SUMMARY OF
STATE BIENNIAL REPORTS OF
WELLHEAD PROTECTION PROGRAM PROGRESS
(As Required by Section 1428 (g) of the SDWA amendments of 1986)
OCTOBER 1995 THROUGH SEPTEMBER 1997
The purpose of this report is to provide information on
the progress States have made in establishing and
implementing their Wellhead Protection Programs
through FY1997
Page 1
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I. Background
The 1986 Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) established the Wellhead
Protection program which requires each State to develop comprehensive programs to protect
public water supply wells from contaminants that could be harmful to human health. Section
1428 of the Act specifies certain minimum components for a State Wellhead Protection (WHP)
program which include: delineating wellhead protection areas, inventorying potential sources of
contamination, developing a management strategy to protect each water supply from potential
sources of contamination, and developing contingency plans in preparation for emergency
situations. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for approving State
WHP programs and for providing technical support to State and local governments to help
implement these programs.
Subsection 1428 (g) of the SDWA requires that each State with an EPA-approved WHP program
". . .submit to the Administrator a biennial status report describing the State's progress in
implementing the program." This report summarizes the reports received from the States.
This national summary provides information about each State's progress toward implementing
its WHP program and will help foster the opportunity for the exchange of information between
States about tools, techniques, and approaches. Furthermore, since the reporting rate is very
high, this summary establishes a national benchmark that can be used to compare future progress
in the implementation of not only WHP, but also in the implementation of the recently estab-
lished State Source Water Assessment (SWA) and Protection (SWP) Programs.
The U.S. Congress in 1996 amended the SDWA again, adding and modifying several sections of
the law. Section 1428 requiring State Wellhead Protection programs and the associated biennial
reporting remained essentially unchanged. The new 1996 Amendments provided a source of
funding for drinking water protection programs and also established new Source Water Assess-
ment (SWA) provisions in addition to the WHP requirements. Under these new provisions, each
state is required to create a Source Water Assessment Program that describes how the State will
assess all of its public water supplies - including both ground water and surface water sources -
utilizing several of the basic wellhead protection steps plus two new steps. Assessments must be
completed for all public water systems by May 2003. Part IV of this report contains a brief
description of the required steps for Source Water Assessments and discusses how future State
Wellhead Protection biennial reports may incorporate new information on Source Water
Assessment and Protection progress.
II. Measuring National Wellhead Protection Program Progress
Over the years since the 1986 Wellhead Protection provisions of SWDA were enacted, States
have developed WHP programs and submitted them to EPA for approval. Although the
reporting guidances have been modified for each period, this WHP biennial period reflects
Community Water System-oriented data (CWS) which will be the cornerstone for future
reporting. Also, the data include voluntarily reported Noncommunity Water System (NCWS)
Page 1
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information. Both CWS and NCWS Public Water Supply (PWS) data reported for this period
reflect a tracking consistency for all three biennial periods ending FY93, FY95 and FY97.
The data in the national summary were obtained from individual state reports on the number of
(PWSs) that have completed one or more of the primary WHP steps (i.e., delineation, source
inventory, management measures, and contingency plans). In addition, States reported on the
number of PWSs that had not yet undertaken one of the primary steps, but had in the State's
opinion, "gotten started" in the WHP endeavor by undertaking some preliminary work such as
forming a local team to pursue the effort. These four primary steps, plus the "getting started"
step (step 1) are defined in Table 1.
Table 1 - Wellhead Protection Program Steps -Definitions
1 Steps of WHP [
| Description/Definitions J
Step 1
Getting Started - Preliminary work/planning team
Step 2
Delineation - Define land area to be protected
Step 3
Source Identification - Identify and locate potential
sources of contaminants
Step 4
Source Management - Manage contaminant sources
in the protection area
Step 5
Contingency Planning - Plan for emergencies and
for the future
Table 2, on the next page, shows that 49 States and Territories have currently EPA-approved
Wellhead Protection Programs, including Guam and Puerto Rico. In 1990, the first 13 States
obtained approval of their programs and since then, additional State programs have been
approved in every subsequent year. Florida's WHP program was approved in 1998, and
Pennsylvania and California obtained approval of their programs in 1999.
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Table 2 - State WHP Program Approval Dates and Date of States Reporting Data (in bold).
States and Territories with Federally Approved*
Wellhead Protection Programs (by year)
(13)
(18)
(27)
(31)
(37)
(41)
(45)
(46)
(47)
(49)
CA
PA
FL
FL
WY
WY
WY
ID
ID
ID
ID
KS
KS
KS
KS
MN
MN
MN
MN
OR
OR
OR
OR
HI
HI
Hi
HI
HI
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
CO
CO
CO
CO
CO
CO
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
MT
MT
MT
MT
MT
MT
NV
NV
NV
NV
NV
NV
TN
TN
TN
TN
TN
TN
WA
WA
WA
WA
WA
WA
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
GU
KY
KY
KY
KY
KY
KY
KY
MS
MS
MS
MS
MS
MS
MS
Wl
Wl
Wl
Wl
Wl
Wl
Wl
AL
AL
AL
AL
AL
AL
AL
AL
AZ
AZ
AZ
AZ
AZ
AZ
AZ
AZ
GA
GA
GA
GA
GA
GA
GA
GA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
SC
SC
SC
SC
SC
SC
SC
SC
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
UT
UT
UT
UT
UT
UT
UT
UT
WV
WV
WV
WV
WV
WV
WV
WV
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
MD
MD
MD
MD
MD
MD
MD
MD
MD
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NJ
NJ
NJ
NJ
NJ
NJ
NJ
NJ
NJ
PR
PR
PR
PR
PR
PR
PR
PR
PR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
AR
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
DE
DE
DE
DE
DE
DE
DE
DE
DE
DE
LA
LA
LA
LA
LA
LA
LA
LA
LA
LA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
ME
ME
ME
ME
ME
ME
ME
ME
ME
ME
NH
NH
NH
NH
NH
NH
NH
NH
NH
NH
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NY
NY
NY
NY
NY
NY
NY
NY
NY
NY
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
Rl
Rl
Rl
Rl
Rl
Rl
Rl
Rl
Rl
Rl
TX
TX
TX
TX
TX
TX
TX
TX
TX
TX
VT
VT
VT
VT
VT
VT
VT
VT
VT
VT
'90
¦91
¦92
"93
¦94
"95
'96
"97
'98
'99
*PA - program approved in 1999 - voluntarily reported in 1995 & 1997
*IA - unapproved/expected 1999 - no information reported
*AK- unapproved/no expected date - no information reported
*VA - unapproved/no expected date - information reported in 1995 & 1997
1991-1993 -18 States reported
1993-1995 - 31 States reported
1995-1997 - 42 States reported (42 plus PA - approved in 1999).
