Environmental
Radiation
Data
REPORT 155
July-September 2013
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
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11
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Contents
Page
List of Tables v
Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
Data Reporting Conventions xi
1. Air Program 1
Airborne Particulates and Precipitation 1
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates 17
2. Water Program 23
3. Milk Program 39
Pasteurized Milk 39
in
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iv
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List of Tables
Table Page
1 Reporting Units and Minimum Detectable Concentrations xiii
2 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: July 2013 2
3 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: August 2013 6
4 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: September 2013 10
5 Specific Gamma in Precipitation: July 2013 14
6 Specific Gamma in Precipitation: August 2013 15
7 Specific Gamma in Precipitation: September 2013 16
8 Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates:
January-December 2012 Composites 18
9 Tritium in Drinking Water: July-September 2013 24
10 Plutonium and Uranium Analyses of Selected Drinking Water Composite
Samples: January-December 2012 26
11 Alpha, Beta, and Sr-90 Concentrations in Drinking Water:
January-December 2012 Composites 27
12 Radium-226, -228 and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides in Drinking Water:
January-December 2012 Composites 29
13 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk: July-September 2013 40
14 Strontium-90 in Pasteurized Milk: July-September 2013 41
v
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vi
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Preface
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) contains data from the RadNet monitoring system
(formerly ERAMS), which is operated by the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air's National
Analytical Radiation Environmental Laboratory (NAREL) in Montgomery, Alabama. ERD is
published in both hard-copy and electronic formats. Electronic reports are available online at
http://www.epa.gov/narel. RadNet data are also available online in a searchable database at:
http://www.epa.gov/enviro/facts/radnet
The United States Environmental Protection Agency established RadNet in 1973 with an
emphasis on identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in the environ-
ment. RadNet is comprised of a nationwide network of sampling stations that provide air
particulate, precipitation, drinking water, and milk samples.
Sampling locations are selected to provide population and geographic coverage for the United
States. The radiation analyses performed on RadNet samples may include gross alpha and gross
beta analysis, gamma analyses, and radionuclide-specific analyses for isotopes of uranium,
plutonium, strontium, iodine, radium, and tritium. This monitoring effort also provides informa-
tion on natural background levels and possible accidental releases into the environment.
vii
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viii
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Acknowledgments
All sampling for the RadNet monitoring system (formerly ERAMS) is performed by volunteer
collectors who are frequently members of health departments or related environmental agencies
of their respective states. The National Analytical Radiation Environmental Laboratory
(NAREL), on behalf of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, would like to acknowledge
the time and effort of these volunteer collectors, who are so essential to the successful operation
of RadNet. The efforts of the sample collectors are especially appreciated during times of
emergency operation when sampling frequencies are increased and schedules are sometimes
demanding.
IX
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x
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Data Reporting Conventions
Every laboratory measurement involves uncertainty. When there is little or no radioactivity in a
sample, one consequence of measurement uncertainty is the possibility of obtaining a measured
value that is less than zero. Such a negative result occurs when random effects in the measure-
ment process cause the measured value for the sample to be less than that of the blank or back-
ground, which is subtracted from it. From April 1991 to December 1995, negative results were
reported as "not detected" or "ND," and gamma analysis results that were less than their
estimated measurement uncertainties were also reported as "ND." In January 1996, both of these
practices were discontinued. Although negative activities are physically impossible, the inclusion
of negative results in the report allows better statistical analysis of the data.
Results of gamma analyses are still reported as "ND" when gamma-emitting radionuclides are
not detected.
Measurement Uncertainty
Each measured valuey is reported with an expanded uncertainty U=k uc(y), which is determined
from the combined standard uncertainty uc(y) and the coverage factor k = 2. The interval from
y - Utoy + C/ is estimated to have a level of confidence of approximately 95 %.
Significant Figures
Expanded uncertainties are reported to two significant figures. Measurement results are rounded
to the corresponding number of decimal places.
Detection Capability
The minimum detectable concentrations (MDCs) for each radionuclide are shown in Table 1.
The MDC is defined as the minimum concentration that gives a 95 % probability of detection
when the detection criteria are chosen to give only a 5 % probability of false detection in a
sample that is analyte-free.
XI
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Xll
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Table 1
Reporting Units and Minimum Detectable Concentrations
for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Media
Reporting Unit
IMinimum
Detectable
Concentration
Gross Alpha
Water
pCi/L
2
Gross Beta
Air
pCi/m3
0.0006
Water
pCi/L
2
Precipitation
pCi/L
2
Tritium
Water
pCi/L
150
* Plutonium-23 8,23 9/240
Air
aCi/m3
6
Water
pCi/L
0.3
f Uranium-234,238
Air
aCi/m3
7.5
Water
pCi/L
0.35
f Uranium-235
Air
aCi/m3
9
Water
pCi/L
0.4
Radium-226
Water
pCi/L
0.02
Strontium-90
Milk
pCi/L
2
Water
pCi/L
1
t Iodine-131
Milk (gamma)
pCi/L
4
Water (gamma)
pCi/L
4
Water
pCi/L
0.3
Cesium-137
Milk
pCi/L
5
Water
pCi/L
5
{ Barium-140
Milk
pCi/L
15
Water
pCi/L
15
Potassium
Milk
g/L
0.06
Water
g/L
0.06
Potassium-40
Water
pCi/L
50
* The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 10,000 m3. Measurement by alpha
spectrometry includes combined activities of 239Pu and 240Pu, since the relative contributions of these two
isotopes cannot be determined.
¦f The MDCs for air are based on an assumed total sample volume of 10,000 m3.
} Activity as of the day of counting.
Xlll
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xiv
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1. Air Program
Airborne Particulates and Precipitation
Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific analyses are performed on air partic-
ulates and precipitation samples as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national)
impact of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation. Continuous air samplers
collect airborne particulates at field stations representing wide geographic coverage throughout
the United States.
Filters (10 cm diameter synthetic fiber) from air samplers are changed routinely, and generally
field measurements are made with a dual-phosphor scintillation counter at least 5 hours after
collection to allow 222Rn progeny to decay. Field estimates are reported to appropriate EPA
officials by telephone or mail depending on the activity levels found; however, as of the first
quarter of 2012, NAREL no longer reports field estimates in Environmental Radiation Data.
The filters are sent to NAREL for more sensitive analysis in a gas proportional counter. Gamma
scans are performed on all filters showing gross beta activity greater than 1 pCi/m3.
All stations routinely submit precipitation samples as rainfall, snow, or sleet occurs. The precip-
itation samples are composited at NAREL into single monthly samples for each station. Each
month that precipitation occurs, an aliquant of the composited sample is analyzed for gamma-
emitting radionuclides. NAREL discontinued gross beta analysis of precipitation in January 2010
and discontinued tritium analysis of precipitation in January 2012.
1
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Table 2
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
July 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
AK: Anchorage
7
0.003
0.001
0.002
AK: Fairbanks
9
0.005
0.001
0.003
AK: Juneau
4
0.004
0.001
0.002
AL: Birmingham
9
0.011
0.003
0.006
AL: Montgomery/408
8
0.008
0.003
0.005
AR: Fort Smith
1
0.013
0.013
0.013
AR: Little Rock
6
0.012
0.006
0.008
AZ: Phoenix/956
8
0.014
0.005
0.010
AZ: Tucson
9
0.010
0.006
0.008
CA: Anaheim
8
0.006
0.002
0.005
CA: Bakersfield
3
0.015
0.009
0.013
CA: Eureka
5
0.002
0.001
0.001
CA: Fresno
5
0.012
0.006
0.008
CA: Richmond
5
0.004
0.001
0.003
CA: Riverside
9
0.012
0.006
0.009
CA: Sacramento
9
0.005
0.002
0.004
CA: San Bernardino Cty.
