classes That Correspond to SCCs	47
3-5b. The 28 MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes and the 12 Vehicle Classes Corresponding to SCCs
That Are Output by NMIM	47
3-6. 12 Roadway Types	48
3-7. NONROAD Model Equipment Segments	48
3-8. Tables in the NMIM County Database (NCD)	49
3-9. Allocation of VMT from HPMS Vehicle Categories to MOBILE6 Vehicle Types
for 2002	 59
3-10. NMIM Default VMT Seasonal and Monthly Temporal Allocation Factors	60
3-11. Survey Cities and 2000 Diesel Sulfur Values	64
3-12. City Mapping and Weights for Diesel Sulfur	64
3-13. Nonroad Diesel Sulfur Levels by Category and by State	66
3-14. Nonroad Specific Parameters Provided by State	70
3-15.	Updates to the SCCToxics Factors Evaporative Emissions (All SCCs)	81
4-1.	Summary of Onroad S/L/T Emission Submittals and Data Allocation Procedures	84
4-2.	SCCs Included in Onroad Inventory	90
5-1.	Summary of NONROAD Model S/L Submittals and Data Augmentation Procedures. ... 92
6-1.	Stage II HAP Speciation Profiles Applied to VOC Emissions	97
A-l. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2002	 A-2
A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies	 A-7
A-3. 25 Year Trend of Vehicle Registrations And New Sales in Puerto Rico	 A-16
A-4. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies	 A-17
A-5. Average Speeds by Road Type and Vehicle Type	 A-21
A-6. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies	 A-22
A-7. Trip Length Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal Agencies	 A-29
A-8. Vehicle Miles Traveled by Hour of the Day Distributions Provided by State, Local, and
Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies	 A-30
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AAMA
Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers of America
ALVW
adjusted loaded vehicle weight
ASOS
Automated Surface Observing System
AWOS
Automated Weather Observing System
ATV
all-terrain vehicle
BSFC
brake-specific fuel consumption
CAP
criteria air pollutant
CASRN
Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers
CENRAP
Central Regional Air Planning Association
CERR
Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule
CNG
compressed natural gas
CO
carbon monoxide
EC
elemental carbon
EIG
Emission Inventory Group
EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ERG
Eastern Research Group, Inc
ETBE
ethyl tertiary butyl ether
ETOH
ethanol
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration
FHWA
Federal Highway Administration
FID
flame ionization detection
FIPS
Federal Information Processing System
GSE
ground support equipment
GUI
graphical user interface
GVWR
gross vehicle weight rating
HAPs
hazardous air pollutants
HC
hydrocarbons
HDDV
heavy duty diesel vehicle
HDGV
heavy duty gasoline vehicle
HHDDV
heavy heavy-duty vehicle
HPMS
Highway Performance Monitoring System
I/M
inspection and maintenance
LDDT
light duty diesel truck
LDGT
light duty gasoline truck
LDDV
light duty diesel vehicle
LDGV
light duty gasoline vehicle
LDV
light duty vehicle
LEV
low emission vehicle
LHDDV
light heavy-duty diesel vehicle
LPG
liquefied petroleum gas
LVW
loaded vehicle weight
MC
motorcycle
MHDDV
medium heavy-duty diesel vehicle
mph
miles per hour
MTBE
methyl tertiary butyl ether
NAPAP
National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program
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NCD
NCDC
NEI
NGV
nh3
NIF
NMHC
NMIM
NMOG
NOx
NWS
oc
OTAQ
PAH
Pechan
PM
PM10
PM2.5
psi
QA
REMSAD
RFG
RVP
SCC
SEMCOG
S/L/T
so2
so4
SOA
TAME
THC
TOG
U.S.
VOC
VMT
WO
NMIM County Database
National Climatic Data Center
National Emissions Inventory
natural gas vehicle
ammonia
NEI Input Format
nonmethane hydrocarbons
National Mobile Inventory Model
nonmethane organic gases
oxides of nitrogen
National Weather Service
organic carbon
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
polyaromatic hydrocarbons
E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.
particulate matter
particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal
10 micrometers
particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal
2.5 micrometers
pounds per square inch
quality assurance
Regional Modeling System for Aerosols and Deposition
reformulated gasoline
Reid vapor pressure
source classification code
South Eastern Michigan Council of Governments
State, local, and tribal
sulfur dioxide
sulfate
secondary organic aerosol
tertiary amyl methyl ether
total hydrocarbons
total organic gases
United States
volatile organic compounds
vehicle miles traveled
winter oxygenate
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1.0	INTRODUCTION
The National Emissions Inventory (NEI) is a comprehensive inventory covering criteria
pollutants and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) for the 50 United States (U.S.), Washington DC,
Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands. The NEI was created by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's (EPA's) Emission Inventory Group (EIG) in Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina.
The NEI will be used to support air quality modeling, rule development, international reporting,
air quality trends analysis, and other activities. To this end, the EPA established a goal to
compile comprehensive emissions data in the NEI for criteria and HAPs for nonroad mobile,
onroad mobile, point, and nonpoint sources.
1.1	WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT?
This report summarizes the procedures EPA used to estimate annual emissions for the onroad
mobile sector and a portion of the nonroad sector of EPA's 2002 final NEI, also referred to as the
2002 NEI Version 3. Relevant activities for preparing the mobile sector 2002 draft final NEI
(i.e., 2002 NEI Version 2) are also summarized. For complete documentation of the 2002 draft
mobile NEI, see "Documentation for the Draft 2002 Mobile National Emissions Inventory,"
(EPA, 2005a). A preliminary 2002 NEI, which preceded the draft 2002 NEI, is also briefly
discussed.
The nonroad sector is comprised of nonroad engines in EPA's NONROAD model, as well as
other engines not modeled in NONROAD, including aircraft, commercial marine vessels, and
locomotives. This report only addresses those categories included in EPA's NONROAD model.
Methodologies for other nonroad categories are documented in a separate report entitled,
"Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, and Locomotive, and Other Nonroad Components of the
National Emissions Inventory" (ERG, 2005).
A summary of national annual onroad mobile and NONROAD model criteria pollutant emissions
as calculated for the final 2002 mobile NEI is provided in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1. Final 2002 Mobile National Emissions
Inventory, Version 3
Pollutant
Onroad Emissions,
tpy
NONROAD Emissions,
tpy
voc
4,917,692
2,838,912
NOx
7,870,197
2,197,879
CO
60,597,280
21,788,376
PM10
202,907
230,577
PM25
147,620
219,219
S02
245,274
189,347
NH3
294,016
1,884
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1.2 WHAT CATEGORIES ARE COVERED IN THIS REPORT?
The "on-road vehicles" category includes motorized vehicles that are normally operated on
public roadways. This includes passenger cars, motorcycles, minivans, sport-utility vehicles,
light-duty trucks, heavy-duty trucks, and buses.
NONROAD model categories include recreational marine and land-based vehicles, farm and
construction machinery, industrial, commercial, logging, and lawn and garden equipment.
Aircraft ground support equipment (GSE) and rail maintenance equipment are also included in
NONROAD. These equipment are powered by compression-ignition engines, which are
typically diesel-fueled, as well as spark-ignition or gasoline-fueled engines. Compressed natural
gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) engines may also power certain types of nonroad
equipment.
1.3 HOW IS THIS REPORT ORGANIZED?
Chapter 2 provides an overview of the procedures used to develop the 2002 nonroad and onroad
mobile emission estimates, as well as a summary of methodologies used for developing historic
year mobile emission estimates. Chapter 3 presents a discussion of EPA's National Mobile
Inventory Model (NMIM), as well as a description of the inputs used in the NMIM County
Database (NCD). Chapters 4 and 5 describe how NMIM results and State, local, and tribal
emissions data were used to develop the onroad mobile, and NONROAD model emissions
inventory, respectively. Finally, Chapter 6 describes the procedures used to estimate mobile
source refueling (i.e., Stage II) emission estimates.
The report also contains three appendices. Appendix A contains a detailed listing of the local
inputs used for the NCD as referenced in Chapter 3. Appendix B provides a listing of the onroad
mobile emissions data received and the corrections and additions EPA made to the S/L/T data
submissions. Appendix C provides a comparable listing for NONROAD model emissions data.
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2.0	SUMMARY OF 2002 NONROAD AND ONROAD MOBILE
METHODOLOGIES
This section provides an overview of the methods used to develop the preliminary 2002 NEI,
draft 2002 NEI, and the 2002 NEI Versions 2 and 3. Though the focus of this documentation is
on describing the methodologies and data used for 2002, section 2.1 of this document provides
an overview of methodologies used for developing historic year mobile emission estimates,
including onroad and all nonroad mobile categories.
2.1	WHAT ARE THE GENERAL METHODOLOGIES EPA USED TO
DEVELOP PREVIOUS MOBILE NEIS?
Criteria air pollutant (CAP) emission estimates for mobile sources have been developed for the
years 1970, 1975, and 1978 through 2002. HAP emission estimates for mobile sources have
been prepared for the years 1990, 1996, 1999, and 2002. Table 2-la provides a summary of the
methods used for preparing current base year (2002) and historic year HAP and CAP onroad
mobile emission estimates. Table 2-lb lists the methods used to prepare various subsectors of
the nonroad mobile sector inventory, for 2002 and previous inventory years.
2.2 HOW HAVE EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED FROM THE 2002
PRELIMINARY NEI?
This section provides an overview of the basis of the 2002 preliminary mobile NEI and the 2002
draft NEI. The basis for some of the differences is also highlighted.
2.2.1 Basis for 2002 Preliminary Mobile NEI
EPA's Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ) has developed a model known as the
NMIM. NMIM includes a county-level database with parameters specific to each county. The
data in this county-level database are used to develop MOBILE6.2 and NONROAD model input
files within NMIM. NMIM is described in more detail in Section 3.1 of this document. EPA's
NMIM was used to generate the preliminary nonroad estimates for the 2002 NEI, but not to
generate the onroad estimates. Documentation of the procedures for the 2002 preliminary
NONROAD model NEI is available in a December 2003 report (EPA, 2003a).
The preliminary onroad estimates were developed by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. (Pechan),
but using many of the same data and methods being used in NMIM (EPA, 2004a). Both the
preliminary and the draft NEI were based on version MOBILE6.2.03 of the MOBILE6 emission
factor model to generate emission rates and for any default values used.
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Table 2-1 a. Methods Used to Develop Emission Estimates for Onroad Vehicle
Sources
(Years addressed in this report are noted in bold print)
Base
Year(s)
Pollutant(s)
Geographic Area Emission Estimation Method
1970,
1975
1978,
1987,
1990,
1996,
2000
1979-
1986
1988-
1989
1991-
1995
1990,
1996
1997-
1998
1999
All Criteria
All Criteria
All Criteria
All Criteria
All Criteria
HAPs
All Criteria
All Criteria
1999 VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10,
PM2.5
1999	NH,
1999 PM10 Exhaust
1999 VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10
brake and tire
wear, PM2.5,
nh3
1999 All Criteria
1999 All Criteria
1999	HAPs
1999	HAPs
2001 VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10,
US
US
US
US
US
US
US
AL; ME; MA; MS; UT;
VA; WV; Maricopa
County, AZ; Hamilton
County, TN
California
California
Colorado
Colorado
Oregon
Rest of US, Puerto
Rico, and US Virgin
Islands
California
Rest of US, Puerto
Rico, and US Virgin
Islands
California
Linear extrapolation at national vehicle type level
based on 1978 and 1987 national data
Calculated at State/county/source classification code
(SCC) level by month using MOBILE6, no State data
incorporated
Linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based
on 1978 and 1987 State/count/SCC level data
Linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based
on 1987 and 1990 State/count/SCC level data
Linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level based
on 1990 and 1996 State/count/SCC level data
MOBILE6 emission factors calculated at
State/county/SCC level by season; applied to Federal
Highway Administration (FHWA)-based vehicle miles
traveled (VMT)
2-step linear interpolation at State/count/SCC level
based on 1996 and 1999 State/count/SCC level data
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using
MOBILE6; State-provided VMT data used
Emissions and VMT provided by California at
county/vehicle type level; State-provided emissions
expanded to county/SCC level by EPA
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using
MOBILE6 emission factors with State-provided VMT
data
PM10 emissions and VMT provided by State
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using
MOBILE6; State-provided VMT data used
Emissions and VMT provided by Oregon at
county/vehicle type level; State-provided emissions
expanded to county/SCC level by EPA
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using
MOBILE6 and FHWA-based VMT
HAP emissions and VMT provided by California at
county/vehicle type level; emissions allocated to SCC
level by EPA
MOBILE6 emission factors calculated at
State/county/SCC level by season; applied to FHWA-
based VMT
Emissions and VMT provided by California at
county/vehicle type level; State-provided emissions
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Table 2-1a (continued)
Base



Year(s)
Pollutant(s)
Geographic Area
Emission Estimation Method

PM2.5

expanded to county/SCC level by EPA
2001
nh3
California
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using
MOBILE6 emission factors with State-provided VMT
data
2001
All Criteria
AL; CO; ME; MA; MS;
OR; UT; VA; WV;
Maricopa County, AZ;
Hamilton County, TN
State-provided VMT grown to 2001; emissions
calculated by EPA using MOBILE6 emission factors
2001
All Criteria
Rest of US
Calculated at State/county/SCC level by month using
MOBILE6 and FHWA-based VMT
2002
All Criteria,
US, Puerto Rico,
Emission estimates for all pollutants were

HAPs
Virgin Islands
developed using EPA's National Mobile Inventory
Model (NMIM), which uses MOBILE6 to calculate
onroad emission factors. Where States provided
alternate onroad MOBILE6 inputs or VMT, these
data replaced EPA default inputs. California-
supplied emissions data which replaced default
EPA emission estimates for this state. Default
VMT is based on FHWA 2002 data and population
data from 2000 Census.
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Table 2-1 b. Methods Used to Develop Annual Emission Estimates for Nonroad
Mobile Sources
(Categories/years addressed in this report are noted in bold print)
Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
NONROAD Categories
Nonroad
Gasoline,
Diesel, LPG,
CNG
2002
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10,
PM2.5, NH3, &
HAPs
Emission estimates for NONROAD model
engines were developed using EPA's National
Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM), which
incorporates NONROAD2005. Where States
provided alternate nonroad inputs, these data
replaced EPA default inputs. California-
supplied emissions data also replaced EPA
emission estimates for this State.

1999
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Using emission estimates from two emission
inventories including: 1) a 1996 county-level
inventory, developed using EPA's October 2001
draft NONROAD model; and 2) an updated 1999
national inventory, based on EPA's draft Lockdown
C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Using the
1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and
daily county-to-national ratios were then developed
for application to updated national estimates per
season estimated from the Lockdown C model.
Replaced State-submitted data for California for all
NONROAD model categories; Pennsylvania for
recreational marine and aircraft ground support
equipment, and Texas for select equipment
categories.

1996, 1997,
1998,2000 &
2001
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Using emission estimates from two emission
inventories including: 1) a 1996 county-level
inventory, developed using EPA's October 2001
draft NONROAD model; and 2) updated year-
specific national and California inventories, based
on EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model
(dated May 2002). Using the 1996 county-level
emission estimates, seasonal and daily county-to-
national ratios and California county-to-State ratios
were then developed for application to updated
national estimates per season estimated from the
Lockdown C model. California results replace the
diesel equipment emissions generated from prior
application of county-to-national ratios.

1991-1995
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10,
PM2.5, NH3
Using 1990 and 1996 county-level emissions
inventories, estimated emissions using linear
interpolation of national emissions between 1990
and 1996. From these emissions, calculated the
average annual growth rate for each pollutant/SCC
combination for each year, and then applied the
growth factors to 1990 county-level emissions to
estimate 1991-1995 emissions.
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Table 2-1b (continued)
Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
Nonroad
Gasoline,
Diesel, LPG,
and
CNG
(Continued)
1990
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Using emission estimates from two emission
inventories including: 1) a 1996 county-level
inventory, developed using EPA's October 2001
draft NONROAD model; and 2) updated 1990
national inventory, based on EPA's draft Lockdown
C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Using the
1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and
daily county-to-national ratios were then developed
for application to updated national estimates per
season estimated from the Lockdown C model.

1986, 1988,
& 1989
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10,
PM2.5, NH3
Using 1985 and 1990 county-level emissions
inventories, estimated emissions using linear
interpolation of national emissions between 1985
and 1990. From these emissions, calculated the
average annual growth rate for each pollutant/SCC
combination for each year, and then applied the
growth factors to 1985 county-level emissions to
estimate 1986-1989 emissions.

1987
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Using EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model
(dated May 2002), developed updated national
emissions for 1987 by running 4 seasonal
NONROAD model runs to estimate annual criteria
pollutant emissions. Also performed national
NONROAD model runs to estimate typical summer
weekday emissions.

1985
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Using emission estimates from two emission
inventories including: 1) a 1996 county-level
inventory, developed using EPA's October 2001
draft NONROAD model; and 2) updated 1985
national inventory, based on EPA's draft Lockdown
C NONROAD model (dated May 2002). Using the
1996 county-level emission estimates, seasonal and
daily county-to-national ratios were then developed
for application to updated national estimates per
season estimated from the Lockdown C model.

1970, 1975,
1978,& 1980
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Using EPA's draft Lockdown C NONROAD model
(dated May 2002), developed updated national
emissions for all years by running 4 seasonal
NONROAD model runs to estimate annual criteria
pollutant emissions. Also performed national
NONROAD model runs to estimate typical summer
weekday emissions.
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Table 2-1b (continued)
Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
Nonroad
Gasoline,
Diesel, LPG,
and
CNG
(Continued)
1996, 1997,
1998, 1999,
2000,& 2001
nh3
Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from
the Lockdown C NONROAD model, multiplying by
NH3 emission factors, and distributing to counties
using 1996 inventory, based on October 2001 draft
NONROAD. NH3 emissions for California were also
recalculated using updated diesel fuel consumption
values generated for California-specific runs, and
assuming the 1996 county-level distribution.

1985 & 1990
nh3
Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from
the Lockdown C NONROAD model, multiplying by
NH3 emission factors, and distributing to counties
using 1996 inventory, based on October 2001 draft
NONROAD.

1987
NH3
Obtaining 1987 national fuel consumption estimates
from Lockdown C NONROAD model and
multiplying by NH3 emission factors.

1970, 1975,
1978,& 1980
nh3
Obtaining national fuel consumption estimates from
the Lockdown C NONROAD model and multiplying
by NH3 emission factors.

1990, 1996,
& 1999
HAPs
Speciation profiles applied to county VOC and PM
estimates. Metal HAPs were calculated using fuel
and activity-based emission factors. Some State
data were provided and replaced national
estimates. (2003)
Aircraft
Commercial
Aircraft
2002
Criteria and HAPs
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Emissions
and Dispersion and Modeling System (EDMS) was
run for criteria pollutants, VOC and PM emissions
were speciated into HAP components. (2004)

1990, 1996,
1999, 2000,
2001
VOC, NO,, CO,
SOx
Input landing and take-off (LTO) data into FAA
EDMS. National emissions were assigned to
airports based on airport specific LTO data and BTS
GIS data. State data replaced national estimates.
(2003)

1970-1998
VOC, NO„, CO,
SOx
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear
interpolation between available base years. (2003)

1990, 1996,
1999
HAPs
Speciation profiles were applied to VOC estimates
to get national HAP estimates. State data replaced
national estimates. (2003)
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Table 2-1b (continued)
Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
General
Aviation, Air
Taxis
1978, 1987,
1990, 1996,
1999, 2000,
2001,& 2002
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Used FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission
factors for criteria estimates. Speciation profiles
were applied to VOC estimates to get national HAP
estimates. State data replaced national estimates.
(2004)

1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO,
SOx, PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear
interpolation between available base years. (2003)

1990, 1996,
1999,& 2002
HAPs
Used FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission
factors for criteria estimates. Speciation profiles
were applied to VOC estimates to develop national
HAP estimates. (2004)

1990, 1996,
1999,& 2002
Pb
Used Department of Energy (DOE) aviation
gasoline usage data with lead concentration of
aviation gasoline. (2004)

1996
nh3
Applied NH3 emissions factors to 1996 national jet
fuel and aviation gasoline consumption estimates.
Military Aircraft
1978, 1987,
1990, 1996,
1999, 2000,
2001,& 2002
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Used FAA LTO data and EPA approved emission
factors for criteria estimates. Representative HAP
profiles were not readily available, therefore HAP
estimates were not developed. State data replaced
national estimates. (2004)

1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO,
SOx, PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear
interpolation between available base years. (2003)
Auxiliary Power
Units
1985-2001
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Grew 1996 emissions to each year using LTO
operations data from the FAA. Estimation methods
prior to 1996 reported in EPA, 1998.
Unpaved
Airstrips1
1985-2001
PM10, PM2.5
Grew 1996 emissions to each year using SIC 45-Air
Transportation growth factors, consistent with the
current draft version of EGAS. Estimation methods
prior to 1996 reported in EPA, 1998.
Aircraft
Refueling1
1985-2001
VOC
Grew 1996 emissions to each year using SIC 45-Air
Transportation growth factors, consistent with the
current draft version of EGAS. Estimation methods
prior to 1996 reported in EPA, 1998.
Commercial Marine Vessel (CMV)
All CMV
Categories
2002
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
2001 Estimates carried over. Used State data when
provided. (2004)


HAPs
1999 Estimates carried over. Used State data when
provided. (2004)
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Table 2-1b (continued)
Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
CMV Diesel
1978, 1987,
1990, 1996,
1999, 2000,
& 2001
VOC, NOx, CO,
SOx, PM10, &
PM2.5,
Used criteria emission estimates in the background
document for marine diesel regulations for 2000.
Adjusted 2000 criteria emission estimates for other
used based on fuel usage. Emissions were
disaggregated into port traffic and underway
activities. Port emissions were assigned to specific
ports based on amount of cargo handled.
Underway emissions were allocated based on Army
Corp of Engineering waterway data. State data
replaced national estimates. (2003)

1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO,
SOx, PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear
interpolation between available base years. (2003)

1990, 1996,
1999
HAPs
VOC and PM emission estimates were speciated
into HAP components. State data replaced national
estimates. (2003)

1996
nh3
Applied NH3 emissions factors to 1996 distillate and
residual fuel oil estimates (i.e., as reported in EIA,
1996).

1990-1995
nh3
Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.
CMV Steam
Powered
1978, 1987,
1990, 1996,
1999, 2000,
& 2001
VOC, NOx, CO,
SOx, PM10, &
PM2.5
Calculated criteria emissions based on EPA SIP
guidance. Emissions were disaggregated into port
traffic and under way activities. Port emissions
were assigned to specific ports based on amount of
cargo handled. Underway emissions were allocated
based on Army Corp of Engineering waterway data.
State data replaced national estimates. (2003)

1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO,
SOx, PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear
interpolation between available base years. (2003)

1990, 1996,
& 1999
HAPs
VOC and PM emission estimates were speciated
into HAP components. State data replaced national
estimates. (2003)
Military Marine
1997-2001
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Applied EGAS growth factors to 1996 emissions
estimates for this category.
CMV Coal,2
CMV, Steam
powered, CMV
Gasoline2
1997-1998
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Applied EGAS growth factors to 1996 emissions
estimates for this category.
CM Coal, CMV,
Steam powered,
CMV Gasoline,
Military Marine
1991-1995
VOC, NOx, CO,
S02, PM10, PM2.5
Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.
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Table 2-1b (continued)
Category
Base Year
Pollutant(s)
Estimation Method*
Locomotives
Class 1, Class II,
Commuter,
Passenger, and
Ya rd
Locomotives
1978, 1987,
1990, 1996,
1999, 2000,
2000,& 2002
VOC, NOx, CO,
PM10, PM2.5
Criteria pollutants were estimated by using
locomotive fuel use data from DOE EIA and
available emission factors. County-level estimates
were obtained by scaling the national estimates with
the rail GIS data from DOT. State data replaced
national estimates. (2004)

1978, 1987,
1990, 1996,
1999, 2000,
2001,& 2002
S02
SOx emissions were calculated by using locomotive
fuel use and fuel sulfur concentration data from EIA.
County-level estimates were obtained by scaling the
national estimates with the county level rail activity
data from DOT. State data replaced national
estimates. (2004)

1970-1998
VOC, NOx, CO,
SOx, PM10, PM2.5
Estimated emissions for interim years using linear
interpolation between available base years. (2003)

1990, 1996,
1999,& 2002
HAPs
HAP emissions were calculated by applying
speciation profiles to VOC and PM estimates.
County-level estimates were obtained by scaling the
national estimates with the county level rail activity
from DOT. State data replaced national estimates.
(2004)

1997-1998
nh3
Grew 1996 base year emissions using EGAS
growth indicators.

1996
nh3
Applied NH3 emissions factors to diesel
consumption estimates for 1996.

1990-1995
nh3
Estimation methods reported in EPA, 1998.
Notes:
* Dates included at the end of Estimation Method represent the year that the section was revised.
1. Emission estimates for unpaved airstrips and aircraft refueling are included in the area source NEI, since they
represent non-engine emissions.
2. National Emission estimates for CMV Coal and CMV Gasoline were not developed though States and local
agencies may have submitted estimates for these source categories.
EPA, 1998. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission
Factors and Inventory Group, National Air Pollutant Emission Trends, Procedures Document, 1900-1996, EPA-
454/R-98-008. May 1998.
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2.2.2 Basis for 2002 Draft Mobile NEI
In developing the 2002 draft mobile NEI, EPA provided State, local, and tribal (S/L/T) agencies
the opportunity to review and provide comment on the preliminary NEI. EPA prepared
instructions for S/L/T agencies to explain the preferred methods for submitting either NMIM
inputs and/or emissions data (EPA, 2004b). Air agencies were required to submit these data to
EPA by June 1, 2004, according to the Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (CERR)
requirements. Once submitted, these data were logged, reviewed, and quality-assured by EPA.
Table 2-2 provides a summary of the data submitted by S/L/T agencies for the CERR.
As a first step, all emission estimates for the draft 2002 onroad and NONROAD model (hereafter
referred to as simply "nonroad") NEI were made using NMIM and the updated NCD. The
NMIM county-level database for 2002 was updated with local data submitted by State and local
agencies and EPA's most current default 2002 data where local data were not provided. As seen
in Table 2-2, many States provided emissions estimates to EPA directly as part of the June 2004
CERR requirements, and these emission estimates replaced the default EPA estimates.
Some updates were also made by EPA to NMIM between the preliminary and draft version of the
NEI. The 2002 preliminary nonroad inventory was based on an assumption that the diesel fuel
used by all nonroad sources in a county would be the same in terms of sulfur content. The
version of NMIM used for the draft NEI reflects a difference in the sulfur content of diesel fuel
used by recreational marine engines compared to the sulfur content of diesel fuel used by other
nonroad engines in the county.
There was also a change in the method used to assign the MOBILE6 evaluation year and month.
The preliminary inventory used January for all months from January through June and July for
the months July through December. The version of NMIM used for the draft NEI uses January
for January through March, July for April through September and January of the following
calendar year (2003) for the months October through December. Also, the draft NEI used county
specific hourly average temperature values and the preliminary NEI used State average minimum
and maximum values.
A more detailed listing by parameter of S/L/T inputs used in the updated NCD for the draft 2002
NEI is presented in Section 3.2 of this document.
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Table 2-2. Summary of Onroad and Nonroad 2002 CERR Data Submissions





MOBILE6



State


Data Provided
NCD
Input
Onroad NIF
NONROAD Model
NONROAD/NMIM
ID

State Name
For
Files
Files
Emission Files
NIF Emission Files
external files
01
AL
Alabama
All Counties


V7
v7

02
AK
Alaska






04
AZ
Arizona
Maricopa County


•J
•J




Pima County

V7
•J





Rest of State





05
AR
Arkansas
All Counties


•J
•J

06
CA
California
All Counties


•J
•J




La Posta Tribe



•J

08
CO
Colorado
All Counties
v7

•J
•J
v7
09
CT
Connecticut






10
DE
Delaware
All Counties
•J

•J
•J
•J
11
DC
District of
Columbia

•J
V7



12
FL
Florida
Pinnelas County


•J





Broward County


•J





Rest of State





13
GA
Georgia
All Counties


•J
•J

15
HI
Hawaii






16
ID
Idaho
All Counties

•J
•J
•J

17
IL
Illinois
All Counties

•J
•J
•J
•J (opt files only)
18
IN
Indiana





v7
19
IA
Iowa
All Counties


•J Onroad NIF only
for ammonia
•J Only for ammonia

20
KS
Kansas
All Counties



•J Only for ammonia

21
KY
Kentucky
Jefferson County

•J
v7
•J




Rest of State





22
LA
Louisiana
All Counties



•J Only for ammonia

23
ME
Maine
All Counties


v7
•J

24
MD
Maryland
All Counties
V7
V7

•J (seasonal only)

25
MA
Massachusetts
All Counties

•J
V7


26
Ml
Michigan
All Counties

•J

v7
v7



SEMCOG
•J
•J
•J


27
MN
Minnesota
All Counties


•J Onroad NIF only
for ammonia
v7 Only for ammonia

28
MS
Mississippi
All Counties


•J
•J

29
MO
Missouri
All Counties


•J
v7 Only for ammonia

30
MT
Montana






31
NE
Nebraska
Lancaster County


•J
v7




Rest of State





32
NV
Nevada
15 of 17 Counties


•J
v7




Clark County


•J
v7




Washoe County





33
NH
New Hampshire
All Counties



•J

34
NJ
New Jersey
All Counties
•J
•J

v7

35
NM
New Mexico






36
N Y
New York
All Counties

•J
•J
v7

37
NC
North Carolina
All Counties


•J
v7

38
ND
North Dakota






39
OH
Ohio
All Counties

•J


v7
40
OK
Oklahoma






41
OR
Oregon
All Counties

•J

•J

42
PA
Pennsylvania
All Counties


•J
v7

72
PR
Puerto Rico






44
Rl
Rhode Island

•J



v7
45
SC
South Carolina






46
SD
South Dakota






13
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Table 2-2 (continued)





MOBILE6



State


Data Provided
NCD
Input
Onroad NIF
NONROAD Model
NONROAD/NMIM
ID

State Name
For
Files
Files
Emission Files
NIF Emission Files
external files
47
TN
Tennessee
91 of 95 Counties

v7

v7
•J (opt files only)



Davidson County

V7
v7
V7
•J (opt files only)



Hamilton County

•J






Knox County

•J
•J





Shelby County

•J



48
TX
Texas
All Counties

•J
•J
•J

49
UT
Utah
All Counties
•J
•J
•J
•J

50
VT
Vermont
All Counties

•J
•J


78
VI
Virqin Islands






51
VA
Virginia
All Counties
•J


•J (seasonal only)

53
WA
Washinqton
All Counties
•J

•J
•J (except 4 counties)
•J
54
WV
West Virginia
All Counties


•J
v7

55
Wl
Wisconsin
All Counties

•J


•J
56
WY
Wyoming






2.2.3 Onroad Mobile Pollutant Emission Comparisons
For the onroad sources, the primary differences between the preliminary 2002 NEI estimates and
the draft 2002 NEI estimates stem from changes in the default vehicle miles traveled (VMT),
county-specific temperature and humidity information used in NMIM, S/L/T-provided emission
estimates or MOBILE6 and NMIM inputs, and sulfur inputs. Table 2-4 summarizes the
differences in criteria pollutant emissions and VMT between these two versions of the NEI for
the entire United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. At the national level, the changes
are relatively small, with oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (S02) showing the greatest
differences. When viewed at the State level, however, the changes between the two versions
become much more significant.
Annual VMT
The annual VMT used in the preliminary version of the NEI was based on growing the 2001
VMT estimates to 2002, based on preliminary national 2002 VMT estimates made by the Federal
Highway Administration (FHWA). The default VMT values used in the draft version of the NEI
include both actual 2002 FHWA data at the State and roadway type level and the State/urban
area/roadway type level and a change to the underlying population data that is used to allocate the
VMT by county and road type from the 1990 Census to the 2000 Census. In addition, the draft
2002 NEI includes VMT values provided by S/L/T agencies. The resulting change in VMT for
the entire inventory is only a 0.7 percent increase from the preliminary to the draft 2002 NEI.
However, at the State level, the VMT changes range from a 22 percent decrease from the
preliminary to the draft version in Nevada to an increase in VMT of 13 percent in Florida.
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Total Annual Emissions
The onroad emission estimates in both the preliminary and draft versions of the NEI are based on
running the MOBILE6 model to generate emission factors in grams per mile and then
determining total annual tons using annual VMT. Although both inventories used the same
emission factor model, any changes in the methodology, the input values to MOBILE6, and the
VMT estimates will affect the inventory results.
The NMIM tool was designed to replicate the methodology used in the 1999 NEI onroad
emission inventory calculations, which was also used for the 2002 preliminary NEI estimates.
However, in the draft version of the NEI, there have been changes in many of the MOBILE6
input values. Some of these changes were submitted by individual S/L/T agencies. These
include inputs such as vehicle distributions by age, speeds, and distribution of VMT by vehicle
type. Changes in any of these inputs can cause significant changes in the resulting emission
values. In addition, some changes were made by EPA to update the default values. This includes
a change from state-level monthly minimum and maximum average daily temperatures to
county-level monthly average hourly temperatures and updates to fuel parameters, including
diesel sulfur contents.
As shown in Table 2-3, the S02 emission estimates decreased by about 6 percent from the
preliminary to draft versions of the NEI. Emissions of S02 are assumed to be directly
proportional to the content of sulfur in the fuel. In the preliminary version of the NEI, a sulfur
content of 500 parts per million (ppm) had been modeled nationwide. The draft version
incorporated diesel sulfur content survey data from 2000, showing diesel sulfur contents
generally in the range of 300 to 400 ppm. This change caused a direct reduction in the S02
emission values. Changes in fuel properties have also directly impacted the methyl tertiary butyl
ether (MTBE) emission estimates, resulting in lower MTBE emission estimates in the draft
version of the NEI.
The relatively large increase in the NOx emissions of 10.9 percent is caused, in part, by the
introduction of county-by-county humidity values to the calculations. Humidity has a large affect
on the NOx output from the MOBILE6 model. The preliminary NEI results used a constant
default humidity value for all counties in all seasons.
Differences among all pollutants and VMT are also caused by the use of S/L/T provided
emissions data. In cases where the supporting MOBILE6 inputs were not supplied, it is not
possible to determine the specific reasons for the differences. However, the methodology and the
source of data inputs used in the calculation of onroad emissions inventories generally differs for
each individual State.
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Table 2-3. Comparison of 2002 Onroad Mobile
Draft and Preliminary NEI

Preliminary
Draft


2002 NEI,
2002 NEI,
Percent

tpy
tpy
Difference
VOC
4,543,183
4,661,574
2.6
NOX
7,365,121
8,167,031
10.9
CO
62,160,738
62,731,794
0.9
PM 10-PRI
203,518
204,097
0.3
PM25-PRI
148,502
149,265
0.5
S02
275,487
258,942
-6.0
NH3
286,803
288,644
0.6
VMT (million miles)
2,821,912
2,841,676
0.7
2.2.4 NONROAD Model Pollutant Emission Comparisons
Table 2-4 summarizes the differences in NONROAD model criteria pollutant emissions between
the preliminary and draft versions of the 2002 NEI for the entire US, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin
Islands. At the national level, the changes are relatively small, with the exception of ammonia
(NH3). When viewed at the State level, however, the changes in pollutant emissions between the
two versions become much more apparent.
For nonroad, differences between the preliminary and draft NEI are due in part to changes in the
NONROAD model, and category-level emissions differences are consistent with the changes in
the model for certain equipment categories. Diesel recreational marine populations and
horsepower increased significantly, explaining large increases in particulate matter (PM), volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), and the HAPs (which are calculated as ratios to PM and VOC) for
those source category codes (SCCs). Gasoline recreational equipment PM increased due to
increased emission factors for all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and motorcycles. Decrease in S02 and
NH3 are explained by large decreases in brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) for the same
two recreational equipment categories.
As shown in Table 2-4 though, some of these changes are reversed by the incorporation of State-
supplied emissions data to the draft NEI. Overall, VOC, PM10-PRI, and PM25-PRI showed
relatively small decreases. It should be noted that the addition of emissions for PM10-FIL and
PM25-FIL (from California) to PM-PRI totals would make these totals more comparable.
Carbon monoxide (CO) and S02 showed decreases of approximately 10 percent. Though NOx
emissions increased a small percentage (4 percent), NH3 showed a significant increase. Again,
more meaningful comparisons would need to be conducted on a State-by-State basis.
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Table 2-4. Comparison of 2002 NONROAD
Model Draft and Preliminary NEI

Preliminary
2002 NEI,
tpy
Draft 2002
NEI, tpy
Percent
Difference
voc
2,600,466
2,513,340
-3.4
NOX
2,105,334
2,194,924
4.3
CO
23,971,684
21,580,651
-10.0
PM10-PRI
242,314
228,695
-5.6
PM25-PRI
223,039
211,625
-5.1
PM10-FIL
NA
18,634
NA
PM25-FIL
NA
16,374
NA
S02
205,853
183,733
-10.7
NH3
3,163
14,198
348.9
2.3 HOW HAVE 2002 VERSION 2 EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED
FROM THE 2002 DRAFT NEI?
This section provides an overview of the differences in the 2002 mobile NEI Version 2 compared
to the 2002 draft NEI. In developing Version 2 of the NEI, EPA provided State, local, and tribal
(S/L/T) agencies the opportunity to review and provide comment on the draft NEI posted in
February 2005. Tables 2-5 and 2-6 summarizes the differences in national (including Puerto
Rico, and the Virgin Islands) mobile source criteria pollutant emissions between the Version 2
and draft versions of the 2002 NEI for the onroad mobile and NONROAD model sector,
respectively. Differences result from the incorporation of new State data or NMIM inputs for the
Version 2 NEI. However, some of the differences are due to changes in the default EPA NMIM
emission estimates, as described in the sections below. Generally, the overall differences are
minimal, with the differences in nonroad S02 and NH3 being relatively greater.
Table 2-5. Comparison of 2002 Onroad Mobile
Version 2 and Draft NEI

