User's Guide
Tribal Greenhouse Gas
Inventory Tool: Government
Operations Module
June 2016
Prepared for:
State and Local Climate and Energy Program
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Prepared by:
ICF International
1725 Eye Street, NW
Suite 1000
Washington, DC 20006
Tel: (202} 862-1200
Fax: (202) 862-1144

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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Contents
List of Tables and Figures	ii
Acronyms and Abbreviations	iii
Getting Started 1
1.	Tool Overview	1
2.	Getting Started	1
Microsoft Excel Settings	1
Running Macros in Microsoft Excel	2
Navigating the Tool	4
Data Requirements	5
Tool Layout	8
Background Controls	8
GHG Emission Scopes	8
Inventory Calculations	9
3.	Sheet Instructions and Methodology	13
Control Sheet	13
Stationary Combustion and Electricity Consumption Inventory Sheets	13
Solid Waste Inventory Sheets	16
Wastewater Treatment Inventory Sheets	16
Employee Commute Inventory Sheet	17
Water Emissions Inventory Sheet	17
Agriculture & Land Management Inventory Sheet	17
Forestry Inventory Sheet	17
Waste Generation Inventory Sheet	18
Additional Sources Inventory Sheet	18
4.	Uncertainty	18
5.	Tool References	19
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Tables and Figures
Tables	Page
Table 1. Required Data Inputs for the Local Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool—Inventory Calculations	6
Figures	Page
Figure 1. Enabling Macros, Excel 2010	2
Figure 2. Enabling Macros, Excel 2007	3
Figure 3. Table of Contents	4
Figure 4. Sheet Navigation and Tracking Tools	5
Figure 5. Table of Contents with Completed Sheet	5
Figure 6. Stationary and Electricity Data Sheets	15
Figure 7. Mobile Entry—Update Calculations	15
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
%
BAU
BODg
CH4
C02
CO2©
days/yr
eGRID
EPA
m
ft3/yr
G.G.E.
kg
kWh
kg N/day
LFG
LGOP
LGGIT
mcf
MMSCF
MMSCF/yr
MT
NzO
TGGIT
WARM
percent
business-as-usual
Biological Oxygen Demand (the amount of oxygen consumed in five days by
decomposing waste, used to measure the amount of waste input or output
into a system)
Methane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide equivalent emissions
days per year
Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
cubic feet
cubic feet per year
gasoline gallon equivalent
kilograms
kilowatt-hours
kilograms of Nitrogen per day
Landfill gas
Local Government Operations Protocol
Local Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations Module
thousand standard cubic feet
million standard cubic feet
million standard cubic feet per year
metric Tons
Nitrous oxide
Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool
EPA's WAste Reduction Model
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Getting Started
1.	Tool Overview
This User's Guide accompanies and explains the Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government
Operations Module. The module was developed to support tribal governments across the United
States to evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions associated with their tribal operations.
Understanding these emission levels provides a base year for tracking emission trends against,
developing mitigation strategies and policies, and assessing progress towards meeting goals. This
tool and examples throughout will be useful to tribes due to their unique structure and organization,
and the greenhouse gas inventory sectors relevant to their government operations.
The tool helps users to develop a greenhouse gas inventory of tribal operations for a base year,
following the Local Government Operations Protocol (LGOP), version 1.1. A companion tool for
estimating greenhouse gas emissions at the community level is also available. While the
Government Operations Module estimates emissions at the government level, the separate
Community Module estimates emissions for the tribal community as a whole and follows the Global
Protocol for Community-Scale GHG Emissions. Any emissions estimated in the Government
Operations Module can be included in the Industrial/Commercial sector in the Community Module.
This tool is not intended for use in developing a Tribe's Quality Assurance Projection Plan. A
resource for assisting in your Quality Assurance Project Plan is available online at:
http://www.epa.gov/regionl/lab/qa/qaproiectplandevtool.html.
2.	Getting Started
The Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations Module was developed using
Microsoft® Excel 2007 and 2010. The tool will only operate properly using Excel 2007 or later. Before
using the tool, ensure your computer meets the system requirements. In order to install and run the
tool, you must have:
•	IBM-PC compatible computer with the Windows XP operating system or later;
•	Microsoft® Excel 2007 or later, with calculation set to automatic and macros enabled;
•	Hard drive with at least 20MB free; and
•	Monitor display setting of 800 x 600 or greater.
Microsoft Excel Settings
For the tool to function properly, Excel must be set to automatic calculation. Go to the Formulas
ribbon and select "Calculation Options." Make sure that the box next to the "Automatic" option is
checked.
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Running Macros in Microsoft Excel
To make the user's experience as smooth as possible, the module uses macros. Macros are series of
commands and functions that are stored in Excel that run automatically to perform tasks, which
allow the tool to carry out tasks in an automated way. Because macros are such a powerful tool,
Excel checks with the user for approval before allowing them to run.
If Excel's security settings are set at the default level, a Security Warning appears above the formula
box in Excel when the file is initially opened (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Enabling Macros, Excel 2010
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1 Introduction
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Local Inventory Tool
What is this tool?
