*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Industry Sectors
Comparing Industry Sectors
This chapter examines which sectors contribute the most to production-related waste
managed and total disposal or other releases in 2014, and highlights several industry
sectors to show trends occurring over time within each. It also includes a discussion about
the trends among federal facilities, which report to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI)
regardless of industry sector. For analysis purposes, the TRI program has combined 3- and
4-digit North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes to create 27 distinct
industry sector categories.
The industry sectors that are subject to TRI reporting requirements vary substantially in size,
scope, composition, and business type. As a result, the amounts and types of chemicals
used, generated, and managed by the facilities within a given industry sector often differ
greatly from those of facilities in other sectors. For facilities within the same industry sector,
however, the processes, products, and regulatory requirements are often similar, resulting in
similar manufacture, processing, or other use of toxic chemical use and waste generation.
Looking at waste management trends within a sector can identify emerging issues, highlight
progress made in environmental performance, and reveal opportunities for better waste
management practices.
Production-related waste managed and releases by sector
Production-Related Waste by Sector, 2014
25.45 billion pounds
All Others:
14%
Food/Beverages/Tobacco:
6% Chemicals:
40%
Paper:
Petro eum:
Electric Utilities:
Metal Mining:
Primary Metals:
11%
Seven industry sectors reported 86% of TRI chemicals managed as production-related waste
in 2014. A majority (60%) of TRI chemicals managed as production-related waste originated
1
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TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
from three sectors: chemical manufacturing (40%), primary metals (11%), and petroleum
products manufacturing, primarily from petroleum refineries (9%).
&EPA
Total Disposal or Other Releases by Sector, 2014
3.89 billion pounds
All Others: 8%
Hazardous Waste
Management: 3%
Food/Beverages/Tobacco:
4%
Paper: 5%_
Primary Metals: 9%_
Chemicals: 12%
Electric Utilities
13%
Metal Mining: 45%
This pie chart shows that 92% of TRI chemicals disposed of or otherwise released originated
from seven of the 27 TRI industry sectors. More than two-thirds originated from just three
industry sectors: metal mining (45%), electric utilities (13%), and chemical
manufacturing (12%). The chemical manufacturing sector is in the top three for both
production-related waste managed and total releases.
• For more details on how the amounts and proportions of TRI chemicals managed and
released have changed over time, see the production-related waste managed bv
industry trend graph and the releases bv industry trend graph.
• For more information on sectors with significant decreases in waste managed and
releases in recent years, see the industry sectors with largest percentage decrease in
waste managed graph and the types of source reduction activities graph.
• For more information on the influence that production and the economy have on waste
managed and releases, see the production-related waste managed and value added bv
the manufacturing sectors graph and the total releases and value added bv the
manufacturing sectors graph.
2
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TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Chemical Manufacturing
i Legend
Continental U.S.
—
" " Basemap ~
Continental U.S. T |
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600mi Esri, DeLorme, FAO, NOAA, USGS, EP.. \iQHf
MPYirn
Chemical Manufacturing Facilities that Reported to the TFSI Program for 2014
View Larger Map
Chemical manufacturers produce a variety of important products, including basic chemicals,
products used by other manufacturers (such as synthetic fibers, plastics, and pigments),
pesticides, pharmaceuticals, paints, and cosmetics, to name a few. In 2014, the chemical
manufacturing sector had the most facilities (3,460) report to the TRI Program and also
reported the largest portion of production-related waste managed (40% of all reported
production-related waste).
&EPA
3
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Quick Facts for 2014: Chemical Manufacturing
Number of TRI Facilities 3,460
Facilities Reporting Newly Implemented Source Reduction Activities in 2014 584
Production-Related Waste Managed 10,157.7 million lb
Recycled 4,068.6 million lb
Energy Recovery 1,745.9 million lb
Treated 3,845.7 million lb
Disposed of or Otherwise Released 497.5 million lb
Total Disposal or Other Releases 494.6 million lb
On-site 431.8 million lb
Air 156.4 million lb
Water 32.9 million lb
Land 242.5 million lb
Off-site 62.8 million lb
Note: Numbers may not sum exactly due to rounding.