Draft
2002 NEI,
tpy
Version 2
2002 NEI, tpy
Percent
Difference
VOC
4,661,574
4,660,584
0.0
NOX
8,167,031
8,133,574
-0.4
CO
62,731,794
62,957,988
0.4
PM10-PRI
204,097
203,258
-0.4
PM25-PRI
149,265
148,433
-0.6
S02
258,942
257,520
-0.5
NH3
288,644
289,567
0.3
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Table 2-6. Comparison of 2002 NONROAD Model
Version 2 and Draft NEI

Preliminary
Version 2
Percent

2002 NEI
2002 NEI
Difference
voc
2,513,340
2,492,244
-0.8
NOX
2,194,924
2,202,898
0.4
CO
21,580,651
21,520,638
-0.3
PM10-PRI
228,695
230,423
0.8
PM25-PRI
211,625
213,161
0.7
PM10-FIL
18,634
18,634
NA
PM25-FIL
16,374
16,374
NA
S02
183,733
196,410
6.9
NH3
14,198
13,263
-6.6
2.3.1	Ammonia Calculations for Nonroad Engines
The emission factors used to calculate ammonia inventories from nonroad equipment in NMIM
were updated from 153 to 116 mg/gallon for gasoline and from 166 to 83 mg/gal for diesel
engines based on an EPA internal memo dated April 8, 2004, which summarizes our current
knowledge of NH3 emission factors. The updated factors are consistent with those used in
MOBILE6.2 for onroad sources (EPA, 2004f).
2.3.2	Temperature and Humidity Data
New temperature and relative humidity values have been calculated for use in determining the
EPA default emission inventories for the 2002 NEI Version 2. The original humidity values
were improperly calculated, so that, in some cases, relative humidity values could exceed 100%.
Some of the averaged temperature values have also changed. The new temperature values
include some new temperature and humidity measurements as a result of updates in the source
data from the National Weather Service (NWS) and its Cooperative Observation branches (over
6000 sites) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as of June 2005. The method for
calculating average temperature and humidity values was not changed.
There are temperature and relative humidity changes in every state. Since temperature and
humidity values are calculated using interpolation, changes in individual weather stations may
affect many neighboring areas, even across state lines. However, only 2.3% of all temperature
values had changes of more than one degree Fahrenheit. The average relative humidity change in
any state is less than 2%.
2.3.3	Fuel Properties
Changes were made to some of the fuel IDs in some of the counties in the following states:
•	Colorado (FIPSStateID=8)
•	Delaware (10)
•	Maryland (24)
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•	Michigan (26)
•	Virginia (51)
•	Washington (53)
These changes had been submitted for the draft version of the 2002 NEI, but had not been
reviewed in time to be used for the draft inventory estimates. These changes have now been
included in the Version 2 2002 NEI emission inventory estimates from NMIM. Below is a brief
description of the types of changes in the fuel specifications provided by states for the 2002 NEI.
Colorado (8)
The highway and nonroad gasolines in Boulder County were all switched to the same gasolines
used in Adams, Arapahoe, Denver, Douglas and Jefferson Counties (FIPS 1, 5, 31, 35 and 59).
The new county, Broomfield, is assumed to have all the same fuel properties as Boulder County
and was also changed.
Delaware (10)
The gasolines used in October were set to be the same as the gasolines used in November in all
three counties.
Maryland (24)
The highway diesel sulfur values were changed in all counties with values provided by Maryland.
All new values are between 300 and 500 ppm. These values were obtained by Maryland from
monthly retail fuel data from the State comptroller office fuel laboratory.
Michigan (26)
Livingston and Washtenaw County highway and nonroad gasolines were switched to the same
gasolines used in Lapeer, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair and Wayne County (FIPS 87, 99,
115, 125, 147 and 163). These changes were provided by the South Eastern Michigan Council of
Governments (SEMCOG).
Virginia (51)
In the default, Charles City was using the same gasoline as Chesterfield, Hanover, Henrico,
Colonial Heights City, Hopewell City and Richmond Counties (41, 85, 87, 570, 670 and 760).
Charles City now uses the gasoline used in the rest of the state instead.
Washington (53)
All diesel fuel assignments for all counties were updated to be consistent with Western Regional
Air Partnership Section 309 modeling inventories and EPA's draft regulatory impact analysis
document for nonroad diesel engines.
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All nonroad diesel sulfur values were increased from 2457 to 3400 ppm, except for Kitsap
(53035) and Pierce (53053) Counties. These counties were left at 2457 ppm. This was done at
the direction of the Puget Sound Clean Air Agency (agency having jurisdiction in those
counties). It is noted that this creates an inconsistency in the NMIM database for western
Washington counties in the central Puget Sound area.
All highway diesel in eastern WA was set to 310 ppm for all months of the year. In western WA,
the summer months (May through September) use 260 ppm and the remaining months use 320
ppm.
The default gasoline assignments for Adams County (eastern WA), and Island, King and
Snohomish Counties (western WA) were reasonable, and were not changed. The gasoline
assignments for the remaining counties required updating. Counties were grouped into one of
three groups:
•	Eastern WA,
•	Spokane County, or
•	Western WA.
Each is briefly discussed below.
Eastern WA: All counties in eastern WA (except Spokane) were changed to have the same
assignment. In eastern WA the gasoline primarily comes from sources further east, so all eastern
WA counties were assigned to TRW District 9 (Northern Mountain) rather than the default of
District 13 (Pacific Northwest). The Adams County gasoline (District 9) assignments were used
for all remaining eastern WA counties.
Spokane County: Spokane County (53063) operates an oxygenated fuel program September
through February. To capture this program, the default winter gasoline assignment for Missoula
County (30063), Montana, was used for September through February for Spokane County.
Missoula is in District 9, like Spokane, and the record indicated the presence of oxygenated fuels
at approximately the same level as Spokane. For the remaining months, the regular eastern WA
(Region 9) assignment above was used for Spokane County.
Western WA: The assignments made to Island, King and Snohomish Counties were identical
and were assigned throughout western WA. The AAMA was the source of the data. In
particular, the summer RVP of the AAMA data seemed a closer match than the default District
13 data. There are problems with accounting for some special summertime situations. In Clark
County, gasoline is primarily obtained from the Portland, OR suppliers and therefore has a lower
RVP (7.8 required in Portland, 9.0 in WA). In King, Pierce and Snohomish Counties, there is a
voluntary agreement to supply 7.8 RVP gasoline during July and August. These are not captured
in the fuel records. The state has been using these special RVP values in emissions calculations,
but without changing the other fuel parameters. At this time it seems that some error cannot be
avoided: the special RVPs will not be captured in NMIM, which will result in some error. The
state data will have some internal fuel inconsistencies since it is using the special RVPs without
changing the other parameters. WA looks forward to getting better resolution on this issue in the
future.
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After the highway gasoline reassignments, all nonroad gasoline assignments were set to be
identical to the highway gasoline assignments for all counties in WA in all months.
2.3.4 I/M Program Changes
All of the I/M program description files used to generate the EPA estimates for the 2002 NEI
Version 2, both those submitted by states and those previously created for EPA were given a
final review by EPA. Many changes were made in these external data files, some new I/M
program files were made, and all files were made consistent with the NMIM file naming
conventions.
The original set of I/M description files, shown in Table 2-5, were intended to represent the I/M
programs only in the 1999 calendar year for the 1999 National Emission Inventory (NEI). For
the 2002 NEI, these I/M description files were adapted so that they would apply to calendar year
2002 as well. This was done using a summary of the features of current I/M programs updated
annually by EPA (see Table 2-6).
States were encouraged to supply EPA with MOBILE6 input file information used by the
counties, including I/M description files, representative of the 2002 calendar year for use in the
development of the 2002 NEI. Many states provided new I/M description files to EPA for this
purpose.
EPA has reviewed all of the I/M programs descriptions that were to be used for the 2002 NEI
Version 2, both those generated by EPA contractors and those provided by states, to assure that
the I/M program descriptions both accurately account for changes in the programs between 1999
and 2002 and can be used for projections beyond the 2002 calendar year. This review has
revealed a number of errors and ambiguities. Some changes were also needed in order to allow
the I/M program descriptions to be used for all calendar years. These problems and our proposed
solutions are described below.
Most of the errors involved switching from an existing inspection of 1996 and newer vehicles
from a previous test procedure to an OBD inspection and in some cases, would not have affected
the results for calendar year 2002. Most of the additional I/M description files created were
necessary for calendar years before or after calendar year 2002 and would not affect the results
for the 2002 NEI. The list of I/M Program file names used for the 2002 NEI Version 2 are
presented in Table 2-7.
Alaska (02)
No additional data was provided by AK. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using
the NMIM naming convention.
Arizona (04)
EPA expanded the 2002 I/M program file provided by AZ for Tucson (0401902.imp) to all
calendar years.
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The 2002 I/M description file provided by AZ for Phoenix (0401302.imp) was changed to use a 5
year grace period (instead of a fixed model maximum of 1997 for the 2002 calendar year) for all
program elements. This file was renamed (0401301.imp) to match the file naming convention to
use the earliest calendar year the file applies. Another I/M program file was created to apply to
the 1999 through 2000 calendar years (0401395.imp) for Phoenix using the same 5 year grace
period.
Colorado (08)
No additional data was provided by CO. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using
the NMIM naming convention.
Connecticut (09)
No additional data was provided by CT. The EPA generated I/M program file was changed to
properly apply evaporative OBD to heavy duty vehicles. A single file (0900199.imp) was
constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
Delaware (10)
The I/M program files provided by DE (1000102.imp, 1000302.imp and 1000502.imp) were
changed. Files 1000102 and 1000302 were changed to assume that 1996 and newer model years
were inspected for gas caps between 1995 and 2001 and inspected using Evap OBD beginning in
2002. These files were renamed (1000191.imp and 1000383.imp) to match the file naming
convention to use the earliest calendar year the file applies. The Sussex County file
(1000502.imp) was changed to apply the Idle test to all model year vehicles and renamed
(1000591.imp).
District of Columbia (11)
The I/M program file provided by DC (1100102.imp) was applied to calendar years 1999 through
2002. A new file (1100103.imp) with OBD inspections was created to apply to 2003 and later
calendar years.
Florida (12)
No additional data was provided by FL. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using the
NMIM naming convention.
Georgia (13)
New I/M description files were provided by Georgia for all calendar years (1305700.imp,
1305702.imp, 1305799.imp, 1306700.imp, 1306702.imp and 1306799.imp).
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Idaho (16)
No additional data was provided by ID. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using the
NMIM naming convention.
Illinois (17)
The I/M program file provided by IL (1700002.imp) was changed so that the I/M start date for
the 1968 and newer model year vehicles is 1986 (instead of 1999) to allow these vehicles to
achieve their full tampering deterrence effect. This file was applied the I/M program file to all
2002 and later calendar years. A new file (1700099.imp) was constructed from the EPA
generated and the state supplied files which applies to the 1999 through 2001 calendar years.
The I/M program files were also applied to Monroe County (17133), which was not included in
the list of I/M counties for the 1999 NEI.
Indiana (18)
No additional data was provided by IN. The EPA generated I/M program files (IN01 .im and
IN97.im) were changed to properly apply OBD. Two new files (1808997.imp and 1806101.imp)
were constructed which apply to calendar years 1999 and 2000 and the 2001 and later calendar
years respectively.
Kentucky (21)
The I/M program file supplied by KY (2111102.imp) were applied to all 2002 and later calendar
years. A new file (2111198.imp) was made to apply to 1999 through 2001 calendar years.
Louisiana (22)
No additional data was provided by LA. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using
the NMIM naming convention.
Maine (23)
No additional data was provided by ME. The EPA generated I/M program file was changed to
properly apply OBD and the new file (2300599.imp) was applied to all the 1999 and later
calendar years.
Maryland (24)
The I/M program file supplied by MD (2400002.imp) was applied to the 1999 through 2002
calendar years. A new file (2400003.imp) was created to apply to 2003 and later calendar years,
which includes OBD inspections. These files were applied only to counties 3, 5, 13, 25, 27, 31,
33, 43 and 510.
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Two new files (2300998.imp and 2300902.imp), with a different program start date, were created
to apply to the five counties (9, 15, 17, 21 and 35) added to the MD program in 1995.
Massachusetts (25)
The I/M program file provided by MA (2500002.imp) was changed so that the I/M start date for
the 1984 and newer model year vehicles is 1984 (instead of 2000) to allow these vehicles to
achieve their full tampering deterrence effect and applied the I/M program file to calendar years
2000 through 2002. The file was renamed (2500000.imp) to match the file naming convention to
use the earliest calendar year the file applies. Separate files were created for the 1999 calendar
year (2500099.imp) and for the 2003 and later calendar years (2500003.imp).
Minnesota (27)
No additional data was provided by MN. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using
the NMIM naming convention.
Missouri (29)
No additional data was provided by MO. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using
the NMIM naming convention.
Nevada (32)
No additional data was provided by NV. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using
the NMIM naming convention.
New Hampshire (33)
No additional data was provided by NH. The EPA generated descriptions were renamed using
the NMIM naming convention.
New Jersey (34)
The I/M program file provided by NJ (3400102.imp) was changed so that the I/M start date for
testing vehicles is 1974 (instead of 2000) to allow these vehicles to achieve their full tampering
deterrence effect and applied the I/M program file to the 2000 through 2004 calendar years. The
file was renamed (3400100.imp) to match the file naming convention to use the earliest calendar
year the file applies.
A new file (3400199.imp) was created that applies to the 1999 calendar year, before the ASM
test was introduced. A new file (3400105.imp) was created to apply to 2005 and later calendar
years, which includes OBD inspections.
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New Mexico (35)
The I/M program file supplied by NM (3500102.imp) was applied to calendar years 1999 through
2002. This file was renamed (3500189.imp) to match the file naming convention to use the
earliest calendar year the file applies. A new file (3500103.imp) was constructed to apply OBD
and applied to all the 2003 and later calendar years.
New York (36)
The I/M program file provided by NY (3600502.imp) was changed so that the I/M start date for
testing vehicles is 1981 (instead of 1999) to allow these vehicles to achieve their full tampering
deterrence effect and applied the I/M program file to the 1999 through 2002 calendar years. The
file was renamed (3600599.imp) to match the file naming convention to use the earliest calendar
year the file applies.
A new file (3600503.imp) was created to apply to 2003 and later calendar years, which includes
OBD inspections. A new I/M program file (3600101.imp) was created to apply to the 2001 and
2002 calendar years for upstate NY counties. Another I/M file (3600103.imp) was created to
apply to the 2003 and later calendar years in upstate NY.
North Carolina (37)
No additional data was provided by NC.
The existing I/M program file (NCOl.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and a new file
(3702501.imp) was constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
The existing I/M program file (NC83.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and a new file
(3711983.imp) was constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
The existing I/M program file (NC87.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and a new file
(3718387.imp) was constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
The existing I/M program file (NC92.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and a new file
(3705792.imp) was constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
Ohio (39)
No additional data was provided by OH.
The existing I/M program file (OH96c.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and two new
files (3905596.imp and 3905503.imp) were constructed which apply to calendar years 1999
through 2002 and the 2003 and later calendar years respectively.
The existing I/M program file (OH96cl.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and two new
files (3910398.imp and 3910303.imp) were constructed which apply to calendar years 1999
through 2002 and the 2003 and later calendar years respectively.
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Oregon (41)
Two additional counties (41009 and 41071) were added to the Portland I/M program (41005,
41051 and 41067) in calendar year 2001. Jackson county (41029) has a separate I/M program.
The I/M program file provided by OR for Jackson County (4102902.imp) was changed to extend
the programs to 2050 and applied the file to the 2001 and later calendar years. The file was
renamed (4102901.imp) to match the file naming convention to use the earliest calendar year the
file applies. A new file (4102997.imp) without OBD inspections was created for Jackson County
to apply to the 1999 and 2000 calendar years. This file assumes a gas cap inspection for all 1975
and newer light duty cars and trucks beginning in calendar year 1997.
The I/M program file provided by OR for Clackamas County (4100502.imp) was changed to
extend the programs to 2050 and applied the file to the 2001 and later calendar years. The file
was renamed (4100501.imp) to match the file naming convention to use the earliest calendar year
the file applies. A new file (4100597.imp) without OBD inspections was created to apply to the
1999 and 2000 calendar years. This file assumes a gas cap inspection for all 1975 and newer
light duty cars and trucks beginning in calendar year 1997.
Pennsylvania (42)
No additional data was provided by PA.
The existing I/M program file (PA98ph.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and a new file
(4201797.imp) was constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
The existing I/M program file (PAOlole.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and a new file
(4201101.imp) was constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
The existing I/M program file (PA97.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and a new file
(4207785.imp) was constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
The existing I/M program file (PA98pt.im) was changed to properly apply OBD and a new file
(4200397.imp) was constructed which applies to all the 1999 and later calendar years.
Rhode Island (44)
The 2002 I/M program file provided by RI (4400002.imp) was applied to all calendar years.
Tennessee (47)
The I/M program files provided by TN (4703702.imp, 4714902.imp and 4715702.imp) were
changed to extend the programs to 2050. The files were renamed (4703702.imp, 4714995.imp
and 4715702.imp) to match the file naming convention to use the earliest calendar year the file
applies. These files were applied to all calendar years.
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Texas (48)
The 2002 I/M program file provided by TX for counties 39, 71, 157, 167, 291, 339 and 473 for
evaporative testing (4803902.imp) was applied to those counties beginning in calendar year
2000.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by TX for El Paso County (4814102.imp) was applied to all
calendar years 1999 and later.
The I/M program file provided by TX for Harris County (4820102.imp) was changed to use the
I/M GRACE PERIOD command (instead of explicit model year coverage) so that the file could
be used for multiple calendar years. This file was applied to calendar years 2002 and later.
A new file (4820197.imp) without OBD inspections was created to apply to the 1999, 2000 and
2001 calendar years for Harris County.
The I/M program file provided by TX for Collin County (85) and Denton (121) Counties
(4808502.imp) was changed to use a 2 year grace period (instead of a fixed model maximum of
2000 for the 2002 calendar year) for all programs. The corrected file was applied to all calendar
years 2002 and later. A new evaporative testing file (4808500.imp) was constructed to apply to
calendar years 2000 and 2001 using the same 2 year grace period.
The I/M program file provided by TX for Dallas County (113) and Tarrant (439) Counties
(4811302.imp) were changed to use a 2 year grace period (instead of a fixed model maximum of
2000 for the 2002 calendar year) for all programs. The corrected file was applied to all calendar
years 2002 and later. A new file (4811390.imp) was constructed to apply to calendar years 1999,
2000 and 2001 using the same 2 year grace period.
Utah (49)
The I/M program file provided by UT for Davis County (4901102.imp) was changed. The I/M
effectiveness can only be applied once to all I/M program elements, so the initial I/M
effectiveness values intended for the first I/M program were removed. The program ending dates
were all changed to 2050 to allow the file to be used for all calendar years. The file was renamed
(4901197.imp) to match the file naming convention to use the earliest calendar year the file
applies. This file was applied to all calendar years 1999 and later.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by UT for Salt Lake County (4903502.imp) was applied to
calendar years 1999 through 2002. A new file (4903503.imp) with OBD was created to apply to
the 2003 and later calendar years for Salt Lake County.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by UT for Utah County (4904902.imp) was applied to
calendar years 2002 and later. A new file (4904986.imp) without OBD inspections was created
to apply to the 1999, 2000 and 2001 calendar years for Utah County. This file assumes a gas cap
inspection for all vehicle types and model years.
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The I/M program file provided by UT for Weber County (4905702.imp) was changed to make
the I/M program end date 2050 so that the file could be applied to all 2002 and later calendar
years. I/M effectiveness can only be applied to all I/M programs, so the initial I/M effectiveness
values intended for the first I/M program were removed. A new file (4905792.imp) without
OBD inspections was created to apply to the 1999, 2000 and 2001 calendar years for Weber
County.
Vermont (50)
The 2002 I/M program file provided by VT (5000002.imp) was applied to calendar years 2001
and later. A new file (5000097.imp) without OBD inspections was created to apply to the 1999
and 2000 calendar years for Vermont.
Virginia (51)
The 2002 I/M program file provided by VA (5101302.imp) was applied to all calendar years
1999 and later for counties 13, 59, 153, 510, 600, 610, 683 and 685.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by VA (5110702.imp) was applied to all calendar years
1999 and later for counties 107 and 179 (Loudoun and Stafford).
Washington (53)
The 2002 I/M program file provided by WA for Clark County (11) (5301102.imp) was applied to
all calendar years 2002 and later. A new file (5301198.imp) without OBD inspections was
created to apply to the 1999, 2000 and 2001 calendar.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by WA for Pierce County (53) (5305302.imp) was applied
to all calendar years 2002 and later. A new file (5305393.imp) without OBD inspections was
created to apply to the 1999, 2000 and 2001 calendar.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by WA for King County (33) (5303302.imp) was applied to
all calendar years 2002 and later. A new file (5303382.imp) without OBD inspections was
created to apply to the 1999, 2000 and 2001 calendar.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by WA for Snohomish County (61) (5306102.imp) was
applied to all calendar years 2002 and later. A new file (5306193.imp) without OBD inspections
was created to apply to the 1999, 2000 and 2001 calendar.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by WA for Spokane County (63) (5306302.imp) was
applied to all calendar years 2002 and later. A new file (5306385.imp) without OBD inspections
was created to apply to the 1999, 2000 and 2001 calendar.
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Wisconsin (55)
The 2002 I/M program file provided by WI for Sheboygan County (117) (5511702.imp) was
applied to all calendar years 2001 and later. A new file (5511794.imp) without OBD inspections
was created to apply to the 1999 and 2000 calendar.
The 2002 I/M program file provided by WI (5505902.imp) for the other counties (59, 79, 89,
101, 131 and 133) was applied to all calendar years 2001 and later. A new file (5505984.imp)
without OBD inspections was created to apply to the 1999 and 2000 calendar.
2.3.5 S/L/T Changes
As mentioned above, EPA provided S/L/T agencies with the opportunity to review, comment
upon, and revise the draft 2002 NEI. EPA's preferred method for updates for the NEI was the
submission of NMIM inputs by S/L/T agencies. However, in some cases, EPA also accepted
emission inventory revisions or updates for the NEI Version 2. For the onroad sector, new or
revised emission data from Connecticut and Missouri; Clark County, Nevada; and the Penobscot
Tribe in Maine were accepted and incorporated in the NEI Version 2. A number of S/L/T
agencies also provided onroad NMIM updates, including VMT revisions, that were included in
the NMIM runs for the NEI. All NMIM inputs provided by S/L/T agencies are listed in
Chapter 3 of this document.
Table 2-7. List of Original I/M Program Description Files
Adapted from the 1999 NEI Inputs
AK85A.IM
MA95.IM
PA01 OLE.IM
AK85F.IM
MD85.IM
PA97.IM
AZ95P.IM
MD95.IM
PA98PH.IM
AZ95T.IM
ME99.IM
PA98PT.IM
CA95B.IM
MN92.IM
RI97.IM
CA99E.IM
M097.IM
TN84.IM
C095C.IM
NC01.IM
TN85.IM
C095D.IM
NC83.IM
TN95.IM
CT98.IM
NC87.IM
TX98.IM
DC99.IM
NC92.IM
UT97D.IM
DE83.IM
NH02.IM
UT97S.IM
DE90.IM
NJ97.IM
UT97W.IM
FL92.IM
NM97.IM
VA98.IM
GA01.IM
NV95.IM
VT97.IM
GA99.IM
NY01.IM
WA83.IM
ID85.IM
NY99.IM
WA86.IM
IL99.IM
OH96C.IM
WA94.IM
IN01.IM
OH98CL.IM
WI85.IM
IN97.IM
OR01P.IM
WI95.IM
KY98.IM
OR98.IM

LA00.IM
OR98P.IM

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Table 2-8. List of State Supplied l/M Program
Description Files
0401302.
mp
4100502.
mp
4904902.
mp
0401902.
mp
4102902.
mp
4905702.
mp
1000102.
mp
4400002.
mp
5000002.
mp
1000302.
mp
4703702.
mp
5101302.
mp
1000502.
mp
4714902.
mp
5110702.
mp
1100102.
mp
4715702.
mp
5301102.
mp
1700002.
mp
4808502.
mp
5303302.
mp
2111102.
mp
4811302.
mp
5305302.
mp
2400002.
mp
4803902.
mp
5306102.
mp
2500002.
mp
4814102.
mp
5306302.
mp
3400102.
mp
4820102.
mp
5505902.IMP
3500102.
mp
4901102.
mp
5511702.IMP
3600502.
mp
4903502.
mp

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Table 2-9. List of l/M Program File Names Used for Version 2 of the
2002 National Emission Inventory



First
Last

State
Filename

Year
Year
Counties
ALASKA
0202099.
mp
1999
2050
20
ALASKA
0209099.
mp
1999
2050
90
ARIZONA
0401395.
mp
1999
2001
13
ARIZONA
0401301.
mp
2002
2050
13
ARIZONA
0401902.
mp
1999
2050
19
CALIFORNIA
0600199.
mp
1999
2050
1,13,41,55,75,81,95
CALIFORNIA
0607999.
mp
1999
2050
7,11,17,19,21,29,31,37,39,47,53,57,59,61,65,6
7,69,71,73,77,79,83,85,87,89,97,99,101,103,1
07,111,113,115
COLORADO
0800199.imp
1999
2050
1,5,13,14,31,35,59
COLORADO
0804199.imp
1999
2050
41,69,97,123
CONNECTICUT
0900199.imp
1999
2050
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
DELAWARE
1000191.
mp
1999
2050
1
DELAWARE
1 000383.imp
1999
2050
3
DELAWARE
1000591.
mp
1999
2050
5
DISTRICT OF
1100102.imp
1999
2002
1
COLUMBIA





DISTRICT OF
1100103.imp
2003
2050
1
COLUMBIA





FLORIDA
1200099.
mp
1999
2050
11,31,57,86,99,103
GEORGIA
1305799.
mp
1999
1999
57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247
GEORGIA
1305700.
mp
2000
2001
57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247
GEORGIA
1305702.
mp
2002
2050
57,63,77,97,113,117,151,223,247
GEORGIA
1306799.
mp
1999
1999
67,89,121,135
GEORGIA
1306700.
mp
2000
2001
67,89,121,135
GEORGIA
1306702.
mp
2002
2050
67,89,121,135
IDAHO
1600099.
mp
1999
2050
1
ILLINOIS
1700099.
mp
1999
2001
31,43,63,89,93,97,111,119,133,163,197
ILLINOIS
1700002.
mp
2002
2050
31,43,63,89,93,97,111,119,133,163,197
INDIANA
1806101.
mp
2001
2050
61
INDIANA
1808997.
mp
1999
2050
19,43,89,127
KENTUCKY
2111198.
mp
1999
2001
15,37,111,117
KENTUCKY
2111102.
mp
2002
2050
15,37,111,117
LOUISIANA
2200000.
mp
2000
2050
33,121
MAINE
2300599.
mp
1999
2050
5
MARYLAND
2400995.
mp
1999
2002
9,15,17,21,35
MARYLAND
2400903.
mp
2003
2050
9,15,17,21,35
MARYLAND
2400002.
mp
1999
2002
3,5,13,25,27,31,33,43,510
MARYLAND
2400003.
mp
2003
2050
3,5,13,25,27,31,33,43,510
MASSACHUSETTS
2500099.
mp
1999
1999
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
MASSACHUSETTS
2500000.
mp
2000
2002
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
MASSACHUSETTS
2500003.
mp
2003
2050
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
MINNESOTA
2700099.
mp
1999
2050
3,19,37,53,123,139,163,171
MISSOURI
2900099.
mp
1999
2050
71,99,183,189,510
NEVADA
3200099.
mp
1999
2050
3,31
NEW HAMPSHIRE
3300002.
mp
2002
2050
11,15,17
NEW JERSEY
3400199.
mp
1999
1999
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,
35,37,39,41
NEW JERSEY
3400100.imp
2000
2004
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,





35,37,39,41
NEW JERSEY
3400105.imp
2005
2050
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,





35,37,39,41
31
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Table 2-9 (continued)
State
Filename
First
Year
Last
Year
Counties
NEW MEXICO
3500189.imp
1999
2002
1
NEW MEXICO
3500103.imp
2003
2050
1
NEW YORK
3600101 .imp
1999
2002
1,3,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,3
5,37,39,41,43,45,49,51,53,55,57,63,65,67,69,7
1,73,75,77,79,83,89,91,93,95,97,99,101,105,1
07,109,111,113,115,117,121,123
NEW YORK
3600103.imp
2003
2050
1,3,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,3
5,37,39,41,43,45,49,51,53,55,57,63,65,67,69,7
1,73,75,77,79,83,89,91,93,95,97,99,101,105,1
07,109,111,113,115,117,121,123
NEW YORK
3600599.imp
1999
2002
5,47,59,61,81,85,87,103,119
NEW YORK
3600503.imp
2003
2050
5,47,59,61,81,85,87,103,119
NORTH CAROLINA
3702501 .imp
2001
2050
25,135,179
NORTH CAROLINA
3705792.imp
1999
2050
57,59,63,67,71,77,81
NORTH CAROLINA
3711983.imp
1999
2050
119
NORTH CAROLINA
3718387.imp
1999
2050
183
OHIO
3905596.
mp
1999
2002
17,23,35,55,57,61,85,93,113,133,153,165
OHIO
3905503.
mp
2003
2050
17,23,35,55,57,61,85,93,113,133,153,165
OHIO
3910398.
mp
1999
2002
25,103
OHIO
3910303.
mp
2003
2050
25,103
OREGON
4100597.
mp
1999
2000
5,51,67
OREGON
4100501.
mp
2001
2050
5,51,67
OREGON
4100901.
mp
2001
2050
9,71
OREGON
4102997.
mp
1999
2000
29
OREGON
4102901.
mp
2001
2050
29
PENNSYLVANIA
4201797.
mp
1999
2050
17,29,45,91,101
PENNSYLVANIA
4201101.
mp
2001
2050
11,13,21,27,41,43,49,69,71,75,79,81,85,133
PENNSYLVANIA
4200397.
mp
1999
2050
3,7,73,125,129
PENNSYLVANIA
4207785.
mp
1999
2050
77,95
RHODE ISLAND
4400002.
mp
1999
2050
1,3,5,7,9
TENNESSEE
4703785.
mp
1999
2050
37
TENNESSEE
4714995.
mp
1999
2050
149,165,187,189
TENNESSEE
4715784.
mp
1999
2050
157
TEXAS
4808500.
mp
2000
2001
85,121
TEXAS
4808502.
mp
2002
2050
85,121
TEXAS
4811390.
mp
1999
2001
113,439
TEXAS
4811302.
mp
2002
2050
113,439
TEXAS
4814102.
mp
1999
2050
141
TEXAS
4820197.
mp
1999
2001
201
TEXAS
4820102.
mp
2002
2050
201
TEXAS
4803902.
mp
2000
2050
39,71,157,167,291,339,473
UTAH
4901197.
mp
1999
2050
11
UTAH
4903502.
mp
1999
2002
35
UTAH
4903503.
mp
2003
2050
35
UTAH
4904986.
mp
1999
2001
49
UTAH
4904902.
mp
2002
2050
49
UTAH
4905792.
mp
1999
2001
57
UTAH
4905702.
mp
2002
2050
57
VERMONT
5000097.
mp
1999
2001
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
VERMONT
5000002.
mp
2002
2050
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27
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Table 2-9 (continued)



First
Last

State
Filename

Year
Year
Counties
VIRGINIA
5101302.
mp
1999
2050
13,59,153,510,600,610,683,685
VIRGINIA
5110702.
mp
1999
2050
107,179
WASHINGTON
5301198.
mp
1999
2001
11
WASHINGTON
5301102.
mp
2002
2050
11
WASHINGTON
5303382.
mp
1999
2001
33
WASHINGTON
5303302.
mp
2002
2050
33
WASHINGTON
5305393.
mp
1999
2001
53
WASHINGTON
5305302.
mp
2002
2050
53
WASHINGTON
5306193.
mp
1999
2001
61
WASHINGTON
5306102.
mp
2002
2050
61
WASHINGTON
5306385.
mp
1999
2001
63
WASHINGTON
5306302.
mp
2002
2050
63
WISCONSIN
5505984.
mp
1999
2000
59,79,89,101,131,133
WISCONSIN
5505902.
mp
2001
2050
59,79,89,101,131,133
WISCONSIN
5511794.
mp
1999
2000
117
WISCONSIN
5511702.
mp
2001
2050
117
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2.4 HOW HAVE 2002 VERSION 3 EMISSION ESTIMATES CHANGED
FROM THE 2002 VERSION 2 NEI?
Some updates were made by EPA to the NMIM, MOBILE and NONROAD models between
Version 2 of the 2002 NEI and Version 3. In addition, because inputs and algorithms for these
core models were revised or in some cases corrected, EPA used these updated onroad and
nonroad emission estimates in place of State-supplied emissions data that had been included in
the 2002 NEI Version 2. NMIM-generated emissions were used in the onroad and NONROAD
model sector of the 2002 NEI Version 3 with the exception of California. California emissions
were state-submitted and were based on their submittal for the 2002 NEI Version 2. This
exception was made because California has their own onroad mobile source estimation model
(EMFAC2002), and nonroad model (OFFROAD). Note that any State-submitted NCD inputs
(e.g., I/M inputs described in Section 2.3, and data discussed in Chapter 3) accepted by EPA for
earlier versions of the 2002 NEI are reflected in the 2002 NEI Version 3. Version 3 is considered
by EPA to be the final version of the 2002 NEI.
Tables 2-10 and 2-11 summarize the differences in national mobile source CAP emissions
between the final Version 3 and Version 2 of the 2002 NEI. Differences result from updates to
NMIM and the core emission models as described below. VOC emissions for onroad show the
largest increase, due primarily to updates to cold start and RVP modeling, discussed in more
detail below. For nonroad, VOC also significantly increases, due largely to updates to small
gasoline engines and recreational marine inputs. The decrease in NH3 emissions is due to the
removal of State-supplied NH3 emissions data for select States. Further details on the changes
made to the MOBILE and NONROAD model, as well as to NMIM, are described in the
following sections.
Table 2-10. Comparison of 2002 Onroad Mobile Final
(Version 3) and Version 2 NEI

Version 2 NEI
Final Version 3
NEI
Percent
Difference
VOC
4,660,584
4,917,692
5.5
MOX
8,133,574
7,870,197
-3.2
CO
62,957,988
60,597,280
-3.7
DM10-PRI
203,258
202,907
-0.2
DM25-PRI
148,433
147,620
-0.5
S02
257,520
245,274
-4.8
MH3
289,567
294,016
1.5
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Table 2-11. Comparison of 2002 NONROAD Model
Final (Version 3) and Version 2 NEI

