Dear Colleagues,
CONTENTS
I am pleased to present the 2019 issue of SRFs Up, the annual
newsletter of the Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF)
program. This state and federal partnership continues to make
a significant contribution to public health and the quality of our
nation's waters. The 51 CWSRF programs have now reached nearly
$140 billion in assistance provided with over 40,000 assistance
agreements.
Despite the success of the CWSRF, many stakeholders still need
to be informed about the existence of the program, how it works,
and how it can be further utilized to protect public health and
water quality. To that end, many SRFs have undertaken a variety
of marketing and outreach efforts. This issue highlights several of
these state activities and celebrates the success of these efforts.
You'll also find information about our outstanding PISCES program:
Performance and Innovation in the SRF Creating Environmental
Success recipients. These noteworthy projects help tell the story of
the program's success.
Looking ahead, EPA will continue to support the 51 CWSRF programs
as they tell the story of the public health and water quality benefits of
the CWSRF. I look forward to sharing this information with you in the
future.
Clean Water State
Revolving Fund Program
Assistance
State Focus: Vermont
PISCES:
Performance and
Innovation in the
SRF Creating
Environmental
Success
Headquarters
Updates
8
Andrew Sawyers, Ph.D., Director, Office of Wastewater Management

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CLEAN WATER STATE REVOLVING FUND PROGRAM ASSISTANCE
The CWSRF has a strong history of providing affordable financing for the nation's wastewater needs. Effective
communication with stakeholders is vital to maintaining a successful program. The CWSRF Program Assistance
initiative is a coordinated set of federal and state activities intended to expand awareness of the CWSRF program
and build demand for assistance. If your state would like to get involved with our program assistance efforts or
participate in any of the programs offered, please contact the general CWSRF inbox at CWSRF@epa.gov. Take a look
at what is being done!
CWSRF Bulletins *
The EPA CWSRF team is developing a series of
bulletins to distribute information to the CWSRF
community. A program bulletin on Watershed
Financing Partnerships was finalized in June.
This bulletin discusses the watershed financing
partnerships as a way to finance nonpoint source
projects on a watershed basis. In September the "Five
Fi's" program bulletin was finalized, which discusses
five innovative financing mechanisms available to the
CWSRFs: programmatic financing, portfolio financing,
extended term financing, sponsorship financing,
and co-financing. The next bulletin is expected to
be distributed early next year and will focus on how
CWSRF programs can coordinate with the DWSRF to
finance source water protection projects.
Surveys and Focus Groups
Surveys and focus groups can be used to gain
better insight into the perception of SRF programs
by stakeholders. They can identify areas where
streamlining or additional outreach may be needed to
accelerate assistance provided.
This year, Arizona held a focus group to gain better
insight into the perception of their program by
potential assistance recipients and consulting
engineers. This focus group was a follow-up from a
survey conducted the prior year. Three additional
states (LA, TN, and VA) initiated work on developing
marketing surveys. The surveys and focus groups
helped identify several areas that each state should
focus on in their marketing and streamlining efforts. A
summary of the takeaways from past focus groups is
included in the report, "Clean Water State Revolving
Fund Impressions: Common Perceptions Identified by
CWSRF Focus Groups," available on the SRF Marketing
and Outreach SharePoint site.
If you are interested in receiving technical assistance
to conduct surveys or focus groups for your CWSRF
program, contact Kelly Tucker at tucker.kellv@eDa.gov.
Oklahoma Marketing Pilot mr
Oklahoma's participation in a marketing survey and
focus group showed impressive results:
•	33% increase in overall CWSRF Project Priority List
submissions in state FY2019 over 2018 and 24%
increase in state FY2018 and 2017
•	Significant increase in CWSRF Project Priority List
submissions for eligible entities with populations
of 3,300 or less from state FY2018 through 2020;
remaining consistent at 12 for the last two years
The EPA CWSRF team also provided technical
assistance to the Oklahoma CWSRF to develop a
marketing plan for their program using the Model
State Marketing Plan (MSMP), which was released in
May 2017. This exercise produced ideas for several
marketing activities for the Oklahoma Water Resources
Board (OWRB)to pursue, including writing compelling
newsletter content, developing a strong email
newsletter list, and producing marketing videos.
As a result of OWRB's use of the MSMP, EPA received
valuable input on how the plan could be improved to
make it a better tool for other SRF programs. Next year,
EPA plans to update the MSMP by streamlining the
process and making it more interactive.
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Kelly's
Eligibility
Korner
Q: How can the CWSRF support
water quality trading?
A: The CWSRF can finance eligible
projects that generate credits. Any
money earned from the sale of the
credits can remain with the borrower
and may be used to repay the SRF
loan. The SRF cannot fund the
purchase of pollutant credits.
Cover crops reduce erosion by wind and water, uptake available
nutrients, create living roots that feed soil biology and open
channels for water to infiltrate and sequester carbon.
Photo courtesy of Kansas Dept. of Health and Enviroment
Kansas Nonpoint Source Pilot
In our ongoing partnership with the Nonpoint Source
(NPS) program, we are working with the Kansas SRF
Program and the State's NPS program to use CWSRF to
help kick-start adoption of no-tili cover crop agriculture.
The use of CWSRF to purchase specialized equipment
necessary to scale up this beneficial practice is a
first for the State and may be a model for others to
follow. The equipment offers a low-risk way for farmers
to try out this practice, and the rental fees offer a
source for repaying the loan. Water quality impacts
from conventional till agriculture are extensive across
the midwest and great plains states and widescale
adoption of this practice can significantly decrease
nutrient pollution, restore soil health, lower fertilizer
costs and ultimately improve a farmer's bottom line.
The rejuvenated soils also require less irrigation, which
conserves water, potentially qualifying such projects for
the green project reserve.
Q: Are flood control projects
eligible for CWSRF assistance?
A: Flood control projects that manage,
reduce, treat, or recapture stormwater
are eligible for CWSRF assistance.
Projects that protect publicly owned
treatment works and conveyance
systems from flooding are also
eligible.
For access to the SRF
Marketing and Outreach
SharePoint site or information
on the Program Assistance sub-
workgroup, please contact
CWSRF@epa.aov.
SRFs Up - Page 3
2019 Issue

