PEER REVIEW DRAFT. DO NOT CITE OR QUOTE -S-EPA United States Office of Chemical Safety and Environmental Protection Agency Pollution Prevention Risk Evaluation for T richloroethylene Systematic Review Supplemental File: Data Extraction Tables for Environmental Monitoring Data CASRN: 79-01-6 CI. H CI CI February 2020 ------- Monitoring Data Extracted for TCE for Indoor Air, Personal Breathing Zone, Surface Water, and Wastewater Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score Indoor Air (|jg/m3) US IL, IN, OH, Ml, MN, Wl (Great Lakes Region) Residential Non-institutionalized persons residing in households in six states 1995- 1997 402 (0.361) NR ND to NR 3.84 (mean); 0.56 (median) 14003 (Clavton et al.. 1999) High US NR Commercial/Public (Near Source: printmaking) Printmaking art studio at a university (n =1). Mechanically vented second-floor studio, with area samples collected near a cleaning station and in the middle of the studio during a printmaking session. 2002 18 (<1) NR ND to NR 0.2 (mean); 0.2 (median) 0.6 49414 (Rvan et al.. 2002) High us NR Commercial/Public Non-art related floor at a university, three floors above a printmaking floor with separate ventilation (n =1). Area samples collected from hallway. 2002 18 (<1) NR ND to NR 0.3 (mean); 0.2 (median) 1.1 49414 (Rvan et al.. 2002) High us Denver, CO Residential Homes, occupied (n=9) 1994 9 (0.56) 0.12 ND to NR 0.64 (mean); 0.61 (median) 0.66 78782 (Lindstrom et al.. 1995) Medium us Minneapolis, MN School Classrooms (n=5) sampled in the spring 2000 113 (0.56) NR NR NR (mean); 0.1 (median) 632310 (Adgate et al.. 2004) Medium us Minneapolis, MN Residential Inside home, during the winter. Sampling from room where child spent the most time. 2000 113 (0.83) NR ND to NR NR (mean); 0.3 (median) 632310 (Adsate et al.. 2004) Medium ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score US Minneapolis, MN Residential Inside home, during the spring. Sampling from room where child spent the most time. 2000 113 (0.74) NR ND to NR NR (mean); 0.2 (median) 632310 (Adsate et al.. 2004) Medium US Minneapolis, MN School Classrooms (n=5) sampled in the winter 2000 113 (0.73) NR NR NR (mean); 0.2 (median) 632310 (Adgate et al.. 2004) Medium us CA (five regions) Commercial/Public Commercial buildings (n= 37), 1 m from floor: Fleet service / Gas station convenience store, Dentist office / Healthcare facility, Grocery / Restaurant, Hair salon / Gym, Office, Miscellaneous, Retail 2011 40 (0.7) 0.16 ND to 1.93 NR (mean); NR (median); 0.02 (GM) 1062239 (Wu et al.. 2011) High us Boston, MA Residential Interior room of residences 2004- 2005 83 (0.93) 0.04 ND to 2.2 (95th) 0.6 (mean); 0.2 (median) 1.7 1065844 (Dodson et al.. 2008) High us Boston, MA Residential Basement of residences 2004- 2005 52 (0.75) 0.04 ND to 1.4 (95th) 0.4 (mean); 0.1 (median) 1.1 1065844 (Dodson et al.. 2008) High us Boston, MA Residential Apartment hallway of residences 2004- 2005 10 (0.9) 0.04 ND to 23 (95th) 3.7 (mean); 0.3 (median) 7.3 1065844 (Dodson et al.. 2008) High us Boston, MA Residential Garage of residences 2004- 2005 16 (0.63) 0.04 ND to 42 (95th) 3.3 (mean); 0.1 (median) 10 1065844 (Dodson et al.. 2008) High us Los Angeles, CA Residential Homes (n=32) in inner- city neighborhood, sampled in the fall 2000 32 (0.47) 0.13 ND to 0.8 0.2 (mean); 0.1 (median) 0.2 1066049 (Sax et al.. 2004) High us Los Angeles, CA Residential Homes (n=40) in inner- city neighborhood, sampled in the winter 2000 40 (0.68) 0.13 ND to 1.2 0.2 (mean); 0.2 (median) 0.3 1066049 (Sax et al.. 2004) High ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score US New