4
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Chemical manufacturing waste management trend
Production-Related Waste Managed,
2003-2014: Chemical Manufacturing
16,000
14,000
» 12,000
¦o
c
g 10,000
0.
o 8,000
to
2 6,000
S 4,000
2,000
0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Year
Disposed of or Otherwise Released Treated
Energy Recovery Recycled
• Production
120
105
90
75
60
45
30
15
0
o
Q.
From 2003 to 2014:
• Production-related waste managed by the chemical manufacturing sector decreased by
9%, while production (represented by the black line as reported by the Federal Reserve
Board Industrial Production Index) fluctuated but changed little overall.
• Quantities of waste released, treated, or used in energy recovery have decreased, while
the quantity of waste recycled has increased.
From 2013 to 2014:
• Production-related waste managed decreased by 86.0 million pounds (1%).
• In 2014, 5% of the sector's waste was released, while the rest was managed through
treatment, energy recovery, and recycling.
Source Reduction in the Chemical Manufacturing Sector
Although this has consistently been the sector with the most production-related waste
managed, 17% of facilities in the sector initiated source reduction activities in 2014 to
reduce their toxic chemical use and waste generation. The most commonly reported
category of source reduction activities for the sector was good operating practices. For
example, one facility reduced the amount of formaldehyde waste managed by using a
materials balance audit to determine how many drums of formaldehyde it could recycle and
use again. Other common source reduction activities in the chemical manufacturing sector
include process modifications and spill and leak prevention. TRI's Pollution Prevention
Search Tool can help you learn more about pollution prevention opportunities in this sector.
5
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TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Chemical manufacturing releases trend
Total Disposal or Other Releases, 2003-2014:
Chemical Manufacturing
Wttftttttl
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Year
On-site Air Releases ¦ On-site Surface Water Discharges
¦ On-site Land Disposal ¦ Off-site Disposal or Other Releases
From 2003 to 2014:
• Total releases by the chemical manufacturing sector decreased by 14%. This is primarily
due to a reduction in air emissions.
• Water releases have also declined since 2003, while on-site releases to land and off-site
disposal have increased.
From 2013 to 2014:
• Total releases decreased by 29 million pounds (6%).
For more information on how facilities in this sector and other sectors can choose safer
chemicals, visit EPA's Safer Choice Program pages for Alternatives Assessments and
the Safer Chemical Ingredients List.
&EPA
600
-o
C
3
O
Q.
O
uo
C
o
400
= 200
6
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Metal Mining
Legend
Continental U.S.
a Basemap ¦
Missouri
¦¦
-t. \
r
. Laki
5 nye ri
I
Montreal
L ii kc
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Los
geles
V)
4 #
Dallas
o
¦ r
-------
*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Quick Facts for 2014: Metal Mining
Number of TRI Facilities
89
Facilities Reporting Newly Implemented Source Reduction Activities in 2014
9
Production-Related Waste Managed
1,842.7 million lb
Recycled
48.5 million lb
Energy Recovery
5 lb
Treated
23.0 million lb
Disposed of or Otherwise Released
1,771.3 million lb
Total Disposal or Other Releases
1,771.7 million lb
On-site
1,768.4 million lb
Air
2.9 million lb
Water
1.7 million lb
Land
1,763.7 million lb
Off-site
3.3 million lb
Note: Numbers may not sum exactly due to rounding.
8
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Metal mining waste management trend
2,500
Production-Related Waste Managed,
2003-2014: Metal Mining
2,000
? 1,500
1,000
3.0 o
2.4 K
1.8
1.2 £
0.6
o
!/>
c
o
0.0 ¦=
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Year
¦ Disposed of or Otherwise Released Treated
¦ Energy Recovery Recycled
^Mine Production
From 2003 to 2014:
• While metal mining production (as reported in the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral
Commodities Surveys) has remained relatively steady, the quantity of waste managed has
fluctuated.
o One factor other than production frequently cited by facilities as a contributor to the
changes in quantities of waste managed is the composition of the extracted ore and
waste rock, which can vary substantially from year to year. In some cases, small
changes in the waste's composition can impact whether chemicals in waste rock
qualify for a concentration-based exemption from TRI reporting in one year, but not
qualify for the exemption the next year or vice versa.
