Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 7 November 2011 Typically, greenhouse gas emissions are reported in units of carbon dioxide equivalent (C02e). Gases are converted to C02e by multiplying by the gas' global warming potential (GWP). The emission factors listed in this sheet ha\« not been converted to C02e. In order to do so, multiply the emissions by the corresponding GWP listed in the table below. Gas GWP ch4 21 n2o 310 Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (1995); Second Assessment Report. Table 1 | Stationary Combustion Emission Factors Fuel Type Heating Value C02 Factor CH4 Factor N20 Factor C02 Factor CH4 Factor N20 Factor Unit mmBtu per short ton kg CO2 per mmBtu g CH4 per mmBtu g N2O per mmBtu kg CO2 per short ton g CH4 per short ton g N2Oper short ton Coal and Coke Anthracite Coai 25.09 103.54 11 1.6 2,598 276 40 short tons Bituminous Coai 24.93 93.40 11 1.6 2,328 274 40 short tons Sub-bituminous Coai 17.25 97.02 11 1.6 1,674 190 28 short tons Liqnite Coai 14.21 96.36 11 1.6 1,369 156 23 short tons Mixed (Commercial Sector) 21.39 95.26 11 1.6 2,038 235 34 short tons Mixed (Electric Power Sector) 19.73 94.38 11 1.6 1,862 217 32 short tons Mixed (Industrial Coking) 26.28 93.65 11 1.6 2,461 289 42 short tons Mixed (Industrial Sector) 22.35 93.91 11 1.6 2,099 246 36 short tons Coke 24.80 102.04 11 1.6 2,531 273 40 short tons Fossil Fud-derived Fuels (Solid) Municipal Solid Waste 9.95 90.70 32 4.2 902 318 42 short tons Petroleum Coke (Solid) 30.00 102.41 32 4.2 3,072 960 126 short tons Plastics 38.00 75.00 32 4.2 2,850 1,216 160 short tons Tires 26.87 85.97 32 4.2 2,310 860 113 short tons Biomass Fuels (Solid) Aqricultural Byproducts 8.25 118.17 32 4.2 975 264 35 short tons Peat 8.00 111.84 32 4.2 895 256 34 short tons Solid Byproducts 25.83 105.51 32 4.2 2,725 827 108 short tons Wood and Wood Residuals 15.38 93.80 32 4.2 1,443 492 65 short tons mmBtu per scf kg CO2 per mmBtu g CH4 per mmBtu g N20 per mmBtu kg CO2 per scf g CH4 per scf g N20 per scf Natural Gas Natural Gas (per scf) 0.001028 53.02 1.0 0.10 0.05450 0.001028 0.000103 scf Fossil-derived Fuels (Gaseous) Blast Furnace Gas 0.000092 274.32 0.022 0.10 0.02524 0.000002 0.000009 scf Coke Oven Gas 0.000599 46.85 0.480 0.10 0.02806 0.000288 0.000060 scf Fuel Gas 0.001388 59.00 0.022 0.10 0.08189 0.000031 0.000139 scf Propane Gas 0.002516 61.46 0.022 0.10 0.15463 0.000055 0.000252 scf Biomass Fuels (Gaseous) Biogas (Captured Methane) 0.000841 52.07 3.200 0.630 0.04379 0.002691 0.000530 scf mmBtu per gallon kg CO^psr mmBtu g CH4 per mmBtu g N2O per mmBtu kg CO? per gallon g CH4 per gallon g N2Qper gallon Petroleum Products Asphalt and Road Oil 0.158 75.36 3.0 0.60 11.91 0.47 0.09 qallon Aviation Gasoline 0.120 69.25 3.0 0.60 8.31 0.36 0.07 qallon Butane 0.101 65.15 3.0 0.60 6.58 0.30 0.06 qallon Butylene 0.103 67.73 3.0 0.60 6.98 0.31 0.06 qallon Crude Oil 0.138 74.49 3.0 0.60 10.28 0.41 0.08 qallon Distillate Fuel Oil No. 1 0.139 73.25 3.0 0.60 10.18 0.42 0.08 qallon Distillate Fuel Oil No. 2 0.138 73.96 3.0 0.60 10.21 0.41 0.08 