York, NY Residential Homes (n=36) in inner- city neighborhood, sampled in the winter 1999 36 (0.92) 0.13 ND to 19 1.1 (mean); 0.4 (median) 3.2 1066049 (Sax et al.. 2004) High US New York, NY Residential Homes (n=30) in inner- city neighborhood, sampled in the summer 1999 30 (0.44) 0.13 ND to 2.6 0.3 (mean); 0.1 (median) 0.5 1066049 (Sax et al.. 2004) High us Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, and Dearborn Michigan Residential Residences (n=159) in industrial, urban, and suburban cities over two seasons 2004- 2005 252 (0.56) 0.01 ND to 2.01 0.06 (mean); 0.03 (median) 1488206 (Jia et al.. 2008a) Medium us Elizabeth, NJ; Houston, TX; and Los Angeles, CA Residential Non-smoking households (n=310) 1999- 2001 539 (NR) NR NR 0.99 (mean); 0.22 (median) 2128575 (Su et al.. 2013) Medium us Detroit, Ml area Residential Homes (n=126) with children with asthma 2009- 2010 126 (0.06) 0.09 ND to 1.48 0.07 (mean); 0.04 (median) 0.14 2443355 (Chin et al.. 2014) High CA NR Residential Homes (n=6), main floor 1987 6 (0.83) NR ND to 5 1.6 (mean); NR (median) 27974 (Chan et al.. 1990) Medium CA NR Residential Homes (n=12), main floor 1986 12 (0.42) NR ND to 2 0.5 (mean); NR (median) 27974 (Chan et al.. 1990) Medium MX Mexico City Metropolitan Area Residential Homes 1998- 1999 30 (0.25) 0.52 ND to 0.9 NR (mean); NR (median); 0.1 (GM) 56224 (Serrano- Tresoalacios et al.. 2004) High DE Leipzig Residential Homes (n=85), sampled from bedroom of infants for 4 weeks after birth. 1997- 1999 85 (NR) NR NR NR (mean); 0.6 (median) 34460 (Lehmann et al.. 2002) Medium ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score Fl NR Residential Normal houses (not "sick houses"). 50 "Normal houses" in this study. 1995 50 (NR) NR ND to 20.4 0.97 (mean); 0.25 (median) 1.48 76241 (Kostiainen. 1995) Medium Fl NR Residential "Sick houses" - houses in which people complained about the odor or they had symptoms, which resembled WHO's Sick Building Syndrome (headache, nausea, irritation of the eyes, mucous membranes, and the respiratory system, drowsiness, fatigue, and general malaise. 38 "sick houses" in this study. 1995 7 (NR) NR ND to 4.3 1.07 (mean); 0.48 (median) 0.78 76241 (Kostiainen. 1995) Medium SG Nationwide School Child-care centers (n=104), sampled from middle of the classroom near the breathing zone of children (approximately 0.5-0.7 m) 2007 102 (0.88) 0.61 ND to 3.15 0.75 (mean); 0.305 (median) 0.32 632758 (Zuraimi and Tham. 2008) High FR Nationwide Residential Main dwellings(n=490), samples collected from bedroom. 2003- 2005 490 (0.80) 0.4 ND to 4087 NR (mean); 0.5 (median) 130 733119 (Billionnet et al.. 2011) Medium ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score NL Ede and Rotterdam Residential Suburban homes built post WWII, Inner-city homes built prior to WWII, and newer homes < 6 years old. Samples collected in living room. 1981- 1982 319 (0.02) 2 ND to 106 NR (mean); 1 (median) 22186 (Lebret et al.. 1986) Medium EU Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Belgium, UK, France, Austria, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Italy, Portugal, Malta, Greece, Cyprus, and Albania School Homes (n=196) of the PARIS birth cohort with sampling in the infant bedroom at 1, 6, 9, and 12 months old. Annual levels averaged from hot and cold seasonal levels. 2014 300 (NR) NR ND to 126 3 (mean); 0.2 (median) 26 4440449 (EC. 2014) High EU Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Belgium, UK, France, Austria, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Italy, Portugal, Malta, Greece, Cyprus, and Albania School Kindergartens (n=25). 