User’s Guide for Estimating Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Stationary Combustion Using the State Inventory Tool January 2017


User's Guide for Estimating
Methane and Nitrous Oxide
Emissions from Stationary
Combustion Using the State
Inventory Tool
January 2017
Prepared by:
ICF
Prepared for:
State Climate and Energy Program,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
This section of the User's Guide provides instruction on using the ChUand N2O Stationary
Combustion module of the State Inventory Tool (SIT), and describes the methodology used
for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from stationary combustion at the state level.

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Table of Contents
1.1	Getting Started	2
1.2	Module Overview	4
1.2.1	Data Requirements	4
1.2.2	Tool Layout	6
1.3	Methodology	7
1.4	Uncertainty	 15
1.5	References	 15
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.1

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
1.1 Getting Started
The Stationary Combustion1 module was developed using Microsoft® Excel 2000. While the
module will operate with older versions of Excel, it functions best with Excel 2000 or later.
If you are using Excel 2007, instructions for opening the module will vary as outlined in the
Excel basics below. Before you use the Stationary Combustion module, make sure your
computer meets the system requirements. In order to install and run the Stationary
Combustion module, you must have:
• IBM-PC compatible computer with the Windows 95 operating system or later;
• Microsoft® Excel 1997 or later, with calculation set to automatic and macros
enabled;
• Hard drive with at least 20MB free; and
• Monitor display setting of 800 x 600 or greater.
Microsoft Excel Settings
Excel 2003 and Earlier: For the SIT modules to function properly, Excel must be set to
automatic calculation. To check this setting, launch Microsoft Excel before opening the
Stationary Combustion module. Go to the Tools menu and select "Options..." Click on the
"Calculations" tab and make sure that the radio button next to "Automatic" is selected, and
then click on "OK" to close the window. The security settings (discussed next) can also be
adjusted at this time.
Excel 2007: For the SIT modules to function properly, Excel must be set to automatic
calculation. Go to the Formulas ribbon and select "Calculation Options." Make sure that the
box next to the "Automatic" option is checked from the pop-up menu.
Microsoft Excel Security
Excel 2003 and Earlier: Since the SIT employs macros, you must have Excel security set
to medium (recommended) or low (not recommended). To change this setting, launch
Microsoft Excel before opening the Stationary Combustion module. Once in Excel, go to the
Tools menu, click on the Macro sub-menu, and then select "Security" (see Figure 1). The
Security pop-up box will appear. Click on the "Security Level" tab and select medium.
When set to high, macros are automatically disabled; when set to medium, Excel will give
you the choice to enable macros; when set to low, macros are always enabled.
When Excel security is set to medium, users are asked upon opening the module whether to
enable macros. Macros must be enabled in order for the Stationary Combustion module to
work. Once they are enabled, the module will open to the control worksheet. A message
1 Due to nuances associated with estimating non-C02 emissions associated with combustion, there are
three modules focusing on emissions from combustion: the CO2FFC module (which calculates CO2),
the stationary combustion module (which calculates CH4 and N2O), and the mobile combustion module
(which calculates CH4 and N2O from transportation activities).
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.2

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
box will appear welcoming the user to the module. Clicking on the "x" in the upper-right-
hand corner of the message box will close it.
Excel 2007: If Excel's security settings are set at the default level a Security Warning
appears above the formula box in Excel when the Stationary Combustion module is initially
opened. The Security Warning lets the user know that some active content from the
spreadsheet has been disabled, meaning that Excel has prevented the macros in the
spreadsheet from functioning. Since SIT needs macros in order to function properly, the
user must click the "Options" button in the security message and then select, "Enable this
content" in the pop-up box. Enabling the macro content for the SIT in this way only enables
macros temporarily in Excel but does not change the macro security settings. Once macros
are enabled, a message box will appear welcoming the user to module. Click on the "x" in
the upper right-hand corner to close the message box.
If the Security Warning does not appear when the module is first opened, it may be
necessary to change the security settings for macros. To change the setting, first exit out
of the Stationary Combustion module and re-launch Microsoft Excel before opening the
Stationary Combustion module. Next, click on the Microsoft Excel icon in the top left of the
screen. Scroll to the bottom of the menu and select the "Excel Options" button to the right
of the main menu. When the Excel Options box appears, select "Trust Center" in left hand
menu of the box. Next, click the grey "Trust Center Settings" button. When the Trust
Center options box appears, click "Macro Settings" in the left hand menu and select "Disable
all macros with notification." Once the security level has been adjusted, open the
Stationary Combustion module and enable macros in the manner described in the preceding
paragraph.
Viewing and Printing Data and Results
The Stationary Combustion module contains some features to allow users to adjust the
screen view and the appearance of the worksheets when they are printed. Once a module
has been opened, you can adjust the zoom by going to the Module Options Menu, and either
typing in a zoom percentage or selecting one from the drop down menu. In addition, data
may not all appear on a single screen within each worksheet; if not, you may need to scroll
up or down to view additional information.
You may also adjust the print margins of the worksheets to ensure that desired portions of
the Stationary Combustion module are printed. To do so, go to the File menu, and then
select "Print Preview." Click on "Page Break Preview" and drag the blue lines to the desired
positions (see Figure 2). To print this view, go to the File menu, and click "Print." To return
to the normal view, go to the File menu, click "Print Preview," and then click "Normal View."
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.3

