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September 2009
Version 2
Definition of Solid Waste Compendium
Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery
Materials Recovery and Waste Management Division
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RCRA Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
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i
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RCRA Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Main Index
Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Navigation Tips i
Main Index ii
Introduction iii
Resources 1
Glossary of Acronyms 6
Compendium Volumes
Volume
Topic
A
Exclusions
B
Abandoned Materials
C
Military Munitions
D
Use Constituting Disposal (UCD)
E
Burning for Energy Recovery
F
Reclamation
G
Speculative Accumulation
H
Spent Materials
I
Sludges
J
By-Products
K
Commercial Chemical Products
L
Inherently Waste-Like Materials
M
Use/Reuse
N
Legitimate Recycling
0
Recyclable Materials
P
Precious Metals Reclamation
Q
Spent Lead-Acid Batteries
R
Universal Waste
S
Case-by-Case Variances
T
Incidental Processing
U
(Un)-Contained Gases
V
Waste-Specific Issues
Main Index
ii
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RCRA Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Introduction
Return to: Main Index
About the Compendium
The Definition of Solid Waste Compendium serves as a user-friendly reference to
assist Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state staff, industrial facilities
generating and managing solid and hazardous wastes, as well as the general public, in
locating resources addressing specific regulatory issues within the federal Definition of
Solid Waste regulations. Please note that this reference is designed to be web-based;
therefore, the usefulness of the document is maximized when it is viewed on a computer
that is connected to the internet.
A frequently mentioned comment from stakeholders is the need for EPA to
improve the user-friendliness of the existing regulations. Commenters note that the
applicable Definition of Solid Waste regulations and relevant guidance materials are
difficult to locate and use. As a result, stakeholders have difficulty in understanding the
regulations and identifying solid waste. The objective of this document is to address
some of the commenters' concerns by consolidating and streamlining the Definition of
Solid Waste into a helpful reference tool that features a user-friendly format, including
references to EPA FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), letters, memoranda, and
guidance documents that EPA has provided to the public through the years to help
stakeholders interpret the Definition of Solid Waste. This document does not change any
of the existing solid or hazardous waste requirements.
The resources referenced in the Compendium may include Federal Register (FR)
notices, documents from Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Online (e.g.,
RCRA Hotline Q&A's, letters, and memoranda issued by EPA), and other resources, as
well as relevant Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) language. We have attempted to
identify the relevant resources for each Compendium volume topic. However, please
note that EPA could have inadvertently overlooked a relevant document and did not
reference it. Certain available resources, such as superseded RCRA Online documents
and items that were judged to be not pertinent, have not been referenced. Most of the
referenced resources are not included or reproduced in the Compendium; instead,
hyperlinks to the resources are provided. As an exception, we have included a version of
relevant sections of the most current CFR language (as of the date on the cover of the
Compendium) that we have reformatted to make it easier to read and find citations of
interest. In addition, we also provide links to the Government Printing Office's
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations Web site (e-CFR), which is updated almost daily.
Please note that this document is also not a rulemaking in any way. As well, the
included reformatted CFR language is not a substitute for the CFR itself or the
requirements in the CFR. The Government Printing Office frequently updates the e-CFR
Web site; where appropriate, hyperlinks to the respective CFR section at the e-CFR Web
site are provided.
Introduction
iii
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RCRA Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
This reference document presents only the federal Definition of Solid Waste.
Most states are authorized to manage their own solid and hazardous waste generator
regulatory program. Therefore, states may have their own set of regulations that apply in
lieu of federal regulations, and while most state solid and hazardous waste regulations are
based on the federal requirements, some states have developed regulations more stringent
than the federal program. We direct you to the following Web site to determine if the
state regulatory program is different from the federal program:
http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/wvl/stateprograms.htm.
The Definition of Solid Waste includes multiple subtopics, and is codified under
40 CFR. To help users of the Compendium more quickly identify the information they
need, and to make the Compendium more user-friendly in an electronic environment, the
Compendium has been divided into multiple volumes. These volumes are available
through EPA's Definition of Solid Waste Web site at
http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/hazard/dsw/compendium.htm. Because regulations are
promulgated throughout the year, EPA intends to update the Compendium volumes
periodically to remain up-to-date with regulations relating to the Definition of Solid
Waste.
About the Legitimate Recycling Volume
This volume of the Compendium references resources pertaining to legitimate
recycling as it relates to the Definition of Solid Waste and hazardous waste recycling
regulations. The Resources section is comprised of a table that provides basic details
about and a hyperlink to each resource. Please see the "Navigation Tips" section for
document navigation guidance.
