Environmental Radiation Data report 151 July-September 2012 United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Radiation and Indoor Air ------- This page intentionally left blank 11 ------- Contents Page List of Tables v Preface vii Acknowledgments ix Data Reporting Conventions xi 1. Air Program 1 Airborne Particulates and Precipitation 1 Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates 17 2. Water Program 23 3. Milk Program 39 Pasteurized Milk 39 in ------- This page intentionally left blank iv ------- List of Tables Table Page 1 Reporting Units and Minimum Detectable Concentrations xiii 2 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: July 2012 2 3 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: August 2012 6 4 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: September 2012 10 5 Specific Gamma in Precipitation: July 2012 14 6 Specific Gamma in Precipitation: August 2012 15 7 Specific Gamma in Precipitation: September 2012 16 8 Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates: January-December 2011 Composites 18 9 Tritium in Drinking Water: July-September 2012 24 10 Plutonium and Uranium Analyses of Selected Drinking Water Composite Samples: January-December 2011 26 11 Alpha, Beta, and Sr-90 Concentrations in Drinking Water: January-December 2011 Composites 27 12 Radium-226, -228 and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides in Drinking Water: January-December 2011 Composites 29 13 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk: July-September 2012 40 14 Strontium-90 in Pasteurized Milk: July-September 2012 41 v ------- This page intentionally left blank vi ------- Preface Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) contains data from the RadNet monitoring system (formerly ERAMS), which is operated by the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air's National Analytical Radiation Environmental Laboratory (NAREL) in Montgomery, Alabama. ERD is published in both hard-copy and electronic formats. Electronic reports are available online at http://www.epa.gov/narel. RadNet data are also available online in a searchable database at: http://www.epa.gov/enviro/facts/radnet The United States Environmental Protection Agency established RadNet in 1973 with an emphasis on identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in the environ- ment. RadNet is comprised of a nationwide network of sampling stations that provide air particulate, precipitation, drinking water, and milk samples. Sampling locations are selected to provide population and geographic coverage for the United States. The radiation analyses performed on RadNet samples may include gross alpha and gross beta analysis, gamma analyses, and radionuclide-specific analyses for isotopes of uranium, plutonium, strontium, iodine, radium, and tritium. This monitoring effort also provides informa- tion on natural background levels and possible accidental releases into the environment. vii ------- This page intentionally left blank viii ------- Acknowledgments All sampling for the RadNet monitoring system (formerly ERAMS) is performed by volunteer collectors who are frequently members of health departments or related environmental agencies of their respective states. The National Analytical Radiation Environmental Laboratory (NAREL), on behalf of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, would like to acknowledge the time and effort of these volunteer collectors, who are so essential to the successful operation of RadNet. The efforts of the sample collectors are especially appreciated during times of emergency operation when sampling frequencies are increased and schedules are sometimes demanding. IX ------- This page intentionally left blank x ------- Data Reporting Conventions Every laboratory measurement involves uncertainty. When there is little or no radioactivity in a sample, one consequence of measurement uncertainty is the possibility of obtaining a measured value that is less than zero. Such a negative result occurs when random effects in the measure- ment process cause the measured value for the sample to be less than that of the blank or back- ground, which is subtracted from it. From April 1991 to December 1995, negative results were reported as "not detected" or "ND," and gamma analysis results that were less than their estimated measurement uncertainties were also reported as "ND." In January 1996, both of these practices were discontinued. Although negative activities are physically impossible, the inclusion of negative results in the report allows better statistical analysis of the data. Results of gamma analyses are still reported as "ND" when gamma-emitting radionuclides are not detected. Measurement Uncertainty Each measured value y is reported with an expanded uncertainty U=k uc(y), which is determined from the combined standard uncertainty uc(y) and the coverage factor k = 2. The interval from y- Utoy+ Uis estimated to have a level of confidence of approximately 95 %. Significant Figures Expanded uncertainties are reported to two significant figures. Measurement results are rounded to the corresponding number of decimal places. Detection Capability The minimum detectable concentrations (MDCs) for each radionuclide are shown in Table 1. The MDC is defined as the minimum concentration that gives a 95 % probability of detection when the detection criteria are chosen to give only a 5 % probability of false detection in a sample that is analyte-free. XI ------- This page intentionally left blank Xll ------- Table 1 Reporting Units and Minimum Detectable Concentrations for Radionuclide Analyses Radionuclide Media Reporting Unit IMinimum Detectable Concentration Gross Alpha Water pCi/L 2 Gross Beta Air pCi/m3 0.0015 Water pCi/L 2 Precipitation pCi/L 2 Tritium Water pCi/L 150 * Plutonium-23 8,23 9/240 Air aCi/m3 0.75 Water pCi/L 0.1 f Uranium-234,235,238 Air aCi/m3 0.75 Water pCi/L 0.1 Radium-226 Water pCi/L 0.02 Strontium-90 Milk pCi/L 2 Water pCi/L 1 t Iodine-131 Milk (gamma) pCi/L 4 Water (gamma) pCi/L 4 Water pCi/L 0.3 Cesium-137 Milk pCi/L 5 Water pCi/L 5 { Barium-140 Milk pCi/L 15 Water pCi/L 15 Potassium Milk g/L 0.06 Water g/L 0.06 Potassium-40 Water pCi/L 50 * The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 120,000 m3. Measurement by alpha spectrometry includes combined activities of 239Pu and 240Pu, since the relative contributions of these two isotopes cannot be determined. ¦f The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 120,000 m3. } Activity as of the day of counting. Xlll ------- This page intentionally left blank xiv ------- 1. Air Program Airborne Particulates and Precipitation Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific analyses are performed on air partic- ulates and precipitation samples as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national) impact