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Figure 1. Changing Security Settings
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Print Margins
State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N:0 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module
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1.2 Module Overview
This User's Guide accompanies and explains the Stationary Combustion module of the SIT.
The SIT was developed in conjunction with EPA's Emissions Inventory Improvement
Program (EIIP). Prior to the development of the SIT, EPA developed the States Workbook
for estimating greenhouse gas emissions. In 1998, EPA revisited the States Workbook and
expanded it to follow the format of EIIP guidance documents for criteria air pollutants. The
result was a comprehensive, stepwise approach to estimating greenhouse gas emissions at
the state level. This detailed methodology was appreciated by states with the capacity to
devote considerable time and resources to the development of emission inventories. For
other states, the EIIP guidance was overwhelming and impractical for them to follow from
scratch. EPA recognized the resource constraints facing the states and developed the SIT.
The ten modules of the SIT corresponded to the EIIP chapters and attempted to automate
the steps states would need to take in developing their own emission estimates in a manner
that was consistent with prevailing national and state guidelines.
Since most state inventories developed today rely heavily on the tools, User's Guides have
been developed for each of the SIT modules. States interested in reviewing detailed
methodological information should consult Volume VIII of the EIIP guidance documents.
Even though the greenhouse gas volume will not be updated on a regular basis, it provides
additional information and in some cases, alternate approaches not found in the SIT or the
companion User's Guide.
The Stationary Combustion module calculates methane (CHi) and nitrous oxide (N2O)
emissions for the fuel types and end-use sectors indicated in Table 1 While the module
provides default data for fuel types (where possible), users are encouraged to input state-
specific default data if it is available. If using outside data sources, or for a more thorough
understanding of the approach used to estimate emissions, please refer to the following
discussion for data requirements and methodology.
1.2.1 Data Requirements
To calculate ChUand N2O emissions from stationary combustion, the following data are
required:

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
•	Fossil fuel consumption by fuel type and sector;
•	Wood consumption by sector;
•	Non-energy consumption by fuel type for the industrial sector; and
•	Emission factors by fuel type and sector.
Since the ChU and N2O emission factors vary by fuel type, it is necessary to compile
consumption data for the fuel types provided in Table 1.
Energy consumption statistics should be collected on
an energy basis—preferably in British thermal units
(Btu). Statistics providing energy consumption data
in other units, such as barrels or tons, may be used,
but require conversion to Btu by using the heat
content of the specific fuel. If the conversion to
energy units is necessary, the heat contents that
were used should be documented. Please note that
even data given in Btu may be preceded by a prefix
indicating order of magnitude (i.e. thousand,
million, billion). For a better understanding of the
quantity prefixes used with Btu, refer to Box 1.

Box 1: Energy Units
A British thermal unit (Btu) is the quantity
of heat required to raise the temperature of
one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit
at or near 39.2 Fahrenheit.

Btu
British thermal unit
1 Btu
MBtu
Thousand Btu
lxlO3 Btu
MM Btu
Million Btu
lxlO6 Btu
BBtu
Billion Btu
lxlO9 Btu
TBtu
Trillion Btu
lxlO12 Btu
QBtu
Quadrillion Btu
lxlO15 Btu
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.5

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Table 1. Fuel Types Consumed by Sector
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Electric Utilities
Coal
Coal
Coking Coal
Coal


Independent Power



Coal



Other Coal

Natural Gas
Natural Gas
Natural Gas
Natural Gas
Petroleum:
Petroleum:
Petroleum:
Petroleum:
Distillate Fuel
Distillate Fuel
Distillate Fuel
Distillate Fuel
Kerosene
Kerosene
Kerosene
Residual Fuel
LPG
LPG
LPG
Petroleum Coke

Motor
Motor Gasoline


Gasoline
Residual Fuel


Residual Fuel
Lubricants



Asphalt & Road Oil



Crude Oil



Feedstocks



Napthas < 401°F



Other oils > 401°F



Misc. Petroleum



Products



Petroleum Coke



Pentanes Plus



Still Gas



Special Naphthas



Unfinished Oils



Waxes



Aviation Gasoline



Blending



Components



Motor Gasoline



Blending



Components

Wood
Wood
Wood
Wood
Other
Other
Other
Other
Source: U.S. EPA 2016.
1.2.2 Tool Layout
Since there are multiple steps to complete within the Stationary Combustion module, it is
important to have an understanding of the module's overall design. The layout of the
Stationary Combustion module and the purpose of its worksheets are presented in Figure 3.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.6