Version 2 NEI
Final Version 3
NEI
Percent
Difference
VOC
2,492,244
2,838,912
13.9
NOX
2,202,898
2,197,879
-0.2
CO
21,520,638
21,788,376
1.2
PM10
230,423
230,577
0.1
PM25
213,161
219,219
2.8
S02
196,410
189,347
-3.6
NH3
13,263
1,884
-85.8
2.4.1	MOBILE Model Changes
Onroad mobile emissions were based on the NMIM model, using a slightly modified version of
MOBILE6.2.03 to better estimate the effects of cold temperatures on engine start emissions for
hydrocarbons from light-duty gasoline fueled vehicles and to correct two oxygenate-related
calculations in MOBILE6. This modified version of MOBILE6 was also used for the final
Mobile Source Air Toxics (MSAT) rule (EPA 2007a).
Specifically, the MOBILE6 model was revised for the 2002 NEI Version 3 as follows:
•	An adjustment was made for HC to account for vehicle "cold starts" which will
greatly increase HC emissions (especially in colder areas) and other pollutants
such as HAPs that are a function of HC emissions. Newer vehicles meeting Tier 2
have higher emissions than previously estimated when below 50° F when the
engine is first started. A detailed discussion of this can be found in the document,
"Cold Temperature Effects on Vehicle HC Emissions," (EPA 2006).
•	Two corrections were made to the handling of oxygenates which affects VOC and
HAP estimates. The first involved a correction to the calculation of the market-
weighted oxygen level. The second correction was related to benzene evaporative
emissions. For this calculation, all oxygenates were affecting benzene evaporative
emissions, whereas the only oxygenate that should have an effect is MTBE.
2.4.2	NONROAD Model Changes
OTAQ generated monthly nonroad emissions using the NMIM model, including a version of
NONROAD2005 called NR05c-BondBase. This version of NONROAD2005 improves inputs
and emissions estimates for small spark-ignition (SI) and SI recreational marine equipment, and
adds the ability to model the effects of ethanol blends on fuel hose and tank permeation. It is the
same version of NONROAD that was used to generate base case inventories for the proposed
rule, "Control of Emissions from Marine SI and Small SI Engines, Vessels, and Equipment"
(EPA, 2007b). These emission estimates were used for all States with the exception of
California, in which data submitted by California for the NEI Version 2 were used.
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The version of NONROAD used for the 2002 NEI Version 3 has the following improvements
over the version used for the 2002 NEI Version 2. Unless otherwise noted, some of these
changes have no appreciable effect on emissions for 2002:
General
•	New evaporative emission categories were added for tank permeation, hose
permeation, hot soak, and running loss emissions, and the methodology for
calculating diurnal emissions was revised. Effects of ethanol blends on
permeation were added. This change will substantially increase HC emissions.
•	Enhanced the equipment scrappage algorithm.
•	Effects of evaporative emission standards for recreational vehicles and large spark
ignition equipment were incorporated.
•	Geographic allocations were updated.
Small SI Inputs
•	Updated emission factors and deterioration rates for Phase 2 engines based on
new test data.
•	Corrected technology mix for snowblowers to account for 4-stroke engines
(previously assumed all 2-stroke).
Recreational Marine Inputs
•	Recreational marine horsepower distributions were updated. This change will
result in increased emissions for all exhaust pollutants.
•	2-stroke recreational marine PM emission factors were updated, resulting in lower
PM emissions.
•	Updated many inputs for high performance recreational marine sterndrive/inboard
engines >600 hp (population, average hp, median life, activity, emission factors).
This change will increase emissions for this category of engines.
2.4.3 Additions and Revisions to NMIM
Updates to NMIM and the NCD, including fuel inputs and emission factors, were completed as
described below.
External MOBILE6 data input files were developed to account for the introduction of new
California highway vehicle emission standards, beginning with the 2004 model year. These
standards have been formally adopted by 11 states (California, Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont and
Washington). These standards supersede the federal certification standards for highway vehicles
sold in those states. The changes to the external data files to reflect California standards will tend
to slightly decrease HC, CO, and NOx emissions in the affected areas.
Improvements were also made to county-level gasoline Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) estimates
based on an updated analysis of fuels. Previously, the fuel survey results from a few counties in
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a state were used for all counties in a state. However, often the surveyed counties would have
RVP control programs, so that the other counties in the state, without controls, would have
inappropriately low RVP. EPA changed the RVP for counties without fuel surveys and without
RVP control to use federally-regulated RVP levels instead. The changes in gasoline RVP will
tend to result in higher emissions in the non-urban areas affected by the changes, especially for
HC emissions in the summer months.
Mercury and arsenic emission factors have been added to the current version of NMIM. For
mercury, these emission factors were developed from recent vehicle emissions testing data
conducted in EPA. The mercury data include speciation of total mercury by phase (gas and
particle) and characterization of reactive gas-phase mercury. For arsenic, the emission factors
were developed from data reported for recent tunnel tests (Schauer et al., 2006).
Chromium emission factors have also been revised in NMIM. No speciation of chromium from
mobile sources currently exists. The current version of NMIM assumes that 18 percent of the
chromium from mobile sources is hexavalent, based on combustion data from stationary
combustion turbines that burn diesel fuel (Taylor, 2003). Previously, NMIM had assumed that
34 percent of chromium from mobile sources was hexavalent. This estimate was based on an
assumption in the 1996 national scale air toxics assessment that 34 percent of all atmospheric
chromium was hexavalent. This percent estimate was based on the high end of the range for
utility boilers.
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3.0	NMIM
3.1	NMIM METHODOLOGY
3.1.1 Introduction and Overview
EPA's NMIM is a consolidated emissions modeling system for EPA's MOBILE6 and
NONROAD models. It was developed to produce, in a consistent and automated way, national,
county-level mobile source emissions inventories for the NEI and for EPA rulemaking. When
national inventories have previously been constructed from MOBILE6 and NONROAD, the
necessary input data have been widely scattered in disparate formats and have required additional
specialized software to convert these data into input files for MOBILE6 and NONROAD, to run
the models, to integrate the results into a final inventory, and to post-process the results into
forms suitable for the national inventories. NMIM is designed to accomplish all of these tasks in
a single package.
NMIM comprises a Java framework, graphical and command line user interfaces, the MOBILE6
and NONROAD models, a national county database, and postprocessing and aggregation
capabilities. NMIM's primary improvements over MOBILE6 and NONROAD are: 1) the
inclusion of all the required county data for the nation in a single database; 2) graphical user
interface (GUI); 3) "shortcuts" for generating national inventories; 4) tools for aggregation and
post-processing; 5) estimation of 33 HAPs and 17 dioxin/furan congeners by ratio to various
MOBILE6 and NONROAD output parameters; and 6) distributed processing capability to
enhance performance. NMIM specifically extends MOBILE6's capabilities by producing
inventories rather than just emissions factors. NMIM provides consistency across both models
and all pollutants by using a single input database for MOBILE6 and NONROAD and for criteria
pollutants and HAPs.
An installation package and general information about NMIM may be downloaded from
ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/nmimtraining/. This download supports the NMIM training
scheduled for April 11, 2005, at the 14th International Emission Inventory Conference in Las
Vegas. The posted version of NMIM is identical to that used in the Draft 2002 NEI, except for
some bug fixes that do not affect the results. In addition, OTAQ is constructing a website that
will have an installation package and other information about NMIM. That site is not available
as of this writing, but is expected to be accessible as a link from OTAQ's emissions modeling
web page, http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models.htm, which also contains links to the MOBILE and
NONROAD models. Questions about NMIM can be emailed to mobile@epa.gov.
This chapter begins with an overall explanation of how NMIM works, followed by the details of
how it runs MOBILE6 and NONROAD. Next, it discusses the pollutant and source category
inventories available from running NMIM. Then it describe the NCD and plans for updating and
improving it through the NEI process. Lastly, there is an explanation of how NMIM estimates
various HAPs that are not direct outputs of MOBILE6 and NONROAD.
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3.1.2	How NMIM Works
The NMIM user specifies a set of years and months, a geographic region (the whole United
States, any combination of whole States, or any combination of particular counties, including
Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands), a set of pollutants, and categories of on-road vehicles and
nonroad equipment. This collection of user requests is called a "run specification" or RunSpec,
and can be saved in a file for later execution or for text editing. RunSpecs can be produced by
the NMIM GUI or by using a text editor. NMIM RunSpecs can be executed from the GUI or
from the command line.
Based on the RunSpec and information in the NCD, NMIM writes input files for the MOBILE6
and NONROAD models. NMIM then runs these models, reads their output files, performs
additional processing if necessary, and puts the inventories into an output database. Additional
processing includes multiplying MOBILE6 emission factors by VMT and estimating emissions
of some other pollutants (see below) as ratios to pollutant inventories generated by MOBILE6
and NONROAD.
NMIM has post-processing capability that can be applied after the inventory is generated. This
includes NEI Input Format Version 3.0 (NIF3), although bugs in the NIF3 converter required
separate conversion for this version of the NEI for the 2002 NEI Draft (completed February
2005).
NMIM employs two main techniques, adopted from previous NEIs, to make the production of
national inventories tractable. The first is to assume that monthly time resolution is adequate for
both meteorology and source activity and therefore to perform 12 monthly runs instead of 365
daily runs. NMIM is designed to do only monthly runs and produces annual inventories by
summing the 12 monthly inventories.
The second technique, which was not used for this version of the 2002 NEI Draft, is to group
similar counties, allowing NMIM to do a single MOBILE6 or NONROAD run for the entire
group. All counties were run individually for this version of the 2002 NEI Draft to make
maximum use of county-specific information.
As a way of further improving performance, NMIM may be run in a distributed-processing mode,
employing multiple computers. NMIM comprises two programs, Master and Worker. Both
Master and Worker(s) have a simple text configuration file which specifies the path to a shared
folder through which they communicate. The GUI, used to produce RunSpecs and AgSpecs as
discussed above, is on the Master. In standalone mode, one Master, one Worker, and the shared
folder are on the same computer. In distributed mode, there are multiple workers on separate
computers. For this version of the 2002 Draft NEI, NMIM was run in distributed mode, using
one master and 20 workers.
3.1.3	How NMIM Runs Mobile6
NMIM writes a MOBILE6 input file and executes MOBILE6 once for each month for each
representing county (if the user chose the Geographic Representation option "County Group") or
for each county (if the user chose the Geographic Representation option "County"). The
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resulting emission factors are multiplied by the VMT for each county. Each MOBILE6 input file
is constructed using data obtained from the NCD.
The MOBILE6 input files constructed by NMIM are designed to accommodate detailed user
input and to use a consistent set of commands. In order to use consistent fuels data for all
pollutants, the AIR TOXICS command is always used, even if no air toxics are requested by the
user. To enable the AIR TOXICS command, NMIM always inserts the command to model
acrolein in the MOBILE6 input file, whether the user requests it or not. However, if the user
does not request acrolein, it will not appear in the output table. Similarly, other commands, such
as ALTITUDE, POLLUTANTS and EVALUATION MONTH are always explicitly used, rather
than depending on MOBILE6 default settings and will always appear in NMIM MOBILE6 input
files. The NMIM MOBILE6 input files always use the HOURLY TEMPERATURES command,
rather than MIN/MAX TEMPERATURE command. The hourly RELATIVE HUMIDITY
command is always used, rather than the ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY command. The
BAROMETRIC PRES command is always used, since this value interacts with the relative
humidity values. Average speed distributions are always specified using the SPEED VMT
command, rather than the AVERAGE SPEED command.
For consistency, NMIM requires that gasoline fuel parameters have the level of detail to properly
model air toxic emissions, even though less detail is required to model criteria pollutants. The
OXYGENATE command is used instead of the OXYGENATED FUELS command, so all
oxygen content values must be expressed as volume percent instead of weight percent. GAS
AROMATIC%, GAS OLEFIN%, GAS BENZENE%, E200 and E300 must always be specified.
RVP OXY WAIVER command is always set to 1 (no waiver), because Reid vapor pressure
(RVP) values from the fuel surveys are assumed to already account for any RVP effect from
oxygenated fuels. The FUEL RVP command is always required. The GASOLINE SULFUR
command and FUEL PROGRAM command Option 4 are always used to explicitly set the sulfur
content of gasoline. The same gasoline sulfur content is used for both commands and for all
years in the FUEL PROGRAM command, although it would normally have different sulfur
values for different years. Each MOBILE6 run covers only a single month in a particular
calendar year, so NMIM sets all possible sulfur values the same to avoid programming logic to
determine which of the possible years to change.
Some counties have local emission control programs. The basic information for these programs
is stored in the NCD and used to create the appropriate commands for the input file when needed.
Inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs for counties are stored in external data files and
accessed using the I/M DESC FILE command.
In addition to the basic required information, NMIM can also include county specific data that is
normally provided to MOBILE6 using external data files. Nearly any of the valid MOBILE6
commands can be used, including commands used to model local Low Emission Vehicle (LEV)
phase-in programs and local natural gas vehicle fractions. Diesel sales fractions are stored in an
external file and used to create the appropriate input command.
Not all MOBILE6 commands are used by NMIM. The VMT FRACTIONS and VMT BY
FACILITY commands are not needed, since these commands are only needed to create
composite emission rates. NMIM converts all emission rate results from MOBILE6 to tons using
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the county specific VMT for each vehicle class and roadway type. Since all gasolines are
explicitly defined, both the SEASON command and FUEL PROGRAM command Option 2 are
never used.
Only weekdays are modeled by NMIM. Commands that apply to weekend variations are not
used. This simplification makes sense because most weekend differences in MOBILE6 are
temporal distributions, so MOBILE6's emission factors at the day level are little affected by these
differences. (Parameters that can differ between weekends and weekdays are hot soak duration
distribution, start distribution, starts/day, soak distribution, and trip length distribution.) The
major difference between weekdays and weekends is VMT, which is provided by month, vehicle
type, and roadway type in the NCD.
MOBILE6 has only 4 facility or roadway types: freeways, arterials, ramps, and locals. Ramp
speed is fixed at 34.6 miles per hour (mph) and local speed at 12.9 mph. Distributions of average
speeds are specified separately for freeways and arterials using the SPEED VMT command. If
only a single MOBILE6 scenario were run, the same distribution of average speeds would be
applied to all vehicle types. Separate specification of average speed distributions for all
combinations of the 12 roadway types and all 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types would require running
168 MOBILE6 scenarios.
In order to avoid running so many MOBILE6 scenarios, while retaining reasonable flexibility,
NMIM groups vehicle class-roadway type combinations into 18 groups, shown in Table 3-1.
These groups are those that have been used in past NEI base years, and provide flexibility in
assigning average speeds while limiting the number of MOBILE6 runs necessary to generate an
inventory. Since nine of these combinations use the MOBILE6 freeway facility type and nine use
the arterial facility type, a total of nine MOBILE6 scenarios are needed to model the eighteen
vehicle class/roadway type combinations. Average speed distributions for each of these eighteen
vehicle class/roadway type combinations can be specified for each county.
Because MOBILE6 can model only one particle size at a time, if both PM10 and PM2.5 are
desired, NMIM runs a tenth MOBILE6 scenario to obtain emission factors for the extra particle
size. MOBILE6 separates exhaust particulates into sulfate (S04), organic carbon (OC), elemental
carbon (EC), lead, tire wear, and brake wear. Of these, only S04 depends on speed. If either
PM10 or PM2.5 is requested, the results are obtained from the standard nine scenarios. If both
PM10 and PM2.5 are requested, the nine scenarios are run for PM10. Since all S04 is PM2.5, if
both PM10 and PM2.5 are requested, the S04 emission factor for both is taken from the nine
scenarios that are sensitive to speed, and the tenth scenario is used to obtain the emission factors
for all the other PM2.5 components.
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Table 3-1. The 18 Vehicle Class-roadway Type Combinations in NMIM
M6Vtypes*
Road Types
M6 Ftype
LDV
Rural Interstate
Freeway
LDT
Rural Interstate
Freeway
HDV
Rural Interstate
Freeway
LDV
Urban Interstate
Freeway
LDT
Urban Interstate
Freeway
HDV
Urban Interstate
Freeway
LDV
Urban Freeways & Expressways
Freeway
LDT
Urban Freeways & Expressways
Freeway
HDV
Urban Freeways & Expressways
Freeway
LDV,LDT
Rural Principal Arterial
Arterial
LDV,LDT
Rural Minor Arterial
Arterial
HDV
Rural Principal Arterial
Arterial
LDV,LDT
Rural Major Collector
Arterial
LDV,LDT
Rural Minor Collector, Rural Local
Arterial
HDV
Rural Minor Arterial
Arterial
LDV,LDT
Urban Principal Arterial, Urban Minor Arterial, Urban Collector
Arterial
HDV
Rural Major Collector, Rural Minor Collector, Rural Local
Arterial
HDV
Urban Principal Arterial, Urban Minor Arterial, Urban Collector
Arterial
* Reference MOBILE6.2 User Guide, Appendix B
LDV = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 1 and 16.
LDT = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 2-5.
HDV = MOBILE6 Vehicle Types 6-15.
MOBILE6 specifies a calendar year and an evaluation month of either January or July. This
combination determines the fleet composition for which emission factors are generated. For each
month of a given inventory year, NMIM writes the MOBILE6 input file using the combination of
calendar year and evaluation month shown in Table 3-2.
The reasoning behind this scheme is that the fleet composition in October, November, and
December of year Y is more like that of January of year Y+l than it is like July of year Y. This
scheme does not cause a problem with fuel properties, because NMIM always looks up the fuel
properties in the NCD for the inventory year and month being modeled. Control programs in
MOBILE6 are always assumed to begin on January 1, but MOBILE6 assumes that these
programs have no effect on that day, since the program has had no time to get started. Hence
NMIM is not erroneously introducing next year's control programs by modeling October,
November, and December as January 1 of the following year.
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Table 3-2. The MOBILE6 Calendar Years and Evaluation Months That Are Used by
NMIM to Produce an Inventory for Each Month of a Given Year, Y
NMIM Month of Inventory Year
Y
MOBILE6 calendar year
MOBILE6 evaluation month
1
Y
1
2
Y
1
3
Y
1
4
Y
7
5
Y
7
6
Y
7
7
Y
7
8
Y
7
9
Y
7
10
Y+1
1
11
Y+1
1
12
Y+1
1
3.1.4 How NMIM Runs NONROAD
NONROAD estimates monthly fuel consumption and emissions of total hydrocarbons (THC),
CO, NOx, S02, and PM. NMIM then processes the monthly results as needed to produce annual
and ozone season day emissions. Additional pollutants are produced by NMIM as ratios to some
of these outputs.
The NONROAD Model reads a set of ASCII instructions, known as an "opt file" (for options).
NMIM creates this file from data in the NCD. As employed in NMIM, the opt file is limited to
one State and specifies month and year, fuel properties, temperature, and the counties for which
to calculate emissions, which may be all or a subset of the counties in the State. NONROAD
internally produces emissions for the whole State and then allocates the emissions for each SCC
to the requested counties. Output is produced only for the county or counties selected in the
NMIM RunSpec.
The NONROAD Model includes a group of files that specify equipment populations, emission
factors, deterioration rates, activities, and allocations from the State to the county level. County-
specific allocation, population, seasonality, and activity files that will override the default files
can be specified in the NCD.
The fuel properties required by the NONROAD Model are not the same as those in the NCD.
The NONROAD Model requires "Oxygen Weight %" in its opt file. The conversion from NCD
fuel properties to oxygen weight percent is performed by NMIM as follows:
oxywtpct =
etohvo lume *0.3448* etohmktshar e
+ mtbevolume*0.1786*mtbemktshare
+ tamevolume*0.1636*tamemktshare
+ etbevolume*0.1533*etbemktshare
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These conversion factors are detailed under the OXYGENATE command in the MOBILE6
User's Guide (EPA, 2003b).
How NMIM converts from THC to other hydrocarbon (HC) species
THC is the NONROAD Model's native output. The other HC species that can be requested from
NMIM are listed and defined in Table 3-3 below. The conversion from THC to the other HC
species differs between exhaust and evaporative emissions. For NONROAD, NMIM classifies
all emissions as either exhaust, evaporative, or refueling. NONROAD's crankcase emissions are
classified as exhaust.
NMIM uses factors in the SCC table to convert NONROAD exhaust THC to the other HC
outputs (VOC, NMHC, TOG, and NMOG). For evaporative emissions except for
FuelType=CNG, no conversion is necessary (i.e., VOC = NMHC = TOG = NMOG = THC). For
evaporative CNG emissions, TOG = THC, and NMOG = NMHC = VOC = 0.
3.1.5 Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM
HCs may be expressed in one of five forms, listed in Table 3-3 below. The conversion factors
are those used in the MOBILE6 and NONROAD models and depend on fuel and engine type.
Table 3-3. Hydrocarbon Forms Available from NMIM (MOBILE6 User Guide)
Hydrocarbon Form

Includes
FID HC
Includes
Methane
Includes
Ethane
Includes
Aldehydes
Total Hydrocarbons
(THC)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Partially
Nonmethane Hydrocarbons
(NMHC)
Yes
No
Yes
Partially
Volatile Organic Compounds
(VOC)
Yes
No
No
Yes
Total Organic Gases
(TOG)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Nonmethane Organic Gases
(NMOG)
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Table 3-4 lists all pollutants for which NMIM produces inventories. The pollutant codes are
those specified by NIF3.1 Numeric codes are Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers2
(CASRN) with the hyphens removed.
In Table 3-4, a non-blank "Ratio to" column (MB for MOBILE6, NR for NONROAD) indicates
that the pollutant is calculated by NMIM, after the MOBILE6 or NONROAD model is run, by
ratio to the pollutant listed in the column. A blank "Ratio to" column indicates that the pollutant
is calculated inside MOBILE6 or NONROAD. The ratio depends on source type, expressed as a
SCC, and fuel characteristics. The complete list of these ratios may be found in the NCD SCC
table and SCCToxics table. Ratio units are g/gallon, g/mile, and g/g of PM or VOC. For on-road
vehicles, naphthalene is ratioed to exhaust PM and to evaporative VOC. For nonroad, it is
1	Details of the NIF3 maybe found as links to http://www.epa.gOv/ttn/chief/nif/index.html#ver3.
2	See EPA's Substance Registry System: http://www.epa.gov/srs/ and the CAS Registry website:
http://www.cas.org/EO/regsys.html.
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ratioed to exhaust PM10 only. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is present to provide input to
REMSAD (Regional Modeling System for Aerosols and Deposition3).
The "Six HAPs" category represents the first HAPs studied for mobile sources. They are
selected individually in the NMIM RunSpec. The 27 "Add'l. HAPs" (additional HAPs) are
selected as a group in the NMIM RunSpec. The 17 dioxin/furan congeners are also selected as a
group. Pollutants in Table 3-4 without a category listed may be selected individually in the
NMIM RunSpec. All pollutants are output separately, even if they are selected as a group.
Table 3-4. List of Pollutants for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM
Pollutant


Ratio to
Code
PollutantName
Category
MB
NR
CO
Carbon Monoxide



HC
Hydrocarbons (choice of five forms)



NOX
Nitrogen Oxides



S02
Sulfur Dioxide



PM10-PRI
Primary PM10 (Filterables and Condensibles)



PM25-PRI
Primary PM2.5 (Filterables and Condensibles)


PM10*
NH3
Ammonia


Gal*
75070
Acetaldehyde
Six HAPS

VOC
107028
Acrolein
Six HAPS

VOC
71432
Benzene
Six HAPS

VOC
106990
1,3-Butadiene
Six HAPS

voc
50000
Formaldehyde
Six HAPS

voc
1634044
MTBE
Six HAPS

voc
100414
Ethyl Benzene
Add'l. HAPS
voc
voc
100425
Styrene
Add'l. HAPS
voc
voc
108883
Toluene
Add'l. HAPS
voc
voc
110543
Hexane
Add'l. HAPS
voc
voc
120127
Anthracene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
123386
Propionaldehyde
Add'l. HAPS
voc
voc
129000
Pyrene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
1330207
Xylene
Add'l. HAPS
VOC
voc
16065831
Chromium (Cr3+)
Add'l. HAPS
Mile
Gal
18540299
Chromium (Cr6+)
Add'l. HAPS
Mile
Gal
191242
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
193395
lndeno(1,2,3,c,d)pyrene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
205992
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
206440
Fluoranthene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
207089
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
208968
Acenaphthylene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
218019
Chrysene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
50328
Benzo(a)pyrene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
3 Information on REMSAD may be found at http://remsad.saintl.com/overview.htm.
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Table 3-4 (continued)
Pollutant




Ratio to
Code
PollutantName
Category
MB
NR
53703
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
540841
2,2,4-T rimethylpentane
Add'l. HAPS
VOC
VOC
56553
Benz(a)anthracene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
7439965
Manganese
Add'l. HAPS
Mile
Gal
7440020
Nickel
Add'l. HAPS
Mile
Gal
83329
Acenaphthene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
85018
Phenanthrene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
86737
Fluorene
Add'l. HAPS
PM10
PM 10
91203
Naphthalene
Add'l. HAPS
PM VOC
PM 10
1746016
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
19408743
1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
3268879
Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
35822469
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
39001020
Octachlorodibenzofu ran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
39227286
1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
40321764
1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
51207319
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofu ran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
55673897
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Heptachlorodibenzofuran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
57117314
2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofu ran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
57117416
1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
57117449
1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
57653857
1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
60851345
2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofu ran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
67562394
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzofuran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
70648269
1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
72918219
1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzofuran
D
oxin/
uran
Mile
Gal
C02
Carbon Dioxide





SOA
Secondary Organic Aerosol



VOC*
VOC*
* Ratios for these pollutants are in the NCD SCC table. All others are in the SCCToxics table.
3.1.6 Source Categories for Which Inventories Are Produced by NMIM
NMIM's output is always in terms of SCC, which are described in the SCC table. For on-road
output, NMIM also distinguishes five emission types (exhaust, evaporation, refueling, brake
wear, and tire wear). For NONROAD, NMIM distinguishes three emission types (exhaust,
evaporation, and refueling) and also reports the NONROAD power classes, which subdivide a
given SCC by horsepower range.
The VMT in the BaseYearVMT table is by the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes. In NMIM output,
however, these 28 vehicle classes are aggregated into the 12 vehicle classes that correspond to
SCC codes. These 12 vehicle classes are shown in Table 3-5a. The NCD M6VClass table
defines the correspondence between these two sets of vehicle classes, which are also shown in
Table 3-5b.
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Table 3-5a. The 12 Vehicle Classes That Correspond to SCCs
Class
Description
Class
Description
LDGV
Light duty gasoline vehicles
LDDT
Light duty diesel trucks
LDGT1
Light duty gasoline truck 1
2BHDDV
Class 2b heavy duty diesel vehicles
LDGT2
Light duty gasoline truck 2
LHDDV
Light heavy-duty diesel vehicles
HDGV
Heavy duty gasoline vehicles, include buses
MHDDV
Medium heavy-duty diesel vehicles
MC
Motorcycles
HHDDV
Heavy heavy-duty diesel vehicles
LDDV
Light duty diesel vehicles
BUSES
Diesel buses
Table 3-5b. The 28 MOBILE6 Vehicle Classes and the 12 Vehicle Classes
Corresponding to SCCs That Are Output by NMIM
M6#
28 M6
12 SCC
Description
1
LDGV
LDGV
Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (Passenger Cars)
2
LDGT1
LDGT1
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 1 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR, 0-3750 lbs. LVW)
3
LDGT2
LDGT1
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 2 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR, 3751-5750 lbs. LVW)
4
LDGT3
LDGT2
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 3 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR, 0-5750 lbs. ALVW)
5
LDGT4
LDGT2
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 4 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR, 5751 lbs. and greater ALVW)
6
HDGV2B
HDGV
Class 2b Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (8501-10,000 lbs. GVWR)
7
HDGV3
HDGV
Class 3 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR)
8
HDGV4
HDGV
Class 4 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (14,001-16,000 lbs. GVWR)
9
HDGV5
HDGV
Class 5 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (16,001-19,500 lbs. GVWR)
10
HDGV6
HDGV
Class 6 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (19,501-26,000 lbs. GVWR)
11
HDGV7
HDGV
Class 7 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (26,001-33,000 lbs. GVWR)
12
HDGV8A
HDGV
Class 8a Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (33,001-60,000 lbs. GVWR)
13
HDGV8B
HDGV
Class 8b Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (>60,000 lbs. GVWR)
14
LDDV
LDDV
Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles (Passenger Cars)
15
LDDT12
LDDT
Light-Duty Diesel Trucks 1 and 2 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR)
16
HDDV2B
2BHDDV
Class 2b Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (8501-10,000 lbs. GVWR)
17
HDDV3
LHDDV
Class 3 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR)
18
HDDV4
LHDDV
Class 4 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (14,001-16,000 lbs. GVWR)
19
HDDV5
LHDDV
Class 5 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (16,001-19,500 lbs. GVWR)
20
HDDV6
MHDDV
Class 6 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (19,501-26,000 lbs. GVWR)
21
HDDV7
MHDDV
Class 7 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (26,001-33,000 lbs. GVWR)
22
HDDV8A
HHDDV
Class 8a Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (33,001-60,000 lbs. GVWR)
23
HDDV8B
HHDDV
Class 8b Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (>60,000 lbs. GVWR)
24
MC
MC
Motorcycles (Gasoline)
25
HDGB
HDGV
Gasoline Buses (School, Transit and Urban)
26
HDDBT
BUSES
Diesel Transit and Urban Buses
27
HDDBS
BUSES
Diesel School Buses
28
LDDT34
LDDT
Light-Duty Diesel Trucks 3 and 4 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR)
SCC output also distinguishes 12 roadway types, listed in Table 3-6. The 12 roadway types are
those used by the FHWA Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS).4 These roadway
types, in combination with the 12 vehicle types, result in 144 SCCs for on-road mobile sources.
4 Information on the FHWA HPMS is available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohpi/hpms/.
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Table 3-6. 12 Roadway Types
Interstate: Rural	Interstate: Urban
Other Principal Arterial: Rural	Other Freeways and Expressways: Urban
Minor Arterial: Rural	Other Principal Arterial: Urban
Major Collector: Rural	Minor Arterial: Urban
Minor Collector: Rural	Collector: Urban
Local: Rural	Local: Urban
Emissions are estimated by the NONROAD Model for 214 SCCs. SCCs distinguish between
equipment types, fuels (gasoline, diesel, LPG, and CNG) and between two stroke and four stroke
gasoline engines. In addition, NONROAD produces horsepower categories, and NMIM retains
these in its output.
Within NMIM and the NONROAD Model, the nonroad SCCs are grouped into 12 segments,
listed in Table 3-7.
Table 3-7. NONROAD Model Equipment Segments
Recreational	Lawn/Garden	Logging	Oil Field
Construction	Agriculture	Airport Support	Pleasure Craft
Industrial	Commercial	Underground Mining	Railroad
Any single SCC always falls under only one of these segments, corresponding to its most typical
application, although it may be used in other segments as well. For example, skid steer loaders
are in the construction segment, although they are also used in agriculture. Fuels are gasoline,
diesel, LPG, and CNG. NMIM users must choose a segment and fuel; individual SCCs may not
be selected. Output, however, is by individual SCC.
3.2 THE NMIM COUNTY DATABASE
3.2.1	Database Structure
The NCD contains all the county-specific information needed to run MOBILE6 and NONROAD.
It also contains the list of pollutants and the ratios of HAPs, dioxins/furans, and some metals to
various NONROAD and MOBILE6 outputs that are used to estimate inventories of these
nonstandard pollutants. This database is in MySQL, an open source database management
system that is available from www.mysql.com. The tables in the database are listed in Table 3-8.
3.2.2	Onroad VMT
The NCD is populated with 2002 VMT data developed from information provided by the
FHWA. These default FHWA-based VMT data were then replaced by State data where these
data were supplied to EPA. VMT data in the NCD is contained in the BaseYearVMT table. To
use this table, the VMT data for a given county must contain records for each of the 12 HPMS
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functional roadway types and the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes, for a total of 336 records in this
table per county. The VMT data in the NMIM BaseYearVMT table is annual data in units of
millions of miles.
Table 3-8. Tables in the NMIM County Database (NCD)
Table
Contents
BaseYearVMT
VMT by year, county, M6VCIass, and HPMSRoadType.
County
For each county, Federal Information Processing System (FIPS) codes for the county
and State, altitude, beginning and end of ozone season, Stage 2 information, Natural
Gas Vehicle (NGV) fraction file name
CountyMap
The representing county for each county, one for NONROAD and one for MOBILE6.
CountyMonth
Defines the set of possible county-month combinations.
CountyMonthHour
Monthly average hourly temperature and humidity table used if "Use yearly weather data"
is not selected or there is no data for the requested year in the CountyYearMonthHour
table.
County NRFile
References to external NONROAD files pertaining to a county.
CountyVMTMonth
Allocation
Mileage allocation factors for the 12 months of the year, by county.
CountyYear
Stage2 percent input to the NR model, plus external file references for MOBILE6 and
NR.
CountyYearMonth
Gasoline, diesel, and natural gas fuel IDs for each county for each year and month.
CountyYearMonth
Hour
Historical hourly temperature and relative humidity.
DataSource
Defines datasource identifiers used in other tables.
Diesel
Diesel sulfur content associated with each diesel ID.
EmissionType
Associates emission types (exhaust, evap, brake, tire) with EmissionTypelD used in
other tables
FileType
Defines the set of valid external files and their 3-character extensions.
Gasoline
Detailed fuel properties associated with each gasoline ID.
Hour
Defines the hour identifiers.
HPMSRoadType
Defines the 12 HPMS road type identifiers.
M6VCIass
Defines the 28 vehicle classes used in MOBILE6. These are the valid combinations of
M6Vtype and fuel.
M6VType
Defines the fuel-independent vehicle types used in MOBILE6.
NaturalGas
Natural gas sulfur content associated with each natural gas ID.
PollutantCode
Associates NIF pollutant codes and pollutant names with PollutantCodelD used in other
tables.
see
Associates with each SCCID an SCC code and description, and ratios for NH3, PM25,
and for converting between HC forms.
SCCToxics
SCC and fuel property-dependent ratios for calculating HAPs, dioxin/furans, and metals.
State
Associates State names and abbreviations with State FIPS codes used in other tables.
VMTGrowth
The annual VMT growth rate for a M6VCIass by county and year.
VMTMonth
Allocation
Factors for allocating annual VMT to the 12 months, by M6VType and HPMSRoadType,
used if there are no county-specific values in CountyVMTMonthAllocation.
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3.2.2.1 Annual
3.2.2.1.1	Data Sources Used to Develop VMT
The default 2002 VMT database was developed by EPA, using data supplied directly by FHWA
and as well as publicly available data from FHWA's Highway Statistics series (FHWA, 2003).
From Highway Statistics 2002, EPA uses Table VM-2 "Functional System Travel - 2002; Annual
Vehicle-Miles (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohim/hs02/pdf/vm2.pdf). This table contains
state-level summaries of miles of annual travel in each State by functional system and by rural
and urban areas. Rural VMT is provided on a State level for the following six roadway types:
interstate, other principal arterial, minor arterial, major collector, minor collector, and local.
Urban VMT is provided on a State level for the following six roadway types: interstate, other
freeways and expressways, other principal arterial, minor arterial, collector, and local. EPA also
uses Table VM-1 "Annual Vehicle Distance Traveled in Miles and Related Data - 2002; by
Highway Category and Vehicle Type" (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohim/hs02/pdf/vml.pdf)
from Highway Statistics 2002. This table provides annual VMT separated by rural and urban
areas broken down into the following vehicle categories: passenger cars, motorcycles, buses,
other 2-axle 4-tire vehicles, single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more trucks, and combination trucks. In
addition to these publicly available tables, FHWA provided EPA with its HPMS 2002 universe
and sample databases (Kashuba, 2004). From these data tables, EPA extracted daily VMT by
urban area (areas with a population of 50,000 or more) in each of the six urban roadway
categories as listed for Table VM-2, broken down by urban area and State. This data is similar to
that in Table HM-71 from Highway Statistics 2002 with the exception that Table HM-71 does
not break down multi-state urban areas into the portion in each State. EPA also calculated
roadway mileage by county and each of the 12 roadway classes listed above from the HPMS
2002 data provided by FHWA.
In addition to the FHWA data, EPA uses Census data in developing the VMT database. Three
data sets are used. The first contains the 2002 population estimates by county (BOC, 2004a).
The second is the 2000 Census data listing the urban and rural population in each county (BOC,
2004b). The third table has the 2000 Census data showing the population breakdown for each
urban area by county for each county included in that urban area.
3.2.2.1.2	How Does EPA Estimate VMT?
VMT is the activity factor EPA uses to estimate on-road vehicle emissions; therefore, the
development of a VMT database is critical to the estimation process. Starting with State-level
VMT totals for each year, EPA allocates VMT by county, roadway type, and vehicle type. There
are four basic steps in this process: (1) allocate state-level rural VMT by roadway type to
county/roadway type level; (2) allocate large urban area VMT by roadway type to the
county/roadway type level; (3) allocate remaining state-level small urban VMT by roadway type
to the county/roadway type level; and (4) allocate county/roadway type level VMT to each of the
28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes for each county and roadway type combination. Each of these steps
is described in more detail in the following sections.
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2002 Rural VMT Development
Rural Interstates
Rural interstate VMT is allocated from the State level to the county level based on rural interstate
roadway mileage. To estimate county-level VMT on rural interstates, EPA calculated each
county's fraction of the State's total rural interstate roadway mileage and then multiplied that
fraction by the State's 2002 rural interstate VMT total from Table VM-2. Equation 1 shows this
calculation.
MILmr
VMrmc - vmt^ x	(Eq 1}
R1,S
where: VMT
RI,C
VMT
RI,S
MILjuc;
MILRI,S
Rural interstate VMT in county C (calculated)
= Rural interstate VMT, State total {Highway Statistics Table
VM-2)
Rural interstate mileage in county C (FHWA)
= Rural interstate mileage, State total (FWHA)
Rural Local Roads
For the rural local roadway type, VMT was allocated from the State to the county level using
rural population to determine the allocation fractions. Thus, rural local VMT at the county level
was calculated by multiplying the State's rural local VMT total by the ratio of a county's rural
population to the State's rural population. The equation used for this calculation is the same as
Equation 1, but with rural interstate mileage replaced by rural population. 2002 rural population
was first estimated at the county level by multiplying the Census Bureau's 2002 county-level
population estimates by the ratio of each county's rural population in the 2000 Census to its total
rural plus urban population.
Other Rural Roadway Types
EPA allocated VMT for the remaining four rural roadway types (other principal arterials, minor
arterials, major collectors, and minor collectors) from the State level to the county level using
rural county population as the primary source of the VMT allocation. Additionally, VMT for a
specific roadway type was distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the
specified roadway type, based on the roadway mileage file data from FHWA. Thus, rural
population within a State was totaled individually for each of these four rural roadway types,
including only population from counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway
type. Equation 2 shows the equation used to calculate county-level VMT on rural roadway types
other than rural interstates.
P°PRXC
VMTrx^ = VMT^ x ^	(Eq 2)
RXS
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where: VMT^ = VMT on rural roadtype X in county C (calculated)
VMTrx s = VMT on rural roadtype X, State total (.Highway Statistics Table
VM-2)
POPR c	= Rural population in county C with nonzero mileage from rural
roadway type X (0 if zero mileage from rural roadway type X in
county C) (Census)
POPR S	= Rural population, State total of all counties with nonzero mileage
from rural roadway type X (Census)
2002 Urban Area VMT Development
The procedure for developing urban area VMT at the county and road type level involves
allocating the FHWA State/urban area VMT data to the county level using the Census data on
urban area population by county as well as the FHWA roadway mileage data by county and road
type. The FHWA urban area VMT data are in units of average daily miles. These data are first
converted to millions of annual miles to be consistent with the Table VM-2 State-level data by
multiplying the urban area VMT data by 365 and dividing by 1,000,000.
The Census data containing information on the population by county in each urban area is
prepared only for the decennial censuses. Therefore, these data are converted from 2000
population by county in each State/urban area combination to the fraction of the total State/urban
area population in each of the counties making up that State/urban area. As shown in Equation 3,
EPA then calculates each county's share of a State/urban area's VMT by distributing urban area
VMT from FHWA's State/urban area VMT database based on the percentage of the urban area's
population in each county. As with the rural VMT allocations, VMT for a specific roadway type
is distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type,
based on the FHWA roadway mileage data. Thus, the county-level State/urban population
fractions are divided by the total State/urban area population fraction from counties with nonzero
roadway mileage of the specified roadway type. For the urban local roadway category, VMT is
distributed strictly by urban population, assuming that all counties with urban populations have
mileage in the urban local roadway category.
POP
VMTyr = VMTya x -
PQP
XJG
(Eq. 3)
xj
where: VMT
x,c
VMT
POP
x,s
x,c
POP
X,A
State/urban area A's VMT on roadway type X in county C
(calculated)
Total of State/urban area A's VMT on roadway type X (FHWA)
State/urban area A's population fraction in county C with nonzero
mileage from urban roadway type X (Census)
State/urban area A's total population fraction from all counties
with nonzero mileage from urban roadway type X (Census)
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2002 Small Urban VMT Development
The urban VMT included in Table VM-2 of Highway Statistics 2002 accounts for VMT from
both urban (population greater than 50,000) and small urban areas. Thus, small urban VMT is
calculated by subtracting the urban VMT, calculated as discussed above, from the urban VMT
totals in Table VM-2. First, the resultant annual VMT for urban areas was totaled by State and
roadway type and was then subtracted from the total urban VMT by State and roadway type
reported in Table VM-2. This calculation results in small urban VMT by State and roadway
type.
To allocate the small urban VMT to the county level, EPA first estimated the county-level
population in small urban areas. The Census 2000 urban area population data by county was
totaled by county to determine the population in each county falling in the Census-defined urban
areas. This population was then subtracted from the Census total urban population for each
county in 2000. The small urban population fraction was then calculated for each county as the
ratio of the county small urban county population to the total county population. These 2000
small urban population fractions by county were then multiplied by the 2002 county-level
population to estimate 2002 small urban population. Finally, each county's small urban
population was calculated as a fraction of the total State's small urban population to use in
allocating the small urban VMT from the State to the county level.
As with the rural and urban VMT allocations, the small urban VMT for a specific roadway type
was distributed only to counties with nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type,
based on the FHWA roadway mileage data. Thus, the county-level State/small urban population
fractions are divided by the total State/small urban population fraction from counties with
nonzero roadway mileage of the specified roadway type. For the small urban local roadway
category, VMT is distributed strictly by small urban population, assuming that all counties with
small urban populations have mileage in the urban local roadway category. Equation 4 shows the
equation used to calculate county-level VMT on small urban roadway types.
POP„vr
V^Tsx,c = V^Tsx,s x pnp	(Eq. 4)
rursx,s
where: VMTSX c = VMT on small urban roadtype X in county C (calculated)
VMTSX s = VMT on small urban roadtype X, State total (obtained by
subtracting large urban VMT from total urban VMT from Highway
Statistics Table VM-2)
POPsx c = Small urban population fraction in county C with nonzero mileage
from urban roadway type X (Census data) (0 if zero mileage from
urban roadway type X in county C)
POPsx s	= State's small urban population fraction total from all counties with
nonzero mileage from urban roadway type X (Census data)
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3.2.2.1.3	2002 VMTAllocation by Vehicle Type
For input to the NCD, the 2002 VMT must be allocated to the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types for
each county and roadway type. This allocation was done for 2002 using the distribution of the
2002 VMT among the six HPMS vehicle types found in Table VM-1 ("Annual Vehicle Distance
Traveled in Miles and Related Data - 2002 - by Highway Category and Vehicle Type") of
FHWA's Highway Statistics 2002 (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohim/hs02/pdf/vml.pdf) and
a mapping of these HPMS vehicle categories to the 28 MOBILE6 vehicle types, provided by
OTAQ. First, the VMT totals for each of the six HPMS vehicle categories (passenger cars,
motorcycles, other 2-axle 4-tire vehicles, single unit 2-axle 6-tire or more trucks, combination
trucks, and buses) were calculated as a fraction of the total VMT. This calculation was
performed separately for five groups of roadway classes. The resulting 2002 VMT fractions for
each group of roadway classes are shown in Table 3-9. Next, EPA assigned each of the 28
MOBILE6 vehicle types to one of the 6 HPMS vehicle categories, as shown in Table 3-9. Using
the default MOBILE6 VMT fractions for 2002, the MOBILE6 VMT fractions were renormalized
among all MOBILE6 vehicle types mapped to a given HPMS vehicle category. Then the HPMS
VMT fractions for each roadway group were separately multiplied by the renormalized
MOBILE6 VMT fractions for all MOBILE6 vehicle types included within a given HPMS vehicle
category.
For example, Table 3-9 shows that the HPMS Passenger Car vehicle category includes the
MOBILE6 LDGV and LDDV vehicle types. Therefore, the default 2002 MOBILE6 VMT
fraction for LDGVs was divided by the sum of the LDGV and LDDV default 2002 MOBILE6
VMT fractions. This number was then multiplied by the HPMS VMT fraction for Passenger
Cars (0.4947 for rural interstates). This resulted in a 2002 LDGV VMT fraction on rural
interstates of 0.4939. Table 3-9 lists the resulting VMT fractions for 2002 for each of the
MOBILE6 vehicle types and each of the five roadway groups. Finally, each of the VMT records
in the 2002 VMT database, at the State/county/roadway type level of detail was then multiplied
by the fraction of VMT in each of the corresponding MOBILE6 vehicle type categories to obtain
total annual VMT at the State/county/roadway type/MOBILE6 vehicle type level.
3.2.2.1.4	How Were State VMT Estimates Incorporated into the NEI?
For the final version of the 2002 NEI, a number of State and local agencies submitted 2002 VMT
data that were accepted by EPA for incorporation into the NEI. VMT data were submitted for all
counties in the following 32 States for 2002: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado,
Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland,
Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North
Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and West Virginia. Additionally, VMT data were submitted for
Maricopa County, Arizona; Jefferson County, Kentucky; Bernalillo County, New Mexico; and
Lancaster County, Nebraska. VMT data were also submitted for all counties in Nevada except
for Washoe County.
The VMT data were submitted in several different formats. Several States submitted VMT data
in the NMIM BaseYearVMT table format. Others supplied VMT at the 8 or 12 vehicle type
level. Some of the submitted VMT files did not include a distribution of the VMT by roadway
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type, while others had distributed VMT to the roadway types but not to any vehicle types.
Therefore, EPA developed procedures to expand all of the VMT data to the 28 vehicle type and
12 roadway type level of detail. The procedures followed to expand the VMT for all of these
States to the 28 vehicle type level and 12 roadway type level are discussed below.
Expanding State/Local VMT to the 28 Vehicle Classes
In nearly all cases the vehicle class information available from measurements of VMT, such as
those obtained from the HPMS or State departments of transportation, are not as detailed as used
by NMIM. The vehicle classifications used in NMIM are the same as used in the MOBILE6
output:
MOBILE6 Vehicle Classifications
Number
Abb reviation
Description
1
LDGV
Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (Passenger Cars)
2
LDGT1
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 1 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR, 0-3,750 lbs. LVW)
3
LDGT2
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 2 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR, 3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)
4
LDGT3
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 3 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR, 0-5,750 lbs. ALVW)
5
LDGT4
Light-Duty Gasoline Trucks 4 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR, greater than 5,751 lbs. ALVW)
6
HDGV2b
Class 2b Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR)
7
HDGV3
Class 3 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR)
8
HDGV4
Class 4 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (14,001-16,000 lbs. GVWR)
9
HDGV5
Class 5 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (16,001-19,500 lbs. GVWR)
10
HDGV6
Class 6 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (19,501-26,000 lbs. GVWR)
11
HDGV7
Class 7 Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (26,001-33,000 lbs. GVWR)
12
HDGV8a
Class 8a Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (33,001-60,000 lbs. GVWR)
13
HDGV8b
Class 8b Heavy-Duty Gasoline Vehicles (>60,000 lbs. GVWR)
14
LDDV
Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles (Passenger Cars)
15
LDDT12
Light-Duty Diesel Trucks land 2 (0-6,000 lbs. GVWR)
16
HDDV2b
Class 2b Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR)
17
HDDV3
Class 3 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR)
18
HDDV4
Class 4 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (14,001-16,000 lbs. GVWR)
19
HDDV5
Class 5 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (16,001-19,500 lbs. GVWR)
20
HDDV6
Class 6 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (19,501-26,000 lbs. GVWR)
21
HDDV7
Class 7 Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (26,001-33,000 lbs. GVWR)
22
HDDV8a
Class 8a Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (33,001-60,000 lbs. GVWR)
23
HDDV8b
Class 8b Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (>60,000 lbs. GVWR)
24
MC
Motorcycles (Gasoline)
25
HDGB
Gasoline Buses (School, Transit and Urban)
26
HDDBT
Diesel Transit and Urban Buses
27
HDDBS
Diesel School Buses
28
LDDT34
Light-Duty Diesel Trucks 3 and 4 (6,001-8,500 lbs. GVWR)
EPA guidance ("Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory
Preparation," January 2002, Section 4.1 (EPA, 2002a)) allows the use of the VMT distribution
calculated by MOBILE6 to be used to disaggregate local VMT information into more
disaggregate vehicle classifications. However, since MOBILE6 calculates the VMT distribution
internally using vehicle counts, age distributions, annual mileage accumulation rates and diesel
sales fractions, user supplied local information may affect the VMT distribution values
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calculated. The most accurate reflection of local VMT is therefore obtained by first running
MOBILE6 using all local inputs (if any) for:
•	Age distributions (registration fractions),
•	Annual mileage accumulation rates,
•	Diesel sales fractions, and
•	VMT mix fractions.
Therefore, for each State or local area that submitted VMT with fewer than the 28 NMIM vehicle
classes, EPA created MOBILE6 input files representing each unique set of the above inputs
provided by a State or local agency. If none of these inputs were provided, the default MOBILE6
VMT distribution was used. Within each of these MOBILE6 input files, the DATABASE
OUTPUT and AGGREGATED OUTPUT commands were used to generate database output
aggregated across all hours, ages, emission types and roadway types. The POLLUTANTS
command was set to NOX to restrict the output to a single pollutant to reduce duplication of the
VMT results. The EVALUATION MONTH was set to "7" (July) to give a midyear VMT
distribution. The CALENDAR YEAR was set to 2002. The resulting 28 VMT fractions in the
MOBILE6 output files add up to one, or due to rounding, are very close.
The 28 MOBILE6 vehicle classes must be mapped unambiguously to the more aggregate eight
MOBILE5 or 12 SCC level vehicle types. The following table shows the mapping of the
MOBILE6 classes to the eight or 12 vehicle classifications.
Mapping of MOBILE6 to MOBILE5 Vehicle Classes
MOBILE5 8
SCC-Level 12 Vehicle
MOBILE6
MOBILE6 Vehicle
Vehicle Classes
Classes
Vehicle Class
Class Code
LDGV
LDGV (2201001)
LDGV
1
LDGT1
LDGT1 (2201020)
LDGT1
2