of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation. Continuous air samplers collect airborne particulates at field stations representing wide geographic coverage throughout the United States. Filters (10 cm diameter synthetic fiber) from air samplers are changed routinely, and generally field measurements are made with a dual-phosphor scintillation counter at least 5 hours after 222 collection to allow Rn progeny to decay. Field estimates are reported to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending on the activity levels found; however, as of the first quarter of 2012, NAREL no longer reports field estimates in Environmental Radiation Data. The filters are sent to NAREL for more sensitive analysis in a gas proportional counter. Gamma scans are performed on all filters showing gross beta activity greater than 1 pCi/m3. All stations routinely submit precipitation samples as rainfall, snow, or sleet occurs. The precip- itation samples are composited at NAREL into single monthly samples for each station. Each month that precipitation occurs, an aliquant of the composited sample is analyzed for gamma- emitting radionuclides. NAREL discontinued gross beta analysis of precipitation in January 2010 and discontinued tritium analysis of precipitation in January 2012. 1 ------- Table 2 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates July 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) AK: Anchorage 8 0.002 0.000 0.001 AK: Fairbanks 9 0.003 0.001 0.002 AK: Juneau 8 0.002 0.000 0.001 AL: Birmingham 9 0.020 0.004 0.010 AL: Montgomery/408 9 0.020 0.007 0.012 AR: Fort Smith 4 0.017 0.009 0.011 AR: Little Rock 9 0.019 0.005 0.010 AZ: Phoenix 9 0.014 0.009 0.011 AZ: Phoenix/956 9 0.011 0.006 0.008 AZ: Tucson 8 0.012 0.007 0.009 CA: Anaheim 9 0.009 0.003 0.006 CA: Bakersfield 8 0.015 0.004 0.009 CA: Eureka 4 0.003 0.001 0.002 CA: Fresno 4 0.009 0.004 0.006 CA: Los Angeles 5 0.008 0.004 0.006 CA: Richmond 5 0.003 0.002 0.002 CA: Riverside 7 0.007 0.004 0.006 CA: Sacramento 8 0.007 0.002 0.003 CA: San Bernardino Cty. 6 0.013 0.006 0.008 CA: San Diego 2 0.006 0.004 0.005 CA: San Francisco 9 0.003 0.001 0.001 CA: San Jose 7 0.006 0.002 0.003 CO: Denver 9 0.013 0.006 0.008 CO: Grand Junction 5 0.011 0.006 0.009 CT: Hartford 9 0.009 0.002 0.006 DC: Washington 9 0.011 0.006 0.009 DE: Dover 6 0.011 0.006 0.008 FL: Jacksonville 8 0.009 0.002 0.006 FL: Miami 3 0.011 0.005 0.007 FL: Orlando 9 0.009 0.003 0.006 FL: Tallahassee 5 0.014 0.005 0.008 FL: Tampa 9 0.011 0.003 0.007 GA: Atlanta 4 0.014 0.005 0.008 GA: Augusta 6 0.023 0.004 0.010 HI: Hilo 9 0.003 0.002 0.002 HI: Honolulu 9 0.003 0.001 0.002 IA: Des Moines 4 0.013 0.006 0.010 IA: Mason City 5 0.012 0.007 0.010 2 ------- Table 2 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates July 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) ID: Idaho Falls 6 0.012 0.008 0.010 IL: Aurora 7 0.016 0.007 0.011 IL: Chicago 8 0.015 0.005 0.010 IN: Fort Wayne 3 0.014 0.011 0.013 IN: Indianapolis 9 0.016 0.005 0.010 KS: Kansas City 6 0.012 0.006 0.010 KS: Topeka 9 0.016 0.007 0.011 KS: Wichita 8 0.013 0.009 0.011 KY: Lexington 6 0.025 0.008 0.016 KY: Louisville 4 0.014 0.005 0.010 LA: Baton Rouge 8 0.009 0.002 0.005 LA: Shreveport 8 0.011 0.004 0.007 MA: Boston 9 0.009 0.002 0.006 MA: Worcester 9 0.015 0.004 0.009 MD: Baltimore 8 0.014 0.007 0.010 ME: Orono 4 0.010 0.004 0.007 ME: Portland 9 0.011 0.004 0.006 MI: Bay City 48708 9 0.009 0.005 0.006 MI: Detroit 8 0.011 0.005 0.008 MI: Grand Rapids 4 0.015 0.010 0.013 MI: Lansing 9 0.029 0.013 0.021 MN: Duluth 9 0.016 0.004 0.008 MN: St. Paul 5 0.010 0.007 0.008 MO: Jefferson City 9 0.016 0.008 0.012 MO: Springfield 6 0.017 0.009 0.013 MO: St. Louis 1 0.007 0.007 0.007 MS: Jackson/Deq 2 0.018 0.014 0.016 MT: Billings 3 0.016 0.010 0.013 NC: Charlotte 8 0.014 0.005 0.009 NC: Raleigh 4 0.009 0.004 0.007 NC: Wilmington 2 0.011 0.009 0.010 ND: Bismarck 6 0.012 0.007 0.010 NE: Kearney 9 0.018 0.008 0.011 NE: Lincoln 9 0.017 0.007 0.012 NE: Omaha 5 0.023 0.012 0.017 NH: Concord 7 0.011 0.004 0.007 NJ: Edison 7 0.007 0.003 0.006 NM: Albuquerque 3 0.008 0.006 0.007 3 ------- Table 2 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates July 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) NM: Carlsbad 6 0.019 0.011 0.014 NM: Navajo Lake St Park 4 0.011 0.008 0.010 NV: Las Vegas/913 6 0.010 0.006 0.008 NV: Reno 9 0.017 0.007 0.010 NY: Albany 4 0.016 0.009 0.011 NY: Lockport 9 0.009 0.005 0.007 NY: New York City 4 0.011 0.006 0.009 NY: Rochester 7 0.010 0.006 0.007 NY: Syracuse 4 0.010 0.007 0.008 NY: Yaphank 6 0.007 0.004 0.006 OH: Cincinnati 7 0.016 0.006 0.010 OH: Cleveland 5 0.016 0.012 0.013 OH: Painesville 7 0.011 0.007 0.009 OH: Toledo 8 0.016 0.009 0.012 OK: Oklahoma City 8 0.027 0.008 0.015 OK: Tulsa 8 0.016 0.008 0.011 OR: Corvallis 9 0.005 0.002 0.003 OR: Portland 8 0.003 0.001 0.002 PA: Philadelphia 1 0.005 0.005 0.005 PA: Pittsburgh 6 0.013 0.007 0.009 PR: San Juan 9 0.027 0.006 0.011 RI: Providence 3 0.006 0.005 0.006 SC: Columbia 6 0.016 0.006 0.011 SD: Pierre 9 0.015 0.008 0.011 SD: Rapid City 6 0.015 0.010 0.013 TN: Knoxville 7 0.023 0.007 0.016 TN: Memphis 5 0.020 0.005 0.011 TN: Nashville 1 0.007 0.007 0.007 TN: Oak Ridge/Bethel 9 0.017 0.007 0.010 TN: Oak Ridge/K25 9 0.019 0.006 0.011 TN: Oak Ridge/Melton 9 0.020 0.007 0.012 TN: Oak Ridgc/Y12 E 9 0.016 0.006 0.011 TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 W 9 0.017 0.005 0.009 TX: Austin 3 0.012 0.008 0.009 TX: Dallas 9 0.017 0.005 0.010 TX: El Paso 5 0.017 0.013 0.015 TX: Ft. Worth 9 0.018 0.006 0.009 TX: Harlingen 5 0.012 0.007 0.009 4 ------- Table 2 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates July 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) TX: Houston 9 0.019 0.005 0.011 TX: Laredo 1 0.008 0.008 0.008 TX: Lubbock 6 0.013 0.007 0.010 TX: San Angelo 8 0.011 0.007 0.009 TX: San Antonio 9 0.011 0.006 0.008 UT: Salt Lake City 8 0.014 0.010 0.012 VA: Harrisonburg 5 0.015 0.006 0.010 VA: Lynchburg 6 0.015 0.008 0.011 VA: Richmond 8 0.016 0.005 0.011 VA: Virginia Beach 8 0.012 0.004 0.008 VT: Burlington 4 0.007 0.005 0.006 WA: Olympia 9 0.004 0.001 0.002 WA: Richland 8 0.009 0.004 0.006 WA: Seattle 4 0.003 0.001 0.002 WA: Spokane 9 0.012 0.003 0.007 WI: Madison 1 0.017 0.017 0.017 WI: Milwaukee 8 0.012 0.005 0.007 WV: Charleston 6 0.019 0.008 0.012 5 ------- Table 3 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates August 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) AK: Anchorage 9 0.002 0.000 0.001 AK: Fairbanks 9 0.004 0.001 0.002 AK: Juneau 6 0.002 0.000 0.001 AL: Birmingham 7 0.020 0.007 0.011 AL: Montgomery/408 9 0.020 0.006 0.012 AR: Fort Smith 2 0.014 0.011 0.012 AR: Little Rock 7 0.017 0.011 0.013 AZ: Phoenix 9 0.016 0.007 0.012 AZ: Phoenix/956 9 0.015 0.005 0.009 AZ: Tucson 9 0.013 0.007 0.010 AZ: Yuma 2 0.016 0.005 0.010 CA: Anaheim 7 0.010 0.005 0.007 CA: Bakersfield 6 0.017 0.007 