In 2014:
• 96% of the metal mining sector's production-related waste managed is disposed of or
otherwise released.
Source Reduction in the Metal Mining Sector
Nine of the 89 facilities initiated source reduction activities in 2014 to reduce their toxic
chemical use and waste generation. Toxic chemical quantities reported by this sector are
not especially amenable to source reduction, because they primarily reflect the natural
composition of the ore and waste rock. The most commonly reported source reduction
activity was good operating practices, which includes activities such as improving
9
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TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
maintenance scheduling, record keeping, or procedures. TRI's Pollution Prevention Search
Tool can help you learn more about pollution prevention opportunities in this sector.
Metal mining releases trend
Total Disposal or Other Releases,
2003-2014: Metal Mining
2,500
"§ 2,000
3
£ 1,500
o
c 1,000
o
| 500
0
Year
On-site Air Releases ¦ On-site Surface Water Discharges
¦ On-site Land Disposal ¦ Off-site Disposal or Other Releases
From 2003 to 2014:
• More than 99% of the metal mining sector's releases were in the form of on-site land
disposal. On-site land disposal by metal mines has fluctuated in recent years, increasing
significantly in 2013 and then decreasing in 2014.
• Several mining facilities have reported that changes in production and changes in the
chemical composition of the deposit being mined are the primary cause of these
fluctuations in the amount of chemicals reported.
• Metal mining facilities typically handle large volumes of material, and even a small
change in the chemical composition of the deposit being mined can lead to big changes
in the amount of toxic chemicals reported nationally.
In 2014:
• The metal mining sector reported the largest quantity of total disposal or other releases,
accounting for 45% of the releases for all industries. It also represents almost three
quarters (70%) of the on-site land disposal for all sectors.
&EPA
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
10
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Electric Utilities
¦ Legend
1 Continental U.S.
m
" Ba semap ~
o
iissouri[
"t. .
/. I* A.T
iuwriaf
Montreal
¦ "> ¦ ¦ » • -r . Ii'nf
f . - Toronto
. "¦ -- .% Jchicaffo^fjj ¦. " 0^
« ' ' ¦ I - ,Ti^V
¦ - U 111 TE D S aTj£ T ¦ S"# J,
, ¦ i ¦¦ "l* A* ¦'V^ JsfefliTigtor
f z ;t r A 'E
" r " * ¦ S« 5 ; ¦ ¦*:
Lis " . - ¦ ;¦ & ¦ Jf -
^ * <* - - . ¦ ' " £«¦&*/ i '
Da^ ' ¦ " ¦ • |» i»
V;-'-.. .. ¦* *. 1 i
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v ¦ i: ¦
* ¦ Homton
¦ rfv
¦ "t
jr
Gulf of Mexico
>
liami
TOQDI^EXI CO
BAHAMAS
Havana
600mi
May i rn
Electric Utilities that Reported to the TRI Program for 2014
View Larger Map
Esri, DeLorme, FAO. NOAA, USGS, EP... r<§05|j
The electric utilities sector consists of establishments primarily engaged in generating,
transmitting, and distributing electric power. Electricity-generating facilities combust or
otherwise use a variety of substances to generate electricity; however, only the combustion
of coal or oil to generate power for distribution in commerce is covered under TRI reporting
requirements. In 2014, 573 electric generating facilities reported to the TRI Program.
11
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Quick Facts for 2014: Electric Utilities
Number of TRI Facilities
573
Facilities Reporting Newly Implemented Source Reduction Activities in 2014
22
Production-Related Waste Managed
1,733.4 million lb
Recycled
7.6 million lb
Energy Recovery
462 thousand lb
Treated
1,191.3 million lb
Disposed of or Otherwise Released
534.0 million lb
Total Disposal or Other Releases
534.7 million lb
On-site
461.3 million lb
Air
182.3 million lb
Water
4.2 million lb
Land
274.8 million lb
Off-site
73.4 million lb
Note: Numbers may not sum exactly due to rounding.
12
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Electric utilities waste management trend
3,000
Production-Related Waste Managed,
2003-2014: Electric Utilities
2,400
o 1,800
Q.
o 1,200
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Year
Disposed of or Otherwise Released Treated
Energy Recovery Recycled
> Electricity Generation
From 2003-2014:
• Production-related waste managed has decreased by 49.9 million pounds (3%).