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Two years after a State's program has been approved by EPA, the State is required to begin
reporting its progress in implementing the program on a biennial basis. So far, there has been a
total of three biennial reporting periods (1991-1993, 1993-1995, 1995-1997). In Table 2,
approved states for each year are listed in normal type, and States that have submitted Biennial
Reports are listed in bold type and are underlined. For instance, as shown in Table 2, 46 States
and territories had approved WHP programs in 1997, but only 42 of those States submitted
Biennial Reports in that year. In addition, Pennsylvania and Virginia reported their information
through 1997, however, these two States did not have approved programs at that time. Reports
for the 1997-1999 period will be due at the end of 1999, and therefore no States have yet
submitted their data for this next period. The focus of this summary report is the data submitted
by states for the 1995-1997 reporting period.
As shown in Figure 1 (and in Appendix A), States made significant progress in implementing
their WHP programs between 1993 and 1997. With respect to the five steps of the WHP
Program, by the end of FY97 more than 6,000 communities nationwide had started implement-
ing their local WHP program (Step 1), with over 7,000 Community Water Systems (CWSs)
completing WHP delineation. 5,000 of those systems had completed their contaminant source
inventories with 3000 systems having completed their source management. By the end of the
same period, almost 4,000 systems had contingency plans in place. In Figure 1, and in the
State-specific charts in Appendix B, systems having completed more than one step are counted
in each of those steps, so that one system is included in the count for Steps 1, 2, and 3 if all three
steps have been completed by that system..
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NATIONAL
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data for CWSs
18'000 \ j=(\
f M0° / I M—
i mI ill b
1993 1995 1997
Year
I Getting Started ~ Source Management
~ Delineation I Contingency Planning
I Source Identification
Figure 1
Please note that Figure 1 depicts data for Community Water Systems. Also, Appendix A
contains a national data summary and graphic depiction of Noncommunity Water Systems
(NCWSs) as well as the summary and graphic for CWSs. States voluntarily reported data for
NCWSs in accordance with the 1995-1997 WHP Guidance and also may opt to voluntarily
report the implementation of Step 1 which explains why a lesser number of systems have
reported the implementation of Step 1 in contrast to reporting Step 2.
In Figure 1, data compiled from the individual state WHP reports show Step 2 (Delineation) had
the highest level of implementation. This is not surprising, since many delineations are
performed by the State. Delineation provides the necessary information for a community to
proceed to the next step — Source Identification. The contaminant source inventory is also
critical, for it gives a local team a sense of whether these potential sources of contamination are
already being managed and whether there are some potential sources whose management is
unknown.
The fourth step (Source Management) has the lowest implementation rate among the five steps.
States describe in their biennial reports how "management" is an ongoing, dynamic process
rather than an end to itself and is almost always handled at the local level. Management options
can range from secondary containment around an above-ground fuel storage tank, to enacting
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new zoning ordinances, to educating third graders. It is difficult to determine when a system's
potential contaminant sources have finally become "managed," and individual States define the
completion of this step in different ways. Several States require Step 5 Contingency Planning
for all systems, enabling the systems to respond to emergencies and to protect new sources of
drinking water.
III. State Wellhead Protection Program Reporting Issues
As noted in Figure 1 and Table 2, States have been making steady progress toward implementing
their Wellhead Protection programs. Appendix B contains the state-specific data summaries and
graphics showing the number of public water systems and the number of community water
systems at each step for all three of the reporting cycles (1991-1997).
Program reporting has changed over the reporting cycles because of the lack of consistent
guidance for tracking measures. Guidance and, therefore, reporting of the WHP data has
resulted in some incompatibility for each of these three reporting cycles (1991-1993, 1993-
1995, 1995-1997):
Under the 1991-1993 reporting period, the States were required to report progress for
each wellhead protection area delineated rather than for each public water system. In
many cases, one public water system can have numerous wells, and as such may have
numerous wellhead protection areas. For this 1995-1997 report, EPA regional offices
worked with their State partners to convert the earlier 1991-1993 data to reflect progress
by CWS to the extent possible.
During the 1993-1995 reporting period, the steps used to track WHP progress were
changed. For the current summary report, EPA again worked with the States to translate
that earlier data into the steps used to track the 1995-1997 progress. Also, because of
some inconsistencies in data from State to State, there inherently will be some errors in
the translation of this data.
The reporting criteria were again revised for the 1995-1997 reporting period, because the
report focuses primarily on progress made with community water systems and allows
States the option of reporting non-community systems status. For those States with
dramatic drops in implementation progress, much of that change can be attributed to the
fact that some states chose not to report progress with noncommunity water systems for
this period.
Summary of Narrative Comments from the States
In addition to providing quantitative data on the progress of their WHP Programs at the local
level, States also have the opportunity to provide a narrative report describing their efforts and
concerns.