Climate and Energy Program
This tool is designed to help municipalities evaluate the greenhouse gas reductions associated with their municipal operations. This tool can help
municipalities understand their greenhouse gas emissions, providinga baseline fortracking emission trends, developing mitigation strategies and
policies, and assessing progress.
develop a baseline greenhouse gas inventory of municipal operations, according to the Local Government Operatior
The tool helps'
Protocol (LGOP), version 1.1.
Use of default data:
This tool gives users the option of applying their own locality-specific data or using default data pre-loaded by region. The default data are gathered
by federal agencies and other sources covering the default emission factors and system assumptions needed to calculate emissions according to the
Important Terminology:
Scope-A common means of categorizing direct and indirect emissions to improve transparency and for identifying different types of climate policies
and goals. There are three scopes of emissions:
Scopel - AlldirectGHG emissions from municipal operations.
Scope 2 - Indirect GHG emissions associated with the consumption of purchased or acquired electricity, steam, heating, orcoolingfor
municipal operations.
Scope 3 - All other indirect emissions not covered in Scope 2, such as emissions from vehicles not owned or controlled by the city (e.g.,
employeecommutes), waste disposal, or emissions from agriculture, land management, and urban forestry.
Emission Factors - An emission factor is an amount of GHG emissions associated with a unit of activity data. For example, kg C02 emitted perkwh
electricity produced (kg COz/k Wh), or lb COz emitted per gallon of gasol ine (lb CO^gal).
Introduction Read Me TOC Definitions Sheet Factors	T*TT'	"
Stationary-Entry
Stationary-Data
Stattonary-Calcs
JfBlOHl 10096-
The Security Warning lets the user know that some active content from the spreadsheet has been
disabled, meaning that Excel has prevented the macros in the spreadsheet from functioning. Since
the Government Module needs macros in order to function properly, the user must enable macros.
To do so in Excel 2010, simply click the "Enable Content" button in the security message (Figure 1).
To do so in Excel 2007, click the "Options" button in the security message and then select, "Enable
this content" in the pop-up box (Figure 2). Enabling the macro content for the tool in these ways
only enables macros while you are using this spreadsheet. The security settings will return to your
default when you close the spreadsheet.
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Figure 2. Enabling Macros, Excel 2007
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Introduction
Local Inventory Tool
What is this tool?
I a designed to help municipalities evaluate the greenhouse gi
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If the Security Warning does not appear when the tool is first opened, it may be necessary to change the
security settings for macros.
To change the settings in Excel 2010, follow the steps below:
1.	Exit out of the tool and re-launch Microsoft Excel without opening the Government Module.
2.	On the "File" tab, select Options from the bottom of the left-hand menu.
3.	In the Excel Options pop-up box, click on "Trust Center" at the bottom of the left-hand
menu.
4.	Click on the gray "Trust Center Settings" button.
5.	When the Trust Center options box appears, click "Macro Settings" in the left-hand menu.
6.	Select "Disable all macros with notification."
7.	Click "OK" to exit out of all pop-up boxes.
8.	Once the security level has been adjusted, open the tool and enable macros in the manner
described in Figure 1 above.
To change the settings in Excel 2007, follow the steps below:
1.	Exit out of the tool and re-launch Microsoft Excel without opening the Government Module.
2.	Click on the Microsoft Excel icon in the top left of the screen.
3.	Scroll to the bottom of the menu and select the "Excel Options" button to the right of the
main menu.
4.	When the Excel Options box appears, select "Trust Center" in the left hand menu of the box.
5.	Click the gray "Trust Center Settings" button.
6.	When the Trust Center options box appears, click "Macro Settings" in the left-hand menu.
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7.	Select "Disable all macros with notification."
8.	Click "OK" to exit out of all pop-up boxes.
9.	Once the security level has been adjusted, open the tool and enable macros in the manner
described in Figure 2 above.
Navigating the Tool
The Government Module's Table of Contents is its main navigational portal. The Table of Contents is
also used to track your progress throughout the tool. You may click on the name of any part of the
tool within the Table of Contents to be taken to that sheet (Figure 3). Every sheet also features an
arrow-shaped navigation button on the upper right-hand corner that returns the user to the Table of
Contents.
There are two main sections of this tool: Background Data Collection and Emissions Calculations. In
each, the user will enter data to configure the tool to their specific tribe and receive customized
results.
Figure 3. Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
Click ingoneachbcK wit takeyouto its respective worksheet in thetooLUsethistableofcontentstokeeptrackofyour progresses you m ove through thetoot
Completed sheets are filled in. Incomplete sheets have a white background, whilssheasthat requirenoaction by the uss" areingrey.
