2021 Diesel Emissions Reduction Act
(DERA) State Grants Program Guide
£%	United States
Environmental Protect
Agency

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2021 Diesel Emissions Reduction Act
(DERA) State Grants Program Guide
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
£EPA
United States	EPA-420-B-21-009
Environmental Protection	crrt 4ZU D z ' UU3
Agency	March 2021

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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
February 2021
SUMMARY
EPA's Office of Transportation and Air Quality is soliciting proposals from eligible states and
territories for participation in the 2021 Diesel Emission Reduction Act (DERA) State Grants. EPA
anticipates approximately $90 million available for all fiscal year 2021 DERA programs. In
accordance with DERA, EPA makes 30 percent (approximately $27 million for fiscal year 2021) of the
annual allocation available to states and territories in the form of assistance agreements under the State
Grants. Funding can support grant and rebate programs administered by eligible states or territories
that are designed to achieve significant reductions in diesel emissions.
The DERA State Grants program is not a competition; it is an allocation process in which the eligible
states and territories submit their interest to participate to EPA, and EPA awards a specific allocation
by formula, based on the number of states and territories with approved applications that participate.
DERA State Grants funding for 2021 will be distributed as a new award rather than a supplemental
amendment to prior year funds. In general, states and territories must complete all work on prior year
DERA State Grants by September 30, 2021 to receive 2021 grant funding.
Eligible diesel vehicles, engines and equipment may include buses, Class 5 - Class 8 heavy-duty
highway vehicles, marine engines, locomotives and nonroad engines, equipment or vehicles such as
those used in construction, handling of cargo, agriculture, mining or energy production.
Eligible diesel emissions reduction solutions include verified retrofit technologies such as exhaust
after-treatment technologies, engine upgrades, and cleaner fuels and additives, verified idle reduction
technologies, verified aerodynamic technologies, verified low rolling resistance tires, certified engine
replacements and conversions, and certified vehicle or equipment replacement.
All public materials for the DERA State Grants are available at www.epa.gov/dera/state.
COVID-19 Update: EPA is providing flexibilities to applicants experiencing challenges related to
COVID-19. Please see the Flexibilities Available to Organizations Impacted by COVID-19 clause
in Section IV of EPA's Solicitation Clauses.

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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
Table of Contents
February 2021
I.	OVERVIEW	1
II.	STATUTORY AUTHORITY	1
III.	ELIGIBLE APPLICANTS	1
IV.	2021 FUNDING SCHEDULE AND PROCEDURES	2
V.	NOTICE OF INTENT	2
VI.	ALLOCATION OF FUNDS	4
VII.	APPLICATION PACKAGE AND SUBMISSION INFORMATION	4
VIII.	SCOPE OF WORK	6
IX.	FUNDING RESTRICTIONS	22
X.	COST-SHARE REQUIREMENTS	25
XI.	WAIVER OF PROGRAMMATIC REQUIREMENTS	27
XII.	AWARD ADMINISTRATION INFORMATION	27
XIII.	APPENDIX A: HOWTO FUND PROJECTS AND PARTNERSHIPS	29
XIV.	APPENDIX B: MANDATED MEASURES JUSTIFICATION	33

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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
February 2021
I. OVERVIEW
This document, the 2021 Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) State Grants Program Guide,
consolidates and streamlines the programmatic requirements applicable to all new DERA State
Grant awards receiving 2021 funding.
This document provides information to EPA Regions and to participating states and territories
concerning how the Agency intends to exercise its discretion in awarding and managing DERA State
Grants for 2021. This guidance is designed to provide national policy on these issues. Some of the
statutory provisions described in this document contain legally binding requirements. However, this
document does not substitute for those provisions or regulations, nor is it a regulation itself. Thus, it
cannot impose legally binding requirements on EPA, states, territories or the regulated community,
and may not apply to a particular situation based upon the circumstances. Any decisions regarding a
particular situation will be made based on the statutes and regulations, and EPA decision-makers
retain the discretion to adopt approaches on a case-by-case basis that differ from this guidance where
appropriate.
II. STATUTORY AUTHORITY
Title VII, Subtitle G, Section 793 of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program (DERA) in the Energy
Policy Act of 2005 (codified at 42 U.S.C. 16133) authorizes the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) to support grant and rebate programs, administered by eligible states or territories,
which are designed to achieve significant reductions in diesel emissions. This program is referred to
as both the State Clean Diesel Grant Program (the Program) and the DERA State Grants. While
EPA has authority under DERA to support grant programs, EPA's authority to obligate grant funds
is subject to the availability of appropriated funds.
III. ELIGIBLE APPLICANTS
Eligibility to apply for and receive funds under the Program is limited to the 50 states, the District of
Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana
Islands. For the purposes of this document, the term "state" will be used to describe these 56 entities.
EPA presumes that the state agency with jurisdiction over air quality will be the lead agency to
receive these funds. If a state's circumstances dictate that another state agency administer the funds,
then a letter from the state governor or designee to the Administrator of EPA is required to certify
one state agency as the recipient of funds who has the legal and administrative authority to enter into
a grant or cooperative agreement with EPA. Upon receipt, EPA will consider that agency the lead
agency from that point forward. However, if there is a change, a new governor's letter to the
Administrator must be submitted during the renewal process and the new agency would be
considered the lead agency for future grants. For fiscal year 2021, the letter to identify an alternate
lead agency and provide specific contact information should be sent to the following contacts and be
received on or before April 15, 2021. A scan of the signed letter must also be emailed to
DERA@epa.gov.
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
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Jane Nishida
Acting Administrator
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Mail Code: 1101A
Washington, DC 20460
Cc: Christine Koester, Director
Legacy Fleets Incentives and Assessment Center
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Mail Code: 6406A
Washington, DC 20460
Phone: (202) 343-9689, Fax: (202) 343-2803, Email: koester.Christine@epa. gov
IV. 2021 FUNDING SCHEDULE AND PROCEDURES
Table 1: 2021 Funding Schedule
Aciivily
Dale
EPA sends all eligible states the 2021 program materials
March 3, 2021
Deadline for all participating states to submit a Notice of Intent to Participate
(NOIP) to EPA via email (DERA@eDa.gov)
March 18, 2021
EPA will inform the states of their final allocation via email
March 24, 2021
Deadline for states to submit Workplan and Budget Narrative and Fleet Description
to their EPA Regional Office for review
April 26, 2021
Deadline for participating states to submit their application package to
www.Grants.gov
May 26, 2021
Project period for 2021 awards begins. Regional offices will finalize the 2021
Program awards prior to October 1, 2021.
October 1, 2021
Deadline for 2021 projects to be completed
September 30, 2023
Note: This schedule is subject to change, updated guidance will be provided directly to states as needed.
V. NOTICE OF INTENT
A.	Notice of Intent to Participate: States that want to receive 2021 DERA State Grants funding
must submit a Notice of Intent to Participate (NOIP).
B.	Open 2020 and Earlier State Grants: In general, any state with open DERA State Grants from
2020 or earlier must ensure that the project period of these award ends by September 30, 2021,
for the state to receive 2021 funding. This means that vehicles/equipment should be delivered,
technologies installed, and all other project work completed by September 30, 2021. If the state
has already obligated but not drawn down funds by the grant period end date, it will have to
make a final request for a drawdown payment. If the state is unable to complete all the tasks
outlined in the work plan and obligate or expend all 2020 and earlier funds by September 30,
2021, the EPA Regional program office can close out the awards and de-obligate the remaining
funds so that the state can participate in the 2021 Program.
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Alternatively, if a state with an open DERA State Grant award from 2020 or earlier is unable to
complete all the tasks outlined in the work plan and obligate or expend all 2020 and earlier funds
by September 30, 2021, the state can request a no-cost time extension of the project period.
However, a state requesting a no-cost time extension for a currently open DERA State Grant
award may not be able to receive 2021 Program funding. Requests to extend previous awards
and also receive a new award will be evaluated and approved by the EPA Regional program
office on a case-by-case basis. Approval is dependent on the status of the project and
unexpended funds, the ability to complete the project in ~6 months, and assurances that
completion of the project will not negatively affect the state's ability to implement its 2021
workplan.
C.	Voluntary Match Incentive: The NOIP must indicate if the state intends to voluntarily
contribute funding to the 2021 Program project budget. The NOIP must also indicate the amount
and sources of non-federal voluntary matching funds.
If a state provides a voluntary match equal to the base allocation offered by EPA, EPA will
provide a matching incentive equal to 50 percent of the base allocation. For example: If EPA
offers a base allocation of $200,000 to the state, the state could contribute $200,000 of state
funding as a voluntary match and the state would receive an additional $100,000 in EPA funding
as a matching incentive. The total project budget would then be $500,000, not including any
mandatory cost-share funds.
The voluntary match may be satisfied by allowable costs incurred by the state (i.e., in-kind
contributions), or by cash donations of state funds or private funds. State voluntary matching
funds included in the approved project budget are subject to the same terms and conditions and
funding limits as the awarded DERA funds. A recipient is legally obligated to expend any
voluntary match included in the approved project budget within the project period of that award.
Mandatory cost-share funds provided by the state and/or eligible third parties cannot count
towards the state's voluntary matching funds to qualify for the matching incentive. See Section
X for additional information on mandatory cost-share requirements.
D.	Submission of the NOIP: The Notice of Intent to Participate template, which is available in a
fillable Word form (www.epa.gov/dera/state), can be submitted in one of two ways: 1) a state
can fill out the form electronically or by hand, print and sign the document, scan the document,
and return the document via email to DERA@epa.gov: or 2) a state can fill out the form
electronically, digitally sign the document, save the document and return via email to
DERA@epa.gov. The Notice must be signed by the Environmental Commissioner or other
authorized official, but does not need to be emailed from this person directly; the Notice can be
emailed from the programmatic contact at the state.
E.	Review of the NOIP: EPA's Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ) will forward the
Notices to the appropriate EPA Regional Office for review. Regions will work with the states as
necessary to resolve any identified issues.
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VI. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS
A.	Allocation Formula: EPA anticipates approximately $90 million available for the 2021 DERA
Programs. In accordance with 42 U.S.C. 16133, subject to the availability of appropriations,
EPA makes 30 percent (approximately $27 million for 2021) of the DERA Program's annual
allocation available to states and territories in the form of assistance agreements under the
DERA State Grants. This 30 percent is divided: two-thirds is provided as a base allocation and
one-third is provided as an incentive to match.
If all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the five qualifying territories participate in the 2021
program, then the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico will each receive 1.887
percent of the two-thirds of the funds set aside for the DERA State Grants as a potential base
allocation. The remaining territories each qualify for 0.472 percent of the two-thirds of the funds
set aside for the State Grants as a potential base allocation. If fewer than all 50 states, the District
of Columbia, and the five qualifying territories submit a NOIP in 2021, then the population
formula outlined in 42 U.S.C. 16133(c)(2)(B) will be applied to any unclaimed base funds, and
these funds will be added to the all participating states' and territories' potential base allocations.
In that case, OTAQ will perform the allocation calculation using the U.S. Census Bureau
estimated population data for 2010, found at www.census.gov/2010census/. Unclaimed funds
from the State Grants will revert to the DERA National Program.
Participating states and territories may choose to voluntarily match the EPA award amount. If a
state or territory provides a state match equal to the base allocation awarded by EPA, EPA will
provide a matching bonus equal to 50 percent of the base allocation. See Section V.C for
additional information on the voluntary match incentive.
B.	Allocation Notification: After receiving all NOIPs, OTAQ will calculate the final allocations
and notify state contacts via e-mail. States must then complete (1) a Fleet Description
spreadsheet with best estimates on the number and type of equipment that will be impacted by
the grant and (2) a Workplan and Budget Narrative and send these documents to their EPA
Region contacts for review. EPA will review the documents and provide comments so that the
state or territory can correct any issues prior to submitting the document in their application on
Grants.gov.
VII. APPLICATION PACKAGE AND SUBMISSION INFORMATION
A. Content of Application Package: The application package must include all the following
materials:
1.	Standard Form (SF) 424, Application for Federal Assistance
2.	Standard Form (SF) 424A, Budget Information
3.	Key Contacts Form
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4.	EPA Form 4700-4, Preaward Compliance Review
5.	Work Plan and Budget Narrative. States must use the template available at
www.epa.sov/dera/state to prepare their Work Plan and Budget Narrative. States should only
submit this document on grants.gov after it has been reviewed by their regional EPA DERA
contacts.
6.	Fleet Description Spreadsheet. States must use the template available at
www.epa.gov/dera/state. States should only submit this document on grants.gov after it has
been reviewed by their regional EPA DERA contacts.