qallon Distillate Fuel Oil No. 4 0.146 75.04 3.0 0.60 10.96 0.44 0.09 qallon Ethane 0.069 62.64 3.0 0.60 4.32 0.21 0.04 qallon Ethylene 0.100 67.43 3.0 0.60 6.74 0.30 0.06 qallon Heavy Gas Oils 0.148 74.92 3.0 0.60 11.09 0.44 0.09 qallon Isobutane 0.097 64.91 3.0 0.60 6.30 0.29 0.06 qallon Isobutylene 0.103 67.74 3.0 0.60 6.98 0.31 0.06 qallon Kerosene 0.135 75.20 3.0 0.60 10.15 0.41 0.08 qallon Kerosene-type Jet Fuel 0.135 72.22 3.0 0.60 9.75 0.41 0.08 qallon Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) 0.092 62.98 3.0 0.60 5.79 0.28 0.06 qallon Lubricants 0.144 74.27 3.0 0.60 10.69 0.43 0.09 qallon Motor Gasoline 0.125 70.22 3.0 0.60 8.78 0.38 0.08 qallon Naphtha (<401 deq F) 0.125 68.02 3.0 0.60 8.50 0.38 0.08 qallon Natural Gasoline 0.110 66.83 3.0 0.60 7.35 0.33 0.07 qallon Other Oil (>401 deq F) 0.139 76.22 3.0 0.60 10.59 0.42 0.08 qallon Pentanes Plus 0.110 70.02 3.0 0.60 7.70 0.33 0.07 qallon Petrochemical Feedstocks 0.129 70.97 3.0 0.60 9.16 0.39 0.08 qallon Petroleum Coke 0.143 102.41 3.0 0.60 14.64 0.43 0.09 qallon Propane 0.091 61.46 3.0 0.60 5.59 0.27 0.05 qallon Propylene 0.091 65.95 3.0 0.60 6.00 0.27 0.05 qallon Residual Fuel Oil No. 5 0.140 72.93 3.0 0.60 10.21 0.42 0.08 qallon Residual Fuel Oil No. 6 0.150 75.10 3.0 0.60 11.27 0.45 0.09 qallon Special Naphtha 0.125 72.34 3.0 0.60 9.04 0.38 0.08 qallon Still Gas 0.143 66.72 3.0 0.60 9.54 0.43 0.09 qallon Unfinished Oils 0.139 74.49 3.0 0.60 10.35 0.42 0.08 qallon Used Oil 0.135 74.00 3.0 0.60 9.99 0.41 0.08 qallon Biomass Fuels Biodiesel (100%) 0.128 73.84 1.1 0.11 9.45 0.14 0.01 qallon Ethanol (100%) 0.084 68.44 1.1 0.11 5.75 0.09 0.01 qallon Rendered Animal Fat 0.125 71.06 1.1 0.11 8.88 0.14 0.01 qallon Veqetable Oil 0.120 81.55 1.1 0.11 9.79 0.13 0.01 qallon mmBtu par gallon kg C02 per mmBtu g CH4 per mmBtu g N20 per mmBtu Steam and Hot Water Steam and Hot Water 88.18 8.169 0.603 mmBtu Sources: Solid, gaseous, liquid and biomass fuels: Federal Register (2009) EPA; 40 CFR Parts 86, 87, 89et at; Mandatory Reporting ofGreenhouse Gases; Final Rule, 300ct09, 261 pp. Tables C-1 and C-2 at FR pp. 56409-56410. Revised emission factors for selected fuels: Federal Register (2010) EPA; 40 CFR Part 98; Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gases; Final Rule, 17Dec10, 81 pp. Steam and Hot Water: United States. Energy information Administration (2010); Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases, 1605(b) Program, Appendix N: Emissions Factors for Steam and Chilled Water. ------- Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 26 September 2011 Table 2 | C02 Emissions for Transportation Fuels for Road Vehicles, Locomotives, and Aircraft Fuel Type kg C02 per unit Unit Aviation Gasoline 8.31 qallon Biodiesel 9.45 qallon Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) 0.0545 scf Diesel Fuel 10.21 qallon Ethane 4.32 qallon Ethanol 5.75 qallon Jet Fuel (kerosene type) 9.75 qallon Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) 4.46 qallon LPG 5.79 qallon Methanol 4.10 qallon Motor Gasoline 8.78 qallon Propane 5.59 