0.012 CA: Eureka 5 0.002 0.001 0.002 CA: Fresno 4 0.008 0.005 0.007 CA: Los Angeles 4 0.008 0.006 0.008 CA: Richmond 4 0.005 0.002 0.003 CA: Riverside 9 0.008 0.007 0.008 CA: Sacramento 9 0.007 0.002 0.004 CA: San Bernardino Cty. 10 0.013 0.009 0.011 CA: San Diego 5 0.007 0.004 0.006 CA: San Francisco 9 0.004 0.001 0.002 CA: San Jose 9 0.007 0.002 0.004 CO: Colorado Springs 3 0.016 0.010 0.013 CO: Denver 9 0.019 0.006 0.013 CO: Grand Junction 6 0.021 0.006 0.012 CT: Hartford 8 0.010 0.004 0.007 DC: Washington 9 0.012 0.006 0.010 DE: Dover 4 0.009 0.006 0.008 FL: Jacksonville 8 0.009 0.003 0.005 FL: Miami 2 0.005 0.005 0.005 FL: Orlando 8 0.008 0.003 0.005 FL: Tallahassee 3 0.008 0.007 0.007 FL: Tampa 7 0.010 0.003 0.006 GA: Atlanta 4 0.013 0.006 0.010 GA: Augusta 3 0.011 0.004 0.007 HI: Hilo 9 0.005 0.001 0.003 HI: Honolulu 9 0.004 0.002 0.002 6 ------- Table 3 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates August 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) IA: Des Moines 6 0.019 0.007 0.012 IA: Mason City 5 0.014 0.003 0.007 IL: Aurora 9 0.017 0.006 0.010 IL: Champaign 1 0.018 0.018 0.018 IL: Chicago 9 0.012 0.005 0.008 IN: Fort Wayne 4 0.022 0.009 0.014 IN: Indianapolis 9 0.018 0.006 0.010 KS: Kansas City 8 0.015 0.008 0.010 KS: Topeka 8 0.018 0.008 0.012 KS: Wichita 8 0.019 0.009 0.012 KY: Lexington 7 0.023 0.006 0.014 KY: Louisville 7 0.018 0.007 0.011 LA: Baton Rouge 7 0.009 0.003 0.006 LA: Shreveport 9 0.012 0.006 0.009 MA: Boston 9 0.010 0.006 0.007 MA: Worcester 9 0.015 0.005 0.009 MD: Baltimore 8 0.015 0.010 0.013 ME: Orono 5 0.008 0.006 0.007 ME: Portland 9 0.010 0.004 0.006 MI: Bay City 48708 7 0.016 0.004 0.007 MI: Detroit 7 0.016 0.006 0.008 MI: Grand Rapids 5 0.014 0.006 0.009 MI: Lansing 9 0.046 0.010 0.020 MN: Duluth 4 0.012 0.005 0.007 MN: St. Paul 2 0.015 0.005 0.010 MO: Jefferson City 9 0.022 0.008 0.013 MO: Springfield 6 0.016 0.011 0.014 MO: St. Louis 2 0.013 0.009 0.011 MT: Billings 3 0.015 0.011 0.014 NC: Charlotte 9 0.013 0.004 0.009 NC: Raleigh 5 0.010 0.006 0.007 NC: Wilmington 5 0.010 0.006 0.008 ND: Bismarck 8 0.014 0.007 0.009 NE: Kearney 9 0.014 0.006 0.009 NE: Lincoln 8 0.019 0.008 0.013 NE: Omaha 4 0.014 0.007 0.010 NH: Concord 5 0.008 0.002 0.006 NJ: Edison 7 0.010 0.004 0.007 7 ------- Table 3 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates August 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) NM: Albuquerque 5 0.010 0.005 0.008 NM: Carlsbad 7 0.021 0.011 0.016 NM: Navajo Lake St Park 4 0.020 0.008 0.013 NV: Las Vegas/913 6 0.013 0.005 0.009 NV: Reno 9 0.018 0.009 0.014 NY: Albany 1 0.012 0.012 0.012 NY: Lockport 9 0.012 0.003 0.007 NY: New York City 5 0.008 0.006 0.007 NY: Rochester 7 0.013 0.004 0.008 NY: Syracuse 4 0.010 0.006 0.008 NY: Yaphank 8 0.007 0.004 0.006 OH: Cincinnati 8 0.017 0.004 0.010 OH: Cleveland 7 0.018 0.005 0.010 OH: Painesville 6 0.012 0.006 0.009 OH: Toledo 8 0.013 0.004 0.008 OK: Oklahoma City 8 0.017 0.010 0.013 OK: Tulsa 6 0.020 0.008 0.013 OR: Corvallis 8 0.004 0.002 0.003 OR: Portland 9 0.004 0.002 0.003 PA: Philadelphia 5 0.008 0.006 0.007 PA: Pittsburgh 5 0.015 0.009 0.011 PR: San Juan 5 0.025 0.006 0.012 RI: Providence 2 0.008 0.007 0.007 SC: Barnwell 1 0.008 0.008 0.008 SC: Columbia 7 0.014 0.003 0.009 SD: Pierre 9 0.019 0.005 0.009 SD: Rapid City 7 0.022 0.010 0.014 TN: Knoxville 5 0.028 0.010 0.019 TN: Memphis 3 0.015 0.009 0.012 TN: Nashville 9 0.019 0.008 0.012 TN: Oak Ridge/Bethel 9 0.024 0.010 0.015 TN: Oak Ridge/K25 9 0.022 0.010 0.014 TN: Oak Ridge/Melton 9 0.023 0.012 0.015 TN: Oak Ridgc/Y12 E 9 0.023 0.009 0.015 TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 W 9 0.021 0.007 0.013 TX: Austin 4 0.015 0.010 0.013 TX: Dallas 7 0.014 0.010 0.012 TX: El Paso 8 0.027 0.012 0.018 8 ------- Table 3 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates August 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) TX: Ft. Worth 9 0.012 0.006 0.010 TX: Harlingen 4 0.009 0.002 0.007 TX: Houston 9 0.015 0.010 0.013 TX: Laredo 5 0.009 0.006 0.007 TX: Lubbock 4 0.013 0.009 0.011 TX: San Angelo 8 0.015 0.007 0.010 TX: San Antonio 8 0.012 0.007 0.009 UT: Salt Lake City 8 0.019 0.008 0.015 VA: Harrisonburg 8 0.021 0.007 0.014 VA: Lynchburg 9 0.014 0.009 0.012 VA: Richmond 9 0.013 0.007 0.011 VA: Virginia Beach 9 0.012 0.005 0.008 VT: Burlington 8 0.010 0.003 0.007 WA: Olympia 9 0.004 0.002 0.003 WA: Richland 7 0.008 0.005 0.006 WA: Seattle 5 0.003 0.001 0.002 WA: Spokane 9 0.009 0.004 0.007 WI: Madison 6 0.018 0.005 0.010 WI: Milwaukee 9 0.013 0.004 0.007 WI: Shawano 1 0.010 0.010 0.010 WV: Charleston 6 0.019 0.011 0.015 9 ------- Table 4 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates September 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) AK: Anchorage 7 0.002 0.001 0.001 AK: Fairbanks 8 0.004 0.002 0.002 AK: Juneau 5 0.002 0.000 0.001 AL: Birmingham 8 0.012 0.006 0.009 AL: Montgomery/408 8 0.018 0.007 0.011 AR: Fort Smith 4 0.012 0.010 0.011 AR: Little Rock 8 0.021 0.007 0.010 AZ: Phoenix 7 0.022 0.011 0.017 AZ: Phoenix/956 6 0.019 0.006 0.012 AZ: Tucson 8 0.018 0.007 0.013 CA: Anaheim 8 0.016 0.007 0.012 CA: Bakersfield 5 0.020 0.012 0.016 CA: Eureka 3 0.006 0.002 0.003 CA: Fresno 5 0.015 0.008 0.010 CA: Los Angeles 4 0.015 0.007 0.012 CA: Richmond 4 0.010 0.004 0.007 CA: Riverside 8 0.012 0.006 0.009 CA: Sacramento 8 0.011 0.007 0.008 CA: San Bernardino Cty. 8 0.015 0.008 0.013 CA: San Diego 2 0.007 0.007 0.007 CA: San Francisco 8 0.005 0.003 0.004 CA: San Jose 8 0.009 0.005 0.007 CO: Colorado Springs 3 0.018 0.015 0.017 CO: Denver 8 0.022 0.010 0.015 CO: Grand Junction 5 0.020 0.010 0.017 CT: Hartford 8 0.007 0.003 0.005 DC: Washington 8 0.012 0.004 0.008 DE: Dover 4 0.008 0.004 0.005 FL: Jacksonville 8 0.008 0.003 0.006 FL: Miami 1 0.003 0.003 0.003 FL: Orlando 4 0.007 0.003 0.005 FL: Tallahassee 4 0.008 0.006 0.007 FL: Tampa 1 0.006 0.006 0.006 GA: Atlanta 4 0.011 0.006 0.008 GA: Augusta 5 0.015 0.008 0.011 HI: Hilo 8 0.003 0.001 0.002 HI: Honolulu 8 0.003 0.001 0.002 IA: Des Moines 6 0.013 0.006 0.009 10 ------- Table 4 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates September 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) IA: Mason City 5 0.007 0.004 0.005 IL: Aurora 7 0.013 0.006 0.009 IL: Champaign 2 0.010 0.006 0.008 IL: Chicago 7 0.009 0.005 0.007 IN: Fort Wayne 4 0.012 0.008 0.010 IN: Indianapolis 7 0.015 0.006 0.010 KS: Kansas City 5 0.008 0.005 0.007 KS: Topeka 8 0.016 0.003 0.010 KS: Wichita 7 0.010 0.006 0.009 KY: Lexington 7 0.013 0.005 0.009 KY: Louisville 5 0.013 0.007 0.009 LA: Baton Rouge 1 0.014 0.014 0.014 LA: Shreveport 8 0.014 0.005 0.008 MA: Boston 8 0.006 0.003 0.005 MA: Worcester 8 0.008 0.004 0.006 MD: Baltimore 8 0.014 0.007 0.010 ME: Orono 2 0.004 0.003 0.004 ME: Portland 8 0.006 0.003 0.005 MI: Bay City 48708 8 0.011 0.003 0.006 MI: Detroit 7 0.011 0.005 0.008 MI: Grand Rapids 4 0.013 0.005 0.008 MI: Lansing 8 0.024 0.010 