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Figure 3. Flow of Information in the Stationary Combustion Module*
Control Worksheet
^ 2. Bulk Data Worksheet
1. Choose a State
| Enter energy consumption for all sector by fuel type

Individual Sector Worksheets
2. Complete Bulk Data Worksheet
/"""3. Residential N20

J. View consumption data and emission factors
3.-6.
Residential CH4
Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Each Sector
View consumption data and emission factors
Complete Individual Sector Worksheets
4. Commercial N20

J. View consumption data and emission factors
7. View Summary Data ^
Commercial CH4
J
View consumption data and emission factors
8. Export Data \
5. Electric Power N20

I View consumption data and emission factors

Electric Power CH4

View consumption data and emission factors

6. Industrial N,0

| Enter non-energy consumption for each fuel type

Industrial CH4

V_ Review consumption data and emission factors

* Summary Data for CH4 and N,0

1 Presented in both table and graphical formats in MMTC02E

Uncertainty

Review information on uncertainty associated with the default data
* These worksheets are the primary worksheets used in the Stationary Combustion module; subsequent
worksheets are used to populate the default data and are provided for informational purposes only.
1.3 Methodology
This section provides instructions for using the Stationary Combustion module of the SIT to
estimate ChU and N2O emissions from sectors that consume fossil fuels and wood. Within
the Stationary Combustion module, these sectors are residential, commercial, industrial,
and electric power. Since the
methodology is similar in all sectors, a
general methodology is discussed and
specific examples for each sector are
provided.
The Stationary Combustion module
automatically calculates emissions
after you enter energy consumption data (and the factors on the control worksheet). The
tool provides default energy consumption data, which comes from the EIA's State Energy
Consumption, Price, and Expenditure Estimates (SEDS) EIA (2016).2 However, other more
state-specific data may be used if available (see Box 2 for suggestions on where to find
data).
The Stationary Combustion module follows the general methodology outlined in the EIIP
guidance, however because of the automation of the calculations within the tool, the order
of steps discussed in this User's Guide do not follow the order of steps discussed within the
EIIP guidance document. This User's Guide provides an overview of the estimation
methodology used in the Stationary Combustion module by walking through the following
eight steps: (1) select a state; (2) complete the bulk data energy consumption worksheet;
(3) enter emission factors for the residential sector and view estimates; (4) enter emission
2 These data are available on the Internet at httD://www.eia.doe.aov/emeu/states/ seds.html.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.7
Box 2: State Energy Data Sources
In-state sources, such as state energy commissions or public
utility commissions, should be consulted first. Otherwise,
default data provided by the Stationary Combustion module
may be used. Fuel statistics should be provided on an
energy basis (e.g., in Btu).

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
factors for the commercial sector and view estimates; (5) enter emission factors for the
electric power sector and view estimates; (6) enter emission factors for the industrial sector
and view estimates; (7) review summary information; and (8) export data.
The general equation used to calculate ChU and N2O emissions from fuel combustion in the
residential, commercial, and electric power sectors is shown in Equation 1. The equation
used for fuels in the industrial end-use sector is similar, but includes the non-energy use of
fuels, as shown in Equation 2.
Equation 1. General Emission Equation
Emissions (MMTCO2E) =
Consumption (BBtu) x Emission Factor (MT/BBtu) x GWP
-r 1,000,000 (to yield MMTCO2E)
Equation 2. Emission Equation for the Industrial Sector
Emissions (MMTCO2E) =
[Total Consumption (BBtu) - Non-Energy Consumption (BBtu)]
x Emission Factor (MT/BBtu) x GWP
-r 1,000,000 (to yield MMTCO2E)
Step (1) Select a State
To begin, select the state you are interested in evaluating. By selecting a state, the rest of
the tool will automatically reset to reflect the appropriate state default data and
assumptions for use in subsequent steps of the tool.
Step (2) Complete the Bulk Energy Consumption Data Worksheet
The energy consumption data entered in the "Bulk Energy Consumption Data" (bulk data)
worksheet feed into the calculation worksheets for each sector. Modifying the consumption
data in this worksheet will change the consumption estimates on each sector calculation
worksheet. The default data are automatically populated in the yellow cells by sector and
fuel type for the selected state. On the bulk data worksheet, presented as an example in
Figure 4, the yellow cells indicate where the required energy activity data are entered either
manually or automatically from default data. Default data in the yellow cells on this
worksheet can be overwritten with state-specific data. To revert to default data for all
sectors and fuel types, click on the "Refresh Default Data" button at the top of the
worksheet. Energy consumption data from the C02FFC module can also be copied and
pasted directly into the input space on the bulk data worksheet to ensure identical energy
consumption inputs are used in both modules. To copy and paste values from the C02FFC
module, have both modules open and highlight the data that will be copied from the
C02FFC module. Next, elect Edit/Copy from the menu bar. In the Stationary Combustion
module, select the cell(s) where the data will be pasted into, and select Edit/Paste
Specials/Values. Click on the "Proceed to Calculation Worksheet" button to begin/continue
estimating emissions, or click on the "Return to Control" button to return to the control
worksheet to continue entering emission factors.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.8

