c/EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
How to Comment
You may comment on the proposed
draft permit in writing. Please refer
to draft permit number:
MI-035-1I- C001
Mail or email your comments to:
Janette Hansen
U.S. EPA, Water Division
UIC Section (WP-16J)
77 W. Jackson Blvd.
Chicago, IL 60604-3590
Email: hansen.janette@epa.gov
Phone: 312-886-0241
Comment Period
EPA will accept written comments
until October 15, 2019 (midnight
postmark).
Information Repository
You may see the draft permit at:
http: //go .usa.gov/3 JwFP.
Administrative Record
You may see the full administrative
record, including all data submitted
by SWD Specialties, LLC, at the
EPA' s Chicago regional office
(address above), weekdays from
9am to 4pm. For an appointment to
see the files, contact Janette Hansen
(see above).
Right to Appeal
You have the right to appeal any
final permit decision if you mate an
official comment during the
comment period or participate in a
public hearing. A public hearing is
not planned at this time. The first
appeal must be made to the
Environmental Appeals Board. The
final decision can be appealed in
federal court only after all agency
review procedures have been
exhausted.
To learn more about EPA's
Underground Injection Control
program, or to join our mailing list
visit http://go.usa.gov/3JwFP
EPA Seeks Comments on
Injection Well Permit	
SWD Specialties, LLC Injection Well
Clare County, Michigan	September 2019
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tentatively approved
a request from SWD Specialties, LLC of Kalkaska, Michigan for
reissuance of a Class I commercial nonhazardous injection well
permit. Before EPA gives final approval to the draft reissued permit,
the Agency will review public comments (see left-hand box on how
to comment). During the public comment period, you may request a
public hearing in writing. You must state the issues you propose to
raise at the hearing Be aware that EPA does not have the authority
to change the surface location of the injection well.
SWD Specialties, LLC plans to continue to dispose of nonhazardous
liquid waste. The existing injection well is located near Temple
Drive and McKinley Avenue in Clare County, Michigan. Federal
law requires all Class I wells be built in a way that protects drinking
water supplies.1 That means waste must be injected into a rock
formation beneath the lowermost formation containing an
underground drinking water source. All Class I wells must be
constructed to prevent the movement of fluids into or between
underground sources of drinking water.
MI-035-11-000 1

Existing
Miller W23-41
WeH
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Miles
Map shows location of the injection well in Clare County, Michigan.
'Injection wells must meet the regulatory criteria of 40 Code of Federal
Regulations, or C.F.R., sections 124, 144, 146, and 147; and the Safe
Drinking Water Act, or SDWA. To view these regulations and laws, see
https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/regulations.
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Facility background:
SWD Specialties, LLC is authorized to use this injection well to dispose of non-hazardous
commercial waste and wastes excluded from management under the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act, as specified at 40 CFR §261.4. Every 10 years SWD Specialties, L.L.C. must
resubmit a new application for an EPA permit for the injection well. The Miller #23-41 well must
meet all mechanical integrity and all permit requirements for this application to continue operation of
the Class I non-hazardous injection well.
Site geology:
Underground Sources of Drinking Water (USDW): A USDW is defined as any aquifer or portion
thereof that contains less than 10,000 milligrams per liter of total dissolved solids and that are being
or can be used as a source of drinking water. An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing
rock or sediment from which water can be extracted by a well. In the case of the SWD well, the base
of the lowermost USDW sits at a depth of 544 feet. This water-bearing formation is the Glacial Till.
Injection Zone: The injection zone is in the Dundee Limestone from 4003 feet to 4055 feet below the
surface. This is considerably below the lowest point of the underground drinking water source. The
immediate overlying confining zone to the Dundee Limestone is the Bell Shale. Multiple confining
layers exist between the injection zone and the base of the lowermost Underground Source of
Drinking Water.
Area of review (AOR):
The AOR is the area within a two-mile radius of the injection well. EPA analyzed the AOR to
identify wells that might allow fluid to move out of the injection zone. In the AOR for the well, there
is 1 producing well, 0 injection, 0 temporarily abandoned, and 14 plugged and abandoned wells that
penetrate the confining zone. These wells meet construction standards and will not allow fluid to
move out of the injection zone for the well.
Maximum injection pressure:
EPA staff set an injection pressure limit that will prevent the injection formation from fracturing.
The proposed maximum injection pressure for this well is limited to 848 pounds per square inch
gauge for the well.
Financial assurance:
SWD Specialties, LLC has demonstrated adequate financial resources to close, plug, and abandon
this underground injection well. A letter of credit for $55,000 has been established for the well with
Fifth Third Bank.
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