U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Hazard Characterization Document
September, 2014
SCREENING-LEVEL HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION
Neodecanoic Acid, 2, 3-Epoxypropyl Ester
(CASRN 26761-45-5)
The High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program1 was conceived as a voluntary initiative
aimed at developing and making publicly available screening-level health and environmental
effects information on chemicals manufactured in or imported into the United States in quantities
greater than one million pounds per year. In the Challenge Program, producers and importers of
HPV chemicals voluntarily sponsored chemicals; sponsorship entailed the identification and
initial assessment of the adequacy of existing toxicity data/information, conducting new testing if
adequate data did not exist, and making both new and existing data and information available to
the public. Each complete data submission contains data on 18 internationally agreed to "SIDS"
(Screening Information Data Set1'2) endpoints that are screening-level indicators of potential
hazards (toxicity) for humans or the environment.
The Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) is
evaluating the data submitted in the HPV Challenge Program on approximately 1400 sponsored
chemicals by developing hazard characterizations (HCs). These HCs consist of an evaluation of
the quality and completeness of the data set provided in the Challenge Program submissions.
They are not intended to be definitive statements regarding the possibility of unreasonable risk of
injury to health or the environment.
The evaluation is performed according to established EPA guidance2,3 and is based primarily on
hazard data provided by sponsors; however, in preparing the hazard characterization, EPA
considered its own comments and public comments on the original submission as well as the
sponsor's responses to comments and revisions made to the submission. In order to determine
whether any new hazard information was developed since the time of the HPV submission, a
search of the following databases was made from one year prior to the date of the HPV
Challenge submission to the present: (ChemID to locate available data sources including
Medline/PubMed, Toxline, HSDB, IRIS, NTP, AT SDR, IARC, EXTOXNET, EPA SRS, etc.),
STN/CAS online databases (Registry file for locators, ChemAbs for toxicology data, RTECS,
Merck, etc.), Science Direct and ECHA4. OPPT's focus on these specific sources is based on
their being of high quality, highly relevant to hazard characterization, and publicly available.
OPPT does not develop HCs for those HPV chemicals which have already been assessed
internationally through the HPV program of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD) and for which Screening Initial Data Set (SIDS) Initial Assessment
Reports (SIAR) and SIDS Initial Assessment Profiles (SIAP) are available. These documents are
presented in an international forum that involves review and endorsement by governmental
1	U.S. EPA. High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program; http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/index.htm.
2	U.S. EPA. HPV Challenge Program - Information Sources; http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/pubs/general/guidocs.htm.
3	U.S. EPA. Risk Assessment Guidelines; http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/raf/rafguid.cfm.
4	European Chemicals Agency, http://echa.europa.eu.

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authorities around the world. OPPT is an active participant in these meetings and accepts these
documents as reliable screening-level hazard assessments.
These hazard characterizations are technical documents intended to inform subsequent decisions
and actions by OPPT. Accordingly, the documents are not written with the goal of informing the
general public. However, they do provide a vehicle for public access to a concise assessment of
the raw technical data on HPV chemicals and provide information previously not readily
available to the public.
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Chemical Abstract
Service Registry Number
(CASRN)
26761-45-5
Chemical Abstract Index
Name
Neodecanoic Acid, Oxiranylmethyl Ester
Structural Formula
O
O—'I CH,
or^ >C^^h3
h3c
SMILES: 0=C(0CCIOC 1)C(CCCCCC)(C)C
Summary
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester is a liquid with moderate vapor pressure and
moderate water solubility. It is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. Volatilization is
expected to be moderate based on its Henry's Law constant. The rate of hydrolysis is not
known; however, analogous epoxides have rapid to moderate rates of hydrolysis under
environmental conditions. The rate of atmospheric photooxidation is moderate. Neodecanoic
acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester is not readily biodegradable. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl
ester is expected to have low persistence (PI) and low bioaccumulation potential (Bl).