Inventory Control Sheet
Scope 2
Mobile Combustion
EntrySheet
Electricity Use^
EntryS
Agriculture & Land
Management Sheet
Solid Waste-Entry,
Ca Iculation & Su mmary
wastewater- Entry
Sheet
Mobi le Combust Ion -
Summary Sheet
Wastew
Caiculation&Summary
Electricity U
calculations Summary
Click anywhere in the Table
of Contents to jump to a
section of the tool
Stati onary Combustion; -
Calculation 5 Summary
Inventory Emissions Summary
1 ~' Introduction Read Me TOC Definitions Sheet Factors
Stationary-Entry StatJonaiy-Data Stationary-Calcs
The Table of Contents is also used to track your progress as you complete the tool. On every sheet that
requires user action, you will see a check box in the upper right-hand corner of the tool that reads
"Check if you have completed this sheet" (
Figure 4). Check this box as you complete each sheet. Doing so will change the color of that sheet's icon
in the Table of Contents. For example, Figure 5 shows the Table of Contents after the "Mobile
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Combustion - Entry" sheet has been completed. The "Mobile Combustion - Entry Sheet" box has
changed, and is now filled in with color.
Figure 4. Sheet Navigation and Tracking Tools
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Data Entry & Calculations	. .
On this sheet. the uwcan enter electricity use for each entity for which you have data. fh«5« entitles may be of any k.j*c—in« entire crty. crty de irtments, buildings, i
lo use fie form below, first enter the data fo» a given unit, then click "Add/Update Rewnd." the data w* be sawed, and u»e f welds will
if«ed i. Th« purpose of this process
Simitar data entries for multiple entities. Mole: yw vrill itttw a eonftrmallon message wfien the record has been successfully a«*d I. At any point, you may t*ck
' to dear all fields. (If you wovld like to enter more than one record at a time.
proceed to (he "tlectncrty Oata" sheet and dire !ty add data there-)
If you would like to chang* any aspect of a previous entry, select "fda fte«*d." A dr>
entry fields a* needed, then cfick "Add/u pda:e Record." To deSete arecord entirety, i
delete. Afteryoo confirm that you would like the entry deleted, the saved data will be e rated.
*n menu wiH appear. Select the entry you would like to c
le 'Oelese Record" button. A dropdown menu will appei
ang*, make changes to i
few you to select the en
1 Deieribe the electricity eoniuminc unit you
I OB	Unit OewTlprton
Facility Type (If applicable)
2 Enter the activity data for the year 2008
tleclricily Consumed [kwhj
UciUniy-tnlry flKBcty
Check this box as
you complete each
sheet
Click here to return to
the Table of Contents
and view your progress
Figure 5. Table of Contents with Completed Sheet
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Introduction Read Me IOC

Sheet Hdtti CfliHiuiawit . Stabonarr-gntm . StatonaryOata . Stationary^ata . BactncHygntiy .
waamri;
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Data Requirements
The Government Module is designed to accept any level of data granularity in order to be flexible to
the needs and constraints of different tribes. Data can be entered at any scale, ranging from tribal-
wide activity data to data by reservation, facility, or meter. The more specific the data provided by
the user, however, the more accurate and useful the tool will be. See Box 1 for details.
The GHG inventory segment of the tool proceeds through ten main sectors of tribal government
emissions. These sectors and the type of data the user needs to provide are show in
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Table 1. Gray cells indicate if a default value is available for that input or if the input is optional.
In general, this tool is pre-programmed with default emission factors and system assumptions
needed to calculate emissions from LGOP. Default emission factors are generally provided from
national or state publications, and provide a relatively accurate estimate of emissions. If local, or
site-specific factors are available for your locality, those should be used to overwrite the default
factors. Wherever possible in the inventory process, default values from the LGOP are used. The tool
provides users the option to use default data or to override default values if they have tribe-specific
information.
Throughout the tool, cells are shaded yellow where the user is required to enter data.
Box 1. GHG Inventory Data Input Options
Option A: "Quick" Inventory
•	Enter tribal-wide fuel, electricity, and water consumption data.
•	This method takes less time, but does not allow the tool to as effectively calculate emission
levels.
Option B: Thorough Inventory
•	Enter fuel, electricity, water consumption by facility or meter.
•	This method requires more time and data availability from the user, but provides the most
detailed GHG inventory.
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Table 1. Required Data Inputs for the Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations
Module—Inventory Calculations
GHG Sectors
Input Data
Stationary Combustion of Fossil Fuels
(i.e., fuel use at tribal facilities)
Electricity Consumption
Mobile Combustion of Fossil Fuels
(i.e., fuel use by tribal fleet)
Solid Waste Management
Wastewater Treatment
Employee Commute
Agriculture & Land Management
Forestry
Waste Generation
Water Use
Additional Emission Sources
Stationary fuel use (by fuel type)
Electricity consumed (kWh)
Electric utility
Fuel used (by fuel type) (gallons or G.G.E.)