LDGT2
3
LDGT2
LDGT2 (2201040)
LDGT3
4


LDGT4
5
HDGV
HDGV (2201070)
HDGV2B
6


HDGV3
7


HDGV4
8


HDGV5
9


HDGV6
10


HDGV7
11


HDGV8A
12


HDGV8B
13


HDGB
25
MC
MC (2201080)
MC
24
LDDV
LDDV (2230001)
LDDV
14
LDDT
LDDT (2230060)
LDDT12
15


LDDT34
28
HDDV
2BHDDV (2230071)
HDDV2B
16

LHDDV (2230072)
HDDV3
17


HDDV4
18


HDDV5
19
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Mapping of MOBILE6 to MOBILE5 Vehicle Classes
MOBILE5 8
Vehicle Classes
SCC-Level 12 Vehicle
Classes
MOBILE6
Vehicle Class
MOBILE6 Vehicle
Class Code

MHDDV (2230073)
HDDV6
20
HDDV7
21
HHDDV (2230074)
HDDV8A
22
HDDV8B
23
BUS (2230075)
HDDBT
26
HDDBS
27
Next, the fractions of each MOBILE5 or SCC-level vehicle type represented by each MOBILE6
class is calculated. For clarity, the calculated fractions are referred to here as "factors" and the
original VMT fractions as "fractions." This factor is the MOBILE6 VMT fraction divided by the
sum of all MOBILE6 VMT fractions which are mapped into that MOBILE5 or SCC-level
vehicle type to which the each MOBILE6 VMT fraction belongs. For example, the representing
factor for LDGV, LDDV and MC are one, since there is only one MOBILE6 vehicle class
(themselves) in the corresponding MOBILE5 class in which they belong. The MOBILE6
LDGT1 fraction would be divided by the sum of the MOBILE6 LDGT1 and LDGT2 fractions,
which both belong to the MOBILE5 LDGT1 category to give the LDGT1 factor. Each
MOBILE6 class fraction mapped to the MOBILE5 HDDV category would be divided by the sum
of the MOBILE6 fractions from all ten of the classes mapped to that MOBILE5 category. When
completed, there will be 28 factors. The value of the sum of the factors within each MOBILE5
category will be one, when starting with data at the 8 MOBILE5 vehicle class level.
The factors are applied to the eight VMT values corresponding to each of the eight MOBILE5
vehicle classifications or to the 12 VMT values corresponding the each of the 12 SCC-level
vehicle classifications. This divides the VMT in each of the MOBILE5 or SCC-level classes to
the MOBILE6 classes that make it up. When completed, the total VMT sum of all 28 vehicle
classes will be the same as the total VMT sum from the original eight VMT values.
Expanding State/Local VMT by Roadway Type
As mentioned above, several State or local agencies supplied VMT data that was not allocated by
roadway type. In these cases, EPA relied on the VMT data from the preliminary 2002 NEI to
allocate the VMT by roadway type to develop ratios of VMT by roadway type for each county
and vehicle type. These ratios were then used to allocate the VMT data developed as discussed
above to the 12 roadway types.
3.2.2.2 Monthly Allocation
The table CountyVMTMonthAllocation within the NCD provides the ability to supply NMIM
with monthly temporal allocation factors. If these data are supplied, the allocation factors must
be specified by the 28 vehicle types, 12 roadway types, and for each month of the year. State or
local data were supplied by Delaware, Maryland, Minnesota, Utah, and Washington for these
monthly temporal allocation factors. In some cases, the data supplied by the State agencies was
replicated by EPA to include the appropriate coverage in NMIM. For example, if a State
supplied monthly temporal allocation factors with corresponding county, road type, and month
codes, but no vehicle type codes, the monthly factors were replicated so that the same data would
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be provided for each vehicle type corresponding to the county, road type, and month provided by
the State.
The table CountyVMTMonthAllocation within the NCD contains the NMIM default values for
the monthly temporal allocation factors. Annual VMT data are temporally allocated to months
within the NMIM code using defaults if no data are included in the NMIM
County VMTMonthAllocation table. EPA uses seasonal 1985 National Acid Precipitation
Assessment Program (NAPAP) temporal allocation factors (EPA, 1990) to apportion the VMT to
the four seasons. Monthly VMT data are then obtained by using a ratio between the number of
days in a month and the number of days in the corresponding season. These temporal factors are
shown in Table 3-10.
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Table 3-9. Allocation of VMT from HPMS Vehicle Categories to MOBILE6 Vehicle Types for 2002

HPMS 2002 VMT Fractions

2002 VMT Fractions by MOBILE6 Vehicle Type


RMajC,

UFwyExp,
MOBILE6


RMajC,

UFwyExp,
HPMS Vehicle
ROPA,
RminC,

UOPA, UMinArt, UCol,
Vehicle

ROPA,
RminC,

UOPA, UMinArt,
Category
Rlnt RMinArt
RLoc
Ulnt
ULoc
Type
Rlnt
RMinArt
RLoc
Ulnt
UCol, ULoc
Passenger Cars
0.4947 0.5485
0.5622
0.5951
0.6111
LDGV
0.4939
0.5476
0.5613
0.5941
0.6101





LDDV
0.0008
0.0009
0.0009
0.0010
0.0010
Motorcycles
0.0043 0.0037
0.0039
0.0041
0.0026
MC
0.0043
0.0037
0.0039
0.0041
0.0026
Other 2-Axle 4-Tire
0.3034 0.3474
0.3592
0.3181
0.3425
LDGT1
0.0476
0.0545
0.0564
0.0499
0.0537
Vehicles




LDGT2
0.1585
0.1815
0.1876
0.1662
0.1789





LDGT3
0.0482
0.0552
0.0571
0.0505
0.0544





LDGT4
0.0222
0.0254
0.0262
0.0232
0.0250





LDDT12
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002





LDDT34
0.0010
0.0011
0.0012
0.0010
0.0011





HDGV2B
0.0195
0.0223
0.0231
0.0205
0.0220





HDDV2B
0.0063
0.0072
0.0075
0.0066
0.0071
Single-Unit 2-Axle 6-
0.0312 0.0337
0.0361
0.0223
0.0216
HDGV3
0.0012
0.0013
0.0014
0.0008
0.0008
Tire or More Trucks




HDGV4
0.0006
0.0006
0.0007
0.0004
0.0004





HDGV5
0.0013
0.0014
0.0015
0.0009
0.0009





HDGV6
0.0028
0.0031
0.0033
0.0020
0.0020





HDGV7
0.0013
0.0014
0.0015
0.0009
0.0009





HDDV3
0.0032
0.0034
0.0037
0.0023
0.0022





HDDV4
0.0028
0.0030
0.0032
0.0020
0.0019





HDDV5
0.0012
0.0013
0.0014
0.0009
0.0009





HDDV6
0.0068
0.0073
0.0078
0.0048
0.0047





HDDV7
0.0101
0.0109
0.0117
0.0072
0.0070
Combination Trucks
0.1630 0.0641
0.0340
0.0585
0.0206
HDGV8A 0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000





HDGV8B
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000





HDDV8A
0.0357
0.0141
0.0075
0.0128
0.0045





HDDV8B
0.1273
0.0501
0.0265
0.0456
0.0161
Buses
0.0034 0.0025
0.0046
0.0020
0.0016
HDGB
0.0006
0.0004
0.0008
0.0003
0.0003





HDDBT
0.0011
0.0008
0.0015
0.0006
0.0005





HDDBS
0.0017
0.0013
0.0023
0.0010
0.0008
Total
1.0000 1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
Total
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
Notes: Rlnt = Rural Interstate, ROPA = Rural Other Principal Arterial, RMinArt = Rural Minor Arterial, RMajC = Rural Major Collector, RMinC = Rural Minor
Collector, RLoc = Rural Local, Ulnt = Urban Interstate, UFwyExp = Urban Other Freeway and Expressway, UOPA = Urban Other Principal Arterial, UMinArt =
Urban Minor Arterial, UCol = Urban Collector, ULoc = Urban Local
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Table 3-10. NMIM Default VMT Seasonal and Monthly Temporal
Allocation Factors
Vehicle Type
Roadway

Seasonal VMT Factors

Type
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
LDV, LDT, MC
Rural
0.2160
0.2390
0.2890
0.2560
LDV, LDT, MC
Urban
0.2340
0.2550
0.2650
0.2450
HDV
All
0.2500
0.2500
0.2500
0.2500
Monthly VMT Factors
Roadway
Vehicle Type Type
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
LDV, LDT, MC Rural
7.44
6.72
8.05
7.79
8.05
9.42
9.74
9.75
8.44
8.72
8.44
7.44
LDV, LDT, MC Urban
8.06
7.28
8.6
8.33
8.6
8.65
8.94
8.94
8.09
8.36
8.09
8.06
HDV All
8.62
7.78
8.42
8.15
8.42
8.15
8.42
8.42
8.24
8.52
8.24
8.62
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3.2.3 Fuel Properties
NMIM contains average gasoline, diesel and natural gas fuel properties for each month of
calendar year 2002. Each county may have different fuel properties from other counties in the
State, as reflected in the CountyYearMonth table of the NCD. For the 2002 draft NEI, several
States provided information to update fuel properties for their counties; however for the draft
version of the NEI these data were not reviewed and incorporated by EPA into NMIM.
3.2.3.1 Gasoline
The same gasoline fuel properties are used for both onroad and nonroad inventories. For the
preliminary NEI, gasoline fuel properties were determined by the Eastern Research Group, Inc.,
(ERG) under contract to EPA (ERG, 2003). The fuel properties stored in the Gasoline table
include:
•	Average RVP
•	Average sulfur content
•	Maximum sulfur content
•	RVP waiver flag indicating whether a waiver has been granted to allow splash
blending of alcohol-based oxygenates that allows alcohol-based oxygenated fuels
to exceed the RVP requirements by up to 1 pound per square inch (psi)
•	Ethanol (ETOH) percent (by volume) of ethanol blended gasolines
•	Ethanol blend market share
•	MTBE (percent (by volume) of ether blended gasolines
•	MTBE blend market share
•	ETBE (Ethyl Tertiary Butyl Ether) percent (by volume) of ether blended gasolines
•	ETBE blend market share
•	TAME (Tertiary Amyl Methyl Ether) percent (by volume) of ether blended
gasolines
•	TAME blend market share
•	Aromatic content
•	Olefin content
•	Benzene content
•	E200 (vapor percentage of gasoline at 200 degrees Fahrenheit)
•	E300 (vapor percentage of gasoline at 300 degrees Fahrenheit)
•	Reformulated gasoline (RFG) flag
The gasoline properties were derived from several surveys including:
•	EPA's "Reformulated Gasoline Survey Data for 2000" (EPA, 2000)
•	EPA's "Oxygenated Fuel Program Summary, State Winter Oxygenated Fuel
Program Requirements for Attainment or Maintenance of CO NAAQS" (EPA,
2001a)
. 1999 JRW (previously NIPER) fuel survey (TRW, 1999)
•	1992 Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers of America (AAMA) survey
(AAMA, 1992)
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Market share for oxygenated gasolines was obtained from the EPA's Oxygenate Type Analysis
Tables (EPA, 2001a) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA, 1999). If the MTBE
percent volume content was less than 0.1 percent, MTBE content was assumed to be zero with a
zero percent market share. Similarly, if the ethanol percent volume content was less than
0.1 percent, ethanol content was assumed to be zero with a zero percent market share. For any
area which reported non-zero values for TAME or ETBE, the entire market share was assumed to
be MTBE, since it was not possible to distinguish the market share between these specific
oxygenates.
All gasoline properties are area-wide averages, except for oxygenates, which are allowed to have
market shares. Three fuels (winter, summer, and spring/fall) were determined for each county
and assigned to months by season. Months representing seasons varied by location. Spring/fall
gasoline properties were derived from summer and winter fuels by interpolation. Gasolines in
Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands were assumed to be similar to gasolines in Collier County,
Florida. Details of how the fuel survey data were applied to individual States and counties are
described in the report, "National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year
County Database Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures to EPA" (ERG, 2003).
3.2.3.2 Diesel and Natural Gas
For diesel fuel and natural gas, the only fuel property stored is sulfur content, in the Diesel and
NaturalGas tables of the NCD, respectively.
3.2.3.2.1 Diesel Sulfur Contents for Onroad Vehicles
The preliminary 2002 NEI inventory used 500 ppm diesel sulfur content for onroad vehicles in
all counties. For the final 2002 NEI, OTAQ developed diesel sulfur content values for each State
based on 2000 January and July diesel fuel sulfur content data obtained for a number of survey
cities from the AAMA fuel surveys done each calendar year in the January and July (AAM,
2002).
The January sulfur data were applied in the winter months (December, January, and February)
and the July sulfur data were applied in the summer months (June, July, and August). For the
remaining months, the average of the January and July sulfur content values were applied.
Table 3-11 lists the diesel fuel survey cities and the 2000 winter and summer diesel sulfur values
obtained for these cities, along with the spring and fall sulfur values calculated from the winter
and summer data.
The method for mapping fuel values follows the basic procedure that EPA developed for
allocating RVP that is described in previous Trends/NEI report (EPA, 2004a). The method is
based on assigning a single set of monthly fuel sulfur data to each State, either from a single
survey city which represents the State or from the weighted average of nearby cities. The same
set of fuel values for the State is then assigned to every county in the State in the NCD.
Table 3-12 shows the weighting from each of the survey cities in a given State. Note that the
diesel fuel survey includes fewer cities than the Alliance gasoline surveys. Thus, there are
several surrogate city assignments from the original RVP work that have no matching surveyed
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city in the diesel sulfur data. In these cases, the average values from all of the surveyed cities
were used. These values are shown in Table 3-11 in the row labeled "Average US."
For example, Table 3-12 shows that two of the survey cities would be mapped to Alabama—city
2 (Atlanta) gets a weight of 3 and city 16 (Average U.S.) gets a weight of 1. Therefore,
Alabama's diesel sulfur would be calculated by the following equation:
((3 * Atlanta diesel sulfur content) + (1 * Average US diesel sulfur content))/(3+1)
The weight numbers were originally determined based on a list that OTAQ derived which
mapped Alliance survey cities to each non-attainment area in the country, as well as some
additional metropolitan areas. The weight for a given survey city was determined by adding up
the number of areas in the State that had that survey city mapped to it.
3.2.3.2.2	Diesel Sulfur Contents for Nonroad Vehicles
For nonroad engines in the preliminary 2002 NEI inventory , a diesel sulfur content of 2700 ppm
was modeled in all counties, except for California. In California, 120 ppm diesel sulfur content
was assumed for nonroad engines in all counties. The 2002 preliminary nonroad inventory was
based on an assumption that the diesel fuel used by all nonroad sources in a county would be the
same in terms of sulfur content. The version of NMIM used for the final 2002 NEI reflects a
difference in the sulfur content of diesel fuel used by recreational marine engines compared to the
sulfur content of diesel fuel used by other nonroad engines in the county. Diesel sulfur values by
category and by State are listed in Table 3-13. These values are based on the regulatory impact
analyses performed for the Clean Air Diesel Rule (EPA, 2004c).
3.2.3.2.3	Natural Gas Sulfur Content
The sulfur content of natural gas was assumed to be 30 ppm in both the preliminary and draft
versions of the 2002 NEI inventories.
3.2.4 Environmental Data
Environmental data are the parameters that affect emissions which are a property of the
environment in which the source is operated. The environmental parameters used in the
modeling of mobile sources are ambient temperature, humidity and altitude.
3.2.4.1 Temperature and Humidity
MOBILE6 allows daily temperatures to be supplied as either minimum and maximum
temperatures (as in MOBILE5) or as hourly average temperatures. However, since MOBILE6
calculates emissions separately for each hour of the day, user supplied minimum and maximum
temperatures are used to internally derive hourly temperatures, using a default diurnal
temperature profile, for use by MOBILE6. MOBILE6 also allows the entry of hourly relative
humidity levels. The NOx emission results from MOBILE6 are sensitive to humidity levels, and
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Table 3-11. Survey Cities and 2000 Diesel Sulfur Values
Survey
City Index

2000 Diesel Fuel Sulfur Content (ppm)
Survey City
Winter
Summer
Fall and Spring
1
Albuquerque, NM
330
300
315
2
Atlanta, GA
340
400
370
4
Billings, MT
330
300
315
5
Boston, MA
340
400
370
6
Chicago, IL
350
400
375
7
Cleveland, OH
320
300
310
9
Denver, CO
360
400
380
10
Detroit, Ml
350
400
375
11
Kansas City, MO
370
400
385
13
Los Angeles, CA
120
100
110
14
Miami, FL
360
400
380
15
Minneapolis/St. Paul
290
300
295
17
New York City, NY
340
300
320
18
Philadelphia, PA
280
300
290
21
San Antonio, TX
400
300
350
23
Seattle, WA
300
300
300
24
St. Louis, MO
320
300
310
All others
Average US
324
329
326
Table 3-12. City Mapping and Weights for Diesel Sulfur
State
Abbreviation
State FIPS
City Index
Weight
AL
1
2
3
AL
1
16
1
AK
2
26
2
AZ
4
19
1
AR
5
24
1
CA
6
13
5
CO
8
9
5
CT
9
5
2
CT
9
17
1
DE
10
18
2
DC
11
25
1
FL
12
14
3
GA
13
2
2
HI
15
27
1
ID
16
4
1
ID
16
23
1
IL
17
6
1
IL
17
24
1
IL
17
24
1
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Table 3-12 (continued)
State
Abbreviation
State FIPS
City Index
Weight
IN
18
6
1
IN
18
7
7
IA
19
15
1
KS
20
11
1
KY
21
2
1
KY
21
6
1
KY
21
7
6
KY
21
24
1
KY
21
28
1
LA
22
16
3
ME
23
5
6
ME
23
28
1
MD
24
18
2
MD
24
25
2
MA
25
5
5
Ml
26
10
4
MN
27
15
2
MS
28
24
1
MO
29
11
1
MO
29
24
1
MT
30
4
2
NE
31
11
1
NE
31
15
1
NV
32
12
1
NV
32
22
1
NH
33
5
3
NJ
34
17
1
NJ
34
18
2
NJ
34
28
1
NM
35
1
1
NY
36
17
2
NY
36
28
7
NC
37
2
5
ND
38
15
1
OH
39
7
10
OH
39
10
1
OH
39
28
1
OK
40
11
1
OK
40
24
1
OR
41
22
2
OR
41
23
2
PA
42
7
2
PA
42
18
2
PA
42
28
8
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Table 3-12 (continued)
State
Abbreviation
State FIPS
City Index
Weight
Rl
44
5
1
SC
45
2
5
SD
46
15
1
TN
47
2
4
TN
47
24
1
TX
48
1
1
TX
48
16
2
TX
48
16
2
TX
48
21
1
UT
49
9
2
VT
50
15
1
VA
51
2
2
VA
51
25
3
WA
53
23
4
WV
54
7
4
WV
54
28
3
Wl
55
6
4
Wl
55
15
7
WY
56
4
1
WY
56
9
1
PR
72
14
1
VI
78
14
1
Table 3-13. Nonroad Diesel Sulfur Levels by Category and by State
State
Land-Based Diesel
Equipment
Fuel Sulfur Level,
PPm
Recreational Marine
Diesel Equipment
Fuel Sulfur Level,
ppm
Alaska
2570
2570
California
120
120
Hawaii
2381
2421
All Other States
2457
2765
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hourly humidity levels are the most accurate way to represent daily humidity. Therefore, NMIM
requires that each county have both hourly average temperatures and hourly relative humidity
values for each month of the year.
Temperature and relative humidity are linked, since the value of relative humidity is in units of
percent, which depends on the temperature. The NCD contains a full set of default hourly
average temperatures and hourly relative humidity values for each county for each month. These
temperature and humidity values were derived from raw measurement data obtained from the
National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The NCDC data were obtained from stations of all
classifications, including First-Order (National Weather Service), Second-Order (both
Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) and Automated Weather Observing System
(AWOS)), and cooperative (local).
Population centroids (latitude and longitude) for each county were obtained from the 2000 U.S.
Census. Population, rather than geographic, centroids were used to provide a reasonable estimate
of where the county's vehicle miles traveled and nonroad activity would be concentrated. From
each county's centroid, EPA calculated the distance and direction to each weather station. The
distance was computed using the standard great circle navigation method and the constant course
direction was computed using the standard rhumb line method. A rhumb line is a line on a
sphere that cuts all meridians at the same angle; for example, the path taken by a ship or plane
that maintains a constant compass direction. For each of the eight compass directions (octant),
the stations were sorted by distance. The station closest to the centroid for each octant was
chosen for further processing. If the closest station was more than 200 miles away, that octant
was ignored. (Such situations occurred near the oceans and the along the Canadian and Mexican
borders.) The temperatures from these eight (or fewer) stations were then averaged together
using inverse-distance weighting to produce an average county temperature for each hour of the
day.
Relative humidity is a calculated value that depends on both temperature and dew point.
Average hourly dew points were computed employing the same octal search, inverse-distance
weighting scheme as used for temperature. The relative humidity was then computed from the
resulting hourly temperature and dew point pairs.
The daily temperature and dew point averages for each hour were then used to calculate adjusted
monthly averages for each hour. Because minimum and maximum temperatures occur at
different hours each day, the minimum of the hourly averages will be higher than the average of
the daily minima, and the daily maximum of the hourly averages will be lower than the average
of the daily maxima.
To avoid this narrowing of the daily temperature range, the monthly average of hourly
temperatures was assumed to capture the daily temporal pattern and was mathematically
stretched so that the low temperature equaled the monthly average of the daily minima and the
high temperature equals the monthly average of the daily maxima, producing a set of monthly
average hourly temperatures consistent with the maximum and minimum values. Not all stations
record hourly temperature values, so the subset of the stations which do record hourly
temperatures was used to determine the initial average temperatures in each hour for each month.
The same procedure was applied to the dewpoint values. An adjusted monthly average hourly
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relative humidity was then calculated from the adjusted monthly average hourly temperatures and
dewpoints.
The stretching algorithm used to produce the adjusted hourly temperatures and dewpoints using
the maximum, minimum and hourly values is shown here:
T = MinT + (t-mint)* [ (MaxT-MinT)/(maxt-mint)]
D = MinD + (d-mind) * [ (MaxD-MinD)/(maxd-mind) ]
where: T
t
MaxT
MinT
maxt
mint
D
d
MaxD
MinD
maxd
mind
The adjusted monthly average temperature for an hour in a month.
The average temperature for an hour in the month calculated from
the hourly point measurements taken at a fixed time each hour at
some stations.
The monthly average daily maximum temperature using all daily
maximum (peak) temperature reading from all stations.
The monthly average daily minimum temperature using all daily
minimum (peak) temperature reading from all stations.
The maximum monthly average hourly temperature calculated
from the maximum hourly point measurements taken at a fixed
time each hour at some stations.
The minimum monthly average hourly temperature calculated from
the minimum hourly point measurements taken at a fixed time each
hour at some stations.
The adjusted monthly average dewpoint for an hour in a month.
The average dewpoint for an hour in the month.
The monthly average daily maximum dewpoint.
The monthly average daily minimum dewpoint.
The maximum monthly average hourly dewpoint.
The minimum monthly average hourly dewpoint.
The determination of the default NMIM temperature and relative humidity values is discussed in
more detail in the report, "Derivation of By-Month, By-County, By-Hour Temperature and
Relative Humidity with Monthly Data," by Air Improvement Resources, Inc. (AIR, 2004).
EPA is confident that in most cases the default temperature and humidity values calculated from
the NCDC data will be the best values to use in the inventory calculations for each county.
However, EPA recognizes that there are circumstances under which these generic methods may
not provide the best estimate of temperature and humidity values for a county. These
circumstances include:
The use of more local temperature and humidity measurements that are not
provided to the NCDC.
Physical characteristics of the county (such as sea shores, valleys and sudden
changes in altitude) which make the centroid interpolation methodology used by
EPA inappropriate.
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In these cases, temperature and humidity values determined by S/L/T agencies may provide
better estimates of temperatures and humidity values.
3.2.4.2 Altitude and Barometric Pressure
MOBILE6 can calculate separate emission rates for high- and low-altitude regions. Low-altitude
emission factors are based on conditions representative of approximately 500 feet above mean
sea level. High-altitude factors are based on conditions representative of approximately 5,500
feet above mean sea level. When high-altitude region emission factors are requested, MOBILE6
also includes vehicles that were built to meet specific high-altitude emission standards. The
NCD contains an indication for each county as to whether the county should be modeled as a
high altitude area. The NCD assumes that all counties in Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico and
Utah (except Washington County) are high altitude areas.
When relative humidity inputs are used in MOBILE6, the user supplied relative humidity values
are converted to absolute humidity for use in adjustment equations. This conversion requires
values of temperature and barometric pressure. The barometric pressure is provided as a single
value in inches of mercury, with valid values between 13.0 and 33.0 inches of mercury. The
NCD has a barometric pressure value for each county.
The average barometric pressure value for each county was calculated for calendar year 2002
using the same octal-search, inverse-distance-squared scheme used to estimate the temperature
values (see Section 3.2.4.1). All available NCDC stations were used, which included 1st and 2nd
Order, AWOS, and ASOS stations. All barometric values averaged were station (actual)
pressures, NOT sea level adjusted pressures. In mountainous terrain, the station pressure can
vary considerably over relatively short distances due to elevation variations. Therefore, the
values supplied should be used with caution in those areas.
3.2.5 Nonroad-Specific Parameters
Temperature and fuel parameters are shared by the onroad and nonroad inventory estimates and
are addressed in sections 3.2.3 and 3.2.4. However, the NCD also contains fields that may be
populated with the file names of external data files containing State or county data specific to
nonroad. If alternate data files are not provided, NMIM uses the default NONROAD model data
files. The NONROAD external data files include:
•	Activity rates (including annual hours of use and load factor)
•	Temporal (monthly and daily) allocations
•	Source populations.
•	Growth indexes
•	Geographic allocations by equipment category
Many of the nonroad specific parameters are contained in the NONROAD model itself as
defaults. These values may change with different versions. The preliminary 2002 NEI results
used the draft 2002a version of the NONROAD model. The final 2002 NEI used the 2004n
version of NONROAD. Default values were used for all nonroad specific parameters in the
preliminary results. Default values were also used for nonroad specific parameters in the draft
results, except where changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies. Table 3-14 details the changes
provided by S/L/T agencies for use in NMIM for the final 2002 NEI.
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Table 3-14. Nonroad Specific Parameters Provided by State
State
Description
File Type
Colorado
Oil production equipment allocations.
oil
Delaware
Airport equipment allocations.
air
Delaware
Golf equipment allocations.
gc
Delaware
Household allocations.
hou
Delaware
Logging equipment allocations.
log
Delaware
Source populations.
pop
Delaware
Recreational vehicle park allocations.
rvp
Illinois
Nonroad activity
act
Illinois
Growth rates.
grw
Illinois
Source populations.
pop
Illinois
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Illinois
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Illinois
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Indiana
Nonroad activity
act
Indiana
Growth rates.
grw
Indiana
Source populations.
pop
Indiana
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Indiana
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Indiana
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Iowa
Nonroad activity
act
Iowa
Source populations.
pop
Iowa
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Iowa
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Iowa
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Michigan
Nonroad activity
act
Michigan
Growth rates.
grw
Michigan
Source populations.
pop
Michigan
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Michigan
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Michigan
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Minnesota
Nonroad activity
act
Minnesota
Growth rates.
grw
Minnesota
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Minnesota
Snowmobile allocations.
snm
Minnesota
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Minnesota
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Ohio
Nonroad activity
act
Ohio
Growth rates.
grw
Ohio
Source populations.
pop
Ohio
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Ohio
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Ohio
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Rhode Island
Source populations.
pop
Washington
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Washington
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
Wisconsin
Nonroad activity
act
Wisconsin
Growth rates.
grw
Wisconsin
Source populations.
pop
Wisconsin
Seasonal allocations.
sea
Wisconsin
Inboard watercraft allocations.
wib
Wisconsin
Outboard watercraft allocations.
wob
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3.2.6 Onroad Local Emission Control Programs
The following sections discuss several different onroad control programs that are modeled in
MOBILE6/NMIM. These include inspection and maintenance, anti-tampering, low emitting
vehicle, and refueling emission control (i.e., Stage II) programs.
3.2.6.1	Inspection and Maintenance Programs
MOBILE6 and NMIM account for local periodic inspection programs to identify and repair
vehicles in need of emission related repairs, typically known as inspection and maintenance (I/M)
programs. State and local agencies may supply an improved description of their I/M program.
See Section 6.0 of the report, "Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission
Inventory Preparation" for a discussion of I/M programs (EPA, 2004d).
MOBILE6 allows the description of the I/M program to be stored in an external ASCII text file,
rather than included in the input command file, using the I/M DESC FILE command. I/M
programs may require additional external data files which contain emission cutpoints used for
IM240 tailpipe emission inspections. NMIM uses these files in the same format as used by
MOBILE6. For the 2002 final NEI, the I/M program data submitted by State or local agencies to
reflect improvements to I/M programs are discussed in section 2.3.4 of this document..
3.2.6.2	Anti-Tampering Programs
Anti-tampering programs may be implemented by States or local areas, which involve periodic
inspections to visually identify and repair vehicles with disabled emission control systems.
Where they exist, MOBILE6 and the NCD account for these local programs. Section 6.12 of the
report, "Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation" also
discusses anti-tampering programs (EPA, 2004d).
Anti-tampering program information is provided to MOBILE6 using the ANTI-TAMP PROG
command. NMIM uses this information in the same format as used by MOBILE6, however, it is
stored in an external ASCII text file, rather than included in the input command file. The
external ASCII file may also contain comment records that comply with MOBILE6 rules. One or
more counties in the following States were modeled with an anti-tampering program in the 2002
final NEI: Arizona, Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Jersey, New York, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and Virginia.
3.2.6.3	Low Emitting Vehicle Programs
MOBILE6 already accounts for the federal national LEV program as part of the federal motor
vehicle emission compliance program. Some States have implemented an accelerated phase in
for LEV vehicles, and these local programs are accounted for in the NCD. State and local
agencies may supply an accelerated phase in for LEV vehicles or information to reflect
improvements to their programs. Section 7.4.1 of the report, "Technical Guidance on the Use of
MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation" addresses phase in for LEV vehicles (EPA,
2004d).
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The phase in for LEV vehicles is provided to MOBILE6 using an external ASCII text file using
the 94+ LDG IMP command. NMIM uses this file in the same format as used by MOBILE6.
For the final 2002 NEI, no State or local agencies submitted additional information to reflect an
alternate phase in for LEV vehicles.
3.2.6.4 Refueling Emission Control Programs
Stage II Gasoline Distribution encompasses the refueling of a vehicle at a gasoline service
station. According to the Clean Air Act, Section 182, areas with ozone nonattainment
classifications greater than Moderate were required to install vapor recovery systems at these
service stations. If installed and inspected annually, a minimum of 86 percent reduction
percentage can be applied to estimated emissions using uncontrolled emission factors. The
default emissions percentage is from the Control Techniques Guidance for Stage II Vapor
Recovery (EPA, 1991).
A list of counties with this regulation imposed were identified for the 1999 NEI via a literature
search, and is found in Table E-2 of Appendix E of the "Documentation for the Final 1999
Nonpoint Area Source National Emission Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Version 3)"
(EPA, 2003c). This list was used as the basis for the list of counties used for the 2002 NEI. A
copy of the list was sent to each of the ten EPA Regional offices for verification. The changes
suggested by the EPA Regions are listed below.
1.
Add all Vermont counties.
2.
Remove Shelby County (TN).
3.
Remove Kent and Queen Anne's Counties (MD).
4.
Add Berks County (PA).
5.
Remove all Colorado counties.
6.
Remove all Utah counties.
7.
Remove Maricopa County (AZ).
8.
Remove Amador, Calaveras, Colusa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Lake, Lassen,