The acute oral and dermal toxicity of neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester in rats is low
and the acute inhalation toxicity is moderate. In a 5-week dietary repeated-dose toxicity study
in rats, increases in kidney and liver weights with histopathological changes in the kidney
were observed in both sexes at > 478 mg/kg-bw/day. The NOAEL for systemic toxicity is 96
mg/kg-bw/day. No specific reproductive or developmental toxicity studies are available.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester induced gene mutations in bacteria in vitro, but did
not induce DNA damage in rat liver in vivo. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester did
induce chromosomal aberrations in rat liver cells in vitro. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl
ester is irritating to rabbit skin, a dermal sensitizer in guinea pigs and is not irritating to the
rabbit eye.
For neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester, the 96-h LCso for fish is 5.0 mg/L, the 48-h
ECso for aquatic invertebrates is 4.8 mg/L and the 96-h EC50 for aquatic plants is 3.5 mg/L for
biomass.
The reproductive and developmental toxicity endpoints were identified as data gaps under the
HPV Challenge Program.
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The sponsor, ExxonMobil Chemical Company, submitted a Test Plan and Robust Summaries to
EPA for neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester (CASRN 26761-45-5; CA Index Name:
neodecanoic acid, oxiranylmethyl ester) on December 17, 2003. EPA posted the submission on
the ChemRTK HPV Challenge Web site on February 9, 2004
(http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/pubs/summaries/neol2epx/cl4933tc.htm). EPA comments on the
original submission were posted to the website on July 1, 2004. Public comments were also
received and posted to the website.
1. Chemical Identity
1.1	Identification and Purity
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester is a liquid with moderate vapor pressure and moderate
water solubility.
The Robust Summary indicates that neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester has uses as a
solvent, intermediate, and others among several industries including the lacquer, paints,
varnishes, and intermediate industries. The Robust Summary does not provide information on
the purity of the tested neodecanoic acid, 2,3-epoxypropyl ester substance.
1.2	Physical-Chemical Properties
The physical-chemical properties of neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester are summarized in
Table 1.
Table 1. Physical-Chemical Properties of Neodecanoic Acid, 2, 3-Epoxypropyl Ester1
Property
Value
CASRN
26761-45-5
Molecular Weight
228.33
Physical State
Liquid
Melting Point
-68°C (measured)
Boiling Point
484-491°C (measured)2;
251-278 °C (measured)2
Vapor Pressure
0.11 mm Hg at 20°C (measured)
Dissociation Constant
(pKa)
Not applicable
Henry's Law Constant
3.7><10"6 atm-m3/mole (estimated)3'4
Water Solubility
12.9 mg/L at 25°C (estimated)3'4
Log Kow
4.4 (measured)3'4
'The ExxonMobil Company. 2003. Revised Test Plan and Robust Summary for Neodecanoic acid, 2,3-
epoxypropyl ester. Available online at http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/pubs/summaries/neo 12epx/c 14933tc.htm as of
June 18, 2012.
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2 A much lower boiling point range of 251-278°C was reported in the robust summary. This value appears to be for
the Shell Corporation commercial product called Cardura E10. The preferred range in the test plan and robust
summary was 484-491°C and corresponds to the commercial product Glydexx N-10 available from the sponsor
(ExxonMobil). No discussion was presented regarding the possible branching patterns or how they could affect
the physical-chemical properties of the commercial substances. The measured vapor pressure (14.67 Pa at 20 °C)
is more consistent with the lower boiling point range.
3U.S. EPA. 2012. Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows, v4.10. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. Available online at
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/exposure/pubs/episuitedl.htm as of June 18, 2012.
4This endpoint may not be applicable. It was reported that the test substance is expected to hydrolyze in aqueous
solution to the corresponding diol. No hydrolysis rate data were reported for neodecanoic acid, 2,3-epoxypropyl
ester; however, several epoxide analogs had reported hydrolysis half-lives of approximately 1 minute to 8 days at
pH 7.
2. General Information on Exposure
2.1	Production Volume and Use Pattern
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester had an aggregated production and/or import volume in
the United States between 1 and 10 million pounds during calendar year 2005.
Non-confidential information in the IUR indicated that the industrial processing and uses of the
chemical include paint and coating manufacturing as other; resin and synthetic rubber
manufacturing as adhesives and binding agents. Non-confidential commercial and consumer
uses of this chemical include paints and coatings.