This reference document does not provide guidance on solid waste or hazardous
waste regulations beyond issues concerning resources pertaining to legitimate recycling
as it relates to the Definition of Solid Waste and hazardous waste recycling regulations.
For more information regarding the various regulations applied to facilities generating or
managing hazardous waste, see Hazardous Waste Generators: A User Friendly Reference
Document.
The Compendium volumes are also available in Microsoft Word format from
EPA upon request. For more information on these versions and any other questions or
comments concerning this document, please contact EPA's Office of Resource
Conservation and Recovery:
Amanda Geldard
geldard.amanda@epa.gov
(703) 347-8975
Teena Wooten
wooten.teena@epa.gov
(703) 308-8751
Introduction
iv
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RCR 4 Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Resources
Return to: Main Index
Resource
Document
Date
Type
Topic is
Focus?
Link to EPA
Summary
Link to
Resource
1.
45 FR 33084 - Hazardous Waste Management
System: General (Final) [p. 33093]
5/19/1980
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
2.
48 FR 11157- M&T Chemicals, Inc; Approval of
Application to Conditionally Register a Pesticide
Product Involving a Changed Use Pattern
(Notice) [pp. 11157-11160]
3/16/1983
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
3.
50 FR 614 - Amendments to Definition of Solid
Waste (Final) [pp. 638, 648-649]
1/4/1985
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
4.
50 FR 1684 - Hazardous Waste Burned for
Energy Recovery (Proposed) [p. 1690]
1/11/1985
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
5.
50 FR 49164 - Burning of Waste Fuel and Used
Oil Fuel in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces
(Final) [pp. 49166-49167]
11/29/1985
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
6.
52 FR 16982 - Burning Hazardous Waste in
Boilers and Industrial Furnaces (Proposed) [p.
17013]
5/6/1987
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
7.
53 FR 519 - Amendments to Definition of Solid
Waste (Proposed) [p. 522]
1/8/1988
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
8.
53 FR 17578 - Land Disposal Restrictions -
First Third (Proposed) [pp. 17605-17606]
5/17/1988
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
9.
54 FR 43178 - Burning of Hazardous Waste in
Boilers and Industrial Furnaces (Supplement to
Proposed Rule) [pp. 43731-43732]
10/26/1989
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
10.
54 FR 48372 - Land Disposal Restrictions for
Third Scheduled Waste part 2 (Final) [pp.
48493-48494]
11/22/1989
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
11.
56 FR 7134 - Burning Hazardous Waste in
Boilers and Industrial Furnaces (Final) [pp.
7143, 7149, 7159, 7183-7184, 7185]
2/21/1991
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
Return to: Main Index
Resources 1
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RCK4 Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Resource
Document
Date
Type
Topic is
Focus?
Link to EPA
Summary
Link to
Resource
12.
56 FR 42504 - Burning of Hazardous Waste in
Boilers and Industrial Furnaces (Final) [pp.
42508-42509]
8/27/1991
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
13.
60 FR 11702- Land Disposal Restrictions-
Phase III (Proposed) [pp. 11732-11733]
3/2/1995
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
14.
60 FR 57747 - Identification and Listing of
Hazardous Wastes (Proposed) [p.57781]
11/20/1995
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
15.
62 FR 6622 - Military Munitions: Hazardous
Waste Identification and Management (Final)
[pp. 6630-6631]
2/12/1997
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
16.
62 FR 26041 - Land Disposal Restrictions
Phase IV: Second Supplemental Proposal on
Treatment Standards for Metal Wastes and
Mineral Processing Wastes (Supplemental
Proposed) [pp. 26061-26062]
5/12/1997
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
17.
63 FR 28555 - Land Disposal Restrictions
Phase IV: Final Rule Promulgating Treatment
Standards for Metal Wastes and Mineral
Processing Wastes (Final) [p. 28587]
5/26/1998
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
18.
64 FR 36466 - Land Disposal Restrictions
Phase IV (Technical Correction) [pp. 36466,
36477-36478]
7/6/1999
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
19.
64 FR 63382 - Identification and Listing of
Hazardous Wastes (Proposed) [pp. 63450-
63451]
11/19/1999
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
20.
65 FR 70953 - Requirements for Zinc Fertilizers
Made From Recycled Hazardous Secondary
Materials (Proposed) [pp. 70953-70982]
11/28/2000
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
21.