qallon Residual Fuel Oil (Resid #5; Bunker C) 11.27 gallon Sources: Federal Register (2009) EPA; 40 CFR Parts 86, 87, 89et at; Mandatory Reporting ofGreenhouse Gases; Final Rule, 300ct09, 261 pp. Tables C-1 and C-2 at FR pp. 56409-56410. LNG sourced from: US EPA (2008); Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol Core Module Guidance- Direct Emissions from Mobile Combustion Sources, EPA Climate Leaders, Table B-5, p. 33. Methanol sourced from: The Climate Registry (2011); General Reporting Protocol for the Voluntary Reporting Program, Default Emission Factors, Table 13.1 US Default C02 Emission Factors for Transport Fuels. Table 3 | CH4 and N2Q Emissions for Highway Vehicles Vehicle Type Year CH4 Factor NjO Factor (g / mile) {g / mile) Gasoline Passenger Cars 1984-1993 0.0704 0.0647 1994 0.0531 0.0560 1995 0.0358 0.0473 1996 0.0272 0.0426 1997 0.0268 0.0422 1998 0.0249 0.0393 1999 0.0216 0.0337 2000 0.0178 0.0273 2001 0.0110 0.0158 2002 0.0107 0.0153 2003 0.0114 0.0135 2004 0.0145 0.0083 2005 0.0147 0.0079 2006 0.0161 0.0057 2007 0.0170 0.0041 2008 0.0172 0.0038 2009-p resent 0.0173 0.0036 Gasoline Light-duty Trucks 1987-1993 0.0813 0.1035 (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) 1994 0.0646 0.0982 1995 0.0517 0.0908 1996 0.0452 0.0871 1997 0.0452 0.0871 1998 0.0391 0.0728 1999 0.0321 0.0564 2000 0.0346 0.0621 2001 0.0151 0.0164 2002 0.0178 0.0228 2003 0.0155 0.0114 2004 0.0152 0.0132 2005 0.0157 0.0101 2006 0.0159 0.0089 2007 0.0161 0.0079 2008 0.0163 0.0066 2009-p resent 0.0163 0.0066 Gasoline Heavy-duty Vehicles 1985-1986 0.4090 0.0515 1987 0.3675 0.0849 1988-1989 0.3492 0.0933 1990-1995 0.3246 0.1142 1996 0.1278 0.1680 1997 0.0924 0.1726 1998 0.0641 0.1693 1999 0.0578 0.1435 2000 0.0493 0.1092 2001 0.0528 0.1235 2002 0.0546 0.1307 2003 0.0533 0.1240 2004 0.0341 0.0285 2005 0.0326 0.0177 2006 0.0326 0.0175 2007 0.0327 0.0173 2008 0.0327 0.0171 2009-p resent 0.0327 0.0169 Sources: 1984-2005 factors from: US EPA (2008); Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol Core Module Guidance - Direct Emissions from Mobile Combustion Sources, EPA Climate Leaders, Table 3. 2006-2009 factors from: US EPA (2011) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2009, EPA 430- R-11-005. All Values are calculated from Tables A-97 through At 100. Page 2 of 6 ------- Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 26 September 2011 Table 4 | CH4 and N2Q Emissions for Highway Vehicles: Diesel and Alternative Fuels VehicleType Vehicle Year CH4 Factor (g / mile) N20 Factor {g / mile) Diesel Passenger Cars 1960-1982 0.0006 0.0012 1983-p resent 0.0005 0.0010 Diesel Light-duty Trucks 1960-1982 0.0011 0.0017 1983-1995 0.0009 0.0014 1996-p resent 0.0010 0.0015 Diesel Heavy-duty Vehicles 1960-present 0.0051 0.0048 Gasoline Motorcycles (Non-Catalyst) Non-catalyst Control 0.0672 0.0069 Gasoline Motorcycles (Uncontrolled) Uncontrolled 0.0899 0.0087 CNG Liqht-duty Vehicles 0.737 0.050 CNG Heavy-duty Vehicles 1.966 0.175 CNG Buses 1.966 0.175 LPG Liqht-duty Vehicles 0.037 0.067 LPG Heavy-duty Vehicles 