BIOPESTICIDES REGISTRATION ACTION DOCUMENT
Heptyl Butyrate
PC Code 100247
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pesticide Programs
Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division
(June..., 2009)
This document is for informational purposes only and is representative of the Agency's justification in registering
products containing this active ingredient. This is not a legal document. (Need OGC language)

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Biopesticides Registration Action Document
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:	5
II.	ACTIVE INGREDIENT OVERVIEW	6
III.	REGULATORY BACKGROUND	6
A.	Classification	6
B.	Food Clearances and Tolerances	6
IV.	RISK ASSESSMENT	6
A.	Active Ingredient Characterization	6
B.	Human Health Assessment	7
1.	Toxicology	7
2.	Dose Response Assessment	8
3.	Drinking Water Exposure and Risk
Characterization	8
4.. Occupational, Residential, School and Day Care Exposure and Risk
Characterization	9
5. Risk Characterization	9
C.	ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT	9
1.	Ecological Hazards	9
2.	Environmental Fate and Ground Water Data	9
3.	Ecological Exposure and Risk Characterization	10
4.	Endangered Species Assessment	10
D.	PRODUCT PERFORMANCE (EFFICACY DATA)	10
V.	RISK MANAGEMENT DECISION	10
A.	Determination of Eligibility for Registration	11
B.	Regulatory Decision	11
C.	Environmental Justice	11
VI.	ACTIONS REQUIRED BY REGISTRANTS	11
A.	Reporting Adverce Effects	11
B.	Reporting of Hypersensitivity Incidents	12

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Biopesticides Registration Action Document
VII.	APPENDIX A. Product Specific Information	12
VIII.	APPENDIX B. Product Specific Information	14
IX.	APPENDIX C. References	14

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Biopesticides Registration Action Document
BIOPESTICIDES REGISTRATION ACTION DOCUMENT TEAM
Office of Pesticide Programs:
Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division
Biochemical Pesticides Branch (BPB)
Driss Benmhend	Regulatory Action Leader
Linda Hollis	Branch Chief
Jacob Moore	Chemist

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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
The new active ingredient heptyl butyrate is a colorless liquid ester that is naturally found in
fresh apples and plums and therefore, humans have been regularly exposed to this active
ingredient through consumption of these fruits. It is intended for use in traps to attract several
species of yellow jackets and wasps.
The Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division (BPPD) has reviewed the data required to
support the registration of this biochemical active ingredient, under Section 3(c)(5) of the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). Product chemistry data
requirements were satisfied by acceptable guideline studies. In lieu of human health studies, the
registrant requested data waivers from the requirements for all guideline studies and submitted a
compendium of information in support of the data waivers. The registrant also provided
adequate justification for waiving data requirements based on the proposed use pattern, which
would result in no exposure to the active ingredient. Ecological effects data requirements for
heptyl butyrate are fulfilled by acceptable guideline studies and additional data/information from
the scientific literature sufficient to support data waivers for the remaining Tier I and Tier II
requirements.
Based on the data available to the Agency, it has been determined that no unreasonable adverse
effects to the U.S. population and the environment will result from the use of the active
ingredient when label instructions are followed and good agricultural practices are employed.
Laboratory studies indicate that the active ingredient has low toxicity following oral, inhalation
or dermal exposure. Moreover, no significant human exposure to heptyl butyrate is expected
since the compound will be used in traps at very low rates.
Based on data and acceptable rationales for waiver requests waivers submitted by the registrant,
there is no reason to believe that any nontarget organisms, including honeybees and other
beneficial insects, would be attracted to or adversely affected by the use of heptyl butyrate in a
wasp trap.
Efficacy data submitted on the end use product were reviewed and showed support to the claims
of product performance against yellow jackets and wasps.
Due to the negligible risk concerns when used as an attractant and the resulting lack of exposure
(because of its use in traps), heptyl butyrate meets the criteria as specified in §3 (c)(5) of the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), as amended, and is thus eligible for
unconditional registration. It was determined that the data/information submitted adequately
satisfy current guideline requirements per 40 CFR Subpart U §158.2000.