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Figure 4. Example of the Required Energy Consumption Data in the Bulk Data
Worksheet
E3 State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module
3] File Edit Module Options
1 Default Energy Consumption in Colorado, billion btu (Bbtu)
The energy consumption data entered in the table below feeds into the calculation worksheets for each sector. Modifying the consumption data below will change the
consumption estimates on each sector calculation sheet. Energy consumption data from the C02FFC module can be copied and pasted directly into the input space
below. To modify the inputs below:
1.	Overwrite default data provided in the yellow cells with available state-specific data.
2.	To revert back to default data for all sectors and fuel types, click on the "Refresh Default Data" button below.
3.	Click on the "Proceed to Calculation Worksheet' to begin/continue estimating emissions.
Return to the
. Control Sheet

5 Sector and Fuel
6	Commercial Coal
7	Commercial Distillate Fu«
8	Cnmnwm.l kern^ne
Retresn Default Da
Proceed to Calculation Worksheet
1992
1993
1994
1,004
675
430
4,016
3,883
5,987
38
4n

Refresh Default Data
12	Commercial Residual Fuel
13	Commercial Wood
Commercial Other
Electric Power Coal
Electric Power Distillate Fuel
Electric Power Natural Gas
Electric Power Petroleum Coke
Electric Power Residual Fuel
Electric Power Wood
Electric Power Other
Industrial Asphalt and Road Oil
Industrial Aviation Gasoline Blending Components
1 Industrial Coal
Industrial Coking Coal
Industrial Crude Oil
Industrial Distillate Fuel
Industrial Feedstocks, Naphtha less than 401 F
Industrial Feedstocks, Other Oils greater than 401 F
Industrial Kerosene
Industrial LPG
Industrial Lubricants
Proceed to Ca culation
Return to Control
1,34
69,960
835
881
1,020
977
313,657
323,644
330,082
340,392
206
280
163
190
13,473
13,445
12,967
20,407
29^
230

0
M20
21,172
22,647
27,794
// (0)
1
1
35
f 15,558
14,784
16,328
18,477
Required Energy Data
3,533
1,481
4,346
1,325
4,078
1,351
4,630
1,375
4,305
1,437
327,951
163
24,085
24,689
30
15,814
4,687
1,413
25,906
39
7,923
17,078
50
15,704
186
196
850
654
69,708
63,528
59,367
60,753
1,397
1,221
1,284
1,374
345,510
356,162
352,825
376,872
222
497
412
1,106
27,936
34,736
43,107
66,799
0
0
9
46
7,811
17,816
19,610
18,560
19,072
258
289
315
271
331
393
464
441
437
389
34
30
63
35
27
4,904
5,553
4,288
1,944
11,211
1,371
1,448
1,516
1,532
1,509
¦ h \ Control \Default State Energy Data Table/ Residential N20 / Residential CH4 / Commercial N20 / Commercial CH4 / Electric Power N20 / Electric Power CH4 / Industrial N20 / Industrial CH4 / a |<
Step (3) through Step (5) Enter Emission Factors for Each Sector (Excluding
Industrial Sector) and View Emission Estimates
Control Worksheet
For each sector, you must enter the relevant emission factors on the control worksheet
before proceeding to each individual sector worksheet to view estimates. Either select the
default data provided or enter user-specified, fuel and sector-specific emission factors that
will be used throughout the tool. To proceed with the default data, select the
"Check/Uncheck AN" button for each step (residential, commercial, electric power, and
industrial) or check the default box directly to the right of individual yellow input cells. Note
that this number can be overwritten if you discover that the data for your state differ from
the default data provided by the tool. To enter user-specified inputs, enter data directly
into the yellow input cells. If the user-specific inputs do not match the default data in the
control worksheet (i.e., the default value is overwritten), the text will appear red. See
Figure 5 for locations of the "Check/Uncheck AN" buttons, individual default check boxes,
and yellow input cells. Information on emission factors is discussed below.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.9