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STATE FOCUS: Vermont's Water Infrastructure Sponsorship Program
An Interview with Teriso Thomas, Water Infrastructure Finance Supervisor
In 2018, the EPA CWSRF partnered with the EPA 319
Program to assist the Vermont CWSRF in a nonpoint
source pilot to build closer ties between the CWSRF
program and the state nonprofit community by
developing an effective sponsorship program.
A key feature of the Vermont Nonpoint Source
Sponsorship Working Group Pilot included
organizing and facilitating a group of nonprofits and
municipalities to attend a focus group. The group
provided Vermont with feedback from potential
sponsors and implementers, which informed initial
program set-up and processes. The focus group
findings are included in the "Vermont Nonpoint Source
Sponsorship Working Group Report," available on
the CWSRF SharePoint site. The report provides an
in-depth look at the steps and considerations that
went into developing Vermont's Water Infrastructure
Sponsorship Program (WISPr).
Vermont's pilot and findings in the focus groups may
be helpful to other state CWSRF programs seeking to
build relationships with environmental nonprofits to
generate higher demand for NPS funding. We asked
Terisa Thomas, Vermont Water Infrastructure Finance
Supervisor to provide some information on Vermont's
experience.
Q: Why did Vermont decide to use the sponsorship
approach to attract and fund nonpoint source projects
as opposed to other options such as pass-through
lending?
A: The idea to create a sponsorship program was
identified by our state treasurer in a 2017 clean water
financing report that looked for creative sources of
funding for the "all in" approach to dealing with our
nutrient loading and water quality challenges.
Q: What were some obstacles Vermont faced in the
process, and how did you work through them?
A: We had a number of challenges. The biggest was
the communication needed to explain this concept
through the legislature. Previously, our program's
eligibilities were largely unchanged for 30 years
(municipalities, mostly wastewater only). Sponsorship
required a significant re-write of statute. Additionally
Vermont has a requirement that munis must bond for
their projects (get a vote of the voters), and that was
almost a deal breaker. We crafted exemption language
into the statute and that requirement was no longer a
barrier.
Finally, the question of how to offset the losses of the
sponsored projects continued to be raised. We already
create generous forgiveness for additional subsidy
and needed to preserve adsub for our municipalities'
traditional projects. To answer that, the program
proposed to charge private entities a higher admin
rate than munis, use that extra capital to offset these
"losses" from WISPr.
Beyond this issue, we had requested the opening of the
program to private entities on a couple of occasions
and there was strong resistance to this change with
this real or perceived fear that the private entities
would steal all the municipal money. This was despite
the fund being underutilized by our municipalities.
We made a number of negotiations with the Vermont
League of Cities and Towns to protect the priority
to municipalities—they have priority always before
private entities, no more than 20% of available funds
can be used for private projects, and all private entity
projects must get a letter of approval from the relevant
municipalities. Upon these additions, Vermont League
of Cities and Towns (VLCT) actually testified in favor
of the changes in the legislature. Vermont has some
very strict clean water regulations coming down the
road and I think they appreciated that it would be an
advantage to the municipalities for their businesses,
mobile home parks, and homeowners associations
to have affordable access to financing for their water
