User's Guide for Estimating
Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous
Oxide, HFC, PFC, and SF6
Emissions from Industrial
Processes Using the State
Inventory Tool
January 2017
Prepared by:
ICF
Prepared for:
State Climate and Energy Program,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
This section of the User's Guide provides instruction on using the Industrial Processes (IP)
module of the State Inventory Tool (SIT), and describes the methodology used for
estimating carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), HFC, PFC, and SF6 emissions from
industrial processes at the state level.
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Table of Contents
1.1 Getting Started 2
1.2 Module Overview 3
1.2.1 Data Requirements 4
1.2.2 Tool Layout 5
1.3 Methodology 6
1.4 Uncertainty 25
1.5 References 25
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
1.1 Getting Started
The Industrial Processes (IP) module of the State Inventory Tool (SIT) was developed using
Microsoft® Excel 2000. While the module will operate with older versions of Excel, it
functions best with Excel 2000 or later. If you are using Excel 2007, instructions for opening
the module will vary as outlined in the instructions below. Some of the Excel basics are
outlined in the sections below. Before you use the IP module, make sure your computer
meets the system requirements. In order to install and run the IP module, you must have:
• IBM-PC compatible computer with the Windows 95 operating system or later;
• Microsoft® Excel 1997 or later, with calculation set to automatic and macros
enabled;
• Hard drive with at least 20MB free; and
• Monitor display setting of 800 x 600 or greater.
Microsoft Excel Settings
Excel 2003 and Earlier: For the SIT modules to function properly, Excel must be set to
automatic calculation. To check this setting, launch Microsoft Excel before opening the IP
module. Go to the Tools menu and select "Options..." Click on the "Calculations" tab and
make sure that the radio button next to "Automatic" is selected, and then click on "OK" to
close the window. The security settings (discussed next) can also be adjusted at this time.
Excel 2007: For the SIT modules to function properly, Excel must be set to automatic
calculation. Go to the Formulas ribbon and select "Calculation Options." Make sure that the
box next to the "Automatic" option is checked from the pop-up menu.
Microsoft Excel Security
Excel 2003 and Earlier: Since the SIT employs macros, you must have Excel security set
to medium (recommended) or low (not recommended). To change this setting, launch
Microsoft Excel before opening the IP module. Once in Excel, go to the Tools menu, click on
the Macro sub-menu, and then select "Security" (see Figure 1). The Security pop-up box
will appear. Click on the "Security Level" tab and select medium. When set to high, macros
are automatically disabled; when set to medium, Excel will give you the choice to enable
macros; when set to low, macros are always enabled.
When Excel security is set to medium, users are asked upon opening the module whether to
enable macros. Macros must be enabled in order for the IP module to work. Once they are
enabled, the module will open to the control worksheet. A message box will appear
welcoming the user to the module. Clicking on the "x" in the upper-right-hand corner of the
message box will close it.
Excel 2007: If Excel's security settings are set at the default level a Security Warning
appears above the formula box in Excel when the IP module is initially opened. The Security
Warning lets the user know that some active content from the spreadsheet has been
disabled, meaning that Excel has prevented the macros in the spreadsheet from functioning.
Since SIT needs macros in order to function properly, the user must click the "Options"
button in the security message and then select, "Enable this content" in the pop-up box.
Enabling the macro content for the SIT in this way only enables macros temporarily in Excel
but does not change the macro security settings. Once macros are enabled, a message box
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
will appear welcoming the user to module. Click on the "x" in the upper right-hand corner
to close the message box.
If the Security Warning does not appear when the module is first opened, it may be
necessary to change the security settings for macros. To change the setting, first exit out
of the IP module and re-launch Microsoft Excel before opening the IP module. Next, click on
the Microsoft Excel icon in the top left of the screen. Scroll to the bottom of the menu and
select the "Excel Options" button to the right of the main menu. When the Excel Options box
appears, select "Trust Center" in left hand menu of the box. Next, click the gray "Trust
Center Settings" button. When the Trust Center options box appears, click "Macro Settings"
in the left hand menu and select "Disable all macros with notification." Once the security
level has been adjusted, open the IP module and enable macros in the manner described in
the preceding paragraph.
Viewing and Printing Data and Results
The IP module contains some features to allow users to adjust the screen view and the
appearance of the worksheets when they are printed. Once a module has been opened, you
can adjust the zoom by going to the Module Options Menu, and either typing in a zoom
percentage or selecting one from the drop down menu. In addition, data may not all appear
on a single screen within each worksheet; if not, you may need to scroll up or down to view
additional information.
You may also adjust the print margins of the worksheets to ensure that desired portions of
the IP module are printed. To do so, go to the File menu, and then select "Print Preview."