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Figure 5. Control Worksheet for the Stationary Combustion Module
E State Inventory Tool - Stationary Combustion Module 12 10 2010.xls
| File Edit Module Options
X
TO
IK
X
State Inventory Tool - CH 4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module
3 1. Choose a State | Colorado ~^\
4 This is very important- it selects the correct default variables for your state.
5
6 2. Complete the Bulk Data Energy Consumption Worksheet
Consult User's Guide
Complete the Bulk
Data Sheet
8 3.-6. Fill In the emission factors that are used throughout the module and then proceed to the corresponding sector worksheet to input activity data.
9 Enter the emission factors in the boxes below or check the boxes to use default values i
TIT Reset All!
13 3. Residential Emission Factors
11-0 Emission Factors (metric tons 11-0
CH4 Emission Factors (metric tons CH4
gas Billion BTUl
Coal
Distillate Fuel
Kerosene
LPG
Natural Gas
Wood
Other
24 4. Commercial Emission Factois
Coal
Distillate Fuel
Kerosene
LPG
Motor Gasoline
Residual Fuel
Natural Gas
Wood
11 • Hi-
Default CH
Emission
Factors
Check/ Uncheck A
(Cfieck
for Yes)
(CAecX
for Yes)
II.-- i
II Ih4
11 II lh'J
IU lb I
D.01002
U U *i U L:
re to view
Residential energy
umption data
L JLUIN
0.00475
Required Data
Select All Defaults
LH4tn
omiiummioiiH lh
gas BBTUl
H-O
Emission
Factor Used
I mi lion
Emission
ctor Used
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[Cfieck
Factors
tor Yes)
0.01002
0.01002
0.01002
0.01002
0.01002
0.01002
00475
Individual Default
Data Check Boxes
Default N O
Emission
Factoi s
0.0015
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.00009
0.0038
NA
lljO Emission Factors (metiic toiis ii,u
gasBBTU)
Default II P
Emission
Factors
0.0015
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.00009
0.0038
< ~ n\Control/ Default State Energy Data Table / Residential N20 / Residential CH4 / Commercial N20 / Commercial CH4 / Electric Power N20 / Electric Power CH4 / In
Emission Factors
Default emission factors are provided in the Stationary Combustion module for all fuel types
and sectors and are available from IPCC (2006); however, users may choose to specify their
own. Figure 6 presents an example of the emission factors used in the commercial sector
N2O worksheet. In general, emissions of ChU and N2O will vary with the type of fuel burned,
the size and vintage of the combustion technology, the maintenance and operation of the
combustion equipment, and the type of pollution control technology used.
N2O is produced from the combustion of fuels, with the level of N2O emissions dependant on
the combustion temperature. The highest N2O emissions occur at a temperature of 1,000
degrees Kelvin. For combustion temperatures below 800 or above 1200 degrees Kelvin
(980 to 1700 degrees Fahrenheit), the N2O emissions are negligible (IPCC 1997).
CH4, carbon monoxide, and non- ChU volatile organic compounds are unburned gaseous
combustibles that are emitted in small quantities due to incomplete combustion; more of
these gases are released when combustion temperatures are relatively low. Emissions of
these gases are also influenced by technology type, size, vintage, maintenance, operation,
and emission controls. Larger, higher efficiency combustion facilities tend to reach higher
combustion temperatures and thus emit less of these gases. Emissions may range several
orders of magnitude above the average for facilities that are improperly maintained or
poorly operated, which is often the case for older units. Similarly, during start-up periods,
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.10

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
combustion efficiency is lowest, causing emissions of carbon monoxide and non- ChU volatile
organic compounds to be higher than during periods of full operation.
Individual Sector Worksheets
Navigate to the individual sector worksheets from the control worksheet using the gray
arrows to the right of the emission factors for each sector. With the exception of the
industrial sector, the worksheets for each sector have the same basic set-up. On the
residential N2O sector worksheet, shown in Figure 6, the cells in the first column indicate
where the required energy activity data were entered from the bulk data worksheet. This
activity data are converted into emissions (in units of MMTCO2E) using the emission factors
entered on the control worksheet, the energy consumption data entered on the bulk data
worksheet, and the calculation method shown in Equation 1. Note that consumption data
are entered on the bulk data worksheet and is pulled into the corresponding sector
worksheet for each sector. After entering or selecting default data on the control and bulk
data worksheets, users should review the worksheets to make sure emission factors and
activity data are properly applied. Click on the orange "Click here for the bulk data
worksheet." button to return to the energy consumption data entry worksheet. An example
of a CH4 worksheet for the electric power sector is shown in Figure 7.
The activity data used to populate the energy consumption input cells is annual state energy
consumption data based on primary fuel type (e.g., coal, petroleum, and natural gas) and
secondary fuel type (e.g., gasoline, residual oil, natural gas, etc.) by sector (e.g.,
residential, commercial, industrial, and electric utilities). A list of potential fuel types
consumed in each sector is provided in Table 1 and is included in the Stationary Combustion
module.
The Stationary Combustion module calculates emissions for each sector by multiplying
consumption by the appropriate emission factor to obtain the total ChU or N2O emissions in
metric tons. Then, the total emissions are converted into MMTCO2E, by multiplying by the
GWP (25 for CH4 or 298 for N2O)3 and dividing by 106 to express emissions in MMTCO2E
(Equation 1).
Box 3: Caution When Using Non-Default Fuel Consumption Data
If you use fuel consumption data that is different from the default data, please be aware of
double counting. For example, EIA's SEDS data for industrial coal consumption includes coal
used to make synthetic natural gas, which is accounted for in both industrial coal and natural
gas consumption data. This double-counting issue has been corrected for in the default dataset
contained in the Stationary Combustion module; similar adjustments may need to be made to
outside data sources. State-specific natural gas data can be obtained from Table 12 of EIA's
Historical Natural Gas Annual EIA (EIA 2001) and Table 8 of EIA's Natural Gas Annual EIA (EIA
2011) (and is also provided in the Stationary Combustion module).
3 The decision was made in the January 31, 2014 "Report of the Conference of the Parties
on its nineteenth session, held in Warsaw from 11 to 23 November 2013." These global
warming potential values were agreed upon by decision 24/CP.19.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.11