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II. ACTIVE INGREDIENT OVERVIEW
Common Name:
Heptyl Butyrate
Chemical Names: Heptyl Butyrate
Trade & Other Names: Heptyl Butyrate
CAS Registry Number: 5870-93-9
OPP Chemical Code:
100247
Type of Pesticide:
Hornets, wasps and yellowjackets attractant.
Application rates and methods vary depending on the product. For specific information
regarding the product^ refer to Appendix B.
III. REGULATORY BACKGROUND
On June 16, 2008, the Agency received an application from Bull Run Scientific, VBT to register
heptyl butyrate as an active ingredient in an end-use products (EP) containing up to 99.8%
heptyl butyrate. A notice of receipt of the application for registration for heptyl butyrate as a
new active ingredient was published in the Federal Register on March 16, 2009 (74 FR 11098),
with a 30 day comment period. No comments were received as a result of this publication.
A.	Classification
On April 15, 20081, the Biochemical Classification Committee determined that heptyl butyrate
can be classified as a biochemical pesticide due to its nontoxic mode of action to target pest,
natural occurrence in the environment, and history of exposure to humans and the environment
demonstrating minimal toxicity.
B.	Food Clearances/Tolerances
Currently, this active ingredient is not registered for use on food or feed commodities, and the
applicant has not filed a petition for a tolerance (nor a tolerance exemption) for heptyl butyrate.
As a result, a tolerance or exemption from the requirement of a tolerance is not relevant.
IV. RISK ASSESSMENT
A. Active Ingredient Characterization
The new active ingredient, heptyl butyrate, will be formulated into an end use product (EP) for
use as an attractant for yellowjackets. The technical grade active ingredient (TGAI) is a
colorless liquid that is naturally found in fresh apples and plums. Heptyl Butyrate is a food

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grade ester that has a nontoxic mode of action against the target pest. Yellow jackets are
attracted to its fruity smell.
The product chemistry data submitted by the registrant, including manufacturing process,
discussion of formation of impurities, analysis of samples, and certified ingredients limits
satisfied the requirement for product identity. Refer to Table 1 in Appendix A for a summary of
product chemistry data requirements. Refer to Table 2 in Appendix A for the summary of
physical and chemical characteristics for heptyl butyrate.
All product chemistry data requirements for registration of heptyl butyrate have been satisfied.
B. Human Health Assessment
I.	Toxicology
Toxicity categories are assigned based on the hazard(s) identified from studies and/or
information on file with the Agency. The active ingredient is classified into Toxicity Category I,
II,	III or IV where Toxicity Category I indicates the highest toxicity and Toxicity Category IV
indicates the lowest toxicity.
Adequate mammalian toxicology data/information is available to support registration of heptyl
butyrate. All toxicology data requirements for heptyl butyrate have been satisfied.
a.	Acute Toxicity
Acute toxicity testing is required to 1) determine systemic toxicity from acute exposure via the
dermal, inhalation and oral routes, 2) determine irritant effects from exposure to the eyes and 3)
determine the potential for skin sensitization (allergic contact dermatitis).
The registrant cites from information from the database ChemlDPlus Lite, for the acute oral
(OPPTS 870.1100) and acute dermal (OPPTS 870.1200) toxicity. The acute oral has a minimal
lethal dose (LDLo) of 5000 mg/kg in rats, and the dermal toxicity has a LD50>5000 mg/kg in
rabbits. The substance is in Toxicity Category IV for acute oral, acute dermal, acute inhalation
toxicity, and dermal irritations. The substance is not a dermal sensitizer. Some potential exists
for eye irritation. In lieu of submitting new eye irritation data, a Toxicity Category III category
language will used on the product label.
For more information regarding the acute toxicity data requirements, refer to Table 3 in
Appendix A.
b.	Sub-chronic Toxicity
Subchronic data is required to determine a no-observed-effect-level (NOEL) and toxic effects (if
any) associated with repeated or continuous exposure to a test substance for a period of 90 days.
The Agency received and accepted the registrant's waiver requests for 90-day Feeding Study
(OPPTS 870.3100); 90-Day Dermal Study (OPPTS 870.3250); 90-Day Inhalation Study (OPPTS
870.3465); and Immune Response (OPPTS 880.3550).