B. Grants.gov Application Instructions
1.	Your organization's authorized official representative (AOR) must submit your complete
application package electronically to EPA through Grants.gov (www.Grants.gov).
2.	Follow the steps below to download, complete, and submit an application package through
Grants.gov. The application package contains the required forms listed above.
a.	Go to Grants.gov and then hover your cursor over the "Applicants" tab in the horizontal
row of blue tabs. A drop-down list will appear.
b.	Click on "How to Apply for Grants"
c.	Click on the red button titled, "Search for Opportunity Package," on the right-hand side
of the page
d.	Search by Funding Opportunity Number: EPA-CEP-01
e.	From the list of Opportunity Package(s) currently available, click on the "Apply" link
corresponding with CFDA #: 66.040
f.	Click on the red "Apply" button. You should be prompted to log-in. Follow the on-screen
instructions to complete the application submission.
g.	After downloading an application and saving it, you do not need to be online to complete
the application
h.	Complete the required forms listed above, including uploading and attaching your final
Work Plan and Budget Narrative and Fleet Description. Note: States and territories
should have already received approval on their Work Plan and Budget Narrative and
Fleet Description from their EPA Region prior to uploading this document in their
application. While filling out the application package, be sure to save frequently by
clicking the Save button on the cover page of the application package.
i.	Click the Check Package for Errors button to ensure all the required portions of the
application package are complete. Address any errors that are identified before
submitting.
j. Click the Save & Submit button after completing the application package. The Save &
Submit button will not be functional until the application is properly completed with no
errors and saved.
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VIII. SCOPE OF WORK
Title VII, Subtitle G, Section 793 of the Diesel Emissions Reduction Program (DERA) allows states
to use funds provided under the DERA State Grants to develop and implement grant and rebate
programs in the state as are appropriate to meet state needs and goals relating to the reduction of
diesel emissions, subject to the following eligibility limitations and funding priorities.
A.	Project and Budget Period: 2021 funds will be dispersed as a new award. The project and
budget period for 2021 funds will be October 1, 2021 to September 30, 2023.
B.	Eligible Diesel Vehicles, Engines and Equipment: Projects may include the diesel emissions
source type defined in Table 2, below:
Table 2: Eligible Diesel Vehicles, Engines and Equipment
School Buses
Includes diesel powered school buses of Type A, B, C and D. To be eligible as
a school bus a vehicle should meet the definition of a school bus as defined by
the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration. This definition
includes but is not limited to: 1) A bus that is used for purposes that included
carrying students to and from school or related events on a regular basis; 2) Be
identified with the words "School Bus"; and 3) Be painted National School Bus
Glossy Yellow.
Transit Buses
Includes Class 5+ diesel powered medium-duty and heavy-duty transit buses.
Medium-duty
or heavy-duty
trucks
Includes diesel powered medium-duty and heavy-duty highway vehicles with
gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) as defined below:
Class 5 (16,001 -19,500 lbs GVWR);
Class 6 (19,501 - 26,000 lbs GVWR);
Class 7 (26,001 - 33,000 lbs GVWR);
Class 8 (33,001 lbs GVWR and over)
Marine
Engines
Includes diesel powered Category 1,2, and 3 marine engines and vessels.
Locomotives
Includes diesel powered line-haul, passenger, and switch engines and
locomotives.
Nonroad
engines,
equipment or
vehicles
Includes diesel powered engines, equipment and vehicles used in construction,
handling of cargo (including at ports and airports), agriculture, mining, or
energy production (including stationary generators and pumps).
1. Drayage Trucks: Eligible heavy-duty trucks include drayage trucks. A "drayage truck"
means any Class 8 highway vehicle operating on or transgressing through port or intermodal
rail yard property for the purpose of loading, unloading or transporting cargo, such as
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containerized, bulk or break-bulk goods. If a state is funding drayage trucks, the state will be
required to establish guidelines to ensure that any existing truck replaced with grant funds
has a history of operating on a frequent basis over the prior year as a drayage truck, and to
ensure any new truck purchased with grant funds is operated in a manner consistent with the
definition of a drayage truck, as defined above. Sample drayage truck guidelines can be
found at www.epa.gov/dera/state.
2. Transport Refrigeration Units: Eligible nonroad equipment includes transport refrigeration
units (TRUs). Please see the TRU Factsheet found at www.epa.gov/dera/state for
information on TRUs and eligible TRU projects.
C. Eligible Diesel Emissions Reduction Solutions: Projects must include one or more of the
following diesel emissions reduction solutions that use a certified engine configuration and/or a
verified technology.
1.	Vehicle and Equipment Replacements: Nonroad and highway diesel vehicles and
equipment, locomotives, and marine vessels can be replaced with newer, cleaner vehicles
and equipment. Eligible replacement vehicles and equipment include those powered by
diesel or clean alternative fuel engines (including gasoline), electric generators (gensets),
hybrid engines, and zero tailpipe emissions power sources (grid, battery or fuel cell).
To be eligible for funding, vehicles and equipment must be powered by engines certified by
EPA and, if applicable, CARB emission standards. Zero tailpipe emissions vehicles and
equipment do not require EPA or CARB certification. EPA's annual certification data for
vehicles, engines, and equipment may be found at: www.epa.gov/compliance-and-fuel-
economy-data/annual-certification-data-vehicles-engines-and-equipment. EPA's engine
emission standards may be found at: www.epa.gov/emission-standards-reference-guide/all-
epa-emission-standards. Engines certified by CARB may be found by searching CARB's
Executive Orders for Heavy-duty Engines and Vehicles, found at:
www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/onroad/cert/cert.php. Please see the Low-NOx Engine Factsheet
found at www.epa.gov/dera/state for guidance on identifying engines certified to meet
CARB's Optional Low NOx Standards.
2.	Engine Replacement: Nonroad and highway diesel vehicles and equipment, locomotives,
and marine vessels can have their engines replaced with newer, cleaner engines. Eligible
replacement engines include those certified for use with diesel or clean alternative fuel
(including gasoline), electric generators (gensets), hybrid engines, and zero tailpipe
emissions power sources (grid, battery or fuel cell).
To be eligible for funding, replacement engines must be certified to EPA or, if applicable,
CARB emission standards. However, zero tailpipe emissions engine replacements do not
require EPA or CARB certification. EPA's annual certification data for vehicles, engines,
and equipment may be found at: www.epa.gov/compliance-and-fuel-economy-data/annual-
certification-data-vehicles-engines-and-equipment. EPA's engine emission standards may be
found at: www.epa.gov/emission-standards-reference-guide/all-epa-emission-standards.
Engines certified by CARB may be found by searching CARB's Executive Orders for
Heavy-duty Engines and Vehicles, found at: www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/onroad/cert/cert.php.
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Please see the Low-NOx Engine Factsheet found at www.epa.gov/dera/state for guidance on
identifying engines certified to meet CARB's Optional Low NOx Standards.
3.	Certified Remanufacture Systems: Generally, a certified remanufacture system is applied
during an engine rebuild and involves the removal of parts on an engine and replacement
with parts that cause the engine to represent an engine configuration which is cleaner than
the original engine. Some locomotives and marine engines can be upgraded through the
application of a certified remanufacture system (i.e. kit). Engine remanufacture systems may
not be available for all engines, and not all remanufacture systems may achieve an emissions
benefit. Applications for certified remanufacture systems should include a discussion of the
availability of engine remanufacture systems and indicate the pre- and post-project emission
standard levels of the engines to demonstrate that the upgrade will result in a PM and/or NOx
emissions benefit. If a certified remanufacture system is applied at the time of rebuild, funds
under this award cannot be used for the entire cost of the engine rebuild, but only for the cost
of the certified remanufacture system and associated labor costs for installation of the kit.
To be eligible for funding, remanufacture systems for locomotives and marine engines must
be certified by EPA at the time of acquisition. List of certified remanufacture systems are
available at: www.epa.gov/compliance-and-fuel-economy-data/engine-certification-data. and
additional information on remanufacture systems is available at: www.epa.gov/vehicle-and-
engine-certification/remanufacture-systems-categorv-l-and-2-marine-diesel-engines.
4.	Verified Idle Reduction Technologies: An idle reduction project is generally defined as the
installation of a technology or device that reduces unnecessary idling of diesel engines and/or
is designed to provide services (such as heat, air conditioning, and/or electricity) to vehicles
and equipment that would otherwise require the operation of the main drive or auxiliary
engine (s) while the vehicle is temporarily parked or remains stationary.
The eligible idle reduction technologies by associated vehicle type are below. To be eligible
for funding under (a) through (d) below, these technologies must be on EPA's SmartWay
Verified Technologies list (www.epa.gov/verified-diesel-tech/smartwav-technology) at the
time of acquisition.
a.	Long haul Class 8 trucks equipped with sleeper cabs:
1)	Auxiliary power units and generator sets
2)	Battery air conditioning systems
3)	Thermal storage systems
4)	Fuel operated heaters (direct fired heaters)
5)	Electrified parking spaces (truck stop electrification)
b.	School buses: Fuel operated heaters (direct fired heaters)
c.	Transport refrigeration units: Electrified parking spaces
Please see the TRU Factsheet found at www.epa.gov/dera/state for information on TRUs
and eligible TRU projects.
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d.	Locomotives:
1)	Automatic engine shut-down/start-up systems
2)	Auxiliary power units and generator sets
3)	Fuel operated heaters (direct fired heaters)
4)	Shore power connection systems
No funds awarded under this grant shall be used for locomotive shore connection system
projects that are expected to be used less than 1,000 hours/year.
e.	Marine vessels: Shore power connection systems
Funding may support new installations, or expansions of existing shore power systems.
More information on marine shore power connection systems may be found at
www.epa.gov/verified-diesel-tech/learn-about-marine-technology. To be eligible for
funding, marine shore power projects must meet the following criteria:
1)	Applicants must attest to compliance with international shore power design standards
(ISO/IEC/IEEE 80005-1:2012 High Voltage Shore Connection Systems or the
I EC/PAS 80005-3:2014 Low Voltage Shore Connection Systems).
2)	Shore power connection systems must be supplied with electricity from the local
utility grid.
3)	Demonstration that the proposed system has the capacity, demand, and commitment
to be used for more than 1,000 megawatt-hours per year. Smaller projects will be
considered if the applicant can demonstrate cost effectiveness.
4)	Due to the unique nature and custom design of marine shore power connection
systems, EPA will review and approve marine shore power connection systems on a
case-by-case basis. If the project application is selected for funding, the final design
of the marine shore power connection system will require specific EPA approval
prior to purchase and installation.
5)	Applicants must commit to reporting usage information to EPA for five years after
the system is operational.
6)	Shore power capable vessels docked at a berth where shore power is available must
be required to turn off the vessel's engines and use the shore power system, with
limited exceptions for extreme circumstances.
7)	Applicants proposing marine shore power connection systems will need to include
the following information:
a)	the annual number of ship visits to berth where the shore power system is to be
installed;
b)	average hoteling (or idling) time per visit; and
c)	information about the fleet of vessels that has, or will have, the ability to use the
shore-side connection system, including:
•	the estimated annual number of ship visits to the shore power enabled berth
that will use the shore power system;
•	estimated annual hoteling hours using shore power system;
•	fuel type and average sulfur content of fuel used in the auxiliary engines for
each vessel;
•	auxiliary engine and boiler information for each vessel;
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• estimated annual hoteling load requirements (megawatt-hours);
d)	any documented commitment of visits and hours by the fleet of vessels that has,
or will have, the ability to use the shore-side connection system; and
e)	estimated emissions reductions. Applicants can use the calculator tool found here:
calculator tool can be found here: www.epa.gov/ports-initiative/shore-power-
technology-assessment-us-ports
5.	Verified Retrofit Technologies: Diesel engine retrofits are one of the most cost-effective
solutions for reducing diesel engine emissions. Retrofits include engine exhaust after-
treatment technologies, such as diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs), diesel particulate filters
(DPFs), closed crankcase filtration systems (CCVs), and selective catalytic reduction
systems (SCRs). Manufacturer engine upgrades which achieve specific levels of emision
reductions by applying a package of components have been verified as retrofits for some
nonroad and marine engines. Several systems which convert a conventional diesel engine
configuration to a hybrid-electric system have been verified as retrofits for some nonroad and
marine engines. Some cleaner fuels and additives have been verified as retrofits by EPA
and/or CARB to achieve emissions reductions when applied to an existing diesel engine.
Older, heavy-duty diesel vehicles that will not be retired for several years are good
candidates for verified retrofit technologies. EPA suggests that fleets proposing to install
verified retrofit technologies consult with suppliers to confirm that the proposed
vehicles/engines and their duty-cycles are good candidates for the technology.