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A few of these common themes from the narrative reports are highlighted below:
Source Management approaches should be site-specific. This is due mainly to the need
for stakeholder support and implementability of management options. Experience shows
that management is an ongoing, iterative process. For example, many WHP planning
teams begin to recognize and implement management controls before the management
plan is completely written. This protects the resource, and also helps to test whether
proposed management controls are workable before the plan is completed.
Most States have made considerable progress in developing geographic information
systems to support wellhead protection planning, implementation, and tracking. How-
ever, most States identify continued development of data sharing techniques, data base
development, and obtaining accurate locational information as future priorities. As a
reminder, each State has a State Geological Survey which is capable of providing
scientific information related to the protection of ground water and surface water.
Several States identify continued Federal coordination and assistance as an ongoing need.
In particular, ongoing assistance is needed from the United States Geological Survey as
well as coordination with groups such as the Natural Resources Conservation Service.
There is also a continuing need for education about the importance of wellhead protec-
tion for those Federal agencies that operate public water supplies or those agencies that
have stewardship responsibilities for lands that lie within wellhead protection areas.
Forty-eight States have formed a partnership with the National Rural Water Association
through its State affiliates to assist in implementing the State's Wellhead Protection
program for PWSs which serve a population of less than 10,000. These partnerships
have proven to be a valuable resource for the States to use while State resources are
focused on systems that serve a larger population.
A number of States found that the use of volunteers helps to implement WHP programs
at the local level. EPA funded a Source Water Mentor Pilot Project in partnership with
the Environmental Alliance for Senior Involvement (EASI) and State chapters of the
Retired and Senior Volunteer Program (RSVP). To date, ten States piloted the use of
senior volunteers to help promote the WHP program and to initiate management efforts
to protect a local water supply. In those States in which the project was successful,
volunteers were instrumental in conducting source inventories, developing community-
based protection programs, educating the public about their local drinking water supply,
and developing documents or brochures that guide communities in developing their own
WHP program.
While the Wellhead Protection program has proven to be effective in providing an additional
level of protection to ground water sources of public drinking water supplies, the program also
serves as a model for other countries with similar ground water protection concerns. The
Republic of Mexico implemented a Wellhead Protection program for Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua,
that mirrors the program developed by El Paso, Texas. This level of cooperation between two
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"sister cities" not only promotes coordination between two cities, but also provides an added
level of protection to a resource that is shared by both countries.
The States recognize the statutory requirement for the Biennial Report; however, they
would like EPA to explore opportunities to allow biennial reporting in an electronic
format. One area which is currently being pursued is the integration of the WHP
program biennial reporting with the States' current electronic reporting under the EPA's
Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS).
IV. Recommendations/Issues for Future Reporting
The SDWA Amendments of 1996 expanded the scope of drinking water protection programs to
include surface water and ground water sources in the Source Water Assessment Program.
Under the new Amendments, Section 1428 for WHP remained essentially unchanged, therefore
continuing the WHP requirements for management measures, contingency plans and biennial
reporting of State Wellhead Protection program progress.
The new Section 1453 requires States to conduct a source water assessment of all public water
supply systems within their jurisdiction and to make this information available to the public.
This requirement applies to all surface water and ground water systems, including those that are
implementing the WHP program. Table 3 summarizes a comparison between the critical
elements of Section 1428 - the Wellhead Protection Program and Section 1453 - the Source
Water Assessment Program. As shown in Table 3, two new steps were added in the SWA
Program that were not present in the WHP program - determining the water system's susceptibil-
ity to identified potential sources of contaminants, and releasing the results to the public. The
contaminant source management and contingency planning aspects of WHP are not required for
surface water sources under the SWA Program, but are strongly recommended as an integral part
of a drinking water source protection program.
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Table 3. Comparison of Wellhead Protection and Source Water Assessment Program
Critical Steps
Critical Steps required or estab-
lished
under Section 1428 of the SDWA:
Wellhead Protection Program
Critical Steps required under Section
1453 of the SDWA: Source Water
Assessment Program
Define Roles/Establish Local Teams
Delineation of Wellhead Protection Areas
Delineation of Source Water Protection Areas
(For systems using ground water, this step is es-
sentially the same as under WHP)
Conduct an inventory of potential contami-
nant sources within the delineated area
Conduct an inventory of potential contaminant
sources within the delineated area
Susceptibility Determinations (defined in 1997
final SWAP/SWP Guidance)
Public Release of Assessment Results
(defined in 1997 final SWAP/SWP Guidance)
Provide management controls for those
potential sources of contamination
(defined in final 1987 WHP Guidance)
Management measures are not required, but are
expected as a result of the assessments
Develop contingency plans and apply
WHP program elements to sites of future
water supply wells.
Contingency plans are not required, but are ex-
pected as part of a source water protection pro-
gram
The 1996 Amendments of the SDWA provided States with the flexibility to design "source water
protection" programs for the benefit of public water supply systems, including the support for
monitoring flexibility. The Amendments also provided a source of funding for drinking water
protection activities such as Wellhead Protection programs and land acquisition through the new
Drinking Water State Revolving Loan Fund.
Additionally, the 1996 SDWA Amendments facilitate integration of the information gathered
under the State's WHP program for ground water sources of public drinking water supplies,
with the Source Water Assessment Program requirements. In 1997, EPA published guidance to
the states for the development of their SWA programs. In order for EPA to approve a State's
SWA program, the guidance specifies that the State needs to describe how it will periodically
report progress on their efforts. The guidance strongly recommends an expansion and use of the
WHP Biennial Report for this purpose; recent SWA program submittals from the States appear
to endorse this approach.
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For the next reporting period (1997 - 1999), the current 5-step framework will continue to be
used. However, beginning in year 2000, EPA will ask States to use a new 6-step framework that
contains the following steps: delineation, contaminant source inventory, susceptibility
determination, public availability of results, management measures, and contingency planning.