2014 25 (NR) NR ND to 21 3 (mean); 0.2 (median) 6 4440449 (EC. 2014) High ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score EU Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Belgium, UK, France, Austria, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Italy, Portugal, Malta, Greece, Cyprus, and Albania School Primary schools where teachers participated (n=106). 2014 106 (NR) NR ND to 85 3 (mean); 0.2 (median) 5 4440449 (EC. 2014) High CN NR Commercial/Public Office buildings (n=10), 1.1 m above the floor 1998- 2000 10 (0.6) 0.5 ND to 31.7 5.6 (mean); 1.7 (median); 2.1 (GM) 10.7 824555 (Chao and Chan. 2001) Medium CN NR Commercial/Public Non-office premises (n=10) including one library, one social services center, two customer services centers, two shopping malls, two recreational building units, one reception area and one training center under renovation. 1.1 m above the floor level. 1998- 2000 10 (0.9) 0.5 ND to 33.3 8.8 (mean); 5.6 (median); 4.6 (GM) 3.4 824555 (Chao and Chan. 2001) Medium CN Shanghai Residential Eight residences that had been renovated within the previous year. Three sampling sites were used in each participating residence (the living room, bedroom, and study). 2015 8 (NR) NR NR 0.37 (mean); 0.35 (median) 75.7 3453725 (Dai et al.. 2017) High ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score JP Shimizu, Shizuoka Prefecture Residential Single-family houses (n=21) in industrial harbor area, sampled in the main living area 2001 21(1) NR NR NR (mean); NR (median); 0.36 (GM) 632484 (Ohura et al.. 2006) High JP Shimizu, Shizuoka Prefecture Residential Single-family houses (n=25) in industrial harbor area, sampled in the main living area 2001 25(1) NR NR NR (mean); NR (median); 0.22 (GM) 632484 (Ohura et al.. 2006) High JP Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Residential 13 houses' living rooms, sampled for 4 consecutive 24-hour periods. n=52 1995 52(1) NR 0.849 to 268 27 (mean); NR (median); 9.18 (GM) 3545469 (Amagai et al.. 1999) Medium JP Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Residential 13 houses' kitchens, sampled for 4 consecutive 24-hour periods. n=52 1995 52(1) NR 0.385 to 266 27.1 (mean); NR (median); 8.96 (GM) 3545469 (Amagai et al.. 1999) Medium JP Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Residential 13 houses' bedrooms, sampled for 4 consecutive 24-hour periods. n=52 1995 52(1) NR 0.509 to 886 42.1 (mean); NR (median); 8.86 (GM) 3545469 (Amagai et al.. 1999) Medium JP Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Residential 13 houses' bathrooms, sampled for 4 consecutive 24-hour periods. n=52 1995 52(1) NR 0.699 to 109 24.9 (mean); NR (median); 8.8 (GM) 3545469 (Amagai et al.. 1999) Medium JP Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Residential 30 houses' living rooms, sampled for 4 consecutive 24-hour periods. n=238 1995 238(1) NR 1.17 to 389 20.7 (mean); NR (median); 7.36 (GM) 3545469 (Amagai et al.. 1999) Medium JP Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Residential 30 houses' kitchens, sampled for 4 consecutive 24-hour periods. n=119 1995 119(1) NR 1.23 to 275 19 (mean); NR (median); 7.25 (GM) 3545469 (Amasai et al.. 1999) Medium ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score JP Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Residential 30 houses' bedrooms, sampled for 4 consecutive 24-hour periods. n=238 1995 238(1) NR 1.23 to 512 25.8 (mean); NR (median); 6.96 (GM) 3545469 (Amasai et al.. 1999) Medium JP Katsushika Ward, Tokyo Residential 30 houses' bathrooms, sampled for 4 consecutive 24-hour periods. n=119 1995 119(1) NR 0.671 to 