9
0.013
0.008
0.010
CA: San Diego
5
0.007
0.003
0.006
CA: San Francisco
7
0.002
0.001
0.002
CA: San Jose
9
0.006
0.002
0.004
CO: Colorado Springs
3
0.013
0.009
0.011
CO: Denver
8
0.016
0.011
0.013
CO: Grand Junction
4
0.012
0.008
0.010
CT: Hartford
7
0.011
0.003
0.006
DC: Washington
7
0.008
0.005
0.007
DE: Dover
5
0.010
0.004
0.006
FL: Jacksonville
2
0.004
0.003
0.004
FL: Miami
3
0.010
0.004
0.008
FL: Orlando
8
0.010
0.003
0.005
FL: Tallahassee
2
0.014
0.004
0.009
FL: Tampa
4
0.005
0.004
0.004
GA: Atlanta
3
0.008
0.005
0.006
GA: Augusta
5
0.008
0.003
0.005
HI: Honolulu
9
0.003
0.001
0.002
IA: Des Moines
7
0.014
0.005
0.010
IA: Mason City
5
0.008
0.003
0.006
ID: Boise
5
0.011
0.009
0.010
ID: Idaho Falls
9
0.015
0.008
0.011
2
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Table 2 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
July 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
IL: Aurora
7
0.010
0.005
0.007
IL: Champaign
8
0.006
0.002
0.004
IL: Chicago
8
0.011
0.004
0.007
IN: Fort Wayne
5
0.012
0.008
0.009
IN: Indianapolis
9
0.010
0.004
0.007
KS: Kansas City
9
0.012
0.007
0.009
KS: Wichita
6
0.012
0.004
0.008
KY: Lexington
8
0.011
0.005
0.008
KY: Louisville
5
0.014
0.005
0.007
LA: Baton Rouge
6
0.013
0.004
0.007
LA: Shreveport
7
0.010
0.003
0.006
MA: Boston
9
0.009
0.004
0.006
MA: Worcester
9
0.015
0.005
0.008
MD: Baltimore
7
0.010
0.005
0.007
ME: Orono
4
0.009
0.004
0.007
ME: Portland
7
0.007
0.002
0.005
MI: Bay City 48708
8
0.009
0.003
0.005
MI: Detroit
9
0.009
0.004
0.006
MI: Grand Rapids
4
0.014
0.005
0.008
MN: Duluth
7
0.007
0.002
0.005
MN: St. Paul
5
0.010
0.003
0.006
MO: Jefferson City
9
0.010
0.005
0.007
MO: Springfield
6
0.008
0.005
0.007
MO: St. Louis
4
0.024
0.006
0.011
MS: Jackson/Deq
5
0.011
0.005
0.008
MT: Billings
2
0.011
0.009
0.010
NC: Charlotte
8
0.008
0.003
0.005
NC: Greensboro
2
0.007
0.006
0.007
NC: Wilmington
5
0.006
0.003
0.004
ND: Bismarck
8
0.014
0.005
0.009
NE: Lincoln
9
0.010
0.005
0.008
NE: Omaha
4
0.009
0.006
0.008
NH: Concord
8
0.020
0.005
0.012
NJ: Edison
9
0.008
0.003
0.005
NM: Carlsbad
5
0.015
0.006
0.009
NM: Navajo Lake St Park
4
0.012
0.004
0.008
NV: Las Vegas/913
9
0.011
0.005
0.008
NV: Reno
9
0.015
0.009
0.012
3
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Table 2 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
July 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
NY: Albany
9
0.015
0.004
0.007
NY: Lockport
8
0.010
0.003
0.006
NY: New York City
4
0.007
0.004
0.006
NY: Rochester
7
0.008
0.002
0.005
NY: Syracuse
1
0.006
0.006
0.006
NY: Yaphank
7
0.009
0.003
0.005
OH: Cincinnati
9
0.011
0.003
0.006
OH: Cleveland
8
0.007
0.004
0.005
OH: Painesville
7
0.009
0.004
0.006
OH: Toledo
7
0.009
0.002
0.005
OK: Oklahoma City
9
0.013
0.006
0.009
OK: Tulsa
10
0.014
0.005
0.008
OR: Corvallis
9
0.003
0.001
0.002
OR: Portland
9
0.003
0.001
0.002
PA: Bloomsburg
2
0.004
0.003
0.003
PA: Philadelphia
4
0.010
0.005
0.008
PA: Pittsburgh
5
0.009
0.004
0.006
PR: San Juan
8
0.009
0.005
0.008
RI: Providence
2
0.006
0.005
0.005
SC: Columbia
7
0.011
0.003
0.007
SD: Pierre
9
0.019
0.006
0.011
SD: Rapid City
7
0.012
0.007
0.009
TN: Knoxville
4
0.011
0.006
0.008
TN: Memphis
7
0.010
0.006
0.007
TN: Nashville
7
0.007
0.004
0.006
TN: Oak Ridge/Bethel
8
0.011
0.004
0.007
TN: Oak Ridge/K25
8
0.011
0.005
0.008
TN: Oak Ridge/Melton
8
0.007
0.003
0.005
TN: Oak Ridgc/Y12 E
8
0.009
0.004
0.007
TN: Oak Ridge12 W
8
0.010
0.004
0.007
TX: Amarillo
7
0.019
0.007
0.012
TX: Austin
4
0.014
0.007
0.011
TX: Dallas
4
0.012
0.007
0.010
TX: El Paso
8
0.022
0.008
0.013
TX: Ft. Worth
4
0.010
0.005
0.008
TX: Harlingen
5
0.016
0.004
0.008
TX: Houston
9
0.017
0.004
0.008
TX: Laredo
2
0.007
0.006
0.006
4
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Table 2 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
July 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
TX: Lubbock
7
0.003
0.001
0.002
TX: San Angelo
4
0.013
0.003
0.007
TX: San Antonio
8
0.015
0.005
0.008
UT: Salt Lake City
8
0.012
0.007
0.009
UT: St. George
5
0.012
0.008
0.010
VA: Harrisonburg
8
0.011
0.005
0.008
VA: Lynchburg
8
0.010
0.003
0.007
VA: Richmond
7
0.012
0.005
0.007
VA: Virginia Beach
8
0.007
0.003
0.005
VT: Burlington
9
0.007
0.002
0.005
WA: Olympia
8
0.002
0.001
0.002
WA: Richland
7
0.006
0.004
0.005
WA: Spokane
7
0.008
0.004
0.006
WI: Madison
7
0.016
0.003
0.008
WI: Milwaukee
5
0.006
0.002
0.004
WI: Shawano
9
0.013
0.003
0.006
WV: Charleston
6
0.012
0.004
0.008
5
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Table 3
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
August 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
AK: Anchorage
4
0.003
0.001
0.002
AK: Fairbanks
8
0.006
0.002
0.004
AK: Juneau
5
0.003
0.001
0.001
AL: Birmingham
7
0.017
0.004
0.009
AL: Montgomery/408
8
0.014
0.003
0.007
AR: Fort Smith
2
0.017
0.009
0.013
AR: Little Rock
9
0.017
0.006
0.011
AZ: Phoenix/956
7
0.013
0.007
0.010
AZ: Tucson
9
0.014
0.005
0.010
CA: Anaheim
7
0.013
0.004
0.006
CA: Bakersfield
2
0.009
0.005
0.007
CA: Eureka
4
0.002
0.001
0.001
CA: Fresno
3
0.008
0.007
0.007
CA: Los Angeles
5
0.018
0.005
0.009
CA: Richmond
4
0.003
0.002
0.003
CA: Riverside
7
0.013
0.006
0.010
CA: Sacramento
7
0.006
0.002
0.004
CA: San Bernardino Cty.
4
0.011
0.009
0.011
CA: San Diego
4
0.008
0.006
0.007
CA: San Francisco
8
0.002
0.000
0.001
CA: San Jose
9
0.005
0.002
0.003
CO: Colorado Springs
4
0.018
0.010
0.013
CO: Denver
9
0.022
0.011
0.014
CO: Grand Junction
4
0.010
0.007
0.008
CT: Hartford
9
0.009
0.003
0.006
DC: Washington
9
0.017
0.005
0.009
DE: Dover
4
0.021
0.004
0.009
FL: Jacksonville
7
0.006
0.002
0.004
FL: Miami
1
0.006
0.006
0.006
FL: Orlando
9
0.011
0.003
0.005
FL: Tallahassee
3
0.009
0.004
0.006
GA: Atlanta
5
0.015
0.004
0.010
GA: Augusta
5
0.010
0.003
0.006
HI: Honolulu
9
0.003
0.002
0.002
IA: Des Moines
9
0.024
0.008
0.013
IA: Mason City
6
0.016
0.006
0.011
ID: Boise
5
0.017
0.012
0.014
ID: Idaho Falls
7
0.013
0.007
0.011
6
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Table 3 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
August 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
IL: Aurora
6
0.019
0.007
0.012
IL: Champaign
9
0.011
0.005
0.007
IL: Chicago
9
0.019
0.003
0.011
IN: Fort Wayne
4
0.018
0.009
0.012
IN: Indianapolis
9
0.018
0.005
0.011
KS: Kansas City
8
0.023
0.010
0.014
KS: Wichita
8
0.019
0.005
0.012
KY: Lexington
7
0.022
0.009
0.014
KY: Louisville
4
0.015
0.007
0.012
LA: Baton Rouge
7
0.017
0.003
0.009
LA: Shreveport
7
0.018
0.003
0.009
MA: Boston
9
0.010
0.003
0.005
MA: Worcester
9
0.021
0.005
0.009
MD: Baltimore
5
0.009
0.007
0.008
ME: Orono
3
0.012
0.005
0.008
ME: Portland
8
0.011
0.002
0.006
MI: Bay City 48708
9
0.015
0.004
0.007
MI: Detroit
7
0.018
0.003
0.009
MI: Grand Rapids
5
0.013
0.005
0.009
MN: Duluth
8
0.012
0.003
0.007
MN: St. Paul
4
0.014
0.004
0.008
MO: Jefferson City
9
0.027
0.008
0.013
MO: Springfield
8
0.019
0.007
0.012
MO: St. Louis
3
0.015
0.009
0.012
MS: Jackson/Deq
4
0.019
0.005
0.010
MT: Billings
5
0.015
0.010
0.012
NC: Charlotte
9
0.017
0.003
0.008
NC: Greensboro
2
0.012
0.008
0.010
NC: Wilmington
4
0.006
0.003
0.005
ND: Bismarck
5
0.020
0.008
0.012
NE: Kearney
5
0.016
0.009
0.012
NE: Lincoln
9
0.011
0.007
0.009
NE: Omaha
4
0.023
0.012
0.016
NH: Concord
8
0.028
0.007
0.013
NJ: Edison
7
0.006
0.003
0.005
NM: Albuquerque
5
0.018
0.008
0.012
NM: Carlsbad
7
0.014
0.005
0.009
NM: Navajo Lake St Park
3
0.012
0.006
0.010
7
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Table 3 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
August 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
NV: Las Vegas/913
8
0.007
0.005
0.006
NV: Reno
6
0.014
0.009
0.012
NY: Albany
8
0.021
0.005
0.010
NY: Lockport
7
0.016
0.003
0.008
NY: New York City
5
0.006
0.004
0.005
NY: Rochester
7
0.021
0.004
0.009
NY: Syracuse
3
0.012
0.005
0.007
NY: Yaphank
7
0.007
0.003
0.004
OH: Cincinnati
9
0.017
0.004
0.010
OH: Cleveland
9
0.014
0.005
0.008
OH: Painesville
7
0.016
0.005
0.009
OH: Toledo
8
0.015
0.004
0.007
OK: Oklahoma City
9
0.020
0.010
0.014
OK: Tulsa
9
0.015
0.007
0.011
OR: Corvallis
9
0.004
0.002
0.003
OR: Portland
6
0.003
0.002
0.003
PA: Bloomsburg
8
0.011
0.003
0.006
PA: Philadelphia
4
0.011
0.006
0.009
PA: Pittsburgh
4
0.017
0.008
0.011
PR: San Juan
9
0.010
0.003
0.006
RI: Providence
4
0.007
0.003
0.005
SC: Columbia
8
0.016
0.004
0.010
SD: Pierre
8
0.018
0.011
0.015
SD: Rapid City
6
0.016
0.012
0.014
TN: Knoxville
6
0.028
0.010
0.015
TN: Memphis
7
0.017
0.008
0.011
TN: Nashville
7
0.014
0.007
0.009
TN: Oak Ridge/Bethel
9
0.019
0.005
0.011
TN: Oak Ridge/K25
9
0.019
0.006
0.011
TN: Oak Ridge/Melton
9
0.015
0.006
0.009
TN: Oak Ridgc/Y12 E
9
0.019
0.006
0.011
TN: Oak Ridge12 W
9
0.017
0.006
0.011
TX: Amarillo
9
0.031
0.009
0.016
TX: Austin
4
0.012
0.007
0.009
TX: Dallas
9
0.020
0.006
0.013
TX: El Paso
7
0.018
0.006
0.013
TX: Ft. Worth
5
0.016
0.007
0.010
TX: Harlingen
2
0.013
0.006
0.010
8
-------
Table 3 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
August 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
TX: Houston
8
0.017
0.003
0.008
TX: Lubbock
6
0.002
0.001
0.001
TX: San Angelo
2
0.008
0.004
0.006
TX: San Antonio
9
0.016
0.003
0.009
UT: Salt Lake City
9
0.012
0.005
0.008
UT: St. George
4
0.009
0.006
0.008
VA: Harrisonburg
8
0.016
0.006
0.010
VA: Lynchburg
7
0.020
0.005
0.011
VA: Richmond
9
0.019
0.004
0.009
VA: Virginia Beach
4
0.006
0.005
0.006
VT: Burlington
9
0.010
0.002
0.005
WA: Olympia
9
0.004
0.002
0.002
WA: Richland
8
0.009
0.003
0.006
WA: Seattle
2
0.003
0.002
0.002
WA: Spokane
7
0.013
0.006
0.009
WI: Lacrosse
4
0.015
0.006
0.008
WI: Madison
9
0.017
0.008
0.011
WI: Milwaukee
3
0.014
0.003
0.008
WI: Shawano
9
0.016
0.003
0.007
WV: Charleston
6
0.012
0.009
0.010
9
-------
Table 4
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
September 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
AK: Anchorage
7
0.004
0.001
0.002
AK: Fairbanks
7
0.004
0.001
0.002
AK: Juneau
6
0.003
0.001
0.001
AL: Birmingham
9
0.020
0.008
0.014
AL: Montgomery/408
8
0.029
0.006
0.014
AR: Fort Smith
4
0.018
0.013
0.015
AR: Little Rock
8
0.023
0.007
0.015
AZ: Phoenix/956
7
0.013
0.003
0.008
AZ: Tucson
8
0.009
0.004
0.007
CA: Anaheim
8
0.009
0.002
0.005
CA: Bakersfield
1
0.011
0.011
0.011
CA: Eureka
4
0.003
0.002
0.002
CA: Fresno
1
0.005
0.005
0.005
CA: Los Angeles
5
0.012
0.005
0.008
CA: Richmond
4
0.005
0.002
0.004
CA: Riverside
8
0.014
0.005
0.009
CA: Sacramento
9
0.006
0.002
0.004
CA: San Bernardino Cty.
