Communities arid Ecosystem Division
Toxics Office
75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, CA 94105
866-EPA-WEST • www.epa.gov/region9
Serving Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, the Pacific Islands and 148 Tribes
x>EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Pacific Southwest/Region 9
Toxics Release Inventory
2011 Hawai Report
Hawaii's Releases
36 Hawaii facilities reported a total of 2.6 million
pounds of toxic chemical releases during 2011.
Hawaii's total reported on-site and off-site releases
increased 4% (101 thousand pounds), when com-
pared to 2010 data.
What is a Release?
A TRI "release" is defined by the Federal report-
ing laws as the amount of a toxic chemical released
on-site (to air, water, underground injection, land-
fills, and other land disposal), and the amount
transferred off-site for disposal; it is measured in
pounds, unless stated otherwise.
Total Releases for Reporting Years 2009 - 2011
Year
Air
Water
On-Site
Land
Under-
ground
Injection
Off-Site
Total
Releases
2009
2,228,566
222,963
147,530
4,477
343,705
2,947,241
2010
1,739,249
452,359
171,221
2,603
130,173
2,495,605
2011
1,845,550
409,370
124,224
3,722
214,203
2,597,069
Releases to the Environment
Air: Air releases increased 6% (106 thousand
pounds) since 2010.
Water: Water releases decreased 10% (43 thou-
sand pounds) since 2010.
On-Site Land: On-site land releases decreased
27% (47 thousand pounds) since 2010.
Underground Injection: Underground Injection
releases increased 43% (1 thousand pounds) since
2010.
Off-Site Transfers: Total off-site transfers have
increased 65% (84 thousand pounds) since 2010.
Facilities with Largest Chemical Releases
The top ten facilities in Hawaii for total on-site
and off-site releases of all chemicals were the
following:

Facility Name
City
County
Total
Releases
1
HAWAIIAN ELECTRIC CO. INC. -
KAHE GENERATING STATION
Kapolei
Honolulu
586,068
2
JOINT BASE PEARL HARBOR-
HICKAM HAWAII
Pearl Harbor
Honolulu
414,978
3
CHEVRON PRODUCTS.CO.-
HAWAII REFINERY
Kapolei
Honolulu
252,212
4
AES HAWAII INC.
Kapolei
Honolulu
207,642
5
HAWAIIAN ELECTRIC CO. INC.-
WAIAU GENERATING STATION
Pearl City
Honolulu
196,134
6
MAUI ELECTRIC CO. LTD.-
KAHULUI GENERATING STATION
Kahului
Maui
190,021
7
TESORO HAWAII REFINERY
Kapolei
Honolulu
165,263
8
HAWAII ELECTRIC LIGHT CO. INC.-
HILL GENERATING STATION
Hilo
Hawaii
160,033
9
MAUI ELECTRIC CO. LTD -
MAALAEAGENERATING STATION
Kihei
Maui
94,299
10
HAWAII ELECTRIC LIGHT CO. INC.
- PUNAGENERATING STATION
Keaau
Hawaii
65,011
Top 10 Released Chemicals
The top released chemicals based on total on-site
and off-site releases in Hawaii were the following:
Chemical
Total Releases
(pounds)
Percentage of
Total Releases
SULFURIC ACID (1994 AND AFTER
'ACID AEROSOLS'ONLY)
1,221,425
47%
NITRATE COMPOUNDS
407,091
16%
BARIUM COMPOUNDS
148,986
6%
AMMONIA.
122,573
5%
HYDROCHLORIC ACID (1995 AND
AFTER'ACID AEROSOLS'ONLY
106,000
4%
LEAD AND LEAD COMPOUNDS
74,478
3%
N-HEXANE
65,729
3%
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
58,066
2%
N--BUTYL ALCOHOL
55,100
2%
COPPER
53,446
2%

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Industry Breakdown
Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Dis-
tribution accounts for 60% of total releases in
2011.
am other Industry Sectors
3%
Facilities with Largest PBT Releases
The top ten facilities in Hawaii for total on-site and
off-site releases of PBT chemicals are:
Defense
Department A
22%
Electric Utilities
59%
PBT Chemical Releases
Starting in 2000, EPA established more stringent
reporting thresholds for persistent bioaccumulative
toxic (PBT) chemicals originally on, or added to, the
TRI chemical list PBT chemicals are of particular
concern not only because they are toxic, but also
because they remain in the environment for long
periods of time, are not readily destroyed, and build
up or accumulate in body tissue The TRI PBT chemi-
cals include dioxin and dioxin-like compounds, lead
and lead compounds, mercury and mercury com-
pounds, polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), poly-
chlorinated biphenyls (PCBsJ, and certain pesticides,
among other chemicals.
In Hawaii, 77 thousand pounds of total (on-site
and off-site] releases of PBT chemicals were re-
ported in 2011. This is a decrease of 18 thousand
pounds or 19% since 2010. Lead and lead com-
pounds top the list again in 2011. The PBT chemi-
cals in the table are ranked in descending order
for 2011.

Facility Name
City
County
Total
Releases
1
US ARMY SCH0FIELD
BARRACKS - RANGE FACILITY
Schofield
Barracks
Honolulu
29,800
2
US MARINE CORPS BASE HAWAII
-PUUL0ATRAINING FACILITY
Ewa Beach
Honolulu
22,543
3
US ARMYP0HAKUL0A TRAINING
AREA-RANGE FACILITY
Hilo
Honolulu
13,760
4
US MARINE CORPS BASE HAWAII
Kaneohe Bay
Honolulu
4,675
5
AES HAWAII INC.
Kapolei
Honolulu
2,943
6
MAUI ELECTRIC CO. LTD. -
MAALAEAGENERATING STATION
Kihei
Maui
749
7
HAWAIIAN ELECTRIC CO. INC.-
KAHE GENERATING STATION
Kapolei
Honolulu
658
8
CHEVRON PRODUCTS CO.-
HAWAII REFINERY
Kapolei
Honolulu
594
9
KALAEL0AC0GEN PLANT
Kapolei
Honolulu
271
10
HAWAIIAN ELECTRIC CO. INC.-
WAIAU GENERATING STATION
Pearl City
Honolulu
134
For More Information
For more information, see www.e p a. go v /tr i for
national TRI information or www.epa.gov/region
09/tri for Regional TRI information, or contact Lily
Lee, Toxic Release Inventory Coordinator, US EPA
Region 9, at lee.lilv@epa.gov or 415-947-4187.
Release data alone are not sufficient to determine exposure
or to calculate potential risks to human health and the
environment. TRI data, in conjunction with other information,
such as the toxicity of the chemical, the release medium
(e.g., air), and site-specific conditions, can be used as a
starting point in evaluating exposures that may result from
releases of toxic chemicals.
Chemical
Total On-Site and Off-Site
Releases in Pounds
Percent
Change
2010
2011
LEAD 8 LEAD COMPOUNDS
93,115
74,478
-20%
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC
COMPOUNDS
1,328
1,798
35%
MERCURY8MERCURY
COMPOUNDS
553
231
-58%
BENZO(G,H,l)PERYLENE
6
8
33%
DIOXIN AND DIOXIN-LIKE
COMPOUNDS
.009
.009
0%
* Releases of most Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic (PBT)
chemicals are in pounds. Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds data
are reported in grams but have been converted to pounds in the
table above for consistency.

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