DRAFT - DO NOT CITE OR QUOTE	lNCEA tradan" dr"f's
or EPA ID for final]
www.epa.gov/iris
4>EPA
ANNOTATED REFERENCE OUTLINE
FOR THE TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW
OF
2,2,5-T rimethylhexane
(CAS No. 3522-94-9)
In Support of Summary Information on the
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
12/22/08
[author: insert current date for this draft or Agency completion date (month and year) iffinal]
NOTICE
This document is a [author: insert Agency Review or external review] draft. It has not been
formally released by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and should not at this stage be
construed to represent Agency position on this chemical. It is being circulated for review of its
technical accuracy and science policy implications.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC

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REVIEWS
ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists). (2001) Nonane, all
isomers. Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices.
Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists; pp. 1-2.
ACGIH. (2007) Nonane, all isomers. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and
physical agents and biological exposure indices. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of
Governmental Industrial Hygienists; p. 45.
Carreon, T (2001) Aliphatic hydrocarbons. In: Bingham, E; Cohrssen, B; Powell, CH; et al.;
eds. Patty's toxicology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION
3. TOXICOKINETICS
3.1. ABSORPTION
3.2. DISTRIBUTION
3.3. METABOLISM
3.4. ELIMINATION
Phillips, M; Herrera, J; Krishnan, S; et al. (1999) Variation in volatile organic compounds in the
breath of normal humans. Journal of Chromatography B 729(l-2):75-88.
3.5. PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED TOXICOKINETIC MODELS
4. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
4.1. STUDIES IN HUMANS—EPIDEMIOLOGY, CASE REPORTS, CLINICAL
CONTROLS
4.2. LESS-THAN-LIFETIME AND CHRONIC STUDIES AND CANCER BIOASSAYS
IN ANIMALS—ORAL AND INHALATION
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4.2.1.	Oral
Haider, CA; Holdsworth, CE; Cockrell, BY; et al. (1985) Hydrocarbon nephropathy in male rats:
Identification of the nephrotoxic components of unleaded gasoline. Toxicol Ind Health 1(3):67-
87.
4.2.2.	Inhalation
4.3.	REPRODUCTIVE/DEVELOPMENTAL STUDIES—ORAL AND INHALATION
4.4.	OTHER ENDPOINT-SPECIFIC STUDIES
4.4.1.	ACUTE AND SHORT-TERM TOXICITY
4.4.2.	GENOTOXICITY STUDIES
4.4.3.	NEUROTOXICITY STUDIES
4.4.4.	ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION
4.4.5.	CONTACT SENSITIZATION
4.5.	MECHANISTIC DATA AND OTHER STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF THE MODE OF
ACTION
4.6.	SYNTHESIS OF MAJOR NONCANCER EFFECTS
4.6.1.	Oral
4.6.2.	Inhalation
4.6.3.	Mode of Action Information
4.7.	EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENICITY
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4.7.1.	Summary of Overall Weight-of-Evidence
4.7.2.	Synthesis of Human, Animal, and Other Supporting Evidence
4.7.3.	Mode of Action Information
4.7.2.1.	Hypothesized Mode of Action
4.7.2.2.	Experimental Support for the Hypothesized Mode of Action
4.7.2.3.	Other Possible Modes of Action
4.7.2.4.	Conclusions About the Hypothesized Mode of Action
4.8. SUSCEPTIBLE POPULATIONS AND LIFE STAGES
4.8.3. Other
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