2.2	Environmental Exposure and Fate
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. A
commercial substance, Glydexx N-10, achieved 11.6% of its theoretical biochemical oxygen
demand (BOD) after 28 days using the Manometric respirometry (OECD 301F) test. A second
commercial substance, Cardura E10 (Shell Corporation) only achieved 7-8% of its theoretical
BOD after 28 days using an activated sludge inoculum and the closed bottle (OECD 301 D) test.
However, this same commercial substance was degraded 68% following a 22-day incubation
period and was inherently biodegradable as measured by dissolved organic carbon removal in a
semi-continuous activated sludge (SCAS) (OECD 302A) test. Volatilization is expected to be
moderate based on its Henry's Law constant. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester is
expected to hydrolyze to its corresponding diol; however, the rate of this reaction is not known.
Citing data from a secondary source, the hydrolysis half-life of 14 other epoxides ranged from 1
minute to 8 days at pH 7. The rate of atmospheric photooxidation is moderate. Assuming
hydrolysis occurs at a rate similar to other epoxide analogs, neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl
ester is expected to have low persistence (PI) and low bioaccumulation potential (Bl).
The environmental fate properties are provided in Table 2.
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Table 2. Environmental Fate Properties of Neodecanoic Acid, 2, 3-Epoxypropyl Ester1
Property
Value
CASRN
26761-45-5
Photodegradation Half-life
13.3 hours (estimated)2
Hydrolysis Half-life
Hydrolyzes to its corresponding diol.
Biodegradation
11.6% after 28 days (not readily biodegradable);
7-8% after 28 days (not readily biodegradable);
68%) after 14 days (inherently biodegradable)
Bioaccumulation Factor
BAF = 62.2 (estimated)2
Log Koc
2.4 (estimated)2
Fugacity
(Level III Model)2
Air (%)
Water (%)
Soil (%)
Sediment (%)
2.0
25.6
72.1
0.3
Persistence3
PI (low)
Bi oaccumul ati on3
Bl (low)
'The ExxonMobil Company. 2003. Revised Test Plan and Robust Summary for Neodecanoic acid, 2,3-
epoxypropyl ester. Available online at http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/pubs/summaries/neol2epx/cl4933tc.htm as of
June 18, 2012.
2U.S. EPA. 2012. Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows, v4.10. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. Available online at
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/exposure/pubs/episuitedl.htm as of June 18, 2012.
3Federal Register. 1999. Category for Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic New Chemical Substances. Federal
Register 64, Number 213 (November 4, 1999) pp. 60194-60204.
Conclusion: Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester is a liquid with moderate vapor pressure
and moderate water solubility. It is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. Volatilization is
expected to be moderate based on its Henry's Law constant. The rate of hydrolysis is not
known; however, analogous epoxides have rapid to moderate rates of hydrolysis. The rate of
atmospheric photooxidation is moderate. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester is expected
to have low persistence (PI) and low bioaccumulation potential (Bl).
3. Human Health Hazard
A summary of the human health toxicity data submitted for SIDS endpoint is provided in
Table 3.
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Acute Oral Toxicity
Wistar rats (4/sex/dose) were administered neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester via gavage
at -1250, 2500, 5000 or 10,000 mg/kg. Following treatment was a 9-day observation period.
One female rat died at 10,000 mg/kg on day 2.
LDso > 10,000 mg/kg
Acute Dermal Toxicity
Wistar rats (2/sex/dose) were administered undiluted neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester
dermally at 2000 and 4000 mg/kg/day to shaved skin under occlusive conditions for 24 hours.
After 24 hours, the exposed area was washed and animals were observed for 9 days. No
mortality occurred.
LD50 > 4000 mg/kg
Acute Inhalation Toxicity
Wister rats (5/sex) were administered neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester via inhalation at
240 mg/m3 for 4 hours. Animals were continuously observed for the first 30 minutes and then
every 15 minutes throughout exposure. After exposure, the animals were observed for 14 days.