Vehicle Miles Traveled (miles)
Vehicle Model Year
Vehicle Type
Tribal Landfills (number)
Landfill Gas Collected (MMSCF/yr)
Fraction of CH4 in landfill gas
Landfill Gas Collection Area (fraction)
Wastewater treatment process details (aerobic, anaerobic,
nitrification, denitrification)
Population served by wastewater treatment system(s) (people)
Population served by septic systems (people)
Digester gas produced daily (ft3/day)
Fraction of CH4 in biogas
System BOD5 load/influent (kg BOD5/day)
Fraction BOD5 removed in primary treatment
Industrial Nitrogen load (kg N/day)
Average total Nitrogen discharged (kg N/day)
Number of employees (people)
Employees who use each mode of transit (%)
Average one-way commute length (miles)
Work days per year (days/yr)
Synthetic fertilizer use (short tons N)
Organic fertilizer use (short tons)
Manure fertilizer use (short tons)
Total reservation area (km2)
Area with tree cover (%)
Waste emissions (MTC02e from EPA's Waste Reduction Model)
Department contribution to total waste (%)
Percentage of imported water (%)
Water use (gallons)
GHG emissions from each additional source, by gas (MT C02e)
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Tool Layout
There are two main sections of this tool: Background Data Collection, and Emissions Calculations. In
each, the user will enter data to configure the tool to their specific tribe and receive customized
results.
Background Controls
On the Inventory Control Sheet, identify the tribe, the inventory year for the inventory, and set up
and define departments for your tribe. Depending on what data are available and at what scale, the
user can determine how to configure the tool. The departments input into the tool do not need to
correspond to every department within the tribe, but set up to reflect organizational units for which
the most comprehensive data is available. For example, if the user has tribal-wide data, they may set
up only one department, "Tribe." If data are only available by reservation, that could also be one
way of organizing data within the tool. Alternatively, if the user has data broken down by billing
units which are different from tribal departments, they may name the "Departments" after those
units. You must enter a minimum of 1 department in this step.
The user will also set up information about their electricity providers. Users can select which eGRID
sub-region serves the area view the default emission factors, and can enter up to five utilities with
utility-specific emission factors (if available).
GHG Emission Scopes
To account for direct and indirect emissions, and to provide transparency and a guiding framework
for the inventory tool, GHG estimates are categorized according to 3 scopes. The following scopes
are defined by the Local Government Operations Protocol and are used throughout the tool:
Scope 1: All direct GHG emissions (with the exception of direct C02 emissions from biogenic
sources).
Scope 2: Indirect GHG emission associated with the use of purchased or acquired electricity, steam,
heating, or cooling.
Scope 3: All other indirect emissions not covered in Scope 2, such as emissions resulting from the
extraction and production of purchased materials and fuels, transport-related activities in vehicles
not owned or controlled by the reporting entity (e.g., employee commuting and business travel),
outsourced activities, waste disposal, etc.
In addition to accounting for emissions according to these 3 scopes, the LGOP provides guidance on
imports and exports by a local government, and how emissions for these should be taken into
account. As an example, waste imported into the city, and treated at a government run facility is
reported as Scope 1 emission estimates. Waste generated by the local government, and exported
and treated outside of the local government's boundaries is included in Scope 3 estimates. The
LGGIT accounts for in-boundary consumption and resulting emissions and excludes any emissions
released from products consumed or services exported from the locality.
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CO,
SF6 CH< NjO HFCs PFCs
SCOPE 1
DIRECT
SCOPE 2
INDIRECT
SCOPE 3
INDIRECT
EMPLOYEE RUSINESS TRAVEL
PURCHASED ELECf ClOnf
¦hOft OWN USeH
PRODUCTION OF
PURCHASED
MATERIALS
CO
OWNED VEHICLES
PRODUCT
HuseH
WASTE DISPOSAL
CONTRACTOR OWNED
OUTSOURCED ACTIVITIES
VEHICLES
FUEL COMBUSTION
Source: WRI/WBCSD GHG protocol Corporate Standard, Chapter 4 (2004).
Some local governments also choose to purchase green power or renewable energy certificates (RECS).
According to section 6.2.4 of the LGOP, a local government "may not deduct these purchases from your
Scope 2 emissions because doing so would constitute double counting. This is because the renewable
energy portion of a utility's power supply is already accounted for in the region's eGRID factor." The
LGOP encourages local governments to disclose information about these activities in their inventory
report, but not to include them in the calculations as this would lead to double counting.
Since Scope 3 emissions vary in complexity and in the activities they represent, it is recommended that
users calculate emission estimates for additional sources outside the tool and enter the estimates in the
Additional Emission Sources worksheet. An example of Scope 3 calculations from one local government
is included in the box below.
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City of Eugene 2000 and 2005 GHG Inventory Report Scope 3 Emissions
The City of Eugene included Scope 3 emissions from vehicle fuels used by City employees
commuting to work, disposal of the City's solid waste from internal operations, and the embodied
energy in goods and services purchased by the City.
For embodied energy in goods and services purchased by the City, the City of Eugene
provided an estimate that was derived from a national model (developed by Carnegie
Mellon University) of the GHG emissions embodied in different types of purchases. The
City estimated that approximately 18,120 metric tonnes of GHG emissions was attributable
to $40 million in purchases of local goods and services.