The basic elements of WHP will remain, but will include the addition of new susceptibility
determination and public release steps. Guidance reflecting these changes for the FY1999 -
FY2001 Biennial Reporting period will be published early in 2000.
Future Reporting for the Tracking of GPRA Goals:
The Biennial Report is one of the mechanisms the States have available for the future reporting
of SWAs, and eventually SWPs. EPA's requirement to implement and track progress of WHP
and these Source Water Programs also creates the opportunity for EPA to track progress for the
Agency's Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) Goals.
The U.S. Congress enacted the Government Performance and Results Act in 1993 for the
purpose of linking EPA's resources with measuring environmental results. As a result of this
Act, a Strategic Plan was finalized by the Agency in September, 1997. This plan describes the
EPA's mission and ten broad goals that will serve as the framework for the Agency's planning
and budgeting decisions over the next several years, and for measuring results. Progress toward
meeting the goals and objectives will be tracked for an annual performance report to Congress.
The Wellhead Protection Program as well as the Source Water Assessment Program fall under
some of the clean and safe water goals which will be met through the implementation of the
WHP and SWA/SWP programs.
One of the most significant goals for Source Water Protection is stated below:
EPA's Source Water Protection Goal
EPA has set a goal that by the year 2005, 50% of the population served by
community water systems will receive their water from systems with source water
protection programs in place.
EPA plans to use the information reported by States through the Biennial Reports, EPA's Safe
Drinking Water Information System, and possibly other mechanisms to track progress on
meeting this source water protection goal. Existing drinking water protection accomplishments
achieved by communities through their WHP programs will create a strong basis for meeting this
goal.
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Another GPRA goal, similar to the first, provides a performance measure for ensuring clean and
safe drinking water for the population of Tribal communities. This is stated below:
EPA's Source Water Protection Goal for Tribal Communities
EPA has set a goal that by the year 2005, 40% of the population served by tribal
community water systems will receive their water from systems with source water
assessments in place and where needed, source water protection programs in place.
Recommendations for Tracking Tribal Wellhead Protection Program Progress
While Section 1428 only requires that States develop WHP programs, a number of Tribes across
the country have found the value of integrating the WHP program into their larger environmental
planning efforts on Tribal Lands. Many Tribes have identified elements of the WHP program
for funding in their Tribal/EPA Agreements (TEAs) which foster agreement on short term
funding needs for the Tribes.
Tracking the Tribal implementation of WHP has begun and the 1999 - 2001 WHP Biennial
Report will show the data and list the National Tribes with wellhead protection in progress.
Initial indications show that about 10% of the Tribes have started WHP, even though the
reporting of their WHP implementation is not required by SDWA. So far, the methods of
tracking and reporting of Tribal implementation may vary from EPA Region to Region.
Since the EPA Regions have already initiated both technical and resource assistance to the
Tribes for WHP, the tracking and reporting of their progress should fall under the umbrella of the
Biennial Report. The Report would then, starting with the next reporting period, publish WHP
data implemented by Tribes. This would not only provide recognition of Tribal efforts, but
would track implementation for the Tribal GPRA goal.
In the coming years, EPA will continue to work with Tribes on the implementation of the WHP
Program and the Source Water Assessment and Protection Programs on Tribal lands.
V. Summary
In summary, States have made significant progress in establishing their WHP Programs, and
local implementation of the Program is well underway in a number of States. However, much
work remains to be done, including creation of a more consistent framework for reporting from
one cycle to another. A key challenge will be the transfer to a new reporting framework to
incorporate the SWA Program.
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Another challenge will be tracking progress across the country in a consistent manner to show
that "prevention" has been achieved. Historically, the guideline used so far in the WHP Program
has been that prevention is "in place" once a State has determined that the intent of SDWA has
been achieved for preventing contamination of source waters for any particular PWS. As the
program moves to measuring progress in meeting the GPRA goal of community "source water
protection programs in place" and reporting this information to the U.S. Congress, there may
need to be a greater degree of consistency in the definition of this concept used by States and
EPA.
EPA is looking forward to working with the States to improve the tracking progress for the
Wellhead Protection and Source Water Assessment/Source Water Protection Programs as well as
helping the States to continue their positive progress in the implementation of these programs.