• Net electricity generation (in terms of electricity generated using coal and oil fuels as
reported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration), has
decreased by 23%. The recent production decrease is driven by the industry's transition
to natural gas, and only combustion of coal or oil to produce power is covered under TRI
reporting requirements.
• The releases per gigawatt-hour (GWh) produced have dramatically decreased, offset by
an increase in quantities treated per GWh produced.
In 2014:
• Approximately two-thirds of production-related waste managed was treated, while
approximately one-third was released.
o This is in contrast to 2003, when the opposite occurred - almost two-thirds of the
waste was released, and over one-third was treated. This trend is in large part due to
an increase in the number of scrubbers at electric utilities that treat (or destroy) acid
gases that would otherwise be released on-site to air.
Source Reduction in the Electric Utilities Sector
13
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Only 4% of facilities initiated source reduction activities in 2014 to reduce their toxic
chemical use and waste generation (note: adding a scrubber would not be considered a
source reduction activity because it controls waste rather than prevents the generation of
waste). The most frequently reported type of source reduction activities for this sector was
process modifications, which include activities such as modifying equipment, layout, or
piping. TRI's Pollution Prevention Search Tool can help you learn more about pollution
prevention opportunities in this sector.
Electric utilities releases trend
Total Disposal or Other Releases,
2003-2014: Electric Utilities
1,250
1,000 |
O
CL
o
c
o
750 —I
500 -
250
Hill
i
Htm
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Year
On-site Air Releases ¦ On-site Surface Water Discharges
On-site Land Disposal ¦ Off-site Disposal or Other Releases
rrom 2003 to 2014:
• Releases from the electric utilities sector decreased by 50%. This decrease is driven by a
75% decrease in on-site air releases, whereas on-site land disposal and off-site disposal
or other releases remained relatively constant over this time period
From 2013 to 2014:
• Releases by electric utilities decreased by 3% (18 million pounds). This decrease was
primarily driven by a decrease in on-site air releases.
• This sector reported the second-greatest total disposal or other releases of any industry
sector for 2014, including the greatest on-site air emissions, which represented 25% of
air emissions from all industries.
14
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Automotive Manufacturing
1
Legend
Show:
L os
n gel es
Continental U.S
* * Basemap ~
frl issou n
/ o kv
5 upe rio r
r
-y
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UNITED S ItS
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BAHAMAS
Havana
600mi
Esri, DeLorme, FAO, NOAA, USGS, EP...
IlilAvirn
Automotive Manufacturing Facilities that Reported to the TRI Program for 2014
View Larger Map
The automotive manufacturing sector includes facilities that assemble automobiles, light
trucks, and utility vehicles to produce finished vehicles, as well as facilities that manufacture
automotive vehicle parts and bodies. It includes the NAICS codes 3361, 3362, and 3363,
which are a subset of the Transportation Equipment industry sector category. Compared to
the other industry sectors profiled, this sector is small in terms of the quantities of
chemicals released or managed as waste. However, given the attention on the automotive
sector's production levels in recent years, the sector is included as one of the Industry
Sector Profiles.
15
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Quick Facts for 2014: Automotive Manufacturing
Number of TRI Facilities
810
Facilities Reporting Newly Implemented Source Reduction Activities in 2014
124
Production-Related Waste Managed
175.8 million lb
Recycled
131.1 million lb
Energy Recovery
2.1 million lb
Treated
22.0 million lb
Disposed of or Otherwise Released
20.7 million lb
Total Disposal or Other Releases
19.9 million lb
On-site
14.9 million lb
Air
14.8 million lb
Water
13 thousand lb
Land
134 thousand lb
Off-site
5.0 million lb
Note: Numbers may not sum exactly due to rounding.
16
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Automotive manufacturing waste management trend
Production-Related Waste Managed,
2003-2014: Automotive Manufacturing
300
120
o 150
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Year
Disposed of or Otherwise Released
Energy Recovery
¦ Production
Treated
I Recycled
c
o
¦a
o
From 2003 to 2014:
• Automotive manufacturing production (as reported by the Federal Reserve Board
Industrial Production Index) dropped by 41% from 2007 to 2009, and has since
increased to a level in 2014 that exceeds 2003 production.