quality requirements, particularly as it relates to
stormwater.
Q: How did feedback from the working group shape the
design of the WISPR program?
A: This was incredibly valuable. Honestly, we ended up
throwing away most of our designed program materials
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after this meeting. We've had a number of changes
since then, but the information received was priceless.
Q: Are there any key ways that WISPR is unique from
other CWSRF sponsorship programs?
A: It's most similar to Ohio's program and they and
Iowa have been critical partners in the development of
this program. We don't directly consider stormwater
projects as eligible natural resource projects for
sponsorship, though it is likely that SW retention may
be a co-benefit. The "recup" of the funding via private
entity eligibility is also a potentially new twist.
Q: Does Vermont continue to correspond with
participants from the workgroup?
A: This has probably been the most valuable part of
the workgroup. Our program has developed a strong
connection to our implementer partners, and they
have played an active role in advising and project
identification. We try to meet quarterly.
Q: Although it has only been a little over a year since
the implementation of WISPR, has Vermont seen
any changes in the program in terms of assistance
provided, needs categories, or different types of
borrowers, etc.?
A: We have seen lots of changes and are undergoing
version 2.0 as we speak. It is a challenging program
to start from scratch and we need "wins" under our
belt to make this type of project a municipal priority.
You have to match up dollar amounts, schedules,
and most importantly a willing municipality. We are
recraftingthe program as a natural infrastructure
program to better describe the triple bottom line
benefits (people, planet, profit) to the communities.
The larger hope is to encourage our munis to invest
in natural infrastructure as they do alternatives
analyses for their capital improvement needs. The
newly emerging WISPr 2.0 proposes to uses WISPr
as a (free) tool to show and communicate these co-
benefits.
Q: Did relationships fostered with workgroup
participants lead to any of them borrowing from the
WISPR?
A: Not yet, but we have one municipality who attended,
was very skeptical at first, and is now set to be our first
WISPr applicant. They are going to use their WISPr
allocation as match for an Army Corps of Engineers
542 grant which will leverage a huge natural resource
project with multiple co-benefits.
Q: What types of marketing and outreach documents
and tools, if any, are available to the public now or in
the works relative to WISPR?
A: Very few. We have put together a policy, but with the
re-vamp (affectionately WISPr 2.0) this needs updated.
This is an area we have really struggled with capacity-
wise and could use more focus in the future. We
haven't added staff and have attempted to implement
this program within existing staffing levels, which has
proven challenging.
Q: In the pilot, it says that the goal of WISPR is to
counter the loss of ecological function and biological
diversity that jeopardize the health of Vermont's water
resources. Are there any other goals for the program
that may be relevant at this time?
A: I think this is still a true statement, but now we
are becoming increasingly concerned with municipal
affordability. We have community colleges closing,
declining and aging population, and ever-increasing
infrastructure costs that must be absorbed somehow.
In WISPr 2.0, we are interested in demonstrating cost
effectiveness of natural infrastructure and its role in
climate resiliency, retention, and avoided future costs
for source water protection.
For more information about Vermont's WISPR
program, contact Terisa Thomas atterisa.
thomas@vermont.gov or 802-249-2413.
VERMONT
SRFs Up - Page 5
2019 Issue