Page 12
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APPENDIX A
National Public Water Supply Progress
(Community and Non-Community PWSs)
-------
NATIONAL
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data for CWSs
w 8,000
(0
c
3
E
E
o
o
4,000
2,000
1993
1995
Year
1997
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Community Water Systems
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
3,032
6,002
25,123
23,154
52,988
90,712
33,291
88,408
125,881
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
2,298
N/A
2,298
3,237
N/A
3,213
6,267
N/A
6,267
Step 2: Delineation
2,296
N/A
2,296
3,843
N/A
3,843
7,364
N/A
7,364
Step 3: Identify Sources
1,423
N/A
1,423
3,150
N/A
3,150
4,724
N/A
4,724
Step 4: Manage Sources
1,448
N/A
1,448
2,200
N/A
2,200
3,174
N/A
3,174
Step 5: Contingency Planning
1,441
N/A
1,441
2,811
N/A
2,811
3,897
N/A
3,897
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
NATIONAL
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data for NCWSs
| 1,800
"go
>
(/)
> 1,500
& 1,200
c
3
E
E
o
o
C
O
900
600
300
0
1993
1995
Year
1997
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Noncommunity Water Systems
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
3,032
6,002
25,123
23,154
52,988
90,712
33,291
88,408
125,881
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
*
*
N/A
407
407
N/A
1,607
1,607
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
*
*
N/A
1,684
1,684
N/A
1,731
1,731
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
*
*
N/A
716
716
N/A
453
453
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
*
*
N/A
123
123
N/A
266
266
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
*
*
N/A
104
104
N/A
666
666
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
APPENDIX B
State Summaries & Graphics
1991 - 1997
-------
125
(0
E
100
75
CO
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Alabama
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
420
218
638
398
171
569
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
38
*
38
103
*
103
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
16
*
16
48
*
48
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
16
*
16
43
*
43
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
6
*
6
9
*
9
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
1
*
1
Comments/Observations/Problems: State WHP Program approved 3/31/92
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
ARIZONA
800
(0
| 600
"go
>»
(/)
3 400
re
.Q
3
Q_
200
WHP Implementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved March 16, 1992
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Arizona
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
1537
772
806
1578
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
8
*
8
9
*
9
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
5
*
5
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
1
*
1
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
0
*
0
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
789
*
789
772
*
772
Comments/Observations/Problems: Contingency plans are required by state law for CWSs.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
(0 200
E
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Arkansas
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
402
568
970
484
490
974
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
153
*
*
106
*
*
106
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
33
*
*
106
*
*
93
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
6
*
*
14
*
*
9
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
31
*
*
65
*
*
24
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
*
*
120
*
*
10
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
150
(0
E
100
CO
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Colorado
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
532
1679
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
134
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
49
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
27
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
24
Comments/Observations/Problems: Colorado's program was approved September 30, 1994.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
CONNECTICUT
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
600
(0 500
E
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Connecticut
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
586
563
3849
4411
564
4647
5211
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
71
*
71
*
*
*
*
*
*
Step 2: Delineation
71
*
71
563
*
563
564
*
564
Step 3: Identify Sources
12
*
12
563
*
563
564
*
564
Step 4: Manage Sources
70
*
70
563
*
563
564
*
564
Step 5: Contingency Planning
71
*
71
63
*
63
109
*
109
Comments/Observations/Problems: In 1993, the information was reported by wellhead protection areas (Step 1 = 141, Step 2 = 141, Step 3 = 24, Step 4 = 139, and
Step 5 = 141). The 141 WHPAs represented 71 systems. The number of systems listed for Step 3 and 4 are estimates based on the ration of systems to WHPAs. Although
source inventories have not been completed for all WHPAs, communities taking limited interim management measures under existing authorities based on preliminary
information, even though towns do not have regulatory authority under the Aquifer Protection Area Program. In 1995 and 1997, Step 1 was not tracked. The reason there
are numbers for 1993 is based on the statement that all the WHPAs that were delineated had active public involvement.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
-------
DELAWARE
(o 600
E
£ 500
(0
3) 400
£ 300
re
^ 200
o
g 100
a. 0
WHP Impiementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
1993
1995
Year
1997
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved May 10, 1990
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Delaware
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
218
344
560
227
338
565
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
159
344
503
227
(338)
565
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
6
0
6
227
*
227
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
6
0
6
227
*
227
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
6
0
6
227
*
227
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
6
0
6
227
*
227
Comments/Observations/Problems: In 1997, DE did not report the option NCWS system data. The number for getting started in 1997 was
not a reported figure, but a carry-over from the previous biennial reporting period with a correction representing the change in number of NCWS
systems. One other note of correction, the reported data for steps 1 and 2 in 1997 actually accounted for 228 CWS systems which was greater than
the total CWS systems. The difference may be due to a CWS system under WHA is no longer an indivual system or miscounted.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
(0
E
(0
>
(/)
d)
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re
5
4
3
£ 2
.Q
3
Q.
FLORIDA
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Z
1993
H Getting Started
~ Delineation
H Source Identification
Source Management
H Contingency Planning
z
z
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved August 18, 1998
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Florida
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Comments/Observations/Problems: State WHP Program approved 8/18/98
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
GEORGIA
(0
E
(0
>
(/)
d)
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re
.Q
3
Q_
100
75
50
25
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
1993
1995
1997
Year
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved September 30, 1992
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Georgia
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
1446
964
2410
1459
958
2417
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
96
*
96
98
*
98
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
96
*
96
98
*
98
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
96
*
96
98
*
98
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
2
*
2
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
*
*
*
Comments/Observations/Problems: State WHP Program approved 9/30/92
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
HAWAII
.Q
3
Q_
20
(0
E
(0
>
CO
5 10
re
WHP Implementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved May 26, 1995
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Hawaii
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
145
124
269
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
14
*
14
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
14
*
14
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
ILLINOIS
(o 1,500
E
® 1,200
900
600
300
0
(0
>»
(/)
a)
+¦>
(0
.Q
3
Q.
WHP Impiementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
1993
1995
Year
1997
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved September 26, 1991
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Illinois
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
1,361
5,519
6,880
1,195
4,346
5,541
1,174
4,159
5,333
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
1,361
*
*
1,195
*
1,195
1,174
*
1,174
Step 2: Delineation
44/1361
*
*
111/1195
*
111/1195
875
*
875
Step 3: Identify Sources
36/1361
*
*
111/1195
*
111/1195
866
*
866
Step 4: Manage Sources
25/1361
*
*
570
*
570
570
*
570
Step 5: Contingency Planning
18/1361
*
*
748
*
748
1,174
*
1,174
Comments/Observations/Problems: Illinois implements two phases of its program with a Phase I delineated area of 1000' and as necessary a Phase II delineation.
During the 1991-1995, the State took credit for its effort to identify sources and manage (using the provisions under the Illinois Groundwater Protection Act) within
the Phase I area. When 2 numbers are reported above for a step, the first number reflects the Phase II aspect and the second reflects the Phase I. For the 1997 report,
the State revised its tracking to reflect more locally-driven efforts. Any decrease in the total number of PWSs over the reporting periods may be due to regionalization of
systems or more accurate database tracking.
* Data not available/or optional reporting N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
(0
E
(0
>
(/)
d)
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re
.Q
3
Q.