Inventory Calculations
After the user has configured the tool on the Control Sheet, the tool will calculate the tribal
emissions, or the base year greenhouse gas inventory for the tribe's operations. The inventory is
separated into the 10 main emission sources below, from the Local Government Operations
Protocol (LGOP), and these sources are further organized by scope. Users can also enter emissions
for any additional sources they would like to calculate outside of the tool, and enter the estimates in
the Additional Emission Sources worksheet.
1.	Stationary Combustion of Fossil Fuels (Scope 1)
2.	Building/Facility Electricity Consumption (Scope 2)
3.	Mobile Combustion of Fossil Fuels (Fleet) (Scope 1)
4.	Solid Waste Disposal (Scope 1)
5.	Wastewater Treatment (Scope 1)
6.	Employee Commutes (Scope 3)
7.	Water Consumption in Tribal Facilities (Scope 3)
8.	Agriculture & Land Management (Scope 3)
9.	Forestry (Scope 3)
10.	Waste Generation (Scope 3)
11.	Additional Emission Sources (optional) (Scope 1,2, or 3)
For each source, the user will be asked to enter data about relevant tribal activities (e.g. electricity
consumed, fuel used) during the inventory base year. The tool can be used to develop emissions
estimates for a base year, as well as used to track emissions over time if different versions of the
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Excel file are saved. Default emission factors for each activity are provided, and the user is given the
option to override these factors, if necessary. There are multiple sheets for some emission sources,
but not for all sources. Each emissions source follows a distinct process the user will follow to
determine the emissions, as explained below:
Stationary Combustion, Electricity Use, and Mobile Combustion
1.	Users enter activity/fuel use data on Entry Sheet OR
2.	Users can batch import data on Data Sheet.
3.	Emissions are calculated and summarized on the Calculation Sheet.
Solid Waste
1.	Users answer questions about their tribe's solid waste disposal system on the Control Sheet.
2.	Based on the answers to the questions, users will enter data about their solid waste system and
view emissions summary on the Entry, Calculation & Summary Sheet.
Wastewater Treatment
1.	Users answer questions about their tribe's wastewater treatment system(s) on the Control
Sheet.
2.	Based on the answers to the questions, users will enter data about their wastewater treatment
systems on the Entry Sheet; and
3.	Emissions will be calculated and summarized on the Calculation & Summary Sheet.
Employee Commutes, Water Consumption, Agriculture & Land Management, Forestry, and Waste
Generation
1. Users will enter necessary data, and view emissions on a single sheet.
Additional Emission Sources
1. Users can enter emissions from up to 10 additional sources on a single sheet.
All tribal emissions for the inventory year are summarized on the Emissions Summary sheet.
The tool estimates emissions for the 6 Kyoto Gases- C02, CH4, N20, PFCs, HFCs, and SF6. Gases
included for each Scope are provided in the following table.
Local Government GHG Inventory Tool Worksheet
Gases Included
Scope 1
Stationary Combustion
co2, ch4, n2o
Mobile Combustion
co2, ch4, n2o
Solid Waste
ch4
Wastewater
ch4, n2o
Scope 2
Electricity Use
co2, ch4, n2o
Scope 3
Employee Commute (Scope 3)
co2
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Agriculture & Land Management (Scope 3)
l\l20
Urban Forestry (Scope 3)
C02 (sequestered)
Waste Generation (Scope 3)
ch4
Water Use (Scope 3)
C02, CH4, N20
Other (Scope 1, 2, or 3)
Additional Emission Sources
C02, CH4, N20, HFCs, PFCs, sf6
Biogenic emissions are not included in the module, and as a standard practice the C02 emissions
occurring from biofuel combustion are not included in total inventory estimates. According to the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, biogenic C02 emissions are defined as C02 emissions related
to the natural carbon cycle, as well as those resulting from the combustion, harvest, combustion,
digestion, fermentation, decomposition, or processing of biologically based materials. EPA provides
examples of biogenic C02 emissions including:
•	C02 from the combustion of biogas collected from biological decomposition of waste in
landfills, wastewater treatment, or manure management processes
•	C02 from combustion of the biological fraction of municipal solid waste or biosolids
•	C02 derived from combustion of biological material, including forest-derived and
agriculture-derived feedstocks.
According to the LGOP, because of the distinction between biogenic and anthropogenic emissions, if
you choose to quantify biogenic emissions, they should be tracked separately from Scope 1 direct
emissions. In addition, the LGOP advises the following:
"Biogenic emissions related to forestry and land management should not be quantified under
this Protocol as the Protocol is designed to account primarily for the anthropogenic sources of
GHG emissions, and is not designed to assess the carbon stocks of government-owned lands
(see Section 2.3 in the LGOP). Biogenic emissions also occur from sources other than
combustion, such as the aerobic decomposition of organic matter. These non-combustion
biogenic emissions should not be included in your GHG inventory."
Emission factors for each calculation are included in the "Factors" worksheet of the module, and
specific sources for each of the emission factors are provided in the table below.
