SEPA Site Activities Update
United States		
Agency"16"18'Pr0t8Ctl0n Homestake Mining Company Site, New Mexico	August 2014
This Fact Sheet will tell you about:
•	Human Health Risk Assessment Update
•	Other EPA Activities at the Site
•	Where to get more information
HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT UPDATE
WHAT IS THE STATUS OF THE FINAL HUMAN
HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT?
EPA completed a preliminary draft Human Health Risk
Assessment Report in March 2013 and a final draft report
in June 2013. Through September 2013, the EPA received
179 significant comments from various stakeholders. The
final draft Human Health Risk Assessment Report and the
comments received are on the EPA website at
http://www.epa.gov/region6/6sf/new-
mexico/homestake mining/index.html. EPA has addressed
all the comments and has posted the responses on the web-
site. Currently, the EPA is in the process of incorporating
appropriate comments in the Draft Report. A
Final Report is planned for October 2014.
WHAT DOES THE DRAFT HUMAN HEALTH RISK
ASSESSMENT TELL US?
The following are the findings from the draft final EPA
human health risk assessment:
1.	The indoor radon gas levels at the five subdivisions
were similar to the levels seen in the indoor radon
background location.
2.	Risk from outdoor radon gas was slightly higher at the
five subdivisions than in the background area. Com-
pared to indoor radon, the risk from outdoor radon is
less. Risk from inhalation of radon gas is inherently
high in the background air.
3.	The excess cancer risk from direct and indirect expo-
sure to soil (ingestion, inhalation, external and produce
ingestion), excluding background, was within EPA ac-
ceptable risk range.
4.	If you are involved in raising cattle or poultry for do-
mestic uses, the increase in excess cancer risk from in-
direct exposure to soil (i.e. ingestion of meat, ingestion
of milk, ingestion of poultry and eggs) is within EPA
acceptable risk range, except for ingestion of milk,
which is slightly above the upper end of the risk range.
5.	If you use well water for domestic consumption, the
cancer risk is well above EPA acceptable risk range.
Risk from site related contaminants in ground water
were not delineated in this risk assessment. All resi-
dences of the five subdivisions have been connected to
the Milan municipal water supply system, a response
action taken to abate risks from exposure to contami-
nants in ground water.
HOW WAS THE HUMAN HEALTH RISK
ASSESSMENT DEVELOPED?
EPA looked at ways people might be exposed to con-
taminants both from site and background sources from
the following exposure scenarios:
•	Radon from both indoor and outdoor sources
•	Direct radiation from soil and dust
•	Soil contamination around homes
•	Contamination from consumption of produce in
home gardens
•	Consumption of milk and beef from animals lo-
cally raised and fed.
For each scenario, EPA estimated how much of each
contaminant a person might be exposed to (the dose).
Scientific information relating chemicals to health ef-
fects (toxicity information) was combined with the
dose to estimate the risk that peoples' health might be
affected. The risks for individual contaminants were
added together to show the total risk from exposure to
contamination in the neighborhood.
Methods used to calculate risk were designed to over-
estimate an 'average' person's risk and are based on
very conservative assumptions.
HOW WAS THE LOCAL COMMUNITY
INVOLVED IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT?
Members of the Bluewater Valley Downstream Alli-
ance (BVDA) were involved in providing input
throughout the process. The community actively as-
sisted EPA in selecting a background location for ra-
don in Bluewater Village and provided access for
sampling on private properties. The local community
provided historical information and exposure scenarios
to EPA. During the conduct of the risk assessment, the
community was provided access to Technical Assis-
tance Services for Communities (TASC). The TASC
program provides technical assistance through a con-
tractor to review technical documents and help prepare
comments.