No mortality occurred during the study. OTS 0205968
LC50 > 240 mg/m3 (-25.7 mg/L)
Repeated-Dose Toxicity
Wistar rats (20/sex for controls or 10/sex/dose for treatment) were daily administered
neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester via the diet at 0 (controls), -10, 48, 96, 478 or 888
mg/kg-bw/day (0, 100, 500, 1000, 5000 or 10,000 ppm, respectively) for 36 days.
Concentrations in all dose level diets were within ± 10% of nominal value. No deaths occurred
during the study. A statistically significant decrease in food consumption and body weights were
observed in males at > 478 mg/kg-bw/day and in females at 888 mg/kg-bw/day. A statistically
significant decrease in food efficiency was observed in both sexes at 888 mg/kg-bw/day.
Statistically significant decreases in glucose were observed in males at > 478 mg/kg-bw/day and
in females at 888 mg/kg-bw/day. A statistically significant decrease in red blood cells and
hematocrit at 888 mg/kg-bw/day and decreases in neutrophils at all doses were observed in male
rats. Statistically significant increases in the absolute and relative liver and kidney weights were
observed in both sexes at > 478 mg/kg-bw/day. Statistically significant decreases in the absolute
heart and brain weights were observed in females at 888 mg/kg-bw/day. Histopathological
examinations showed kidney lesions in both sexes at > 478 mg/kg-bw/day. No treatment related
effects were observed at < 96 mg/kg-bw/day. Other effects observed at 888 mg/kg-bw/day
includes increased plasma urea and total tubular epithelial cells in males, treatment-induced
nephrotoxicity to the proximal tubules of the kidneys (most pronounced in males) and decreased
alkaline phosphatase activity in females. Nephrotoxicity was described as degenerative,
occlusive and regenerative lesions in proximal renal tubules in males; lesions in females at the
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two highest doses were described as very mild. At 888 mg/kg-bw/day, females showed an
increase in plasma protein and males showed an increase in ketone levels and sodium
concentrations. Increased potassium concentrations were observed in males at 478 mg/kg-
bw/day. Additional study details were obtained from OTS0534964.
LOAEL = 478 mg/kg-bw/day (based on increased liver and kidney weights and degenerative
lesions of renal proximal tubules)
NOAEL = 96 mg/kg-bw/day
Reproductive Toxicity
No adequate data
Developmental Toxicity
No Data
Genetic Toxicity — Gene Mutation
In Vitro
(1)	Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1538 were exposed to 20|iL
of neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester in DMSO at 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 25, and 100 mg/mL with
final concentrations of 0, 0.2, 2.0, 500 and 2000 |ig/plate in the presence and absence of
metabolic activation. Positive controls were included, but the robust summary did not mention if
appropriate responses were obtained. Mutagenic responses were observed in strains TA100,
TA1535 and TA1538 in the presence of metabolic activation.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was mutagenic in the presence of metabolic
activation in this assay.
(2)	Escherichia coli strain WP2 was exposed to 20|iL of neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl
ester in DMSO at 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 25 and 100 mg/mL for final concentrations of 0, 0.2, 2.0, 500
and 2000 |ig/plate in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. Positive controls were
included, but the robust summary did not mention if appropriate responses were obtained. All
tests were carried out in quadruplicate. In one experiment, an increased number of revertant
colonies were observed, but the result was not reproducible. Therefore, it was concluded that no
consistent reproducible mutagenic effect was observed in response to exposure to the test
substance.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was not mutagenic in this assay.
(3)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain JDlwere exposed to neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl
ester in a 20|iL volume of DMSO at 1, 10, 100, and 500 mg/mL with final concentrations of
0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/mL in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. A total of
10 experiments were carried out (5 with and 5 without metabolic activation). Positive controls
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were not mentioned in the robust summary. There were isolated increases in gene conversion,
but they were not reproducible and therefore considered of no biological significance.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was not mutagenic in this assay.
(4) Salmonella typhimurium strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537were exposed to
neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000|ig/plate in the
presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was
positive in strains TA100 and TA1535 in the presence of metabolic activation.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was mutagenic in the presence of metabolic
activation in this assay.