67 FR 11251 - Definition of Solid Waste; Toxicity
Federal
Characteristic (Proposed) [p. 11252]
22. 67 FR 13683 - Regulation of Hazardous Oil-
Bearing Secondary Materials From the
Petroleum Refining Industry and Other
Hazardous Secondary Materials Processed in a
Gasification System To Produce Synthesis Gas
(Proposed) [pp. 13691-13692]
3/13/2002 Register
Federal
3/25/2002 Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
Yes
N/A
PDF
Return to: Main Index
Resources
2
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RCR 4 Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Resource
Document
Date
Type
Topic is
Focus?
Link to EPA
Summary
Link to
Resource
23.
67 FR 40508 - Cathode Ray Tubes and
Mercury-Containing Equipment (Proposed) [p.
40513]
6/12/2002
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
24.
67 FR 48393 - Zinc Fertilizers Made From
Recycled Hazardous Secondary Materials
(Final) [pp. 48393-48415]
7/24/2002
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
25.
68 FR 61538 - Revisions to the Definition of
Solid Waste (Proposed) [pp. 61581-61588]
10/28/2003
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
26.
71 FR 42928 - Cathode Ray Tubes (Final) [pp.
42927-42949]
7/28/2006
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
27.
72 FR 14172 - Revisions to the Definition of
Solid Waste (Supplemental Proposed) [pp.
14197-14201]
3/26/2007
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF
28.
73 FR 64668 - Revisions to the Definition of
Solid Waste (Final) [pp. 64700-64710; 64741-
64750]
10/30/2008
Federal
Register
Yes
N/A
PDF(64668-
64716)
PDF (64717-
64766)
PDF (64767-
64788)
29.
HAZARDOUS WASTE BURNED FOR ENERGY
RECOVERY VS. INCINERATION
5/1/1983
Q & A
Yes
Summarv
PDF
30.
INTERIM STATUS NEEDED FOR OPEN
BURNING (OB)
1/1/1984
Q & A
Yes
Summary
PDF
31.
COPPER-BEARING SECONDARY
MATERIALS AS FEEDSTOCK
3/22/1988
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
32.
DROSS FROM ALUMINUM SMELTING USED
IN MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT
2/7/1989
Letter
No
Summary
PDF
33.
RECYCLING OF ELECTROPLATING
SLUDGES (F006) FOR CEMENT/AGGREGATE
MANUFACTURE ("Lowrance Memo")
4/26/1989
Memo
Yes
Summary
PDF
34.
REGULATORY STATUS OF F006
RECLAMATION PROCESS
8/23/1989
Letter
No
Summary
PDF
35.
RECYCLING OF K061 AS AN INGREDIENT IN
CEMENT
2/13/1990
Memo
Yes
Summary
PDF
36.
GROUNDWATER "CONTAINED IN" POLICY
5/1/1990
Q & A
Yes
Summary
PDF
Return to: Main Index
Resources
3
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RCR 4 Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Resource
Document
Date
Type
Topic is
Focus?
Link to EPA
Summary
Link to
Resource
37.
TANK TREATMENT SYSTEM OF METAL-RICH
RINSEWATERS
8/1/1990
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
38.
K-WASTE FILTER CAKE IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT
12/21/1990
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
39.
HAZARDOUS WASTEWATERS USED AS
QUENCHWATER IN CEMENT PRODUCTION
2/15/1991
Letter
No
Summary
PDF
40.
TWO WASTE OIL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
REGULATORY STATUS
6/5/1991
Memo
Yes
Summary
PDF
41.
USE OF PETROLEUM-CONTAMINATED
SOILS AS AN INGREDIENT IN ASPHALT
BATCHING
6/20/1991
Memo
No
Summary
PDF
42.
BAGHOUSE DUSTS USED AS, OR TO
PRODUCE, AGGREGATE
6/21/1991
Letter
No
Summary
PDF
43.
MATERIALS USED IN FERTILIZER
PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
10/11/1991
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
44.
STATUS OF UNLISTED COMMERCIAL
CHEMICAL PRODUCTS WHEN RECYCLED
2/23/1993
Letter
No
Summary
PDF
45.
CLARIFICATION OF THE TERM ""WHEN"" IN
40 CFR 261.2(c)
5/6/1993
Letter
No
Summary
PDF
46.
HAZARDOUS WASTE RECYCLING
REGULATIONS TO A PROPOSED INK
RECYCLING PROCESS
9/1/1993
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
47.