Scope 1
Emission Factor Source
Stationary Combustion
US EPA Mandatory Reporting Rule
Mobile Combustion
U.S. EPA, National GHG Inventory
Solid Waste
U.S. EPA, National GHG Inventory
Wastewater
U.S. EPA, National GHG Inventory
Scope 2

Electricity Use
EPA's eGRID
Scope 3

Employee Commute
U.S. EPA, National GHG Inventory
Agriculture & Land Management
U.S. EPA, National GHG Inventory
Urban Forestry
U.S. EPA, State Inventory Tools
Waste Generation
U.S. EPA, National GHG Inventory
Water Use
California Energy Commission
Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations Module 13
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3. Sheet Instructions and Methodology
This section provides a guide to using the Government Operations Module to estimate greenhouse
gas emissions from tribal government operations. The methods and default values used for the
inventory component of this tool are from the LGOP. Calculation sheets are provided so that
methods and emission estimates are transparent in the tool. Instructions for completing each sheet
of the tool are below.
Use the Control Sheet to configure the tool to your tribal government. Enter up to 20 tribal
departments, identify electricity providers, and click the "Set Up" button (in Step 4 at the bottom of
the Control Sheet) to get started.
The module can be used to inventory GHG emissions from 2000 through 2020. EPA decided not to
include inventory years going back to 1990, as there is limited availability of emission factors dating
back to 1990 and tribes will likely not have data going back to 1990. According to the LGOP, "It is
good practice to compile an emissions inventory for the earliest year for which complete and
accurate data can be gathered. The base year for the UNFCCC and subsequent Kyoto Protocol is
calendar year 1990. However, required data from 1990 is often prohibitively difficult or impossible
to collect. Given that the priority for a greenhouse gas management program should be on practical
results, it is more important that the base year be documented with enough detail to provide a good
basis for local action planning than it is that all local governments produce an inventory with the
same, stipulated base year."
NOTE: Once you click the "Set Up" button, you may not go back and change tribal departments you
have already entered. You may add departments, but be sure to click "Set Up" again.
Enter annual stationary fuel use and electricity consumption for each entity for which you have data
in the yellow cells. These entities may be of any scale—the entire tribe, reservation, tribal
departments, buildings, or individual
Control Sheet
Stationary Combustion and Electricity Consumption
Inventory Sheets
Entry Sheets
equipment such as furnaces. To use
the form, first enter the data for a
given unit (Unit Description, Facility
Box 2. Tribe-Owned/Operated Electric Utilities
If your tribal government owns and operates an electric
utility, those data should be entered on the Stationary
Combustion worksheet. If this is the case for your tribe,
select "Other" for facility type, and enter a descriptive
title for the electric utility under "Unit Description."
Type, Department, Fuel Type, and Fuel
Consumption), then click "Add/Update
Record." The data will be saved in a
data sheet, and the fields will remain
Examples of tribal owned/operated electric utilities are
available online at:
Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Op
http://appsl.eere.energy.gov/tribalenergy/pdfs/tribal
authority.pdf.

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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
with the current data entered. The purpose of this process is to facilitate similar data entries for
multiple entries. You will receive a confirmation message when the record has been successfully
added. At any point, you may click "Reset Form" to clear all fields. If you would like to enter more
than one record at a time, you may proceed to the "Stationary-Data" or "Electricity-Data" sheet and
directly add data there.
If you would like to change any aspect of a previous entry, select "Edit Record." A drop-down menu
will appear. Select the entry you would like to change, make changes to the entry fields as needed,
and then click "Add/Update Record." To delete a record entirely, click the "Delete Record" button. A
dropdown menu will appear that contains the previously entered data. Select the entry to delete
from the drop-down, and confirm that this entry should be deleted. After you confirm that you
would like the entry deleted, the saved data will be erased.
If you enter data at the facility level, please specify the type of facility from the dropdown menu
under "Facility Type (if applicable)." Types of facilities include office buildings, warehouses, outdoor
lighting, wastewater infrastructure, health, school, and other.
Data Sheets
Data entered through the Entry Sheet forms appears here (Figure 6). If you would like to upload a
large set of data without using the form, you may do so by clicking the blue "Create Data File
Template" button. This will open up a new batch data template file, which has two tabs. The "Read
Me" tab explains any restrictions (such as units) you need to know when preparing your data file.
Complete the template data sheet with your data, then copy and paste it into the Data sheet below
the "Saved Data" section, beginning in Row 9.
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Figure 6. Stationary and Electricity Data Sheets
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Click here to
generate a
template file
Paste data from template file
here beginning in row 9. If
not using batch import, data
will appear here as entered
on Entrv sheet.
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The process for completing the mobile combustion sector follows nearly the same format as the
stationary and electricity sectors. However, due to the complicated nature of mobile emissions
calculations, one extra step is required. After all data has been entered, either through the Entry
Sheet form or the batch data template file, you must click the "Update Calculations" near the
bottom of the Mobile Entry sheet, as shown below in Figure 7.
Figure 7. Mobile Entry—Update Calculations
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After you have competed data entry, please dick on tile " Update Calculations" button In Step 3,
Add/Update Record |	Wit Hetord |	Delete Heron!