Click on "Page Break Preview" and drag the blue lines to the desired positions (see Figure
2). To print this view, go to the File menu, and click "Print." To return to the normal view,
go to the File menu, click "Print Preview," and then click "Normal View."
Figure 1. Changing Security Settings
Print Margins
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1.2 Module Overview
This User's Guide accompanies and explains the Industrial Processes module of the SIT.
The SIT was developed in conjunction with EPA's Emissions Inventory Improvement
Program (EIIP). Prior to the development of the SIT, EPA developed the States Workbook
for estimating greenhouse gas emissions. In 1998, EPA revisited the States Workbook and
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
expanded it to follow the format of EIIP guidance documents for criteria air pollutants. The
result was a comprehensive, stepwise approach to estimating greenhouse gas emissions at
the state level. This detailed methodology was appreciated by states with the capacity to
devote considerable time and resources to the development of emission inventories. For
other states, the EIIP guidance was overwhelming and impractical for them to follow from
scratch. EPA recognized the resource constraints facing the states and developed the SIT.
The ten modules of the SIT corresponded to the EIIP chapters and attempted to automate
the steps states would need to take in developing their own emission estimates in a manner
that was consistent with prevailing national and state guidelines.
Since most state inventories developed today rely heavily on the tools, User's Guides have
been developed for each of the SIT modules. These User's Guides contain the most up-to-
date methodologies that are, for the most part, consistent with the Inventory of U.S.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks. Volume VIII of the EIIP guidance is a historical
document that was last updated in August 2004, and while these documents can be a
valuable reference, they contain outdated emissions factors and in some cases outdated
methodologies. States can refer to Volume VIII of the EIIP guidance documents if they are
interested in obtaining additional information not found in the SIT or the companion User's
Guide.
The IP module calculates carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbon
(HFC), perfluorocarbon (PFC), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) emissions from the IP sectors
shown in Table 1. While the module provides default data for each sector (depending on
availability), if you have access to a more comprehensive data source, it should be used in
place of the default data. If using outside data sources, or for a more thorough
understanding of the tool, please refer to the following discussion for data requirements and
methodology.
1.2.1 Data Requirements
To calculate CO2, N2O, and HFC, PFC, and SF6 emissions from IP, general activity data on
various IP sectors are required. A complete list of the activity data and emission factors
necessary to run the IP module is provided in Table 1.
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
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Table 1. IP Sectors, Data Requirements, and Gases Emitted
Module Worksheet
Data Required
Gas(es)
Cement Production
Emission factors and production data for
clinker and cement kiln dust (CKD)
Lime Manufacture
Emission factors and production data for
high-calcium lime, and dolomitic lime
Limestone and Dolomite Use
Emission factors and consumption data
for limestone, dolomite, and magnesium
produced from dolomite
Soda Ash Manufacture and Consumption
Emission factors and consumption data
for manufacture and consumption of
soda ash
CO2
Iron and Steel Production
Emission factors and production data for
Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) at
Integrated Mill with Coke Ovens, Basic
Oxygen Furnace (BOF) at Integrated Mill
without Coke Ovens, Electric Arc Furnace
(EAF), and Open Hearth Furnace (OHF)
Ammonia Manufacture
Emission factors and production and
consumption data for ammonia
production, and urea consumption
Nitric Acid Production
Emission factor, production data, and
Percent N2O Released after Pollution
Control for nitric acid production
N2O
Adipic Acid Production
Emission factor, production data, and
Percent N2O Released after Pollution
Control for adipic acid production
Aluminum Production
Emission factor and production data for
aluminum production
HCFC-22 Production
Emission factor and production data for
HCFC-22 production
Consumption of Substitutes for Ozone-
Depleting Substances (ODS)
No input data required*
HFC, PFC and
SFe
Semiconductor Manufacture
No input data required*
Electric Power Transmission and
Distribution
Emission factor and SF6 consumption
data for electric power transmission and
distribution
Magnesium Production and Processing
Emission factor and consumption data
for primary production, secondary
production, and casting
* According to the most recent inventory guidance, emissions of HFCs, PFCs, and SF6 from ODS
substitutes and semiconductor production can be estimated by apportioning national emissions to
each state based on population. Because this tool apportions national emissions based on state
population, the emission factors and activity data for these sources are not required.