REGULATORY DETERMINATION ON THE
STATUS OF PRECIOUS METAL RECOVERY
FURNACES
12/27/1993
Memo
Yes
Summary
PDF
48.
REGULATORY STATUS OF NATURAL GAS
PIPELINE CONDENSATE
4/15/1994
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
49.
SHAM RECYCLING POLICY AS IT PERTAINS
TO THE BOILER AND INDUSTRIAL FURNACE
RULE
6/7/1994
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
50.
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR MERCURY-
CONTAINING LAMPS
7/14/1994
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
Return to: Main Index
Resources
4
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RCR 4 Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Resource
Document
Date
Type
Topic is
Focus?
Link to EPA
Summary
Link to
Resource
51.
CLARIFICATION: IS A FACILITY THAT HAS A
""PRIMARY PURPOSE"" OF BURNING
HAZARDOUS WASTE FOR DESTRUCTION
SUBJECT TO RCRA REGULATIONS?
7/21/1994
Memo
Yes
Summarv
PDF
52.
PROCESSING LEAD ABATEMENT DEBRIS
TO MEET HAZARDOUS WASTE RECYCLER'S
SPECIFICATIONS IS NOT ""TREATMENT"" AS
DEFINED IN 40 CFR 260.10
10/7/1994
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
53.
REGULATORY INTERPRETATIONS UNDER
RCRA CONCERNING CERTAIN FUEL
BLENDING SCENARIOS
11/8/1994
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
54.
SOLID WASTE DETERMINATION FOR
SPILLED COMMERCIAL CHEMICAL
PRODUCTS
5/1/1995
Q & A
Yes
Summary
PDF
55.
USE OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS AND
NON-HAZARDOUS WASTES AS FEEDSTOCK
FOR A CATALYTIC EXTRACTION
PROCESSING (CEP) UNIT
4/12/1996
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
56.
REGULATORY STATUS OF RECYCLING
FOUNDRY SANDS AND FUTURE CHANGES
TO THE REGULATIONS GOVERNING
HAZARDOUS WASTE RECYCLING
4/22/1996
Letter
No
Summary
PDF
57.
CLARIFICATION OF THE DEFINITION OF
COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE TREATMENT
TECHNOLOGY & DISPOSAL CAPACITY VIS-
A-VIS RCRA SECTION 3004(J)
7/5/1996
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
58.
SPENT ALUMINUM POTLINER (K088)
RECYCLING
2/24/1997
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
59.
REGULATORY STATUS OF VITRIFICATION
PROCESSES FOR SPENT ALUMINUM
POTLINER
7/30/1997
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
60.
USE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES TO PRODUCE
FERTILIZERS
8/12/1997
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
61.
REGULATORY STATUS OF USED PARTS
WASHING SOLVENT
8/21/1998
Letter
No
Summary
PDF
62.
CLASSIFICATION OF SPENT FERRIC
CHLORIDE MATERIAL USED IN WASTE
WATER TREATMENT
3/15/1999
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
Return to: Main Index
Resources
5
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RCR 4 Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Resource
Document
Date
Type
Topic is
Focus?
Link to EPA
Summary
Link to
Resource
63.
DRAFT GUIDANCE ON INCIDENTAL
PROCESSING AND RECLAMATION
2000
Memo
No
N/A
PDF
64.
GUIDANCE ON WASTEWATER TREATMENT
8/4/2000
Memo
No
Summary
PDF
65.
RCRA REQUIREMENTS FOR FOUNDRY
SANDS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CASTINGS
3/28/2001
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
66.
REGULATORY STATUS OF DROP-OUT SLAG
GENERATED AT ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES
5/17/2001
Letter
Yes
Summary
PDF
67.
REGULATORY STATUS OF THE CATOXID
FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR
11/15/2001
Memo
No
Summary
PDF
68.
GUIDANCE FOR IDENTIFYING INCIDENTAL
PROCESSING ACTIVITIES
10/4/2005
Memo
No
Summary
PDF
Return to: Main Index
Resources
6
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RCR 4 Definition of Solid Waste Compendium - Volume N: Legitimate Recycling
Glossary of Acronyms
Return to: Main Index
Acronym
Meaning
CEP
Catalytic Extraction Processing
CFR
Code of Federal Regulations
e-CFR
electronic Code of Federal Regulations
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
FR
Federal Register
OB
Open Burning
RCRA
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Glossary of Acronyms
7
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