Genetic Toxicity — Chromosomal Aberrations
In vitro
In a mammalian chromosome aberration assay, cultured rat liver cells (RL1) were exposed to
neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester at concentrations of 12.5, 25 and 50 |ig/mL for 24
hours. A second set of experiments was conducted at concentrations of 7.5, 15 and 30 [j,g/mL
with incubation times of 6 or 24 hours. Positive controls were included, but the robust summary
did not mention if appropriate responses were obtained. A low frequency of chromatid
exchanges were observed in cultures treated with 50 jag/m L of neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-
epoxypropyl ester in the first experiment. In the second experiment, a low frequency of
chromatid aberrations were observed at 15 and 30 (j,g/ml at 6 hours, and at 24 hours, for all dose
levels. It was concluded that neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester induced a low frequency
of chromatid aberrations at concentrations just below the cytotoxic dose (but the robust summary
did not indicate the quantitative magnitude of the increase compared with control frequency).
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester induced chromosomal aberrations in this assay.
Genetic Toxicity — Other
In vivo
In a rat liver DNA integrity assay, Wistar rats (1/sex) were given a single dose of neodecanoic
acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester in DMSO via gavage at 5 mL/kg-bw for 6 hours. Animals were also
treated with a positive control (methyl methanesulphonate in DMSO) or the solvent control
(DMSO). Livers were removed and analyzed 6 hours after treatment for DNA damage by
alkaline elution analysis. In the pre-treatment stage, a partial hepatectomy was performed and
the liver was labeled with thymidine-(methyl-3H) during the peak of restorative DNA synthesis.
Animals were used in the experiment after a minimum recovery period of 2 weeks. No
measurable DNA single-stand damage was found. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester and
any generated metabolites did not have any effect on the integrity of rat liver DNA.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester did not induce liver DNA damage in this assay.
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Additional Information
Eye Irritation
Rabbits (4; sex and strain unspecified) were administered undiluted neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-
epoxypropyl ester (0.2 mL) into the conjunctival sac of one eye of each of the rabbits. The
contra-lateral eye served as the control. Observations were taken at 1 or 2 hours and on days 1,
2, 3 and 7. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was non-irritating to rabbit eyes. The
maximum mean score was 0.6 on a Draize scale of 0 - 110 for conjunctival redness only at the 1-
- 2-hour evaluation period. Mean scores were 0 for corneal and iridal responses at 1 - 2 hours
and for all indices on days 1, 2, 3 and 7.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was not irritating to rabbit eyes in this study.
Skin Irritation
(1)	Rabbits (4/sex; species unspecified) were administered undiluted neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-
epoxypropyl ester (0.5 mL) to the shaved intact dorsal skin under occlusive conditions for 24
hours and observed for 7 days after patch removal. Mean scores for erythema and edema at 24
hours were 2.1 and 1.0, respectively. Mean scores for erythema and edema at 72 hours were 1.8
and 1.1, respectively. Mean scores at 48 hours were not reported.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was moderately irritating to rabbit skin in this
study.
(2)	Rabbits (4/sex; species unspecified) were administered undiluted neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-
epoxypropyl ester (0.5 mL) to the shaved and abraded skin under occlusive conditions for 24
hours and observed for 7 days after patch removal. Mean irritation scores for erythema and
edema at 24 hours were 2.1 and 0.6, respectively. Erythema and edema scores at 72 hours were
1.6 and 0.9, respectively. Mean scores at 48 hours were not reported.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was moderately irritating to rabbit skin in this
study.