Mariposa, Mendocino, Modoc, Siskiyou, Tehama and Trinity Counties (CA).
9.
Remove Thurston County (WA).
10.
Add Kitsap, King and Snohomish Counties (WA).
11.
Add Clackamas, Multnomah and Washington Counties (OR).
While compiling the list of applicable counties for the 1999 NEI, 14 States listed vapor recovery
emission reduction percentages in their State regulations greater than the default value. New
York provided a 90 percent reduction for ten counties, while the remaining 13 States provided a
95 percent reduction for 153 counties. The remaining 116 counties that have Stage II controls
either listed 86 percent as their reduction percentage or did not provide a reduction percentage (in
which case the 86 percent reduction was used as a default). New Jersey provided revisions to the
86 percent reduction effectiveness for the 2002 final NEI of 62 percent and 77 percent,
respectively. All of the counties added for the 2002 NEI assume 86 percent effectiveness, unless
other counties in that State already exist and have effectiveness values greater than 86 percent. In
these cases, the added counties take on the effectiveness of the other counties in the State. For
purposes of MOBILE6 modeling of Stage II controls, all counties were assumed to be completely
phased in by calendar year 2002 and that the effectiveness for Stage II was the same for gasoline
fueled light duty and heavy duty vehicles.
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Table A-l of Appendix A lists the resulting 274 counties with their assumed effectiveness
(refueling vapor loss emission reduction) values as used in the 2002 final NEI.
3.2.7 Onroad Fleet and Activity
Fleet and activity data refer to those parameters in the model which describe the type of vehicles
assumed in the fleet and their use by vehicle owners which impacts the calculation of emissions
from these sources. References to MOBILE6 in this section apply to NMIM as well, since
MOBILE6 is the underlying model in NMIM for onroad sources. Most of the onroad fleet and
activity information used in the NEI inventory are in the format specified by MOBILE6.
There are default values for all of the fleet and activity parameters in the MOBILE6 model based
on national averages and no input of these parameters is required to run the model. However,
alternate values which are more representative of the local fleet and local fleet activity may be
provided. More information about the scope and format of these alternate values are contained in
the document, "User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2, Mobile Source Emission Factor
Model" (EPA, 2003b). Guidance on how to obtain these values is contained in the report
"Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory Preparation" (EPA,
2004d).
3.2.7.1 Age Distribution
A typical vehicle fleet includes a mix of vehicles of different ages. MOBILE6 covers a 25-year
range of vehicle ages, with vehicles 25 years and older grouped together. If no alternate data are
supplied, MOBILE6 will use a set of default values for these distributions. The technical report,
"Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6" (EPA, 2001b), describes how these default values
were derived.
MOBILE6 allows the user to specify the fraction of vehicles in each of 25 vehicle ages for each
of the 16 vehicle classes (combined gasoline and diesel) in the model. This requires that an
external data file be provided containing the alternate values.
The NMIM model runs for the NEI all used the default MOBILE6 registration distribution,
except where alternate distributions were provided by S/L/T agencies. Age distributions were
provided for at least some counties in Arizona, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa,
Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode
Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin.
Table A-2 of Appendix A indicates which counties used default distributions and which counties
used S/L/T supplied distributions.
To determine whether the default MOBILE6 registration distribution would be appropriate to
apply in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, data available from Puerto Rico listing new vehicle
sales and the total number of vehicle registrations, both by model year, was examined and
compared to national trends in the United States. Table A-3 in Appendix A has the 25-year trend
of vehicle sales and registrations in Puerto Rico.
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Based on comparisons made between this list and the national trend, and without more specific
data, it was determined that the default MOBILE6 registration distribution would sufficiently
represent Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.
3.2.7.2	Diesel Sales Fractions
Within any vehicle class, diesel and gasoline vehicles have distinctly different emission rates.
Diesel fractions allow the model to separate gasoline and diesel vehicles within a vehicle class.
MOBILE6 includes default diesel sales fractions for 14 of the 16 composite vehicle classes - all
except urban/transit buses, which are assumed to be all diesel-fueled, and motorcycles, which are
assumed to be all gasoline-fueled. MOBILE6 projects future diesel fractions as constant
beginning with the 1996 model year. Users can enter alternative diesel fractions for these 14
vehicle classes for each of 25 vehicle ages in any calendar year. The derivation of the default
diesel sales fractions is found in the report "Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6" (EPA,
2001b).
The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding diesel sales
fractions by model year and vehicle type, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies.
Diesel sales fractions were provided for at least some counties in Arizona, Iowa, Maryland,
Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Texas and Virginia. Table A-4 presents the counties for
which alternate diesel sales fractions were provided.
3.2.7.3	Average Speeds
MOBILE6 uses VMT distribution over preselected average speed ranges. MOBILE6 calculates
these distributions for each of the 24 hours of the day and for freeways and arterials (producing
48 separate distributions, each containing 14 fractions). The data in this array only specify the
average speeds on the roadway types at a particular time of day. The data do not affect either the
hourly VMT distribution or the VMT distributions by facility type.
NMIM does not use the default average speed distributions found in MOBILE6. Instead a
separate single average speed is used, depending on the vehicle class and roadway type. Every
combination of vehicle class grouping and roadway type does not have an independent average
speed estimate.
There are four MOBILE6 roadway types: freeways, arterials, locals, and freeway ramps. The 12
roadway types shown in Table A-5 were assigned to one of these MOBILE6 roadway types based
on EPA guidance. The MOBILE6 freeway roadway type was assigned to rural interstates, urban
interstates, and urban other freeways and expressways. Each roadway assigned to the MOBILE6
freeway roadway type also assume that the average speed includes the effects of freeway ramps
and that ramps account for 8 percent of travel on these roadways. The MOBILE6 arterial
roadway type was assigned to rural other principal arterials, rural minor arterials, rural major
collectors, rural minor collectors, rural locals, urban other principal arterials, urban minor
arterials, and urban collectors. Urban local roadways are modeled using the "Local" roadway
category of MOBILE6, with an average speed of 12.9 mph. The average speed of this roadway
type cannot be varied, since the emission factors modeled on the MOBILE6 local roadway type
do not vary by average speed. The groupings of vehicle class groups and roadway types is
explained in more detail in Section 3.1 above.
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The default average speeds represent the average speeds that had been modeled nationally in
prior years of the Trends analysis. Table A-5 shows the default average speed used for each of
the 12 roadway types for each of the vehicle class groupings for the final 2002 NEI.
The final 2002 NEI used the same set of average speeds for each roadway type and vehicle class
grouping, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Average speed information was
provided for at least some counties in Delaware, District of Columbia, Iowa, Maryland, New
Jersey, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Utah, and Virginia. Table A-6 presents the counties for
which alternate average speed distributions were provided.
3.2.7.4	Annual Mileage Accumulation Rates
The annual mileage accumulation rate represents the total annual travel accumulated per vehicle
of a given age and individual vehicle class. Vehicles accumulate mileage at different rates
depending on the type and age of the vehicle. Trucks tend to be driven more miles per year than
cars. Older vehicles tend to be driven fewer miles per year than newer ones. Annual mileage
accumulation affects the rate at which vehicle emission controls deteriorate and affect the relative
emissions contributions of newer and older vehicles to fleet emissions. Vehicles with higher
total mileage accumulation will tend to have higher emission rates, however, older vehicles tend
to travel fewer miles each year. Annual mileage accumulation rates are also used in MOBILE6
to determine the daily vehicle miles traveled per vehicle. This estimate is used to convert daily
emissions in grams per day from engine starts, hot soaks, diurnal losses, resting losses and
refueling to units of grams per mile of vehicle travel.
The derivation of the default annual mileage accumulation rates is found in the report, "Fleet
Characterization Data for MOBILE6" (EPA, 2001b).
The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding annual
mileage accumulation rates by model year and vehicle class, except for the changes submitted by
S/L/T agencies. Only the State of New York provided alternate annual mileage accumulation
rates for use in NMIM.
3.2.7.5	Trips Per Day
The nearly uncontrolled exhaust emissions that occur immediately after a cold engine start can
account for a significant fraction of the emissions that occur during a vehicle trip. There will be
at least one engine start for each vehicle trip, so this parameter is also called starts per day. Only
light duty vehicles (passenger cars), light duty trucks and motorcycles account for engine starts
separately in MOBILE6. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses include the
effects of engine starts and the number of engine starts and the soak time distribution cannot be
changed by the user for these vehicle classes.
The derivation of the default values for the number of vehicle trips per day is found in the report
"Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions" (EPA, 2002b). Although MOBILE6 allows
the number of trips per day to vary by vehicle age, all default values are the same for all vehicle
ages.
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The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding vehicle trips
per day rates by vehicle class. No changes for light duty vehicles, light duty trucks or
motorcycles were submitted by S/L/T agencies.
3.2.7.6	Trip Length Distribution
Fuel evaporation occurs during trips due to the heating of the fuel system, especially including
the fuel tank. These emissions are affected by the length of time the vehicle has been in
operation. Longer trips mean more evaporative running loss emissions due to increased fuel
system temperatures. Only gasoline fueled vehicles (not including motorcycles) are affected by
the distribution of trip lengths in MOBILE6. Diesel vehicles and natural gas vehicles are
assumed to have negligible evaporative running loss emissions.
The derivation of the default values for the trip length distributions is found in the report "Trip
Length Activity Factors for Running Loss and Exhaust Running Emissions" (EPA, 2001c). The
same distribution of vehicle trip lengths is used for all vehicle classes for all hours of the day, for
both weekdays and weekend days.
The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the
trip length distributions, except for the changes submitted by S/L/T agencies. Trip length data
were provided for at least some counties in District of Columbia, Maryland, Texas, and Virginia.
Table A-7 lists the counties for which alternate trip length distributions were provided.
3.2.7.7	Hourly Distribution of Engine Starts
MOBILE6 distributes the daily number of engine starts across the hours of the day. The same
distribution is used for all vehicle classes, although there are different distributions for weekdays
and weekend days. Only light duty vehicles (passenger cars), light duty trucks and motorcycles
account for engine starts separately. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses
include engine starts and these emission rates are not affected by changes in the distribution of
engine starts across the hours of the day.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of engine starts across the hours of the
day is found in the report "Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions" (EPA, 2002b).
The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the
distribution of engine starts across the hours of the day, except for the changes submitted by
S/L/T agencies. Only the State of New York provided an alternate hourly distribution of engine
starts.
3.2.7.8	Hourly Distribution of Vehicle Miles Traveled
MOBILE6 distributes the estimate for daily vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day.
There are separate distributions for the freeway, arterial/collector and local roadway
classifications. The same distribution is used for all vehicle classes, although there are different
distributions for weekdays and weekend days.
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The derivation of the default values for the distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours
of the day is found in the report "Development of Methodology for Estimating VMT Weighting
by Facility Type" (EPA, 200Id).
The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default weekday MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the
distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day, except for the changes
submitted by S/L/T agencies. Hourly distributions for daily vehicle miles traveled were provided
for at least some counties in Illinois, New York, Texas, and Utah. Table A-8 lists the counties
which provided alternate distributions for vehicle miles traveled across the hours of the day.
3.2.7.9	Soak Time Distribution
Soak time is defined as the time between when the engine is turned off to the next time it is
restarted. The soak time can have a significant effect on the emissions associated with an engine
start. MOBILE6 contains default values for the distribution of the soak times before an engine
start by hour of the day. The same soak time distributions are applied to all vehicle classes and
all vehicle ages. Only light duty vehicles (passenger cars), light duty trucks and motorcycles
account for engine starts separately. The emission rates for heavy duty vehicles and buses
include engine starts and changing the soak time distribution does not affect their emissions.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of vehicle miles traveled across the hours
of the day is found in the report "Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions" (EPA,
2002b).
The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding soak times by
hour of the day. No changes for light duty vehicles, light duty trucks or motorcycles were
submitted by S/L/T agencies.
3.2.7.10	Diurnal Activity Distribution
While the engine is shut down (key off) and during times of day when the ambient temperature is
rising, fuel vapors will be driven off the vehicle from the increasing temperature of the fuel in the
tank and other locations on the vehicle. The ability of the vehicle emission control components
to adsorb these vapors depends on how long the vehicle has been subjected to diurnal emission
generation. The resulting hydrocarbon losses are referred to as diurnal emissions. If the vehicle
is restarted, the active emission control systems begin again and the full diurnal effect is
interrupted, resulting in fewer diurnal emissions. MOBILE6 contains default values for the
distribution of the diurnal soak time by hour of the day.
Only gasoline fueled vehicles are affected by the diurnal soak activity. Diesel vehicles and
natural gas vehicles are assumed to have negligible diurnal evaporative emissions. The same
distribution of diurnal soak times is used for all vehicle classes.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of diurnal soak activity across the hours
of the day is found in the report, "Soak Length Activity Factors for Diurnal Emissions" (EPA,
200 le).
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The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the
distribution of evaporative diurnal activity. No changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies.
3.2.7.11 Hot Soak Distribution
Immediately after an engine is shut down (key off), while the engine is still hot, fuel vapors in the
intake manifold and other locations in the fuel system are driven off the vehicle by the heat of the
engine. These hydrocarbon losses are referred to as hot soak emissions. If the vehicle is
restarted, the active emission control systems begin again and the full hot soak effect is
interrupted, resulting in fewer hot soak emissions. MOBILE6 contains default values for the
distribution of the hot soak time after an engine shut down by hour of the day. The actual
number of hot soaks that occur is a function of the number of engine starts per day that occur.
Changing the number of engine starts per day will automatically change the number of hot soaks
in a day. The number of engine starts (trips) per day is discussed in Section 3.2.7.5 above.
Only gasoline fueled vehicles are affected by the hot soak activity. Diesel vehicles and natural
gasoline vehicles are assumed to have negligible hot soak evaporative emissions. The same
distribution of hot soak times is used for all vehicle classes.
The derivation of the default values for the distribution of the hot soak time by hour of the day is
found in the report, "Soak Length Activity Factors for Hot Soak Emissions" (EPA, 200If).
The final 2002 NEI inventories used the default MOBILE6 assumptions regarding the
distribution of hot soak times. No changes were submitted by S/L/T agencies.
3.2.8 NMIM Toxic Emission Factors
The hazardous air pollutants for which inventories are produced by NMIM are listed in Table 3-4
above. The "six HAPs" are produced internally by MOBILE6. In all other cases, as indicated in
the "Pollutants" section above, HAP inventories were generated by ratios to various MOBILE6
and NONROAD outputs.
HAPs are estimated using data sources and methods developed for the 1999 NEI for HAPs,
version 3 (EPA, 2003d; EPA, 2004a), with some modifications, described below. NMIM does
not estimate HAP emissions for CNG engines.
HAPs are estimated in NMIM using one of three approaches:
1.	Gaseous HAPs - Apply toxic to VOC ratios to VOC estimates.
2.	Poly-Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - Apply toxic to PM10 ratios to PM10 estimates.
3.	Metals, Dioxins and Furans - For NONROAD, multiply HAP gram per gallon emission
factors by county level fuel consumption estimates. For MOBILE6, multiply HAP gram
per mile emission factors by county level VMT estimates.
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The NCD SCCToxics table provides a complete listing of toxic ratios and emission factors for all
SCCs and fuel combinations. The above approaches are described in more detail in the
following sections.
3.2.8.1 Gaseous HAPs
NMIM uses the toxic to VOC ratios described in the documentation for the 1999 NEI for HAPs,
version 3, and summarized in Volume 1, Appendix D, Table 1 (EPA, 2003d). Separate ratios are
used for evaporative and exhaust emissions for each of the following four categories of gasoline
blends:
1.	Baseline Gasoline. All cases that do not fall into categories 2-4 below. Ratios are in
variables "ExhBaseGas" and "EvapBaseGas" in the SCCToxics table.
2.	WO (Winter Oxygenate) Gasoline/ETBE - used where the fuel contains ethanol which is
greater than or equal to 5 percent by volume or ETBE greater than or equal to 5 percent
by volume. Ratios are in variables "ExhEthGas" and "EvapEthGas" in the SCCToxics
table.
3.	WO Gasoline/ethanol or MTBE/TAME - used where the fuel contains MTBE which is
greater than or equal to 12 percent by volume or TAME greater than or equal to
13 percent by volume. Ratios are in variables "ExhMTBEGas" and "EvapMTBEGas" in
the SCCToxics table.
4.	RFG/MTBE/TAME - Used where the fuel is RFG and where the fuel contains oxygenate
greater than 5 percent by volume and where the fuel contains MTBE which is less than
12 percent by volume or TAME less than 13 percent by volume. Ratios are in variables
"ExhRFGGas" and "EvapRFGGas" in the SCCToxics table.
It should be noted that NMIM uses a different set of criteria to determine which toxic to VOC
ratios to use than that used in the 1999 NEI final version 3 for HAPs. In the 1999 NEI inventory,
ratios for different fuel types were weighted according to whether the county participated in the
Federal or California Reformulated Gasoline Program or a winter oxygenated fuel program, and
the percentage of the year the county participated in these programs. For example, if a county
participated in the Federal Reformulated Gasoline Program for 4 months, the RFG/MTBE/
TAME fraction would be weighted by a factor of 0.33, and the baseline fraction by 0.67 to
develop a composite annual fraction, which would then be applied to VOC. This approach does
not adequately account for reformulated and oxygenated gasoline use outside counties
participating in the program, or use outside the fuel program season. One result is an
underestimate of the nonroad MTBE inventory. Thus, when comparing the unofficial NMIM
1999 estimates with those of the 1999 NEI, NMIM estimates for 1999 result in substantially
higher nationwide MTBE than those in the 1999 NEI for HAPs.
In some cases, HAP profiles for specific nonroad equipment and engine type combinations are
available. However, for many equipment/engine type combinations, no speciation data are
available. In such instances, default values for 2-stroke gasoline engines, 4-stroke gasoline
engines, and diesel engines are used. These default values represent an average fraction for
various equipment types within an engine category.
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3.2.8.2	PAHs
All PAHs emitted in exhaust are estimated as fractions of PM10, although the data used to
calculate mass ratios includes both gas and particle phase PAH emissions. The data used to
develop the PAH fractions are described in the documentation for the 1999 NEI for HAPs.
Evaporative naphthalene emissions from on-road vehicles is estimated as a fraction of VOC.
NMIM does not currently estimate evaporative naphthalene emissions for nonroad equipment.
3.2.8.3	Metals, Dioxins, and Furans
For metals, dioxins, and furans, NMIM estimates on-road emissions using g/mile emission
factors developed for the 1999 NEI for HAPs, version 3.
The approach used by NMIM to estimate nonroad county-level metal emissions differs in a
number of respects from the approach used in the 1999 NEI for HAPs, version 3. In the 1999
NEI, nationwide metal emissions for gasoline engines were obtained by applying a mass per
gallon emission factor by nationwide gasoline consumption from the NONROAD model. For
diesel engines, a mass per brake-horsepower emission factor was multiplied by nationwide
energy output. The resultant nationwide emission estimates were then spatially allocated to
counties relative to the county proportion of PM10 emissions compared to the national PM10
emissions, as obtained from the NONROAD model.
In contrast, NMIM multiplies mass per gallon emission factors for gasoline engines by county
level fuel consumption to obtain a county level inventory estimate. For diesel engines, mass per
brake horsepower emission factors were converted to mass per gallon emission factors using the
following equation:
grams per gallon = (micrograms per brake-horsepower hour (ijg/bhphr) * average fuel density
(lb/gallon))/fuel consumption per brake-horsepower hour (lb fuel/bhphr)*1,000,000
where:
average fuel density	=7.01 lb/gal
fuel consumption per brake horsepower hour = 0.408 lb for engines less than 100 hp
= 0.367 lb for engines greater than 100 hp
The fuel consumption per brake horsepower hour estimates are from the NONROAD model
(EPA, 2002c). The gram per gallon metal emission factors for gasoline and diesel engines are
contained in the NCD SCCToxics table.
Mass per gallon emission factors for dioxins and furans from nonroad engines were calculated by
multiplying the on-road vehicle emission factors in grams per mile by fleet average fuel economy
estimates. The assumed fuel economy for gasoline vehicles was 21.5 miles per gallon; for diesel
vehicles it was 7 miles per gallon. Resulting gram per gallon emission factors are contained in
the NCD SCCToxics table.
3.2.8.4	Revisions to NMIM Toxic Emission Factors
EPA also made some revisions to the NMIM toxic emission factors used for the preliminary
2002 NEI. There is no physical reason why evaporating gasoline would differ by SCC
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classification. However, factors for toxic compounds from evaporating gasoline for onroad and
nonroad sources often came from different sources. The following changes were made for the
final 2002 NEI to make the estimates for toxic compounds from evaporating gasoline consistent
across SCCs.
•	There were two different factors for 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane from evaporative gasoline.
The factor used for LDV was applied to all SCCs.
•	There were no factors for onroad Benzene in the table. The nonroad factors were applied
to onroad as well, although MOBILE6 actually generates the benzene emissions and does
not use the table.
•	There were no factors for Naphthalene from evaporative gasoline for nonroad. The factor
for onroad was applied to all nonroad SCCs.
•	There were two different factors for Ethyl Benzene, Hexane, Toluene, and Xylene from
evaporative gasoline. The factor for onroad for these pollutants was applied to all
nonroad SCCs as well.
The SCCToxics table also had several small errors in the factors used to generate toxic emission
rates from HC results. These were corrected to produce the values listed in Table 3-15.
Table 3-15. Updates to the SCCToxics Factors Evaporative Emissions (All SCCs)
Pollutant
Code
Toxic
Compound
Base
Gasoline
Gasoline
with Ethanol
Gasoline
with MTBE
Reformulated
Gasoline
540841
2,2,4-T rimethylpentane
0.0157667
0.0157667
0.0157667
0.0157667
71432
Benzene
0.0220
0.01254
0.01584
0.01584
100414
Ethyl Benzene
0.0077
0.0045
0.0063
0.0063
110543
Hexane
0.0234
0.0096
0.0087
0.0087
91203
Naphthalene
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
108883
Toluene
0.0413
0.0195
0.0276
0.0276
1330207
Xylene
0.0223
0.0119
0.0188
0.0188
3.2.9 Quality Assurance (QA) Procedures
The NCD was compiled using default data augmented with State data provided for the June 2004
CERR submittal in Access format. These data were reviewed and many of the data elements
were checked using a quality assurance program developed specifically for the NCD.
This quality assurance program includes a table in Microsoft Access (called tblQADefinitions)
listing the data elements to be checked from the following NCD tables: BaseYearVMT, County,
CountyMonthHour, CountyNRFile, CountyVMTMonthAllocation, CountyYear,
CountyYearMonth, Diesel, Gasoline, NaturalGas, State, and DataSource. For each of these
tables, the QA program lists the data fields that need to be reviewed. The QA program does
several different types of checks, depending on the type of field being evaluated. The
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tblQADefinitions table indicates whether individual field entries can be null, the minimum and
maximum string length of certain fields, the minimum and maximum allowable value of certain
fields, and checks on certain file naming conventions for some of the fields that include file
names. This table also lists the name of additional tables that contain the entire set of allowable
values for a given field.
As an example, for the BaseYearVMT table, the tblQADefinitions table indicates that the values
in the field Vclass must be able to be matched to the values for this field within another external
table called m6class which provides the allowable set of vehicle class codes. Similarly, the
RoadType, FIPSCountylD, FIPSStatelD, and DataSource fields in the BaseYearVMT table are
also referred to individual external tables containing the allowable set of codes for these
variables. The QA table also lists the allowable minimum and maximum length of each of these
variables. The field RoadType, for example, has both a minimum and maximum length of 2.
Therefore, any inputs to this field that do not have a length of 2 will produce error messages. As
another example, this QA table lists the maximum value of LDVStage2Percent (in table County)
as 100 and the minimum value as 0, while the field OzoneSeasonStartMonth in this same table
has a maximum allowable value of 12 and a minimum of 1.
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4.0	2002 ONROAD NEI DEVELOPMENT
4.1	HOW WAS NMIM RUN TO GENERATE A DEFAULT ONROAD
NEI?
For the 2002 onroad NEI Version 2, NMIM was run for all counties. The NCD used is
designated as NCD20050714, which includes the data provided by the States after they reviewed
the draft 2002 NEI (posted in February 2005). State-specific files that correspond to the updated
NCD are posted at EPA's web site at:
http://www.epa.gOv/ttn/chief/net/2002inventory.html#nmim. The version of the NMIM software
was NMIM20050429. The MOBILE model version was MOBILE6.2.03.
In cases where S/L/T agencies provided NIF data, including the PE table where VMT data are
stored, the NIF VMT data were converted to the NMIM BaseYearVMT table format. The NCD
was then updated with these VMT data before it was run. In this manner, onroad emissions from
all pollutants would be calculated using the same activity data, even if the S/L/T provided
emissions only for some of the pollutants. The conversion from the NIF to NMIM VMT formats
was performed in the manner discussed in Section 3.2.2 of this document for VMT provided at
the 12 vehicle type level of detail and then expanded to the 28 vehicle type level of detail.
4.2	HOW WERE NMIM EMISSIONS AND STATE DATA USED?
EPA accepted criteria and HAP annual emissions data from S/L/T agencies to replace the default
EPA estimates generated by NMIM. These were accepted for the draft version of the NEI even
in cases where the S/L/T agency had provided inputs to use for the default NMIM runs, since
State emissions data were determined to take precedence. However, when S/L/T agencies
provided NMIM inputs for the NEI Version 2, the NMIM-based emissions, incorporating the
S/L/T-supplied NMIM inputs, were included in the2002 NEI rather than the emissions data
submitted for the draft NEI. Emissions that were provided only for a single season or day were
not used. However, in the cases where emissions and VMT data were provided for all months or
seasons, the data were processed as needed to obtain annual emissions and VMT estimates.
Table 4-1 shows a summary by State that lists whether any emissions data were provided by
S/L/Ts that were included in the2002 NEI Version 2, what pollutants the submission covered,
and what data from the default NEI were used to gap-fill missing pollutants. The specific
augmentation procedures are described in Section 4.3. For a more detailed listing of the
emissions data received and the corrections and additions EPA made to the data submissions,
please see Appendix B.
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Table 4-1. Summary of Onroad S/L/T Emission Submittals and Data Allocation Procedures





Use NMIM Results
Allocation Procedures Applied
FIPS
State or State/County
S/L/T Provided
Number of
Pollutants
as Default Onroad
Vehicle
Road
Emission
Code
Name
Emissions?
SCCs
Submitted
Inventory
Type
Type
Process Type
01000
Alabama
Y
348
CAPs
for HAPs
Y