4
0.020
0.007
0.014
CA: San Diego
4
0.010
0.005
0.007
CA: San Francisco
8
0.003
0.001
0.002
CA: San Jose
8
0.006
0.002
0.004
CO: Colorado Springs
3
0.013
0.008
0.010
CO: Denver
6
0.017
0.007
0.011
CO: Grand Junction
5
0.011
0.006
0.007
CT: Hartford
7
0.016
0.003
0.006
DC: Washington
8
0.021
0.004
0.008
DE: Dover
4
0.009
0.003
0.007
FL: Jacksonville
6
0.015
0.007
0.010
FL: Miami
3
0.007
0.004
0.006
FL: Orlando
3
0.004
0.003
0.004
FL: Tallahassee
3
0.012
0.003
0.007
FL: Tampa
1
0.003
0.003
0.003
GA: Atlanta
4
0.016
0.009
0.012
GA: Augusta
4
0.011
0.005
0.009
HI: Honolulu
8
0.003
0.001
0.002
IA: Des Moines
8
0.020
0.005
0.012
IA: Mason City
4
0.012
0.005
0.008
ID: Boise
3
0.008
0.004
0.006
10
-------
Table 4 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
September 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
ID: Idaho Falls
8
0.011
0.005
0.009
IL: Aurora
7
0.013
0.005
0.010
IL: Champaign
9
0.014
0.005
0.008
IL: Chicago
7
0.021
0.006
0.010
IN: Fort Wayne
5
0.020
0.008
0.014
IN: Indianapolis
9
0.023
0.006
0.012
KS: Kansas City
6
0.021
0.008
0.015
KS: Wichita
8
0.019
0.008
0.013
KY: Lexington
7
0.030
0.010
0.018
KY: Louisville
4
0.013
0.011
0.012
LA: Baton Rouge
6
0.014
0.003
0.009
LA: Shreveport
4
0.011
0.008
0.009
MA: Boston
9
0.014
0.001
0.005
MA: Worcester
9
0.016
0.003
0.007
MD: Baltimore
8
0.021
0.004
0.009
ME: Orono
3
0.009
0.005
0.007
ME: Portland
8
0.011
0.001
0.005
MI: Bay City 48708
8
0.012
0.003
0.006
MI: Detroit
6
0.017
0.005
0.010
MI: Grand Rapids
4
0.014
0.005
0.008
MN: Duluth
6
0.009
0.004
0.007
MN: St. Paul
4
0.012
0.005
0.008
MO: Jefferson City
9
0.018
0.007
0.012
MO: Springfield
8
0.019
0.006
0.013
MO: St. Louis
4
0.015
0.010
0.012
MS: Jackson/Deq
5
0.021
0.009
0.015
MT: Billings
4
0.011
0.006
0.009
NC: Charlotte
8
0.018
0.007
0.011
NC: Greensboro
1
0.009
0.009
0.009
NC: Wilmington
4
0.009
0.004
0.007
ND: Bismarck
8
0.014
0.005
0.010
NE: Kearney
7
0.015
0.007
0.010
NE: Lincoln
9
0.015
0.005
0.008
NE: Omaha
4
0.022
0.007
0.012
NH: Concord
6
0.021
0.001
0.007
NJ: Edison
7
0.019
0.003
0.008
NM: Albuquerque
4
0.014
0.008
0.010
NM: Carlsbad
4
0.012
0.007
0.009
11
-------
Table 4 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
September 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
NM: Navajo Lake St Park
4
0.010
0.007
0.008
NV: Las Vegas/913
8
0.008
0.003
0.006
NV: Reno
7
0.015
0.007
0.011
NY: Albany
8
0.020
0.003
0.008
NY: Lockport
9
0.018
0.003
0.007
NY: New York City
3
0.008
0.003
0.005
NY: Rochester
8
0.014
0.003
0.006
NY: Syracuse
2
0.005
0.004
0.005
NY: Yaphank
7
0.011
0.001
0.004
OH: Cincinnati
6
0.017
0.007
0.012
OH: Cleveland
8
0.016
0.003
0.008
OH: Painesville
6
0.014
0.005
0.010
OH: Toledo
9
0.015
0.003
0.007
OK: Oklahoma City
7
0.023
0.009
0.015
OK: Tulsa
8
0.016
0.008
0.012
OR: Corvallis
9
0.005
0.002
0.003
OR: Portland
8
0.004
0.001
0.003
PA: Bloomsburg
8
0.009
0.003
0.005
PA: Philadelphia
4
0.015
0.004
0.010
PA: Pittsburgh
5
0.015
0.007
0.010
PR: San Juan
9
0.009
0.002
0.005
RI: Providence
4
0.009
0.002
0.005
SC: Columbia
7
0.019
0.005
0.013
SD: Pierre
7
0.026
0.008
0.012
SD: Rapid City
6
0.014
0.006
0.010
TN: Knoxville
5
0.025
0.012
0.018
TN: Memphis
7
0.024
0.008
0.014
TN: Nashville
5
0.019
0.006
0.012
TN: Oak Ridge/Bethel
8
0.031
0.012
0.016
TN: Oak Ridge/K25
8
0.029
0.013
0.017
TN: Oak Ridge/Melton
8
0.024
0.009
0.014
TN: Oak Ridgc/Y12 E
8
0.029
0.011
0.016
TN: Oak Ridge12 W
8
0.026
0.011
0.016
TX: Amarillo
8
0.021
0.008
0.014
TX: Austin
5
0.011
0.005
0.008
TX: Dallas
5
0.021
0.010
0.014
TX: El Paso
9
0.015
0.005
0.012
TX: Ft. Worth
5
0.017
0.007
0.011
12
-------
Table 4 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
September 2013
NAREL Lab
Number
Measurement
of
Max
Min
Avj?