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PISCES: Performance and Innovation in
fhe SRF Creating Environmental Success
The CWSRF's Performance and Innovation in the SRF
Creating Environmental Success (PISCES) program
recognizes projects that have demonstrated excellence in
promoting EPA's mission of protecting human health and the
environment. Many of these projects have taken a creative
role in meeting their specific water quality goals.
The 2019 PISCES projects continue to showcase the wide
breadth of CWSRF-eligible projects and the use of innovative financing strategies by state
programs to fund them. Two projects on opposite ends of the country worked in schools;
one involved science students in planning to address flooding on a schoolyard, the other
replaced lead fixtures with water efficient ones in a 20-school district. One project utilized
resource recovery techniques to reuse biogas for a city's bus fleet, another converts
phosphorus into fertilizer.
The CWSRF is proud to showcase these projects and more that represent the innovation and
dedication of the 51 state CWSRF programs. The 13 exceptional and 17 honorable mention
projects will be recognized for their exceptional work at the 2019 Council of Infrastructure
Financing Authorities (CIFA) Workshop.
PISCES
2019 North Carolina PISCES Project: Bioenergy
Recovery Project
2019 New Jersey PISCES Project: Jersey City
Municipal Utility Authority Green Infrastructure
For more information on these exciting projects, please visit www.epa.gQv/cwsrf/pisces.
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2019 PISCES Exceptional Projects
4 Wastewater Treatment Facility Upgrade, NH
4 Jersey City Municipal Utilities Authority Green
Infrastructure, NJ
4 Sterling Run Conservation and Restoration,
PA
4 Living Shorelines Resiliency Loan Program,
VA
4 Bioenergy Recovery Project, NC
4 Florence Acquires Non-Viable Timmonsville
System, SC
4 Storm water and Deicing Capacity Project, IN
4 Pumping Station 15 Rehabilitation, Wl
4 Peralta Regional Sanitary Sewer Project,
NM
4 Storm Sewer Restoration and Repair, KS
4 Dell Rapids Wastewater Treatment Facility,
SD
4 Adonis Sewer Connection to Town of
Marana, AZ
4 Boise Public School District. Lead
Remediation, ID
2019 PISCES Honorable
Block Island Landfill Slope Repair Project, Rl
4 Ocean Outfall and WWTP Upgrade, DE
4 Conococheague WWTP Enhanced Nutrient
Removal, MD
4 Morgantown Wastewater Treatment Facility
Upgrade, WV
4 Hanceville WWTP Solar Energy System, AL
4 Biosolids Energy Efficiency Project, FL
4 West Hickman WWTP Wet Weather Storage and
Headworks, KY
4 Franklin Water Reclamation Facility
Modifications and Expansion Project, TN
Phase 2 and 3 West Washington Street
Mention Projects
Stormwater Improvements, IL
4 WWTF Biosolids, Dewatering/Storage, &
Septic Receiving Project, Ml
4 St. Cloud Nutrient & Energy Recovery Project,
MN
4 Upper Sandusky WWTP Upgrade, OH
4 Rapides Parish Sewer District No. 2
Wastewater Consolidation, LA
4 City of Elk Downstown Streetscape Project, OK
4 Havre Wastewater System Improvements, MT
4 Scow Bay Pump Station 1 Upgrade, AK
4 Oak Harbor Clean Water Facility Project, WA
fate Harbor
^Mjer facility
2019 Washington PISCES Project: Oak Harbor Clean Water Facility Project
SRFs Up - Page 7
2019 Issue