1) Describe the wehlclefi] you are entering
Vehicle or vehicle group description	fhrpartmrnl

Vehicle Type
Vehicle Model [optional)
fuel type
2) Enter the activity dat
Fuel consumed ():
Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) *:
3) Update the calculations.
Helpful HktC if you da n« know the VMT for this entry, you can multiply the fuel consumes by the
•Mi*? of the 'rf-ehKle/vefaclr group. Use your own effKiency data or see the table hctow far average UK.
by vehicle type and fuel. ¦> Vehkle Mfe» - Galium • Milea/Ce»cri	
	Average MPS	
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Click "Update Calculations" once all mobile
combustion data has been entered
•-jctoi	-'-onary^ntrr . StKlonary'Oata . StaUonaiv-Qto fc«
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Solid Waste Inventory Sheets
Control Sheet
On the control sheet, first select whether your tribe has operational control over any landfills. If not,
you may opt to use the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Waste Reduction Model
(WARM) to calculate your Scope 3 emissions. This step is optional, but can also be used to calculate
waste emission reductions.
For every landfill over which you have operational control, please select whether those landfills have
landfill gas collection systems and whether those systems are comprehensive or partial. Under the
LGOP, landfill gas (LFG) collection systems are considered "comprehensive" if the landfill is required
to have a LFG collection system under
EPA's New Source Performance
Standards or a system more stringent as
dictated by local regulations.
For these landfills that do not have LFG
collection systems, you need to use the
California Air Resources Board's (CARB) Landfill Emissions Tool, which is based on the IPCC First
Order Decay (FOD) model. To use the model, you will need the annual waste deposited in each
landfill as well as the opening and closing year of each landfill. Once you have run the model, please
paste the final methane (CH4) emissions output for each landfill in the yellow cells on in the tool.
Calculations Sheet
Depending on your entries on the Solid Waste control sheet, you will be presented with formulas to
calculate your tribe's emissions from solid waste management. Enter values requested in the pale
yellow cells. Click on the checkbox to use default values for the fraction of CH4 in your tribe's landfill
gas. Your solid waste emissions will be summarized at the bottom of the sheet.
Wastewater Treatment Inventory Sheets
Control Sheet
On the wastewater control sheet, answer the series of questions about the type(s) of wastewater
treatment systems in your tribe. For every type of system (anaerobic or aerobic treatment with or
without nitrification/denitrification), you will be asked to provide the population served by that
system on the entry sheet. You will also answer questions about data availability for your
wastewater treatment systems.
Entry Sheet
The wastewater entry sheet provides data input cells based on your answers to the questions on the
wastewater control sheet. Enter data in the yellow cells in the specified units as requested.
Box 3. Tribe-Owned/Operated Landfills
If your tribal government owns and operates a landfill,
those data should be entered on the Solid Waste
worksheets.
Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations Module 17
May 2015
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Calculations Sheet
The calculation sheet shows the formulas used to determine your tribe's emissions from wastewater
treatment, using methodology from the LGOP. The gray cells link to the values you entered on the
Wastewater Entry Sheet.
Your total emissions are summarized in the table at the top of the sheet. You may scroll down to
view the detailed calculations, but no action is required on this sheet. If you would like to change
any of the entered values, you may do so on the entry sheet.
Employee Commute Inventory Sheet
The employee commute sheet will calculate Scope 3 emissions from employee commutes to work.
In the yellow cells, enter the number of employees per department, the proportion of those
employees who take various modes of transportation to work, average commute distance, and the
annual number of work days. Default data for every entry except number of employees has been
provided, but you may change them if you have better data.
Once you enter this information, the total emissions from employee commutes will be calculated.
Imported Water Inventory Sheet
The water sheet is where you will calculate the Scope 3 emissions associated with imported water
consumption by your tribal government. These emissions are indirectly associated with electricity
use and other emissions required to provide water to your tribe. This does not include the electricity
or energy use used directly at tribal water facilities. Any such electricity use associated with water
within your tribe (such as tribal water pumps) should be entered under the Electricity tab.
If your tribe imports water, enter the amount of water consumed by department during the
inventory year and where that water is imported from. Each import source is associated with
different emission factors, and will be used to calculate your tribe's indirect emissions from water
consumption.
Agriculture & Land Management Inventory Sheet
The agriculture & land management sheet is where you will calculate the Scope 3 emissions
associated with fertilizer application by your tribe. These emissions are associated with the
application of synthetic, organic, and manure fertilizers. A portion of applied fertilizers volatilize into
the air in the form of N20.
Once you enter the information for each department on the amount of fertilizer applied by fertilizer
type, the total emissions from this source will be calculated.
Forestry Inventory Sheet
The forestry sheet is where you will calculate the Scope 3 emissions associated with trees managed
by your tribal government. Changes in carbon stocks in trees are calculated by estimating the total
Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations Module 18
May 2015
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
reservation area, the percent of that area with tree cover, and applying a carbon storage factor to
estimate carbon sequestration from trees. Note the LGOP states that biogenic forestry emissions are
not quantified under the LGOP and can be reported optionally (see Section 2.3 in the LGOP). EPA
decided to include these estimates in the tool so that local governments could optionally estimate
carbon stocks of government-owned land if this was applicable.