618 28.5 (mean); NR (median); 6.39 (GM) 3545469 (Amasai et al.. 1999) Medium Personal Breathing Zone (ng/m3) US IL, IN, OH, Ml, MN, Wl (Great Lakes Region) Residential Non-institutionalized persons residing in households in six states 1995- 1997 386 (0.39) NR ND to 5.98 (90th) 5.27 (mean); 0.63 (median) 14003 (Clavton et al.. 1999) High US Columbus, OH Residential Non-smoking women (n=24) with non- smoking husbands 1991 24 (NR) NR ND to 9.08 1.84 (mean); 1.05 (median) 2.39 22045 (Heavner et al.. 1995) Medium us Columbus, OH Residential Non-smoking women (n=25) with smoking husbands 1991 25 (NR) NR ND to 3.41 0.66 (mean); ND (median) 1.04 22045 (Heavner et al.. 1995) Medium us NR Commercial/Public (Near Source: printmaking) 12 students and 1 faculty member in university art (printmaking) studio. Mechanically ventilated second-floor. 2002 90 (NR) NR NR 0.5 (mean); 0.11 (median) 0.9 49414 (Ryan et al.. 2002) High ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score US NR General Personal VOC exposures of 851 adults, who were part of the NHANES study (no additional exclusion criteria), sampled via badge-type passive exposure monitors for 48-72 h. Additionally, participants were administered a short questionnaire regarding the length of time they wore their badge and 30 other questions on factors potentially related to VOC exposures, e.g., contact with dry cleaning, tobacco smoke and gasoline vapor over the past several days. 1999- 2000 665 (0.23) 0.44 ND to 327 NR (mean); ND (median); 0.4 (GM) 3.4 (GSD) 484177 (Jia et al.. 2008b) High US Minneapolis, MN School Children from inner-city schools, during the winter. 2000 113 (0.90) NR NR 0.3 (median) 632310 (Adsate et al.. 2004) Medium us Minneapolis, MN School Children from inner-city schools, during the spring. 2000 113 (0.73) NR NR 0.2 (median) 632310 (Adsate et al.. 2004) Medium us Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN General Adults, non-smoking (n=70) living in three neighborhoods: (inner- city/economically disadvantaged, blue- collar/near manufacturing plants, and affluent) 1999 333 (0.93) NR ND to 1.8 (90th) 1 (mean); 0.2 (median) 730121 (Sexton et al.. 2007) High ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score US Elizabeth, NJ; Houston, TX; and Los Angeles, CA General Adults (n=309) and children (n=118) from 310 non-smoking households. 1999- 2001 544 (0.23) NR ND to 2.37 (95th) 1.44 (mean); 0.22 (median) 10.74 2128575 (Su et al.. 2013) Medium US Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Department Stores (n=10) 2004 5 (NR) 0.18 0.19 to 2.59 NR 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Drug Stores (n=8) 2003 7 (NR) 0.18 ND to 1.83 0.29 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Electronics Stores (n=9) 2004 7 (NR) 0.18 ND to 0.47 0.09 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Furniture Stores (n=6) 2003 6 (NR) 0.18 ND to 50.9 0.71 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Grocery Stores (n=16) 2003 12 (NR) 0.18 ND to 0.94 0.28 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Hardware Stores (n=32) 2003- 2004 23 (NR) 0.18 ND to 115 0.58 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Housewares Stores (n=16) 2003 7 (NR) 0.18 0.58 to 3.43 1.1 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Multipurpose Stores (n=24) 2003- 2005 43 (NR) 0.18 0.23 to 2.52 0.51 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Sporting Goods Stores (n=14) 2003 7 (NR) 0.18 0.35 to 1.56 0.5 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Dining Stores (n=30) 2004 30 (NR) 0.18 ND to 118 NR 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us Greater Boston Metropolitan Area Commercial/Public Transportation Stores (n=5) 2003- 2004 21 (NR) 0.18 ND to 0.22 0.09 (GM) 2442846 (Loh et al.. 2006) High us CAand NJ General Adults conducting normal daily activities 1981- 1984 772 (NR) 0 NR 3.8 to 13 (mean) 23081 (Wallace. 