Location
Samples
(pCi/m3)
TX: Harlingen
2
0.008
0.007
0.008
TX: Houston
8
0.011
0.004
0.008
TX: Lubbock
5
0.002
0.001
0.001
TX: San Angelo
3
0.011
0.008
0.009
TX: San Antonio
8
0.009
0.003
0.006
UT: Salt Lake City
9
0.010
0.004
0.007
UT: St. George
4
0.012
0.006
0.010
VA: Harrisonburg
8
0.023
0.005
0.011
VA: Lynchburg
6
0.014
0.005
0.011
VA: Richmond
8
0.018
0.004
0.009
VA: Virginia Beach
2
0.006
0.003
0.005
VT: Burlington
5
0.007
0.002
0.004
WA: Olympia
6
0.005
0.001
0.003
WA: Richland
9
0.012
0.002
0.005
WA: Seattle
4
0.004
0.002
0.003
WA: Spokane
7
0.013
0.003
0.007
WI: Lacrosse
4
0.011
0.006
0.008
WI: Madison
8
0.016
0.004
0.008
WI: Milwaukee
4
0.005
0.003
0.004
WI: Shawano
9
0.012
0.003
0.007
WV: Charleston
6
0.017
0.005
0.013
13
-------
Table 5
Specific Gamma in Precipitation
July 2013
Location
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2m
AL: Montgomery/408
ND
CA: Richmond
Cs-137
2.1
1.9
CO: Denver
Be-7
26
17
CT: Hartford
Be-7
34
17
FL: Jacksonville
Be-7
40
17
GA: Atlanta
Be-7
38
19
MA: Boston
Be-7
99
19
MI: Lansing
Be-7
52
20
MN: St. Paul
Be-7
9.6
9.2
MN: Welch/510
Be-7
17
13
NC: Charlotte
Be-7
27
11
NC: Wilmington
Be-7
12.6
8.2
NH: Concord
Be-7
26
15
NY: Albany
Be-7
18
15
NY: Yaphank
ND
OH: Painesville
Be-7
45
14
PA: Harrisburg
Be-7
45
10
TN: Nashville
Be-7
47
20
TN: Oak Ridge/K25
Be-7
90
24
TN: Oak Ridge/Melton
Be-7
61
17
TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 E
Be-7
81
21
Cs-137
0.81
0.78
TX: Austin
ND
TX: El Paso
ND
UT: Salt Lake City
ND
VA: Lynchburg
ND
WA: Olympia
ND
14
-------
Table 6
Specific Gamma in Precipitation
August 2013
Location
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2m
AL: Montgomery/408
K-40
15
11
AR: Little Rock
K-40
15
13
CO: Denver
Be-7
23
21
CT: Hartford
Be-7
51
23
FL: Jacksonville
Be-7
33
13
GA: Atlanta
Be-7
63
23
K-40
16
12
HI: Honolulu
K-40
17
13
ID: Idaho Falls
ND
KS: Kansas City
ND
MA: Boston
Be-7
30
19
MI: Lansing
Be-7
34
20
K-40
14
12
MN: St. Paul
K-40
17
12
MN: Welch/510
K-40
20
13
NC: Charlotte
Be-7
19
14
NC: Wilmington
ND
NY: Albany
ND
OH: Painesville
Be-7
38
23
K-40
14
10
PA: Harrisburg
ND
TN: Nashville
Be-7
24
20
K-40
13
11
TN: Oak Ridge/K25
Be-7
74
25
TN: Oak Ridge/Melton
Be-7
37
23
TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 E
Be-7
53
23
VA: Lynchburg
ND
WA: Olympia
Be-7
22
21
15
-------
Table 7
Specific Gamma in Precipitation
September 2013
Location
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2m
AL: Montgomery/408
ND
CA: Richmond
ND
CO: Denver
Be-7
18
12
CT: Hartford
Be-7
36
13
FL: Jacksonville
Be-7
46
15
GA: Atlanta
ND
HI: Honolulu
Be-7
14
12
ID: Idaho Falls
ND
KS: Kansas City
ND
MA: Boston
Be-7
73
22
MI: Lansing
Be-7
25
19
MN: St. Paul
ND
MN: Welch/510
ND
NC: Charlotte
ND
NC: Wilmington
ND
NY: Albany
Be-7
20
20
OR: Portland
Ra-228
4.7
4.3
PA: Harrisburg
Be-7
40
22
TN: Knoxville
ND
TN: Nashville
K-40
14
11
TN: Oak Ridge/K25
Be-7
42
21
TN: Oak Ridge/Melton
Be-7
44
19
TN: Oak Ridge/Y12 E
Be-7
23
12
TX: Austin
ND
TX: El Paso
ND
UT: Salt Lake City
Be-7
30
16
VA: Lynchburg
ND
WA: Olympia
Be-7
22
20
16
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates
Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are determined by the analysis of
annually composited samples (air filters) collected from the airborne particulate samplers.
Plutonium and uranium results are published in the ERD for the third quarter of the following year.
Concentrations of plutonium-238, combined plutonium-239 and 240, and uranium-234, 235, and
238 are determined by alpha-particle spectrometry following chemical separation. The total
volume of air represented by all the samples received from one sampling location during a year
typically ranges from 120,000 m3 to 500,000 m3. The aliquot analyzed is a fraction of the total
volume and is typically between 5,000 m3 and 30,000 m3.
17
-------
Table 8
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates
January-December 2012 Composites
»8pu
239-240pu
234U
235U
238U
Location
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ± 2m
AK: Anchorage
0.1 2.2
0.4 1.3
8.9 4.3
0.9 1.9
11.1 4.9
AK: Fairbanks
-0.2 1.2
0.10 0.88
7.2 3.0
0.32 0.93
7.1 3.0
AK: Juneau
-0.04 0.42
0.09 0.39
1.36 0.73
0.10 0.30
1.05 0.66
AL: Birmingham
0.1 1.2
0.11 0.97
16.8 5.8
0.8 2.7
15.5 5.3
AL: Montgomery/408
-0.3 1.0
0.17 0.74
8.9 3.4
0.7 1.2
10.2 3.7
AR: Fort Smith
0.74 0.80
0.05 0.49
17.1 4.9
1.3 1.4
15.0 4.5
AR: Little Rock
-0.24 0.38
0.05 0.44
16.9 4.3
1.9 1.6
13.9 3.9
AZ: Phoenix
1.4 5.0
-1.0 2.5
38 13
1.7 3.7
45 14
AZ: Phoenix/956
-0.4 3.5
-0.4 2.4
42 14
1.9 4.0
53 16
AZ: Tucson
-0.5 1.2
0.0 1.5
51 13
4.6 3.8
41 11
AZ: Yuma
0.4 5.0
-1.7 3.3
70 23
5.6 7.6
89 27
CA: Anaheim
0.2 2.3
0.3 1.5
26.1 7.7
1.1 1.9
24.3 7.4
CA: Bakersfield
0.0 2.1
-0.3 1.1
88 18
2.9 2.9
78 16
CA: Eureka
-0.38 0.71
0.10 0.87
3.1 1.8
0.9 1.3
3.6 2.0
CA: Fresno
1.3 1.6
-0.10 0.93
48 10
2.6 2.3
43.6 9.6
CA: Los Angeles
-0.2 1.7
0.9 1.9
17.7 5.9
2.4 2.4
18.0 6.0
CA: Richmond
0.24 0.53
0.44 0.60
5.8 2.1
0.76 0.87
4.1 1.7
CA: Riverside
0.5 1.3
-0.35 0.66
35.8 8.1
0.6 1.3
26.4 6.7
CA: Sacramento
0.47 0.96
-0.07 0.44
13.5 3.7
1.8 1.4
11.0 3.3
CA: San Bernardino Cty.
1.2 3.3
0.0 1.9
42 14
0.8 3.4
31 12
CA: San Diego
0.12 0.87
0.06 0.53
15.8 4.0
1.4 1.3
14.1 3.8
CA: San Francisco
0.7 1.1
-0.29 0.54
4.3 1.8
0.60 0.82
5.8 2.1
CA: San Jose
-0.05 0.51
0.00 0.34
9.8 3.1
0.00 0.51
9.3 3.0
CO: Colorado Springs
-2.6 3.0
0.5 2.4
37 12
1.6 3.4
39 12
CO: Denver
-0.3 1.3
1.1 1.7
20.1 6.0
0.3 1.3
26.0 7.0
CO: Grand Junction
0.4 2.3
-0.2 1.4
34 10
0.5 2.2
34 10
CT: Hartford
-0.35 0.65
-0.20 0.38
8.3 2.4
0.70 0.76
6.4 2.0
DC: Washington
0.00 0.56
0.14 0.53
5.5 2.1
0.96 0.96
9.1 2.7
DE: Dover
-0.05 0.33
-0.10 0.34
5.6 2.2
0.15 0.66
5.7 2.3
FL: Jacksonville
0.26 0.72
0.26 0.72
10.6 3.5
0.7 1.1
7.6 2.9
FL: Miami
-0.1 1.1
-0.11 0.75
12.7 4.9
0.9 1.9
16.7 5.6
FL: Orlando
-0.09 0.60
0.54 0.95
9.2 3.2
0.45 0.97
8.6 3.1
FL: Tallahassee
-0.28 0.50
-0.14 0.34
10.2 3.0
1.7 1.3
11.5 3.3
FL: Tampa
-0.82 0.97
0.1 1.4
38.5 9.2
2.3 2.3
38.7 9.2
GA: Atlanta
0.39 0.84
0.00 0.73
11.8 3.6
0.8 1.2
10.5 3.3
GA: Augusta
-0.37 0.58
0.8 1.0
15.7 4.7
3.1 2.2
14.9 4.5
HI: Hilo
0.5 1.1
-0.17 0.60
1.2 1.2
0.16 0.71
1.6 1.3
HI: Honolulu
-0.27 0.66
0.4 1.0
2.9 1.7
0.00 0.81
1.7 1.3
IA: Des Moines
0.3 1.1
0.49 0.87
26.0 7.1
3.4 2.6
21.3 6.3
IA: Mason City
-0.6 1.1
-0.6 1.1
21.3 6.8
2.1 2.4
18.8 6.4
Note: NA = No Analysis
18
-------
Table 8 (continued)
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates
January-December 2012 Composites
»8pu
239-240pu
234U
235U
238U
Location
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ± 2m
ID: Boise
-0.10 0.50
0.10 0.45
8.8 2.4
0.71 0.76
5.9 1.9
ID: Idaho Falls
-1.0 2.1
0.6 1.8
27.8 9.4
3.6 3.9
26.6 9.2
IL: Aurora
-0.4 1.5
-0.4 1.1
14.1 6.4
1.8 2.8
17.0 6.8
IL: Champaign