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Figure 6. Example of the Required Energy Data and Emission Factors Applied in
the Residential N2O Worksheet
£3 State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module
:i^| 0le Edit Module Options
2. Residential Consumption and N20 emissions in Colorado
NJD emissions from stationary combustion in the residential sector are calculated using the IPCC Tier 1 approach. Consumption
tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCC^E), and summed. For further detail on this method, please refer to the Stationary
Combustion Chapter in the User's Guide.
Residential Sector N2O
1990
Residential Sector NjO
1991
Emission Factors
Required Energy Data
Residential Sector N2O
1992
Emission Factor
GVP
Emissions
Emissions
\ Control I Default State Energy Data Table \ Residential N20/ Residential CH4 / Commercial N20 / Commercial CH4 / Electric Power N20 / Electric Power CH4 / |state Inventory Tool - <
Figure 7. Example of the Applied Data in the Electric Power CH4 Worksheet
E State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module
¦ File Edit Module Options
ttt
I
4 Electric Power Sector Consumption and CH4 emissions in California
CHt emissions from stationary combustion in the electric power sector are calculated using
the IPCC Tier 1 approach. Consumption of each fuel is multiplied by a fuel-specific CH<
emission factor. The resulting fuel emission values, in metric tons CH+, are then multiplied
by the global warming potential, converted to million metric tons of carbon equivalent
(MMTCE).thento million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTC02E), and summed.
For further detail on this method, please refer to the Stationary Chapter in the User's Guide.
< Return to the SMs
Control Sheet \ P
Return to the Ele
^ Power N-0 Sh
Electric Power Sector CHj
1990
Fuel Tgpe
Coal
Distillate Fuel
Petroleum Coke
Residual Fuel
Natural Gas
Vood
Other
Electric Po
Fuel Tjpe
Coal
Distillate Fuel
Petroleum Coke
Emissions
(metric Ions CH«)
Consumption
Emission Factor
[metric tons CH« fBBtu)
(Billion Btu)
!::vi4U
OijCnuu
0.00301
14.0^0
ri,;,n j: 01
: ;!^V4
IJ.IAIUHS
ij.iJlliiMlj
Emission Factors

(MMTCE)
(MMTCO)E)
0.000
=
0.000
0.000
=
0.000
0.000
=
0.000
0.001
=
0.003
0.004
=
0.013
0.000
=
0.001
0.000
=
0.000

0.005
=
0.018
Energy Consumption
Data
I..' iliJ-lllll|ilKtli
(Billion Btu)
	Emission 1-actor'
(metric tons CH« IBBtu)
Emissions
(metric tons CH«)
Emissions
(MMTCE)
Emissions
(MMTCQ,E)
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.12