To be eligible for funding, verified retrofit technologies must be on EPA's
(www.epa.gov/verified-diesel-tech/verified-technologies-list-clean-diesel) or CARB's
(https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/verification-procedure-currently-verified) Verified Technologies
lists at the time of acquisition, must be used only for the vehicle/engine application specified
on the lists, and must meet any applicable verification criteria. EPA will not fund stand-alone
cleaner fuel/additive use. To be eligible for funding, verified fuels and additives must be for
new or expanded use, and must be used in combination, and on the same vehicle, with a new
eligible verified engine retrofit or an eligible engine upgrade or an eligible certified engine,
vehicle, or equipment replacement funded under this grant.
6.	Clean Alternative Fuel Conversions: Existing highway diesel engines can be altered to
operate on alternative fuels such as propane and natural gas by applying an alternative fuel
conversion kit.
To be eligible for funding, alternative fuel conversion systems must be certified by EPA
and/or CARB or must be approved by EPA for Intermediate-Age engines. EPA's lists of
"Certified Conversion Systems for New Vehicles and Engines" and "Conversion Systems for
Intermediate-Age Vehicles and Engines" are available at www.epa.gov/vehicle-and-engine-
certification/lists-epa-compliant-alternative-fuel-conversion-systems; CARB's list of
"Approved Alternate Fuel Retrofit Systems" are available at:
www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/aftermkt/altfuel/altfuel.htm.
To be eligible for funding, conversion systems for engine model years 2006 and earlier must
achieve at least a 30% NOx reduction and a 10% PM reduction from the applicable certified
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
February 2021
emission standards of the original engine. To be eligible for funding, conversion systems for
engine model years 2007 and newer must achieve at least a 20% NOx reduction with no
increase in PM from the applicable certified emission standards of the original engine.
Applications for clean alternative fuel conversions should include a discussion of the
availability of conversion systems and indicate the pre- and post-project emission standard
levels of the engines to demonstrate that the conversions result in the required emissions
benefit.
7. Verified Aerodynamic Technologies and Verified Low Rolling Resistance Tires: To
improve fuel efficiency, long haul Class 8 trucks can be equipped with aerodynamic trailer
fairings and/or low rolling resistance tires.
To be eligible for funding, technologies must be on EPA's verified aerodynamic
technologies list (www.epa.gov/verified-diesel-tech/smartwav-verified-list-aerodynamic-
devices) and verified list for low rolling resistance new and retread tire technologies list
(www.epa.gov/verified-diesel-tech/smartway-verified-listTow-rolling-resistance-lrr-new-
and-retread-tire) at the time of acquisition, must be used only for the application specified on
the lists, and must meet any applicable verification criteria. EPA will not fund stand-alone
aerodynamic technologies or low rolling resistance tires. To be eligible for funding, these
technologies must be combined on the same vehicle with the new installation of an exhaust
after-treatment retrofit funded under this grant.
D. Project Eligibility Criteria: Existing engines and new vehicles, engines, and technologies must
meet the eligibility criteria defined below to be eligible for funding.
Table 3: Medium and Heavy-Duty Truck, Transit Bus, and School Bus Project Eligibility
Current
Engine
Model Year
(EMY)
DOC
+/-
ccv
DPI'
SCR
Verified
Idle
Reduction.
Tires, or
Aero-
dynamics
Vehicle or
Engine
Replacement:
EMY 2019+
(2015+ lor
Drayage)
Vehicle or
Engine
Replacement:
EMY 201!)+.
Zero
Emission-, or
I.O\V-N()x3
Clean
Alternative
I'uel
Conversion
older 2000
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
2007 - 2009
No
No
Yes
Yes1
Yes
Yes
Yes
2010 - newer
No
No
No
Yes1
No
Yes
Yes
Auxiliary power units and generators are not eligible on vehicles with EMY 2007 or newer.
2Eligible fuel cell projects are limited to hydrogen fuel cell engine replacements for eligible urban
transit buses, shuttle buses and drayage trucks, and hydrogen fuel cell engine replacements for
eligible urban transit buses, shuttle buses, and drayage trucks.
3Please see the Low-NOx Engine Factsheet found at www.epa.gov/dera/state for guidance on
identifying engines certified to meet CARB's Optional Low NOx Standards.
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
Table 4. Nonroad Engine Project Eligibility
February 2021
Current Engine
Tier
Vehicle/Equipment Replacement: EMY 201!)+
Verified
Retrofit
Compression Ignition
Spark
Ignition
Zero
Emission'*
Tier 0-2
Tier 3-li
Tier 1
Tier 2
Unregulated - Tier 2
No
Yes1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Tier 3
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Tier 4
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
Cnnenl Engine
Tier
Engine Replacement
Verified
Engine
Upgrade
Compression Ignition
Spark
Ignition
Zero
Emission1
Tier 0-2
Tier 3-li
Tier 1
Tier 2
Unregulated - Tier 2
No
Yes2
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Tier 3
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Tier 4
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
*Tier 3 and Tier 4 interim (4i) allowed for vehicle/equipment replacement only when Tier 4 final is
not yet available from OEM for 2021 model year equipment under the Transition Program for
Equipment Manufacturers (TPEM).
2Tier 3 and Tier 4i engines may be used for engine replacement only if Tier 4 is demonstrated to not
be available or feasible through a best achievable technology analysis as defined in Section VIII.D.l
below.
3Eligible fuel cell projects are limited to hydrogen fuel cell equipment replacements for eligible
terminal tractors/yard hostlers, stationary generators, and forklifts.
4Fuel cell engine replacement is not eligible.
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
Table 5: Marine Engine Project Eligibility
February 2021
Engine
Cate-
gory
Engine
Horse-
power
Current
Engine
Tier
Engine & Vessel Replacement
Certified Re-
manuFacturc
System'5
Verified
Engine
Upgrade
Compression
Ignition
Spark
Ignition
(EMY
2019+)
Zero
Emissioir
Tier
1-2
Tier
3
Tier
1
CI, C2
<803
Un-
regulated
- Tier 2
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
CI, C2
>804
Un-
regulated
- Tier 2
No
Yes1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
CI, C2
<803
Tier 3
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
CI, C2
>804
Tier 3
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
CI, C2
>804
Tier 4
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
C3
All
Un-
regulated
- Tier 2
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
C3
All
Tier 3
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
*Tier 3 engines may be used for engine replacement only if Tier 4 is demonstrated to not be
available or feasible through a best achievable technology analysis as defined in Section VIII.D.l
below. Over 800 HP, Tier 3 engines are not eligible for full vessel replacement.
2Fuel cell engine and vessel replacements are not eligible.
3Some marine engine projects may be subject to the restriction on mandated measures.
Table 6: Locomotive Engine Project Eligibility
Current
Locomotive
Tier
Engine & Locomotive
Replacement
Verified
Retrofit
Idle-
Reduclioir
Technology
Certified
Remaiud'actiue
System1
Tier
0 2+
Tier
3
Tier
1
Zero
Emission1
Unregulated
- Tier 2+
No
Yes3
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Tier 3
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Tier 4
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide	February 2021
^uel cell engine and locomotive replacements are not eligible.
2Automatic engine start-stop technologies are only eligible to be installed on locomotives currently
certified to Tier 0 or unregulated, subject to the restriction on mandated measures.
3Tier 3 engines may be used for engine replacement only if Tier 4 is demonstrated to not be
available or feasible through a best achievable technology analysis as defined in Section VIII.D.l
below. Tier 3 is not eligible for locomotive replacement.
4Some locomotive engine projects may be subject to the restriction on mandated measures.
Note: Tier 0+, Tier 1+, Tier 2+, Tier 3, and Tier 4 represent locomotives manufactured or
remanufactured under the more stringent Tier standards promulgated under the 2008 (current)
locomotive and marine rule. Tier 0, Tier 1, and Tier 2 represent locomotives originally manufactured
or remanufactured under the less stringent Tier standards promulgated in 1997.
1. Best Achievable Technology: All new nonroad and locomotive engines are now
manufactured to meet the EPA Tier 4 standards. All new Category 1 and 2, 804 horsepower
and above marine engines are now manufactured to meet the EPA Tier 4 standards.
Applicants must commit to using the best achievable technology for the project. Applicants
replacing these nonroad, marine, and locomotive engines are expected to use Tier 4 engines
if Tier 4 engines with the appropriate physical and performance characteristics are available.
Applicants will be required to submit a best achievable technology analysis to EPA for
approval before Tier 3 or Tier 4i engines can be purchased.
a. Best Achievable Technology Analysis Requirements: Applicants will be required to
submit a best achievable technology analysis to EPA for approval before Tier 3 or Tier 4i
engines can be purchased, as defined below. This analysis is not required at the time of
grant application submittal. Costs for engineering analysis may be included in the project
budget.
1)	The analysis must be prepared by the engine manufacturer or installer.
2)	Using good engineering judgment, the engine manufacturer or installer must
determine that no engine certified to Tier 4 is produced by any manufacturer with the
appropriate physical or performance characteristics to repower the equipment.
3)	If the engine manufacturer or installer determines that no engine certified to Tier 4 is
available with the appropriate performance characteristics, explain why certified Tier
4 engines produced by them and other manufacturers cannot be used as a replacement
because they are not similar to the engine being replaced in terms of power or speed.
4)	If there are available engines with the appropriate performance characteristics but the
engine manufacturer or installer determines that no engine certified to Tier 4 is
available with the appropriate physical characteristics, explain why certified engines
produced by them and other manufacturers cannot be used as a replacement because
their weight or dimensions are substantially different than those of the engine being
replaced, or because they will not fit within the equipment's engine compartment.
5)	In evaluating appropriate physical or performance characteristics, the engine
manufacture or installer may account for compatibility with equipment components
that would not otherwise be replaced when installing a new engine, including but not
limited to transmissions or reduction gears, drive shafts, cooling systems, operator
controls, or electrical systems. If the engine manufacturer or installer makes their
determination on this basis, they must identify the equipment components that are
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide	February 2021
incompatible with engines certified to Tier 4 and explain how they are incompatible
and why it would be unreasonable to replace them.
6)	Identify the proposed Tier 3 or Tier 4i engines to be used and discuss the physical
and performance characteristics of the engines that will ensure compatibility with the
existing equipment. Quantify proposed emission reductions, PM cost effectiveness
and NOx cost effectiveness for the proposed options.
7)	DERA project eligibility or approval does not supersede any regulatory requirements
for equipment owners, operators, manufactures, installers and others, including but
not limited to 40 CFR §1068.240, §1042.615, and §1033.601.
E. Eligible and Ineligible Project Costs: Eligible project costs are those costs directly related to
the implementation, management, and oversight of the project, including recipient and
subrecipient personnel and benefits, equipment, contractual, travel, supplies, subgrants and
rebates, and indirect costs. The following list is not exhaustive. See Section IX for additional
funding restrictions.
1.	Eligible project costs include the purchase price of eligible vehicles, engines and equipment
as defined above in Section VIII. These costs are subject to the mandatory cost share
requirements defined in Section X.
2.	Training: Eligible project costs can include mechanic/driver training related to the
maintenance and operation of new technologies.
3.	Battery Electric Powered Vehicles and Equipment: Eligible costs for battery electric
powered vehicle, equipment and engine replacement projects can include the purchase and
installation of one charging unit per vehicle, including the unit and charging cable, mount
and/or pedestal. These costs are subject to the mandatory cost share requirements defined in
Section X. Ineligible costs include power distribution to the pedestal, electrical panels and
their installation, upgrades to existing electrical panels or electrical service, transformers and
their installation, wiring/conduit and its installation, electricity, operation and maintenance,
stationary energy storage systems that power the equipment (e.g. batteries) and their
installation, and on-site power generation systems that power the equipment (e.g., solar and
wind power generation equipment) and their installation.
4.	Drayage Trucks: Eligible costs for drayage truck replacement projects include the
required/scheduled vehicle maintenance, as specified in the owner's manual, which is
necessary to meet the warranty requirements for diesel particulate filters installed on drayage
trucks. Funding for required maintenance is available for the duration of the project period.
5.	Grid Electric Powered Equipment: Eligible costs for grid electric powered engine and
equipment replacement projects can include the purchase and installation of certain
equipment required for power delivery directly related to the new equipment. Eligible costs
include design and engineering, electrical panels, upgrades to existing electrical panels or
electrical service, transformers, wiring/conduit, and installation. These costs are subject to
the mandatory cost share requirements defined in Section X. Ineligible costs include power
distribution to the property line, electricity, operation and maintenance, stationary energy
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide	February 2021
storage systems that power the equipment (e.g. batteries) and their installation, and on-site
power generation systems that power the equipment (e.g., solar and wind power generation
equipment) and their installation.
