RCRA Public Participation Manual - Tools	-S.EPA
EPA-530-F-20-001 | https://www.epa.gov/rcra
Community Advisory Groups
A Community Advisory Group (CAG) is a committee, task force, or board of community stakeholders that meets routinely
to discuss issues involving a particular facility. CAGs allow for the exchange of concerns and information between
community members, facility owners or operators, and the permitting agency on RCRA activities. These public forums
allow for representatives of diverse community interests to present and discuss their needs and concerns with the
government and/or the facility. CAGs can be a good way to increase active community participation in environmental
decision-making and provide a voice for affected community members and groups.
The best setup for a CAG depends on the situation. For instance, a community organization may create a CAG of affected
community members to ensure the community has a voice in decisions made at the facility. Facility owners or operators
may create a CAG of affected community members to provide informal or formal advice to ensure the community is
involved. A permitting agency may form a CAG of stakeholders from the facility, the community, and the permitting
agency to discuss issues and make informed decisions related to the permitting of a facility.
In establishing a CAG, it is important to bear in mind that the size of a group can often have an impact on its
effectiveness. For example, too large a group can inhibit how efficiently it can work and come to consensus on issues,
and too small a group may be inadequate in representing diverse community concerns. Although CAGs are a useful tool
in many situations, they may not always be appropriate. See the "When to Use" section below for a list of factors to
consider before forming a CAG.
Forming a CAG does not necessarily mean that there will be universal agreement about permitting or corrective action
issues. Nor does having a CAG mean there will be no controversy during the process. However, when decisions made by
the facility or the permitting agency differ from the stated preferences of a CAG, the facility or the agency should accept
the responsibility of explaining its decisions to CAG members.
EPA's Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation issued 5uidance for Community Advisory Groups at
Superfund Sites. Although there are many differences between the Superfund and RCRA programs (most notably that
Superfund often deals with abandoned sites while RCRA typically deals with operating or potential new facilities), a large
part of the Superfund CAG guidance discusses CAG development, membership, and training that may be applicable to
some RCRA CAGs.
Required activity?
No. However, EPA regulations contain standards for advisory groups if EPA decides to require them under the Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR) at Part 40. These standards are located in 40 CFR § 25.7. Although these standards may
not apply to all types of advisory groups used in conjunction with RCRA permitting, they provide useful guidance for
agencies, facilities, and public interest groups who may want to use advisory groups. Exhibit 5-3 in Chapter 5 of the 2016
Edition of the RCRA Public Participation Manual contains additional information and resources on the use of CAGs and
other public participation activities.
Making it Work
CAGs can be a time-consuming and expensive endeavor. Membership selection, meeting preparation and follow-up,
information dissemination, and training all take resources. However, there are no Technical Assistance Grants (TAGs),
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Community Advisory Groups

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SEPA	RCRA Public Participation Manual - Tools
https://www.epa.gov/rcra
which are administered by the Superfund Program, or other resources to help defray the costs of CAGs formed under the
RCRA program.
When to Use
A CAG can be formed at any point in the permitting or corrective action process, and may be most effective in the early
stages. Generally, the earlier a CAG is formed, the more members can participate in and influence decision-making.
However, when considering whether a CAG is appropriate for the situation, consider the following factors:
•	What is the level of community concern regarding the facility?
•	Has the community expressed interest in forming a CAG?
•	Do groups with competing agendas exist in the community?
•	Are there environmental justice issues or concerns related to the facility?
•	What is the history of community involvement with the facility, or with environmental issues in general?
•	What is the working relationship between the facility, the community, and the permitting agency?
It may be helpful to provide a public notice, hold a public meeting, or issue a news release in order to inform the
community about the opportunity to join the CAG. The CAG may choose to provide public participation activities (such as
meetings, newsletters, website updates, or availability sessions) as part of its mission.
If CAGs do not accurately reflect or account for public concerns, they may lose support in the community. In addition,
uncertainty about the group's charter may cause conflict and hard feelings. When using a CAG, the mission and
responsibilities of the CAG must be made clear from the start. Finally, CAGs can spend so much time agreeing on
procedures that they drive away people who are more concerned with the issues. This problem can be sharply reduced if
an advisory group agrees to work on a consensus basis rather than by majority vote.
How to Use
See the Superfund CAG website. EPA's Guidance for Community Advisory Groups at Superfund Sites, and 40 CFR § 25.7
(Appendix A) for information on how to set up CAGs. Keep in mind that CAGs under the RCRA program will differ from
CAGs under Superfund, as they are two different programs.
Tips
•	Involve the community early in the process.
•	A CAG should represent the range of diverse views and perspectives of members of the community.
•	CAGs can increase active community participation in environmental decision-making and provide a voice for affected
community members and groups.
•	CAGs promote direct, two-way communication among the community, the permitting agency, and the facility, and can
highlight an organization's commitment to inclusive stakeholder input.
•	Forming a CAG is time-intensive but may be well worth the investment of time and resources depending on the
circumstances.
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