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The data requirement for 90-day Feeding Study (OPPTS 870.3100) is not applicable because the
product will not be used on food commodities, and no repeated sub-chronic oral exposures are
expected. Moreover, Tier I acute toxicity studies show toxicity category IV for all routes of
exposure.
The waiver rational for a 90-Day Dermal Toxicity Study (OPPTS 870.3250) was accepted
because the product will be used in traps and is not likely to result in prolonged skin exposure.
Furthermore, heptyl butyrate is found abundantly in nature, and has low toxicity.
The 90-Day Inhalation Toxicity Study (OPPTS 870.3465) waiver request was accepted because
the use pattern of the product in traps, is not expected to result in repeated inhalation exposure at
a concentration which is likely to be toxic.
For more information regarding the subchronic data requirements, refer to Table 3 in Appendix
A
c. Developmental Toxicity and Mutagenicity
Request to be waived from submitting the data required for Developmental toxicity and
Mutagenicity (OPPTS 870.3700) which were supported by valid scientific rationales, are
acceptable. The Agency concluded that human's are regularly exposed to heptyl butyrate found
abundantly in fresh apples and plums. No negative effects of heptyl butyrate have been reported
because of its low toxicity. Moreover, the active ingredient is not a mutagen nor is it related to
any known classes of mutagens. For more information regarding this data requirements, refer to
Table 3 in Appendix A.
e. Effects on the Endocrine System
EPA is required under the FFDCA, as amended by FQPA, to develop a screening program to
determine whether certain substances (including all pesticide active and other ingredients) "may
have an effect in humans that is similar to an effect produced by a naturally occurring estrogen,
or other such endocrine effects as the Administrator may designate. " Following the
recommendations of its Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Advisory Committee
(EDSTAC), EPA determined that there were scientific bases for including, as part of the
program, androgen and thyroid hormone systems, in addition to the estrogen hormone system.
EPA also adopted EDSTAC's recommendation that the Program include evaluations of potential
effects in wildlife. When the appropriate screening and/or testing protocols being considered
under the Agency's Endocrine Disrupter Screening Program (EDSP) have been developed and
vetted, heptyl butyrate may be subjected to additional screening and/or testing to better
characterize effects related to endocrine disruption.
2. Dose Response Assessment
No toxicological endpoints were identified; therefore, a dose response assessment was not
required.

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3.	Drinking Water Exposure and Risk Characterization
Based on the proposed use pattern, no significant exposure is expected from use of heptyl
butyrate in the environment when used according to label instructions.
4.	Occupational, Residential, School and Day Care Exposure and Risk Characterization
a.	Occupational Exposure and Risk Characterization
Occupational exposures are not a concern based on the use pattern, low to no potential for
exposure due to trap design, and because heptyl butyrate is naturally occurring in the
environment and possesses a nontoxic mode of action when used as an attractant at a low
concentration. The application method of heptyl butyrate inside a water-soluble pouch that is
placed within a trap poses no significant concern for dermal, eye, and inhalation exposures.
The product label will bear the signal word "Caution." No reentry interval is required in
conjunction with the use of the EP.
b.	Residential, School and Day Care Exposure and Risk Characterization
The Agency is not concerned about the potential exposure to children because the end use
product containing heptyl butyrate is intended for use in enclosed traps. In addition to the low
potential for exposure, heptyl butyrate's low toxicity will cause no unreasonable adverse effects
in case of accidental exposures.
5.	Risk Characterization
The Agency considered human exposure to heptyl butyrate in light of the relevant safety factors
in FQPA and FIFRA. A determination has been made that no unreasonable adverse effects to
the U.S. population in general, and to infants and children in particular, will result from the use
of heptyl butyrate when label instructions are followed.
C. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
1.	Ecological Hazards
Based on the natural occurrence of heptyl butyrate in fresh apples and plums and the fact that
heptyl butyrate is not expected to cause adverse effects on nontarget organisms, adequate
rationales for waiving nontarget toxicology data were submitted to support registration of heptyl
butyrate. All nontarget toxicology data requirements for heptyl butyrate have been satisfied.
For more information regarding the nontarget toxicity data requirements, refer to Table 4 in
Appendix A.
2.	Environmental Fate and Ground Water Data
The need for environmental fate and groundwater data was not triggered because results of the
acute toxicity studies did not trigger any additional Tier I studies