0.066 0.175 LNG Heavy-duty Vehicles 1.966 0.175 Ethanol Liqht-duty Vehicles 0.055 0.067 Ethanol Heavy-duty Vehicles 0.197 0.175 Ethanol Buses 0.197 0.175 Source: US EPA (2008); Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol Core Module Guidance - Direct Emissions from Mobile Combustion Sources, EPA Climate Leaders, Table 3. Table 5 | CH4 and N2O Emissions for Non-highway Vehicles VehicleType CH4 Factor N20 Factor (g / gallon) (g/gallon) LPG Non-Hiqhway Vehicles 0.50 0.22 Residual Oil Ships and Boats 0.86 0.30 Diesel Ships and Boats 0.74 0.26 Gasoline Ships and Boats 0.64 0.22 Diesel Locomotives 0.80 0.26 Gasoline Aqricultural Equip. 1.26 0.22 Diesel Aqricultural Equip. 1.44 0.26 Gasoline Construction EauiD. 0.50 0.22 Diesel Construction EauiD. 0.58 0.26 Jet Fuel Aircraft 0.27 0.31 Aviation Gasoline Aircraft 7.04 0.11 Biodiesel Vehicles 0.58 0.26 Other Diesel Sources 0.58 0.26 Other Gasoline Sources 0.50 0.22 Note: LPG non-highway vehicles assumed equal to other gasoline sources. Biodiesel vehicles assumed equal to other diesel sources. Source: US EPA (2008); Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol Core Module Guidance - Direct Emissions from Mobile Combustion Sources, EPA Climate Leaders, Tables A-6 and A-7. Table 6 | Refrigerants and Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) Gas GWP O O 1 CH4 21 n2o 310 sf6 23,900 HFC-23 11.700 HFC-32 650 HFC-125 2,800 HFC-134a 1,300 HFC-143a 3,800 HFC-152a 140 HFC-227ea 2,900 H FC-236fa 6,300 CFd 6,500 C2F6 9,200 c3f8 7,000 c-C4F8 8,700 c4f10 7,000 C5F12 7,500 C6F14 7,400 Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (1995); SecondAssessment Report. Use of the Second Assessment Report on Global Warming Potential v alues is consistent with current international agreements. Page 3 of 6 ------- Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 26 September 2011 Table 6b I Blended Refrigerants (ASHRAE #) ASHRAE# Blend GWP HFC/PFC Blend Make-up R - 401A 18.2 53% HCFC-22 . 34% HCFC-124 . 13% HFC-152a R - 401B 15.4 61% HCFC-22 . 28% HCFC-124 .11% HFC-152a R-401C 21 33% HCFC-22 . 52% HCFC-124 . 15% HFC-152a R-402A 1,680 38% HCFC-22 . 6% HFC-125 . 2% propane R-402B 1,064 6% HCFC-22 . 38% HFC-125 . 2% propane R-403B 2,730 56% HCFC-22 . 39% PFC-218 . 5% propane R - 404A 3,260 44% HFC-125 . 4% HFC-134a . 52% HFC 143a R - 406A 55% HCFC-22 . 41% HCFC-142b . 4% isobutane R - 407A 1,770 20% HFC-32 . 40% HFC-125 . 40% HFC-134a R - 407B 2,285 10% HFC-32 . 70% HFC-125 . 20% HFC-134a R - 407C 1.525.5 23% HFC-32 . 25% HFC-125 . 52% HFC-134a R-407D 1.427.5 15% HFC-32 . 15% HFC-125 . 70% HFC-134a R - 407E 1.362.5 25% H FC-32 . 15% HFC-125 . 60% HFC-134a R - 408A 1.944 47% HCFC-22 . 7% HFC-125 . 46% HFC 143a R - 409A 60% HCFC-22 . 25% HCFC-124 . 15% HCFC-142b R - 41 OA 1.725 50% HFC-32 . 50% HFC-125 R - 41 OB 1.832.5 45% HFC-32 . 55% HFC-125 R-411A 15.4 87.5% HCFC-22 .11 HFC-152a . 1.5% propvlene R-411B 4.2 94% HCFC-22 . 3% HFC-152a . 3% propvlene R - 413A 1.774 88%HFC-134a . 9% PFC-218 . 3%isobutane R-414A 51% HCFC-22 . 28.5% HCFC-124 . 16.5% HCFC-142 R-414B 5% HCFC-22 . 