1986) High us NR Mixed Use NHANES study measured exposures on adults aged 20-59 1999- 2000 635 (0.227) NR 0.1 to 327.3 0.3 (median); 0.4 (GM) 2331366 (D'Souza et al.. 2009) High ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score years to TCE. Participants wore passive exposure monitors. Returned 2- 3 days later at which time a short survey was administered regarding activities potentially related to exposures. MX Mexico City Metropolitan Area General Different activity patterns: Three individuals from each family were selected to represent different activity patterns: a long commuter, another engaged in some activities outside the home during the day but with no routine long commutes, and one staying at or near the home most of the day. 1998- 1999 90 (0.32) 0.52 ND to 2.6 NR 56224 (Serrano- Trespalacios etal.. 2004) High Surface Water (|Jg/L) US Anchorage, AK Background Chester Creek (6 urban sampling sites) 1998- 2001 11 (0) 0.08 All samples ND ND 3975042 (USGS, 2006) Medium US Nationwide Background Surface water for drinking water sources (rivers and reservoirs) 1999- 2000 375 (0.008) 0.2 ND to 2.0 NR NR 3975046 (USGS, 2003) Medium us Nationwide Background Urban Rivers (26 sites, as part of the NAWQA Program) 1996- 2000 711 (0.41) NR NR 0.09 (median) NR 1391354 (Robinson et al.. 2004) Medium us Boston, MA Background Charles Rivers 1998- 2000 29(1) NR NR to 17.3 1.17 (median) NR 1391354 (Robinson et al.. 2004) Medium ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score US NR Background Gulf of Mexico, near mouth of the Mississippi River and on the Louisiana Shelf (11 stations in the open ocean and coast representing both unpolluted and anthropogenic influences) 1980 11 (0.27) NR ND to 0.05 NR NR 4152375 (Sauer. 1981) Medium US Two Bridges, NJ Background Passaic River 1996- 1998 10 (0.4) NR NR 0.1 (median) NR 1391354 (Robinson et al.. 2004) Medium US to CL NR Background Eastern Pacific Ocean (California, US to Valparaiso, Chile) 1979- 1981 30 (0.9) 0.0001 ND to 0.0007 0.3 (mean); 0.0002 (median) 0.002 29192 (Singh et al.. 1983) Medium US Baton Rouge, LA (Ethyl Corporation3); Near Facility Stream samples (surface) collected upstream and downstream of the outfall. 1976 2 (1.0) NR 0.4 to 37 NR NR 29263 (U.S. EPA. 1977) High US Freeport, TX (Dow Chemical Plant3) Near Facility (methylchloroform producer) Stream samples (bottom and surface) collected from the receiving stream at the plant outfall and upstream and downstream of the outfall. 1976 6(1.0) NR 0.9 to 126 NR NR 29263 (U.S. EPA. 1977) High US Geismar, LA (Vulcan Materials Plant3) Near Facility (methylchloroform producer) 3 surface water samples collected from the receiving stream at the plant outfall and upstream and downstream of the outfall. 1976 3 (1.0) NR 5 to 74 NR NR 29263 (U.S. EPA. 1977) High ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score US Lake Charles, LA (PPG Industries3) Near Facility (methylchloroform producer) Stream samples (bottom and surface) collected from the receiving stream at the plant outfall and upstream and downstream of the outfall. 1976 5 (1.0) NR 29 to 447 282 (mean); 353 (median) 156 29263 (U.S. EPA. 1977) High US Auburn, WA (Boeing Company3) Near Facility (methylchloroform producer) Stream samples (surface) collected from the receiving stream at outfalls and/or upstream and downstream of the outfall. 