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Step (6): Enter Emission Factors and Non-Energy Use Activity Data for the
Industrial Sector
First, complete the control worksheet and bulk data worksheet for the industrial sector, as
described above. Then use the gray navigational arrows to move to the industrial sector
worksheets. The industrial worksheets are unique because both total energy consumption
and total non-energy consumption are required as inputs in order to calculate ChU and N2O
emissions, seen in Figure 8 (non-energy input cells are shown in green). This is necessary
because most fossil fuels have at least some non-energy uses. For example, LPG is used for
production of solvents and synthetic rubber; oil is used to produce asphalt, naphthas, and
lubricants; and coal is used to produce coke, yielding crude light oil and crude tar as by-
products that are used in the chemical industry. Since these fuels are not combusted when
used for purposes such as these, their consumption should be subtracted from statistics that
include total fuel use.
The Stationary Combustion module estimates net combustible consumption by subtracting
non-energy consumption from the total consumption. From this point forward, the
industrial worksheet functions in the same manner as the other sector worksheets. The net
combustible consumption is multiplied by the appropriate emission factor for to obtain the
total CH4 or N2O emissions in metric tons. Then, the total emissions are converted into
MMTCO2E, by multiplying by the GWP (25 for ChU or 298 for N2O) and dividing by 106 to
express emissions in MMTCO2E (Equation 2). Click on the orange "Click here for the bulk
data worksheet." button to return to the energy consumption data entry worksheet.
Figure 8. Example of Energy and Non-Energy Consumption Data Applied in the
Industrial Worksheet
£3 State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module
*^1 File Edit Module Options
X
X
5. Industrial Consumption and N20 emissions in Colorado
find possible
Click here for
th" -III- -,lt-
'I-
NJ5 emissions from stationary combustion in the industrial sector are calculated using the PCC Tier 1 approach. First, non-energy consumption by fuel type is
subtracted from the energy consumption for each fuel type. The resulting energy consumption of each fuel is multiplied by a fuel-specific NJO emission factor.
The resulting fuel emission values, in metric tons N£, are then multiplied by the global warming potential, converted to million metric tons of carbon equivalent
(MMTCE), then to million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCOf), and summed. For further detail on this method, please refer to the Stationary
Chapter in the User's Guide. Click on the orange "Click here for the bulk data worksheet." button to return to the energy consumption data entry worksheet.
Note that default emission factors are available through 2008. To facilitate emission calculations for later years, the tool utilizes 2008 emission factors as
proxies for emission factors in subsequent years (2009 through 2020). Emission factors for 2009 and beyond will be updated as soon as new data become
available. For further detail on this method, refer to the Stationary Combustion Chapter in the User's Guide.
Reti
Con
1 the Industrial
:H, Sheet
Check All Boxes
Industrial Sector N2O
1990
I* Default Non-Enerqy Consumption Data?
Fuel Tjpe
Coking Coal
Other Coal
Feedstocks, Naphtha less than
Feedstocks, Other Oils greater
Motor Gasoline
Components
Misc. Petro Products
Petroleum Coke
Residual Fuel
Still Gas
Special Naphthas
Unfinished Oils
(W5)
66,493
Non-Encrgg
Consumption Emission Factor Emissions GVP
(Billion Btu) (metric tons N,Q/BBtu) (metric tonsN.O)
Required Non-Energy
Consumption Data
* Industrial Sector N2O
Industrial Sector N20
1991
1992
P Default Non-EnerqyConsumption Data?
I* Default Non-Enerqy Consumption Data?
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.13

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Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Step (7): Review Summary Information
The steps above provide estimates of total CbU arid N2O emissions by sector. These are
summed over all fuel types arid sectors, for each year, and the information is collected on
the summary worksheets. There are three summary worksheets, one for CbU, one for N2O,
and one for total emissions. Each worksheet displays results in MMTCO2E. Figure 9 shows
the summary worksheet that sums the emissions from all sectors in the Stationary
Combustion module. In addition, the results are displayed in graphical format at the bottom
of each summary worksheet.
Figure 9. Example of the Emissions Summary Worksheet in the Stationary
Combustion Module
D.State Inventory Tool (!H4 and HA) Emissions from Stationary Combustioi
] File Edit Module Options
1 Type a question for help
TT
1 r
Total Emissions Summary for California
<
Return to the
Control Sheet
Go to the lip
lissions Summary
Go to the CH 4
lissions Summary
Review discussion of uncertainty
associated with these results
sinty\_
Its/
71
MMTCOjE
1990
1991
19*2
1993
1994
1*95
1994
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007 2008 2009 2010
7]
Residential
0.602
0.628
0.647
0.506
0.486
0.478
0.494
0.340
0.326
0.336
0.344
0.328
0.330
0.348
0.359
0.262
0.244
0.262
7]
NjO
0.106
0.111
0.113
0.090
0.086
0.085
0.087
0.062
0.061
0.063
0.063
0.060
0.061
0.064
0.067
0.051
0.048
0.051
71
CH,
0.496
0.518
0.535
0.417
0.400
0.394
0.407
0.279
0.265
0.274
0.281
0.268
0.270
0.283
0.292
0.211
0.196
0.211
9
Commercial
0.113
0.116
0.111
0.100
0.099
0.103
0.099
0.087
0.088
0.082
0.084
0.085
0.083
0.085
0.084
0.068
0.065
0.069
10
N:0
0.026
0.027
0.024
0.022
0.022
0.023
0.022
0.019
0.020
0.018
0.019
0.019
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.016
0.015
0.015
11
CH,
0.086
0.089
0.087
0.078
0.077
0.080
0.077
0.068
0.068
0.064
0.065
0.067
0.065
0.067
0.066
0.052
0.051
0.053
12
Industrial
0.292
0.269
0.270
0.237
0.239
0.230
0.225
0.245
0.209
0.214
0.223
0.255
0.220
0.217
0.224
0.225
0.224
0.220
j3l
N:0
0.202
0.185
0.185
0.163
0.165
0.158
0.155
0.169
0.143
0.147
0.153
0.176
0.152
0.149
0.154
0.155
0.154
0.151
14
CH,
0.091
0.085
0.084
0.074
0.074
0.072
0.070
0.077
0.066
0.067
0.070
0.079
0.068
0.068
0.070
0.070
0.070
0.069
id
Electric Power
0.181
0.172
0.195
0.191
0.207
0.158
0.152
0.153
0.162
0.176
0.185
0.175
0.197
0.181
0.183
0.181
0.189
0.186
J6j
N»0
0.122
0.116
0.131
0.129
0.139
0.107
0.103
0.102
0.109
0.118
0.124
0.116
0.132
0.121
0.123
0.121
0.126
0.125
jt7]
CH,
0.059
0.056
0.064
0.062
0.068
0.052
0.050
0.051
0.054
0.058
0.062
0.059
0.065
0.060
0.061
0.060
0.063
0.062
18]
TOTil
1 18$
1 186
1 223
1 035
1 031
0 w
0 971
0 821
0 785
0 808
0 837
0 843
0 831
0 830
0 850
0 737
0 722
0 73<
Total Non-C02 Emissions by Sector for California
Emissions by Sector 1990-2020
—Residential —A—Commercial —»— Industrial	Electric Power
0.700
? 0.600
§ 0.500
| 0.400
S 0.300
1 0.200
rH 1 r , r. ,-r r» , e ,-g , e rE , a , n ,1-,
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ jy A* J? $
n i ~ m / Residential CH4 / Commercial N20 / Commercial CH4 / Electric Power N20 / Electric Power CH4 / Industrial N20 / Industrial CH4 J Summary N20 / Summary CH4~\Total Summary / Uncertainty / (|<
Step (8): Export Data
The final step is to export the summary data. Exporting data allows the estimates from
each module to be combined later by the Synthesis Module to produce a comprehensive
greenhouse gas inventory for the state.
To access the "Export Data" button, return to the control worksheet and scroll down to the
bottom (8). Click on the "Export Data" button and a message box will open that reminds
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.14