6.	Engine Replacement: Eligible costs for engine replacement projects can include equipment
and parts included in the certified engine configuration and/or are required to ensure the
effective installation and functioning of the new technology. Eligible costs include design
and engineering, parts and materials, and installation. For engine replacement with battery,
fuel cell, and grid electric, eligible costs include electric motors, electric inverters, battery
assembly, direct drive transmission/gearbox, regenerative braking system, vehicle
control/central processing unit, vehicle instrument cluster, hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen
management system and fuel cell stack assemblies. These costs are subject to the mandatory
cost share requirements defined in Section X. Ineligible costs include cabs, tires, wheels,
axles, paint, brakes, and mufflers.
7.	Certified Remanufacture Systems: Eligible costs for engine remanufacture system projects
can include the associated labor costs for installation of the system. These costs are subject to
the mandatory cost share requirements defined in Section X. Ineligible costs include the
entire cost of an engine rebuild if a certified remanufacture system is applied at the time of
rebuild.
8.	Verified Idle Reduction Technologies: Eligible costs for idle reduction technologies that
are installed on the vehicle can include the associated labor costs for installation of the
system. These costs are subject to the mandatory cost share requirements defined in Section
X.
9.	Electrified Parking Spaces: Eligible costs for electrified parking space projects can include
the purchase and installation of certain equipment required for power delivery directly
related to the new equipment. Eligible costs include design and engineering, electrical
panels, upgrades to existing electrical panels or electrical service, transformers,
wiring/conduit, and installation. These costs are subject to the mandatory cost share
requirements defined in Section X. Ineligible costs include power distribution to the
property line, electricity, operation and maintenance, stationary energy storage systems that
power the equipment (e.g. batteries) and their installation, and on-site power generation
systems that power the equipment (e.g., solar and wind power generation equipment) and
their installation.
10.	Locomotive Shore Power: Eligible costs for locomotive shore power connection projects
can include the purchase and installation of certain equipment required for power delivery
directly related to the new equipment. Eligible costs include design and engineering,
electrical panels, upgrades to existing electrical panels or electrical service, transformers,
wiring/conduit, and installation. These costs are subject to the mandatory cost share
requirements defined in Section X. Ineligible costs include power distribution to the
property line, electricity, operation and maintenance, stationary energy storage systems that
power the equipment (e.g. batteries) and their installation, and on-site power generation
systems that power the equipment (e.g., solar and wind power generation equipment) and
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
February 2021
their installation.
11.	Marine Shore Power: Eligible costs for marine shore power connection projects can include
the purchase and installation of the shore side equipment and certain equipment required for
power delivery directly related to the new equipment. Eligible costs include design and
engineering, cables, cable management systems, shore power coupler systems, distribution
control systems, grounding switches, service breakers, capacitor banks, electrical panels,
upgrades to existing electrical panels or electrical service, transformers, wiring/conduit, and
installation. These costs are subject to the mandatory cost share requirements defined in
Section X. Ineligible costs include shipside modifications to accept shore-based electrical
power, power distribution to the property line, electricity, operation and maintenance,
stationary energy storage systems that power the equipment (e.g. batteries) and their
installation, and on-site power generation systems that power the equipment (e.g., solar and
wind power generation equipment) and their installation.
12.	Verified Retrofit Technologies: Eligible costs for retrofit technologies that are installed on
the vehicle can include the associated labor costs for installation of the system. These costs
are subject to the mandatory cost share requirements defined in Section X. Eligible costs
include design and engineering, DPF cleaning machines, spare DPFs for maintenance
rotation, replacement CCV filters, and filter cleaning contracts during grant open period.
13.	Clean Alternative Fuel Conversions: Eligible costs for alternative fuel conversions can
include the associated labor costs for installation of the system. These costs are subject to the
mandatory cost share requirements defined in Section X.
14.	Verified Aerodynamic Technologies and Verified Low Rolling Resistance Tires: Eligible
costs for aerodynamics and low rolling resistance tires can include the associated labor costs
for installation. Eligible costs can include single-wide wheels only when a fleet is retrofitting
from standard dual tires to SmartWay-verified single-wide low rolling resistance tires. These
costs are subject to the mandatory cost share requirements defined in Section X. Ineligible
costs include aluminum wheels.
Please note that although DERA grant funds and matching funds cannot be used for stationary
energy storage systems that power the equipment (e.g. batteries) and their installation, and
DERA grant funds and matching funds cannot be used for on-site power generation systems that
power the equipment (e.g., solar and wind power generation equipment) and their installation,
states and their partners may add these components at their own expense outside the scope of the
grant.
F. Ownership, Usage and Remaining Life Requirements
1.	The existing vehicle, engine, or equipment must be fully operational. Operational equipment
must be able to start, move, and have all necessary parts to be operational.
2.	The participating fleet owner must currently own and operate the existing vehicle or
equipment and have owned and operated the vehicle during the two years prior to upgrade.
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
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3.	The existing vehicle, engine, or equipment must have at least three years of remaining life at
the time of upgrade. Remaining life is the fleet owner's estimate of the number of years until
the unit would have been retired from service if the unit were not being upgraded or scrapped
because of the grant funding. The remaining life estimate is the number of years of operation
remaining even if the unit were to be rebuilt or sold to another fleet. The remaining life
estimate depends on the current age and condition of the vehicle at the time of upgrade, as
well as things like usage, maintenance, and climate.
4.	Highway Usage: The mileage of multiple units may be combined to reach the thresholds
below where those units will be scrapped and replaced with a single unit.
a.	School Buses: To be eligible for funding, the existing vehicle must have accumulated at
least 7,000 miles/year during the two years prior to upgrade, or during calendar year
(Jan-Dec) 2019.
b.	All Other Highway Engines: To be eligible for funding, the existing vehicle must have
accumulated at least 7,000 miles/year during the two years prior to upgrade.
5.	Nonroad, Locomotive and Marine Usage: The engine operating hours of multiple units
may be combined to reach the thresholds below where those units will be scrapped and
replaced with a single unit.
a.	Agricultural Pumps: To be eligible for funding, agricultural pumps must operate at least
250 hours/year during the two years prior to upgrade.
b.	All Other Nonroad Engines: To be eligible for funding, nonroad engines must operate
at least 500 hours/year during the two years prior to upgrade.
c.	Locomotive and Marine Usage: To be eligible for funding the existing locomotive and
marine engines must operate at least 1,000 hours/year during the two years prior to
upgrade.
6.	Documentation Requirements: Participating fleet owners must attest to each criterion in 1-5
above in a signed eligibly statement which includes each vehicle make, model, year, vehicle
identification number, odometer/usage meter reading, engine make, model, year,
horsepower, engine ID or serial number, and vehicle/equipment registration/licensing
number and state. This documentation is not required at the time of application submittal to
EPA but is required as part of programmatic reporting to verify the eligible use of grant
funds. A sample eligibility statement may be found at www.epa.gov/dera/state.
G. DERA Programmatic Priorities: The principal objective of the assistance to be awarded under
this program is to achieve significant reductions in diesel emissions in terms of tons of pollution
produced and reductions in diesel emissions exposure from vehicles, engines and equipment
operating in areas designated as poor air quality areas. The state's workplan must discuss how
the state will ensure that projects selected for funding support the programmatic priorities listed
below. Please note that these are funding priorities, and are not eligibility factors.
The term "project location" refers to the primary area where the affected vehicles/engines
operate, or the primary area where the emissions benefits of the project will be realized. A list of
priority counties and areas can be found at: www.epa.sov/dera/state. These counties and areas
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
February 2021
were identified as priority locations for the DERA program because they are:
1)	Designated, as of the release date of this program guide, as Nonattainment Areas or
Maintenance Areas for the following National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Data is
sourced from EPA's Green Book of Nonattainment Areas for Criteria Pollutants.
(https://www.epa.gov/green-book).
a)	PM2.5 1997 Standard (Annual: 15 pg/m3, 24-hour: 65 pg/m3)
b)	PM2.5 2006 Standard (Annual: 15 pg/m3, 24-hour: 35 pg/m3)
c)	PM2.5 2012 Standard (Annual: 12 pg/m3, 24-hour: 35 pg/m3)
d)	Ozone (O3) 2008 Standard (8-hour: 0.075ppm)
e)	Ozone (O3) 2015 Standard (8-hour: 0.070ppm)
2)	Counties that contain at least one census tract where the modeled ambient diesel PM
concentration from the 2014 National Air Toxics Assessment
(https://www.epa.gov/national-air-toxics-assessment) is above the 80th percentile
(0.68 pg/m3) for census tracts nationwide. The 80th percentile is a programmatic cutoff
designed to help us evaluate those areas that are most likely to have higher
concentrations of diesel PM in the year of analysis (i.e., the year for which NATA data
are available); this level was not chosen based on risk or other health-based criteria or
thresholds. NATA is a screening tool and there are limitations and uncertainties
associated with it; see: https://www.epa.gov/national-air-toxics-assessment/nata-
limitations.
In addition, priority should be given to projects based on whether the
vehicles/engines/equipment targeted for diesel emissions reductions are located at, or service,
goods movement facilities such as:
1)	ports and airports (e.g. places alongside navigable water with facilities for the loading
and unloading of passengers and/or cargo from ships, ferries, and other vessels; places
from which aircraft operate that have paved runways and terminals which include cargo,
baggage and/or passenger-movement operations; places where foreign goods are
inspected by customs officers and allowed to pass into and out of a country)
2)	rail yards (e.g. places at which trains originate or terminate, or at which they are
distributed or combined)
3)	terminals (e.g. freight and passenger stations at the end of carrier lines, or that serve as
junctions at any point with other lines, that have facilities for the handling of freight
and/or passengers)
4)	distribution centers (e.g. facilities that perform consolidation, warehousing, packaging,
decomposition and other functions linked with handling freight, often in proximity to
major transport routes or terminals, and which generate large amounts of truck traffic)
H. EPA Strategic Plan Linkage, Anticipated Outputs/Outcomes and Performance Measures
Pursuant to Section 6a of EPA Order 5700.7, "Environmental Results under EPA Assistance
Agreements," EPA must link proposed assistance agreements with the Agency's Strategic Plan.
EPA also requires that grant applicants and recipients adequately describe environmental outputs
and outcomes to be achieved under assistance agreements (see EPA Order 5700.7,
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
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Environmental Results under Assistance Agreements, www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-
03/documents/epa order 5700 7al.pdf).
1.	Linkage to EPA Strategic Plan: The activities to be funded under this announcement
support EPA's FY 2018-22 Strategic Plan. Awards made under this announcement will
support Goal 1, "A Cleaner, Healthier Environment" Objective 1.1, "Improve Air Quality."
Under this objective, EPA will "Deliver a cleaner, safer, and healthier environment for all
Americans and future generations by carrying out the Agency's core mission." Applicants
must explain in their application how their project will further this objective.
Please read EPA's FY 2018-2022 Strategic Plan (www.epa.gov/planandbudget/strategicplan)
for more information.
EPA also requires that grant applicants adequately describe environmental outputs and
outcomes to be achieved under assistance agreements (see EPA Order 5700.7A1,
Environmental Results under Assistance Agreements,
(www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-03/documents/epa order 5700 7al.pdf).
Applicants must include specific statements describing the environmental results of the
proposed project in terms of well-defined outputs and, to the maximum extent practicable,
well-defined outcomes that will demonstrate how the project will contribute to the priorities
described above. Specifically, the proposed activities must reduce emissions from diesel
fleets, thereby reducing local and regional air pollution of criteria pollutants and air toxics.
2.	Outputs: The term "output" means an environmental activity, effort and/or associated work
product related to an environmental goal and objective that will be produced or provided
over a period of time or by a specified date. Outputs may be quantitative or qualitative but
must be measurable during an assistance agreement funding period.
Expected outputs from the projects to be funded under this announcement include, but are
not limited to:
•	number of replaced or retrofitted engines/vehicles/equipment; and/or
•	hours of idling reduced.
Other potential outputs may include, but are not limited to:
•	engaging affected communities with respect to the design and performance of the
project;
•	the project's inclusion in a broader-based environmental or air quality plan;
•	the implementation of contract specifications requiring the use of cleaner vehicles
and equipment;
•	a documented commitment to continue to identify and address air quality issues in the
affected community;
•	a publicly available community engagement plan for meaningful engagement of the
affected communities regarding either the environmental and/or other issues that the
project is intended to address;
•	adoption of an idle reduction policy;
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
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•	providing support to diesel emission reduction coalitions by sharing information,
working with interested fleets, and addressing specific geographic needs;
•	number of subawards; and/or
•	dissemination of project/technology information via list serves, websites, journals and
outreach events.