100
75
50
25
INDIANA
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved November 13, 1995
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Indiana
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
742
2,806
4,168
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
62
*
62
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0(3)
*
0
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0(3)
*
0
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0(3)
*
0
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0(3)
*
0
Comments/Observations/Problems: Indiana's WHPP was approved in April, 1997 and is partially implemented through a WHP rule
effective March 28, 1997. The WHP Rule does not require communities to submit WHP plans until March, 2000. However, more progress is
occurring than was reported since the Region funded at least 3 communities through management plan development under the demonstration
grant program (Speedway, South Bend, Elkhart). However, the State does not officially report these because they are not State-approved.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
600
(0
500
E
400
CO
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Kansas
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Total number of systems lhal ha\ e completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Comments/Observations/Problems: Kansas' program was approved on June 28, 1996.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
KENTUCKY
(0
E
(0
>
(/)
d)
+¦>
re
.Q
3
Q_
100
75
50
25
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
|/_
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved September 30, 1993
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Kentucky
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
174
259
433
155
169
324
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
35
13
48
62
23
85
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
6
6
11
7
18
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
6
6
11
7
18
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
3
1
4
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
3
1
4
Comments/Observations/Problems: State WHP Program approved 9/30/93
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
LOUISIANA
| 125
| 100
>»
2 75
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Louisiana
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
1,259
1,170
840
2,010
1,104
686
1,790
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
3
*
*
4
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
92
*
*
104
*
*
3
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
60
*
*
72
*
*
8
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
51
*
*
84
*
*
22
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
42
*
*
75
*
*
25
Comments/Observations/Problems: Figures not reported as cumulative values
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
MAINE
400
(0
| 300
to
>»
(/)
3 200
re
.Q
3
Q_
100
WHP Implementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
State Program Approved May 7, 1990
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Maine
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
2516
o o o
333
1858
2191
350
1690
2040
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
*
186
*
186
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
158
146
187
333
350
0
350
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
158
146
187
333
350
0
350
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
2
0
0
0
2
*
2
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
0
0
0
0
*
0
Comments/Observations/Problems: In the 1991-93 reporting period, the numbers represent wellhead protection areas, not systems.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
-------
MARYLAND
WHP Implementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
(0 100
I 80
(/)
(0
60
40
£ 20
.Q
a. 0
1993
1995
Year
1997
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved June 17, 1991
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Maryland
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
460
2998
3458
454
3056
3510
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
68
*
68
81
2
83
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
59
*
59
70
2
72
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
35
*
35
57
2
59
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
13
*
13
19
2
21
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
0
*
0
1
0
1
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
MASSACHUSETTS
(0 1,500
E
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Massachusetts
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
1418
440
1014
1454
424
1077
1501
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
*
383
1077
1460
Step 2: Delineation
699
131
821
440
1014
1454
383
1077
1460
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
780
420
87
507
368
0
368
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
500
349
*
349
347
158
505
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
821
242
*
242
242
*
242
Comments/Observations/Problems: In 1993 and 1995, "Getting Started" activities were not tracked. In the 1991-1993 reporting
period, the numbers for each step reflects WHPAs, not systems. Massachusetts protects source water; therefore, it is at times difficult
to differentiate systems that are solely groundwater dependent from those that are both ground and surface water sources. Therefore,
mixed systems are included in this table.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
-------
ICHIGAN
(o 150
E
£ 125
(0
S) 100
2 75
re
^ 50
i 25
a. 0
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
1993
1995
Year
1997
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved February 24, 1994
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Michigan
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
13,000
1,322
10,530
11,852
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
134
*
134
95
*
95
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
42
*
42
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
26
*
26
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
14
*
14
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
19
*
19
Comments/Observations/Problems: Michigan's program was approved in February, 1994 and is a voluntary program for the
systems. Any decrease in the total number of PWSs over the reporting periods may be due to regionalization of systems or more
accurate database tracking.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
INNESOTA
(0
E
(0
>
(/)
d)
+¦>
re
.Q
3
Q_
100
75
50
25
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved March 18, 1996
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Minnesota
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
919
7,709
8,628
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
75
*
75
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
9
*
9
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
4
*
4
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
3
*
3
Comments/Observations/Problems: Minnesota's program was approved in March, 1996. The State Wellhead Protection Rule
was promulgated on November 3, 1997 and public water supplies are required to submit WHPPs pursuant to a timeline set by the
Minnesota Department of Health.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
ISSISSIPPI
(o 30
25
cn 20
5 15
re
^ 10
o
s 5
£ o
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved September 30, 1993
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Mississippi
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
1269
309
1578
1250
292
1542
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
26
*
26
27
*
27
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
*
2
27
*
27
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
*
2
27
*
27
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
27
*
27
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
3
*
3
Comments/Observations/Problems: State WHP Program approved 9/30/93
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
600
(0
500
E
400
CO
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Missouri
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
Comments/Observations/Problems: Missouri's program was approved March 17, 1995.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
ONTANA
30
(0
E
re
.Q
3
Q_
10
WHP Impiementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved October 21,1994
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Montana
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
551
1752
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
25
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
25
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
11
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
15
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
19
Comments/Observations/Problems: Montana's program was approved October 21, 1994.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
250
(0
E
200
CO
150
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Nebraska
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
13
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
231
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
16
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
Comments/Observations/Problems: Nebraska's program was approved June 19, 1991.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
(0
E
(0
>
(/)
d)
+¦>
re
.Q
3
Q.