• The sector's production-related waste followed a trend similar to production, but still
remains below 2003 levels. Overall, production-related waste decreased by 14% from
2003 to 2014 while production increased by 9%, indicating that waste per vehicle
decreased over this time period.
• The proportion of managed waste that is recycled has increased from 2003, when 57% of
total production-related waste was recycled, to 2014 when 75% was recycled.
• During the same time period, quantities disposed or otherwise released declined from
24% of total production-related waste in 2003 to 12% in 2014.
Source Reduction in the Automotive Manufacturing Sector
Fifteen percent of facilities reported having initiated practices to reduce their toxic chemical
use and waste generation through source reduction activities implemented in 2014. The
most frequently reported source reduction activities for the sector were good operating
practices and process modifications. For example, one facility incorporated closed molding
systems to reduce releases of methyl methacrvlate. TRI's Pollution Prevention Search
Tool can help you learn more about pollution prevention opportunities in this sector.
17
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Automotive manufacturing releases trend
Total Disposal or Other Releases,
2003-2014: Automotive Manufacturing
50
40
T3
C
=J
o
CL
30
2 20
10
120
100
80
60
40
20
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
On-site Air Releases
On-site Land Disposal
• Production
2008 2009
Year
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
On-site Surface Water Discharges
Off-site Disposal or Other Releases
£
O
t5
=J
"O
o
From 2003 to 2014:
• The sector's total disposal or other releases decreased by 58%, driven by a 24-million-
pound reduction in on-site air releases. This is in contrast to the 9% increase in
production since 2003.
• Notably, since 2009, releases have remained relatively stable while production has
almost doubled.
In 2014:
• The automotive manufacturing sector's disposal or other release quantities are
dominated by on-site air releases (74%), with the remaining releases largely reported as
off-site disposal or other releases.
18
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Federal Facilities
¦ Legend
Continental U.S.
—
" Basemap ~
I
Q
•jWt i sson ri
¦
¦
¦
*2.
7
>
I. ii kc
Supc rio r
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Toronto
Montreal
o O/jforio
Z. ¦
V) .
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Detroit " " £¦'
O |,I A; < 0
hingtor
LPH " *
* ¦ ¦*>
- 'UVited's^t|; ¦ -
. , ¦ J. ¦ v" ¦ . - V- IS
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Lost ¦ ¦ J I m mji
*p|ps_' ¦ Tfi ¦ " 1 ^
SBlra»S ¦ * ¦ Atlanta.
. V . Dalla» ¦ : # 1 !
I-' r ¦. 1,0 - > . . •
r ; -i . t
, ¦ Houston a«» "» . jp
¦ I
Gi
-------
*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Quick Facts for 2014: Federal Facilities
Number of TRI Facilities 446
Facilities Reporting Newly Implemented Source Reduction Activities in 2014 28
Production-Related Waste Managed 199.4 million lb
Recycled 53.3 million lb
Energy Recovery 2.7 million lb
Treated 90.2 million lb
Disposed of or Otherwise Released 53.2 million lb
Total Disposal or Other Releases 57.3 million lb
On-site 53.6 million lb
Air 13.7 million lb
Water 12.1 million lb
Land 27.8 million lb
Off-site 3.7 million lb
Note: Numbers may not sum exactly due to rounding.
20
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
federal facilities by sector
Federal Facilities by Sector, 2014
446 facilities
All Others
Fossil Fuel Electric
Power Generation
(e.g., coal power
plant): 3%
Police Protection
(e.g., firing range):
5%
Correctional
Institutions (e.g.,
federal prison): 12%
National Security
(e.g., US Army
Base): 62%
For the year 2014, 446 federal facilities in 38 different types of operations (based on their
6-digit NAICS codes) reported to the TRI Program. Almost two-thirds of these facilities were in
the National Security sector, which includes Department of Defense facilities such as Army
and Air Force bases. While all federal facilities are subject to TRI reporting requirements
regardless of their industry sector classification, for some industry sectors the TRI database
only contains information from federal facilities. In fact, more than three-quarters of federal
facilities are in just three sectors: National Security, such as military bases (62%);
Correctional Institutions (12%); and Police Protection, such as training sites for Border Patrol
stations (5%). No non-federal facilities in these three sectors have reported to the TRI
Program.