1.2.2 Tool Layout
Since there are multiple steps to complete within the IP module, it is important to have an
understanding of the module's overall design. The layout of the IP module is presented in
Figure 3.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Figure 3. Flow of Information in the IP Module*
Control Worksheet
Individual Sector Worksheets
1. Select a State
2. Enter Estimates from GHGRP
—> 2
. Enter Emission Estimates from EPA's GHGRP
3. -16. Enter emission factors and activity data for: Enter Activity Data for the following sectors:
Cement Production ^
/ 3. Cement Production
Lime Manufacture
4. Lime Manufacture
Limestone and Dolomite Use
5. Limestone and Dolomite Use
Soda Ash Manufacture and Consumption
6. Soda Ash Manufacture and Consumption
Iron and Steel Production
7. Iron and Steel Production
Ammonia Manufacture
8. Ammonia Manufacture
Nitric Acid Production
9. Nitric Acid Production
Adipic Acid Production
/ * \ 10. Adipic Acid Production
Aluminum Production
11 Aluminum Production
HCFC-22 Production
12. HCFC-22 Production
Ozone Depleting Substances
13. Ozone Depleting Substances
Semiconductor Manufacture
14. Semiconductor Manufacture
Electric Power Transmission and Distribution
15. Electric Power Transmission and Distribution
Magnesium Production and Processing J
Vj6. Magnesium Production and Processing
17. View Summary Data
> Summary Data
18. Export Data
j- Presented in both table and graphical formats in MMTCO2E
Uncertainty
Review information on uncertainty associated with the default data
* According to the most recent inventory guidance, emissions of HFCs, PFCs, and SF6 from ODS
substitutes and semiconductor production can be estimated by apportioning national emissions to
each state based on population. Because this tool apportions national emissions based on state
population, no emission factors need to be entered for these sources.
1.3 Methodology
This section provides a guide to using the IP module of the SIT to estimate CO2, N2O, and
HFC, PFC, and SF6 emissions from IP. The sectors included in the IP module are cement
production, lime manufacture, limestone and dolomite use, soda ash manufacture and
consumption, iron and steel production, ammonia manufacture, nitric and adipic acid
production, aluminum production, HCFC-22 production, consumption of substitutes for
ozone depleting substances, semiconductor manufacture, electric power transmission and
distribution, and magnesium production and processing. Since the methodology varies by
sector, they are discussed separately and specific examples for each sector are provided.
The IP module follows the general methodology outlined in Chapter 6 of the Emissions
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) guidance, however because of the automation of
the calculations within the tool, the order of steps discussed in this guide do not always
follow the order of steps discussed within the EIIP guidance document.
This User's Guide provides an overview of the estimation methodology used in the IP
module by walking through the following steps: (1) select a state; (2) enter available data
aggregated for EPA's Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule; (3) enter emission factors and
activity data for cement production; (4) enter emission factors and activity data for lime
manufacture; (5) enter emission factors and activity data for limestone and dolomite use;
(6) enter emission factors and activity data for soda ash manufacture and consumption; (7)
enter emission factors and activity data for iron and steel production; (8) enter emission
factors and activity data for ammonia manufacture; (9) enter emission factors and activity
data for nitric acid production; (10) enter emission factors and activity data for adipic acid
production; (11) enter emission factors and activity data for aluminum production; (12)
enter emission factors and activity data for HCFC-22 production; (13) review sector
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
worksheet for consumption of substitutes for ozone depleting substances; (14) review
sector worksheet for semiconductor manufacture; (15) enter emission factors and activity
data for electric power transmission and distribution; (16) complete control and sector
worksheets for magnesium production and processing; (17) review summary information;
and (18) export data. The general equations used to calculate CO2, N2O, and HFC, PFC, and
SFe emissions from IP are shown in the discussion of each specific sector.
Step (1) Select a State
To begin, select the state you are interested in evaluating. By selecting a state, the rest of
the tool will automatically reset to reflect the appropriate state default data and
assumptions for use in subsequent steps of the tool.
Step (2) Enter Emission Estimates for Facilities Reporting to EPA's Greenhouse
Gas Reporting Rule
Beginning in 2010, many facilities were required to monitor, calculate and report their
greenhouse gas emissions to EPA through its Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP).
Under the program, EPA obtained data for 2010 emissions from facilities based on use of
higher tier methods. For some of the source categories, all of the facilities that have that
particular source category within their boundaries will be subject to the rule. For these
facilities, EPA's analysis indicated that all or nearly all facilities within that source category
emit more than 25,000 mtCCtee per year, and that an "all in" would simplify their
applicability determination. The sources included in the IP module that have been
determined "all in" under the rule are listed on the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule
worksheet. If available, the data entered in the yellow cells of this worksheet should
represent the total state emissions for the source categories beginning in 2010 (e.g., the
reported facility data should be summed).
To obtain GHGRP data for your state:
1) Go to http://ahadata.epa.aov/ahaD/main.do
2) Select your state
3) At the bottom of the webpage (under the map), only check chemicals, metals, and
minerals sectors.
4) Within each of these categories, hover over the gear to the right for each, and only
check the industries that apply below.
5) Select "APPLY"
6) View applicable facilities and emissions for your state, and record the estimates in
the yellow cells on the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule data input worksheet.