0.018 MN: Duluth 4 0.004 0.002 0.003 MN: St. Paul 4 0.014 0.005 0.009 MO: Jefferson City 7 0.028 0.009 0.014 MO: Springfield 9 0.014 0.009 0.011 MO: St. Louis 4 0.010 0.007 0.008 MT: Billings 2 0.020 0.015 0.017 NC: Charlotte 8 0.010 0.005 0.008 NC: Raleigh 4 0.006 0.003 0.004 NC: Wilmington 4 0.009 0.005 0.008 ND: Bismarck 7 0.016 0.005 0.009 NE: Kearney 8 0.019 0.006 0.010 NE: Lincoln 8 0.014 0.008 0.010 NE: Omaha 4 0.017 0.008 0.011 NH: Concord 3 0.007 0.005 0.006 NJ: Edison 8 0.009 0.003 0.005 NM: Albuquerque 4 0.022 0.008 0.013 11 ------- Table 4 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates September 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) NM: Carlsbad 7 0.021 0.013 0.018 NM: Navajo Lake St Park 4 0.022 0.011 0.014 NV: Las Vegas/913 8 0.014 0.006 0.009 NV: Reno 7 0.025 0.015 0.019 NY: Albany 7 0.011 0.006 0.008 NY: Lockport 8 0.010 0.004 0.007 NY: New York City 4 0.010 0.005 0.007 NY: Rochester 5 0.010 0.005 0.008 NY: Syracuse 2 0.008 0.005 0.007 NY: Yaphank 7 0.007 0.002 0.005 OH: Cincinnati 7 0.015 0.006 0.008 OH: Cleveland 3 0.010 0.006 0.008 OH: Painesville 8 0.013 0.005 0.009 OH: Toledo 7 0.008 0.004 0.006 OK: Oklahoma City 7 0.017 0.010 0.012 OK: Tulsa 8 0.014 0.008 0.011 OR: Corvallis 8 0.007 0.003 0.005 OR: Portland 8 0.007 0.003 0.004 PA: Philadelphia 4 0.009 0.006 0.007 PA: Pittsburgh 3 0.011 0.008 0.009 PR: San Juan 4 0.009 0.003 0.006 RI: Providence 4 0.006 0.003 0.005 SC: Columbia 4 0.012 0.006 0.009 SD: Pierre 8 0.021 0.006 0.011 SD: Rapid City 4 0.018 0.013 0.015 TN: Knoxville 5 0.018 0.008 0.014 TN: Memphis 4 0.011 0.007 0.008 TN: Nashville 7 0.014 0.005 0.009 TN: Oak Ridge/Bethel 6 0.021 0.008 0.012 TN: Oak Ridge/K25 6 0.021 0.007 0.013 TN: Oak Ridge/Melton 6 0.020 0.007 0.013 TN: Oak Ridgc/Y12 E 6 0.021 0.007 0.012 TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 W 6 0.015 0.006 0.010 TX: Austin 4 0.019 0.009 0.013 TX: Dallas 9 0.022 0.007 0.011 TX: El Paso 6 0.029 0.020 0.024 TX: Ft. Worth 6 0.011 0.006 0.008 TX: Harlingen 7 0.009 0.006 0.007 12 ------- Table 4 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates September 2012 NAREL Lab Number Measurement of Max IMin Avg Location Samples (pCi/m3) TX: Houston 8 0.019 0.008 0.013 TX: Laredo 7 0.008 0.004 0.006 TX: Lubbock 8 0.017 0.008 0.011 TX: San Angelo 6 0.013 0.007 0.009 TX: San Antonio 8 0.013 0.006 0.009 UT: Salt Lake City 4 0.020 0.010 0.015 UT: St. George 2 0.022 0.014 0.018 VA: Harrisonburg 8 0.015 0.006 0.010 VA: Lynchburg 5 0.014 0.006 0.010 VA: Richmond 4 0.012 0.005 0.008 VA: Virginia Beach 6 0.009 0.005 0.007 VT: Burlington 8 0.007 0.003 0.005 WA: Olympia 7 0.008 0.002 0.004 WA: Richland 7 0.019 0.006 0.011 WA: Seattle 4 0.005 0.003 0.004 WA: Spokane 7 0.019 0.003 0.010 WI: Madison 8 0.014 0.004 0.008 WI: Milwaukee 7 0.009 0.003 0.006 WI: Shawano 8 0.012 0.004 0.007 WV: Charleston 5 0.015 0.010 0.011 13 ------- Table 5 Specific Gamma in Precipitation July 2012 Location Nuclide pCi/L ± 2m AL: Montgomery/408 Be-7 39 13 AZ: Phoenix ND CO: Denver Be-7 65 16 CT: Hartford Be-7 43 23 FL: Jacksonville Be-7 34 15 GA: Atlanta Be-7 44 19 KS: Kansas City ND MA: Boston Be-7 84 21 MI: Lansing Be-7 27 18 MN: St. Paul ND MN: Welch/510 ND NC: Charlotte Be-7 57 21 NC: Wilmington Be-7 28 17 NY: Albany Be-7 58 19 NY: Yap hank ND OH: Painesville Be-7 58 21 OR: Portland ND PA: Harrisburg Be-7 39 18 TN: Knoxville Be-7 15 13 TN: Nashville Be-7 35 17 TN: Oak Ridge/K25 Be-7 66 22 TN: Oak Ridge/Melton Be-7 52 14 TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 E Be-7 59 15 TX: Austin ND UT: Salt Lake City ND VA: Lynchburg K-40 15 11 WA: Olympia Be-7 70 19 14 ------- Table 6 Specific Gamma in Precipitation August 2012 Location Nuclide pCi/L ± 2m AL: Montgomery/408 Be-7 77 24 AR: Little Rock Be-7 94 26 AZ: Phoenix ND CO: Denver Be-7 104 44 CT: Hartford Be-7 49 21 FL: Jacksonville Be-7 53 20 GA: Atlanta Be-7 62 21 HI: Honolulu ND ID: Idaho Falls ND KS: Kansas City ND MA: Boston Be-7 76 23 MI: Lansing ND MN: St. Paul ND MN: Welch/510 ND NC: Charlotte Be-7 46 20 NC: Wilmington Be-7 45 18 NH: Concord Be-7 41 17 NY: Albany ND NY: Yap hank ND OH: Painesville ND PA: Harrisburg Be-7 41 19 TN: Knoxville ND TN: Nashville ND TN: Oak Ridge/K25 Be-7 61 24 TN: Oak Ridge/Melton Be-7 70 23 TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 E Be-7 66 20 TX: El Paso ND VA: Lynchburg K-40 16 12 15 ------- Table 7 Specific Gamma in Precipitation September 2012 Location Nuclide pCi/L ± 2m AL: Montgomery/408 Be-7 23 17 AR: Little Rock Be-7 19 17 CO: Denver Be-7 25 18 CT: Hartford ND FL: Jacksonville Be-7 40 17 GA: Atlanta Be-7 40 18 K-40 18 12 HI: Honolulu Be-7 36 18 ID: Idaho Falls ND KS: Kansas City ND MA: Boston Be-7 41 19 K-40 19 12 MI: Lansing Be-7 26 14 NC: Charlotte Be-7 28 11 NC: Wilmington K-40 12 12 NY: Albany K-40 13 11 NY: Yap hank ND OH: Painesville Be-7 39 17 K-40 14 12 PA: Harrisburg Be-7 18 15 TN: Knoxville ND TN: Nashville Be-7 23 17 TN: Oak Ridge/K25 Be-7 20 16 TN: Oak Ridge/Melton K-40 13 13 TN: Oak Ridgc/Y12 E Be-7 18 17 UT: Salt Lake City Be-7 18 18 K-40 17 12 VA: Lynchburg ND 16 ------- Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are determined by the analysis of annually composited samples (air filters) collected from the airborne particulate samplers. Plutonium and uranium results are published in the ERD for the third quarter of the following year. Concentrations of plutonium-238, combined plutonium-239 and 240, and uranium-234, 235, and 238 are determined by alpha-particle spectrometry following chemical separation. The volume of air represented by the annual composite typically ranges from 120,000 to 500,000 cubic meters. 17 ------- Table 8 Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates January-December 2011 Composites 238Pu 239-24°pu 234U 235U 238U Location aCi/m3 ±2m aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ± 2u AK: Anchorage 0.9 1.1 0.36 0.78 6.4 2.7 1.2 1.5 5.0 2.4 AK: Fairbanks -0.55 0.59 0.21 0.60 6.2 2.2 0.96 0.97 8.0 2.6 AK: Juneau -0.05 0.22 0.07 0.20 2.38 0.82 0.36 0.36 1.53 0.65 AL: Birmingham -0.3 1.2 -0.3 1.2 22.8 7.1 1.5 2.3 15.4 5.8 AL: Montgomery/408 -0.06 0.39 0.00 0.37 11.5 3.4 0.31 0.84 9.2 3.0 AR: Fort Smith -0.7 1.1 0.00 0.89 20.7 6.2 6.1 3.6 15.8 5.4 AR: Little Rock 0.5 1.9 -0.51 0.95 17.5 5.0 2.2 2.0 17.0 4.9 AZ: Phoenix 2.5 2.5 0.5 1.3 49 13 6.3 4.9 56 14 AZ: Phoenix/956 2.6 3.1 0.4 1.7 67 17 7.6 6.2 40 13 AZ: Tucson 0.6 3.3 -0.6 2.0 43 13 4.0 4.6 40 13 AZ: Yuma 1.2 1.8 0.00 0.94 49 13 3.4 3.4 39 11 CA: Anaheim -0.57 0.88 0.25 0.71 21.1 5.6 1.9 1.8 17.9 5.1 CA: Bakersfield -0.5 1.8 1.3 2.9 61 16 1.9 3.4 76 19 CA: Eureka 0.33 0.85 0.13 0.59 6.3 2.6 0.6 1.0 6.0 2.6 CA: Fresno 0.2 1.5 -0.2 1.1 30.4 8.6 3.6 3.4 33.7 9.2 CA: Los Angeles 0.2 1.2 0.25 0.72 14.9 4.6 1.0 1.4 13.2 4.3 CA: Richmond 0.31 0.90 0.31 0.90 5.3 2.5 2.0 1.8 6.6 2.8 CA: Riverside -1.0 1.6 -0.6 1.5 23.5 8.0 1.8 2.8 26.8 8.7 CA: Sacramento -0.11 0.74 0.00 0.70 13.2 4.9 