200
150
100
50
NEVADA
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved February 22, 1994
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Nevada
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
282
391
673
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
11
*
11
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
154
23
177
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
154
23
177
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
15
2
17
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
18
4
22
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
EW HAMPSHIRE
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
600
(0
| 500
"go
3) 400
k-
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for New Hampshire
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
2118
645
1463
2108
642
1456
2098
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Step 2: Delineation
97
*
97
334
*
334
603
*
603
Step 3: Identify Sources
18
*
18
74
*
74
451
*
451
Step 4: Manage Sources
4
*
4
244
*
244
451
*
451
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
71
*
71
71
*
71
Comments/Observations/Problems: In 1993, the total number of systems were not separated in to community and non-community. Also, the reported
numbers are WHPAs, not systems, and were assumed to be community water systems, since no activity for non-community water systems, were reported
for the following years. In 1995 and 1997, there was a discrepancy in the total number of ground-water dependent PWS, when adding the number of
CWSs and NCWSs as compared to the total number PWSs as listed in the standard reporting section; the numbers in this chart are the summation totals
rather than the listed total in the report. New Hampshire does not report Step 1.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
-------
NEW JERSEY
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
600
(0 500
E
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for New Jersey
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period 1
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
*
*
*
500
*
500
542
*
542
Total number of systems lhal ha\ e completed: 1
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
50
*
50
168
*
168
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
40
*
40
168
*
168
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
35
*
35
154
*
154
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
12
*
12
94
*
94
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
500
*
500
542
*
542
Comments/Observations/Problems:
1) The 1993-5 figures are estimates as no formal report was submitted.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
NEW MEXICO
400
(0
| 300
"go
>»
(/)
3 200
re
.Q
3
Q_
100
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
z_z
1993
1995
1997
Year
State Program Approved March 16, 1990
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for New Mexico
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
1,174
558
606
1,164
599
663
1,262
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
9
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
4
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
*
*
115
*
*
12
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
325
*
*
6
*
*
o
Comments/Observations/Problems: 91-93 Data is the number of wells vs. number of systems.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
NEW YORK
2,000
(0
| 1,500
to
>»
CO
3 1,000
re
.Q
3
Q_
500
WHP Implementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved September 27, 1990
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for New York
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
2,458
6,740
9,198
1,986
6,499
8,485
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
370
*
370
19851
*
19851
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
220
*
220
19852
*
19852
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
160
*
160
199
*
199
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
85
*
85
174
*
174
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
110
*
110
108
*
108
Comments/Observations/Problems! 1) The establishment of County Water Quality Coordinating Committees (CWQCCs) in all counties is considered to
satisfy the "getting started" criterion. Excluding theactivities of CWQCCs, it is estimated that 438 would satisfy the criteria.
2) All CWS systems are covered by the baseline delineation adopted by the NYS WHPP.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
(0
E
(0
>
CO
d)
+¦>
re
.Q
3
Q_
20
15
10
NORTH CAROLINA
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved March 28, 1995
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for North Carolina
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1853
5606
7459
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
18
*
18
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
5
*
5
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
16
*
16
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
*
2
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
Comments/Observations/Problems: State WHP Program approved 3/28/95
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
NORTH DAKOTA
(o 80
E
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for North Dakota
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
212
452
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
68
*
*
52
*
*
48
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
53
*
*
29
*
*
30
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
13
*
*
36
*
*
33
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
8
*
*
19
*
*
36
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
8
*
*
20
*
*
35
Comments/Observations/Problems: North Dakota's program was approved August 4, 1992.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
250
(0
E
200
CO
150
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Ohio
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
1,304
5,179
6,483
1,164
4,722
5,886
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
99
*
99
123
2
125
239
*
239
Step 2: Delineation
24
*
24
46
1
47
153
*
153
Step 3: Identify Sources
19
*
19
46
1
47
129
*
129
Step 4: Manage Sources
5
*
5
7
0
7
90
*
90
Step 5: Contingency Planning
1
*
1
7
0
7
48
*
48
Comments/Observations/Problems: Ohio's program was approved in May, 1992 and reporting during the first period was optional. Any
decrease in the total number of PWSs over the reporting periods may be due to regionalization of systems or more accurate database tracking.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
500
(0
E
400
CO
300
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Oklahoma
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
1,085
483
1,568
483
445
928
480
400
880
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
2
5
83
11
3
128
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
1
0
61
8
3
95
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
*
*
4
8
3
93
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
*
*
9
0
1
15
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
33
*
*
446
0
1
15
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
PENNSYLVANIA
200
(0
E
(0
>
(/)
(0
.Q
3
Q_
100
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved March 23,1999
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Pennsylvania
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1,769
8,267
10,110
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
154
2
156
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
147
2
149
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
147
2
149
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
7
0
7
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
0
0
Comments/Observations/Problems: During the biennial periods of '91-'93, '93-'95, and '95-'97, Pennsylvania did not have an
approved Wellhead Protection Program. The numbers for the "ground water dependent PWS systems" were not from the biennial
report. The numbers came from a "working points" memo to the Source Water Citizen Advisory Committee members dated 9/98.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
ICK)
(0
E
80
CO
60
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Puerto Rico
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period1
1993-1995
Reporting Period1
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
208
208
194
194
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
*
50
*
50
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
56
*
56
75
*
75
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
56
*
56
90
*
90
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
2
*
2
30
*
30
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
5
*
5
10
*
10
Comments/Observations/Problems: 1) Puerto Rico has systems operated by the quasi-public agency PRASA as well as private, or "non-
PRASA" systems. Unfortunately, PREQB often equates the term "PWS systems" with PRASA systems" and "CWS systems" with "non-
PRASA systems, causing great confusion. The 1995-7 Biennial Report did not contain data on the number of systems achieving the five steps.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
RHODE ISLAND
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
1993 1995 1997
Year
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved March 19, 1990
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Rhode Island
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
449
75
400
475
73
408
481
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
75
*
75
*
*
*
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
449
52
400
452
68
408
476
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
2
370
372
61
291
352
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