1977 5 (1.0) NR 5 to 30 NR NR 29263 (U.S. EPA. 1977) High CN NR Background South Yellow Sea (10 stations) 2012 10 (NR) NR 0.0014 to 0.0072 0.0037 (mean); 0.0035 (median) 0.0015 2532227 (He et al.. 2013b) Medium CN NR Background Daliao River (20 sites); heavily industrialized area 2011 20 (0.05) 0.018 ND to 0.022 0.018 (mean) NR 3488897 (Ma et al.. 2014) High CN NR Background Yellow Sea and East China Sea (53 stations) 2011 53 (1.0) NR 0.00068 to 0.0095 0.0039 (mean) NR 2128010 (He et al.. 2013a) High CN NR Background East China Sea; Seawater (41 stations) 2010 41 (1) NR 0.0004 to 0.0109 0.0021 (mean) NR 1940132 (He et al.. 2013c) High CN Northwestern Pacific Ocean Background Southern Yellow Sea (15 stations) 2009 15 (1.0) NR 0.00058 to 0.0055 0.0016 (mean) NR 2799613 (Yans et al.. 2014) High ES North-Western area Background River Duero (11 stations) 2007 11 (NR) NR NR to 108.2 48.34 (mean) NR 3501965 (Blanco and Becares, 2010) Medium GB Irish Sea Background Liverpool Bay and River Mersey (18 stations) 2006 18 (NR) NR 0.000025 to 0.044 NR NR 2277377 (Bravo- Linares et al.. 2007) Medium CN, KR Northwest Pacific Ocean Background 2009- 2009 52 (NR) NR 0.00035 to 0.0099 0.0023 (mean) NR 3052892 (Yang et al.. 2015) Medium ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score Yellow Sea and East China Sea (52 stations) RU Kalmykian Steppe Background Rivers, springs, lakes, salt lakes (23 sites); polluted and remote areas 1999- 2003 23 (0.96) 0.005 ND to 110 8.8 (mean); 0.025 (median) 28.9 104106 (Weissflos et al.. 2004) Medium PT Nationwide Background Sea, estuarine, river water and industrial effluents (46 sampling points) 1999- 2000 644 (0.20) 0.1 ND to 13 NR NR 659075 (Martinez et al.. 2002) Medium BE Southern North Sea Background Southern Bight, Belgian Continental Shelf, the mouth of the Scheldt estuary, and the Channel (10 stations total) 1998- 2000 47 (NR) NR NR to 0.27 0.049 (mean); 0.014 (median) NR 660096 (Huvbrechts et al.. 2005) High EU NR Background Estuaries of the Scheldt, Thames, Loire, Rhine 1997- 1999 73 (NR) 0.0001 ND to 0.1693 NR NR 3242836 (Christof et al.. 2002) High GR Northern Greece Background Rivers (n=4) and lakes (n=5). Rivers sampled at the estuary and near the frontier. Lakes - Vegoritida, Volvi, Vistonida, Large Prespa and Small Prespa. Rivers - Evros, Nestos, Strimonas, and Axios 1996- 1998 104 (NR) 0.02 ND to 40 NR NR 1024859 (Kostoooulo u et al.. 2000) High JP Osaka Background Rivers in heavily industrialized area (n=10 stations). Wastewater treatments upstream from the sampling sites. 1995- 1997 106 (0.97) 0.31 ND to 18.4 3.36 (mean); 2.11 (median) 3.56 2310570 (Yamamoto et al.. 2001) Medium FR Paris Background River samples (raw) collected from the River Seine (n=14 stations), River Marne (n=l station) and River Oise (n=l station). Wastewater treatment 1994- 1995 43(1) NR 0.019 to 0.974 0.255 (mean); 0.171 (median) 0.218 3587944 (Duclos et al.. 2000) Medium ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score plants are located on the river. BE Southern North Sea and Scheldt Estuary Background Seven sites in the southern North Sea and Scheldt Estuary. 