1.8 2.0 11.1 4.4 CA: San Bernardino Cty. 0.9 1.9 -0.1 1.4 42 11 6.3 4.6 36 11 CA: San Diego 0.3 1.2 0.00 0.86 21.9 6.7 0.7 1.8 23.7 7.1 CA: San Francisco -0.1 1.0 -0.11 0.72 5.0 2.4 1.1 1.5 4.5 2.4 CA: San Jose -0.12 0.82 -0.12 0.82 9.0 3.8 0.8 1.4 8.4 3.6 CO: Colorado Springs 1.2 1.7 0.56 0.98 27.9 7.4 5.1 3.2 27.9 7.4 CO: Denver -0.15 0.89 0.52 0.93 25.7 6.6 5.5 3.1 20.6 5.8 CO: Grand Junction 0.00 0.87 0.18 0.83 34.6 8.4 1.5 1.9 35.4 8.5 CT: Hartford 0.00 0.80 0.51 0.90 7.7 3.2 2.7 2.1 8.0 3.3 DC: Washington -0.26 0.34 -0.13 0.31 7.9 2.5 0.67 0.84 6.0 2.1 DE: Dover 0.28 0.49 0.03 0.32 5.0 1.9 0.35 0.61 4.4 1.7 FL: Jacksonville -0.08 0.29 -0.04 0.28 9.1 2.6 1.01 0.91 8.4 2.5 FL: Miami -0.16 0.54 -0.05 0.36 10.3 3.1 1.2 1.2 7.8 2.6 FL: Orlando 0.04 0.38 0.83 0.72 8.3 2.3 0.24 0.52 7.8 2.2 FL: Tallahassee 0.15 0.67 0.23 0.66 9.7 3.0 1.2 1.2 9.3 2.9 FL: Tampa -0.29 0.54 0.07 0.66 42.2 8.4 2.5 1.8 35.8 7.5 GA: Atlanta 0.20 0.56 -0.05 0.34 13.3 3.5 1.3 1.2 16.7 4.1 GA: Augusta 0.15 0.67 0.00 0.71 14.9 4.2 1.7 1.6 10.6 3.4 HI: Hilo 0.13 0.59 0.13 0.59 2.4 1.4 0.36 0.78 1.9 1.3 HI: Honolulu 0.71 0.99 0.82 0.82 2.9 1.5 0.38 0.80 2.3 1.3 IA: Des Moines 0.43 0.92 0.00 0.80 16.7 6.2 3.7 3.3 21.2 7.1 IA: Mason City -0.47 0.63 0.23 0.68 14.6 5.4 0.8 1.7 14.6 5.4 Note: NA = No Analysis 18 ------- Table 8 (continued) Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates January-December 2011 Composites 238Pu 239-24°pu 234U 235U 238U Location aCi/m3 ±2m aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ± 2u ID: Idaho Falls -0.11 0.74 0.7 1.2 19.4 6.4 3.4 3.0 23.4 7.1 IL: Aurora 0.9 1.2 -0.10 0.64 18.8 5.7 0.4 1.2 18.6 5.7 IL: Chicago -0.9 1.9 0.6 1.6 18.8 6.5 4.9 3.7 16.8 6.1 IN: Fort Wayne -0.26 0.48 -0.13 0.44 15.7 4.3 1.6 1.5 14.2 4.1 IN: Indianapolis 0.2 1.1 0.6 1.3 10.2 4.0 0.5 1.5 13.0 4.6 KS: Kansas City 0.0 1.0 -0.2 1.1 17.3 6.0 2.4 2.9 18.1 6.1 KS: Topeka -0.24 0.82 0.16 0.73 14.2 5.5 1.6 2.2 16.0 6.0 KS: Wichita 0.7 1.3 0.0 1.1 24.8 7.9 1.8 2.4 31.9 9.1 KY: Lexington -0.30 0.71 0.00 0.62 8.7 3.3 1.1 1.4 11.9 3.9 KY: Louisville -0.18 0.86 0.44 0.95 10.5 3.5 2.9 2.0 10.5 3.5 LA: Baton Rouge -0.26 0.49 0.13 0.58 11.2 3.9 1.0 1.3 11.9 4.0 LA: Shreveport 0.3 1.0 0.00 0.59 11.4 4.0 3.7 2.4 8.1 3.3 MA: Boston 0.17 0.75 0.17 0.75 5.6 2.1 0.27 0.74 5.8 2.2 MA: Worcester -2.4 2.0 -0.2 1.4 32.3 9.4 3.0 3.5 24.5 8.0 MD: Baltimore 0.19 0.84 -0.09 0.62 7.0 3.0 0.6 1.2 7.7 3.2 ME: Orono -0.16 0.54 0.00 0.49 7.1 2.7 0.42 0.92 4.9 2.2 ME: Portland -0.2 1.7 -0.5 1.3 31.2 8.9 4.6 3.6 30.2 8.6 MI: Bay City 48708 0.15 0.56 0.15 0.44 8.0 3.4 0.4 1.3 7.3 3.3 MI: Detroit -0.19 0.46 0.06 0.58 11.9 3.6 1.7 1.5 10.6 3.4 MI: Grand Rapids -0.09 0.31 -0.04 0.30 5.3 1.9 0.22 0.61 5.0 1.9 MI: Lansing -0.3 1.0 -0.3 1.0 13.8 5.1 1.9 2.2 9.4 4.2 MN: Duluth -0.06 0.21 -0.03 0.20 2.86 0.93 0.27 0.34 3.3 1.0 MN: St. Paul -0.08 0.52 0.00 0.50 11.4 3.6 0.55 0.97 14.0 4.1 MN: Welch/510 -0.33 0.62 0.25 0.72 4.1 2.0 0.52 0.92 5.6 2.4 MO: Jefferson City 0.00 0.52 -0.17 0.40 6.6 2.5 2.3 1.6 10.4 3.2 MO: Springfield 0.06 0.54 0.29 0.63 10.7 3.7 1.4 1.5 9.4 3.4 MO: St. Louis -0.11 0.75 0.2 1.0 17.6 5.1 3.1 2.3 9.9 3.7 MS: Jackson/Deq 0.0 1.4 0.2 1.1 10.7 4.0 2.5 2.2 13.3 4.5 MT: Billings -0.4 1.7 0.1 1.2 32.1 9.1 5.3 3.9 33.8 9.5 NC: Charlotte 0.26 0.55 -0.05 0.34 10.6 3.2 1.9 1.5 9.6 3.0 NC: Raleigh 0.13 0.60 0.00 0.42 8.9 2.9 2.0 1.5 10.1 3.1 NC: Wilmington -0.10 0.24 0.07 0.29 8.6 2.4 1.4 1.1 5.5 1.9 ND: Bismarck 0.16 0.88 0.16 0.70 17.0 5.6 1.6 2.0 14.8 5.2 NE: Kearney 0.8 1.3 2.2 1.6 20.3 6.3 4.0 3.0 19.5 6.1 NE: Lincoln -0.48 0.74 0.19 0.85 22.3 7.2 -0.2 1.7 17.1 6.1 NE: Omaha -0.08 0.74 0.00 0.49 19.2 5.6 1.7 1.9 18.7 5.5 NH: Concord 0.23 0.64 0.00 0.37 7.4 2.4 0.94 0.94 7.4 2.4 NJ: Edison -0.26 0.64 0.26 0.77 5.2 2.4 1.1 1.3 7.2 2.8 NJ: Trenton -0.36 0.86 0.00 0.75 11.7 4.4 1.6 2.0 13.3 4.8 NM: Albuquerque -0.50 0.78 0.4 1.1 22.2 6.9 2.2 2.6 28.5 8.1 Note: NA = No Analysis 19 ------- Table 8 (continued) Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates January-December 2011 Composites 238Pu 239-24°pu 234U 235U 238U Location aCi/m3 ±2m aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ± 2u NM: Carlsbad 0.9 3.9 -0.4 2.9 45 16 5.8 6.6 41 15 NM: Navajo Lake St -0.08 0.55 0.00 0.53 10.0 3.5 1.2 1.5 15.8 4.6 Park -0.4 1.7 0.0 1.1 22.5 7.3 1.6 2.4 27.3 8.2 NM: Santa Fe 0.0 1.8 0.6 1.7 33.3 9.6 2.6 3.0 27.3 8.5 NV: Las Vegas/913 1.1 3.2 -0.2 1.5 27.2 8.4 3.5 3.7 28.4 8.6 NV: Reno -0.5 1.2 0.0 1.5 15.2 5.9 3.1 3.2 9.8 4.7 NY: Albany -0.09 0.58 0.00 0.55 8.6 3.2 2.4 1.9 5.8 2.6 NY: Hauppauge -0.41 0.77 0.00 0.65 5.7 2.6 0.7 1.2 7.0 2.8 NY: Lockport -0.20 0.70 0.00 0.64 10.6 4.1 1.1 1.6 9.4 3.8 NY: New York City -0.27 0.65 -0.27 0.65 9.1 3.5 4.3 2.7 7.0 3.1 NY: Rochester 0.12 0.70 -0.19 0.45 8.9 3.0 1.4 1.3 5.9 2.4 NY: Syracuse -0.07 0.49 -0.15 0.51 5.5 2.2 1.6 1.3 4.4 2.0 NY: Yaphank -0.10 0.67 0.30 0.89 10.4 3.6 0.9 1.3 7.0 2.9 OH: Cincinnati 0.49 0.96 0.18 0.53 9.1 3.4 -0.10 0.95 9.2 3.3 OH: Cleveland -0.12 0.77 0.00 0.73 15.0 5.1 2.0 2.2 13.1 4.8 OH: Columbus -0.28 0.33 0.00 0.37 11.5 3.1 1.2 1.0 8.1 2.5 OH: Painesville -0.53 0.63 -0.15 0.52 11.2 3.4 1.9 1.5 12.3 3.6 OH: Toledo -0.5 1.7 0.0 1.5 18.3 7.6 4.1 4.1 25.1 9.0 OK: Oklahoma City 1.4 1.3 0.07 0.66 23.5 6.2 2.2 2.1 16.1 5.0 OK: Tulsa 0.5 1.1 0.30 0.78 3.9 1.5 0.90 0.89 3.8 1.5 OR: Corvallis 0.48 0.75 0.12 0.54 6.3 2.1 1.6 1.2 6.4 2.1 OR: Portland 0.00 0.72 0.00 0.49 2.9 1.4 0.72 0.83 4.2 1.7 PA: Harrisburg -0.36 0.38 0.09 0.40 8.1 2.2 1.4 1.0 6.6 2.0 PA: Philadelphia -0.14 0.33 0.00 0.29 7.3 2.2 1.4 1.1 9.8 2.6 PA: Pittsburgh -0.3 1.2 0.5 1.5 18.0 7.0 2.9 3.4 16.5 6.5 PR: San Juan -0.9 1.1 -0.19 0.66 8.1 3.2 1.2 1.4 12.8 4.0 RI: Providence 0.26 0.67 -0.10 0.36 7.6 2.2 0.57 0.71 6.9 2.1 SC: Barnwell 0.11 0.31 0.11 0.31 13.9 3.4 1.5 1.1 16.0 3.7 SC: Columbia -0.36 0.68 -0.09 0.60 18.0 7.2 2.1 2.9 20.0 7.6 SD: Pierre 1.4 2.0 0.8 1.4 25.8 7.5 2.7 2.8 21.6 6.8 SD: Rapid City 0.00 0.36 0.15 0.42 8.2 2.5 3.0 1.6 7.8 2.4 TN: Knoxville -0.3 1.4 -0.14 0.94 18.2 5.8 1.7 2.1 13.6 4.9 TN: Memphis 0.05 0.58 0.05 0.46 9.2 2.7 2.3 1.4 9.7 2.8 TN: Nashville -0.24 0.59 0.00 0.52 29.8 6.2 2.1 1.6 7.1 2.6 TN: Oak Ridge/Bethel -0.07 0.43 0.33 0.70 58.6 9.6 4.7 2.0 13.8 3.4 TN: Oak Ridge/K25 -0.07 0.45 0.20 0.59 6.2 2.1 1.9 1.3 5.4 2.0 TN: Oak Ridge/Melton -0.3 1.0 -0.10 0.67 29.6 6.5 4.1 2.4 9.3 3.2 TN: Oak Ridgc/Y12 E -0.68 0.73 0.00 0.54 93 15 5.6 2.7 15.6 4.2 TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 W 0.3 4.0 0.7 3.1 36 12 3.4 4.3 31 11 TX: Amarillo 0.4 1.6 0.4 1.3 13.4 5.1 3.6 2.9 14.1 5.1 TX: Austin Note: NA = No Analysis 20 ------- Table 8 (continued) Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates January-December 2011 Composites 238Pu 239-24°pu 234U 235U 238U Location aCi/m3 ±2m aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ±2u aCi/m3 ± 2u TX: Corpus CMsti -0.1 1.0 0.21 0.94 17.4 6.3 3.3 3.2 20.3 6.8 TX: Dallas -0.9 1.3 0.3 1.5 14.3 5.6 0.2 1.7 17.8 6.2 TX: El Paso -3.0 4.7 1.8 5.2 51 19 14 11 82 24 TX: Ft. Worth 0.5 2.3 0.0 1.6 21.2 8.3 1.6 2.9 27.7 9.5 TX: Harlingen 0.0 1.7 0.8 2.3 28.7 9.8 2.7 3.8 17.7 7.5 TX: Houston 0.00 0.76 -0.48 0.90 10.3 3.9 1.0 1.5 9.5 3.7 TX: Laredo -0.4 2.3 -0.2 1.8 15.0 5.9 1.9 2.7 12.7 5.4 TX: Lubbock 5 11 4.6 8.1 78 29 4.3 9.3 67 26 TX: San Angelo -1.1 2.6 -1.4 2.7 29 11 0.3 3.1 32 11 TX: San Antonio 1.7 2.3 0.6 1.6 14.3 6.0 6.4 4.6 15.6 6.4 UT: Salt Lake City -0.1 1.3 0.5 1.5 31.5 9.1 4.2 3.5 30.7 8.9 VA: Harrisonburg -0.08 0.27 -0.08 0.27 4.7 1.6 0.65 0.65 4.4 1.5 VA: Lynchburg -0.25 0.39 0.07 0.32 11.5 2.7 1.59 0.99 5.8 1.8 VA: Richmond 0.09 0.27 0.06 0.28 8.1 2.2 1.24 0.89 7.0 2.0 VA: Virginia Beach 0.08 0.35 -0.04 0.26 8.5 2.5 0.38 0.69 7.4 2.3 VT: Burlington 0.1 1.5 0.00 0.58 9.4 3.4 1.0 1.4 5.4 2.5 WA: Olympia -0.08 0.26 -0.05 0.18 2.5 1.1 0.08 0.37 2.7 1.1 WA: Richland 0.9 1.5 -0.21 0.72 25.7 7.4 1.0 2.0 17.0 5.8 WA: Seattle -0.02 0.19 -0.06 0.14 2.42 0.87 0.71 0.52 2.29 0.85 WA: Spokane -1.4 1.4 0.3 1.5 15.2 5.7 1.6 2.2 7.2 3.8 WI: Madison -0.2 1.1 -0.5 1.2 12.5 5.1 2.3 2.7 10.0 4.5 WI: Milwaukee -0.11 0.40 -0.06 0.38 5.7 2.1 0.39 0.69 5.5 2.0 WV: Charleston -0.04 0.37 0.00 0.25 7.3 2.3 0.58 0.81 9.4 2.7 Note: NA = No Analysis 21 ------- This page intentionally left blank 22 ------- 2. Drinking Water Program The RadNet drinking water program provides data on radionuclide concentrations in the nation's drinking water supplies. Sampling sites are either major population centers or selected nuclear facility environs. Drinking water data are used to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations. The analysis scheme for RadNet samples is similar to that of EPA's "National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations." The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis; (b) gross alpha, gross beta, and gamma on annual composites; (c) radium-226 if the gross alpha exceeds 2 pCi/L and radium-228 if the radium-226 falls between 3 and 5 pCi/L on annual composites; (d) iodine-131 on one quarterly sample per year for each station; (e) plutonium-238, combined plutonium-239 and 240, and uranium-234, 235, and 238 for stations that demonstrate gross alpha levels greater than 2 pCi/L on annual composites; and (f) strontium-90 on one-fourth of the annual composites on a four year rotating schedule. Composite results are published in the ERD for the third quarter of the following year. RadNet drinking water data should not be used to monitor compliance with drinking water regu- lations or for comparisons to those data since different procedures for collection and analysis may be used. 23 ------- Table 9 Tritium in Drinking Water July-September 2012 Date JH Location Collected pCi/L ± 2w AK: Fairbanks 08/16/12 -14 79 AL: Dothan 07/05/12 15 88 AL: Muscle Shoals 07/12/12 21 88 AL: Scottsboro 07/11/12 57 85 AR: Little Rock 07/03/12 -56 76 CA: Los Angeles 08/14/12 -18 78 CA: Richmond 07/02/12 53 89 CO: Denver 07/16/12 31 83 CT: Hartford 07/03/12 48 90 DE: Dover 07/05/12 -82 76 FL: Tampa 07/02/12 -35 77 GA: Baxley 08/02/12 46 82 GA: Savannah 07/20/12 46 85 HI: Honolulu 09/07/12 -85 76 IA: Cedar Rapids 08/01/12 -53 78 ID: Boise 07/06/12 t"- t"- 00 "3- 1 ID: Idaho Falls 07/05/12 -26 77 IL: W. Chicago 07/09/12 54 85 KS: Topeka 07/05/12 -8 87 LA: New Orleans 07/23/12 23 84 MD: Baltimore 07/09/12 -29 87 MD: Conowingo 08/07/12 19 81 MI: Detroit 07/23/12 49 84 MI: Detroit 08/28/12 56 82 MN: St. Paul 07/11/12 75 86 MN: Welch 07/11/12 6 83 MO: Jefferson City 07/02/12 -19 77 MS: Jackson 07/03/12 -5 78 MS: Port Gibson 07/05/12 -15 87 MT: Helena 07/12/12 -17 86 NC: Charlotte 07/10/12 380 100 ND: Bismarck 07/03/12 21 89 NE: Lincoln 07/05/12 27 88 NJ: Trenton 09/04/12 -19 79 NJ: Waretown 09/04/12 -7 79 NY: Albany 09/28/12 -17 87 NY: New York City 07/10/12 59 85 NY: Syracuse 08/10/12 32 81 OH: Cincinnati 07/09/12 -23 86 OH: Columbus 07/10/12 6 88 24 ------- Table 9 (continued) Tritium in Drinking Water July-September 2012 Date JH Location Collected pCi/L ± 2w OH: E. Liverpool 08/22/12 -16 79 OH: Painesville 07/19/12 144 89 OH: Toledo 07/19/12 126 88 OR: Portland 09/28/12 300 100 PA: Columbia 08/01/12 12 81 PA: Harrisburg 07/31/12 11 80 PA: Philadelphia/Baxter 07/18/12 69 85 PA: Philadelphia/Belmont 07/18/12 36 84 PA: Philadelphia/Queen 07/18/12 56 85 PA: Pittsburgh 08/21/12 14 81 RI: Providence 07/03/12 15 88 SC: Barnwell 07/30/12 51 84 SC: Columbia 07/31/12 51 84 SC: Jenkinsville 07/11/12 -2 80 SC: Seneca 07/09/12 11 82 TN: Knoxville 07/03/12 88 91 TN: Oak Ridge/#360 07/10/12 92 86 TN: OakRidge/#371 07/10/12 390 100 TN: Oak Ridge/#4442 07/10/12 57 85 TN: Oak Ridge/#768 07/10/12 -46 85 TN: Oak Ridge/#772 07/10/12 48 90 TX: Austin 07/09/12 34 88 VA: Lynchburg 07/09/12 8 87 WA: Richland 08/15/12 -27 79 WI: Madison 07/05/12 -39 77 25 ------- Table 10 Plutonium and Uranium Analyses Selected Drinking Water Composite Samples January-December 2011 238Pu 239-240pu 234U 235U 238u Location pCi/L± 2« pCi/L± 2 u pCi/L± 2 u pCi/L± 2 u pCi/L± 2m IL: Morris -0.010 0.033 0.014 0.053 0.63 0.27 0.05 0.11 0.11 0.14 IL: W. Chicago -0.004 0.042 0.061 0.066 0.11 0.12 0.017 0.098 0.000 0.046 LA: New Orleans 0.025 0.044 0.008 0.037 0.50 0.22 -0.009 0.060 0.54 0.23 MD: Conowingo 0.009 0.039 0.022 0.047 4.25 0.66 0.11 0.11 2.23 0.44 MN: Welch 0.000 0.040 0.021 0.045 0.073 0.092 0.000 0.051 0.047 0.084 NE: Lincoln -0.005 0.031 0.014 0.040 4.46 0.72 0.23 0.16 3.29 0.59 NH: Concord 0.050 0.070 0.137 0.087 0.034 0.073 -0.008 0.078 0.068 0.095 NV: Las Vegas 0.019 0.051 0.047 0.065 2.35 0.55 0.15 0.15 1.37 0.41 SC: Jenkinsville -0.009 0.030 -0.009 0.030 1.32 0.33 0.000 0.046 0.75 0.25 WI: Madison 0.040 0.063 0.036 0.055 0.74 0.27 0.07 0.11 0.21 0.15 Note: NA = No Analysis 26 ------- Table 11 Drinking Water Alpha, Beta, and Sr-90 Concentrations Composites January-December 2011 Total Gross Gross Solids Beta Alpha 90Sr Location (mg/L) pCi/L ± 2u pCi/L ± 2u pCi/L ± 2u AK: Fairbanks 79.2 3.9 1.8 0.2 1.9 AL: Dothan 29.5 3.0 2.8 1.1 3.4 AL: Montgomery 16.9 2.0 1.4 -0.2 1.4 AL: Muscle Shoals 35.2 2.3 1.6 0.8 1.7 AL: Scottsboro 16.7 2.1 2.9 -0.4 2.8 AR: Little Rock 12.8 1.9 1.5 0.1 1.4 0.28 0.30 CA: Los Angeles 56.4 4.0 3.1 1.6 3.8 -0.73 0.72 CA: Richmond 25.7 0.4 1.4 0.8 1.8 0.25 0.46 CO: Denver 27.3 2.3 2.8 1.2 3.4 -0.29 0.40 CT: Hartford 18.0 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.4 DE: Dover 59.3 3.6 3.2 -0.8 3.5 FL: Tampa 40.6 1.7 2.7 0.8 3.6 GA: Baxley 61.2 2.1 1.6 1.8 2.1 GA: Savannah 53.4 0.7 1.5 0.4 1.8 HI: Honolulu 48.6 2.1 3.1 1.3 3.7 IA: Cedar Rapids 58.3 3.6 1.7 0.2 1.8 -0.19 0.30 ID: Boise 26.9 1.3 1.4 0.4 1.7 ID: Idaho Falls 56.8 5.5 3.4 1.0 3.7 IL: Morris 45.0 12.8 6.8 10.6 8.8 IL: W. Chicago 39.3 8.5 3.5 2.3 3.7 KS: Topeka 61.9 11.5 3.9 0.6 3.7 0.10 0.69 LA: New Orleans 48.2 5.0 3.2 2.2 4.0 0.02 0.26 MD: Baltimore 29.4 1.6 2.8 0.9 3.3 MD: Conowingo 52.0 6.8 2.0 3.6 2.5 MI: Grand Rapids 16.9 3.0 5.5 0.9 6.1 MN: St. Paul 51.3 2.1 