02000
Alaska
N


Y



04013
Arizona- Maricopa
V*


Y



04019
Arizona - Pima
Y
8
VOC, CO, NOx,
for PM25-PRI, NH3,
YY

Y




S02, PM10-PRI
HAPs



04000
Arizona
N


Y



05000
Arkansas
Y
8
CAPs
for HAPs
Y
Y
Y
06000
California
Y
CAPs: 31
CAPs and 32
for some HAPs
Y
Y
Y



HAPs: 27
HAPs




08000
Colorado
V*


Y



09000
Connecticut
Y
8
VOC, CO, NOx
forS02, PM10-PRI,
YY

Y





PM2.5-PRI, NH3,








HAPs



10000
Delaware
Y
492
CAPs and 50
for some HAPs







HAPs




11000
District of Columbia
N


Y



12103
Florida - Pinellas
Y
8
CAPs
for HAPs
Y
Y
Y
12000
Florida
N


Y



13xxx
Georgia -25-county Atlanta
Y
96
CAPs
for HAPs
Y

Y

area







13000
Georgia
Y
348
CAPs
for HAPs
Y


15000
Hawaii
N


Y



16000
Idaho
Y
48
VOC, CO, NOx,
for PM25-PRI,
Y

Y




S02, PM10-PRI,
some HAPs







NH3, 6 HAPs




17000
Illinois
Y
8
CAPs
for HAPs
Y
Y
Y
18000
Indiana
N


Y



19000
Iowa
V*


Y



20000
Kansas
N


Y



21111
Kentucky - Jefferson
Y
CAPs: 492
CAPs and 33
for some HAPs


HAPs



HAPs: 144
HAPs




21000
Kentucky
N


Y



22000
Louisiana
N


Y



23000
Maine - Penobscot Tribe
Y**
3
VOC, CO, NOx,








S02, PM10-PRI, 6
for PM25-PRI, NH3,







HAPs
some HAPs



23000
Maine
Y
492
CAPs
for HAPs



24000
Maryland
N


Y



25000
Massachusetts
Y
492
CAPs
for HAPs



26xxx
Michigan - 7 SEMCOG
Y
88
VOC, CO, NOx
forS02, PM10-PRI,
Y

Y

counties



PM25-PRI, NH3,








HAPs



26000
Michigan
N


Y



27000
Minnesota
V*


Y



28000
Mississippi
Y
348
CAPs
for HAPs
Y


29000
Missouri
Y
8
VOC, CO, NOx,
for HAPs, NH3
Y
Y
Y




S02, PM10-PRI,








PM25-PRI




30000
Montana
N


Y



31109
Nebraska - Lancaster
Y
8
CAPs
for HAPs
Y
Y
Y
31000
Nebraska
N


Y



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FIPS
Code
32003
32031
32000
33000
34000
35000
36000
37000
38000
39000
40000
41000
42000
72000
44000
45000
46000
47037
47065
47093
47157
47000
48000
49000
50000
51000
78000
53000
54000
55000
56000
Notes:
September 2007
Table 4-1 (continued)
State or State/County
Name
S/L/T Provided
Emissions?
Number of
SCCs
Pollutants
Submitted
Use NMIM Results Allocation Procedures Applied
as Default Onroad Vehicle Road Emission
Inventory	Type Type Process Type
Nevada- Clark
Y
492
CAPs
for HAPs
Nevada- Washoe
Y
Nevada
456
CAPs
for HAPs
New Hampshire
Y
New Jersey
New Mexico
Y
New York
492
CAPs
for HAPs
North Carolina
348
CAPs
for HAPs
North Dakota
Y
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Y
Pennsylvania
350
CAPs
for HAPs
VOC exhaust
and evap only
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Y
Tennessee - Davidson
VOC, CO, NOx,
SO,, PM10-PRI
for HAPs, PM25-
PRI, NH,
YY
Tennessee- Hamilton
Y
Tennessee- Knox
144
CAPs
for HAPs
Tennessee- Shelby
Y
Tennessee
144
CAPs
for HAPs
Y
Texas
576
CAPs
for HAPs
VOC exhaust
and evap only
Utah
96
CAPs, 6 HAPs
for some HAPs
Y
Vermont
VOC, CO, NOx,
S02, PM10-PRI,
NH,, 7 HAPs
for some HAPs
Y
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Y
Washington
492
CAPs, 50 HAPs
for some HAPs
West Virginia
348
CAPs
for HAPs
Wisconsin
Y
Wyoming
N
Y
*These S/L/T agencies provided emissions data for the draft NEI, but then supplied NMIM input data for the NEI Version 2 that superceded
the draft emissions data.
"Emissions data for the Penobscot Tribe in Maine were added to the NEI Version 2 as is for the 3 SCCs submitted. No emission allocation
procedures were applied to the Penobscot data.
'"Emissions from the 12-county Dallas, Texas area were those from the final NMIM run, including NMIM inputs supplied by Texas. CAP
emissions for the remainder of the State were taken from the Texas emission submittal for the draft NEI.
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4.3 WHAT AUGMENTATION PROCEDURES WERE USED FOR
STATE DATA?
4.3.1	Missing Pollutants
Of the S/L/T onroad emission submittals, most included all or some of the criteria pollutants, but
not HAPs. Several of the submittals included some, but not all of the HAPs generated by
NMIM. In cases where any of the pollutants that were included in the NMIM-generated onroad
emission inventory were not included in a S/L/T submittal, then the NMIM-generated emissions
from that pollutant were used. Because VMT and any other MOBILE/NMIM inputs submitted
by the S/L/T agencies were included in the NMIM runs, there is at least some consistency
between the emissions for the pollutants calculated using NMIM and the emissions for the
pollutants supplied by the S/L/Ts.
Due to the significant uncertainty of the arsenic and mercury emission factors for onroad
vehicles, emissions for these pollutants were not included in the 2002 NEI Version 2. Thus,
mercury and arsenic emissions were removed from any S/L/T emission inventory that included
these emissions (EPA, 2005b). For Version 3, mercury and arsenic were added. See section
2.4.3 for details.
Pollutants provided by the S/L/T agencies that were not in the list of pollutants generated by
NMIM were not retained in the 2002 onroad NEI Version 2.
4.3.2	SCC Allocations
For the 2002 NEI Version 2, EPA accepted the use of 492 unique onroad SCCs. The first seven
digits define the vehicle, with 12 possible codes. The eighth and ninth digits define the roadway
class, with 12 unique codes, and the final digit of the SCC defines the emission process. Table 4-
2 shows the allowable values for each of these three portions of the onroad SCCs. Note that for
diesel vehicle and trucks, the MOBILE model does not calculate any evaporative emissions.
Therefore, SCCs for diesel vehicles that end in "V" are not included in the allowable SCC list.
Also, only the particulates have brake and tire wear emissions so the endings "B" and "T" are
used only for PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI. Similarly, evaporative emissions occur only with VOC,
so the "V" is only used when the pollutant code is VOC. When S/L/T emission submissions did
not include the necessary level of detail, EPA developed procedures to allocate the emissions to
this set of SCCs. These allocation procedures are discussed below. Note that in some cases,
more than one of the allocations described below were applied.
4.3.2.1 Vehicle Type Allocations
Previous versions of the SCC list included only eight vehicle types. In this case, the five heavy
duty diesel vehicle types were replaced by a single vehicle type with an SCC starting with
"2230070". This code was included in many of the S/L/T submittals, but was not an allowable
code for the 2002 NEI. Therefore, EPA distributed the emissions submitted by the S/L/T
agencies that were coded with an SCC starting with "2230070" among the five heavy duty diesel
vehicle categories shown in Table 4-2 (SCCs starting with "2230071", "2230072", "2230073",
"2230074", and "2230075"). These allocations were performed based on the output of the
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NMIM runs. For each affected State, county, and pollutant combination, the corresponding
emissions from the NMIM outputs were totaled using the first six and last three digits of the SCC
to obtain the heavy duty diesel emission total (equivalent to an SCC code of "2230070"). The
ratio of the emissions from each of the five individual SCCs to the "2230070" total from the
NMIM runs was then calculated and this ratio was multiplied by the State/county/pollutant
emissions from the S/L/T submittal to obtain five new emission records, representing each of the
five heavy duty diesel vehicles.
There were also several submittals that did not include any vehicle type information in the SCCs
(e.g., the third through seventh digits of the SCCs were filled in with "00000" or "XXXXX".
The same ratio method, based on emissions calculated by NMIM, was used to allocate these
emissions among the 12 vehicle categories. However, in this case, the NMIM emissions were
totaled using only the last three digits of the SCC. For each record in the S/L/T submittal, 12
new records replaced it with the appropriate vehicle type code included in the SCC.
4.3.2.2	Road Type Allocations
Some of the S/L/T submittals used the code "00" for the roadway type portion of the SCC code
(the eighth and ninth digits). To allocate these emissions by road type, a similar procedure was
followed as discussed above for the heavy duty diesel allocations. Again, the allocations to road
type were made based on ratios obtained from the NMIM-generated emission inventory. For
each affected State, county, and pollutant combination, the corresponding emissions from the
NMIM outputs were totaled using the first seven and last one digit of the SCC to obtain the
vehicle/emission process emission total. The ratio of the emissions from each of the 12
individual SCCs that included the roadway type code to the vehicle/emission process emission
total from the NMIM runs was then calculated and this ratio was multiplied by the
State/county/pollutant emissions from the S/L/T submittal to obtain 12 new emission records,
representing each of the 12 roadway types.
4.3.2.3	Exhaust/Evaporative/Tire/Brake Allocations
There were a number of cases where the S/L/T submittals included a "0" in the last digit of the
onroad SCC, indicating the total of all emission processes. However, for VOC and some of the
HAPs, the breakdown between exhaust and evaporative emissions is needed. In addition, the
PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI emissions need to be broken down by exhaust, brake wear, and tire
wear. For all pollutants other than VOC, the HAPs with an evaporative component, PM10-PRI,
and PM25-PRI, EPA replaced the final digit of the SCC with "X" to indicate exhaust emissions.
The allocation between exhaust and evaporative emissions for VOC and the HAPs as well as the
allocation to exhaust, brake wear, and tire wear for PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI were both
calculated separately using a ratio method based on the NMIM-generated emissions output. For
these State/county/pollutant combinations, emissions from the NMIM-generated inventory were
totaled for the first nine digits of the SCC. Ratios between these totals and the corresponding
State/county/pollutant/10-digit SCC emissions were calculated and then multiplied by the State-
provided emission values to create two new emission records for VOC and the HAPs and three
new emission records for PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI at the 10-digit SCC level of detail.
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4.3.2.4 Ammonia Allocations
Several States in the central United States provided only ammonia emissions for onroad vehicles.
These were emissions prepared by the Central Regional Air Planning Association (CENRAP). In
these cases, the ammonia emissions were coded only as a county level total either for all vehicles
combined or as a gasoline total and a diesel total. Again, EPA employed a ratio method to
allocate these emissions to the 144 ammonia SCCs for each county. Ammonia emissions from
the NMIM output were totaled by county or by county/fuel type for these States and then the
ratios from each of the 144 SCCs to the total were calculated. The resulting ratios were
multiplied by the county-level or county/fuel type-level ammonia emissions supplied by the
States to yield a 144 SCC emission data set for each county in these States.
4.3.3 Estimating Annual Emissions
Most S/L/Ts provided estimates that represented annual 2002 emissions. Where seasonal or
monthly emission estimates supplied by S/L/Ts could be summed together to generate an annual
inventory, this calculation was performed. Seasonal, monthly, or daily emission estimates
provided by S/L/Ts were not retained in the NEI Version 2.
4.4 QA PROCEDURES
4.4.1	Models
NMIM has been tested to ensure that the MOBILE6 input files it generates are correct, that it
reads the NCD properly, and that its output files properly read and process the MOBILE6 output
files. MOBILE6.2.03 has been peer reviewed and publically released.
4.4.2	NMIM County Database
The NCD has been undergoing review ever since it was developed. The database was assembled
by Eastern Research Group under contract to OTAQ and included significant QA effort, as
documented in "National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year County
Database Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures" (EPA, 2003e). The NCD was
subsequently quality checked by Pechan under contract to OTAQ, as documented in
"Comparison of NMIM County Database to NEI Modeling, Final Report" (EPA, 2003f). States
most recently reviewed the data in the NCD posted for NEI 2002 vl and provided corrections,
which, except for fuels, have been incorporated into the database. For more information on the
NCD, see Section 3.2.
4.4.3	Completeness Checks
EPA checked that data for all county-month combinations were generated by the NMIM run.
Since the NMIM MOBILE6 runs are always executed in county-month combinations, the
presence in the output data of all county-month combinations indicates that all MOBILE6 runs
completed and that NMIM processed them.
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4.4.4 Comparison of the Draft 2002 NEI with Preliminary 2002 NEI
Comparison of the draft with the preliminary NEI was performed with the expectation that most
changes would be small and that the direction and magnitude of the larger changes would be
consistent with the changes in the NCD and/or methodology. The VMT nationally was
0.7 percent higher, with only Nevada and North Carolina showing decreases greater than five
percent and only New York and Florida showing increases greater than five percent. The source
of VMT changes between the two inventories was State submitted data. For national pollutant
totals, only MTBE and S02 showed decreases greater than five percent, and only NOx and
dibenzo(a,h)anthracene showed increases of greater than five percent. MTBE decreased because
of more accurate gasoline fuels data. S02 decreased because of more accurate diesel sulfur data.
NOx increased because of including relative humidity in the NCD, whereas the MOBILE6 default
(75 grains per pound of dry air) was used previously. Actual humidities tend to be lower than
this default, producing higher NOx emissions. The dibenzo(a,h)anthracene increase was an
artifact that resulted from extremely low emissions and limited precision in the preliminary NEI
database.
4.5 NOTES
Local data collection efforts by States are uneven.
For the Pima County, Arizona submittal, the emissions of CO, NOx, PM10-PRI, S02, VOC were
reported as daily emissions (Emission Type =27), not total seasonal emissions, but with start and
end dates covering three seasons making up the entire year. Therefore, emissions for these
pollutants are reported incorrectly in the 2002 NEI Version 2. Emissions should have first been
calculated as total emissions for each season before summing to obtain annual emissions.
However, preliminary checks on this indicate that the magnitude of the starting emissions are not
truly daily lbs, either.
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Table 4-2. SCCs Included in Onroad Inventory

Applicable


see
Portion of
Portion that SCC

Digits
SCC Code
Describes
Description
1 - 7
2201001
Vehicle type
Light-duty gasoline vehicles (passenger cars)



Light-duty gasoline trucks 1 (0-6,000 pounds (lbs) gross vehicle
1 - 7
2201020
Vehicle type
weight rating [GVWR])
1 - 7
2201040
Vehicle type
Light-duty gasoline trucks 2 (6,001-8,500 lbs GVWR)
1 - 7
2201070
Vehicle type
Heavy-duty gasoline vehicles (> 8,500 lbs GVWR)
1 - 7
2201080
Vehicle type
Motorcycles (gasoline)
1 - 7
2230001
Vehicle type
Light-duty diesel vehicles (passenger cars)
1 - 7
2230060
Vehicle type
Light-duty diesel trucks (0-8,500 lbs GVWR)
1 - 7
2230071
Vehicle type
Class 2b heavy-duty diesel vehicles (8,501-10,000 lbs GVWR)



Class 3, 4, and 5 heavy-duty diesel vehicles (10,001-19,500 lbs
1 - 7
2230072
Vehicle type
GVWR)



Class 6 and 7 heavy-duty diesel vehicles (19,501-33,000 lbs
1 - 7
2230073
Vehicle type
GVWR)
1 - 7
2230074
Vehicle type
Class 8 heavy-duty diesel vehicles (> 33,000 lbs GVWR)
1 - 7
2230075
Vehicle type
Diesel buses
8 - 9
11
Roadway type
Rural interstates
8 - 9
13
Roadway type
Rural other principal arterials
8 - 9
15
Roadway type
Rural minor arterials
8 - 9
17
Roadway type
Rural major collectors
8 - 9
19
Roadway type
Rural minor collectors
8 - 9
21
Roadway type
Rural locals
8 - 9
23
Roadway type
Urban interstates
8 - 9
25
Roadway type
Urban other freeways and expressways
8 - 9
27
Roadway type
Urban other principal arterials
8 - 9
29
Roadway type
Urban minor arterials
8 - 9
31
Roadway type
Urban collectors
8 - 9
33
Roadway type
Urban locals
10
X
Emission process
Exhaust
10
V
Emission process
Evaporative
10
B
Emission process
Brake wear
10
T
Emission process
Tire wear
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5.0	2002 NONROAD NEI DEVELOPMENT
5.1	HOW WAS NMIM RUN TO GENERATE A DEFAULT NONROAD
NEI?
For the 2002 nonroad NEI Version 2, NMIM was run for all counties. The NCD used is
designated as NCD20050714, which includes the data provided by the States after reviewing the
draft 2002 NEI (posted in February 2005). The specific State-submitted data related to nonroad
activity parameters used for the NONROAD/NMIM runs is described in detail in Chapter 3,
Section 3.2.5. The version of the NMIM software was NMIM20050429. The NONROAD
Model version was NR04N, which is functionally the same as the publically released Draft
NONROAD2004. It contains a change to handle two separate nonroad diesel sulfur levels, one
for nonroad's pleasure craft segment and one for all other equipment.
5.2 HOW WERE NMIM EMISSIONS AND S/L/T DATA USED?
EPA accepted criteria and HAP annual emissions data from S/L/T agencies to replace the default
EPA estimates. These were accepted even in cases where the S/L/T agencies had provided inputs
to use for the default NMIM runs, since these S/L/T emissions data were determined to take
precedence. Emissions that were provided only for a single season or day were not used.
Table 5-1 shows a summary by State that lists whether any emissions data were provided by
S/L/T agencies, what pollutants the submission covered, and what data from the default NEI
were used to gap-fill missing pollutants. The specific augmentation procedures are described in
Section 5.3. For a more detailed listing of the emissions data received and the corrections and
additions EPA made to the data submissions, including additional comments/submissions for the
Version 2 NEI, please see Appendix C.
5.3 WHAT AUGMENTATION PROCEDURES WERE USED FOR
STATE DATA?
5.3.1 Missing Pollutants
Many S/L/T agencies provided the complete suite of pollutants generated from NONROAD,
including VOC, NOx, CO, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, and S02. However, several States did not
provide estimates for NH3 or HAPs. Because NMIM generates estimates for these pollutants,
EPA augmented the State-supplied inventories when any of these pollutants were missing. This
procedure was performed by matching on the existing State-supplied county/SCC combinations
so as not to add additional records that reflect a different county/SCC distribution than the State
intended. It should be noted that zero emission numeric value records that existed in EPA's
default NMIM data set were added to the draft NEI. These zero value records may be removed
for the final NEI for space considerations.
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Table 5-1. Summary of NONROAD Model S/L Submittals and Data Augmentation Procedures
FIPS
Code
State or State/County
Name
State Provided
Emissions?
Number
of
SCCs
Pollutants
Use NMIM Results
as Default
NONROAD Model
Inventory
CAPs to
Augment
HA Ps to Augment
01000
Alabama
Y
196
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
02000
Alaska
N


Y


04013
Arizona- Maricopa
Y
216
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
04000
Arizona
N


Y


05000
Arkansas
Y
193
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
06000
California
Y
30
CAPs only, no NH3

nh3
All HAPs
08000
Colorado*
Y
214
CAPs only
Y
None
All HAPs
09000
Connecticut
N


Y


10000
Delaware
Y
214
CAPs and HAPs

None
None
11000
District of Columbia
N


Y


12000
Florida
N


Y


13000
Georgia
Y
200
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
15000
Hawaii
N


Y


16000
Idaho
Y
199
CAPs only, no S02 or
nh3

S02 and NH3
All HAPs
17000
Illinois*
Y
214
CAPs only
Y
None
All HAPs
18000
Indiana
N


Y


19000
Iowa*
Y
90
NH3 only
Y


20000
Kansas
Y
106
NH3 only
Y


21000
Kentucky
N


Y


21111
Kentucky -
Jefferson Cty
Y
185
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
22000
Louisiana
Y
91
NH3 only
Y


23000
Maine
Y
214
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
24000
Maryland
Y
207
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
25000
Massachusetts
N


Y


26000
Michigan*
Y
214
CAPs only
Y


27000
Minnesota
Y
128
NH3 only
Y


28000
Mississippi
Y
192
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
29000
Missouri
Y
121
NH3 only
Y


30000
Montana
N


Y


31000
Nebraska
Y
1
CAPs only, no NH3
Y


32000
Nevada
Y
185
CO, NOX, PM-PRI

VOC, S02,
nh3

32003
Nevada- Clark
Y
183
CAPs only, no NH3

nh3
All HAPs
32031
Nevada- Washoe
N


Y


33000
New Hampshire
Y
6
CAPs and HAPs


Some HAPs
34000
New Jersey
Y
216
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
35000
New Mexico
N


Y


36000
New York
Y
214
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
37000
North Carolina
Y
201
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
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Table 5-1 (continued)
FIPS
Code
State or State/County
Name
State Provided
Emissions?
Number
of
SCCs
Pollutants
Use NMIM Results
as Default
NONROAD Model
Inventory
CAPs to
Augment
HA Ps to Augment
38000
North Dakota
N


Y


39000
Ohio*
N


Y


40000
Oklahoma
N


Y


41000
Oregon
Y
38
CAPs and HAPs, no
nh3

nh3
Some HAPs
42000
Pennsylvania
Y
214
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
72000
Puerto Rico
N


Y


44000
Rhode Island
N


Y


45000
South Carolina
N


Y


46000
South Dakota
N


Y


47000
Tennessee
Y
201
CAPs only, no NH3

nh3
All HAPs
47037
Tennessee -
Davidson Cty (Nashville)
Y
192
CAPs only, no NH3

nh3
All HAPs
47065
Tennessee- Hamilton
N


Y


47093
Tennessee- Knox
N


Y


47157
Tennessee- Shelby
N


Y


48000
Texas
Y
219
CAPs only

None
All HAPs
49000
Utah*
Y
214
CAPs no NH3
Y
nh3
All HAPs
50000
Vermont
N


Y


51000
Virginia
Y
214
VOC, NOX, CO
(summer day
emissions)
Y


78000
Virgin Islands
N


Y


53000
Washington
Y
214
CAPs and HAPs

None
Some HAPs
53033
Washington- King
N


Y


53035
Washington- Kitsap
N


Y


53053
Washington- Pierce
N


Y


53061
Washington- Snohomish
N


Y


54000
West Virginia
Y
193
CAPs only, PM-PRI
only

None
All HAPs
55000
Wisconsin*
N


Y


56000
Wyoming
N


Y


'States with an asterisk provided emissions for the draft NEI or Version 2 NEI, but requested that their inventories be based on EPA's NMIM results for
the NEI Version 2.
NOTE: For a summary of Tribal data incorporated, see Appendix C.
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Several S/L/Ts provided PM10-PRI but not PM25-PRI. Instead of using the above procedure
where the missing pollutants were augmented from the NMIM results, EPA estimated the PM25-
PRI based on their PM10-PRI estimates. This would remove the possibility that PM25 estimates
inconsistent with PM10 estimates would be larger than PM10 estimates. EPA used the particle-
sized distributions available from NONROAD that vary based on fuel/engine type as follows:
Engine Type
PM2.5/PM10 Particle Size Multiplier
2-stroke/4-stroke gasoline
0.92
LPG/CNG
1.0
Diesel
0.97
Due to the significant uncertainty of the arsenic and mercury emission factors for nonroad
vehicles, emissions for these pollutants were not included in the Version 2 2002 NEI. Thus,
mercury and arsenic emissions were removed from any S/L/T emission inventory that included
these emissions (EPA, 2005b). For Version 3, mercury and arsenic were added. See section
2.4.3 for details.
5.3.2	SCC Detail
The NONROAD model/NMIM provides emission estimates at the 10-digit SCC level of detail
(representing specific applications within broader nonroad categories). Some States provided
emission estimates that represented a more aggregate emission estimate [e.g., SCCs
corresponding to 7-digit or 4-digit level of detail, which are generally category or engine level
estimates]. To place these emission estimates on a consistent basis with the rest of the inventory,
EPA estimated the distribution of emissions at the 10-digit level. This was performed by
calculating the ratio of the 10-digit SCC emission estimate to the 7-digit or 4-digit emission
estimates reported for these States in the default inventory. This ratio was them multiplied by the
appropriate State-supplied emission estimates. This was done for all States that supplied these
more aggregate data, except for California. Because California uses their own model
(OFFROAD), EPA is not able to easily match all SCCs and allocate the California estimates
using NONROAD model default estimates.
5.3.3	Estimating Annual Emissions
Most S/L/T agencies provided estimates that represented annual 2002 emissions. Where
seasonal emission estimates supplied could be summed together to generate an annual inventory,
this calculation was performed. Seasonal, monthly, or daily emission estimates provided by
S/L/T agencies were not retained in the draft NEI.
5.4 QA PROCEDURES
5.4.1 Models
NMIM has been tested to ensure that the NONROAD option ("opt") files it generates are correct,
that it reads the NCD properly, and that it properly reads and processes the NONROAD output
files. Draft NONROAD2004 has been peer reviewed and publically released.
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5.4.2	NMIM County Database
The NCD has been undergoing review ever since it was developed. The database was assembled
by Eastern Research Group under contract to OTAQ and included significant QA effort, as
documented in "National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year County
Database Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures" (EPA, 2003e). The database was
subsequently quality checked by Pechan under contract to OTAQ, as documented in
"Comparison of NMIM County Database to NEI Modeling, Final Report" (EPA, 2003f). S/L/T
agencies most recently reviewed the data in the NCD posted for NEI 2002 vl and provided
corrections, which, except for fuels, have been incorporated into the database. For more
information on the NCD, see Section 3.2.
5.4.3	Completeness Checks
EPA checked that all county-month combinations were generated. Since the NMIM NONROAD
runs are always executed in county-month combinations, the presence in the output data of all
county-month combinations indicates that all NONROAD runs were completed and that NMIM
processed them.
5.4.4	Comparison with Preliminary 2002 NEI
Comparison of EPA's default 2002 draft NEI with the preliminary NEI was performed with the
expectation that most changes would be small and that the direction and magnitude of the larger
changes would be consistent with the changes in the NCD and/or methodology. The major
differences are due to changes in the NONROAD Model between the preliminary 2002 NEI and
the 2002 draft NEI, and the emissions differences are consistent with the changes in the model.
Diesel recreational marine populations and horsepower increased significantly, explaining large
increases in PM, VOC and the HAPs (which are calculated as ratios to PM and VOC) for those
SCCs. Gasoline recreational equipment PM increased due to increased emission factors for
ATVs and motorcycles. Drops in S02 and NH3 are explained by large decreases in BSFC for the
same two recreational equipment categories.
5.4.5	Quality Assurance of NIF3.0 Format
Upon receipt of State data, EPA ran the QA Checker Program on the NIF3.0 files. Errors
identified by the program including invalid NIF3.0 codes and referential integrity were corrected
and confirmed as necessary with the appropriate S/L/T contact.
During the data augmentation with the default NMIM data, Pechan prepared record counts of
pollutant codes by FIPS and SCC, to ensure that augmentation procedures were performed
correctly. Pechan also prepared crosstab comparisons of the State data before and after data
augmentation to check that data not being augmented was not changed during the process.
Pechan then ran EPA's QA Checker to identify and resolve any additional errors in the final
State-specific databases.
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5.5 NOTES
In developing the 2002 nonroad NEI Version 2, several procedures were followed that are noted
below due to the limitations inherent in these procedures.
•	Missing pollutant emissions data were added to S/L/T submissions that may represent
estimates on a different activity basis than the S/L/T-supplied estimates. This may
especially be the case for HAP estimates added to inventories that only included criteria
emissions.
•	SCCs that were provided in the S/L/T submissions that were not included in EPA's
inventory were kept in the final State-specific databases. As such these could not be
augmented with missing data for most pollutants, except for PM25-PRI.
•	Emissions for Clifton Forge City, Virginia (FIPS code 51560) are reported by EPA's
NMIM/NONROAD. This county FIPS is no longer valid, and the results for this county
were combined with emissions reported in Allegheny County, Virginia (FIPS code
51005).
•	In 2001, the State of Colorado created Broomfield County (FIPS code 08014) from areas
within four counties (Adams, Boulder, Jefferson, and Weld) that contained the City of
Broomfield. The portion of the population in the City of Broomfield that was part of each
of these counties was obtained and used to estimate the 2002 Broomfield County
emissions from the 2002 NMIM/NONROAD results (since NONROAD does not reflect
Broomfield county).
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6.0	2002 MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING NEI
This section describes how Stage II emission estimates related to onroad mobile and nonroad
mobile refueling were estimated, and how they were reported in the 2002 NEI. No updates were
made to the Stage II emissions reported in the draft NEI for the final 2002 NEI.
6.1	HOW WERE STAGE II ONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS
DEVELOPED?
The EPA developed onroad Stage II refueling emission estimates for VOC, benzene, and MTBE
based on the results of the draft NEI 2002 NMIM runs. These estimates were not updated for
Version 3. NMIM/MOBILE6 calculates Stage II emissions using a base uncontrolled
displacement emission factor of 5.46 grams/gallon HC, and a base uncontrolled spillage EF is
0.31 grams/gallon HC. These emission factors are then adjusted for temperature and RVP, and
are converted from HC to VOC within MOBILE6. For a description of the counties with Stage II
control programs, as well as the assumed control efficiency for the program, see section 3.2.6.4.
For several other HAPs, EPA applied national HAP speciation profiles to the VOC emission
estimates from NMIM. These HAPs are listed in Table 6-1, along with their emission factors
(MACTEC, 2004).
Table 6-1. Stage II HAP Speciation Profiles Applied to VOC Emissions
Pollutant
Emission Factor
2,2,4-T rimethylpentane
0.827% of VOC
Cumene
0.01% of VOC
Ethyl Benzene
0.138% of VOC
Hexane
1.589% of VOC
Naphthalene
0.046% of VOC
Toluene
1.290% of VOC
Xylenes
0.530% of VOC
6.2 HOW WERE STAGE II NONROAD REFUELING EMISSIONS
DEVELOPED?
NMIM/NONROAD accounts for refueling emissions from nonroad equipment under two
separate components, vapor displacement and spillage. The procedures that NONROAD uses to
estimate refueling emissions are documented in the EPA report, "Refueling Emissions for
Nonroad Engine Modeling" (EPA, 2004e). For both spillage and vapor displacement,
NONROAD incorporates emission factor values in terms of grams of emissions per gallon of
fuel consumed. Fuel consumption is then used to calculate total emissions based on the g/gal
emissions factors. Nonroad equipment may be fueled from a gasoline pump or a portable
container. Stage II nonroad emissions are associated with nonroad equipment being filled
directly at the gasoline pumps. Because the different refueling modes result in different
emissions, NONROAD includes assumptions concerning which equipment will be refueled
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predominantly using a gasoline pump and which will be refueled predominantly from a portable
container. In general, gasoline-powered equipment with larger horsepower engines are fueled at
the pump while equipment with smaller horsepower engines are fueled with a container. Both
Stage II and portable fuel container components may be included in the SCC-level vapor
displacement and spillage emissions output of NMIM (depending on the SCC). As such, Stage II
emissions were not subtracted out of the NONROAD model emission estimates and unlike Stage
II onroad emissions, were not reported as part of the area source inventory.
6.3 REPORTING OF MOBILE STAGE II REFUELING
Nonroad Stage II emissions were included in all relevant nonroad gasoline SCCs that have
engines assumed to be refueled at a gasoline pump. Onroad Stage II emissions are reported
under the SCC 22501060100 (Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage, Gasoline Service
Stations, Stage 2: Total) in the non-point source inventory. It should be noted that Stage II
vehicle refueling emissions may also be reported in the point source inventory under the
following SCCs:
Point Source SCCs
Description
40600401
Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls
40600402
Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Liquid Spill Loss w/o Controls
40600403
Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls
40600499
Filling Vehicle Gas Tanks - Stage II, Not Classified **
40600601
Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/o Controls
40600602
Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Liquid Spill Loss w/o Controls
40600603
Consumer (Corporate) Fleet Refueling - Stage II, Vapor Loss w/ Controls
6.4 QA PROCEDURES
Spot checks were performed of the onroad Stage II HAP emission estimates developed using the
speciation profiles listed in Table 6-1. In addition, onroad Stage II emissions are currently
undergoing S/L/T review, facilitated by emission summaries that compare the newly-developed
Stage II emissions to the draft NEI emission estimates. These comparisons are likely to result in
changes and/or corrections to the final NEI estimates for this category. Nonroad Stage II
emissions would have been subject to the same QA procedures as NONROAD model exhaust
and evaporative emission estimates (described in Section 5.4).
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7.0 REFERENCES
AAM, 2002: North American Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Survey. Alliance of Automobile
Manufacturers, Washington, DC. 2002.
AAMA, 1992: North American Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Survey. American Automobile
Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC. 1992.
AIR, 2004: "Derivation of By-Month, By-County, By-Hour Temperature and Relative Humidity
with Monthly Data," by Air Improvement Resources, Inc., December 8, 2004.
BOC, 2004a: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, Population Estimates, Subcounty
population dataset, downloaded at
http://www.census.gOv/popest/archives/2000s/vintage_2002/SUB-EST2002/SUB-
EST2002-ST.txt (downloaded September 2004).
BOC, 2004b: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data, Table
P2 Urban and Rural Population, data tables downloaded from
http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/2001/sumfilel .html (downloaded September
2004).
EPA, 1990: "The 1985 NAPAP Emissions Inventory: Development of Temporal Allocation
Factors," EPA-600/7-89-010d, Air & Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. April 1990.
EPA, 1991: "Technical Guidance - Stage II Vapor Recovery Systems for Control of Vehicle
Refueling Emissions at Gasoline Dispensing Facilities, Volume I: Chapters."
EPA-450/3-91-022a. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. November 1991.
EPA, 1998: "National Air Pollutant Emission Trends, Procedures Document, 1900-1996," EPA-
454/R-98-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning
and Standards, Emission Factors and Inventory Group, Research Triangle Park, NC. May
1998.
EPA, 2000: "Reformulated Gasoline Survey Data for 2000." U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Internet
address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/consumer/fuels/mtbe/oxy-95-00.pdf
EPA, 2001a: U.S. EPA Oxygenated Fuel Program Summary, State Winter Oxygenated Fuel
Program Requirements for Attainment or Maintenance of CO NAAQS, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor,
Michigan. October. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/regs/fuels/oxy-area.pdf
EPA, 2001b: "Fleet Characterization Data for MOBILE6," M6.FLT.007, EPA420-R-01-047,
September 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
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EPA, 2001c: "Trip Length Activity Factors for Running Loss and Exhaust Running Emissions"
(M6.FLT.005, EPA420-R-01-013, April 2001.
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 200 Id: "Development of Methodology for Estimating VMT Weighting by Facility Type"
M6.SPD.003, EPA420-R-01-009, April 2001.
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 200le: "Soak Length Activity Factors for Diurnal Emissions," M6.FLT.006,
EPA420-R-01-014, April 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 200If: Soak Length Activity Factors for Hot Soak Emissions" M6.FLT.004,
EPA420-R-01-012, April 2001. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 2002a: "Technical Guidance of the Use of MOBILE6 for Emission Inventory
Preparation," US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Office
of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. January 2002.
EPA, 2002b: "Soak Length Activity Factors for Start Emissions," M6.FLT.003,
EPA420-R-01-011, February 2002.
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/mobile6/m6tech.htm
EPA, 2002c: "Exhaust and Crankcase Emission Factors for Nonroad Engine Modeling-
Compression-Ignition," EPA420-P-02-016, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI, November 2002.
http://www.epa.gOv/otaq/nonrdmdl.htm#docs.
EPA, 2003a: "Draft Documentation for the NONROAD Model Criteria and Hazardous Air
Pollutant Components of the National Emissions Inventory (NEI) for 2002 Version:
January 2004," U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Emission Factor and Inventory
Group. Prepared by EPA, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Inc. December
2003.
EPA, 2003b: "User's Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2: Mobile Source Emission Factor
Model," EPA420-R-03-010, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI, August 2003.
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm.
EPA, 2003c: "Documentation for the Final 1999 Nonpoint Area Source National Emission
Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Version 3)," August 26, 2003, Appendix E-2,
"County Level Allocation Values Used for Allocation Schemes 18, 22 and 27 (Stage 2
Control), 1999 National Emission Inventory."
EPA, 2003d: "Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, Locomotive, and Other
Nonroad Components in the National Emissions Inventory, Volumes I and II," prepared
by Eastern Research Group for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, October 7, 2003.
http://www.epa.gOv/ttn/chief/net/1999inventory.html#final3haps
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EPA, 2003e: "National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year County
Database Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures," EPA420-R-03-017, April
2003.
EPA, 2003f: "Comparison of NMIM County Database to NEI Modeling, Final Report," EPA
Contract No. 68D-02-063, Work Assignment No. 1-17, Pechan Document No.
03.09.002/9014.117, September 15, 2003.
EPA, 2004a: "Documentation for the Onroad National Emissions Inventory (NEI) For Base
Years 1970-2002," prepared by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. for the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards,
Emission Factor and Inventory Group, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, January 2004.
http://www.epa.gOv/ttn/chief/net/1999inventory.html#final3haps
EPA, 2004b: "Instructions to State and Local Agencies for Updating the County Level Database
from EPA's National Mobile Inventory Model - Technical Memorandum," prepared by
E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Factor and Inventory Group, Research
Triangle Park, NC 27711. November 2004.
EPA, 2004c: "Final Regulatory Analysis: Control of Emissions from Nonroad Diesel Engines,"
EPA420-R-04-007, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Mobile Sources,
Ann Arbor, MI. May 2004.
EPA, 2004d: "Technical Guidance on the Use of MOBILE6.2 for Emission Inventory
Preparation EPA420-R-04-013, August 2004. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm
EPA, 2004e: "Refueling Emissions for Nonroad Engine Modeling," NR-013b, EPA420-P-04-
013, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality,
Ann Arbor, MI. April 2004.
EPA, 2004f: "Nonroad Ammonia Emission Factors in NMIM," Technical Memo, from
C. Harvey, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air
Quality, Ann Arbor, MI. April 8, 2004.
EPA, 2005a: "Documentation for the 2002 Draft Mobile National Emissions Inventory,"
EPA420-R-03-017, prepared by EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality and E.H.
Pechan & Associates, Inc., for EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards,
Emissions Inventory Group, March 2005.
EPA, 2005b: "Potential Approaches for Developing a Mercury Inventory for Mobile Sources,"
memorandum to Laurel Driver and Phil Lorang, Emission Factor and Inventory Group,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC from Rich Cook and
Marion Hoyer, Air Toxics Center, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Ann Arbor, MI. Received by E.H. Pechan &
Associates, Inc. from Laurel Driver, EPA, on March 23, 2005.
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EPA, 2006: "Cold Temperature Effects on Vehicle HC Emissions," Draft Report, EPA420-D-
06-001, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality,
Assessment and Standards Division, Ann Arbor, MI. February 2006.
EPA, 2007a: "Control of Hazardous Air Pollutants from Mobile Sources," Regulatory Impact
Analysis, EPA420-D-07-002, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Transportation and Air Quality, Assessment and Standards Division, Ann Arbor, MI.
February 2007.
EPA, 2007b: "Control of Emissions from Marine SI and Small SI Engines, Vessels, and
Equipment," Draft Regulatory Impact Analysis, EPA420-D-07-004, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Assessment and Standards
Division, Ann Arbor, MI. April 2007.
ERG, 2003: "National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) Base and Future Year County Database
Documentation and Quality Assurance Procedures," EPA420-R-03-017, prepared by
Eastern Research Group, Inc., for EPA OTAQ.
ERG, 2005: "Documentation for Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, and Locomotive, and
Other Nonroad Components of the National Emissions Inventory," prepared by Eastern
Research Group, Inc. and E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc. for U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Emissions Monitoring and Analysis Division, Emission Factor and
Inventory Group. February 9, 2005.
FHWA, 1999: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) website for oxygenated fuel sale
percentage. Table MF-33E - Estimated Use of Gasohol and Table MF-21 - Motor-Fuel
Use. Internet address: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/hs99/mfpage.htm
FHWA, 2003: Highway Statistics 2002. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of
Transportation, Washington. DC, 2003.
Kashuba, 2004: Letter from Edward Kashuba, Federal Highway Administration, to Maureen
Mullen, E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., transmitting HPMS universe and sample data
files for 2002, June 16, 2004.
MACTEC, 2004: Hester, Charles and J. Cavalier, MACTEC, Inc. Memorandum from Charles
Hester and Julia Cavalier, MACTEC, Inc., to Stephen Shedd, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Emission Standards
Division, "Gasoline HAP Profiles," December 9, 2004.
Schauer et al., 2006: "Characterization of Metals Emitted from Motor Vehicles," Schauer JJ,
Lough GC, Shafer MM, Christensen WF, Arndt MF, DeMinter JT, Park J-S, 2006,
Health Effects Institute Research Report Number 133, available at:
http://pubs.healtheffects.org/
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Taylor, 2003: "Revised HAP Emission Factors for Stationary Combustion Turbines,"
memorandum prepared by M. Taylor, Alpha-Gamma Technologies, Inc for Sims Roy,
EPA OAQPS ESD Combustion Group, August, 2003. Docket ID: OAR-2002-0060-
0649, available at http://www.regulations.gov.
TRW, 1999: Thompson, Ramo, and Woolridge (TRW) or National Institute for Petroleum and
Energy Research (NIPER) Fuel Survey.
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APPENDIX A.LOCAL DATA FOR NMIM COUNTY DATABASE
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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-1. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2002
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
6
CALIFORNIA
1
Alameda County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
3
Alpine County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
7
Butte County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
13
Contra Costa County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
17
El Dorado County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
19
Fresno County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
21
Glenn County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
25
Imperial County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
27
Inyo County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
29
Kern County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
31
Kings County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
37
Los Angeles County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
39
Madera County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
41
Marin County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
47
Merced County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
51
Mono County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
53
Monterey County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
55
Napa County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
57
Nevada County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
59
Orange County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
61
Placer County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
63
Plumas County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
65
Riverside County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
67
Sacramento County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
69
San Benito County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
71
San Bernardino County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
73
San Diego County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
75
San Francisco County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
77
San Joaquin County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
79
San Luis Obispo County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
81
San Mateo County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
83
Santa Barbara County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
85
Santa Clara County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
87
Santa Cruz County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
89
Shasta County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
91
Sierra County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
95
Solano County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
97
Sonoma County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
99
Stanislaus County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
101
Sutter County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
107
Tulare County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
109
Tuolumne County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
111
Ventura County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
113
Yolo County
95
6
CALIFORNIA
115
Yuba County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
1
Fairfield County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
3
Hartford County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
5
Litchfield County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
7
Middlesex County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
9
New Haven County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
11
New London County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
13
Tolland County
95
9
CONNECTICUT
15
Windham County
95
10
DELAWARE
1
Kent County
86
10
DELAWARE
3
New Castle County
86
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-2	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-1. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2002
FIPS