Progress reports and a final report will also be required outputs, as specified in Section
XII.G.
3. Outcomes: The term "outcome" means the result, effect or consequence that will occur from
carrying out an environmental program or activity that is related to an environmental or
programmatic goal or objective. Outcomes may be qualitative and environmental,
behavioral, health-related or programmatic in nature, but must also be quantitative. They
may not necessarily be achievable within an assistance agreement funding period.
Expected outcomes from the projects to be funded under this announcement include, but are
not limited to:
•	tons of pollution reduced over the lifetime of the vehicles/engines/equipment,
specifically:
o fine particulate matter (PM2.5),
o nitrogen oxides (NOx),
o carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2), and/or
o volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
•	tons of pollution reduced annually;
•	lifetime total project cost effectiveness for NOx and PM2.5;
•	lifetime capital cost effectiveness for NOx and PM2.5;
•	net reduction in gallons of diesel fuel used;
•	benefits to the communities affected by the project, including improvements to
human health and the environment, the local economy, social conditions, and the
welfare of residents in such communities.
Other potential outcomes may include, but are not limited to:
•	community engagement and partnership;
•	improved ambient air quality;
•	health benefits achieved;
•	changes in driver behavior regarding idling practices;
•	an increased understanding of the environmental or economic effectiveness of the
implemented technology;
•	increased public awareness of project and results;
•	widespread adoption of the implemented technology;
•	demonstration and deployment of zero and near-zero emission vehicles and engines:
and/or
•	emissions reductions along freight transportation corridors.
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4. Performance Measures. States should also develop performance measures they expect to
achieve through the proposed activities and describe them in their application. These
performance measures will help gather insights and will be the mechanism to track progress
concerning successful processes and output and outcome strategies and will provide the basis
for developing lessons to inform future recipients. It is expected that the description of
performance measures will directly relate to the projects outcomes and outputs, including but
not limited to:
•	oversight of project partners, subrecipients, and/or contractors and vendors;
•	tracking and reporting project progress on expenditures, purchases, and other fiscal
activities;
•	tracking and reporting actual accomplishments versus proposed outputs/outcomes
and proposed timelines/milestones;
•	tracking and reporting project progress on installations/replacements by maintaining
an accurate Project Fleet Description; and
•	measuring and reporting on outcomes by maintaining an accurate Project Fleet
Description and using EPA's Diesel Emissions Quantifier. Efforts should be made to
track, measure and report the actual vehicle miles traveled, hours of use/operation,
and fuel use for all vehicles and equipment involved in the project.
The following are questions to consider when developing output and outcome measures of
quantitative and qualitative results:
•	What are the measurable short term and longer term results the project will achieve?
•	How does the plan measure progress in achieving the expected results (including
outputs and outcomes) and how will the approach use resources effectively and
efficiently?
IX. FUNDING RESTRICTIONS
A.	Ineligible Activities and Costs: Funds awarded under this grant shall be used only for eligible
vehicles, equipment, engines, technologies, and activities defined in Section VIII of this program
guide. No funds awarded under this grant shall be used for ineligible vehicles, equipment,
engines, technologies and activities defined in Section VIII.
B.	Federal Matching Funds: No funds awarded under the Program shall be used for matching
funds for other federal grants unless expressly authorized by statute. Likewise, recipient may not
use federal funds as matching or cost-share funds for the DERA State Grant, including funds
received under the DERA National Grants, DERA School Bus Rebates, or federal Supplemental
Environmental Project (SEP) funds.
C.	Administrative Costs Expense Cap: No more than 15 percent of the state's total project costs
may be used to cover administrative type costs (e.g. personnel, benefits, travel, and office
supplies). Total project costs include the federal share as well as any cost-share provided by the
state. However, Regions have the discretion to allow state matching funds to exceed the 15% cap
if the state provides justification for unique circumstances. The state's indirect costs are not
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considered as administrative type costs and do not count towards the 15 percent maximum.
D.	Expenses Incurred Prior to the Project Period: Except for eligible pre-award costs as defined
in 2 CFR 200.458 and as authorized by 2 CFR 200.309 and 2 CFR 1500.8, no funds awarded
under this grant shall be used to cover expenses incurred prior to the project period set forth in
any assistance agreement funded under this grant. Additionally, except for eligible pre-award
costs as defined above, expenses incurred prior to the project period set forth in any assistance
agreement funded under this grant are not eligible as a cost share.
E.	Emissions Testing: No funds awarded under this grant shall be used for emissions testing and/or
air monitoring activities (including the acquisition cost of emissions testing equipment), or
research and development.
F.	Fueling Infrastructure: No funds awarded under this grant shall be used for fueling
infrastructure, such as that used for the production and/or distribution of biodiesel, compressed
natural gas, liquefied natural gas, and or other fuels.
G.	Mandated Measures: Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 16132(d)(2), no funds awarded under this grant
shall be used to fund the costs of emissions reductions that are mandated under federal law. See
Section XIV for more information on mandated measures.
H. Leasing: No funds awarded under this grant shall be used for leasing vehicles, engines or
equipment. If financing is necessary, the purchase must be financed with a conventional
purchase loan.
I. Fleet Expansion: Funding under this program cannot be used for the purchase of vehicles,
engines, or equipment to expand a fleet. Engine, vehicle, and equipment replacement projects are
eligible for funding on the condition that the following criteria are satisfied:
1.	The replacement vehicle, engine, or equipment will continue to perform similar function and
operation as the vehicle, engine, or equipment that is being replaced.
2.	The cost of optional components or "add-ons" that significantly increase the cost of the
vehicle may not be eligible for funding under the grant; the replacement vehicle should
resemble the replaced vehicle in form and function.
3.	The replacement vehicle, engine, or equipment will be of similar type and gross vehicle
weight rating or horsepower as the vehicle, engine, or equipment being replaced.
a.	Nonroad: Horsepower increases of more than 40 percent will require specific approval by
EPA prior to purchase, and the fleet may be required to pay the additional costs
associated with the higher horsepower equipment.
b.	Highway: The replacement vehicle must not be in a larger weight class than the existing
vehicle (Class 5, 6, 7, or 8). Exceptions may be granted for vocational purposes and will
require specific EPA approval prior to purchase.
4.	The vehicle, equipment, and/or engine being replaced must be scrapped or rendered
permanently disabled within ninety (90) days of being replaced.
a. If a 2010 engine model year (EMY) or newer highway vehicle is replaced, the 2010
EMY or newer vehicle may be retained or sold if the 2010 EMY or newer vehicle will
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replace a pre-2009 EMY vehicle, and the pre-2009 EMY vehicle will be scrapped. It is
preferred that the scrapped unit currently operates within the same project location(s) as
the 2010 EMY or newer vehicle currently operates, however alternative scenarios will be
considered. All existing and replacement vehicles are subject to the funding restrictions
in this section of the program guide. All equipment must operate within the United
States. Under this scenario, a detailed scrappage plan must be submitted and will require
prior EPA approval.
b.	If a Tier 2, Tier 3 or Tier 4 locomotive, marine, or nonroad vehicle, equipment and/or
engine is replaced, the units may be retained or sold if they will replace a similar, lower
Tiered unit, and the lower Tiered unit will be scrapped. It is preferred that the scrapped
unit currently operates within the same project location(s) as the original Tier 2, 3 or 4
unit currently operates, however alternative scenarios will be considered. All existing and
replacement equipment are subject to the funding restrictions in this section of the
program guide. All equipment must operate within the United States. Under this scenario,
a detailed scrappage plan must be submitted and will require prior EPA approval.
c.	Cutting a three-inch by three-inch hole in the engine block (the part of the engine
containing the cylinders) is the preferred scrapping method. Other acceptable scrappage
methods may be considered and will require prior EPA approval.
d.	Disabling the chassis may be completed by cutting through the frame/frame rails on each
side at a point located between the front and rear axles. Other acceptable scrappage
methods may be considered and will require prior written approval from the EPA project
officer.
e.	Evidence of appropriate disposal is required in a final assistance agreement report
submitted to EPA. Participating fleet owners must attest to the appropriate disposal in a
signed scrappage statement. A sample scrappage statement may be found at
www.epa.gov/dera/state. The scrappage statement must include:
1)	Vehicle owner's name and address;
2)	Vehicle make, vehicle model, vehicle model year, VIN, odometer reading or usage
meter reading, engine make, engine model, engine model year, engine horsepower,
engine ID or serial number, as applicable;
3)	Name, address, and signature of dismantler;
4)	Date engine and/or vehicle/equipment was scrapped;
5)	Statement attesting to scrappage of vehicle/engine as defined above;
6)	Signature of participating fleet owner.
7)	Digital photos as follows:
a)	Side profile of the vehicle, prior to disabling;
b)	VIN tag or equipment serial number;
c)	Engine label (showing serial number, engine family number, and engine model
year);
d)	Engine block, prior to hole;
e)	Engine block, after hole;
f)	Cut frame rails or other cut structural components, as applicable;
g)	Others, as needed.
f.	Equipment and vehicle components that are not part of the engine or chassis may be
salvaged from the unit being replaced (e.g. plow blades, shovels, seats, tires, etc.). If
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
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disabled engines, disabled vehicles, disabled equipment, or parts are to be sold, program
income requirements apply,
g. For tire replacement projects, the original tires should be scrapped according to local or
state requirements, or the tires can be salvaged for reuse or retreading. If salvaged tires
are sold, program income requirements apply.
J. Replacement Technologies: No funds awarded under this program shall be used for the
purchase of engine retrofits, idle reduction technologies, low rolling resistance tires or advanced
aerodynamic technologies if similar technologies have previously been installed on the truck or
trailer.
X. COST-SHARE REQUIREMENTS
A. Mandatory Cost-Share: Projects involving engine upgrades, certain idle reduction
technologies, shore connection systems, electrified parking space technologies, certified engine
replacements, or certified vehicle/equipment replacements, as defined in Section VIII, are
subject to the DERA Funding Limits and mandatory cost-share requirements shown below in
Table 7.
The "DERA Funding Limits" (percentages) shown below represent the maximum portion of the
equipment costs (parts and labor including sales tax) that can be covered with a combination of
EPA DERA funds and any non-federal voluntary matching funds provided by the state. The
portion of the costs that exceed the DERA Funding Limit is referred to as the "mandatory cost-
share." Meeting the mandatory cost-share is ultimately the responsibility of the grantee, however
the mandatory cost-share is typically provided by project partners (e.g., fleet owners). As
discussed in Section V.C. states may contribute voluntary matching funds to the project to
qualify for the matching incentive. In addition to a voluntary match provided by a state to
receive the EPA matching incentive, a state may contribute a larger voluntary match to achieve
additional diesel emission reductions under their DERA State Grant. Mandatory cost-share funds
provided by the state and/or third parties cannot count towards the state's voluntary matching
funds to qualify for the matching incentive.
Please note, EPA DERA funds may not be used to meet mandatory cost-sharing requirements for
projects funded with environmental mitigation funds. Further, environmental mitigation funds
(e.g., VW Environmental Mitigation Trust Funds via the DERA Option) may not be used to
meet mandatory cost-share requirements of any DERA grant. Tribal VW Environmental
Mitigation Trust Funds cannot be used on the same projects funded with DERA State Grants.
Cost sharing and matching requirements under $200,000 for Insular Area applicants (the
U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
Islands) are waived as a matter of law as authorized by the Omnibus Territories Act, 48 U.S.C.
Section 1469a. Insular Area applicants with applications that will require a cost share of
$200,000 or more are advised to contact their EPA regional office to determine if cost share
requirements will be waived in whole or in part.