-------
Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
the user to make sure all sections of the module have been completed. If you make any
changes to the Stationary Combustion module later, you will then need to re-export the
results.
Clicking "OK" prompts you to save the
file. The file is already named, so you
only need to choose a convenient place
to save the file. After the file is saved, a
message box will appear indicating that
the data was successfully exported.
While completing the modules, you are
encouraged to save each completed
module; doing so will enable you to easily make changes without re-running it entirely.
Following data export, the module may be reset and run for an additional state.
Alternatively, you may run the remaining modules of the State Inventory Tool to obtain a
comprehensive profile of emissions for your state.
1.4 Uncertainty
In the upper right-hand corner of the Summary worksheets is a button: "Review discussion
of uncertainty associated with these results." By clicking on this button, you are taken to a
worksheet that discusses the uncertainty surrounding the activity data and emission factors,
and how the uncertainty estimates for this source category affect the uncertainty of the
emission estimates for your state.
1.5 References
EIA. 2016. State Energy Data 2014 Consumption. Energy Information Administration, U.S.
Department of Energy. DOE/EIA-0214(2016). Internet address:
http://www.eia.doe.Qov/emeu/states/ seds.html.
EIA. 2015. Natural Gas Annual 2013. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department
of Energy, Washington, DC. DOE/EIA-0131(10). Internet address:
http://www.eia.doe.aov/oil aas/natural aas/data publications/natural aas annual/naa.
html.
EIA. 2001. Historical Natural Gas Annual 1930-2000. Energy Information Administration,
U.S. Department of Energy. DOE/EIA-0110(00). Internet address:
http://www.eia.doe.aov/oil aas/natural aas/data publications/historical natural aas a
nnual/hnaa.html.
IPCC. 2006. IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. The National
Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, H.S. Eggleston, L. Buendia, K. Miwa, T. Ngara,
and K. Tanabe, eds.; Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES). Hayama,
Kanagawa,Japan.
IPCC. 1997. IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, 3 volumes: Vol. 1,
Reporting Instructions; Vol. 2, Workbook; Vol. 3, Draft Reference Manual.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
1.15
Note: the resulting export file should not be
modified. The export file contains a summary
worksheet that allows users to view the results, as well as
a separate data worksheet with an unformatted version of
the results. The second worksheet, the data worksheet,
contains the information that is exported to the Synthesis
Tool. Users may not modify that worksheet.
Adding/removing rows, moving data, or making other
modifications jeopardize the ability of the Synthesis
Module to accurately analyze the data.

-------
Module 2 -Stationary Combustion Module
January 2017
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Organization for Economic Co-Operation
and Development. Paris, France.
U.S. EPA. 2016. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 - 2014.
Office of Atmospheric Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-15-
002. Internet address: https://www.epa.aov/ahaemissions/inventorv-us-areenhouse-
aas-emissions-and-sinks-1990-2014.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module
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