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2017 Illinois PISCES Project: Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago Phosphorus Recovery Facility
HEADQUARTERS UPDATES
America's Water Infrastructure Act
On October 23, 2018, America's Water Infrastructure
Act (AWIA) was signed into law to improve drinking water
and water quality, deepen infrastructure investments,
enhance public health and quality of life, increase jobs,
and bolsters the economy. AWIA included several CWSRF-
related provisions:
12th CWSRF Eligibility
AWIA included a provision which adds a twelfth CWSRF
project eligibility. The new eligibility, section 603(c)(12),
places emphasis on the important role that
qualified nonprofits can play in providing badly needed
assistance with the repair or replacement of
decentralized systems. Under this eligibility, assistance
may be provided to a qualified nonprofit entity to provide
assistance to an eligible individual for the repair or
replacement of household decentralized
wastewater treatment systems. Projects to connect an
individual household to an available publicly
owned treatment works are also eligible, where it is cost
effective. Eligible individuals have a combined
household income that is less than 50 percent of their
state's median nonmetropolitan household
income. The new eligibility does not change what is
eligible under the other eleven eligibilities listed in
section 603(c) of the Clean Water Act. A project is eligible
for CWSRF assistance, if it meets the criteria of any one
of the twelve CWSRF eligibilities.
Sewer Overflow Grant Program
AWIA of 2018 amended the Sewer Overflow and
Stormwater Reuse Municipal Grant section of the Clean
Watersheds Act. This program is designed to make
grants to States for the purpose of providing grants to
municipalities for planning, design, and construction
of projects that would manage, reduce, reuse, or treat
combined sewer overflows, sanitary sewer overflows,
or stormwater. A cost-share component and a green
project reserve would apply. This program is authorized
and is awaiting an appropriation. Funds would be
distributed to the states through an allotment formula
developed using the Clean Water Needs Survey along
with additional criteria. More information will be
available on this program in the near future.
DWSRF's Expanded Source Water Protection-
Related Eligibilities
Congress amended section 1452(k) of the Safe
Drinking Water Act to expand source water protection-
related eligibilities under DWSRF's 15 percent set-
aside for local assistance and other state programs.
Updates to source water assessments are now eligible
for funding and expenditures under section 1452(k)
(1)(D) may now go beyond wellhead protection
programs to include the implementation of source
water protection activities. A July 2019 memo to Water
Division Directors is available on the DWSRF website:
https://www.epa.gov/dwsrf/program-policv-and-
gu i d a n ce-d ri n ki n g-wa te r-sta te-revo I vi n g-f u n d-o ro gr a m.
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Clean Watersheds Needs Survey
The Office of Water received preliminary funding in
FY2019 to begin planning for the next iteration of the
Clean Watersheds Needs Survey. Headquarters is
organizing the CWNS State Coordinating Committee,
which will convene this Fall to begin discussion of
survey scope, process, documentation requirements,
and timeline. This preliminary funding will also be
used to begin development of a new Data Entry Portal
(DEP), which will be built on a new platform and will
interface with the new SRF National Information
Management System/CWSRF Benefits Reporting
systems update to the greatest extent possible. Please
contact the CWSRF team CWSRF@epa.gov for more
information.
SRF Training Workshops
The SRF has exciting Training Workshop Support
Activities coming up in FY2020. These training
workshop support activities will target the states
and other practitioners implementing the SRF
programs, while providing a forum for training in the
programmatic, financial, and technical aspects of
the Drinking Water and Clean Water SRF programs.
They will also address new developments in the state
programs, promote best management practices,
identify environmental outputs and outcomes, and
encourage innovative approaches when dealing with
the programmatic and financial aspects of each
program.
SRFs Up - Page 9	2019 Issue
In November 2019 the Council of Financing
Infrastructure Authorities (CIFA) will organize and
produce a national workshop in Cleveland, Ohio,
that focuses on all 51 SRF programs. A second
workshop, designed by the American Water Work
Association (AWWA), will cover topics relevant to SRF
and WIFIA. Finally, a third workshop will be held by
the New England Interstate Water Pollution Control
Commission (NEIWPCC), who intends to organize
training support activities that focus on the Region
1 SRFs. These two workshops are currently in the
planning phases and dates and locations will be
determined and announced in the coming months.
We are pleased to be working with these three
organizations and look forward to the workshops.
2017 Minnesota PISCES Project: Rock County Land
Management, Fluit Farm late season nitrogen application
sprayer
AIS Site Visit: Water Reclamation Facility Expansion
Project, Apopka, FL

