tfED sr^ . . U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 20-E-0333 £ \ Office of Inspector General September 28,2020 I®/ At a Glance Why We Did This Project The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Inspector General conducted this evaluation to determine whether the EPA has implemented an oversight system to provide reasonable assurance that organizations receiving EPA funding comply with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. All federal agencies are responsible for enforcing Title VI, which requires them to ensure that any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance does not discriminate based on race, color, or national origin. The public can use the Title VI complaint process to report alleged discrimination by EPA funding recipients. Under this process, the EPA's External Civil Rights Compliance Office, known as ECRCO, has the authority to withdraw financial assistance to compel a recipient to comply with Title VI. This report addresses the following: • Compliance with the law. • Operating efficiently and effectively. This report addresses these top EPA management challenges: • Integrating and leading environmental justice. • Complying with internal control (policies and procedures). Address inquiries to our public affairs office at (202) 566-2391 or OIG WEBCOMMENTS@epa.gov. Improved EPA Oversight of Funding Recipients' Title VI Programs Could Prevent Discrimination Despite elimination of the case backlog, additional improvements in the EPA's oversight of Title VI funding recipients could prevent discrimination. What We Found ECRCO has not fully implemented an oversight system to provide reasonable assurance that organizations receiving EPA funding are properly implementing Title VI. As an initial matter, ECRCO does not conduct proactive compliance reviews to determine funding recipients' compliance with Title VI. Instead, only once an investigation has been lodged will ECRCO review the foundational elements of the recipient's nondiscrimination program using a checklist. This checklist documents the existence of a nondiscrimination program but does not necessarily document the successful implementation of Title VI. We used the checklist to conduct a limited review of the nondiscrimination programs in all 50 states and three territories. We found that 81 percent lacked some of the required foundational elements on their websites. Meanwhile, ECRCO does not systematically collect program data from EPA funding recipients, and state personnel told us they need training and guidance to help them address discrimination complaints related to permits and cumulative impacts. Three of the seven states we interviewed indicated that they had not received training from ECRCO. Since ECRCO assumed management of the EPA's Title VI program in December 2016, it has focused its efforts on reducing a significant backlog of discrimination complaints while simultaneously developing policy and guidance documents. It resolved a backlog of 61 cases from fiscal years 2017 through 2019. Improved oversight could prevent future case backlogs at the EPA and help assure funding recipients comply with Title VI. Recommendations and Planned Agency Corrective Actions To improve oversight of the Title VI program, we recommend that the Office of the Administrator develop a plan to coordinate across Agency program offices to develop guidance on permitting and cumulative impacts. We also recommend that ECRCO use systematic compliance reviews, develop performance measures to assess its ongoing pilot program working with the states on foundational elements of nondiscrimination, address potential noncompliance with funding applicants, develop guidance on the use of data collection, and outline a plan to ensure that the staff take Title VI training. The Agency did not provide a formal response to our draft report but did provide informal written technical comments. We considered the comments and revised the report, as appropriate. The EPA intends to issue a formal response to this report, which we will post on our website upon receipt. The six recommendations are unresolved. List of OIG reports. ------- |