*
*
*
4
15
19
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Comments/Observations/Problems! Rhode Island does not track "Getting Started" activities. In the 1991-1993 reporting period, it was reported that 607
wellhead protection areas were delineated which corresponds to all the public wells in the state. Contingency planning authority no longer resides with the Rhode Island
agency responsible for WHP, the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management. However, it was reported that by the end of 1997, 7 of the large systems that
were required to have contingency plans had approved plans.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
-------
SOUTH CAROLINA
20
(0
| 15
+¦>
(0
>»
CO
5 10
re
.Q
3
Q_
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved September 28, 1992
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for South Carolina
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
577
951
1528
559
865
1424
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
5
*
5
7
*
7
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
7
*
7
19
*
19
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
7
*
7
1
*
1
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
1
*
1
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
1
*
1
Comments/Observations/Problems: State WHP Program approved 9/28/92
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
SOUTH DAKOTA
(o 250
I 200
<2 150
0)
I 100
^ 50
.Q
a. 0
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
¦
1993
1995
Year
1997
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved September 10, 1992
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for South Dakota
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
316
584
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
189
*
*
226
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
*
*
54
*
*
61
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
*
*
54
*
*
34
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
*
*
1
*
*
30
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
*
*
1
*
*
1
Comments/Observations/Problems: South Dakota's program was approved on September 30, 1992
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
700
(0
600
E
500
(0
>
CO
400
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Tennessee
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
280
588
868
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
148
*
148
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
148
*
148
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
119
*
119
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
127
*
127
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
127
566
693
Comments/Observations/Problems: State WHP Program approved 7/27/94
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
TEXAS
WHP
Sum
Implementatio
ary of Biennial Data
(o 300
E
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Texas
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
7,741
3,621
2,123
5,744
3,646
2,019
5,665
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
22
98
5
103
120
20
140
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
*
*
*
77
2
79
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
263
43
1
44
28
0
28
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
38
225
62
287
*
*
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
171
148
43
191
61
7
68
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
150
(0
E
100
CO
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Utah
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
387
879
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
*
*
*
11
*
*
132
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
*
*
*
11
*
*
132
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
*
*
*
11
*
*
30
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
*
*
*
8
*
*
30
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
*
*
*
8
*
*
21
Comments/Observations/Problems: Utah's program was approved on September 17, 1992.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
VERMONT
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
1993
1995
1997
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
State Program Approved September 13, 1990
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Vermont
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
380
790
1170
408
828
1236
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
*
*
13
319
*
319
*
*
*
Step 2: Delineation
*
*
450
319
61
380
408
76
484
Step 3: Identify Sources
*
*
13
61
61
122
134
76
210
Step 4: Manage Sources
*
*
10
61
61
122
134
76
210
Step 5: Contingency Planning
*
*
450
61
61
122
134
76
210
Comments/Observations/Problems: All PWSs in Vermont have contingency plans. Vermont does not track "Getting started"
activities in 1995 and 1997. In 1993, the information reported is for WHPAs, not systems.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
-------
50
(0
E
40
CO
30
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Virginia
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
1176
2678
3854
1132
2580
3712
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
24
*
24
35
*
35
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
28
*
28
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
12
*
12
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
1
*
1
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
*
0
0
*
0
Comments/Observations/Problems: Although biennial reports were submitted, Virginia does not have an approved Wellhead Protection
program.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
WASHINGTON
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
2,000
(0
| 1,500
"go
>»
CO
3 1,000
re
£
o
is 500
3
Q_
0
State Program Approved February 24, 1994
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
_
1993
1995
Year
1997
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Washington
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
2203
1803
4042
2154
1781
3935
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
*
*
529
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
*
*
1554
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
*
*
1554
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
*
*
170
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
*
*
*
170
Comments/Observations/Problems: Washington's program was approved February 24, 1994
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
WEST VIRGINIA
400
(0
| 300
"go
>»
(/)
3 200
re
.Q
3
Q_
100
WHP Impiementatio
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
1997
Year
State Program Approved December 17, 1992
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for West Virginia
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
318
1043
1361
305
883
1188
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
151
12
163
238
131
369
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
109
12
121
234
125
359
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
56
0
56
145
43
188
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
0
0
57
11
68
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
0
0
0
57
11
68
Comments/Observations/Problems:
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
WISCONSIN
(0
E
(0
>
(/)
d)
+¦>
re
.Q
3
Q_
100
75
50
25
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved September 23, 1993
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Wisconsin
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
558
11,200
11,758
1,120
10,744
11,864
Total number of systems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
35
*
35
86
*
86
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
25
*
25
86
*
86
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
25
*
25
79
*
79
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
34
*
34
49
*
49
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
34
*
34
66
*
66
Comments/Observations/Problems: Wisconsin's WHPP was approved in September, 1993. The dramatic increase in the number of CWS systems
between reporting periods appears to be due to Wisconsin's distinction between municipal and non-municipal wells that fall under the Federal
definition of community water supply. The reporting for the 1993-1995 is believed to reflect only the municipal systems while the 1995-1997
more accurately reflects the community water supply systems, both municipal and non-municipal.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
-------
WYOMING
.Q
3
Q_
20
(0
i 15
+¦>
(0
>»
CO
5 10
re
WHP Implementation
Summary of Biennial Data
Getting Started
Delineation
Source Identification
Source Management
Contingency Planning
1993
1995
Year
1997
State Program Approved September 18, 1997
-------
Wellhead Protection Implementation for Wyoming
Summary of Biennial Reporting Data
Reporting Period
1991-1993
Reporting Period
1993-1995
Reporting Period
1995-1997
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
CWSs
NCWSs
Total
PWSs
Total number of ground water
dependent PWS systems
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
162
479
Total number of sy stems that have completed:
Step 1: Getting Started
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
16
Step 2: Delineation
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
16
Step 3: Identify Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
16
Step 4: Manage Sources
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
16
Step 5: Contingency Planning
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
*
*
0
Comments/Observations/Problems: Wyoming's program was approved on September 18, 1997.
* Data not available/or optional reporting
N/A - Not applicable (Program not approved during reporting period)
------- |