39% HCFC-124 . 9.5% HCFC-142b R - 417A 1.954.8 46.6% HFC-125 . 5% HFC-134a . 3.4% butane R-422A 2,532.3 85.1 % HFC-125 .11.5% HFC-134a . 3.4% isobutane R-422D 2,232.3 65.1% HFC-125 . 31.5%HFC-134a . 3.4%isobutane R - 423A 2,060 47.5% HFC-227ea , 52.5% HFC-134a , R - 424A 2,011 Mixture of: HFC-125 , HFC-134a , butane, pentane. R - 426A 1,349 Mixture of: HFC-125 , HFC-134a , butane, pentane. R - 428A 2,930 77.5% HFC-125 . 2% HFC-143a . 1.9% isobutane R - 434A 2,652 Mixture of: HFC-125 . HFC-134a . HFC-143a. GWP R - 500 36.7 73.8% CFC-12 . 26.2% HFC-152a , 48.8% HCFC-22 R - 502 48.8% HCFC-22 . 51.2% CFC-115 R- 504 313.3 48.2% HFC-32 . 51.8% CFC-115 R - 507 3,300 5% HFC-125 . 5% HFC143a R - 508A 10,175 39% H FC-23 , 61% PFC-116 R-508B 10,350 46% H FC-23 , 54% PFC-116 Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (1995); SecondAssessment Report. Use of the Second Assessment Report on Global Warming Potential v alues is consistent with current international agreements. The blended refrigerants are based on internet research to determine the constituents, and the GWP is based on the blend of HFC and PFC gases. Page 4 of 6 ------- Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 26 September 2011 Table 7 | Electricity Emission Factors (System Average) Subregion C02 Factor CH4 Factor NzO Factor (lb CQ2IMM\) (lb CH4/MWi) (lb N2G/MWh) AKGD (ASCC Alaska Grid) 1.284.72 0.02711 0.00744 AKMS (ASCC Miscellaneous) 535.73 0.02265 0.00448 AZNM (WECC Southwest) 1,252.61 0.01880 0.01657 CAMX (WECC California) 681.01 0.02829 0.00623 ERCT (ERCOT All) 1,252.57 0.01776 0.01399 FRCC (FRCC All) 1,220.11 0.04119 0.01525 HIMS (HICC Miscellaneous) 1,343.82 0.13515 0.02171 HI OA (HICC Oahu) 1,620.76 0.09105 0.02089 MROE (MRO East) 1,692.32 0.02879 0.02905 MROW (MRO West) 1,722.67 0.02897 0.02919 NEWE (NPCC New Enqland) 827.95 0.07698 0.01520 NWPP (WECC Northwest) 858.79 0.01634 0.01364 NYCW(NPCC NYC/Westch ester) 704.80 0.02622 0.00335 NYLI (NPCC Lonq Island) 1,418.74 0.09050 0.01310 NYUP (NPCC Upstate NY) 683.27 0.01741 0.00990 RFCE (RFC East) 1.059.32 0.02740 0.01703 RFCM (RFC Michiqan) 1,651.11 0.03255 0.02779 RFCW (RFC West) 1,551.52 0.01837 0.02593 RMPA (WECC Rockies) 1.906.06 0.02363 0.02889 SPNO (SPP North) 1.798.71 0.02122 0.02920 SPSO (SPP South) 1.624.03 0.02452 0.02242 SRMV (SERC Mississippi Vallev) 1,004.10 0.02180 0.01115 SRMW (SERC Midwest) 1,779.27 0.02057 0.02960 SRSO (SERC South) 1,495.47 0.02364 0.02457 SRTV (SERC Tennessee Vallev) 1,540.85 0.01987 0.02548 SRVC (SERC Virginia/Carolina) 1,118.41 0.02226 0.01908 Source: US EPA (2011); eGRID2010 Version 1.1 Year 2007 Data. This is a representational map; many of the boundaries shown on this map are approximate because they are based on companies; not on strictly geographical boundaries. Source: US EPA eGRID2010 Version 1.0 December 2010. Page 5 of 6 ------- Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 26 September 2011 Table 7b | Electricity Emission Factors (Non-baseload); Used for Green Power / REC Calculations Subregion C02 Factor CH4 Factor N20 Factor (lb