-0.2 1.1
-0.19 0.65
10.1 3.6
0.7 1.4
11.4 3.8
IL: Chicago
0.0 1.6
0.0 1.3
11.8 5.7
4.4 4.0
17.6 6.8
IN: Fort Wayne
-0.48 0.75
-0.39 0.72
16.0 5.4
0.4 1.3
18.0 5.7
IN: Indianapolis
0.09 0.87
-0.19 0.66
13.7 4.8
2.4 2.3
8.3 3.7
KS: Kansas City
1.3 1.2
0.07 0.80
27.4 7.2
3.4 2.7
24.0 6.7
KS: Topeka
-0.5 1.2
-0.2 1.1
26.9 7.8
3.7 3.3
23.8 7.3
KS: Wichita
1.2 1.4
0.8 1.1
39 10
5.6 4.0
31.4 9.0
KY: Lexington
0.08 0.71
-0.08 0.52
16.3 5.0
0.1 1.1
11.4 4.1
KY: Louisville
0.27 0.74
0.47 0.84
11.9 3.6
-0.08 0.79
9.8 3.2
LA: Baton Rouge
0.2 1.5
0.0 1.0
26.1 8.5
1.5 2.7
19.6 7.2
LA: Shreveport
-0.20 0.96
0.5 1.1
11.6 4.2
2.1 2.0
9.1 3.7
MA: Boston
0.00 0.41
0.14 0.38
7.1 2.1
1.04 0.90
6.9 2.0
MA: Worcester
0.2 1.2
0.11 0.97
31.3 8.2
2.7 2.9
28.2 7.6
MD: Baltimore
0.73 0.71
0.24 0.43
7.1 2.2
0.33 0.58
5.8 2.0
ME: Orono
0.29 0.69
0.05 0.44
7.2 2.4
1.7 1.3
7.7 2.5
ME: Portland
0.1 1.2
-0.09 0.87
38.9 8.7
2.6 2.2
32.2 7.7
MI: Bay City 48708
-0.65 0.77
-0.19 0.64
12.0 3.7
0.09 0.85
12.0 3.7
MI: Detroit
-0.4 1.0
0.00 0.64
18.2 5.5
0.3 1.2
14.1 4.8
MI: Grand Rapids
0.00 0.85
-0.07 0.48
8.6 3.1
0.7 1.2
8.3 3.1
MI: Lansing
0.5 1.8
-0.36 0.86
13.9 5.2
1.6 2.3
14.8 5.0
MN: Duluth
0.29 0.69
-0.05 0.32
4.4 1.8
0.00 0.56
2.9 1.5
MN: St. Paul
0.1 1.5
-0.11 0.76
13.0 4.9
0.3 1.4
11.0 4.5
MO: Jefferson City
-0.2 1.3
-0.26 0.63
11.0 3.8
1.5 1.7
12.7 4.1
MO: Springfield
0.7 2.2
0.6 1.3
14.6 4.7
0.6 1.3
13.9 4.6
MO: St. Louis
0.34 0.77
0.15 0.54
16.2 4.2
2.2 1.6
14.5 3.9
MS: Jackson/Deq
0.5 1.2
-0.46 0.72
19.5 6.0
0.7 1.5
23.5 6.6
MT: Billings
-1.3 2.5
2.3 4.1
48 15
3.5 4.8
36 13
NC: Charlotte
-0.15 0.54
-0.15 0.54
10.8 3.5
0.9 1.3
8.9 3.2
NC: Raleigh
-0.20 0.51
-0.25 0.39
8.2 2.6
1.3 1.2
10.0 2.9
NC: Wilmington
0.19 0.62
0.05 0.43
6.1 2.2
-0.23 0.71
5.8 2.1
ND: Bismarck
1.7 2.6
0.0 2.0
19.9 7.7
2.0 3.1
24.9 8.7
NE: Kearney
-0.2 2.5
-0.8 1.6
21.0 7.3
1.7 2.7
28.4 8.7
NE: Lincoln
-1.1 1.6
-0.4 1.5
30 10
2.6 3.5
29 10
NE: Omaha
-0.45 0.93
0.45 0.97
24.5 6.9
2.0 2.2
28.8 7.6
NH: Concord
0.12 0.45
0.03 0.28
7.8 1.9
0.47 0.50
9.5 2.2
NJ: Edison
0.19 0.49
-0.04 0.25
7.3 2.2
0.73 0.88
6.4 2.0
NJ: Trenton
-0.16 0.54
0.16 0.47
9.8 2.9
2.2 1.4
8.1 2.6
Note: NA = No Analysis
19
-------
Table 8 (continued)
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates
January-December 2012 Composites
238pu
239-240pu
234U
235U
238U
aCi/ ±2«
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ± 2m
Location
m3
NM: Albuquerque
-0.5 1.6
0.2 1.5
29.0 8.8
1.3 2.3
23.3 7.8
NM: Carlsbad
-1.3 1.3
0.1 1.3
34 10
3.6 3.8
20.2 7.5
NM: Navajo Lake/St Park
-0.13 0.76
0.13 0.57
19.3 5.4
1.0 1.4
17.6 5.1
NV: Las Vegas/913
0.5 1.4
0.34 0.93
31.1 7.2
2.5 2.1
29.5 7.0
NV: Reno
-0.5 1.3
0.0 1.1
23.2 6.9
1.8 2.3
18.4 6.1
NY: Albany
0.5 1.2
0.15 0.67
14.0 4.0
0.7 1.0
10.7 3.4
NY: Lockport
0.33 0.59
0.66 0.68
5.6 1.7
0.59 0.64
7.5 2.1
NY: New York City
0.57 0.73
0.24 0.51
10.1 2.9
1.3 1.1
10.5 3.0
NY: Rochester
0.00 0.46
0.00 0.32
6.1 2.0
1.23 0.95
7.8 2.3
NY: Syracuse
0.00 0.40
0.10 0.30
7.8 2.2
1.22 0.93
10.1 2.6
NY: Yaphank
0.22 0.60
0.19 0.40
6.9 2.1
1.5 1.0
5.5 1.8
OH: Cincinnati
-0.27 0.65
-0.36 0.68
10.8 3.6
1.3 1.5
9.7 3.3
OH: Cleveland
0.4 2.1
-0.14 0.93
13.8 5.2
0.7 1.8
15.2 5.4
OH: Painesville
0.42 0.89
0.21 0.61
8.1 3.0
0.34 0.95
9.6 3.2
OH: Toledo
-0.1 1.6
0.1 1.1
11.7 4.5
0.7 1.5
9.6 4.0
OK: Oklahoma City
0.2 1.5
-0.41 0.76
21.9 6.6
1.7 2.1
24.1 7.1
OK: Tulsa
1.0 2.2
1.0 1.8
23.7 8.2
0.7 2.0
22.5 7.9
OR: Corvallis
0.00 0.88
-0.15 0.74
4.3 1.8
0.06 0.59
5.6 2.1
OR: Portland
-0.45 0.69
-0.09 0.59
6.0 2.3
0.30 0.82
5.3 2.1
PA: Bloomsburg
0.38 0.66
0.31 0.68
8.4 2.9
0.24 0.71
9.0 3.0
PA: Harrisburg
-0.13 0.52
0.13 0.37
3.5 1.4
0.72 0.74
3.8 1.4
PA: Philadelphia
0.00 0.73
0.19 0.69
11.3 3.7
0.28 0.82
8.1 3.1
PA: Pittsburgh
-0.28 0.52
-0.07 0.46
13.4 4.5
1.1 1.5
16.1 5.1
PR: San Juan
1.4 1.8
0.00 0.60
21.0 5.8
0.6 1.5
19.8 5.6
RI: Providence
-0.15 0.28
0.11 0.32
8.0 2.3
1.6 1.1
7.5 2.2
SC: Barnwell
-0.15 0.31
0.09 0.34
5.2 1.7
0.39 0.67
5.3 1.6
SC: Columbia
0.26 0.72
0.00 0.62
14.6 4.0
1.4 1.3
12.6 3.6
SD: Pierre
0.4 2.4
-0.6 1.6
27.7 9.9
4.0 4.4
33 11
SD: Rapid City
2.1 3.7
0.7 2.1
26 10
-0.6 2.1
32 11
TN: Knoxville
-0.29 0.70
0.10 0.88
11.3 3.9
0.9 1.4
8.0 3.2
TN: Memphis
-0.41 0.76
-0.2 1.0
16.5 6.1
2.0 2.5
21.8 7.1
TN: Nashville
0.4 1.2
0.00 0.89
15.7 4.6
-0.22 0.75
7.6 3.1
TN: Oak Ridge/Bethel
-0.21 0.54
-0.16 0.38
12.2 4.1
-0.11 0.72
6.8 2.9
TN: Oak Ridge/K25
0.35 0.63
0.13 0.39
22.5 5.1
2.0 1.5
5.1 2.1
TN: Oak Ridge/Melton
0.15 0.57
0.31 0.54
6.8 2.3
0.62 0.87
4.8 1.9
TN: Oak Ridgc/Y 12 E
0.17 0.64
0.00 0.36
25.5 5.8
0.50 0.88
5.9 2.4
TN: Oak Ridgc/Y 12 W
0.42 0.65
0.11 0.47
48.1 9.3
4.3 2.3
9.8 3.2
TX: Austin
0.7 1.1
0.28 0.76
17.3 4.7
2.5 1.9
13.6 4.0
TX: Dallas
0.6 1.1
0.07 0.65
13.3 4.7
4.1 2.9
17.8 5.4
TX: El Paso
0.0 1.9
-0.4 1.4
69 18
3.2 4.5
43 14
Note: NA = No Analysis
20
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Table 8 (continued)
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates
January-December 2012 Composites
»8pu
239-240pu
234U
235U
238U
Location
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ±2u
aCi/m3 ± 2m
TX: Ft. Worth
0.3 1.0
0.6 1.1
22.3 6.7
1.9 2.2
22.9 6.8
TX: Harlingen
0.44 0.93
0.07 0.67
20.8 5.8
2.1 2.0
14.6 4.7
TX: Houston
0.31 0.67
-0.12 0.43
14.1 4.3
2.1 1.8
20.5 5.4
TX: Laredo
-0.13 0.77
-0.19 0.47
11.7 3.6
1.0 1.2
12.8 3.8
TX: Lubbock
0.4 1.7
0.1 1.2
40.0 9.6
2.7 2.6
30.1 8.1
TX: SanAngelo
0.8 1.2
-0.44 0.68
26.0 7.0
1.3 2.0
22.6 6.6
TX: San Antonio
-0.43 0.58
0.29 0.79
19.5 5.5
3.2 2.3
13.5 4.4
UT: Salt Lake City
0.4 1.8
2.0 3.1
28.5 8.9
2.0 2.8
31.9 9.6
UT: St. George
-0.5 1.7
0.7 1.9
23.1 7.9
0.4 2.0
25.6 8.3
VA: Harrisonburg
0.06 0.54
-0.12 0.41
6.1 2.5
0.27 0.79
6.7 2.7
VA: Lynchburg
-0.31 0.64
0.24 0.79
13.8 3.8
1.0 1.1
5.7 2.4
VA: Richmond
0.21 0.60
0.41 0.73
11.9 3.5
0.33 0.90
10.1 3.2
VA: Virginia Beach
-0.13 0.46
0.46 0.83
10.3 3.2
1.7 1.5
8.8 2.8
VT: Burlington
-0.17 0.40
-0.06 0.37
5.4 2.0
0.55 0.76
6.2 2.2
WA: Olympia
-0.19 0.47
0.39 0.69
2.7 1.4
0.11 0.51
1.7 1.1
WA: Richland
-0.3 1.2
0.3 1.1
14.4 5.1
1.7 2.1
14.2 5.2
WA: Seattle
0.14 0.70
0.00 0.30
3.1 1.2
-0.08 0.28
1.40 0.83
WA: Spokane
0.3 1.0
0.14 0.78
9.5 3.3
2.8 1.9
12.2 3.8
WI: Madison
-1.3 1.6
-0.6 1.4
25.5 9.9
1.9 4.3
28.0 9.9
WI: Milwaukee
0.7 1.6
0.31 0.89
12.0 4.1
0.7 1.2
8.7 3.4
WI: Shawano
0.37 0.77
-0.24 0.46
6.5 2.2
0.36 0.83
4.0 1.7
WV: Charleston
-0.46 0.82
0.00 0.49
11.8 3.8
1.1 1.3
9.5 3.4
Note: NA = No Analysis
21
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22
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2. Drinking Water Program
The RadNet drinking water program provides data on radionuclide concentrations in the nation's
drinking water supplies. Sampling sites are either major population centers or selected nuclear
facility environs.