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide	February 2021
Table 7. DERA Funding Limits and Mandatory Cost-Share Requirements

l)KR/\ Funding
Limits
(MW hinds +
\OIiiiiUii\ \1alcli
including \ AY
Minimum
Eligible Technologies
Mandatory
Cos(-Share
(lll'l'l ( hUK'l
(Onii iliuiion)

1 nisi)
Dray age Truck Replacement
50%
50%
Vehicle or Equipment Replacement with EPA Certified
Engine
25%
75%
Vehicle or Equipment Replacement with CARB Certified
Low NOx Engine
35%
65%
Vehicle or Equipment Replacement with Zero-tailpipe
Emission Power Source
45%
55%
Engine Replacement with EPA Certified Engine
40%
60%
Engine Replacement with CARB Certified Low NOx Engine
50%
50%
Engine Replacement with Zero-tailpipe Emission Power
60%
40%
Source
EPA Certified Remanufacture Systems
100%
0%
EPA Verified Highway Idle Reduction Technologies when
combined with new or previously installed exhaust after-
100%
0%
treatment retrofit


EPA Verified Highway Idle Reduction Technologies without
new exhaust after-treatment retrofit
25%
75%
EPA Verified Locomotive Idle Reduction Technologies
40%
60%
EPA Verified Marine Shore Connection Systems
25%
75%
EPA Verified Electrified Parking Space Technologies
30%
70%
EPA Verified Exhaust After-treatment Retrofits
100%
0%
EPA Verified Engine Upgrade Retrofits
100%
0%
EPA Verified Hybrid Retrofit Systems
60%
40%

Cost differential
Cost of
conventional
diesel fuel
EPA Verified Fuel and Additive Retrofits when combined
between
with new retrofit, upgrade, or replacement
conventional
diesel fuel
EPA Verified Aerodynamics and Low Rolling Resistance
Tires when combined with new exhaust after-treatment
100%
0%
retrofit


Alternative Fuel Conversion
40%
60%
B. Voluntary Cost-Share: Under this funding opportunity, voluntary cost sharing is when an
applicant voluntarily proposes to legally commit to provide costs or contributions to support the
project when a mandatory cost share is not required, or when the applicant proposes to provide
more than the required cost share. Applicants who propose to use a voluntary cost share must
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2021 DERA State Grants Program Guide
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include the costs or contributions for the voluntary cost share in the project budget on the SF-
424. If an applicant proposes a voluntary cost share, the following apply:
•	A voluntary cost share is subject to the match provisions in the grant regulations 2 CFR
Part 200 as applicable.
•	A voluntary cost share may only be met with eligible and allowable costs.
•	The recipient may not use other sources of federal funds to meet a voluntary cost share
unless the statute authorizing the other federal funding provides that the federal funds may be
used to meet a cost share requirement on a federal grant.
The recipient is legally obligated to meet any proposed voluntary cost share that is included in
the approved project budget. If the proposed voluntary cost share does not materialize during
grant performance, then EPA may reconsider the legitimacy of the award and/or take other
appropriate action as authorized by 2 CFR Part 200, as applicable.
XI. WAIVER OF PROGRAMMATIC REQUIREMENTS
EPA will consider, on a case-by-case basis, waiver requests from programmatic requirements.
Waivers will only be approved for non-statutory and/or non-regulatory requirements. Sufficient
justification for the waiver must be provided by the state. States must obtain EPA approval for any
waiver request before conducting any work or expending any funds on a project involving a waiver
request. Any questions regarding waivers should be directed to the EPA Project Officer.
XII. AWARD ADMINISTRATION INFORMATION
A. Terms and Conditions: General administrative and programmatic terms and conditions
applicable to EPA assistance agreements under this Program may be viewed at:
www, epa. gov/grants/grant-terms-and-conditions.
Funding to Other State Agencies: EPA's general policy, based on the definitions of the terms
"Non-federal entity" (2 CFR §200.69), "Pass-through entity (2 CFR §200.74) "Recipient" (2
CFR §200.86) and "State" (2 CFR §200.90), is that the state itself is the legal entity that receives
EPA funds even if one particular component of the state is named in the assistance agreement as
the recipient. Transfers of EPA funds between state agencies to perform a particular financial
assistance agreement would, therefore, be governed by state law. Additionally, 2 CFR §200.417
"Interagency Services" contemplates situations in which one agency provides services to another
agency within the same unit of government as a direct cost of performing the EPA assistance
agreement.
If utilizing interagency service agreements between state agencies under 2 CFR §200.417, the
expenditures the state agency makes to carry out the Interagency Service Agreement should be
shown in the corresponding direct cost categories (Personnel, Travel, Contractual etc.). If state
law characterizes agreements under which one state agency provides services to another state
agency as a procurement contract, then the costs would be placed in the contractual category. In
interagency service situations, 2 CFR §200.417 provides the state may charge a pro-rated share
of indirect costs for the service, or 10% of the ". . .direct salary and wage cost of providing the
service (excluding overtime, shift premiums, and fringe benefits) may be used in lieu of
determining the actual indirect costs of the service." Centralized services included in central
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service cost allocation plans subject to Appendix V of 2 CFR Part 200 are accounted for
separately.
There may be situations in which state law provides that state agencies or instrumentalities are
legally separate for the purposes of financial transactions between them or when state financial
management policies for Federal assistance agreements require separate instruments for
accounting purposes (e.g. due to differences in indirect cost rates). In those situations, a state
may characterize appropriate funding transfers as subawards. Note, however, that if one state
agency provides a subaward to another state agency the state agency acting as the pass-through
entity must comply with applicable provisions of 2 CFR Part 200 (including 2 CFR §200.331),
the National Term and Condition for Subawards, and the EPA Subaward Policy unless EPA
provides an exception. The aggregate cost estimates for subawards to other state agencies or
instrumentalities should be included as line items in the "Other" budget category.
B.	In-Kind Assistance: The state may purchase equipment through blanket purchase agreements or
some other mechanism that ensures a low price for the item. The state may then provide the
equipment in lieu of money as in-kind assistance through a subaward.
C.	Contract: As defined at 2 CFR §200.22, means a legal instrument by which a non-Federal
entity purchases property or services needed to carry out the project or program under a Federal
award. The term as used in this part does not include a legal instrument, even if the non-Federal
entity considers it a contract, when the substance of the transaction meets the definition of a
Federal award or subaward (see §200.92 Subaward).
D.	Procurements: When procuring property and services under a Federal award, a state must
follow the same policies and procedures it uses for procurements from its non-Federal funds.
The state will comply with §200.322 Procurement of Recovered Materials, and ensure that every
purchase order or other contract includes any clauses required by section §200.326 Contract
provisions. All other non-Federal entities, including subrecipients of a state (other than another
state agency), will follow §200.318 General Procurement Standards through §200.326 Contract
Provisions.
E.	Performance Partnership Grants: Funds awarded under this program are not eligible for
inclusion with the state's Performance Partnership Grants.
State Notification: Executive Order 12372, Intergovernmental Review of Federal Programs,
may be applicable to awards resulting from this announcement. EPA implemented the Executive
Order in 40 CFR Part 29. EPA may require applicants selected for funding to provide a copy of
their application to their State Point of Contact (SPOC) for review as provided at 40 CFR 29.7
and 40 CFR 29.8. The SPOC list can be found in the Intergovernmental Review (SPOC List)
document: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/SPQC-4-13-20.pdf
F.	Public Notification: Not later than 60 days after the date of the award of a subaward, rebate, or
loan by a state, the state shall publish the following on the Web site of the state:
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1.	For subawards, rebates, and loans provided to the owner of a diesel vehicle or fleet, the total
number and dollar amount of subawards, rebates, or loans provided, as well as a breakdown
of the technologies funded through the subgrants, rebates, or loans; and
2.	For other subawards, rebates, and loans, a description of each application for which the
subaward, rebate, or loan is provided.
G. Reporting Requirements: Quarterly programmatic progress reports and a detailed final
programmatic report will be required. Additional administrative and financial reporting may be
required per the terms and conditions of the award.
1.	Quarterly Reports: Quarterly reports summarizing technical progress, planned activities for
the next quarter and a summary of expenditures are required. The schedule for submission of
quarterly reports will be established by EPA, after the grants are awarded. A template for
quarterly reports is available at www. epa. gov/dera/state.
2.	Final Reports: The final report must include: summary of the project or activity, emissions
benefits and other outputs and outcomes achieved, and costs of the project or activity
addition, the final report shall discuss the problems, successes, and lessons learned from the
project or activity that could help overcome structural, organizational or technical obstacles
to implementing a similar project elsewhere. Award recipients may be provided with
additional information and guidance on reporting performance measures and project progress
after award. A template for the final report is available at www.epa.gov/dera/state. The final
report shall be submitted to EPA within 90 calendar days of the completion of the period of
performance. However, in order to facilitate awarding funds the following fiscal year, it is
recommended that the report be completed well before 90 days.
XIII. APPENDIX A: HOW TO FUND PRO TECTS AND PARTNERSHIPS
There are several ways DERA recipients may implement projects and fund project partners
depending on the roles and responsibilities of each. In addition to the information provided below,
also refer to the "Contracts and Subawards" guidance in Section IV. of the General Solicitation
Provisions found at www.epa.gov/grants/epa-solicitation-clauses.
If a DERA grant recipient intends to fund target fleets that they do not own and operate, they have
the option to (1) make a subaward or (2) provide participant support costs (i.e, rebates) to a
project partner. Both options can fund a project partner's equipment and installation costs, but only
subawards can fund a project partner's direct and indirect costs such as personnel and travel. If the
DERA grant recipient is only funding a project partner's equipment and installation costs, they may
choose to provide participant support costs rather than a subaward to avoid the extensive subaward
monitoring and management requirements.
Direct Implementation: Where the target fleets are owned and operated by the DERA grant
recipient, the recipient may directly implement the project. The recipient is responsible for procuring
all vehicles/engine/equipment, and any required contractual services, in accordance with applicable
competitive procurement requirements in https://www. ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
idx?SID=eeba078baab7cccee5a7702a04c9e6ad&mc=true&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title02/2cfr200 main 0
2.tpl. The applicant's/recipient's budget should reflect only those expenses incurred directly by the
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recipient organization for personnel, fringe, travel, supplies, equipment, contractual, other, and
indirect.
Subawards: DERA grant recipients (i.e. pass-through entities) may make subawards to
subrecipients to carry out a portion of the DERA funded program or project. Subawards establish a
financial assistance relationship under which the subrecipient's employees and contractors
implement programs and projects to accomplish the goals and objectives of the DERA grant. Under
DERA, a non-Federal entity may be eligible to receive a subaward even if it is not eligible to receive
a DERA grant from EPA directly. While there may be some situations in which a subaward to an
individual may be appropriate, those situations are rare.
Note that subawards are different than procurement contracts. Contractors such as equipment
suppliers, consulting firms (including individual consultants) or other vendors provide goods and
services directly to DERA grant recipients for direct implementation activities. Subrecipients only
receive reimbursement for their actual direct or approved indirect costs such that they do not "profit"
from the transaction and subrecipients are subject to the same Federal requirements as the pass-
through entity. In other grant programs, for-profit entities participating in grant activities are
typically contractors rather than subrecipients. However, DERA is one of the few grant programs
where it is appropriate for pass-through entities to make subawards to for-profit organizations to
purchase and install equipment for that organization's own use.
For example, if a DERA recipient directly implementing a project purchases school buses from a
vendor, the appropriate funding instrument is a procurement contract and the transaction is subject to
the applicable competitive procurement requirements. Referring to an individual consultant or
vendor as a "partner" does not exempt the transaction from competitive procurement requirements.
Alternately, for example, if a DERA recipient provides funding to a school district for the school
district to implement its own diesel emissions reduction program for its school bus fleet, the
appropriate funding instrument is a subaward. In this example, the school district (subrecipient)
implements their project with the DERA funds received from the pass-through entity, the school
district purchases school buses from a vendor through a procurement contract, and the school
districts transaction is subject to the applicable competitive procurement requirements in 2 CFR Part
200. Indicators that the transaction is a subaward include eligible and allowable costs to support the
following in addition to the subrecipient vehicle and equipment purchase and installation costs:
•	subrecipient personnel and overhead including indirect costs incurred for project
management, coordination, procurement, reporting and outreach;
•	subrecipient travel costs required for project implementation and oversight; and
•	subrecipient contractual costs for design and engineering services.
If a recipient chooses to pass funds from its DERA grant to other entities through subawards, the
recipient must comply with applicable provisions of 2 CFR Part 200, the EPA Subaward Policy, and
EPA's National Term and Condition for Subawards. Note that under 2 CFR 200.331 there are
extensive requirements for subrecipient monitoring and management that apply to pass-through
entities. Additionally, Federal requirements including the 2 CFR Part 200 Procurement Standards
"flow down" to subrecipients. By accepting a DERA grant, the recipient is certifying that it either
has systems in place to comply with the regulatory and EPA policy requirements specified in these
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provisions, or that the recipient will refrain from making subawards with EPA funding until the
required systems are designed and implemented.
EPA's Award Official must approve subawards to for-profit entities and individuals on the basis of
either a precise description of the subaward in the EPA approved budget and work plan, or on a
transaction-by-transaction basis. The applicant's/recipient's DERA workplan and budget narrative
should include detailed descriptions of any proposed subawards and include cost estimates for
subawards as line items under the "Other" budget category. Should a DERA recipient decide to
make a subaward that was not described in the approved work plan and budget the recipient must
obtain prior written approval from EPA's Award Official for the subaward.