FIPS


State

County


Code
State Name
Code
County Name
Effect.%
10
DELAWARE
5
Sussex County
86
11
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
1
District of Columbia
86
12
FLORIDA
11
Broward County
95
12
FLORIDA
86
Miami-Dade County
95
12
FLORIDA
99
Palm Beach County
95
13
GEORGIA
57
Cherokee County
86
13
GEORGIA
63
Clayton County
86
13
GEORGIA
67
Cobb County
86
13
GEORGIA
77
Coweta County
86
13
GEORGIA
89
DeKalb County
86
13
GEORGIA
97
Douglas County
86
13
GEORGIA
113
Fayette County
86
13
GEORGIA
117
Forsyth County
86
13
GEORGIA
121
Fulton County
86
13
GEORGIA
135
Gwinnett County
86
13
GEORGIA
151
Henry County
86
13
GEORGIA
223
Paulding County
86
13
GEORGIA
247
Rockdale County
86
17
ILLINOIS
31
Cook County
86
17
ILLINOIS
43
DuPage County
86
17
ILLINOIS
63
Grundy County
86
17
ILLINOIS
89
Kane County
86
17
ILLINOIS
93
Kendall County
86
17
ILLINOIS
97
Lake County
86
17
ILLINOIS
111
McHenry County
86
17
ILLINOIS
197
Will County
86
18
INDIANA
19
Clark County
86
18
INDIANA
43
Floyd County
86
18
INDIANA
89
Lake County
86
18
INDIANA
127
Porter County
86
21
KENTUCKY
15
Boone County
95
21
KENTUCKY
19
Boyd County
95
21
KENTUCKY
29
Bullitt County
95
21
KENTUCKY
37
Campbell County
95
21
KENTUCKY
89
Greenup County
95
21
KENTUCKY
111
Jefferson County
95
21
KENTUCKY
117
Kenton County
95
21
KENTUCKY
185
Oldham County
95
22
LOUISIANA
5
Ascension Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
33
East Baton Rouge Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
47
Iberville Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
63
Livingston Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
77
Pointe Coupee Parish
95
22
LOUISIANA
121
West Baton Rouge Parish
95
23
MAINE
5
Cumberland County
95
23
MAINE
23
Sagadahoc County
95
23
MAINE
31
York County
95
24
MARYLAND
3
Anne Arundel County
95
24
MARYLAND
5
Baltimore County
95
24
MARYLAND
9
Calvert County
95
24
MARYLAND
13
Carroll County
95
24
MARYLAND
15
Cecil County
95
24
MARYLAND
17
Charles County
95
24
MARYLAND
21
Frederick County
95
24
MARYLAND
25
Harford County
95
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-3	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-1. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2002
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
24
MARYLAND
27
Howard County
95
24
MARYLAND
31
Montgomery County
95
24
MARYLAND
33
Prince George's County
95
24
MARYLAND
510
Baltimore city
95
25
MASSACHUSETTS
1
Barnstable County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
3
Berkshire County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
5
Bristol County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
7
Dukes County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
9
Essex County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
11
Franklin County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
13
Hampden County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
15
Hampshire County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
17
Middlesex County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
19
Nantucket County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
21
Norfolk County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
23
Plymouth County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
25
Suffolk County
86
25
MASSACHUSETTS
27
Worcester County
86
29
MISSOURI
71
Franklin County
95
29
MISSOURI
99
Jefferson County
95
29
MISSOURI
183
St. Charles County
95
29
MISSOURI
189
St. Louis County
95
29
MISSOURI
510
St. Louis city
95
32
NEVADA
3
Clark County
95
32
NEVADA
31
Washoe County
95
33
NEW HAMPSHIRE
11
Hillsborough County
86
33
NEW HAMPSHIRE
13
Merrimack County
86
33
NEW HAMPSHIRE
15
Rockingham County
86
33
NEW HAMPSHIRE
17
Strafford County
86
34
NEW JERSEY
1
Atlantic County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
3
Bergen County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
5
Burlington County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
7
Camden County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
9
Cape May County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
11
Cumberland County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
13
Essex County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
15
Gloucester County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
17
Hudson County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
19
Hunterdon County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
21
Mercer County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
23
Middlesex County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
25
Monmouth County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
27
Morris County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
29
Ocean County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
31
Passaic County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
33
Salem County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
35
Somerset County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
37
Sussex County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
39
Union County
62
34
NEW JERSEY
41
Warren County
62
36
NEW YORK
5
Bronx County
90
36
NEW YORK
47
Kings County
90
36
NEW YORK
59
Nassau County
90
36
NEW YORK
61
New York County
90
36
NEW YORK
71
Orange County
90
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-4	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-1. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2002
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
36
NEW YORK
81
Queens County
90
36
NEW YORK
85
Richmond County
90
36
NEW YORK
87
Rockland County
90
36
NEW YORK
103
Suffolk County
90
36
NEW YORK
119
Westchester County
90
39
OHIO
7
Ashtabula County
77
39
OHIO
17
Butler County
77
39
OHIO
23
Clark County
77
39
OHIO
25
Clermont County
77
39
OHIO
35
Cuyahoga County
77
39
OHIO
55
Geauga County
77
39
OHIO
57
Greene County
77
39
OHIO
61
Hamilton County
77
39
OHIO
85
Lake County
77
39
OHIO
93
Lorain County
77
39
OHIO
103
Medina County
77
39
OHIO
109
Miami County
77
39
OHIO
113
Montgomery County
77
39
OHIO
133
Portage County
77
39
OHIO
153
Summit County
77
39
OHIO
165
Warren County
77
41
OREGON
5
Clackamus County
86
41
OREGON
51
Multnomah County
86
41
OREGON
67
Washington County
86
42
PENNSYLVANIA
3
Allegheny County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
5
Armstrong County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
7
Beaver County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
11
Berks County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
17
Bucks County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
19
Butler County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
29
Chester County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
45
Delaware County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
51
Fayette County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
91
Montgomery County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
101
Philadelphia County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
125
Washington County
95
42
PENNSYLVANIA
129
Westmoreland County
95
44
RHODE ISLAND
1
Bristol County
86
44
RHODE ISLAND
3
Kent County
86
44
RHODE ISLAND
5
Newport County
86
44
RHODE ISLAND
7
Providence County
86
44
RHODE ISLAND
9
Washington County
86
47
TENNESSEE
37
Davidson County
86
47
TENNESSEE
149
Rutherford County
86
47
TENNESSEE
165
Sumner County
86
47
TENNESSEE
187
Williamson County
86
47
TENNESSEE
189
Wilson County
86
48
TEXAS
39
Brazoria County
95
48
TEXAS
71
Chambers County
95
48
TEXAS
85
Collin County
95
48
TEXAS
113
Dallas County
95
48
TEXAS
121
Denton County
95
48
TEXAS
141
El Paso County
95
48
TEXAS
157
Fort Bend County
95
48
TEXAS
167
Galveston County
95
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-5	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-1. Counties With Stage II Control Programs 2002
FIPS
State
Code
State Name
FIPS
County
Code
County Name
Effect.%
48
TEXAS
199
Hardin County
95
48
TEXAS
201
Harris County
95
48
TEXAS
245
Jefferson County
95
48
TEXAS
291
Liberty County
95
48
TEXAS
339
Montgomery County
95
48
TEXAS
361
Orange County
95
48
TEXAS
439
Tarrant County
95
48
TEXAS
473
Waller County
95
50
VERMONT
1
Addison County
86
50
VERMONT
3
Bennington County
86
50
VERMONT
5
Caledonia County
86
50
VERMONT
7
Chittenden County
86
50
VERMONT
9
Essex County
86
50
VERMONT
11
Franklin County
86
50
VERMONT
13
Grand Isle County
86
50
VERMONT
15
Lamoille County
86
50
VERMONT
17
Orange County
86
50
VERMONT
19
Orleans County
86
50
VERMONT
21
Rutland County
86
50
VERMONT
23
Washington County
86
50
VERMONT
25
Windham County
86
50
VERMONT
27
Windsor County
86
51
VIRGINIA
13
Arlington County
95
51
VIRGINIA
36
Charles City County
95
51
VIRGINIA
41
Chesterfield County
95
51
VIRGINIA
59
Fairfax County
95
51
VIRGINIA
85
Hanover County
95
51
VIRGINIA
87
Henrico County
95
51
VIRGINIA
107
Loudoun County
95
51
VIRGINIA
153
Prince William County
95
51
VIRGINIA
179
Stafford County
95
51
VIRGINIA
510
Alexandria city
95
51
VIRGINIA
570
Colonial Heights city
95
51
VIRGINIA
600
Fairfax city
95
51
VIRGINIA
610
Falls Church city
95
51
VIRGINIA
670
Hopewell city
95
51
VIRGINIA
683
Manassas city
95
51
VIRGINIA
685
Manassas Park city
95
51
VIRGINIA
760
Richmond city
95
53
WASHINGTON
11
Clark County
86
53
WASHINGTON
15
Cowlitz County
86
53
WASHINGTON
33
King County
86
53
WASHINGTON
35
Kitsap County
86
53
WASHINGTON
53
Pierce County
86
53
WASHINGTON
61
Snohomish County
86
55
WISCONSIN
59
Kenosha County
86
55
WISCONSIN
61
Kewaunee County
86
55
WISCONSIN
71
Manitowoc County
86
55
WISCONSIN
79
Milwaukee County
86
55
WISCONSIN
89
Ozaukee County
86
55
WISCONSIN
101
Racine County
86
55
WISCONSIN
117
Sheboygan County
86
55
WISCONSIN
131
Washington County
86
55
WISCONSIN
133
Waukesha County
86
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-6	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
1
AL
Default
2
AK
Default
4
AZ
0401302
4
AZ
0401902
4
AZ
Default
5
AR
Default
6
CA
Default
8
CO
Default
9
CT
Default
10
DE
1000102
10
DE
1000302
10
DE
1000502
11
DC
1100102
12
FL
Default
13
GA
Default
15
HI
Default
16
ID
Default
17
IL
1703102
17
IL
1711902
17
IL
Default
18
IN
Default
19
IA
1900102
19
IA
1900302
19
IA
1900502
19
IA
1900702
19
IA
1900902
19
IA
1901102
19
IA
1901302
19
IA
1901502
19
IA
1901702
19
IA
1901902
19
IA
1902102
19
IA
1902302
19
IA
1902502
19
IA
1902702
19
IA
1902902
19
IA
1903102
19
IA
1903302
19
IA
1903502
19
IA
1903702
19
IA
1903902
19
IA
1904102
19
IA
1904302
19
IA
1904502
19
IA
1904702
19
IA
1904902
19
IA
1905102
19
IA
1905302
19
IA
1905502
19
IA
1905702
19
IA
1905902
19
IA
1906102
19
IA
1906302
19
IA
1906502
19
IA
1906702
19
IA
1906902
19
IA
1907102
19
IA
1907302
19
IA
1907502
19
IA
1907702
19
IA
1907902
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-7	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
19
IA
1908102
19
IA
1908302
19
IA
1908502
19
IA
1908702
19
IA
1908902
19
IA
1909102
19
IA
1909302
19
IA
1909502
19
IA
1909702
19
IA
1909902
19
IA
1910102
19
IA
1910302
19
IA
1910502
19
IA
1910702
19
IA
1910902
19
IA
1911102
19
IA
1911302
19
IA
1911502
19
IA
1911702
19
IA
1911902
19
IA
1912102
19
IA
1912302
19
IA
1912502
19
IA
1912702
19
IA
1912902
19
IA
1913102
19
IA
1913302
19
IA
1913502
19
IA
1913702
19
IA
1913902
19
IA
1914102
19
IA
1914302
19
IA
1914502
19
IA
1914702
19
IA
1914902
19
IA
1915102
19
IA
1915302
19
IA
1915502
19
IA
1915702
19
IA
1915902
19
IA
1916102
19
IA
1916302
19
IA
1916502
19
IA
1916702
19
IA
1916902
19
IA
1917102
19
IA
1917302
19
IA
1917502
19
IA
1917702
19
IA
1917902
19
IA
1918102
19
IA
1918302
19
IA
1918502
19
IA
1918702
19
IA
1918902
19
IA
1919102
19
IA
1919302
19
IA
1919502
19
IA
1919702
20
KS
Default
21
KY
2111102
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-8	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
21
KY
Default
22
LA
Default
23
ME
Default
24
MD
2400102
24
MD
2400302
24
MD
2400902
24
MD
2401502
24
MD
2401702
24
MD
2402102
24
MD
2403102
24
MD
2403302
24
MD
2403502
24
MD
2404302
25
MA
2500002
26
Ml
Default
27
MN
2700102
27
MN
2700302
27
MN
2700502
27
MN
2700702
27
MN
2700902
27
MN
2701102
27
MN
2701302
27
MN
2701502
27
MN
2701702
27
MN
2701902
27
MN
2702102
27
MN
2702302
27
MN
2702502
27
MN
2702702
27
MN
2702902
27
MN
2703102
27
MN
2703302
27
MN
2703502
27
MN
2703702
27
MN
2703902
27
MN
2704102
27
MN
2704302
27
MN
2704502
27
MN
2704702
27
MN
2704902
27
MN
2705102
27
MN
2705302
27
MN
2705502
27
MN
2705702
27
MN
2705902
27
MN
2706102
27
MN
2706302
27
MN
2706502
27
MN
2706702
27
MN
2706902
27
MN
2707102
27
MN
2707302
27
MN
2707502
27
MN
2707702
27
MN
2707902
27
MN
2708102
27
MN
2708302
27
MN
2708502
27
MN
2708702
27
MN
2708902
27
MN
2709102
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-9	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
27
MN
2709302
27
MN
2709502
27
MN
2709702
27
MN
2709902
27
MN
2710102
27
MN
2710302
27
MN
2710502
27
MN
2710702
27
MN
2710902
27
MN
2711102
27
MN
2711302
27
MN
2711502
27
MN
2711702
27
MN
2711902
27
MN
2712102
27
MN
2712302
27
MN
2712502
27
MN
2712702
27
MN
2712902
27
MN
2713102
27
MN
2713302
27
MN
2713502
27
MN
2713702
27
MN
2713902
27
MN
2714102
27
MN
2714302
27
MN
2714502
27
MN
2714702
27
MN
2714902
27
MN
2715102
27
MN
2715302
27
MN
2715502
27
MN
2715702
27
MN
2715902
27
MN
2716102
27
MN
2716302
27
MN
2716502
27
MN
2716702
27
MN
2716902
27
MN
2717102
27
MN
2717302
28
MS
Default
29
MO
Default
30
MT
Default
31
NE
Default
32
NV
Default
33
NH
Default
34
NJ
3400102
35
NM
Default
36
NY
3600102
36
NY
3600502
37
NC
Default
38
ND
Default
39
OH
3900102
39
OH
3900302
39
OH
3900502
39
OH
3900702
39
OH
3900902
39
OH
3901102
39
OH
3901302
39
OH
3901502
A-10
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
39
OH
3901702
39
OH
3901902
39
OH
3902102
39
OH
3902302
39
OH
3902502
39
OH
3902702
39
OH
3902902
39
OH
3903102
39
OH
3903302
39
OH
3903502
39
OH
3903702
39
OH
3903902
39
OH
3904102
39
OH
3904302
39
OH
3904502
39
OH
3904702
39
OH
3904902
39
OH
3905102
39
OH
3905302
39
OH
3905502
39
OH
3905702
39
OH
3905902
39
OH
3906102
39
OH
3906302
39
OH
3906502
39
OH
3906702
39
OH
3906902
39
OH
3907102
39
OH
3907302
39
OH
3907502
39
OH
3907702
39
OH
3907902
39
OH
3908102
39
OH
3908302
39
OH
3908502
39
OH
3908702
39
OH
3908902
39
OH
3909102
39
OH
3909302
39
OH
3909502
39
OH
3909702
39
OH
3909902
39
OH
3910102
39
OH
3910302
39
OH
3910502
39
OH
3910702
39
OH
3910902
39
OH
3911102
39
OH
3911302
39
OH
3911502
39
OH
3911702
39
OH
3911902
39
OH
3912102
39
OH
3912302
39
OH
3912502
39
OH
3912702
39
OH
3912902
39
OH
3913102
39
OH
3913302
39
OH
3913502
39
OH
3913702
A-ll
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
39
OH
3913902
39
OH
3914102
39
OH
3914302
39
OH
3914502
39
OH
3914702
39
OH
3914902
39
OH
3915102
39
OH
3915302
39
OH
3915502
39
OH
3915702
39
OH
3915902
39
OH
3916102
39
OH
3916302
39
OH
3916502
39
OH
3916702
39
OH
3916902
39
OH
3917102
39
OH
3917302
39
OH
3917502
40
OK
Default
41
OR
4100102
41
OR
4100302
41
OR
4100502
41
OR
4100702
41
OR
4100902
41
OR
4101102
41
OR
4101302
41
OR
4101502
41
OR
4101702
41
OR
4101902
41
OR
4102102
41
OR
4102302
41
OR
4102502
41
OR
4102702
41
OR
4102902
41
OR
4103102
41
OR
4103302
41
OR
4103502
41
OR
4103702
41
OR
4103902
41
OR
4104102
41
OR
4104302
41
OR
4104502
41
OR
4104702
41
OR
4104902
41
OR
4105102
41
OR
4105302
41
OR
4105502
41
OR
4105702
41
OR
4105902
41
OR
4106102
41
OR
4106302
41
OR
4106502
41
OR
4106702
41
OR
4106902
41
OR
4107102
42
PA
Default
44
Rl
4400002
45
SC
Default
46
SD
Default
47
TN
4700302
A-12
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
47
TN
4703702
47
TN
4706502
47
TN
4709302
47
TN
4715702
47
TN
4716302
47
TN
Default
48
TX
4800102
48
TX
4800302
48
TX
4800502
48
TX
4800702
48
TX
4800902
48
TX
4801102
48
TX
4801302
48
TX
4801502
48
TX
4801702
48
TX
4802102
48
TX
4802702
48
TX
4802902
48
TX
4803102
48
TX
4803302
48
TX
4803702
48
TX
4803902
48
TX
4804102
48
TX
4804302
48
TX
4804502
48
TX
4804702
48
TX
4804902
48
TX
4805502
48
TX
4807102
48
TX
4808102
48
TX
4808502
48
TX
4809102
48
TX
4811302
48
TX
4811902
48
TX
4812102
48
TX
4812702
48
TX
4813902
48
TX
4814102
48
TX
4814302
48
TX
4815702
48
TX
4816702
48
TX
4818302
48
TX
4818702
48
TX
4819902
48
TX
4820102
48
TX
4820302
48
TX
4820902
48
TX
4821302
48
TX
4822102
48
TX
4823102
48
TX
4824102
48
TX
4824502
48
TX
4825102
48
TX
4825702
48
TX
4829102
48
TX
4833902
48
TX
4836102
48
TX
4836702
48
TX
4839702
48
TX
4840102
48
TX
4842302
A-13
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
48
TX
4843902
48
TX
4845302
48
TX
4845902
48
TX
4847302
48
TX
4849102
48
TX
4849302
49
UT
4900102
49
UT
4900302
49
UT
4900502
49
UT
4900702
49
UT
4900902
49
UT
4901102
49
UT
4901302
49
UT
4901502
49
UT
4901702
49
UT
4901902
49
UT
4902102
49
UT
4902302
49
UT
4902502
49
UT
4902702
49
UT
4902902
49
UT
4903102
49
UT
4903302
49
UT
4903502
49
UT
4903702
49
UT
4903902
49
UT
4904102
49
UT
4904302
49
UT
4904502
49
UT
4904702
49
UT
4904902
49
UT
4905102
49
UT
4905302
49
UT
4905502
49
UT
4905702
50
VT
5000002
51
VA
5101302
51
VA
5102302
51
VA
5103302
51
VA
5103602
51
VA
5104102
51
VA
5105902
51
VA
5106902
51
VA
5107302
51
VA
5108502
51
VA
5108702
51
VA
5109302
51
VA
5109502
51
VA
5110702
51
VA
5114902
51
VA
5115302
51
VA
5116102
51
VA
5117702
51
VA
5117902
51
VA
5119902
51
VA
5151002
51
VA
5155002
51
VA
5157002
51
VA
5163002
51
VA
5165002
51
VA
5167002
A-14
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-2. Registration Distributions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies

State
Registration Distribution
State FIPS
Abbreviation
File Name
51
VA
5170002
51
VA
5171002
51
VA
5173002
51
VA
5173502
51
VA
5174002
51
VA
5176002
51
VA
5177002
51
VA
5177502
51
VA
5180002
51
VA
5181002
51
VA
5183002
51
VA
5184002
51
VA
Default
53
WA
5300002
54
WV
Default
55
Wl
5500002
56
WY
Default
72
PR
Default
78
VI
Default
All external file names use the file name extension REG. All file names
have the form aabbbcc.reg, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS
county and cc is the last two digits of the calendar year. Default means
that the MOBILE6 default registration distributions were used.
A-15
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-3. 25 Year Trend of Vehicle
Registrations And New Sales in Puerto Rico
Year
New Vehicle Sales
Total Vehicle Registrations
1973
138,108
681,596
1974
66,738
738,485
1975
73,388
773,742
1976
83,505
814,373
1977
110,393
830,373
1978
101,254
980,200
1979
103,859
1,035,200
1980
88,000
1,120,312
1981
98,193
1,201,774
1982
66,158
1,228,405
1983
60,987
1,259,111
1984
92,974
1,245,000
1985
116,431
1,353,670
1986
141,219
1,451,281
1987
118,048
1,560,308
1988
131,958
1,551,415
1989
148,459
1,567,319
1990
125,577
1,582,081
1991
116,386
1,516,102
1992
113,682
1,650,709
1993
141,550
1,740,371
1994
146,951
1,872,361
1995
160,394
2,014,207
1996
147,605
2,166,697
1997
180,027
2,272,643
Highway Statistics 2002. Federal Highway Administration, U.S.
Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, 2002.
A-16
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-4. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies


Diesel Sales Fraction
State FIPS
State Abbreviation
File Name
1
AL
Default
2
AK
Default
4
AZ
0401302
4
AZ
Default
5
AR
Default
6
CA
Default
8
CO
Default
9
CT
Default
10
DE
Default
11
DC
Default
12
FL
Default
13
GA
Default
15
HI
Default
16
ID
Default
17
IL
Default
18
IN
Default
19
IA
1900002
20
KS
Default
21
KY
Default
22
LA
Default
23
ME
Default
24
MD
2400302
24
MD
2400902
24
MD
2401502
24
MD
2401702
24
MD
2402102
24
MD
2403102
24
MD
2403302
24
MD
2403502
24
MD
2404302
24
MD
Default
25
MA
Default
26
Ml
Default
27
MN
2700102
27
MN
2700302
27
MN
2700502
27
MN
2700702
27
MN
2700902
27
MN
2701102
27
MN
2701302
27
MN
2701502
27
MN
2701702
27
MN
2701902
27
MN
2702102
27
MN
2702302
27
MN
2702502
27
MN
2702702
27
MN
2702902
27
MN
2703102
27
MN
2703302
27
MN
2703502
27
MN
2703702
A-17
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-4. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies
State FIPS
State Abbreviation
Diesel Sales Fraction
File Name
27
MN
2703902
27
MN
2704102
27
MN
2704302
27
MN
2704502
27
MN
2704702
27
MN
2704902
27
MN
2705102
27
MN
2705302
27
MN
2705502
27
MN
2705702
27
MN
2705902
27
MN
2706102
27
MN
2706302
27
MN
2706502
27
MN
2706702
27
MN
2706902
27
MN
2707102
27
MN
2707302
27
MN
2707502
27
MN
2707702
27
MN
2707902
27
MN
2708102
27
MN
2708302
27
MN
2708502
27
MN
2708702
27
MN
2708902
27
MN
2709102
27
MN
2709302
27
MN
2709502
27
MN
2709702
27
MN
2709902
27
MN
2710102
27
MN
2710302
27
MN
2710502
27
MN
2710702
27
MN
2710902
27
MN
2711102
27
MN
2711302
27
MN
2711502
27
MN
2711702
27
MN
2711902
27
MN
2712102
27
MN
2712302
27
MN
2712502
27
MN
2712702
27
MN
2712902
27
MN
2713102
27
MN
2713302
27
MN
2713502
27
MN
2713702
A-18
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-4. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies


Diesel Sales Fraction
State FIPS
State Abbreviation
File Name
27
MN
2713902
27
MN
2714102
27
MN
2714302
27
MN
2714502
27
MN
2714702
27
MN
2714902
27
MN
2715102
27
MN
2715302
27
MN
2715502
27
MN
2715702
27
MN
2715902
27
MN
2716102
27
MN
2716302
27
MN
2716502
27
MN
2716702
27
MN
2716902
27
MN
2717102
27
MN
2717302
28
MS
Default
29
MO
Default
30
MT
Default
31
NE
Default
32
NV
Default
33
NH
Default
34
NJ
3400102
35
NM
Default
36
NY
3600102
36
NY
3600502
37
NC
Default
38
ND
Default
39
OH
Default
40
OK
Default
41
OR
Default
42
PA
Default
44
Rl
Default
45
SC
Default
46
SD
Default
47
TN
Default
48
TX
4800102
48
TX
4802102
48
TX
4802902
48
TX
4803902
48
TX
4808502
48
TX
4811302
48
TX
4813902
48
TX
4814102
48
TX
4818302
48
TX
4819902
49
UT
Default
50
VT
Default
51
VA
5101302
51
VA
5105902
51
VA
5110702
A-19
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-4. Diesel Sales Fractions Provided by
State, Local, and Tribal Agencies


Diesel Sales Fraction
State FIPS
State Abbreviation
File Name
51
VA
5115302
51
VA
5117902
51
VA
5151002
51
VA
Default
53
WA
Default
54
WV
Default
55
Wl
Default
56
WY
Default
72
PR
Default
78
VI
Default
All external file names use the file name extension DSL. All file names
have the form aabbbcc.dsl, where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS
county and cc is the last two digits of the calendar year. Default means
that the MOBILE6 default diesel sales fractions were used.
A-20
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-5. Average Speeds by Road Type and Vehicle Type
(mph)

Rural
Rural
Rural
Rural
Rural
Rural


Principal
Minor
Major
Minor


Interstate
Arterial
Arterial
Collector
Collector
Local
LDV
60
45
40
35
30
30
LDT
55
45
40
35
30
30
HDV
40
35
30
25
25
25


Urban
Urban
Urban
Urban
Urban
Urban


Other






Freeways &
Principal
Minor



Interstate
Expressways
Arterial
Arterial
Collector
Local
LDV
45
45
20
20
20
20
LDT
45
45
20
20
20
20
HDV
35
35
15
15
15
15
LDV: Passenger cars.
LDT : Trucks less than 8,500 lbs. Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR).
HDV : Trucks greater than 8,500 lbs. GVWR.
A-21
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-6. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and
Tribal Agencies




Average Speed
State
County
State

Distribution Base File
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Name
10
1
DE
Kent County
1000102
10
3
DE
New Castle County
1000302
10
5
DE
Sussex County
1000502
11
1
DC
District of Columbia
1100102
19
1
IA
Adair County
1900102
19
3
IA
Adams County
1900302
19
5
IA
Allamakee County
1900502
19
7
IA
Appanoose County
1900702
19
9
IA
Audubon County
1900902
19
11
IA
Benton County
1901102
19
13
IA
Black Hawk County
1901302
19
15
IA
Boone County
1901502
19
17
IA
Bremer County
1901702
19
19
IA
Buchanan County
1901902
19
21
IA
Buena Vista County
1902102
19
23
IA
Butler County
1902302
19
25
IA
Calhoun County
1902502
19
27
IA
Carroll County
1902702
19
29
IA
Cass County
1902902
19
31
IA
Cedar County
1903102
19
33
IA
Cerro Gordo County
1903302
19
35
IA
Cherokee County
1903502
19
37
IA
Chickasaw County
1903702
19
39
IA
Clarke County
1903902
19
41
IA
Clay County
1904102
19
43
IA
Clayton County
1904302
19
45
IA
Clinton County
1904502
19
47
IA
Crawford County
1904702
19
49
IA
Dallas County
1904902
19
51
IA
Davis County
1905102
19
53
IA
Decatur County
1905302
19
55
IA
Delaware County
1905502
19
57
IA
Des Moines County
1905702
19
59
IA
Dickinson County
1905902
19
61
IA
Dubuque County
1906102
19
63
IA
Emmet County
1906302
19
65
IA
Fayette County
1906502
19
67
IA
Floyd County
1906702
19
69
IA
Franklin County
1906902
19
71
IA
Fremont County
1907102
19
73
IA
Greene County
1907302
19
75
IA
Grundy County
1907502
19
77
IA
Guthrie County
1907702
19
79
IA
Hamilton County
1907902
19
81
IA
Hancock County
1908102
19
83
IA
Hardin County
1908302
19
85
IA
Harrison County
1908502
19
87
IA
Henry County
1908702
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-22	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-6. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and
Tribal Agencies




Average Speed
State
County
State

Distribution Base File
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Name
19
89
IA
Howard County
1908902
19
91
IA
Humboldt County
1909102
19
93
IA
Ida County
1909302
19
95
IA
Iowa County
1909502
19
97
IA
Jackson County
1909702
19
99
IA
Jasper County
1909902
19
101
IA
Jefferson County
1910102
19
103
IA
Johnson County
1910302
19
105
IA
Jones County
1910502
19
107
IA
Keokuk County
1910702
19
109
IA
Kossuth County
1910902
19
111
IA
Lee County
1911102
19
113
IA
Linn County
1911302
19
115
IA
Louisa County
1911502
19
117
IA
Lucas County
1911702
19
119
IA
Lyon County
1911902
19
121
IA
Madison County
1912102
19
123
IA
Mahaska County
1912302
19
125
IA
Marion County
1912502
19
127
IA
Marshall County
1912702
19
129
IA
Mills County
1912902
19
131
IA
Mitchell County
1913102
19
133
IA
Monona County
1913302
19
135
IA
Monroe County
1913502
19
137
IA
Montgomery County
1913702
19
139
IA
Muscatine County
1913902
19
141
IA
O'Brien County
1914102
19
143
IA
Osceola County
1914302
19
145
IA
Page County
1914502
19
147
IA
Palo Alto County
1914702
19
149
IA
Plymouth County
1914902
19
151
IA
Pocahontas County
1915102
19
153
IA
Polk County
1915302
19
155
IA
Pottawattamie County
1915502
19
157
IA
Poweshiek County
1915702
19
159
IA
Ringgold County
1915902
19
161
IA
Sac County
1916102
19
163
IA
Scott County
1916302
19
165
IA
Shelby County
1916502
19
167
IA
Sioux County
1916702
19
169
IA
Story County
1916902
19
171
IA
Tama County
1917102
19
173
IA
Taylor County
1917302
19
175
IA
Union County
1917502
19
177
IA
Van Buren County
1917702
19
179
IA
Wapello County
1917902
19
181
IA
Warren County
1918102
19
183
IA
Washington County
1918302
19
185
IA
Wayne County
1918502
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-23	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-6. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and
Tribal Agencies




Average Speed
State
County
State

Distribution Base File
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Name
19
187
IA
Webster County
1918702
19
189
IA
Winnebago County
1918902
19
191
IA
Winneshiek County
1919102
19
193
IA
Woodbury County
1919302
19
195
IA
Worth County
1919502
19
197
IA
Wright County
1919702
24
1
MD
Allegany County
2400002
24
3
MD
Anne Arundel County
2400002
24
5
MD
Baltimore County
2400002
24
9
MD
Calvert County
2400002
24
11
MD
Caroline County
2400002
24
13
MD
Carroll County
2400002
24
15
MD
Cecil County
2400002
24
17
MD
Charles County
2400002
24
19
MD
Dorchester County
2400002
24
21
MD
Frederick County
2400002
24
23
MD
Garrett County
2400002
24
25
MD
Harford County
2400002
24
27
MD
Howard County
2400002
24
29
MD
Kent County
2400002
24
31
MD
Montgomery County
2400002
24
33
MD
Prince George's County
2400002
24
35
MD
Queen Anne's County
2400002
24
37
MD
St. Mary's County
2400002
24
39
MD
Somerset County
2400002
24
41
MD
Talbot County
2400002
24
43
MD
Washington County
2400002
24
45
MD
Wicomico County
2400002
24
47
MD
Worcester County
2400002
24
510
MD
Baltimore city
2400002
34
1
NJ
Atlantic County
3400102
34
3
NJ
Bergen County
3400302
34
5
NJ
Burlington County
3400502
34
7
NJ
Camden County
3400702
34
9
NJ
Cape May County
3400902
34
11
NJ
Cumberland County
3401102
34
13
NJ
Essex County
3401302
34
15
NJ
Gloucester County
3401502
34
17
NJ
Hudson County
3401702
34
19
NJ
Hunterdon County
3401902
34
21
NJ
Mercer County
3402102
34
23
NJ
Middlesex County
3402302
34
25
NJ
Monmouth County
3402502
34
27
NJ
Morris County
3402702
34
29
NJ
Ocean County
3402902
34
31
NJ
Passaic County
3403102
34
33
NJ
Salem County
3403302
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-24	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-6. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and
Tribal Agencies




Average Speed
State
County
State

Distribution Base File
FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
Name
34
35
NJ
Somerset County
3403502
34
37
NJ
Sussex County
3403702
34
39
NJ
Union County
3403902
34
41
NJ
Warren County
3404102
35
1
NM
Bernalillo County
3500102
44
1
Rl
Bristol County
4400002
44
3
Rl
Kent County
4400002
44
5
Rl
Newport County
4400002
44
7
Rl
Providence County
4400002
44
9
Rl
Washington County
4400002
49
1
UT
Beaver County
4900102
49
3
UT
Box Elder County
4900102
49
5
UT
Cache County
4900102
49
7
UT
Carbon County
4900102
49
9
UT
Daggett County
4900102
49
11
UT
Davis County
4901102
49
13
UT
Duchesne County
4900102
49
15
UT
Emery County
4900102
49
17
UT
Garfield County
4900102
49
19
UT
Grand County
4900102
49
21
UT
Iron County
4900102
49
23
UT
Juab County
4900102
49
25
UT
Kane County
4900102
49
27
UT
Millard County
4900102
49
29
UT
Morgan County
4900102
49
31
UT
Piute County
4900102
49
33
UT
Rich County
4900102
49
35
UT
Salt Lake County
4903502
49
37
UT
San Juan County
4900102
49
39
UT
Sanpete County
4900102
49
41
UT
Sevier County
4900102
49
43
UT
Summit County
4900102
49
45
UT
Tooele County
4900102
49
47
UT
Uintah County
4900102
49
49
UT
Utah County
4904902
49
51
UT
Wasatch County
4900102
49
53
UT
Washington County
4900102
49
55
UT
Wayne County
4900102
49
57
UT
Weber County
4905702
51
1
VA
Accomack County
5100102
51
3
VA
Albemarle County
5100302
51
5
VA
Alleghany County
5100502
51
7
VA
Amelia County
5100702
51
9
VA
Amherst County
5100902
51
11
VA
Appomattox County
5101102
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-25	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-6. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and
Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
County Name
Average Speed
Distribution Base File
Name
51
13
VA
Arlington County
5101302
51
15
VA
Augusta County
5101502
51
17
VA
Bath County
5101702
51
19
VA
Bedford County
5101902
51
21
VA
Bland County
5102102
51
23
VA
Botetourt County
5102302
51
25
VA
Brunswick County
5102502
51
27
VA
Buchanan County
5102702
51
29
VA
Buckingham County
5102902
51
31
VA
Campbell County
5103102
51
33
VA
Caroline County
5103302
51
35
VA
Carroll County
5103502
51
36
VA
Charles City County
5103602
51
37
VA
Charlotte County
5103702
51
41
VA
Chesterfield County
5104102
51
43
VA
Clarke County
5104302
51
45
VA
Craig County
5104502
51
47
VA
Culpeper County
5104702
51
49
VA
Cumberland County
5104902
51
51
VA
Dickenson County
5105102
51
53
VA
Dinwiddie County
5105302
51
57
VA
Essex County
5105702
51
59
VA
Fairfax County
5105902
51
61
VA
Fauquier County
5106102
51
63
VA
Floyd County
5106302
51
65
VA
Fluvanna County
5106502
51
67
VA
Franklin County
5106702
51
69
VA
Frederick County
5106902
51
71
VA
Giles County
5107102
51
73
VA
Gloucester County
5107302
51
75
VA
Goochland County
5107502
51
77
VA
Grayson County
5107702
51
79
VA
Greene County
5107902
51
81
VA
Greensville County
5108102
51
83
VA
Halifax County
5108302
51
85
VA
Hanover County
5108502
51
87
VA
Henrico County
5108702
51
89
VA
Henry County
5108902
51
91
VA
Highland County
5109102
51
93
VA
Isle of Wight County
5109302
51
95
VA
James City County
5109502
51
97
VA
King and Queen County
5109702
51
99
VA
King George County
5109902
51
101
VA
King William County
5110102
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-26	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-6. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and
Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
County Name
Average Speed
Distribution Base File
Name
51
103
VA
Lancaster County
5110302
51
105
VA
Lee County
5110502
51
107
VA
Loudoun County
5110702
51
109
VA
Louisa County
5110902
51
111
VA
Lunenburg County
5111102
51
113
VA
Madison County
5111302
51
115
VA
Mathews County
5111502
51
117
VA
Mecklenburg County
5111702
51
119
VA
Middlesex County
5111902
51
121
VA
Montgomery County
5112102
51
125
VA
Nelson County
5112502
51
127
VA
New Kent County
5112702
51
131
VA
Northampton County
5113102
51
133
VA
Northumberland County
5113302
51
135
VA
Nottoway County
5113502
51
137
VA
Orange County
5113702
51
139
VA
Page County
5113902
51
141
VA
Patrick County
5114102
51
143
VA
Pittsylvania County
5114302
51
145
VA
Powhatan County
5114502
51
147
VA
Prince Edward County
5114702
51
149
VA
Prince George County
5114902
51
153
VA
Prince William County
5115302
51
155
VA
Pulaski County
5115502
51
157
VA
Rappahannock County
5115702
51
159
VA
Richmond County
5115902
51
161
VA
Roanoke County
5116102
51
163
VA
Rockbridge County
5116302
51
165
VA
Rockingham County
5116502
51
167
VA
Russell County
5116702
51
169
VA
Scott County
5116902
51
171
VA
Shenandoah County
5117102
51
173
VA
Smyth County
5117302
51
175
VA
Southampton County
5117502
51
177
VA
Spotsylvania County
5117702
51
179
VA
Stafford County
5117902
51
181
VA
Surry County
5118102
51
183
VA
Sussex County
5118302
51
185
VA
Tazewell County
5118502
51
187
VA
Warren County
5118702
51
191
VA
Washington County
5119102
51
193
VA
Westmoreland County
5119302
51
195
VA
Wise County
5119502
51
197
VA
Wythe County
5119702
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-27	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-6. Average Speed Distributions Provided by State, Local, and
Tribal Agencies
State
FIPS
County
FIPS
State
Abbreviation
County Name
Average Speed
Distribution Base File
Name
51
199
VA
York County
5119902
51
510
VA
Alexandria city
5151002
51
515
VA
Bedford city
5151502
51
520
VA
Bristol city
5152002
51
530
VA
Buena Vista city
5153002
51
540
VA
Charlottesville city
5154002
51
550
VA
Chesapeake city
5155002
51
570
VA
Colonial Heights city
5157002
51
580
VA
Covington city
5158002
51
590
VA
Danville city
5159002
51
595
VA
Emporia city
5159502
51
600
VA
Fairfax city
5160002
51
610
VA
Falls Church city
5161002
51
620
VA
Franklin city
5162002
51
630
VA
Fredericksburg city
5163002
51
640
VA
Galax city
5164002
51
650
VA
Hampton city
5165002
51
660
VA
Harrisonburg city
5166002
51
670
VA
Hopewell city
5167002
51
678
VA
Lexington city
5167802
51
680
VA
Lynchburg city
5168002
51
683
VA
Manassas city
5168302
51
685
VA
Manassas Park city
5168502
51
690
VA
Martinsville city
5169002
51
700
VA
Newport News city
5170002
51
710
VA
Norfolk city
5171002
51
720
VA
Norton city
5172002
51
730
VA
Petersburg city
5173002
51
735
VA
Poquoson city
5173502
51
740
VA
Portsmouth city
5174002
51
750
VA
Radford city
5175002
51
760
VA
Richmond city
5176002
51
770
VA
Roanoke city
5177002
51
775
VA
Salem city
5177502
51
790
VA
Staunton city
5179002
51
800
VA
Suffolk city
5180002
51
810
VA
Virginia Beach city
5181002
51
820
VA
Waynesboro city
5182002
51
830
VA
Williamsburg city
5183002
51
840
VA
Winchester city
5184002
All external file names use the base file name with extensions which identify which of the 12 HPMS
roadway types that the speeds apply to. All file names have the form aabbbcc.ddd, where aa is the FIPS
State, bbb is the FIPS county, cc is the last two digits of the calendar year and ddd indicates the HPMS
roadway type.
A-28
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-7. Trip Length Distributions Provided by State, Local, and Tribal
Agencies
State
FIPS
County FIPS
State
Abbreviation
County Name
Trip Length
File Name
11
1
DC
District of Columbia
1100102
24
9
MD
Calvert County
2400002
24
17
MD
Charles County
2400002
24
21
MD
Frederick County
2400002
24
31
MD
Montgomery County
2400002
24
33
MD
Prince George's County
2400002
48
39
TX
Brazoria County
4803902
48
71
TX
Chambers County
4803902
48
85
TX
Collin County
4808502
48
113
TX
Dallas County
4811302
48
121
TX
Denton County
4808502
48
139
TX
Ellis County
4813902
48
157
TX
FortBend County
4803902
48
167
TX
Galveston County
4803902
48
201
TX
Harris County
4803902
48
213
TX
Henderson County
4813902
48
221
TX
Hood County
4813902
48
231
TX
Hunt County
4813902
48
251
TX
Johnson County
4813902
48
257
TX
Kaufman County
4813902
48
291
TX
Liberty County
4803902
48
339
TX
Montgomery County
4803902
48
367
TX
Parker County
4813902
48
397
TX
Rockwall County
4813902
48
439
TX
Tarrant County
4811302
48
473
TX
Waller County
4803902
51
13
VA
Arlington County
5101302
51
59
VA
Fairfax County
5101302
51
107
VA
Loudoun County
5101302
51
153
VA
Prince William County
5101302
51
179
VA
Stafford County
5101302
51
510
VA
Alexandria City
5101302
51
600
VA
Fairfax City
5101302
51
610
VA
Falls Church City
5101302
51
683
VA
Manassas City
5101302
51
685
VA
Manassas Park City
5101302
All external file names use the file name extension WDT. All file names have the form aabbbcc.wdt,
where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two digits of the calendar year.
A-29
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