Drinking water data are used to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations. The analysis
scheme for RadNet samples is similar to that of EPA's "National Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations." The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis; (b) gross alpha, gross
beta, and gamma on annual composites; (c) radium-226 if the gross alpha exceeds 2 pCi/L and
radium-228 if the radium-226 falls between 3 and 5 pCi/L on annual composites; (d) iodine-131
on one quarterly sample per year for each station; (e) plutonium-238, combined plutonium-239
and 240, and uranium-234, 235, and 238 for stations that demonstrate gross alpha levels greater
than 2 pCi/L on annual composites; and (f) strontium-90 on one-fourth of the annual composites
on a four year rotating schedule. Composite results are published in the ERD for the third quarter of
the following year.
RadNet drinking water data should not be used to monitor compliance with drinking water regu-
lations or for comparisons to those data since different procedures for collection and analysis
may be used.
23
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Table 9
Tritium in Drinking Water
July-September 2013
Date
3H
Location
Collected
pCi/L ± 2u
AK: Fairbanks
07/30/13
0 81
AL: Dothan
07/09/13
21 83
AL: Montgomery
07/08/13
23 84
AL: Muscle Shoals
07/02/13
30 80
AL: Scottsboro
07/01/13
4 79
AR: Little Rock
07/02/13
-39 77
CO: Denver
07/08/13
27 84
CT: Hartford
07/02/13
50 85
DE: Dover
08/01/13
-47 79
FL: Tampa
07/11/13
-17 82
GA: Baxley
07/16/13
50 84
GA: Savannah
09/11/13
-32 91
HI: Honolulu
08/12/13
-53 78
IA: Cedar Rapids
07/10/13
17 83
ID: Boise
07/08/13
8 83
ID: Idaho Falls
07/18/13
11 81
IL: W. Chicago
08/05/13
13 80
KS: Topeka
07/29/13
-24 80
LA: New Orleans
07/01/13
19 79
MD: Baltimore
07/08/13
98 87
MD: Conowingo
07/09/13
13 83
MI: Detroit
07/02/13
115 84
MN: St. Paul
07/10/13
0 82
MN: Welch
07/10/13
-2 82
MO: Jefferson City
07/01/13
-49 76
MS: Jackson
07/30/13
-2 80
MS: Port Gibson
07/30/13
00
t"-
o
1
MT: Helena
07/23/13
24 82
ND: Bismarck
07/01/13
69 85
NE: Lincoln
07/03/13
66 86
NJ: Trenton
07/17/13
60 83
NJ: Waretown
07/22/13
-56 78
NY: New York City
09/10/13
-46 77
OH: Cincinnati
07/11/13
167 90
OH: Columbus
07/22/13
67 83
OH: E. Liverpool
07/24/13
244 91
OH: Painesville
08/08/13
15 82
OR: Portland
09/27/13
-58 90
PA: Columbia
07/03/13
12 79
PA: Harrisburg
07/03/13
-11 78
24
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Table 9 (continued)
Tritium in Drinking Water
July-September 2013
Date
3H
Location
Collected
pCi/L ± 2m
PA: Pittsburgh
07/23/13
22 82
RI: Providence
07/02/13
13 83
SC: Columbia
07/15/13
0 82
SC: Jenkinsville
07/08/13
-6 82
SC: Seneca
07/08/13
29 85
TN: Knoxville
07/18/13
29 82
TN: Oak Ridge/#360
07/02/13
-2 79
TN: OakRidge/#371
07/02/13
-9 79
TN: Oak Ridge/#4442
07/02/13
12 79
TN: Oak Ridge/#768
07/02/13
81 86
TN: Oak Ridge/#772
07/02/13
-27 78
TX: Austin
07/22/13
7 81
WA: Richland
08/07/13
11 81
WI: Madison
07/03/13
-19 78
25
-------
Table 10
Plutonium and Uranium Analyses
Selected Drinking Water Composite Samples
January-December 2012
»8pu
239-240pu
234U
235U
238U
Location
pCi/L± 2 u
pCi/L± 2m
pCi/L± 2 u
pCi/L± 2 u
pCi/L± 2u
AK: Fairbanks
-0.037 0.046
0.000 0.039
0.144 0.083
0.013 0.037
0.158 0.086
CA: Los Angeles
0.042 0.065
0.025 0.053
1.48 0.28
0.058 0.062
1.00 0.22
CO: Denver
0.000 0.048
0.008 0.037
0.103 0.071
0.008 0.036
0.043 0.051
CT: Hartford
-0.004 0.028
-0.012 0.030
-0.010 0.053
0.004 0.037
0.071 0.067
GA: Baxley
0.004 0.037
-0.004 0.027
0.059 0.091
0.000 0.066
0.12 0.10
IL: Morris
-0.024 0.037
-0.005 0.032
0.40 0.16
0.011 0.051
0.057 0.065
IL: W. Chicago
0.000 0.051
0.074 0.070
0.096 0.076
-0.005 0.033
0.025 0.044
LA: New Orleans
0.006 0.043
0.000 0.020
0.54 0.16
0.037 0.050
0.42 0.14
MD: Conowingo
0.000 0.027
-0.004 0.028
3.43 0.47
0.077 0.077
1.52 0.28
MI: Detroit
0.058 0.074
0.012 0.043
0.051 0.065
0.015 0.044
0.102 0.077
MN: Welch
0.011 0.039
-0.004 0.023
0.065 0.065
0.000 0.033
0.065 0.071
NC: Charlotte
0.041 0.081
0.008 0.037
0.058 0.068
-0.005 0.033
0.025 0.060
NE: Lincoln
0.007 0.038
0.017 0.037
4.21 0.54
0.21 0.11
2.66 0.40
OH: E. Liverpool
0.029 0.052
0.000 0.026
0.029 0.045
0.019 0.042
0.026 0.040
SC: Jenkinsville
-0.032 0.029
-0.006 0.022
4.66 0.65
0.082 0.082
1.73 0.34
TN: Chattanooga
0.05 0.15
0.06 0.11
0.06 0.11
0.04 0.11
0.13 0.16
WI: Madison
0.042 0.058
0.016 0.041
0.91 0.21
0.038 0.051
0.098 0.071
Note: NA = No Analysis
26
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Table 11
Drinking Water
Alpha, Beta, and Sr-90 Concentrations
Composites
January-December 2012
Total
Gross
Gross
Solids
Beta
Alpha
90Sr
Location
(mg/L)
pCi/L ± 2«
pCi/L ± 2u
pCi/L ± 2u
AK: Fairbanks
49.3
4.5 3.0
2.2 5.6
-0.40 0.58
AL: Dothan
48.4
3.2 2.0
0.8 3.6
AL: Montgomery
34.7
1.1 1.1
0.1 1.7
AL: Muscle Shoals
58.3
2.5 1.3
1.5 2.6
AL: Scottsboro
56.0
1.3 1.2
0.0 2.4
AR: Little Rock
17.5
0.4 1.3
0.3 1.7
CA: Los Angeles
111.2
5.6 2.0
3.9 5.6
CA: Richmond
32.6
0.0 1.3
-0.7 1.9
CO: Denver
26.6
2.5 2.8
3.4 4.4
CT: Hartford
11.8
4.0 2.8
2.4 3.5
0.18 0.84
DE: Dover
63.8
5.6 3.1
0.1 6.5
0.12 0.33
FL: Tampa
51.8
1.8 2.8
-0.7 5.4
GA: Baxley
43.7
0.4 2.6
2.2 5.1
GA: Savannah
87.5
2.2 1.3
0.3 3.4
HI: Honolulu
53.3
2.6 2.8
-1.4 5.2
0.02 0.26
IA: Cedar Rapids
71.2
2.4 1.6
0.4 3.6
ID: Boise
22.3
1.6 2.6
-0.3 3.5
0.00 0.29
ID: Idaho Falls
60.7
1.7 2.8
1.8 6.3
0.71 0.80
IL: Morris
40.6
6.8 5.7
7 10
IL: W. Chicago
47.6
12.6 3.8
2.4 5.6
KS: Topeka
60.0
9.5 3.5
-0.3 5.9
LA: New Orleans
60.2
4.1 3.1
2.4 6.7
MD: Baltimore
26.3
3.1 2.8
0.9 3.8
0.01 0.44
MD: Conowingo
28.2
5.9 3.0
3.9 4.4
0.08 0.29
MI: Detroit
16.0
2.6 5.3
3.1 7.1
MN: St. Paul
53.1
2.3 1.9
-0.8 3.4
MN: Welch
74.9
5.3 3.3
12.2 9.7
MO: Jefferson City
49.7
4.0 3.0
-0.9 5.2
MS: Jackson
43.7
3.6 1.4
1.3 2.2
MS: Port Gibson
64.0
5.6 3.1
1.2 6.6
MT: Helena
45.4
2.7 1.5
0.3 2.6
NC: Charlotte
13.9
0.7 2.6
5.7 4.2
ND: Bismarck
46.2
2.8 3.3
1.7 6.0
NE: Lincoln
64.5
13.3 4.0
9.7 8.4
NH: Concord
26.0
0.8 1.7
0.4 2.5
0.24 0.31
NJ: Trenton
69.6
1.6 1.2
0.0 2.8
-0.18 0.32
NJ: Waretown
43.1
3.3 1.3
0.6 2.0
0.48 0.38
27
-------
Table 11 (continued)
Drinking Water
Alpha, Beta, and Sr-90 Concentrations
Composites
January-December 2012
Total
Gross
Gross
Solids
Beta
Alpha
90Sr
Location
(mg/L)
pCi/L ± 2«
pCi/L ± 2u
pCi/L ± 2u
NM: Santa Fe
41.6
1.9 1.9
0.4 3.1
NY: Albany
22.8
-0.5 2.3
-0.7 3.3
0.09 0.29
NY: New York City
29.6
1.2 1.1
0.0 1.5
-0.03 0.35
NY: Niagara Falls
33.6
2.6 2.7
0.2 4.1
0.54 0.37
NY: Syracuse
75.1
1.5 1.2
-0.1 2.8
0.15 0.62
OH: Cincinnati
58.8
2.8 2.0
-0.3 4.0
OH: Columbus
73.9
4.0 2.2
1.4 5.1
OH: E. Liverpool
60.9
1.9 1.9
2.0 4.4
OH: Painesville
55.1
2.4 2.0
0.4 4.0
OH: Toledo
48.2
1.4 1.4
-0.4 2.5
OR: Portland
21.3
0.0 1.3