1.6 0.5 1.8 MN: Welch 116.7 8.1 2.3 6.5 3.2 MO: Jefferson City 86.2 6.2 2.0 0.7 2.1 0.17 0.38 MS: Jackson 22.7 2.9 1.5 0.8 1.7 MS: Port Gibson 56.4 5.2 3.3 1.4 3.7 MT: Helena 40.8 1.6 1.6 0.8 1.8 0.12 0.35 NC: Raleigh 44.9 3.5 1.7 0.4 1.8 ND: Bismarck 89.3 4.9 1.8 0.2 2.0 0.04 0.36 NE: Lincoln 61.1 12.5 4.1 8.6 5.2 0.00 0.32 NH: Concord 31.3 2.4 1.6 2.0 2.0 NJ: Trenton 103.5 2.00 0.77 0.36 0.89 NJ: Waretown 34.1 2.4 1.1 0.3 1.2 27 ------- Table 11 (continued) Drinking Water Alpha, Beta, and Sr-90 Concentrations Composites January-December 2011 Total Gross Gross Solids Beta Alpha 90Sr Location (mg/L) pCi/L ± 2u pCi/L ± 2u pCi/L ± 2u NM: Santa Fe 62.6 4.7 1.9 0.8 2.0 0.0 1.0 NV: Las Vegas 40.7 4.1 5.6 5.6 7.9 NY: Albany 73.8 1.40 0.70 0.33 0.79 NY: New York City 20.5 1.5 1.5 -0.2 1.5 NY: Niagara Falls 52.0 1.9 1.6 0.2 1.8 NY: Syracuse 28.9 -1.1 2.6 1.2 3.5 OH: Cincinnati 68.4 3.6 1.7 1.3 2.1 -0.20 0.44 OH: Columbus 86.3 5.2 1.9 0.7 2.0 0.04 0.28 OH: E. Liverpool 71.5 2.8 1.7 0.5 1.9 0.23 0.62 OH: Painesville 62.3 2.6 1.6 -0.1 1.9 0.57 0.45 OH: Toledo 40.5 3.3 1.7 1.2 1.9 0.46 0.31 OK: Oklahoma City 27.9 4.1 3.1 0.5 3.2 -0.5 1.0 OR: Portland 10.0 0.3 1.3 -0.2 1.3 PA: Columbia 68.2 2.0 1.7 -0.1 1.9 PA: Harrisburg 74.3 1.6 1.6 -0.5 1.7 PA: Philadelphia/Baxter 31.7 1.4 2.8 -0.6 3.3 PA: Philadelphia/Belmont 48.1 2.9 3.1 -0.8 3.4 PA: Philadelphia/Queen 54.0 3.9 3.1 0.3 3.5 PA: Pittsburgh 86.1 2.1 1.3 0.1 1.6 RI: Providence 34.6 1.8 1.2 0.5 1.4 SC: Barnwell 33.4 2.6 1.5 0.8 1.8 SC: Columbia 25.0 2.9 1.6 0.9 1.7 SC: Jenkinsville 24.7 2.7 1.6 2.4 2.0 SC: Seneca 7.9 1.0 1.3 0.3 1.4 TN: Knoxville 44.2 1.9 1.5 0.3 1.7 TN: Oak Ridge/#360 35.5 3.0 1.7 0.6 1.7 0.31 0.90 TN: OakRidge/#371 52.6 1.6 1.5 0.4 1.9 0.25 0.35 TN: Oak Ridge/#4442 24.4 2.7 2.9 0.1 3.0 0.16 0.39 TN: Oak Ridge/#768 26.8 -0.3 2.8 0.9 3.3 -0.20 0.37 TN: Oak Ridge/#772 27.1 2.5 2.7 0.2 3.2 -0.02 0.37 TX: Austin 61.4 3.5 1.7 1.1 2.1 0.04 0.32 VA: Ashland 45.6 3.2 1.2 0.3 1.2 VA: Lynchburg 9.6 -0.4 2.6 -0.2 2.5 WA: Richland 32.7 1.8 1.5 0.6 1.7 WI: Madison 36.5 1.1 5.6 2.2 6.9 0.27 0.31 28 ------- Table 12 Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Gamma-Emitting 226Ra 228Ra Radionuclides Location pCi/L ±2u pCi/L ± 2u Nuclide pCi/L ± 2 u AK: Fairbanks NA NA Co-60 -0.42 0.96 Cs-137 0 19 K-40 8 13 Ra-228 3.1 3.8 AL: Dothan NA NA Co-60 -0.5 4.7 Cs-137 0.16 0.66 K-40 5.1 8.7 Ra-228 -0.8 4.1 AL: Montgomery NA NA Co-60 0.35 0.89 Cs-137 -0.1 2.1 K-40 -7 12 Ra-228 -0.3 3.5 AL: Muscle Shoals NA NA Co-60 0.41 0.61 Cs-137 -0.20 0.61 K-40 -2 14 Ra-228 0.5 2.4 AL: Scottsboro NA NA Co-60 -0.7 1.8 Cs-137 -0.1 2.9 K-40 -10 16 AR: Little Rock NA NA Co-60 0.11 0.76 Cs-137 0.17 0.86 K-40 2 11 Ra-228 4.2 4.6 CA: Los Angeles NA NA Co-60 -0.4 2.4 Cs-137 -0.1 9.8 K-40 -6 13 CA: Richmond NA NA Co-60 0 26 Cs-137 -0.3 2.3 K-40 -8 15 Ra-228 -1.0 4.8 CO: Denver NA NA Co-60 -0.1 1.5 Cs-137 0.03 0.89 K-40 0 13 Ra-228 2.3 4.9 CT: Hartford NA NA Co-60 0.64 0.89 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 29 ------- Table 12 (continued) Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Gamma-Emitting 226Ra 228Ra Radionuclides Location pCi/L ±2u pCi/L ± 2u Nuclide pCi/L ± 2 u CT: Hartford NA NA Cs-137 -0.06 0.90 K-40 -1 13 Ra-228 -0.5 4.3 DE: Dover NA NA Co-60 0.20 0.61 Cs-137 0.03 0.61 Ra-228 1.0 2.4 FL: Tampa NA NA Co-60 0.28 0.72 Cs-137 -0.5 1.3 K-40 10 12 Ra-228 -0.8 4.0 GA: Baxley NA NA Co-60 0.16 0.84 Cs-137 0.57 0.92 K-40 -1 11 Ra-228 -0.1 3.7 GA: Savannah NA NA Co-60 -0.4 2.9 Cs-137 -0.1 7.5 K-40 8 11 Ra-228 -1.3 5.0 HI: Honolulu NA NA Co-60 0.68 0.84 Cs-137 0 48 K-40 -10 16 Ra-228 -1.1 4.7 IA: Cedar Rapids NA NA Co-60 -0.2 8.5 Cs-137 -0.1 5.2 K-40 3 12 Ra-228 -1.3 5.2 ID: Boise NA NA Co-60 0.00 0.64 Cs-137 0.01 0.60 K-40 -0.5 7.8 Ra-228 1.2 2.4 ID: Idaho Falls NA NA Co-60 -0.3 3.7 Cs-137 0.28 0.82 K-40 5 11 Ra-228 -3.2 9.7 IL: Morris 1.85 0.36 NA Co-60 0.02 0.75 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 30 ------- Table 12 (continued) Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Gamma-Emitting 226Ra 228Ra Radionuclides Location pCi/L ±2u pCi/L ± 2u Nuclide pCi/L ± 2 u IL: Morris 1.85 0.36 NA Cs-137 0.22 0.92 K-40 -1 12 Ra-228 2.4 3.9 IL: W. Chicago 0.53 0.19 NA Co-60 -0.2 8.5 Cs-137 0.43 0.97 K-40 5 12 Ra-228 -2.4 6.2 KS: Topeka NA NA Co-60 0.28 0.77 Cs-137 0 26 K-40 4 11 Ra-228 3.7 4.5 LA: New Orleans 0.099 0.086 NA Co-60 -0.1 1.5 Cs-137 0 14 K-40 7 12 Ra-228 -2.7 8.3 MD: Baltimore NA NA Co-60 -0.3 6.3 Cs-137 -0.2 2.7 K-40 8 11 Ra-228 -0.1 3.6 MD: Conowingo 0.33 0.15 NA Co-60 -0.4 2.6 Cs-137 -0.7 1.4 K-40 6.8 9.7 Ra-228 2.5 4.4 MI: Grand Rapids NA NA Co-60 0 20 Cs-137 0 18 K-40 9 10 Ra-228 -2.0 6.1 MN: St. Paul NA NA Co-60 -1 29 Cs-137 0.01 0.63 K-40 5.2 7.6 Ra-228 1.7 4.2 MN: Welch 1.45 0.32 NA Co-60 0.30 0.83 Cs-137 0 25 K-40 14 12 MO: Jefferson City NA NA Co-60 -0.5 2.2 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 31 ------- Table 12 (continued) Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Gamma-Emitting 226Ra 228Ra Radionuclides Location pCi/L ±2u pCi/L ± 2u Nuclide pCi/L ± 2 u MO: Jefferson City NA NA Cs-137 0.32 0.90 K-40 -5 12 Ra-228 -1.6 5.6 MS: Jackson NA NA Co-60 0.07 0.63 Cs-137 -0.08 0.62 K-40 2.6 5.6 Ra-228 1.1 2.4 MS: Port Gibson NA NA Co-60 -0.31 0.84 Cs-137 0.22 0.84 K-40 7 11 Ra-228 -1.2 4.9 MT: Helena NA NA Co-60 -0.03 0.90 Cs-137 1 © vo © K-40 7 12 Ra-228 4.4 3.7 NC: Raleigh NA NA Co-60 -0.15 0.99 Cs-137 0.16 0.63 K-40 5.1 9.3 Ra-228 1.1 4.0 ND: Bismarck NA NA Co-60 -0.3 6.1 Cs-137 0.53 0.91 K-40 8 11 Ra-228 0.2 3.3 NE: Lincoln 0.15 0.11 NA Co-60 0 18 Cs-137 -0.3 1.8 K-40 10 11 Ra-228 1.9 4.3 NH: Concord 0.035 0.063 NA Co-60 0.00 0.50 Cs-137 -0.12 0.94 K-40 -17 21 Ra-228 1.7 4.0 NJ: Trenton NA NA Co-60 0.00 0.66 Cs-137 0.10 0.64 K-40 -1.3 9.5 Ra-228 0.3 4.1 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 32 ------- Table 12 (continued) Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Gamma-Emitting 226Ra 228Ra Radionuclides Location pCi/L ±2u pCi/L ± 2u Nuclide pCi/L ± 2 u NJ: Waretown NA NA Co-60 0.00 0.64 Cs-137 -0.02 0.67 Ra-228 2.2 2.5 NM: Santa Fe NA NA Co-60 -0.5 2.0 Cs-137 0.12 0.97 K-40 9.9 9.9 Ra-228 1.8 3.5 NV: Las Vegas 0.17 0.11 NA Co-60 0 57 Cs-137 -0.2 2.6 K-40 8 12 Ra-228 -2.9 7.5 NY: Albany NA NA Co-60 0.19 0.76 Cs-137 0.66 0.79 K-40 -1 12 Ra-228 -1.3 4.9 NY: New York City NA NA Co-60 0.00 0.73 Cs-137 -0.02 0.65 K-40 3 11 Ra-228 -2.3 6.9 NY: Niagara Falls NA NA Co-60 -0.11 0.76 Cs-137 0.00 0.95 K-40 0 12 Ra-228 2.5 3.8 NY: Syracuse NA NA Co-60 -0.2 4.4 Cs-137 0.11 0.55 K-40 4 10 Ra-228 0.5 3.5 OH: Cincinnati NA NA Co-60 -0.1 3.4 Cs-137 -0.5 1.5 K-40 6 12 Ra-228 0.0 3.3 OH: Columbus NA NA Co-60 0.37 0.80 Cs-137 0.12 0.98 K-40 -7 15 Ra-228 0.0 3.1 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 33 ------- Table 12 (continued) Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Gamma-Emitting 226Ra 228Ra Radionuclides Location pCi/L ±2u pCi/L ± 2u Nuclide pCi/L ± 2 u OH: E. Liverpool NA NA Co-60 -0.02 0.81 Cs-137 0 12 K-40 -11 14 Ra-228 1.7 3.9 OH: Painesville NA NA Co-60 -0.1 1.4 Cs-137 00 © 1 K-40 0 13 Ra-228 1.3 4.1 OH: Toledo NA NA Co-60 0 22 Cs-137 -0.01 0.99 K-40 5 14 Ra-228 -0.8 3.9 OK: Oklahoma City NA NA Co-60 -0.5 1.2 Cs-137 0.2 1.4 K-40 5 19 Ra-228 0.8 5.9 OR: Portland NA NA Co-60 0.32 0.78 Cs-137 -0.5 1.4 K-40 15 12 Ra-228 -2.2 6.5 PA: Columbia NA NA Co-60 -0.3 3.8 Cs-137 0.00 0.70 K-40 0 12 Ra-228 1.3 4.2 PA: Harrisburg NA NA Co-60 -0.1 1.6 Cs-137 -0.3 2.1 K-40 -1 13 Ra-228 -1.0 4.5 PA: Philadelphia/Baxter NA NA Co-60 0.10 0.72 Cs-137 0.10 0.87 K-40 -10 15 Ra-228 0.8 3.5 PA: Philadelphia/Belmont NA NA Co-60 0.39 0.76 Cs-137 -0.3 1.8 K-40 0.4 9.8 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 34 ------- Table 12 (continued) Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Gamma-Emitting 226Ra 228Ra Radionuclides Location pCi/L ±2u pCi/L ± 2u Nuclide pCi/L ± 2 u PA: Philadelphia/Belmont NA NA Ra-228 3.0 3.5 PA: Philadelphia/Queen NA NA Co-60 0.51 0.77 Cs-137 0.31 0.86 K-40 5 12 Ra-228 -1.1 4.7 PA: Pittsburgh NA NA Co-60 0 12 Cs-137 -0.6 1.3 K-40 -14 19 Ra-228 -0.8 4.5 RI: Providence NA NA Co-60 0.89 0.76 Cs-137 0.74 0.93 K-40 -16 20 Ra-228 -2.2 6.3 SC: Barnwell NA NA Co-60 0.21 0.85 Cs-137 -0.1 4.1 K-40 6 14 Ra-228 0.7 3.8 SC: Columbia NA NA Co-60 -0.2 8.5 Cs-137 -0.2 2.9 K-40 2 11 Ra-228 -1.0 4.4 SC: Jenkinsville 0.18 0.11 NA Co-60 -0.2 8.5 Cs-137 0.39 0.89 K-40 -12 18 Ra-228 3.5 4.7 SC: Seneca NA NA Co-60 -0.3 3.5 Cs-137 0.52 0.92 K-40 7 11 Ra-228 1.8 4.2 TN: Knoxville NA NA Co-60 0 12 Cs-137 0.59 0.89 K-40 5 12 Ra-228 0.3 3.6 TN: Oak Ridge/#360 NA NA Co-60 0.09 0.77 Cs-137 -0.2 2.5 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 35 ------- Table 12 (continued) Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Gamma-Emitting 226Ra 228Ra Radionuclides Location pCi/L ±2u pCi/L ± 2u Nuclide pCi/L ± 2 u TN: Oak Ridge/#360 NA NA K-40 3 13 Ra-228 0.1 4.1 TN: OakRidge/#371 NA NA Co-60 0.52 0.68 Cs-137 0.23 0.87 K-40 6 11 Ra-228 -1.7 6.0 TN: Oak Ridge/#4442 NA NA Co-60 -0.7 1.6 Cs-137 -0.1 4.1 K-40 14 12 Ra-228 -2.6 8.0 TN: Oak Ridge/#768 NA NA Co-60 0.00 0.85 Cs-137 0.03 0.84 K-40 4 12 Ra-228 -1.1 4.9 TN: Oak Ridge/#772 NA NA Co-60 0.0 1.1 Cs-137 -0.4 1.7 K-40 7 12 TX: Austin NA NA Co-60 -0.1 2.0 Cs-137 -0.5 1.5 K-40 3 10 Ra-228 1.9 4.3 VA: Ashland NA NA Co-60 -0.5 5.1 Cs-137 -0.08 0.75 K-40 10.5 9.3 Ra-228 1.4 3.9 VA: Lynchburg NA NA Co-60 0.47 0.63 Cs-137 0.12 0.62 K-40 1.7 5.6 Ra-228 1.4 2.4 WA: Richland NA NA Co-60 0.33 0.87 Cs-137 -0.4 1.5 K-40 6 13 Ra-228 -0.7 4.2 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 36 ------- Table 12 (continued) Drinking Water Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Composites January-December 2011 Location 226Ra pCi/L ±2u 228Ra pCi/L ± 2u Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides Nuclide pCi/L ±2w WI: Madison 1.34 0.31 NA Co-60 -0.2 7.9 Cs-137 0.33 0.91 K-40 -1 13 Ra-228 2.2 3.5 Note: ND = Not Detected NA = No Analysis 37 ------- This page intentionally left blank 38 ------- 3. Milk Program Pasteurized Milk Milk is a reliable indicator of the general population's intake of certain radionuclides since it is consumed fresh by a large segment of the population and can contain several of the biologically significant radionuclides that result from environmental releases from nuclear activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain reliable monitoring data relative to current radio- nuclide concentrations and determine any long-term trends. Milk samples are collected quarterly at each of the sampling sites. The samples are analyzed for gamma-emitting nuclides, including iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and potassium-40. Total potassium concentrations in g/L are determined from potassium-40 activities assuming natural isotopic abundances. During the third quarter collection, one-fourth of the samples are also analyzed for strontium-90 on a four year rotating schedule. 39 ------- Table 13 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk July-September 2012 Date K 137Cs 140Ba 131j Location Collected g/L ± 2 u pCi/L ± 2u pCi/L ± 2u pCi/L ± 2u AR: Fayetteville 08/08/12 1.55 0.19 ND NR NR CA: Los Angeles 09/24/12 1.74 0.20 ND ND ND CA: San Francisco 07/11/12 1.70 0.21 ND ND ND CT: Hartford 08/27/12 1.65 0.19 ND ND NR DE: Wilmington 07/16/12 1.75 0.20 ND ND ND HI: Hilo 07/11/12 1.81 0.21 ND ND ND IA: Des Moines 07/16/12 1.64 0.19 ND ND ND KS: Wichita 07/31/12 1.67 0.19 ND NR NR KY: Louisville 07/09/12 1.66 0.19 ND ND ND MA: Boston 09/19/12 1.59 0.20 ND ND ND MD: Baltimore 07/11/12 1.73 0.20 ND ND ND MI: Detroit 07/17/12 1.79 0.20 ND ND ND NJ: Trenton 07/19/12 1.70 0.19 ND ND ND NV: Las Vegas 09/24/12 1.67 0.20 ND ND ND NY: Buffalo 09/09/12 1.68 0.20 ND ND ND NY: Syracuse 07/09/12 1.74 0.20 ND ND ND OH: Cincinnati 07/17/12 1.58 0.19 ND ND ND OH: Cleveland 07/09/12 1.74 0.20 ND ND ND OR: Portland 07/23/12 1.63 0.20 ND ND ND PA: Pittsburgh 07/16/12 1.61 0.19 ND ND ND TN: Knoxville 07/10/12 1.70 0.20 ND ND ND TN: Memphis 07/16/12 1.51 0.18 ND ND ND TX: Dallas 08/14/12 1.63 0.19 ND NR NR TX: San Antonio 07/17/12 1.56 0.18 ND ND ND VT: Montpelier 07/26/12 1.65 0.20 ND ND ND WA: Spokane 07/13/12 1.65 0.19 ND ND ND WA: Spokane 07/31/12 1.71 0.20 ND NR NR WA: Tacoma 09/26/12 1.72 0.20 ND ND ND WV: Charleston 07/11/12 1.53 0.18 ND ND ND Note: ND = Not detected NR = No result (not analyzed within 5 half-lives of collection) 40 ------- Table 14 Strontium-90 in Pasteurized Milk July-September 2012 Date 90Sr Location Collected pCi/L ± 2m IA: Des Moines 07/16/12 0.39 0.47 KY: Louisville 07/09/12 0.2 1.5 MA: Boston 09/19/12 0.41 0.46 MD: Baltimore 07/11/12 -0.1 1.4 MI: Detroit 07/17/12 0.37 0.48 NV: Las Vegas 09/24/12 0.25 0.41 NY: Syracuse 07/09/12 0.40 0.48 TX: Dallas 08/14/12 0.27 0.45 WA: Tacoma 09/26/12 0.51 0.42 41 ------- This page intentionally left blank 42 ------- For More Information Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is published quarterly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air. Requests for information concerning the operation of RadNet and the data that are generated should be directed as follows: Requests for information concerning the operation of RadNet, the data that are generated, or publication and distribution of ERD should be directed to: Charles M. Petko Office of the Director National Analytical Radiation Environmental Laboratory 540 South Morris Avenue Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601 email: petko.charles@epa.gov Requests for information concerning policies of the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air should be directed to: Jonathan Edwards USEPA - ORIA Radiation Protection Division (MC6608J) 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. N.W. Washington, DC 20460 email: edwards.jonathan@epa.gov *** 43 ------- This page intentionally left blank 44 ------- |