1994- 1995 38 (NR) NR NR 0.0172 (mean); 0.0088 (median) NR 644857 (Dewulf et al.. 1998) High JP Osaka Background Rivers and estuaries (30 sites) in industrialized city 1993- 1995 136 (NR) NR NR to 78 0.39 NR 645789 (Yamamoto et al.. 1997) High GB NR Background Estuaries, docks, channels, bays, and inshore (n=48) 1992 48 (0.35) NR 0.01 to 0.269 0.028 (mean); 0.01 (median) 0.048 2803418 (Dawes and Waldock, 1994) Medium EU Mersey estuary Background Freshwater input collected from the River Gowy 1987- 1989 5 (NR) NR NR 2.8 (mean); 0.2 (median) NR 2802879 (Rogers et al.. 1992) Medium IT Emilia-Romagna region Background Canal (n=l) which receives wastewater 1984 6 (0.305) NR 1.2 to 111 32 (mean) NR 4149721 (Assazzotti and Predieri, 1986) Low GR Near Thermaikos and Kavala, Northern Greece Background Seawater collected from Thermaikos Gulf (6 stations; near large city and industrial area) and Kavala Gulf stations (4 stations; near small city and off-shore oil-wells). 1981- 1982 10(1) NR 0.00026 to 0.0028 0.00124 (mean); 0.00113 (median) 0.92 4149731 (Fvtianos et al.. 1985) Low AQ Northern Victoria Land Background Five lakes (Carezza Lake, Edmonson Point Lakes, Tarn Flat Lake, Inexpressible Island Lake and Gondwana Lake) 2011- 2012 6(0.5) 0.003 ND to 0.0083 3.35 (mean) 0.00265 2800175 (Insogna et al.. 2014) High AQ NR Background Ross Sea 1997- 1998 48 (NR) NR 0.028 to 0.292 0.048 (mean); 0.042 (median) 0.036 2189687 (Zoccolillo et al.. 2004) Medium AQ NR Background 1998 4 (NR) NR 0.028 to 0.037 0.031 (mean); 0.0037 2189687 (Zoccolillo et al.. 2004) Medium ------- Country State/City/Region Site Year No. of Samples (Det. Freq.) Detecti on Level Concentration Reference (HERO ID) Range Central Tendency Standard Deviation HERO Citation Data Eval. Score Lakes at Tarn Flat and Edmonson Point (freshwater lakes) 0.029 (median) AQ NR Background Lake water collected from 3 sites (Carezza Lake, Tarn Flat, Inexpressible Island at altitude m 100) and Ice water collected from 3 sites (Corner Glacier, Edmonson Point, Onyx River) 1988- 1989 6 (NR) NR 0.005 to 0.04 NR NR 3544414 (Zoccolillo and Rellori. 1994) Medium AQ NR Background Lake water collected from 5 sites (Carezza Lake, Edmonson Point at altitude m 190, Tarn Flat, Inexpressible Island at altitude m 100 & altitude m 50) and Ice water collected from 3 sites (Corner Glacier, Inexpressible Island, Wood Bay) 1989- 1990 8 (NR) NR 0.0026 to 0.02 NR NR 3544414 (Zoccolillo and Rellori. 1994) Medium AQ NR Background Lake water collected from 5 sites (Carezza Lake, Edmonson Point at altitude m 190 & altitude m 20, Tarn Flat, Inexpressible Island at altitude m 100) and Sea water collected from 1 site (Icarus Field) 1990- 1991 6 (NR) NR 0.0012 to 0.0093 NR NR 3544414 (Zoccolillo and Rellori. 1994) Medium Wastewater (|Jg/L) KR Nation-wide Near Facility (27 industrial WWTPs) Influent 2012 81 (NR) 1 1.0-25.0 1.0 (median) 3580141 (Lee et al.. 2015) Medium KR Nation-wide Near Facility (industrial WWTPs) Effluent 2012 81 (0) 1 ND 3580141 (Lee et al.. 2015) Medium Study Info: The information provided includes the HERO ID and citation; country and year samples collected; number of samples and detection frequency. ------- Abbreviations: If a value was not reported, it is shown in this table as ND = not detected at the reported detection limit; GM = geometric mean; NR = Not reported. The following abbreviations are for countries/continents: AQ = Antarctica; BE = Belgium; CA = Canada; CL = Chile; CN = China; DE = Germany; ES = Spain; EU = Europe; Fl = Finland; FR = France; GB = United Kingdom; GR = Greece; IT = Italy; JP = Japan; KR = Korea; MX = Mexico; NL = Netherlands; PT = Portugal; RU = Russia; SG = Singapore; US = United States. Parameters: All statistics are shown as reported in the study. All minimum values determined to be less than the detection limit are shown in this table as "ND". If a maximum value was not provided, the highest percentile available is shown (as indicated in parentheses); if a minimum value was not provided, the lowest percentile available is shown (as indicated in parentheses). ------- |