COj/MVWi) (lb CH4/MW1) {lb N20/MWh) AKGD (ASCC Alaska Grid) 1,363.19 0.03499 0.00695 AKMS (ASCC Miscellaneous) 1,462.30 0.06168 0.01218 AZNM (WECC Southwest) 1,211.84 0.02056 0.00931 CAMX (WECC California) 1,045.30 0.03942 0.00474 ERCT (ERCOT All) 1,096.19 0.01969 0.00563 FRCC (FRCC All) 1,286.41 0.04340 0.01150 HIMS (HICC Miscellaneous) 1,645.57 0.12294 0.02133 HIOA (HICC Oahu) 1,630.89 0.10618 0.01852 MROE (MRO East) 1,905.18 0.03525 0.02998 MROW (MRO West) 1,988.69 0.05359 0.03298 NEWE (NPCC New Enqland) 1,204.91 0.06069 0.01341 NWPP (WECC Northwest) 1,279.58 0.04331 0.01575 NYCW (NPCC NYC/West Chester) 1,234.06 0.03765 0.00488 NYLI (NPCC Lonq Island) 1,397.80 0.04408 0.00699 NYUP (NPCC Upstate NY) 1,384.20 0.03155 0.01619 RFCE (RFC East) 1,671.96 0.03329 0.02219 RFCM (RFC Michiqan) 1,803.64 0.03209 0.02733 RFCW (RFC West) 1,982.05 0.02430 0.03148 RMPA (WECC Rockies) 1,554.38 0.02317 0.01645 SPNCXSPP North) 1,958.22 0.02540 0.02775 SPSO (SPP South) 1.435.24 0.02503 0.01314 SRMV (SERC Mississippi Vallev) 1.171.05 0.02825 0.00691 SRMW (SERC Midwest) 1.945.66 0.02402 0.02969 SRSO (SERC South) 1,551.05 0.02850 0.02169 SRTV (SERC Tennessee Vallev) 1,917.25 0.02598 0.03005 SRVC (SERC Virqinia/Carolina) 1,661.11 0.03801 0.02451 US Average 1,520.21 0.03223 0.01841 Source: US EPA (2011); eGRID2010 Version 1.1 Year 2007 Data. Table8 | Business Travel Emission Factors Vehicle Type CQ2 Factor (kg / unit) CH4 Factor {g/unit) N2Q Factor (g/unit) Units PassenqerCar 0.364 0.031 0.032 vehicle-mile Liqht-duty Truck 0.519 0.036 0.047 vehicle-mile Motorcycle 0.167 0.070 0.007 \«hicle-mile Intercity Rail (i.e. Amtrak) 0.185 0.002 0.001 passenger-m e Commuter Rail 0.172 0.002 0.001 passenger-m e Transit Rail (i.e. Subway, Tram) 0.163 0.004 0.002 passenger-m e Bus 0.107 0.0006 0.0005 passenger-m e Air Travel - Short Haul (< 300 miles) 0.286 0.0084 0.0091 passenger-m e Air Travel - Medium Haul (>= 300 miles, < 2300 miles) 0.168 0.0009 0.0053 passenger-mile Air Travel - Long Haul (>= 2300 miles) 0.194 0.0009 0.0061 passenger-mile Sources: US EPA (2008); Climate Leaders Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol Core Module Guidance, Optional Emissions from Employee Commuting, Business Travel and Product Transport. Air travel sourced from: Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (2011); 2011 Guidelines to Defra/DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Status Final; Version 1.0; updated July 7, 2011. Table9 |Product Transport Emission Factors Vehicle Type C02 Factor CH4 Factor NjO Factor Units Medium- and Heavy-duty Truck 1.726 0.021 0.017 vehicle-mile Passenger Car 0.364 0.031 0.032 vehicle-mile Light-duty Truck 0.519 0.036 0.047 vehicle-mile Truck 0.297 0.0035 0.0027 ton-mile Rail 0.0252 0.002 0.0006 ton-mile Waterborne Craft 0.048 0.0041 0.0014 ton-mile Aircraft 1.527 0.0417 0.0479 ton-mile Source: Climate Leaders Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol Core Module Guidance, Optional Emissions from Employee Commuting, Business Travel and Product Transport (May2008). Page 6 of 6 ------- |