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App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-8. Vehicle Miles Traveled by Hour of the Day Distributions
Provided by State, Local, and Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies
State
County
State


FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
VMT by Hour File Name
17
31
IL
Cook County
1703102
17
43
IL
DuPage County
1703102
17
89
IL
Kane County
1703102
17
97
IL
Lake County
1703102
17
111
IL
McHenry County
1703102
17
119
IL
Madison County
1711902
17
133
IL
Monroe County
1711902
17
163
IL
St. Clair County
1711902
17
197
IL
Will County
1703102
36
1
NY
Albany County
3600102
36
3
NY
Allegany County
3600302
36
5
NY
Bronx County
3600502
36
7
NY
Broome County
3600702
36
9
NY
Cattaraugus County
3600302
36
11
NY
Cayuga County
3600302
36
13
NY
Chautauqua County
3600302
36
15
NY
Chemung County
3601502
36
17
NY
Chenango County
3600302
36
19
NY
Clinton County
3600302
36
21
NY
Columbia County
3600302
36
23
NY
Cortland County
3600302
36
25
NY
Delaware County
3600302
36
27
NY
Dutchess County
3602702
36
29
NY
Erie County
3602902
36
31
NY
Essex County
3600302
36
33
NY
Franklin County
3600302
36
35
NY
Fulton County
3600302
36
37
NY
Genesee County
3600302
36
39
NY
Greene County
3600302
36
41
NY
Hamilton County
3600302
36
43
NY
Herkimer County
3600302
36
45
NY
Jefferson County
3600302
36
47
NY
Kings County
3604702
36
49
NY
Lewis County
3600302
36
51
NY
Livingston County
3600302
36
53
NY
Madison County
3600302
36
55
NY
Monroe County
3605502
36
57
NY
Montgomery County
3600302
36
59
NY
Nassau County
3605902
36
61
NY
New York County
3606102
36
63
NY
Niagara County
3606302
36
65
NY
Oneida County
3606502
36
67
NY
Onondaga County
3606702
36
69
NY
Ontario County
3600302
36
71
NY
Orange County
3607102
36
73
NY
Orleans County
3600302
36
75
NY
Oswego County
3600302
36
77
NY
Otsego County
3600302
36
79
NY
Putnam County
3607902
36
81
NY
Queens County
3608102
Documentation for the Final 2002 Mobile
A-30	National Emissions Inventory, Version 3

-------
App. A. Local Data for NCD
September 2007
Table A-8. Vehicle Miles Traveled by Hour of the Day Distributions
Provided by State, Local, and Tribal (S/L/T) Agencies
State
County
State


FIPS
FIPS
Abbreviation
County Name
VMT by Hour File Name
36
83
NY
Rensselaer County
3608302
36
85
NY
Richmond County
3608502
36
87
NY
Rockland County
3608702
36
89
NY
St. Lawrence County
3600302
36
91
NY
Saratoga County
3609102
36
93
NY
Schenectady County
3609302
36
95
NY
Schoharie County
3600302
36
97
NY
Schuyler County
3600302
36
99
NY
Seneca County
3600302
36
101
NY
Steuben County
3600302
36
103
NY
Suffolk County
3610302
36
105
NY
Sullivan County
3600302
36
107
NY
Tioga County
3600302
36
109
NY
Tompkins County
3610902
36
111
NY
Ulster County
3600302
36
113
NY
Warren County
3611302
36
115
NY
Washington County
3611502
36
117
NY
Wayne County
3600302
36
119
NY
Westchester County
3611902
36
121
NY
Wyoming County
3600302
36
123
NY
Yates County
3600302
48
85
TX
Collin County
4808502
48
113
TX
Dallas County
4808502
48
121
TX
Denton County
4808502
48
139
TX
Ellis County
4813902
48
213
TX
Henderson County
4813902
48
221
TX
Hood County
4813902
48
231
TX
Hunt County
4813902
48
251
TX
Johnson County
4813902
48
257
TX
Kaufman County
4813902
48
367
TX
Parker County
4813902
48
397
TX
Rockwall County
4813902
48
439
TX
Tarrant County
4808502
49
11
UT
Davis County
4901102
49
35
UT
Salt Lake County
4903502
49
49
UT
Utah County
4904902
49
57
UT
Weber County
4905702
All external file names use the file name extension VMT. All file names have the form aabbbcc.vmt,
where aa is the FIPS State, bbb is the FIPS county and cc is the last two digits of the calendar year.
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	September 2007
APPENDIX B.ONROAD MOBILE EMISSIONS DATA
SUMMARIES FOR S/L/T SUBMITTALS
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
ALABAMA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Alabama Department of Environmental Management
Lisa Cole
lbcole@adem.state.al.us
334-270-5615
348
CO, NOX, NH3, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
• Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
Additions
All HAPs.
ARIZONA - MARICOPA COUNTY
S/L/T Agency: Maricopa Association of Governments
Roger Roy
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
rroy@mag.maricopa.gov
602-254-6300
96
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
Deleted monthly emissions.
Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
ARIZONA - PIMA COUNTY
S/L/T Agency: Pima Association of Governments
Contact	Natalie Shepp
Information: nshepp@pagnet.org
520-792-1093
SCCs:	8
CAPs:	CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	Summed seasonal values into annual values and in unit of 'TON' instead of 'LBS'.
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
Additions
Added PM25-PRI, NH3, all HAPs.
Note: The emissions of CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, S02, VOC were reported as daily emissions
(Emission Type =27), not total seasonal emissions, but with start and end dates covering three
seasons making up the entire year. Therefore, emissions for these pollutants are reported
incorrectly in the draft 2002 NEI. Emissions should have first been calculated as total
emissions for each season before summing to obtain annual emissions. However, preliminary
checks on this indicate that the magnitude of the starting emissions are not truly daily lbs,
either. These emissions will need to be reevaluated for the final 2002 NEI.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
ARKANSAS
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality
Ron Hoofman
hoofman@adeq.state.ar.us
501-682-0537
8
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Deleted all winter and summer emission values.
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
CALIFORNIA
S/L/T Agency: California Air Resources Board
Andy Alexis
Contact
Information
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
916-323-1085
aalexis@arb.ca.gov
31	CAPs, 27 HAPs (from onroad sources only)
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
32	HAPS
Corrections
•	Deleted emission records for SCCs other than onroad sources.
•	Deleted emission records for arsenic (7440382) and mercury (7439976), as well as for
other HAPs not included in the onroad NEI.
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
•	For CO, NH3, NOX, S02, and VOC, replaced last digit of SCC with 'X' for SCCs
ending in '0' or 'B'. For PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI, replaced last digit of SCC with
'X' for SCCs ending in '0'.
Additions
•	Added remaining HAPs from NMIM.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
COLORADO
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Colorado APCD
Dale M. Wells
303-692-3237
dale.wells@state.co.us
636 (includes records marked with submittal flag of 'D'; 144 SCCs from
records marked with submittal flag of 'A')
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, S02, VOC
35
Corrections
•	Deleted emission records with submittal flag of 'D\
•	Deleted daily emission records.
•	All remaining SCCs (with submittal flag of 'A') ended in '0'. Performed
exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions allocation.
•	Deleted emission records for arsenic (7440382) and mercury (7439976).
Additions
•	Added PM25-PRI and remaining HAPs from NMIM.
CONNECTICUT
S/L/T Agency: Connecticut DEP
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Steven Potter
860-424-3384
steven.potter@po.state.ct.us
8
CO, NOX, VOC
None
Corrections
Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
Additions
Added S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, NH3 and all HAPs from NMIM.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
DELAWARE
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Delaware Dept of Natural Resources & Environmental Control, AQMS
David Fees
david. fees@state. de .us
302-739-4791
492
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
50
Corrections
•	None.
Additions
•	Added emissions for manganese compounds (198) and nickel compounds (226) from
NMIM.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
FLORIDA - PINELLAS COUNTY
S/L/T Agency: Pinellas County Department of Environmental Management
Bob Soptei
Contact
Information
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
727-464-4422
bsoptei@co.pinellas.fl.us
8
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Revised the following pollutant codes: 630080 to CO, 7446095 to S02, 7664417 to
NH3, PM10 to PM10-PRI, and PM25P to PM25-PRI.
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
•	Replaced tribal code with '000'.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
GEORGIA-25-County Atlanta Area
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Georgia Environmental Protection Division
Jon Morton
404 363 7039
j on_morton@dnr. state. ga .us
96
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
Additions
All HAPs.
GEORGIA (Rest-of-State)
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Georgia Environmental Protection Division
Jon Morton
404 363 7039
j on_morton@dnr. state. ga .us
348
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
Deleted all data for Pickens County (227) where last digit of SCC is not equal to '0'.
Emissions for Pickens County data were included in the Atlanta area data set with
SCCs ending in '0'.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
IDAHO
S/L/T Agency: DEQ
Contact	Gary Reinbold
Information: 208-373-0253
greinbol@deq. state, id.us
SCCs:	48
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, VOC
HAPs:	106990, 107028, 1634044, 50000, 71432, 75070
Corrections
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
Additions
PM25-PRI, 44 HAPs.
ILLINOIS
S/L/T Agency: Illinois EPA
Contact	David 'Buzz' Asselmeier
Information: 217-524-4343
buzz. asselmeier@epa. state, il.us
SCCs:	104
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	Totaled monthly emissions to annual emissions.
•	Deleted ozone season day emission values.
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
IOWA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Iowa DNR - Air Quality
Mamie Stein
515-281-8468
mamie. stein@dnr. state. ia .us
2
NH3
None
Corrections
•	Updated transmittal data for all counties. The source type was updated from 'AREA'
to 'ON-ROAD MOBILE'.
•	Allocated emission data from two vehicle types to 12 vehicle types. NH3 emissions
from SCC '2201001000' were allocated to 2201001, 2201020, 2201040, 2201070, and
2201080 vehicle types. NH3 emissions from SCC '2230001000' were allocated to
2230001, 2230060, 2230071, 2230072, 2230073, 2230074, and 2230075 vehicle types.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
Additions
Added emissions of CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC, and all HAPs from
NMIM.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
KENTUCKY- JEFFERSON COUNTY
S/L/T Agency: Louisville Metro APCD
Gary Flispart
Contact
Information
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
502-574-6000
Gary.Flispart@loukymetro.org
CAPs-492, HAPs-144
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
33
Corrections
•	Deleted daily emissions.
•	All HAP SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative emissions allocation for
HAPs.
Additions
•	Remaining HAPs.
MAINE
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Bureau of Air Quality Control, DEP
David Wright
207-287-6104
david.w.wright@state.me.us
492
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
MAINE-PENOBSCOT TRIBE
S/L/T Agency: ITEP
Sarah Kelly
Contact
Information
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
928-523-6377
S arahKelly@nau.edu
3
CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, S02, VOC
106990, 107028, 1634044, 50000, 71432, 75070
Corrections
•	None. Emissions and VMT data were added to NEI for only the 3 SCCs included. No
allocation of emissions or VMT were performed.
Additions
•	None.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
MASSACHUSETTS
S/L/T Agency: MADEP
Contact	Kenneth Santlal
Information: 617-292-5776
kenneth. santlal@state .ma.us
SCCs:	492
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
None.
Additions
All HAPs.
Note: The Massachusetts criteria pollutant emissions in the draft 2002 NEI are those prepared
for the final version of the MANE-VU 2002 emission inventory.
MICHIGAN - 7 SEMCOG COUNTIES (093, 099,115,125,147,161, and
163)
MI DEQ - Air Quality
Allan Ostrander
517-335-2717
ostranda@michigan.gov
SCCs:	8
CAPs:	CO, NOX, VOC
HAPs:	None
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
Corrections
Deleted daily emissions.
Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
Additions
NH3, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, and all HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
MINNESOTA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
Chun Yi Wu
651-282-5855
chun.yi.wu@pca.state.mn.us
2
NH3
None
Corrections
•	Updated transmittal data for all counties. The source type was updated from 'AREA'
to 'ON-ROAD MOBILE'.
•	Allocated emission data from two vehicle types to 12 vehicle types. NH3 emissions
from SCC '2201001000' were allocated to 2201001, 2201020, 2201040, 2201070, and
2201080 vehicle types. NH3 emissions from SCC '2230001000' were allocated to
2230001, 2230060, 2230071, 2230072, 2230073, 2230074, and 2230075 vehicle types.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
Additions
Added emissions of CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC, and all HAPs from
NMIM.
MISSISSIPPI
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Mississippi DEQ
Keith Head
601-961-5577
Keith_Head@deq. state. ms .us
348
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDY subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
MISSOURI
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Department of Natural Resources Air Pollution C ontrol Program
Carlton Flowers
573-751-4817
carlton. flowers@dnr. gov
8
CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Deleted seasonal daily emissions.
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
Additions
NH3 and all HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
NEBRASKA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
LANCASTER COUNTY
Lincoln-Lancaster County Health Department
Gary Bergstrom
402-441-6541
gbergstrom@ci.lincoln.ne.us
8
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Deleted unpaved road emissions (SCC=2296000000).
•	Deleted emissions reported with pollutant code "HAPS".
•	Changed pollutant code from SOX to S02.
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
•	Replaced tribal code with '000'.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
NEVADA - CLARK COUNTY
S/L/T Agency: DAQM
Contact	Ebrahim Juma
Information: 702-455-5942
juma@co.clark.nv.us
SCCs:	494
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
Deleted emission data for SCCs '2294000000' and 2296000000.
Additions
All HAPs.
NEVADA (excluding Clark and Washoe Counties)
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
NDEP
Sig
775-687-9392
sj aunara@ndep. state. nv.us
456
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
NEW YORK
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
NYSDEC BAQP MSS
Jeff Marshall
518-402-8396
j tmarsha@gw. dec. state .ny.us
588 (includes 96 invalid SCCs, corrected as described below)
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Corrected several field names and formats in the emission table, as some of the data
fields were not correctly matched to the field name and most of the field names were
not NIF-compliant.
•	Deleted emission records with no corresponding VMT record in PE table.
•	Deleted emission records with SCC starting with '2230' and ending with 'V' as there
are no valid SCCs for evaporative emissions from diesels. Emissions from these
records totaled 0.
•	Replaced SCC code for records starting with an invalid SCC code of "2201700" with
the corrected SCC code starting with "2201070".
•	Changed pollutant code from NOx to NOX, PM10-FIL to PM10-PRI and code of
PM25-FIL to PM25-PRI.
•	Corrected VMT values in four counties (Lewis, Rockland, Wayne, and Wyoming) for
one 9-digit SCC in each county based on corrected data provided by New York.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
NORTH CAROLINA
S/L/T Agency: NCDAQ
Contact	Mike Abraczinskas
Information: 919-715-3743
michael. abraczinskas@ncmail. net
SCCs:	348
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	Replaced affiliation type code in TR table with 'Report Certifier' instead of '02'.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
PENNSYLVANIA
S/L/T Agency: PA DEP
Contact	Brian Trowbridge
Information: 717-783-9720
brtrowbrid@state.pa.us
SCCs:	494 (includes double-counting of SCCs for PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI)
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	All NOx, CO, S02, and NH3 SCCs ended in '0'. Replaced the tenth digit of the SCC
code with "X" for all emission records of NOx, CO, S02, andNH3.
•	Emissions from PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI reported with SCCs ending in '0', 'X', 'B',
and 'T', with emissions from SCCs ending in '0' equivalent to the sum of the emissions
from SCCs ending in 'X', 'B', and 'T\ Deleted emission records with SCC code
ending with '0' for pollutant codes of PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI to eliminate double-
counting of these emissions.
•	All VOC SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative emissions allocation.
•	Changed pollutant code from NOx to NOX.
•	Changed the Organization Name field for all records in TR table from US EPA EFIG
to Pennsylvania DEP.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
TENNESSEE (Excluded the following counties: Davidson (037), Knox (093) and
Hamilton (065), and Shelby (157))
S/L/T Agency: TDEC APC
Contact	Ron Redus
Information: 615-532-0577
ron.redus@state.tn.us
SCCs:	144
CAPs:	CO, NOX, NH3, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Updated tribal code to '000'.
Additions
•	Added emissions for all CAPs and HAPs for Hamilton County and Shelby County
from NMIM.
•	Added HAPs from NMIM for counties included in this State submittal.
TENNESSEE
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
- KNOX COUNTY (093)
TDEC
Ron Redus
615-532-0577
ron.redus@state.tn.us
144
CO, NOX, NH3, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Correction
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Updated tribal code to '000'.
Additions
All HAPs.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
TENNESSEE - DAVIDSON COUNTY (037)
S/L/T Agency: Metro Public Health Department Nashville/Davidson Cty
Contact	Laura Artates
Information: 615-340-5653
laura. artates@nashville. gov
SCCs:	8
CAPs:	CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Road type portion of SCC coded with '00'. Allocated emissions to 12 road types.
•	Deleted daily values.
•	Updated tribal code to '000'.
Additions
None.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
TEXAS
S/L/T Agency: Texas Commission On Environmental Quality
Contact	Anusuya Iyer
Information: 512-239-1435
aiyer@tceq. state. tx .us
SCCs:	576
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	Deleted daily emission records.
•	Changed pollutant codes from PM10-FIL to PM10-PRI and PM25-FIL to PM25-PRI.
•	All NOx, CO, S02, and NH3 SCCs ended in '0'. Replaced the tenth digit of the SCC
code with "X" for all emission records of NOx, CO, S02, andNH3.
•	All VOC SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative emissions allocation.
•	Replaced tribal code with '000'.
Additions
All HAPs.
UTAH
S/L/T Agency: UT Division of Air Quality
Contact	Carol Nielsen
Information: 801-536-4073
cnielsen@utah.gov
SCCs:	96
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	106990, 107028, 1634044, 50000, 71432, 75070
Corrections
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation.
•	Deleted PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI emissions. Based on supporting information
provided by Utah, these emissions also included fugitive dust emissions.
Additions
•	Added emissions for PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, and remaining HAPs from NMIM.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
VERMONT
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
VT Air Pollution Control Division
Paul Wishinski
802-241-3862
paul.wishinski@anr.state.vt.us
88
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, S02, VOC
106990, 107028, 1634044, 50000, 71432, 7439976, 7440020, 7440382,
75070
Corrections
•	Deleted emission records with submittal flag of "RD".
•	Deleted all seasonal emission records.
•	Deleted emission records for arsenic (7440382) and mercury (7439976).
•	Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
•	All SCCs ended in '0'. Performed exhaust/evaporative/brake wear/tire wear emissions
allocation. Summed monthly emission values to annual values and replaced the start
date with 20020101 and the end date with 20021231.
Additions
•	Added emissions for PM25-PRI based on the relationship between PM10-PRI and
PM25-PRI for Vermont from the NMIM outputs and added remaining HAPs from
NMIM.
Note: The Vermont criteria pollutant emissions in the draft 2002 NEI are those prepared for
the final version of the MANE-VU 2002 emission inventory.
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App. B. ONROAD MOBILE Emissions Data
September 2007
WASHINGTON
S/L/T Agency: WA Dept. of Ecology
Contact	Sally Otterson
Information: 360-407-6806
sott461 @ecy. wa.gov
SCCs:	492
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	50
Corrections
•	Deleted seasonal emission values.
Additions
•	Added emissions for manganese compounds (198) and nickel compounds (226) from
NMIM.
WEST VIRGINIA
S/L/T Agency: WVDEP Division of Air Quality
Contact	David Porter
Information: 304-926-3647
dporter@wvdep. org
SCCs:	348
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
• Emissions provided for 8 vehicle types. Allocated emissions for SCC starting with
'2230070' to five HDDV subcategories (SCCs '2230071' through '2230075').
Additions
All HAPs.
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	September 2007
APPENDIX C.NONROAD MODEL EMISSIONS DATA
SUMMARIES FOR S/L/T SUBMITTALS
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
ALABAMA
S/L/T Agency:	Alabama Department of Environmental Management
Contact	Lisa B. Cole
Information:	lbcolea@adem. state, al. us
(334) 270-5615
SCCs:	196
CAPs:	CO, NOX, NH3, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
None
Additions
CO, NOX, NH3, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC (for some SCCs)
All HAPs
ARIZONA - MARICOPA COUNTY
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Maricopa County
Bob Downing
bdowning@mail.maricopa.gov
(602) 506-6790
216
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None
Additions
All HAPs
Notes:
1. Submitted 2 additional SCCs not included in NONROAD model, including
2265008010 and 2270008010; emission records for these SCCs could not be
augmented with missing pollutants.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
ARKANSAS
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality
Ron Hoofman
hoofman@adeq. state, ar.us
(501) 682-0537
193
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
Removed seasonal records
Additions
All HAPs
CALIFORNIA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
California Air Resources Board
Andy Alexis
aalexis@arb.ca.gov
(916)323-1085
30
CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
32 HAPS
Corrections
•	Changed TONS in Emission Unit Numerator to TON (EM table)
•	Removed records with pollutant code 1151; not a valid NIF3.0 HAP
Additions
NH3
Notes:
1. The California PE table had no data in it. The PE and EP tables from NMIM runs were
used and the records were rolled up to the more aggregate SCCs provided by
California.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
CALIFORNIA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
LAPOSTA TRIBE
ITEP
Sarah Kelly
Sarah.Kelly@nau.edu
(928)523-6377
3
CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None
Additions
Added PM25-PRI records using particle size distribution multipliers in NONROAD.
COLORADO
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Colorado APCD
Dale M. Wells
dale.wells@state.co.us
(303) 692-3237
214
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Removed summer day emissions
•	Revised VOC emissions for 1 record to correct for NONROAD NIF reporting error
(STCTY FIPS 08079; SCC 2270002066)
Additions
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC (for some counties)
All HAPS
Notes:
1.	Colorado had two sets of records for Adams, Boulder, Jefferson, and Weld Counties.
They were differentiated by submittal flags and those with "A" submittal flags were
deleted and those with "RA" submittal flags were kept.
2.	EPA used default 2002 NMIM results for Colorado for final NEI.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
DELAWARE
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Delaware Air Quality Management, DNREC
David Fees
david. fees@state. de .us
(302) 739-4791
214
CO, C02, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
55
Corrections
•	Removed C02 records
•	Removed 5 HAPs not on list of valid NIF3.0 HAPs
Additions
None
Notes:
1. Started with 2002 MANE-VU CAP modeling inventory as basis.
FLORIDA - PINELLAS COUNTY
S/L/T Agency: PINELLAS COUNTY FLORIDA
Contact	Bob Soptei
Information: bsoptei@pinellascounty.org
727-464-4719
SCCs:	12
CAPs:	Provided comments for final NEI to delete specified CAP emission records
HAPs:	Provided comments for final NEI to delete specified HAP emission records
Corrections
None
Additions
None
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
GEORGIA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Georgia Environmental Protection Division
Scott Southwick
sc ott_southwick@dnr. state. ga .us
(404) 362-4569
200
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None
Additions
NH3, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
All HAPs
IDAHO
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
DEQ
Gary Reinbold
greinbol@deq. state, id.us
(208) 373-0253
199
CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, PM-PRI, VOC
None
Corrections
Deleted PM-PRI from EM and CE tables
Additions
NH3 and S02
CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
All HAPs
Notes:
1. Idaho submitted two additional SCCs (2270002063 & 2265001020) not in the
NONROAD model. As such, these SCCs could not be augmented with missing
pollutant data.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
ILLINOIS
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Illinois EPA
David 'Buzz' Asselmeier
buzz. asselmeier@epa. state, il.us
(217) 524-4343
214
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
Removed summer day records
Additions
NH3 (for some counties)
All HAPs
Notes:
1. EPA used default 2002 NMIM results for Illinois for final NEI.
KENTUCKY- JEFFERSON COUNTY
S/L/T Agency: Louisville Metro APCD
Gary Flispart
Gary.Flispart@loukymetro.org
(502) 574-6000
SCCs:	185
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Contact
Information
Corrections
None
Additions
NH3, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
All HAPs
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
MAINE
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Maine DEP Bureau of Air Quality
David Wright
David.W.Wright@maine.gov
(207) 287-6104
214
CO, C02, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Removed C02 records
•	Removed average summer day and winter weekday records
Additions
All HAPs
Notes:
1 Started with 2002 MANE-VU CAP modeling inventory as basis.
MAINE - PENOBSCOT TRIBE
S/L/T Agency: ITEP
Contact	Angelique Luedeker
Information: angelique.luedeker@nau.edu
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
928-523-5037
8
CO, NOX, PM-PRI, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
13
Corrections
None
Additions
None
Notes:
1. Tribal data not available from EPA NMIM data to augment missing SCCs and
pollutants.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
MARYLAND
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Maryland Department of the Environment
Roger Thunell
rthunell@mde.state.md.us
(410)537-3273
207
CO, C02, NH3, NOX, PM-PRI, S02, HC
None
Corrections
Changed PM-PRI to PM10-PRI
•	Converted HC to VOC using SCC-level NONROAD model conversion factors
•	Removed C02 records
Additions
CO, NH3, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
•	Added PM25-PRI records using particle size distribution multipliers in NONROAD
All HAPs
Notes:
1.	Started with 2002 MANE-VU CAP modeling inventory as basis.
2.	Maryland submitted seasonal records, representing summer, autumn, winter, and
spring. These were summed together to develop annual emissions.
MICHIGAN
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Michigan DEQ Air Quality
Allan Ostrander
ostranda@michigan. gov
(517)335-2717
214
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None
Additions
Notes:
1 .Michigan requested that EPA use the default 2002 NMIM results for their State in place of
their submittal.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
MISSISSIPPI
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Mississippi DEQ
Keith Head
Keith_Head@deq.state.ms.us
(601)961-5577
192
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None
Additions
CO, NH3, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
All HAPs
NEBRASKA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
LANCASTER COUNTY
Lincoln-Lancaster County Health Department
Gary Bergstrom
gbergstrom@ci.lincoln.ne.us
(402) 441-6541
1
CO, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None
Additions
Notes:
1 Lancaster County requested that EPA use the default 2002 NMIM results for their State in
place of their submittal.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
NEVADA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
NDEP
Brenda Harpring
bharprin@ndep. nv. go v
(775) 687-9498
185
CO, NOX, PM-PRI
None
Corrections
Changed PM-PRI to PM10-PRI
Additions
NH3, S02, VOC
•	NOX, and PM10-PRI (for some counties)
•	Added PM25-PRI using particle size distribution multipliers in NONROAD
All HAPs
Notes:
1.	Nevada's submittal included all counties except for Clark and Washoe County. Clark
County provided its own submittal, and Washoe county records were added based on
EPA's default inventory.
2.	Nevada submitted seasonal records, representing summer, autumn, winter, and spring.
These were summed together to develop annual emissions.
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September 2007
NEVADA - CLARK COUNTY
S/L/T Agency: DAQM
Contact	Ebrahim Juma
Information: UMA@CO.CLARK.NV.US
(702) 455-1621
SCCs:	183
CAPs:	CO, C02, HC, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, SOX
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	Renamed SOX to S02
•	Converted HC to VOC using SCC-level NONROAD model conversion factors
•	Removed C02 records
Additions
NH3
NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC (for some counties)
All HAPs
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September 2007
NEW HAMPSHIRE
S/L/T Agency: NH Dept of Environmental Services Air Resources Division
Contact	David Healy
Information: dhealy@des.state.nh.us
(603) 271-0871
SCCs:	6
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	32
Corrections
•	NH provided HAP emissions at an SCC-aggregated level (i.e., 4-digit SCC or engine
type).
•	Estimated PM25-PRI emissions for SCC 2270008000 using the assumption that 97%
of PM10 is PM25 (NONROAD2004).
•	Where HAPs matched EPA reported HAPs in preliminary NEI, EPA estimated 10-digit
SCC emissions using county ratio of 10-digit to 4-digit SCC pollutant emissions from
the 2002 preliminary NEI for NH.
•	For non-matching HAPs:
•	Allocated p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene (CAS 106423, 108383, 95476)
based on Xylenes mixture (CAS 1330207).
•	Allocated Chromium & Compounds (CAS 136) based on Chromium III (CAS
16065831).
•	Allocated Manganese & Compounds (CAS 198) based on Manganese
(7439965).
•	Allocated Nickel & Compounds (CAS 226) based on Nickel (CAS 7440020).
•	Removed records for Mercury (CAS 7439976) and Arsenic & Compounds (CAS 93).
•	All other reported non-matching HAP estimates were retained at the 4-digit SCC level.
Additions
NH3
CO, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
Notes:
1.	Started with 2002 MANE-VU CAP modeling inventory as basis, which had already
compiled the NR Model output from NR Model runs they performed to develop the
CAP inventory in NIF3.0 format at the 10-digit SCC level..
2.	Submitted 1 additional SCC not in NONROAD model (2270008000); as such, this
SCC could not be augmented with missing pollutant data (except for PM25-PRI as
described above).
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
NEW JERSEY
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
NJ Department of Environmental Protection
John Gorgol
john. gorgol@dep .state.nj .us
(609)292-1413
216
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
None
Additions
All HAPs
Notes:
1.	Started with 2002 MANE-VU CAP modeling inventory as basis.
2.	Submitted 2 additional SCCs not included in NONROAD model, including
2260008005 and 2268008005; emission records for these SCCs could not be
augmented with missing pollutants.
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September 2007
NEW YORK
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
NYSDEC Division of Air Resources BAQP/MSS
Kevin P. McGarry
kpmcgarr@gw. dec .state .ny.us
(518) 402-8396
214
CO, C02, NH3, NOX, PM, PM25, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Removed C02 records
Changed PM to PM 10-PRI and PM25 to PM25-PRI
•	Removed Material Code "0" from EM and PE tables
•	Removed SIC code "0" from EP table
•	Divided NH3 emissions by 1,000 to convert the emissions to the correct unit basis.
Additions
All HAPs
Notes:
1. Started with 2002 MANE-VU CAP modeling inventory as basis.
NORTH CAROLINA
S/L/T Agency: E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.
Contact	Kirstin B. Thesing
Information: kthesing@pechan.com
(919) 493-3144
SCCs:	201
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
• Added Affiliation Type Code "Report Certifier" to TR table.
Additions
CO, NH3, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
All HAPs
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September 2007
OREGON
S/L/T Agency:	ODEQ
Contact	Jeffrey Stocum
Information:	Stocum.jeffrey@deq.state.or.us
(503) 229-5506
SCCs:	38
CAPs:	CO, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC
HAPs:	34
Corrections
EM table
Changed PM10 to PM10-PRI
Changed PM25 to PM25-PRI
•	Changed CAS Number 630080 to CO
•	Changed SOX to S02
•	Allocated 7-digit SCC estimates for Chromium & Compounds (CAS 136) using 10-
digit SCC estimates for Chromium III (CAS 16065831)
•	Removed records for Mercury (CAS 7439976) and Flourine (CAS 7782414)
EM and PE Table
•	Changed PER CAPITA in Throughput Unit Numerator field to EACH
•	Changed HOURS of 0[peration] in Throughput Unit Numerator field to HOUR
•	Changed Gallons bu[rned] in Throughput Unit Numerator field to GAL
CE Table
•	Deleted the CE table since there was no primary device type listed and no controlled
emissions were in the table.
Additions
NH3 and 15 HAPs
•	CO, S02, and 28 HAPs (for some counties)
Notes:
1. Oregon's submittal was provided at the nonroad category level (i.e., the 7-digit SCC
level). EPA estimated 10-digit SCC emissions using county ratio of 10-digit to 7-digit
SCC pollutant emissions from the 2002 preliminary NEI for Oregon. This was done
for all HAPs except flourine compounds (CAS 7782414) since flourine compounds is
not a valid NIF3.0 HAP.
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September 2007
PENNSYLVANIA
S/L/T Agency: PA DEP
Contact	Chris Trostle
Information: dtrostle@state.pa.us
(717) 787-9494
SCCs:	214
CAPs:	CO, C02, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
•	Removed C02 records
•	Removed average summer weekday and average winter weekday records
Additions
All HAPs
Notes:
1. Started with 2002 MANE-VU CAP modeling inventory as basis.
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September 2007
TENNESSEE
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
TDEC APC
James R. Redus
Ron.Redus@state.tn.us
(615)532-0577
201
CO, NOX, PM-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
Changed PM-PRI to PM10-PRI
Additions
NH3
CO, NOX, S02, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
• Added PM25-PRI records using particle size distribution multipliers in NONROAD
All HAPs
Notes:
1. Tennessee's submittal included all counties except for Davidson, Hamilton, Knox, and
Shelby Counties. Davidson County provided its own submittal, and records for
Hamilton, Knox, and Shelby counties were added based on EPA's default inventory.
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September 2007
TENNESSEE
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
DAVIDSON COUNTY
Metro Public Health Department Nashville/Davidson Cty
Laura Artates
laura. artates@nashville. gov
(615) 340-5653
192
CO, NOX, PM-PRI, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
Changed PM-PRI to PM10-PRI
Additions
NH3
NOX, S02, PM 10-PRI, PM25-PRI, VOC (for some counties)
• Added PM25-PRI records using particle size distribution multipliers in NONROAD
All HAPs
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
TEXAS
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
TCEQ
Charlie Rubick
cmbick@tceq.state.tx.us
(512) 239-0058
219
CO, C02, NH3, NOX, PM10-FIL, PM10-PRI, PM25-FIL, PM25-PRI,
S02, VOC
None
Corrections
•	Removed daily records
•	Removed C02, PM10-FIL and PM25-FIL records
•	Removed records with a submittal flag of "D"
Changed "TONS" to "TON", "LBS" to "LB"
Additions
•	NH3 (for some counties)
All HAPs
Notes:
1.	Submitted 2 additional SCCs not in NONROAD model including 2270002063 and
2270008000; emission records for these SCCs could not be augmented with missing
pollutants.
2.	Submitted emissions data for 3 oil field equipment SCCs for final 2002 NEI.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
UTAH
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
UT Division of Air Quality
Carol A. Nielsen
CANielsen@Utah.gov
(801) 536-4073
214
CO, NOX, PM10, S02, VOC
None
Corrections
Changed PM10 to PM10-PRI
•	VOC actually represented HC emissions - converted emission values to VOC using
SCC-specific NONROAD conversion factors
Additions
NH3
•	Added PM25-PRI records using NONROAD particle size distribution multipliers
All HAPs
Notes:
1.	Records were labeled as seasonal that actually represented annual emissions; start date,
end date, and emission type were corrected to reflect annual time period.
2.	EPA used default 2002 NMIM results for Utah for final NEI.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
VIRGINIA
S/L/T Agency:
Contact
Information:
SCCs:
CAPs:
HAPs:
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
Thomas C. Foster
tcfoster@deq.state.va.us
(804) 698-4411
214
CO, NOX, VOC
None
Corrections
None.
Additions
Notes:
1. Virginia only submitted daily emission estimates; as such, EPA used the default 2002
NMIM results for the annual emissions inventory for this State.
WASHINGTON
S/L/T Agency: WA Dept. of Ecology
Contact	Sally Otterson
Information:	sott461@ecy.wa.gov
(360) 407-6806
SCCs:	214
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	49
Corrections
•	Removed seasonal records
Additions
•	NH3 (for some counties)
•	1 HAP (for some counties), Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (CAS 1634044)
Notes:
1. Washington's inventory did not include King, Kitsap, Pierce or Snohomish counties.
Records for these counties were added based on EPA's default NMIM inventory.
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App. C. NONROAD Model Data
September 2007
WEST VIRGINIA
S/L/T Agency: WVDEP Division of Air Quality
Contact	David Porter
Information: dporter@wvdep.org
(304) 926-3647
SCCs:	193
CAPs:	CO, NH3, NOX, PM-PRI, S02, VOC
HAPs:	None
Corrections
Changed PM-PRI to PM10-PRI
•	Removed summer weekday records
Additions
CO, NH3, NOX, PM10-PRI, PM25-PRI, S02, VOC (for some counties)
•	Added PM25-PRI records by using NONROAD particle size distribution multipliers
All HAPs
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United States	Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards	Publication No. EPA-454/B-20-022
Environmental Protection	Air Quality Assessment Division	September 2007
Agency	Research Triangle Park, NC

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