Sensitization
(1) In a maximization test, guinea pigs (10/sex/treatment group; 5/sex/control group; strain
unspecified) were administered either 0.1 mL Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), neodecanoic
acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester in corn oil (0.5% concentration) or 0.1 mL of neodecanoic acid, 2,
3-epoxypropyl ester (0.5% concentration) in 50:50 FCA/corn oil through two rows of three intra-
dermal injections to the shaved dorsal skin. One week later, the same area was clipped and filter
paper soaked in 0.5% neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was placed on the injection sites
under occluded conditions for 48 hours. Two weeks after the topical induction, challenge doses
were administered to induced and control animals (filter paper soaked with neodecanoic acid, 2,
3-epoxypropyl ester under occlusive conditions for 24 hours). The affected areas were visually
examined 24 and 48 hours after patch removal. A four-point scoring system was used (-, trace, +
and ++). All males and all but one female showed positive sensitization effects immediately
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after removal of the challenge patch and at 24 and 48 hours with scores + and ++. One female
was negative at all three time-points.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was a severe skin sensitizer in guinea pigs in this
study.
(2) In a maximization test, female guinea pigs (20/group; strain unspecified) were used for the
treated and irritation controls. The first induction was through two rows of three intra-dermal
injections to the shaved mid-dorsal skin using 0.1 mL of FCA in water for test and controls, 5%
test substance in Drakeol 19 (vehicle only for controls) and 0.1 mL of 5% test substance in
FCA/water (5% Drakeol in FCA/water for controls). One week later, the same area was clipped
and 0.5mL of undiluted neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was placed on the injections
sites under occluded conditions for 48 hours. The challenge was carried out 21 days after the
initial intra-dermal induction. Topical application of the test substance was made to the shaved
flank of both test and control animals using 0.5 mL of 5% test substance or vehicle for controls,
under occluded conditions for 24 hours. Observations were made 24 hours after both inductions
and up to 48 hours after removal of the challenge pad. Scoring was conducted using the Draize
scale of 0 - 4. Treated animals showed erythema ranging from very slight to severe (1 - 4) along
with edema ranging from very slight to slight (scores 1 - 2) at 24 and 48 hours post-challenge.
The overall response rates at 24 hours were 85% for erythema and 40% for edema. The overall
response rates at 48 hours were 75% for erythema and 20% for edema. The results in vehicle
control treated animals were limited to very slight erythema in two animals at 24 hours.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester was a severe skin sensitizer in guinea pigs in this
study.
Conclusions: The acute oral and dermal toxicity of neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester in
rats is low and the acute inhalation toxicity is moderate. In a 5-week dietary repeated-dose
toxicity study in rats, increases in kidney and liver weights with histopathological changes in the
kidney were observed in both sexes at > 478 mg/kg-bw/day. The NOAEL for systemic toxicity
is 96 mg/kg-bw/day. No specific reproductive or developmental toxicity studies are available.
Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester induced gene mutations in bacteria in vitro, but did not
induce DNA damage in rat liver in vivo. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester did induce
chromosomal aberrations in rat liver cells in vitro. Neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester is
irritating to rabbit skin, a dermal sensitizer in guinea pigs and is not irritating to the rabbit eye.
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Table 3. Summary Table of the Screening Information Data Set
as Submitted under the U.S. HPV Challenge Program -
Human Health Data
Endpoint
Neodecanoic Acid, 2, 3-Epoxypropyl Ester
(26761-45-5)
Acute Oral Toxicity
LDso (mg/kg)
>10,000
Acute Dermal Toxicity
LD50 (mg/kg)
>4000
Acute Inhalation Toxicity
LC50 (mg/L)
>240 (mg/m3)
Repeated-Dose Toxicity
NOAEL/LOAEL
Oral (mg/kg-bw/day)
NOAEL = 96
LOAEL = 478
Reproductive Toxicity
NOAEL/LOAEL
Oral (mg/kg-bw/day)
No Adequate Data
Developmental Toxicity
NOAEL/LOAEL
Oral (mg/kg-bw/day)
No Data
Genetic Toxicity - Gene Mutation
In vitro
Positive
Genetic Toxicity - Chromosomal
Aberrations
In vitro
Positive
Genetic Toxicity - Other
In vivo DNA Integrity Assay
Negative
Additional Information
Eye Irritation
Skin Irritation
Skin Sensitization
Negative
Positive
Severely Sensitizing
Measured data in bold
4. Hazard to the Environment
A summary of aquatic toxicity data submitted for SIDS endpoints is provided in Table 4.