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WHAT DID EPA SAMPLE DURING THE RISK
ASSESSMENT?
Radon Sampling
EPA began a year-long radon sampling effort in Sep-
tember 2010 and completed it in November 2011. Four
quarters of sampling were completed in homes, both
indoors and outdoors, in the five subdivisions south of
the Homestake site, and in Bluewater Village. In addi-
tion, radon sampling was conducted at various loca-
tions on Homestake's property and north of the large
tailings pile. During the year-long sampling effort, the
EPA collected over 1500 radon samples.
Radiation Scanning and Structures
Assessment
By June 2011, EPA completed radiation scanning at
90 properties in the subdivisions south of the
Homestake site. Gamma radiation scanning was con-
ducted around each home up to a maximum of one
acre surface area throughout the yard. Composite soil
samples were collected from each property for radio-
logical and non-radiological analysis. Subsequently,
assessment of the structures was conducted at 78
homes that met the EPA criteria for indoor assessment
for this project.
Soil Sampling
A total of 744 soil samples were collected from private
properties at various locations on Homestake's prop-
erty, including the irrigation areas. Soil samples were
collected in an area south of the residences to evaluate
background conditions.
Water Sampling
EPA collected a total of 26 water samples from private
properties as well as from the evaporation pond at the
Homestake site. Water samples were collected from
animal feed tanks and garden hose discharge locations.
Vegetation Sampling
A total of 10 samples of vegetables were collected
from various gardens in the subdivisions.
Environmental Radiation Ground Scanning
Survey
The Environmental Radiation Ground Scanning
(ERGS) System, a large tractor mounted gamma scan-
ner was used on an estimated 250 acres of land in or-
der to identify those areas with readings that exceeded
the background radiation. The scanning was primarily
conducted on Homestake's property south of the large
tailings pile and irrigation areas.
WHAT ACTIONS HAS EPA TAKEN SO FAR TO
PROTECT HUMAN HEALTH?
Indoor Radon
EPA has installed radon mitigation systems in 9 homes
that exceeded the EPA guidance for indoor radon level
of 4 pico curies per liter (pCi/L). The source of high
radon levels in these homes has not been identified
with any specific source. The action was taken to pro-
tect human health from high radon levels indoors.
Removal of Soil/Debris
EPA is preparing to take removal action at 19 proper-
ties identified as containing radiological contaminated
soil/debris unrelated to the Homestake site.
Outdoor Radon
The slightly elevated outdoor radon level at the site
compared to the background does not pose an immi-
nent risk to public health. EPA believes outdoor radon
levels will likely drop to background levels once the
final radon barrier is constructed on the large tailings
pile when reclamation is complete at the Homestake
site.
WHAT ARE THE UPCOMING REMEDIATION
ACTIVITIES AT THE HOMESTAKE SITE?
Pending regulatory approval, Homestake is currently
preparing to implement additional groundwater treat-
ment systems to increase treatment capacity. Some of
the planned activities are:
Zeolite-Based Uranium Water Treatment System
Homestake is in the process of designing a 1200 gallon
per minute (gpm) capacity zeolite-based uranium wa-
ter treatment system at the site. The proposed 1200
gpm system is designed to supplement the existing 300
gpm pilot treatment system currently being operated at
the site and is intended to treat in the impacted plumes
wherein uranium is the main constituent of concern
(COC). Together, the total treatment capacity of the
systems is expected to be able to treat at a rate of up to
1500 gpm. Homestake expects to begin construction of
the zeolite-based system on top of the large tailings
pile in August 2014 and commission by second quarter
of2015.
Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment System
Homestake currently has a 600 gpm capacity Reverse
Osmosis (RO) groundwater treatment system. Due to
operational issues the system is not running at fully ca-
pacity. Homestake is upgrading the current system to
utilize the full capacity and build an additional 600
gpm system. This will allow Homestake to treat 1200
gpm of groundwater by the RO system.

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OTHER EPA ACTIVITIES A T THE SITE
EPA is currently reviewing historic information re-
lated to the cleanup being conducted at the Homestake
site under the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's
(NRC's) authority for license termination. EPA is
conducting this review to determine if the NRC-di-
rected clean up would meet EPA's requirements for
protectiveness under the Superfund law and allow
EPA to delist the site from the National Priorities List
(NPL) of Superfund sites once the cleanup is com-
plete. In order to assess if the Superfund requirements
are met, EPA plans to determine if the investigation,
analysis, and cleanup is functionally equivalent to the
Superfund remedial investigation and feasibility
(RI/FS) process that is performed to support EPA deci-
sion-making on site remedies. Performing this process
will, among other things, allow EPA to determine if
the remedy is protective of human health and the envi-
ronment and identify all requirements that would have
to be met to satisfy the Superfund law and regulations.
If the work performed to date achieves RI/FS equiva-
lency, EPA will issue a Record of Decision (ROD) un-
der its Superfund authority for the existing remedy at
the site. If the work does not achieve RI/FS equiva-
lency, EPA intends to have additional RI/FS work per-
formed to achieve equivalency before issuing the ROD
on the existing remedy or any other cleanup deemed
necessary to meet Superfund requirements. EPA will
keep the community informed about the progress of
this RI/FS equivalency assessment process and request
public comments once the evaluation is complete and
before a ROD is issued.
WHERE TO GET MORE INFORMATION
Sai Appaji
Remedial Project Manager
U.S. EPA Region 6 (6SF-RL)
Tel: 214.665.3126, Fax: 214.665.6660
appai i. sairam@epa. gov
Stephen Harper
Community Involvement Coordinator/SEE
U.S. EPA Region 6 (6SF-VO)
Tel: 214.665.2727 or 1.800.533.3508 (toll free)
Fax: 214.665.6660
harper.stephen@epa.gov
Joy Campbell
Community Involvement - Team Leader
U.S. EPA Region 6 (6SF-VO)
Tel: 214.665.8036 or 1.800.533.3508 (toll free)
campbell ,i ov@epa.gov
Angelo Ortelli
Ground Water Quality Bureau
Superfund Oversight Section
New Mexico Environment Department
Tel: 505.476.2866, Fax: 505.827.2965
Site Repository
New Mexico State University at Grants
Campus Library
1500 Third Street
Grants, NM 87020
505.287.6639
For press inquiries, please call, EPA Press Office, at
214.665.2200.
On the Web:
You can find more information about the Region 6 Su-
perfund program on EPA's Region 6 website:
http://www.epa.gov/region6/6sf/6sf.htm. Specific in-
formation about the Homestake site is available at
http://www.epa.gov/region6/6sf/new-
mexico/home stake mining/index .html
Call U.S. EPA at 1.800.533.3508 to receive a Spanish
translation of this fact sheet.
Para recibir una traduction en espanol de esta hoja de
datos, comunicarse con la Agencia de Protection del
Medio Ambiente de los EEUU (la EPA) al numero de
telefono 1.800.533.3508 (llamadagratis).
Mark Purcell
Remedial Project Manager
U.S. EPA Region 6 (6SF-TR)
Tel: 214.665.6707
purcell.mark@epa.gov

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