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3.	Ecological Exposure and Risk Characterization
The active ingredient is intended for formulation of end use products which be placed in insect
traps for residential or agricultural use. When used according to the proposed label directions,
no direct exposures are expected for nontarget organisms. Moreover, the active ingredient is
used at a low concentration as an attractant, and is not expected to accumulate in the
environment. Given these characteristics of heptyl butyrate, nontarget exposure and ecological
effects studies were waived.
4.	Endangered Species Assessment
Based on the fact that this chemical is not toxic to non-target organisms and on its use pattern
and use instructions, EPA has determined it will have "No Effect" on any currently listed
threatened or endangered species or any designated critical habitat.
D. PRODUCT PERFORMANCE DATA (EFFICACY)
Submission of product performance data (OPPTS 810.3000) is listed as a requirement for all
pesticide products. Customarily, the Agency requires efficacy data to be submitted for review
only in connection with the registration of products directly pertaining to the mitigation of
disease bearing human health organisms and certain designated quarantine pests, i.e., ticks,
mosquitoes, fleas, Mediterranean fruit flies, gypsy moths, Japanese beetles, etc. For a list of
organisms considered by the Agency as "public health pests", please refer to Pesticide
Registration Notice 2002-1 (http://www.epa.gov/PR Notices/pr2002-l.pdf).
A series of field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of products containing heptyl
butyrate. The studies submitted and reviewed showed that heptyl butyrate is more effective than
control traps on capturing various yellowjacket species. Field trials of 17 to 64 days duration
were conducted in Washington and Pennsylvania to compare the efficacy of reusable and
disposable yellowjacket traps containing heptyl butyrate (99.8, 63.9, or 18.9%) to that of control
traps without heptyl butyrate. Approximately every three weeks, the reusable traps were
emptied and re-baited, and the disposable traps were collected and replaced with new disposable
traps. Although no statistical analysis was provided, the traps containing heptyl butyrate
appeared to be more effective than the control traps in attracting a variety of yellowjacket
species. No honeybees or other beneficial insects were attracted to the traps.
V. RISK MANAGEMENT DECISION
A. Determination of Eligibility for Registration
Section 3(c)(5) of FIFRA provides for the registration of new active ingredients if it is
determined that (A) its composition is such as to warrant the proposed claims for it; (B) its
labeling and other materials required to be submitted comply with the requirements of FIFRA;
(C) it will perform its intended function without unreasonable adverse effects on the
environment; and (D) when used in accordance with widespread and commonly recognized
practice it will not generally cause unreasonable adverse effects on the environment.

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The four criteria of the Eligibility Determination for Pesticidal Active Ingredients are satisfied
by the science assessments supporting products containing heptyl butyrate. Such products are
not expected to cause unreasonable adverse effects, and are likely to provide protection as
claimed when used according to label instructions. Therefore, heptyl butyrate is eligible for
registration for the labeled uses.
B.	Regulatory Decision
The data submitted fulfill the requirements of registration of products containing heptyl butyrate
for use to attract ten species of yellowjackets (Vespulapensylvanica, V. atripilosa, V. sulphurea,
V.	consobrina, V. acadica, V. squamosa, V. vidua, V. vulgaris, V. maculifrons, and V.
germanica). Refer to Appendix B for product-specific information.
1. Conditional/Unconditional Registration
All data requirements are fulfilled and EPA has determined that unconditional registration of
heptyl butyrate is appropriate.
C.	Environmental Justice
EPA seeks to achieve environmental justice, the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of
all people, regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, in the development,
implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies. To help
address potential environmental justice issues, the Agency seeks information on any groups or
segments of the population who, as a result of their location, cultural practices, or other factors,
may have atypical, unusually high exposure to heptyl butyrate, compared to the general
population. Please comment if you are aware of any sub-populations that may have atypical,
unusually high exposure compared to the general population.
VI.	ACTIONS REQUIRED BY REGISTRANTS
The Agency evaluated all of the data submitted in connection with the initial registration of
heptyl butyrate and determined that these data are sufficient to satisfy current registration data
requirements. No additional data are required to be submitted to the Agency at this time. For
new uses and/or changes to existing uses, additional data may be required.
Not withstanding the information stated in the previous paragraph, it should be clearly
understood that certain, specific, data are required to be reported to the Agency as a requirement
for maintaining the Federal registration for a pesticide product. A brief summary of these types
of data are listed below.
A. Reporting of Adverse Effects
Reports of all incidents of adverse effects to the environment must be submitted to the Agency
under the provisions stated in FIFRA, Section 6(a)(2).