0.1 1.7
-0.04 0.37
PA: Columbia
68.6
2.9 1.3
-0.2 2.7
0.12 0.30
PA: Harrisburg
56.7
2.2 1.5
1.5 3.2
-0.04 0.64
PA: Philadelphia/Baxter
17.1
2.0 5.0
1.0 6.6
PA: Philadelphia/Belmont
46.6
3.7 2.9
1.9 5.5
PA: Philadelphia/Queen
28.0
8.0 5.7
0.4 7.6
PA: Pittsburgh
36.7
3.0 2.7
0.7 4.3
RI: Providence
39.3
0.8 1.3
0.9 2.3
0.06 0.33
SC: Barnwell
22.7
1.5 1.2
1.1 1.6
SC: Columbia
36.4
3.6 1.3
0.2 1.7
SC: Jenkinsville
81.0
4.1 1.5
6.6 4.4
SC: Seneca
17.4
1.6 1.1
0.2 1.3
TN: Chattanooga
3.4
3 24
3 28
TN: Knoxville
64.6
2.1 1.3
0.8 2.8
TN: Oak Ridge/#360
25.3
2.5 2.7
0.2 3.7
-0.06 0.38
TN: OakRidge/#371
35.6
1.6 2.7
0.8 4.3
0.11 0.34
TN: Oak Ridge/#4442
32.5
2.8 2.8
-0.3 4.0
0.23 0.36
TN: Oak Ridge/#768
34.8
1.9 2.7
1.8 4.5
0.01 0.38
TN: Oak Ridge/#772
32.4
2.2 2.8
0.8 4.2
0.07 0.28
TX: Austin
71.7
3.9 1.7
-0.3 3.5
VA: Ashland
43.9
3.6 1.4
0.4 2.0
VA: Lynchburg
30.4
2.0 1.2
1.1 1.8
WA: Richland
39.6
0.7 1.4
0.6 2.4
0.16 0.30
WI: Madison
36.8
1.3 5.2
6.5 9.5
28
-------
Table 12
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2u
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
AK: Fairbanks
0.041 0.064
NA
Co-60
-0.1 4.2
Cs-137
0.22 0.96
K-40
11 14
Ra-228
6.2 5.0
AL: Dothan
NA
NA
Co-60
0.23 0.72
Cs-137
0.02 0.88
K-40
-9 14
Ra-228
-0.7 3.9
AL: Montgomery
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.1 2.8
Cs-137
0.52 0.90
K-40
3 11
Ra-228
-2.9 7.6
AL: Muscle Shoals
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.01 0.66
Cs-137
0.0 8.7
K-40
-5 12
Ra-228
0.4 3.6
AL: Scottsboro
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.3 4.5
Cs-137
0.41 0.86
K-40
8 11
Ra-228
-1.0 4.3
AR: Little Rock
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.6 1.2
Cs-137
-0.1 1.8
K-40
8 11
Ra-228
-1.1 4.3
CA: Los Angeles
0.025 0.093
NA
Co-60
-0.1 4.2
Cs-137
-0.02 0.94
K-40
3 11
Ra-228
-1.6 5.7
CA: Richmond
NA
NA
Co-60
0.04 0.82
Cs-137
0.31 0.89
K-40
7 13
Ra-228
1.5 3.4
CO: Denver
0.046 0.087
NA
Co-60
0 29
Cs-137
-0.17 0.94
K-40
-3 15
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
29
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2m
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
CO: Denver
0.046 0.087
NA
Ra-228
2.2 4.5
CT: Hartford
0.000 0.029
NA
Co-60
-0.3 3.6
Cs-137
0.38 0.83
K-40
-14 20
Ra-228
-0.8 4.0
DE: Dover
NA
NA
Co-60
0.42 0.74
Cs-137
0.12 0.94
K-40
-9 14
Ra-228
-1.0 4.5
FL: Tampa
NA
NA
Co-60
0.27 0.66
Cs-137
0.15 0.94
K-40
5 11
Ra-228
-0.6 4.0
GA: Baxley
2.13 0.42
NA
Co-60
0.14 0.79
Cs-137
0.35 0.82
K-40
1 12
Ra-228
-1.8 5.5
GA: Savannah
NA
NA
Co-60
0.20 0.75
Cs-137
0.32 0.91
K-40
-2 11
Ra-228
3.5 4.1
HI: Honolulu
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.4 1.6
Cs-137
0.49 0.88
K-40
-10 16
Ra-228
-2.2 6.8
IA: Cedar Rapids
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.3 2.9
Cs-137
0.00 0.78
K-40
-8 13
Ra-228
-0.4 3.8
ID: Boise
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.2 2.5
Cs-137
0.0 1.2
K-40
16 12
Ra-228
-1.4 5.4
ID: Idaho Falls
NA
NA
Co-60
0.28 0.68
Cs-137
0.09 0.93
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
30
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2m
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
ID: Idaho Falls
NA
NA
K-40
-6 13
Ra-228
-0.8 4.5
IL: Morris
1.08 0.28
NA
Co-60
-0.7 1.6
Cs-137
-0.31 0.99
K-40
-6 12
Ra-228
0.7 3.3
IL: W. Chicago
0.39 0.16
NA
Co-60
-0.3 3.8
Cs-137
0.0 1.0
K-40
9 12
Ra-228
-2.4 6.9
KS: Topeka
NA
NA
Co-60
0.41 0.71
Cs-137
-0.22 0.94
K-40
-5 12
Ra-228
-4 13
LA: New Orleans
0.044 0.059
NA
Co-60
0 39
Cs-137
0.13 0.86
K-40
-1 14
Ra-228
-2.2 6.1
MD: Baltimore
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.1 5.0
Cs-137
0.27 0.71
K-40
-17 19
Ra-228
-1.0 4.5
MD: Conowingo
0.28 0.13
NA
Co-60
0.13 0.56
Cs-137
-0.41 0.91
K-40
-2 15
Ra-228
-1.5 5.1
MI: Detroit
0.060 0.068
NA
Co-60
-0.3 3.0
Cs-137
-0.4 1.0
K-40
-16 20
Ra-228
-1.2 4.9
MN: St. Paul
NA
NA
Co-60
0.05 0.82
Cs-137
-0.65 0.99
K-40
2 12
Ra-228
2.3 4.5
MN: Welch
1.01 0.27
NA
Co-60
-0.2 7.4
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
31
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2m
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
MN: Welch
1.01 0.27
NA
Cs-137
0.26 0.88
K-40
9 13
Ra-228
1.9 3.8
MO: Jefferson City
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.3 3.7
Cs-137
0.09 0.64
K-40
-1 11
Ra-228
0.4 3.7
MS: Jackson
NA
NA
Co-60
0.14 0.64
Cs-137
0.20 0.64
K-40
-4 12
Ra-228
-0.5 4.2
MS: Port Gibson
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.4 1.2
Cs-137
-0.1 1.5
K-40
-8 14
Ra-228
-1.3 5.2
MT: Helena
NA
NA
Co-60
0.03 0.66
Cs-137
-0.11 0.90
K-40
0 11
Ra-228
1.6 4.1
NC: Charlotte
0.065 0.083
NA
Co-60
0.2 2.0
Cs-137
0 380
K-40
-33 43
Ra-228
-1.8 9.3
Th-227
9.1 9.0
ND: Bismarck
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.2 2.6
Cs-137
-0.67 0.98
K-40
-0.5 9.0
Ra-228
-1.4 5.3
NE: Lincoln
0.15 0.12
NA
Co-60
0.14 0.83
Cs-137
-0.01 0.68
K-40
5 13
Ra-228
2.3 4.5
NH: Concord
NA
NA
Co-60
1.8 2.1
Cs-137
-1 20
K-40
-30 43
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
32
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2m
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
NH: Concord
NA
NA
Ra-228
-5 15
NJ: Trenton
NA
NA
Co-60
0 17
Cs-137
0.02 0.71
K-40
0 12
Ra-228
4.4 5.0
NJ: Waretown
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.4 2.1
Cs-137
0.16 0.64
K-40
-8 13
Ra-228
0.3 3.4
NM: Santa Fe
NA
NA
Co-60
0.8 2.1
Cs-137
-0.9 6.2
K-40
-24 36
Ra-228
1.3 7.9
NY: Albany
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.4 1.2
Cs-137
-0.2 3.2
K-40
17 13
Ra-228
1.2 4.0
NY: New York City
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.5 1.8
Cs-137
-0.09 0.77
K-40
-5 13
Ra-228
-0.2 3.5
NY: Niagara Falls
NA
NA
Co-60
0.02 0.74
Cs-137
-0.25 0.93
K-40
2 11
Ra-228
-3.3 8.3
NY: Syracuse
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.4 2.2
Cs-137
0.06 0.94
K-40
-11 17
Ra-228
-0.1 3.5
OH: Cincinnati
NA
NA
Co-60
0.01 0.72
Cs-137
0.06 0.89
K-40
-16 21
Ra-228
-4 12
OH: Columbus
NA
NA
Co-60
0.12 0.81
Cs-137
-0.8 1.0
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
33
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2m
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
OH: Columbus
NA
NA
K-40
-9 15
Ra-228
1.2 4.0
OH: E. Liverpool
0.014 0.053
NA
Co-60
-0.2 9.8
Cs-137
-0.51 0.96
K-40
2 12
Ra-228
-4 11
OH: Painesville
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.4 2.0
Cs-137
-0.13 0.75
K-40
7 11
Ra-228
-2.9 7.7
OH: Toledo
NA
NA
Co-60
00
©
1
Cs-137
-0.01 0.92
K-40
6 13
Ra-228
-3.0 7.1
OR: Portland
NA
NA
Co-60
0.20 0.76
Cs-137
0.10 0.81
K-40
-9 16
Ra-228
1.0 3.3
PA: Columbia
NA
NA
Co-60
0.42 0.79
Cs-137
0.40 0.87
K-40
-11 15
Ra-228
-1.7 5.5
PA: Harrisburg
NA
NA
Co-60
0 360
Cs-137
0.59 0.96
K-40
-16 20
Ra-228
1.6 3.8
PA: Philadelphia/Baxter
NA
NA
Co-60
0.00 0.81