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American Iron and Steel
AIS Site Visits and Outreach
As part of the American Iron and Steel (AIS) provision,
EPA conducts outreach to SRF projects through site
visits and training to ensure proper implementation of
the AIS requirements.
In 2019, the AIS program completed 55 site visits
across 12 states. The site visits provide an opportunity
for communities to ask project-specific AIS questions
and receive EPA recommendations for improving
their AIS documentation prior to project completion.
The AIS program also conducted five trainings in New
Jersey, Arizona, Louisiana, and Idaho, and South
Carolina, providing technical assistance to engineers,
contractors, suppliers, and manufacturers involved
with CWSRF projects. The trainings explain how AIS
requirements apply to SRF projects and outline the
responsibilities of each stakeholder, including federal
and state governments, in its implementation. They
also provide an opportunity for engineers, contractors,
suppliers, and manufacturers to note project-specific
or product-specific AIS obstacles and receive EPA
feedback on potential solutions. The program has an
open offer for EPA-led AIS trainings to all state SRF
programs.
AIS Waiver Requests
As part of the AIS requirements, SRF projects are
permitted to request a project-specific waiver through
their state for products of foreign or unknown origin. In
2019, EPA received and processed 23 CWSRF project-
specific waiver requests, of which, 9 were approved,
13 were withdrawn or not approved, and 1 is currently
being processed.
The AIS program continues to work with the states
and their CWSRF projects to identify domestic
alternatives that meet project specifications. EPA may
grant a waiver in instances where (1) applying these
requirements would be inconsistent with the public
interest; (2) iron and steel products are not produced
in the U.S. in sufficient and reasonably available
quantities and of a satisfactory quality; or (3) inclusion
of iron and steel products produced in the United
States will increase the cost of the overall project by
more than 25 percent.
2018 New Jersey PISCES Project: Pump Station
Resiliency Initiative
Coordination of AIS Requirements Across Federal
Government
AIS requirements have been incorporated into various
other programs. This year, the AIS program continued
collaborating with the U.S. Department of Agriculture
(USDA) and the WIFIA program through trainings and
site visits. Because the AIS requirements are identical,
the CWSRF AIS program is supporting its consistent
implementation across these federal programs.
Memo of Understanding between
the EPA and Federal Emergency
Management Agency
On June 4, 2019, the EPA and Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) announced a Memorandum
of Understanding (MOU) that establishes a framework for
the EPA funded SRF programs to assist and collaborate
with the FEMA disaster assistance grant programs.
The SRFs have worked cooperatively with FEMA and
state, local, tribal, and territorial governments to allow
local entities to quickly recover and restore their vital
infrastructure after a Presidentially-declared major
disaster. The proposed activities in this MOU are intended
to streamline coordination between FEMA and the SRFs
to enable funding to support essential infrastructure
projects to be made available as quickly as possible,
so that communities won't have to expend their own
funds first and wait for a reimbursement through a FEMA
grant and/or supplemental funds from Congress. In
disaster situations where cash reserves are stretched
thin, the SRF may provide a local government access
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to a no-interest or low-interest loan from its SRF to help
pay for the immediate restoration of vital wastewater
infrastructure, and once FEMA funds become available,
the local government may use these funds to repay the
SRF loan. By having this MOU in place, communities will
have the resources available to save time, lower costs,
and also have access to the necessary tools that can
help increase their resiliency to future disasters. A copy of
this MOU can be viewed at httos://www.eoa.go v/cws rf /
m e m o ra n d u m-u n d e rsta n d i n g bet wee n e n vi ro n m e n ta I -
protection-agencv-and-deoartment-homeland.
Congratulations On Your Retirement!
On behalf of the CWSRF community, we v/ant to thank
George Ames and Sheila Piatt for their significant
contributions to the SRF program as they both
prepare for their upcoming retirement. We applaud
George for his 40 years of service at the US EPA and
Sheila's 50-plus years of federal service, where their
dedication and contributions to the agency and the
CWSRF will have a lasting impact.
Our heartiest congratulations and best wishes for
your retirement, George and Sheila. Your guidance
and encouragement have helped so many thrive, and
we've been so fortunate to have your expertise to rely
on. We hope you will enjoy redirecting your energies
into this next phase of your life!
2019 New Hampshire PiSCES Project: Town of Newmarket Wastewater Treatment Facility Upgrade
SRFs Up- Page 11	2019 Issue

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AIS Site Visit: Water Reclamation Facility Expansion Project, Lima, OH
We want to hear from you!
We invite ideas arid subject matter requests on topics of interest to the CWSRF community. If you
have content you would like to see in future newsletters or CWSRF publications, please let us know
by contacting CWSRF@epa.gov.
United States Environmental Protection Agency

Office of Wastewater Management

1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW (4201M)

Washington, DC 20460

November 2019
V
EPA Publication Number: 832N19001
Clean Water

State Revolving Fund

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