As with non-federal facilities, activities at federal facilities drive the types and quantities of
releases reported. Some of the activities at federal facilities that are captured by TRI
reporting are similar to those at non-federal facilities, such as hazardous waste treatment. In
other cases, federal facilities may report due to a more specialized activity not usually
performed by non-federal facilities. For example, all of the federal facilities included under
Police Protection and Correctional Institutions only reported for lead and lead compounds,
likely due to the use of lead-containing ammunition on firing ranges at these facilities.
21
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*>EPA
TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Waste management by federal facilities
Production-Related Waste by
Government Organization, 2014
199.4 million pounds
All Others:.
5%
Department of___
the Treasury:
10%
Department of
Defense:
34%
.Tennessee Valley
Authority:
51%
This figure shows that 95% of the TRI chemicals managed as production-related waste at
federal facilities in 2014 was reported by: the Tennessee Valley Authority (51%), the
Department of Defense (34%), and the Department of the Treasury (10%). All other
government organizations comprised 5% of the production-related waste managed and
reported by federal facilities.
The types of waste reported by federal facilities vary by the type of operation. For example,
the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a government-owned electric utility that provides
power to southeastern States. Out of the 18 TVA facilities that reported to the TRI Program
for 2014, virtually all of the production-related waste comes from the fossil fuel plants that
report in the Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation sector. Similarly, out of the six
Department of the Treasury facilities that reported, most are mints for manufacturing
currency and, accordingly, report in the Metal Stamping sector NAICS classification.
Case study: federal facility source reduction
Since federal facilities are subject to TRI reporting regardless of their industry sector
classification, their operations are diverse and few focus on manufacturing processes. With
their unique operations, some federal facilities may face challenges in implementing source
reduction strategies to reduce chemical waste. For the 2014 reporting year, 28 federal
facilities (6%) reported implementing source reduction activities.
22
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TRI National Analysis 2014: Industry Sectors
www.epa.gov/trinationalanalvsis
Updated January 2016
Facilities that do not implement source reduction activities may elect to indicate the types of
barriers to source reduction they encountered. For federal facilities, most of the facilities
that indicate barriers to implementing source reduction are national security or correctional
institutions that report on lead or copper. For example, several facilities in the National
Security sector indicated that they reported on lead because it is contained in the
ammunition used on site and they have not been able to identify ammunition that does not
contain lead. However, other federal facilities have been able to implement some source
reduction activities.
Source Reduction Example: Reducing TRI Releases at Anniston Army Depot
Anniston Army Depot (ANAD) is a U.S. Army maintenance center and munitions storage site
in northeast Alabama. ANAD previously used a paint stripping solvent that contained
approximately 75% dichloromethane, 20% formic acid, and 5% aromatics. ANAD began
research in 2009 to find a replacement paint stripper that was water-based and would
reduce the total volume of Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) emitted by the facility. The new
paint stripper selected by ANAD is free of dichloromethane and formic acid. ANAD also
implemented ultrasonic cleaning solutions and equipment as a replacement to
trichloroethylene used in degreasing operations. As shown in the figure below, ANAD has
reduced TRI reportable chemical wastes significantly since they began implementing these
initiatives. Note that for the 2014 reporting year, the releases from a separate facility were
reclassified to be included under ANAD's release inventory, which likely explains the slight
increase in total production-related waste managed.
Management of TRI Chemicals at Anniston Army Depot
1,000,000
¦O 900,000
I 800,000
~ 700,000
ts
I 600,000
"o 500,000
+¦»
"3 400,000
of
g 300,000
1 200,000
¦o
I 100,000
0
Year
¦ Disposed of or Otherwise Released I Treated ¦ Energy Recovery ¦ Recycled
&EPA
Water-based paint
stripperfully
implemented
Began research
into water-based
paint stripper
Additional facility
MUUILIUI ldl I dL.NI Ly
H h H H H reclassified under
ANAD TRI FID
ii mill,.
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
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