RETURN TO USE INITIATIVE
2011 Demonstration Project
ABEX CORPORATION:
Portsmouth, Virginia
THE SITE: For 50 years, the Abex Corporation/
Brass Products Group operated a brass and bronze
foundry in one of the oldest urban neighborhoods of
Portsmouth, Virginia, iess than a mile from the Norfolk
Naval Shipyard, The plant produced recycled railroad
journal bearings through melting and recasting the
metal from worn bearings. Operations at the Abex
Corporation site (the Site) ceased in 1978, butemissions
from the smelting furnaces and the improper disposal
of 3,500 cubic yards of waste sands from the casting
operations resulted in contaminated soil at the former
foundry and surrounding area. In addition, furnace
waste sands had been inappropriately used as fill
material for residential and commercial development at
properties near the foundry, resulting in contamination
of soils in residential yards, a housing complex, a small
playground and a rehabilitation center. Contaminants
of concern included lead, other heavy metals and
volatile organic compounds. In 1990, EPA added the
Site to the National Priorities List (NPL).
In 1992, investigations determined that lead levels in
site soils presented a health threat. Contamination
at the Site is being addressed in two operable units
(OUs): OU1 addresses contamination within a 700-
foot radius of the former foundry and OU2 addresses
contamination beyond the OU1 area. The Site's
remedy, selected in 1992, includes excavation, removal
and off-site disposal of waste material, and backfilling
of excavated areas with clean fill. Foundry buildings on
OU1 were demolished to allow for soil excavation work
to address soil beneath the footprint of the buildings as
well as the surrounding area. OU1 cleanup activities
were completed in 2009 and institutional controls are
in place to prevent future exposure. Cleanup activities
and investigation continue for OU2. EPA is also
investigating the source of ground water contamination
discovered at the Site in 2010.
PICTURED: Remedial construction activities on the Site,
(source: EPA)
BARRIER: Postponement of remedial activities to address
public health concerns.
SOLUTION: Collaboration among multiple stakeholders to
ensure land reuse that is protective of human health and the
environment.
PICTURED: The new Portsmouth Community Health Center,
(source: EPA)
BEFORE: Contaminated soils presented public health
concerns.
AFTER: Protective remediation of the Site has addressed
public health concerns and improved quality of life by providing
needed medical care facilities and emergency response services.
These new amenities have helped revitalize this community and
attracted new businesses to the area.
SEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Superfund Redevelopment Initiative
December 2011 1

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THE OPPORTUNITY: The Abex Corp. site is located in a historically African American district
with a low income population that is designated as a Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) due
to shortages of primary medical and dental care providers. The City of Portsmouth was interested
in bringing additional services to the Southside Portsmouth area, and the Site provided appealing
redevelopment opportunities, particularly since developable land is in high demand in the area. In
addition, strengthening area infrastructure could help to overcome stigma and promote the productive
use of under-utilized land parcels by attracting businesses. In this way, the City's initial redevelopment
could spur a cycle of redevelopment to help revitalize the local economy with jobs and an increased
tax base.
THE BARRIERS: Although EPAhad selected a site cleanup plan in 1992 with remediation activities
scheduled and cleanup underway on portions of the Site, remedial activities had to be postponed due
to public health concerns.
THE SOLUTION: Opportunities for community input were included throughout the decision-making
process for the Site's cleanup and redevelopment. Multiple stakeholders worked collaboratively to
address the public health concerns and transition the property to appropriate land use that is protective
of human health and the environment. In addition, the Portsmouth Redevelopment and Housing
Authority secured grants and funding to help make the transition successful.
THE SITE NOW: The Site's reuse has played a significant role in the success of Portsmouth's
urban revitalization, which has become a model for similar redevelopment efforts. There are three
public service facilities at the Site: Fire Station 1, the Hampton Roads Community Health Center
and the Charles A. Fisher Memorial Academy. Fire Station 1 serves as an anchor for redevelopment
with its central location on the Site and improved response time for fire and medical emergencies.
The not-for-profit Hampton Roads Community Health Center (formerly the Portsmouth Community
Health Center) is a Federally Qualified Health Center, providing primary health care and dental
care to the local community and adjusting charges based on ability to pay. The Health Center also
provides laboratory services; pharmaceutical services; behavioral health and preventive care health
services; and education, translation and transportation services that promote access to healthcare.
Outreach activities, including off-site health fairs, provide screening services to local residents at no
cost. The Charles A. Fisher Memorial Academy is part of the Portsmouth Sherriff's Office and provides
law enforcement and correctional curricula training for staff at federal, state and local agencies in the
southeastern portion of the state. The Portsmouth Mounted Police Stables are located adjacent to the
academy and the police unit regularly patrols the Portsmouth streets.
Commercial redevelopment at the Site includes a coffee distribution facility and a shopping center
and a revitalized park has added green space to the community. Returning the Site to beneficial reuse
has improved the aesthetic appeal of the local landscape, attracted new businesses with anticipated
further redevelopment, and provided needed community services to improve the local quality of life for
Portsmouth residents.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT: Christopher Thomas, Region 3
Superfund Redevelopment Coordinator, at thomas.christopher@epa.aov or (215) 814-5555 or Fred
MacMillan, Remedial Project Manager, at macmillan.fred@epa.aov or (215) 814-3201.
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Superfund Redevelopment Initiative
December 2011 2

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