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B. Reporting of Hypersensitivity Incidents
Additionally, all incidents of hypersensitivity (including both suspected and confirmed incidents)
must be reported to the Agency under the provisions of 40 CFR Part 158.2050(d).
VII. Appendix A. Data Requirements (40 CFR Part 158-Subpart U)
*NOTE: MRID numbers listed in the following tables are representative of supporting data for
the original registration of the product containing this active ingredient. Subsequent to this
registration, there may be additional MRIDs that support registration of other products
containing this active ingredient.
TABLE 1. Product Chemistry Data Requirements for Active Ingredient (40 CFR § 158.2030)
OPPTS Guideline No.
Study (MRID 474519-07
through 474519-11)
Results
830.1550
to
830.1670
Product identity;
Manufacturing process;
Discussion of formation of
unintentional ingredients
Submitted data satisfy the requirements for product
identity, manufacturing process, and discussion
n of formation of impurities.
830.1700
Analysis of samples
Submitted data satisfy the requirements for analysis of
samples.
830.1750
Certification of limits
Limits listed in the CSF are adequate / acceptable.
830.1800
Analytical method
Acceptable.

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TABLE 1. Physical and Chemical Properties for Yellowjacket Attractant Study (MRID 474519-07 through
474519-11)
Guideline Reference No./Property
Description of Result

830.6302 Color
Colorless

830.6303 Physical State
Liquid

830.6304 Odor
Sweet-green, slightly tea-like odor

830.6313 Stability
Stable for 36 months when stored in its original packaging,
tightly sealed in cool (46-90°F) and dry location out of direct
heat and light.

830.6314 Oxidation/Reduction:
Chemical Incompatibility
Not applicable, the product is not intended to contact strong
oxidizing or reducing agents.

830.6315 Flammability
Flash point = 195°F

830.6317 Storage Stability
A field efficacy study showed that the product was still
effective, and hence stable, after 12 years of storage under
commercial warehouse conditions.

830.6319 Miscibility
Not applicable, the product is not an emulsifiable liquid to be
mixed with petroleum solvents

830.6320 Corrosion Characteristics
No corrosion of EVOH plastic barrier tubes was seen after
12 years of storage under commercial warehouse conditions.

830.6321 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage
Not applicable, the product is granular and not for use
around electrical equipment

830.7000 pH
5.6±0.1 at 21°C (1% w/v aqueous solution)

830.7100 Viscosity
1.7 cP at25.0°C

830.7200 Melting Range
Not applicable, product is a liquid

830.7220 Boiling Range
225-226°C

830.7300 Density/Relative Density/Bulk Density
0.8600-0.8640 g/mL

830.7370 Dissociation Constant in Water
Waiver requested. Based on the chemical structure, the
product does not contain any ionizable protons, and no
significant dissociation of protons in water is anticipated. No
significant environmental exposure is anticipated.

830.7550 Partition C oefficient
Log Kow= 4.3019

830.7840 Water Solubility
Insoluble in water

830.7950 Vapor Pressure
0.0972 mmHg

Table 3. Human Toxicology Data Requirements for heptyl Butyrate (40 CFR § 158.2050)
Studv TvDe/OPPTS Guideline
LDsn/LCWResults
Toxicity Category
MRID
Acute Oral Toxicity/OPPTS 870.1100
> 5000 mg/kg
IV
474519-13
Acute Dermal Toxicity/OPPTS 870.1200
> 5000 mg/kg
IV
474519-14
Acute Inhalation Toxicity/OPPTS 870.1300
> 5.43 mg/L
IV
474519-13
Acute Eye Irritation/OPPTS 870.2400
Mildly irritating
III
474519-13
Acute Dermal Irritation/OPPTS 870.2500
Non-irritating
IV
474519-14
Skin Sensitization/OPPTS 870.2600
Not skin sensitizer
IV
474519-14

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	Nontarget Organism Toxicity Requirements for active ingredient (40 CFR § 158.2060) MRID: 474519-12
VIII.	Appendix B.
For product specific information, please refer to ...add in link.
IX.	Appendix C.
Include link to Scientific Term Glossary

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