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Acute Toxicity to Fish
(1)	Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to neodecanoic acid, 2,3-epoxypropyl
ester at nominal concentrations of 0, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10, 20 or 50 mg/L under semi-static conditions
for 96 hours. Mortality was 100 % at 20 and 50 mg/L after 24 hours of treatment. At a
concentration of 10 mg/L, mortality was 60 % after 24 hours of treatment. Mortality reached 50
% at 5.0 mg/L at the completion of the exposure period. No mortalities were observed at the two
lowest dose levels. The temperature of the treatment conditions during the test was 15 ± 2 °C,
the pH ranged from 7.5-8.1 and the dissolved oxygen ranged from 10.2 - 10.6 mg/L.
http ://echa. europa. eu
96-h LCso = 5 mg/L
(2)	Rainbow trout (1Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to neodecanoic acid, 2,3-epoxypropyl
ester at nominal concentrations of 0, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 or 1000 mg/L under static conditions
for 96 hours. Mean, measured concentrations were 0, 1.32, 5.56, 8.72, 13.6 or 18.9 mg/L.
Organic carbon measurements of samples were taken from exposure solutions at test initiation
and termination and were based on the average of the two analyses. Mortality was observed at
the 5.56 mg/L dose group and above beginning 24 hours after treatment initiation. The
temperature of the treatment conditions during the test was 11.0 - 12.5 °C, the pH ranged from
6.8 - 7.8 and the dissolved oxygen ranged from 8.1 - 10.6 mg/L. http://echa.europa.eu/
96-h LCso = 9.61 mg/L
Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Invertebrates
Water fleas {Daphnia magna) were exposed to neodecanoic acid, 2,3-epoxypropyl ester at
nominal concentrations of 0, 2.0, 4.3, 9.3, 20, 43, 93 or 200 mg/L (in acetone) under static
conditions for 48 hours. Triplicate test systems were used for each treatment level and control.
Ten organisms were added per replicate. All daphnia were immobilized at concentrations of >
20 mg/L by 24 hours. Two daphnia in the 2.0 mg/mL concentration group and nine daphnia in
the 4.3 mg/mL concentration group were immobilized within 48 hours of exposure. Eleven and
29 daphnia exposed to 9.3 mg/mL became immobilized within 24 and 48 hours, respectively.
Undissolved neodecanoic acid, 2,3-epoxypropyl ester was noted in some of the test vessels,
http ://echa. europa. eu/
48-h ECso = 4.8 mg/L
Toxicity to Aquatic Plants
Green algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) were exposed to neodecanoic acid, 2,3-
epoxypropyl ester in acetone at nominal concentrations of 0, 1.0, 1.9, 3.5 6.6, 12, 23, 43, 81, 150,
280, 530 or 1000 mg/mL for 96 hours. The temperature of the treatment conditions was 24 ± 2
°C. Further details on the test conditions were not supplied. One replicate per treatment level
and six control flasks were used in this study. Mean algal cell number reached 50% of the
untreated control value by day 4 at a concentration of 3.5 mg/L. At test substance concentrations
of 23 mg/L and higher the mean cell number approached zero. Globules of undissolved test
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Hazard Characterization Document
September, 2014
substance were present on the surface of the water in all test flasks indicating that the substance
was not wholly soluble at the concentrations tested, http:// echa.europa.eu
96-h ECso = 3.5 mg/L (biomass)
Conclusions: For neodecanoic acid, 2, 3-epoxypropyl ester, the 96-h LC50 for fish is 5.0 mg/L,
the 48-h EC50 for aquatic invertebrates is 4.8 mg/L and the 96-h EC50 for aquatic plants is 3.5
mg/L for biomass.
Table 4. Summary Table of the Screening Information Data Set as Submitted under
the U.S. HPV Challenge Program - Aquatic Toxicity Data
Endpoint
Neodecanoic Acid, 2,3-Epoxypropyl Ester
(26761-45-5)
Fish
96-h LCso (mg/L)
5.0
Aquatic Invertebrates
48-h ECso (mg/L)
4.8
Aquatic Plants
72-h ECso (mg/L)
(biomass)
3.5
(Bold) = measured data (i.e., derived from testing);
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