Once you enter the information on the tree coverage for each department, the total carbon
sequestration from this source will be calculated.
Waste Generation Inventory Sheet
The waste generation sheet is where you will calculate the Scope 3 emissions associated with the
decomposition of waste generated within your borders by government operations, but landfilled
elsewhere. This sheet applies to waste produced directly or indirectly by government operations
activities and disposed of in a solid waste facility not operated by the tribe. To calculate Scope 3
emissions from waste, utilize EPA's WAste Reduction Model (WARM) either as a web-based
calculator or an Excel spreadsheet. If the waste is disposed of in a facility operated by the tribe,
emissions should be calculated as Scope 1 emissions on the Solid Waste-Control and Solid Waste-
Entry sheets.
Once you enter the information for each department on the waste generation, the total emissions
from this source will be calculated.
Additional Sources Inventory Sheet
Use this sheet to enter emissions from any additional sources you would like to include in your
inventory. Assign each source to a
department, note what scope the
emissions fall under, and enter any
greenhouse gas emissions in metric
tons of carbon dioxide equivalent
(MTC02e). In Chapter 11, the LGOP
provides a list of other processes and
fugitive emissions that could be
estimated outside of the tool, and the
results of the emissions calculations can be input on this sheet.
Box 4. Additional Sources Examples
Examples of additional government-owned sources that
could be added include emissions from industrial
processes, livestock, HVACfrom refrigeration, and
mobile vehicle air-conditioning (MVAC's), to name a
few.
4. Uncertainty
The GHG inventory component of the tool follows the methodology of the LGOP. Users should refer
to the LGOP for a discussion of the uncertainty associated with default assumptions.
Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations Module 19	May 2015
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
5. Tool References
These references refer to resources cited in the Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool:
Government Operations Module as well as in the User's Guide.
CARB (California Air Resources Board). 2010. Local Government Operations Protocol, Version 1.1.
California Air Resources Board, California Climate Action Registry, ICLEI - Local Governments for
Sustainability, and The Climate Registry. Available at:
http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/protocols/localgov/localgov.htm.
CEC (California Energy Commission). 2000-2010. Total Electricity System Power. California Energy
Commission. Available at: http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/electricity/total_system_power.html.
CEC (California Energy Commission). 2006a. California Commercial End-Use Survey. California Energy
Commission. Available at: http://www.energy.ca.gov/ceus/.
CEC (California Energy Commission). 2006b. Refining Estimates of Water-Related Energy Use in
California. California Energy Commission. CEC-500-2006-118. Available at:
http://www.energy.ca.gov/2006publications/CEC-500-2006-118/CEC-500-2006-118.PDF.
FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). 2010. Highway Statistics 2008. Federal Highway
Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Available at:
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2008/.
LGOP (Local Government Operations Protocol). 2010. Local Government Operations Protocol,
Version 1.1. California Air Resources Board, California Climate Action Registry, ICLEI - Local
Governments for Sustainability, and The Climate Registry. Available at:
http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/protocols/localgov/localgov.htm.
U.S. Census Bureau. 2008. American Community Survey: Table S0801 - Commuting Characteristics.
U.S. Census Bureau. Available at:
http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml.
U.S. EPA. 2010. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2008. Office of
Atmospheric Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-06-002.
U.S. EPA. 2015. eGRID 2012 Version 1.0. Office of Clean Energy, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/egrid/index.html.
U.S. EPA. 2012. eGRID 2010 Version 1.0. Office of Clean Energy, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/egrid/index.html.
U.S. EPA. 2011. eGRID 2009 Version 1.0. Office of Clean Energy, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/egrid/index.html.
U.S. EPA. 2010. eGRID 2007 Version 1.0. Office of Clean Energy, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/egrid/index.html.
Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations Module 20
May 2015
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. EPA. 2007. eGRID 2005 Version 1.1. Office of Clean Energy, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/egrid/index.html.
U.S. EPA. 2002. Updating Fuel Economy Estimates in MOBILE6.3 - DRAFT. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA420-P-02-005. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/oms/models/mobile6/p02005.pdf.
6. Additional Resources
Below are additional resources that can help facilitate the development of your local government
GHG inventory.
Resource Name
Link
ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager	http://www.energystar.gov/buildings/about-us/how-can-we-help-
you/benchmark-energy-use/use-energy-star-benchmarking-tools
Local Government Operations	http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/protocols/localgov/localgov.htm
Protocol
Landfill Emissions Tool	http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/protocols/localgov/localgov.htm
EPA MOVES on-road Emissions	http://www.epa.gov/oms/stateresources/ghgtravel.htm
Model
Local Climate Action Framework	http://epa.gov/statelocalclimate/local/implementation/inventory.html
Tribal Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool: Government Operations Module 21
May 2015
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