Cs-137
0.44 0.93
K-40
4 12
Ra-228
0.7 3.3
PA: Philadelphia/Belmont
NA
NA
Co-60
00
©
1
Cs-137
0.03 0.92
K-40
-14 17
Ra-228
1.2 3.5
PA: Philadelphia/Queen
NA
NA
Co-60
0.22 0.76
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
34
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2m
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
PA: Philadelphia/Queen
NA
NA
Cs-137
-0.60 0.99
K-40
-2 12
Ra-228
0.4 3.4
PA: Pittsburgh
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.3 3.6
Cs-137
0.79 0.96
K-40
-20 28
Ra-228
-2.4 6.9
RI: Providence
NA
NA
Co-60
0 34
Cs-137
0.34 0.85
K-40
3 13
Ra-228
-2.8 7.3
SC: Barnwell
NA
NA
Co-60
0.46 0.84
Cs-137
-0.4 6.7
K-40
12 13
Ra-228
0.8 4.4
SC: Columbia
NA
NA
Be-7
600 550
Co-60
0.06 0.73
Cs-137
0.53 0.93
K-40
-16 22
Ra-228
-3.5 9.2
SC: Jenkinsville
0.19 0.15
NA
Co-60
0.19 0.76
Cs-137
0.24 0.80
K-40
-9 18
Ra-228
-1.9 5.8
SC: Seneca
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.01 0.88
Cs-137
-0.4 1.0
K-40
-21 30
Ra-228
-1.0 4.4
TN: Chattanooga
0.14 0.25
NA
Co-60
-0.5 7.2
Cs-137
1.2 2.2
K-40
-11 36
Ra-228
-7 16
TN: Knoxville
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.2 7.7
Cs-137
0.18 0.96
K-40
-4 13
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
35
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2u
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
TN: Knoxville
NA
NA
Ra-228
1.7 4.7
TN: Oak Ridge/#360
NA
NA
Co-60
0 41
Cs-137
-0.47 0.99
K-40
-2 13
Ra-228
1.3 4.1
TN: OakRidge/#371
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.1 1.7
Cs-137
0.03 0.95
K-40
-4 16
Ra-228
0.8 4.1
TN: Oak Ridge/#4442
NA
NA
Co-60
0.05 0.79
Cs-137
-0.22 0.98
K-40
-2 13
Ra-228
-1.6 5.2
TN: Oak Ridge/#768
NA
NA
Co-60
0 39
Cs-137
-0.12 0.91
K-40
-3 11
Ra-228
1.3 3.8
TN: Oak Ridge/#772
NA
NA
Co-60
0.06 0.74
Cs-137
-0.40 0.93
K-40
-1 14
Ra-228
1.0 4.0
TX: Austin
NA
NA
Co-60
0 11
Cs-137
-0.14 0.98
K-40
11 12
Ra-228
0.8 4.3
VA: Ashland
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.1 2.3
Cs-137
0.29 0.88
K-40
13 12
Ra-228
-2.2 5.6
VA: Lynchburg
NA
NA
Co-60
-0.4 2.0
Cs-137
0.25 0.86
K-40
-4 16
Ra-228
-1.1 4.5
WA: Richland
NA
NA
Co-60
0 48
Cs-137
0 12
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
36
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Drinking Water
Radium and Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Composites
January-December 2012
Gamma-Emitting
226Ra
228Ra
Radionuclides
Location
pCi/L ±2u
pCi/L ± 2u
Nuclide
pCi/L ± 2 u
WA: Richland
NA
NA
K-40
-3.3 7.3
Ra-228
1.7 3.3
WI: Madison
1.31 0.31
NA
Co-60
-0.1 1.9
Cs-137
0.24 0.63
K-40
-15 11
Ra-228
2.5 3.9
Note: ND = Not Detected
NA = No Analysis
37
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38
-------
3. Milk Program
Pasteurized Milk
Milk is a reliable indicator of the general population's intake of certain radionuclides since it is
consumed fresh by a large segment of the population and can contain several of the biologically
significant radionuclides that result from environmental releases from nuclear activities. A
primary function of this program is to obtain reliable monitoring data relative to current radio-
nuclide concentrations and determine any long-term trends.
Milk samples are collected quarterly at each of the sampling sites. The samples are analyzed for
gamma-emitting nuclides, including iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and potassium-40.
Total potassium concentrations in g/L are determined from potassium-40 activities assuming
natural isotopic abundances. During the third quarter collection, one-fourth of the samples are
also analyzed for strontium-90 on a four year rotating schedule.
39
-------
Table 13
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
July-September 2013
Date
K
137Cs
140Ba
131j
Location
Collected
g/L ± 2 u
pCi/L ± lu
pCi/L ± 2u
pCi/L ± 2m
AR: Little Rock
07/29/13
1.62 0.19
ND
ND
ND
AZ: Phoenix
07/17/13
1.63 0.19
ND
ND
NR
CA: Los Angeles
09/25/13
1.55 0.18
ND
ND
ND
CA: San Francisco
07/15/13
1.90 0.22
ND
ND
NR
CT: Hartford
09/04/13
1.61 0.19
ND
ND
ND
DE: Wilmington
07/15/13
1.70 0.20
ND
ND
NR
FL: Plant City
07/23/13
1.64 0.19
ND
ND
ND
HI: Hilo
07/10/13
1.65 0.20
ND
ND
ND
IA: Des Moines
08/19/13
1.60 0.19
ND
ND
ND
KS: Wichita
08/29/13
1.68 0.20
ND
ND
ND
KY: Louisville
07/08/13
1.66 0.20
ND
ND
ND
MA: Boston
09/12/13
1.65 0.20
ND
ND
ND
MD: Baltimore
07/08/13
1.61 0.19
ND
ND
ND
MO: Jefferson City
08/06/13
1.64 0.19
ND
ND
ND
NJ: Trenton
07/12/13
1.60 0.19
ND
ND
ND
NM: Albuquerque
08/30/13
1.52 0.18
ND
ND
ND
NV: Las Vegas
08/12/13
1.80 0.21
ND
ND
ND
NY: Buffalo
08/07/13
1.62 0.19
ND
ND
ND
NY: Syracuse
07/16/13
1.65 0.20
ND
ND
NR
OH: Cincinnati
08/19/13
1.69 0.20
ND
ND
ND
OH: Cleveland
08/02/13
1.69 0.20
ND
ND
ND
OR: Portland
09/17/13
1.60 0.18
ND
ND
ND
PA: Pittsburgh
07/23/13
1.66 0.19
ND
ND
ND
TN: Chattanooga
09/25/13
1.61 0.19
ND
ND
ND
TN: Knoxville
08/09/13
1.67 0.20
ND
ND
ND
TN: Memphis
07/08/13
1.58 0.19
ND
ND
ND
TX: Dallas
08/20/13
1.64 0.19
ND
ND
ND
TX: San Antonio
07/08/13
1.65 0.20
ND
ND
ND
VT: Montpelier
07/17/13
1.70 0.19
ND
ND
NR
WA: Spokane
08/07/13
1.79 0.20
ND
ND
ND
WA: Tacoma
09/28/13
1.63 0.19
ND
ND
ND
WV: Charleston
07/10/13
1.64 0.19
ND
ND
ND
Note: ND = Not detected
NR = No result (not analyzed within 5 half-lives of collection)
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Table 14
Strontium-90 in Pasteurized Milk
July-September 2013
Date
90Sr
Location
Collected
pCi/L ± 2u
CA: Los Angeles
09/25/13
0.33 0.41
CA: San Francisco
07/15/13
-0.33 0.40
FL: Plant City
07/23/13
0.25 0.46
MO: Jefferson City
08/06/13
0.08 0.65
NY: Syracuse
07/16/13
0.64 0.94
PA: Pittsburgh
07/23/13
0.46 0.51
TN: Chattanooga
09/25/13
0.83 0.53
VT: Montpelier
07/17/13
0.35 0.45
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For More Information
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is published quarterly by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air.
Requests for information concerning the operation of RadNet and the data that are generated
should be directed as follows:
Requests for information concerning the operation of RadNet, the data that are generated, or
publication and distribution of ERD should be directed to:
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National Analytical Radiation Environmental Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
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email: petko.charles@epa.gov
Requests for information concerning policies of the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air should be
directed to:
Jonathan Edwards
USEPA - ORIA
Radiation Protection Division (MC6608J)
1200 Pennsylvania Ave. N.W.
Washington, DC 20460
email: edwards.jonathan@epa.gov
***
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