There is no requirement for recipients to compete subawards under DERA, however pass-through
entities may choose to select subrecipients competitively provided this practice is consistent with
applicable statutes, regulations and the terms of their DERA grants. Recipients may use the
subaward template contained in Appendix D of the Subaward Policy to assist them in complying
with the "subaward content" requirements, however EPA does not mandate the use of this template.
Participant Support Costs: DERA grant recipients may provide participant support costs to
program beneficiaries to enable beneficiaries to participate in the recipient's program or project.
Rebates, subsidies, and similar one-time, lump-sum payments to program beneficiaries for the
purchase of eligible emissions control technologies and vehicle replacements are considered
participant support costs. Program beneficiaries, rather than the DERA recipient, own the new
vehicle, engine, or technology.
Program beneficiaries only receive reimbursement for up to the allowable cost share of eligible
equipment and installation costs. Participant support costs differ from subawards in that the
beneficiary is participating in the DERA recipient's project or program instead of implementing
their own project or program. Program beneficiaries may be individual owner/operators or private or
public fleet owners, however program beneficiaries are not employees, contractors or subrecipients
of the DERA grant recipient. Program beneficiaries are not subject to the same Federal requirements
as the DERA grant recipient or subrecipients. For example, the competitive procurement
requirements do not apply to program beneficiaries purchasing vehicles or equipment.
Recipients may also use participant support costs to purchase technologies or vehicles on behalf of
program beneficiaries. In some situations, this approach allows DERA recipients to achieve
economies of scale and/or take advantage of existing purchase contracts. Competitive procurement
requirements apply to the DERA recipient when the recipient takes this approach. For example, a
recipient may award a competitive contract to a technology vendor to purchase and install emissions
reduction equipment on vehicles owned by program beneficiaries.
Participant support costs for rebates, subsidies or other payments must be supported by guidelines
issued by the recipient and approved by EPA, defining the rules, restrictions, timelines,
programmatic requirements, reporting and transaction documentation requirements, eligibility, and
funding levels that rebate, subsidy or other payment beneficiaries must follow. Allowable rebates,
subsidies or other payments must be issued only for eligible activities and within applicable cost
share limits as defined in this program guide and the terms of the DERA grant agreement.
Additionally, there must be written agreement between recipient or subrecipient and the program
beneficiary that:
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•	Describes the activities that will be supported by rebates, subsidies or other payments;
•	Specifies the amount of the rebate, subsidy or payment;
•	Identifies which party will have title to equipment (if any) purchased with a rebate or
subsidy; and
•	Establishes source documentation requirements to ensure proper accounting of EPA funds.
•	Specifies any reporting required by the beneficiary.
EPA's Award Official must approve participant support costs on the basis of either a precise
description of the participant support costs in the EPA approved budget and work plan, or on a
transaction-by-transaction basis. The applicant's/recipient's DERA workplan and budget narrative
should include detailed descriptions of any proposed participant support costs and include cost
estimates for participant support costs as line items under the "Other" budget category. Should a
DERA recipient decide to award participant support costs that were not described in the approved
work plan and budget the recipient must obtain prior written approval from EPA's Award Official.
Moreover, after a grant is awarded, should a recipient decide to modify the amount approved
(upwards or downwards) for participant support costs, prior written approval from EPA's Award
Official is also required.
When creating budgets, applicants/recipients must exclude participant support costs from Modified
Total Direct Costs (MTDC) for calculation of indirect costs as required by 2 CFR 200.68.
Resources
Best Practice Guide for Procuring Services, Supplies, and Equipment Under EPA Assistance
Agreements (www.epa.gov/grants/best-practice-guide-procuring-services-supplies-and-eciuipment-
under- epa- assistance- agre ements)
EPA Subaward Policy with attachments (www.epa.gov/grants/grants-policy-issuance-gpi-16-01-
epa-subaward-policy-epa-assistance-agreement-recipients). Includes:
•	EPA Subaward Policy
•	Appendix A: Distinctions Between Subrecipients and Contractors
•	Appendix B: National Term and Condition for Subawards
•	Appendix C: Model Programmatic Subaward Reporting Requirement
•	Appendix D: Subaward Agreement Template
RAIN-2018-G05, "Interim EPA Guidance on Participant Support Costs."
(www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-
09/documents/interim guidance on participant support costs.pdf)
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XIV. APPENDIX B: MANDATED MEASURES JUSTIFICATION
No funds awarded may be used to fund emission reductions mandated by federal statute. The
restriction applies when the mandate takes effect (the effective date) for any affected vehicles,
engines or equipment. This restriction does not apply to a mandate in a State Implementation Plan
(SIP) approved by the EPA Administrator under the Clean Air Act. Voluntary or elective emissions
reduction measures shall not be considered "mandated," regardless of whether the reductions are
included in the SIP.
Specifically, projects involving locomotives and marine engines are not eligible for funding if the
emissions reductions are required by EPA's locomotive and marine rule, "Control of Emissions of
Air Pollution from Locomotives and Marine Compression-Ignition Engines Less than 30 liters per
Cylinder." Also, projects involving stationary engines will not be considered for funding if the
emissions reductions proposed for funding are required by EPA's RICE rule, "National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Stationary Reciprocating Internal
Combustion Engines (40 CFR Part 63 Subpart ZZZZ).
All applications which include locomotives and/or marine engines and/or stationary engines
must include a clear and concise justification for why/how the proposed emissions reduction
are not subject to the restriction for mandated measures under this grant. The justification
must clearly demonstrate why/how:
•	the engines are exempt from the requirements of EPA's rule; or
•	emissions reductions funded with EPA funds will be implemented prior to the effective
date of any applicable requirements under the rule; and/or
•	emissions reductions funded with EPA funds will not be used to satisfy any applicable
requirements under the rule but are in excess of (above and beyond) those required by
the applicable mandate.
Applicants must provide sufficient information to support the justification, including copies of
maintenance records, if applicable.
Applicants are responsible for addressing all applicable parts of the rule in their justification for
why/how the emissions reductions proposed for funding are not subject to the restriction for
mandated measures under this grant.
Control of Emissions of Air Pollution from Locomotives and Marine Compression-Ignition
Engines Less than 30 liters per Cylinder
What is sufficient justification?
For locomotives, the justification must include, but is not limited to:
•	The original build date of each locomotive.
•	The model year of the existing engines for each locomotive.
•	Whether the existing locomotive engines are the original engines that were installed in the
locomotive by the locomotive manufacturer at the time of original manufacturer, or whether the
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original engines were ever replaced or upgraded (prior to the activities that are being proposed
for funding). If so, when and what upgrades were made?
• The date that the power assemblies of each existing engine have been replaced, if ever.
As outlined above, and in Section IX.G of this program guide, certain locomotives and marine
engines are exempt from the rule. This exemption may be based on the age and/or size of the
locomotive or marine engines, or on the type or size and/or annual revenue of the owner/operator. In
these cases, sufficient justification would include a summary of the rule applicability and an
explanation of why each locomotive or marine engine is exempt from the rule. For example:
"EPA s Marine Remanufacture Program applies only to those commercial marine
propulsion and auxiliary diesel engines which meet all of the following criteria:
•	CI and C2 engines (i.e. per cylinder displacement up to 30 liters);
•	Greater than 600kW (800 hp);
•	Tier 2 and earlier engines; and
•	Built in model year 1973 or later.
Engines A, B, and C, as described fully in the previously submitted Applicant Fleet
Description, are exempt from the requirements of EPA s marine rule because all three
engines are of original model year 1972. Further, all three of these engines are 600
horsepower engines and are therefore exempt from the rule requirements.
As outlined above, and in Section IX.G of the program guide, certain locomotives and marine
engines may be subject to the rule requirements, but the applicant may be able to demonstrate that
the emissions reduction funded with EPA funds will be implemented prior to the effective date of
any applicable requirements under the rule and/or emissions reductions funded with EPA funds will
not be used to satisfy any applicable requirements under the rule, but are in excess of (above and
beyond) those required by the applicable mandate. In these cases, sufficient justification would
include a summary of the rule applicability and an explanation of how the proposed emissions
reductions from each locomotive or marine engine meet the criteria listed above. For example:
"Marine Engine D is a commercial CI marine diesel engine of900 hp, built in model year
1980, and is unregulated (please see previously submitted Applicant Fleet Description for
full engine information including marine engine model and engine family name), therefore
this engine is covered by EPA's Marine Remanufacture Program. We have conducted a
thorough search of EPA s list of remanufacture systems (i.e. "kits ", certified for use with
Category 1 and 2 marine diesel engines according to the provisions of 40 CFR Part 1042,
Subpart I) listed here www.epa.sov/compliance-and-fuel-economv-data/annual-certification-
data-vehicles-engines-and-equipmeni and have determined that at this time there are no
certified kits available for this engine. Therefore, there are no applicable requirements under
the rule for this engine at this time and the emissions reductions proposed for EPA funding
are not subject to the Restriction for Mandated Measures under this grant.
OR
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"Marine Engine E is a commercial CI marine diesel engine of900 hp, built in model year
1980, and is unregulated (please see previously submitted Applicant Fleet Description for
full engine information, including marine engine model and engine family name), therefore
this engine is covered by EPA's Marine Remanufacture Program. We have conducted a
thorough search of EPA s list of remanufacture systems (i.e. "kits ", certified for use with
Category 1 and 2 marine diesel engines according to the provisions of 40 CFR Part 1042,
Subpart I) listed here www.epa.sov/compliance-and-fuel-economv-data/annual-certification-
data-vehicles-ensines-and-eauipment. and have determined that at this time there is one
certified remanufacture kit available for this engine: /insert kit info 1.
However, emissions reductions funded with EPA funds will not be used to satisfy any
applicable requirements under the rule but are in excess of (above and beyond) those
required by the applicable mandate. [The applicant should include a thorough discussion of
the emissions reductions that could be achieved by the application of the certified kit to the
existing engine and the emissions reductions that will be achieved by the activities proposed
from funding under the grant. The applicant should calculate the difference between the
required emissions reductions and the proposed emissions reductions and should be able to
clearly demonstrate that emissions reductions funded with EPA funds are in excess of (above
and beyond) those required by the rule.]
Therefore, the emission reductions proposed for EPA funding are not subject to the
restriction for mandated measures under this grant.
Additional Resources:
•	Final Rule: www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2008-06-30/pdf/R8-7999.pdf
•	Fact Sheet: EPA Finalizes More Stringent Emissions Standards for Locomotive Engines and
Marine Compression-Ignition Engines:
https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P100094D.PDF?Dockev=Pl 00094D.PDF
•	Fact Sheet: Control of Emissions from Idling Locomotives EPA420-F-08-014:
(https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockev=P 100096D.pdf).
•	Summary of locomotive emission standards:
https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=Pl 00QA09.pdf
•	Frequently Asked Questions from Marine Engine Owners and Rebuilders about EPA's
Marine Remanufacture Program EPA420-F-09-003:
(https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockev=P 1002UMW.pdf).
•	Summary of marine emission standards:
https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=Pl 00QA0B.pdf
•	Marine and Locomotive Certified Remanufacture Systems: www.epa.gov/compliance-and-
fuel-economy-data/engine-certification-data
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The information that follows is provided purely for informational purposes to highlight certain parts
of the rule that may be of most interest to applicants, such as applicability, exemptions, and
remanufacture requirements. This information is not all-inclusive and is not meant as a substitute for
the actual rule. There may be applicability, exemptions, and requirements under the rule that are not
highlighted below.
Affected Entities and Engines
Entities potentially affected by this rule are those that manufacture, remanufacture or import
locomotives or locomotive engines; and those that own or operate locomotives and companies and
persons that manufacture, sell, or import into the United States new marine compression ignition
engines, companies and persons that rebuild or maintain these engines, companies and persons that
make vessels that use such engines, and the owners/operators of such vessels.
The rule addresses all types of diesel locomotives— line-haul, switch, and passenger rail, and all
types of marine diesel engines below 30 liters per cylinder displacement (hereafter referred to as
"marine diesel engines"). These engines are used to power a wide variety of vessels, from small
fishing and recreational boats to large tugs and Great Lakes freighters. They are also used to
generate auxiliary vessel power, including on ocean-going ships.
Locomotives
The rule affects locomotives currently regulated under 40 CFR Part 92 or Part 1033. With some
exceptions, the locomotive regulations apply for all locomotives originally built in or after 1973 that
operate in the United States.
Some Class III Railroads are exempt from the remanufacture standards for existing fleets. The rule
limits the category of small railroads which are exempt from the Tier 0, 1 and 2 remanufacturing
requirements for existing fleets to those railroads that qualify as Class III railroads and that are not
owned by a large parent company. Under the current Surface Transportation Board classification
system, this exemption is limited to railroads having total revenue less than $39,194,876 per year in
2018 (www.stb.dot.gov/econdata.nsf/DeflatorFactors7QpenView).
EPA estimates that nearly all of the locomotives in the Class I railroad fleets were originally
manufactured in or after 1973 and are already subject to the Tier 0 or later standards.
Intercity passenger or commuter railroads are not included as railroads that are small businesses and
are therefore subject to the rule.
Definitions under 40 CFR Part 92 and Part 1033
"New locomotive" or "new locomotive engine" - a locomotive or engine that has never been
transferred to an ultimate purchaser or put into service; a locomotive or engine also becomes new if
it is remanufactured or refurbished. Locomotives and engines that were originally manufactured
before January 1, 1973 are not considered to become new when remanufactured unless they have
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been upgraded (as defined by the rule). Locomotives that are owned and operated by a small railroad
and that have never been certified (i.e. manufactured or remanufactured into a certified
configuration) are not considered to become new when remanufactured.
"Remanufacture" - 1) To replace, or inspect and qualify, each and every power assembly (i.e.
cylinder) of a locomotive or locomotive engine, whether during a single maintenance event or
cumulatively within a five year period; or 2) To upgrade a locomotive or locomotive engine; or 3)
To convert a locomotive or locomotive engine to enable it to operate using a fuel other than it was
originally manufactured to use; or 4) To install a remanufactured engine or a freshly manufactured
engine into a previously used locomotive; or 5) To repair a locomotive engine that does not contain
power assemblies to a condition that is equivalent to or better than its original condition with respect
to reliability and fuel consumption. Remanufacture also means the act of remanufacturing.
"Remanufactured locomotive" - either a locomotive powered by a remanufactured locomotive
engine, a repowered locomotive, or a refurbished locomotive.
"Upgrade" - one of the following types of remanufacturing: 1) Repowering a locomotive that was
originally manufactured prior to January 1, 1973; or 2) Refurbishing a locomotive that was
originally manufactured prior to January 1, 1973 in a manner that is not freshly manufacturing; or 3)
Modifying a locomotive that was originally manufactured prior to January 1, 1973 (or a locomotive
that was originally manufactured on or after January 1, 1973, and that is not subject to the emission
standards of this part), such that it is intended to comply with the Tier 0 standards.
"Repowered locomotive"- a locomotive that has been repowered with a freshly manufactured
engine.
"Freshly manufactured locomotive" - a new locomotive that contains fewer than 25 percent (by
value) previously used parts (i.e. contains 75% or more brand new parts); includes when an existing
locomotive is substantially refurbished including the replacement of the old engine with a freshly
manufactured engine.
"Refurbished locomotive" - a locomotive which contains more unused parts than previously used
parts (i.e. contains 50% to 75% brand new parts). Note: Locomotives built before 1973 become
"new'' and thus subject to emission standards when refurbished (i.e. are not exempt from the rule
requirements due to age of locomotive). In general, the rule requires refurbished switch locomotives
to meet the Tier 0+ standards, and refurbished line-haul locomotives to meet Tier 2+/Tier 3
standards, even if the original locomotive was manufactured before 1973.
Remanufactured Locomotives: The rule sets new standards for the existing fleet of Tier 0, Tier 1,
and Tier 2 locomotives, to apply at the time of remanufacture, if a certified remanufacture system is
available.
To avoid confusion between the old standards and the new standards, EPA has adopted a simple
approach whereby a Tier 0 locomotive remanufactured under the more stringent Tier 0 standards
adopted in the 2008 (current) rule will be designated a Tier 0+ locomotive. The same approach
applies for Tier 1 and Tier 2 locomotives. That is, those remanufactured under the new standards
would be called Tier 1+ and Tier 2+ locomotives, respectively. However, in many contexts,
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including a number of places in the final rule, there is really no need to make distinctions of this sort,
as no ambiguity arises. In these contexts, it would be perfectly acceptable to drop the " + "
designation and simply refer to Tier 0, 1, and 2 locomotives and standards.
Switch Locomotives: The rule includes standards and other provisions aimed at encouraging the
replacement of old high-emitting units with newly-built or refurbished locomotives powered by very
clean engines developed for the nonroad equipment market. For example, a provision applicable to
switch locomotives allows a streamlined certification process.
Reduction of Locomotive Idling Emissions: The rule requires that an Automatic Engine Stop/Start
System (AESS) be used on all new locomotives (see definition of "new locomotive" above).
Voluntary Emissions Reductions: The rules allow locomotive owners to voluntarily subject their
pre-1973 locomotives to the Tier 0 standards or to include in the locomotive program low-
horsepower locomotives that would otherwise be excluded based on their rated power. Additionally,
the rule allows Tier 0 switch locomotives, which are normally not subject to line-haul cycle
standards, to be voluntarily certified to the line-haul cycle standards. Also, the rule allows any
locomotives to be voluntarily certified to a more stringent tier of standards. In doing so, the
locomotives then become subject to the new remanufactured engine standards, at the point of first
remanufacture under the new standards.
Marine Engines
The rule (marine existing fleet program) affects marine diesel engines and vessels regulated under
40 CFR Part 94 or Part 1042.
The marine existing fleet program applies only to those commercial marine propulsion and auxiliary
diesel engines which meet the following criteria:
•	CI and C2 engines (i.e. per cylinder displacement up to 30 liters);
•	Greater than 600 kW (800 HP);
•	Tier 2 and earlier engines; and
•	Built in model year 1973 or later.
Small vessel operators are exempt from the new standards for existing fleets. The requirements of
the marine existing fleet program do not apply to owners of marine diesel engines or vessel
operators with less than $5 million in gross annual sales revenue. This threshold includes annual
sales revenue from parent companies or affiliates of the owners/operators.
EPA estimates that about 4 percent of all CI and C2 engines are subject to the marine existing fleet
program and are likely to have certified kits available at the time of remanufacture.
Definitions under 40 CFR Part 94 or Part 1042
"Remanufacture" of a marine engine - the removal and replacement of all cylinder liners, either
during a single maintenance event or over a five-year period. It should be noted that marine diesel
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engines are not considered to be remanufactured if the rebuilding process falls short of this
definition (i.e. the cylinder liners are removed and replaced over more than a five-year period).
Remanufactured Marine Engines: When an engine is remanufactured, it must be certified as meeting
the emission standards for remanufactured engines (by using a certified remanufacture system)
unless there is no certified remanufacturing system available for that engine. If there is no certified
system available at that time, there is no requirement.
A certified marine remanufacture system must achieve a 25 percent reduction in PM emissions
compared to the engine's measured baseline emissions level (the emissions level of the engine as
rebuilt according to the manufacturer's specification but before the installation of the remanufacture
system) without increasing NOx emissions (within 5 percent).
If several certified systems are available, any of them may be used.
For engines on a rolling rebuild schedule (i.e., cylinder liners are not replaced all at once but are
replaced in sets on a schedule of 5 or fewer years, for example 5 sets of 4 liners for a 20-cylinder
engine on a 5-year schedule), the requirement is triggered at the time the remanufacture system
becomes available, with the engine required to be in a certified configuration when the last set of
cylinder liners is replaced. Any remanufacturing that occurs after the system is available needs to
use the certified system, including remanufacturing that occurs on a rolling schedule over less than
five years following the availability of the remanufacturing system. If the components of a certified
remanufacture system are not compatible with the engine's current configuration, the program
allows the owner to postpone the installation of the remanufacture system until the replacement of
the last set of cylinder-liners, which would occur no later than five years after the availability of the
system. At that time, all engine components must be replaced according to the certified
remanufacture system requirements.
In general, remanufactured engines are considered to be "new" engines, and they remain new until
sold or placed back into service after the replacement of the last cylinder liner. The standards do not
apply for engines that are rebuilt without removing cylinder liners. For a new engine to be placed
into service, it must be covered by a certificate of conformity.
Replacement with a Freshly Manufactured Engine: Under the marine diesel engine program, an
engine manufacturer is generally prohibited from selling a marine engine that does not meet the
standards that are in effect when that engine is produced. However, manufacturers are allowed to
produce a new engine which meets an earlier tier of standards if the engine manufacturer makes a
determination that an engine compliant with the current standards would not fit a particular vessel.
Specifically, in making the feasibility determination the engine manufacturer is required to consider
all previous tiers and use any of their own engine models from the most recent tier that meets the
vessel's physical and performance requirements. If an engine manufacturer can produce an engine
that meets a previous tier of standards representing better control of emissions than that of the
engine being replaced, the manufacturer would need to supply the engine meeting the tier of
standards with the lowest emissions levels. For example, if a Tier 1 engine is being replaced after the
Tier 3 standards go into effect, the engine manufacturer would have to demonstrate why a Tier 2 as
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well as a Tier 3 engine cannot be used before a Tier 1 engine can be produced and installed.
Similarly, for an engine built prior to 2004, the engine manufacturer would have to demonstrate why
a Tier 1, Tier 2, or a Tier 3 engine cannot be used. It should be noted, in the case of Tier 0 engines,
that MARPOL Annex VI prohibits replacing an existing engine at or above 130 kW with a freshly
manufactured engine unless it meets the Tier 1 standards.
Replacement with an Existing Engine: The remanufacture requirements of the rule apply whether
the owner is obtaining an identical existing (used) replacement engine due to an engine failure or
through an engine exchange for a periodic engine rebuild. These requirements also apply if a vessel
owner is obtaining a different model existing (used) replacement engine, for whatever reason. This
means if the existing engine (greater than 600 kW that are built after 1973) that is the replacement
engine is rebuilt and has all of its cylinder liners replaced, it will be required to be remanufactured
using a certified remanufacture system if one is available for that engine.
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Stationary
Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE) (40 CFR Part 63 Subpart ZZZZ)
Stationary engine projects, such as energy producing generators and agricultural pumps, will not be
considered for funding under this grant if the emissions reductions proposed for funding are required
by EPA's RICE rule, "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Stationary
Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (40 CFR Part 63 Subpart ZZZZ). Under the RICE Rule
provisions, the compliance requirements may be triggered by replacement or reconstruction of an
engine.
Definition: Stationary reciprocating internal combustion engine (RICE) means any reciprocating
internal combustion engine which uses reciprocating motion to convert heat energy into mechanical
work and which is not mobile. Stationary RICE differ from mobile RICE in that a stationary RICE is
not a non-road engine as defined at 40 CFR 1068.30, and is not used to propel a motor vehicle or a
vehicle used solely for competition.
The RICE Rule applies to new and existing engines as described below:
1.	Engines greater than 500 HP at a major source of Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP):
o Existing engines if constructed before December 19, 2002
o New engines if constructed on or after December 19, 2002
o Reconstructed engines if reconstruction began on or after December 19, 2002
2.	Engines less than or equal to 500 HP at a major source of HAP and engines or all horsepower
located at an area source of HAP:
o Existing engines if constructed before June 12, 2006
o New engines if constructed on or after June 12, 2006
o Reconstructed engines if reconstruction began on or after June 12, 2006
EPA assumes most stationary source projects proposed under this grant will fall under #2, above.
Sufficient Justification
The applicant must demonstrate that the emissions reductions funded with EPA funds will be
implemented prior to the effective date of any applicable requirements under the rule and/or
emissions reductions funded with EPA funds will not be used to satisfy any applicable requirements
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under the RICE Rule but are in excess of (above and beyond) those required by the applicable
mandate. In these cases, sufficient justification would include a summary of the rule applicability
and an explanation of how the proposed emissions reductions from the target engines are achieved
prior to any compliance dates and/or in are in excess of any emissions reductions required by the
RICE Rule.
In general, the requirements for existing stationary RICE located at areas sources of HAP (found in
Table 2d to Subpart ZZZ of Part 63) include carbon monoxide (CO) limits, maintenance and
inspection requirements, and operation limits.
RICE Rule Application Navigation Tool
EPA provides a RICE regulation navigation tool. This tool prompts users by asking questions
regarding their stationary diesel engine to help uses determine how the RICE measure apply to their
case. The DERA program recommends that all applicants applying for projects which include
stationary engines use this tool and include the results in their applications.
RICE Rule Navigation Tool Site:
https://regnav.app.cloud.gov/rice/rice%20-%20Storvline%20output/storv html5.html.
Disclaimer: The content provided in this software tool is intended solely as assistance for potential
reporters to aid in assessing requirements for compliance under the RICE Rule. Any variation
between the rule and the information provided in this tool is unintentional, and, in the case of such
variations, the requirements of the rule govern. Use of this tool does not constitute an assessment by
EPA of the applicability of the rule to any particular facility. In any particular case, EPA will make
its assessment by applying the law and regulations to the specific facts of the case.
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