Step (3) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Cement Production
Control Worksheet
The second step for the control worksheet is to either select the default data provided or to
enter user-specified data that will be used throughout the tool. To proceed with the default
data, select the "Clear/Select AN" button for each sector on the control worksheet or check
the individual default box directly to the right of specific yellow input cells. See Figure 4 for
locations of the "Clear/Select AN" buttons, individual default check boxes, and yellow input
cells. Note that this number can be overwritten if you later discover that the data for your
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
state differ from the default data provided by the tool. To enter user-specified inputs, enter
data directly into the yellow input cells. If the user-specific inputs do not match the default
data in the control worksheet (i.e., the default value is overwritten), the text will appear
red. Information requirements on the control worksheet for each sector are discussed
separately below.
Figure 4. Control Worksheet for the IP Module
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The first type of required data in the control worksheet is emission factors for clinker, and
cement kiln dust used in cement production. CO?, emissions from cement production consist
of emissions produced during the cement clinker production processes, and are in units of
metric tons of CO2 released per metric ton of clinker or cement kiln dust produced.
Emissions from the production of masonry cement are accounted for in Lime emissions
estimates.
Cement Production Sector Worksheet
The activity data required to populate the blue cells in the cement production worksheet are
metric tons of clinker produced annually, as shown in Figure 5. Select "Check All Boxes" if
you would like to use default data provided in the IP module. Activity data for cement
production by state is available from USGS 2013e. CO2 is created when calcium carbonate
(CaCCb) is heated in a cement kiln to form lime (calcium oxide or CaO) and CO2. This
process is known as calcination or calcining.
Cement clinker emissions are calculated by multiplying the clinker production quantity by
the emission factor entered on the control worksheet, and adding the product to the
emissions from cement kiln dust (a by-product of cement clinker production). The emissions
are then converted from metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric tons of carbon
dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E). Equation 1 shows this calculation for CO2 emissions from
cement production.
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Equation 1. Emission Equation for Cement Production
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Production (metric tons) x Emission Factor (t C02/t production) + Emissions
from Cement Kiln Dust (Metric tons CO2)
Figure 5. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Cement Production Worksheet
IE State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module |^~]|^"|fS<||
¦ File Edit Module Options
2. Cement Production in Colorado
Select All Defaults
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Required Data
Input Cells
Emission Factors
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\ Control \Cement / Lime / Limestone / Soda Ash / Iron & Steel / Ammonia & Urea / Nitric / Adipic / Aluminum / HCFC-22 / OPS / Semiconductor / Electric Power / Ma | <
Step (4) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Lime Manufacture
Control Worksheet
The emission factors for high-calcium lime and dolomitic lime manufacture are the next
required inputs on the control worksheet. Lime is manufactured by heating limestone
(mostly CaC03) in a kiln, creating CaO and CO2. The IP module estimates these CO2
emissions from two types of lime: high-calcium lime and dolomitic lime production.
Lime Manufacture Sector Worksheet
Production data for high-calcium dolomite and dolomitic lime, and the amount of these used
in sugar refining and precipitated calcium carbonate are required inputs in the blue cells of
the lime manufacture worksheet as shown in Figure 6. Activity data for lime manufacture
by state is available from USGS 2015a.
Before entering the production of high-calcium and dolomitic lime, you must correct for the
water content of hydrated lime. The water content can be assumed to be 24.3 percent for
high-calcium hydrated lime and 27.3 percent for dolomitic lime. To correct for the water
content of hydrated lime, multiply the production data for high-calcium hydrated lime and
dolomitic hydrated lime by their respective percentages of dry lime to find the corrected
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
production numbers for both varieties of hydrated lime. An example of this correction for
high-calcium lime is shown in Equation 2.
Equation 2. Example Calculation for Hydrated Lime Correction
Corrected Lime Content of High-Calcium Hydrated Lime (metric tons) =
High-Calcium Hydrated Lime Production (metric tons) x (1 - 0.24 metric tons water/metric
ton high-calcium hydrated lime)
To calculate emissions from this source, the production quantity of each lime type is
multiplied by its respective emission factor from the control worksheet. Because lime used
in sugar refining and precipitated calcium carbonate production results in the reabsorbtion
of atmospheric CO2, carbon absorbed from these uses is subtracted from gross emissions.
The emissions are then converted from metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric
tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E). Equation 3 shows this calculation for CO2
emissions from cement production.
Equation 3. Emission Equation for Lime Manufacture
Emissions (MTCO2E) = [Production (metric tons) - Sugar Refining and Precipitated Calcium
Carbonate Production (metric tons) x CO2 Reabsorbtion Factor (80%)] x Emission Factor
(MT CO2/MT production)
Figure 6. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Lime Manufacture Worksheet
C] State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module [ — || r? || X j
: 31 File Edit Module Options
Type a question for help
3. Lime Manufacture in Colorado
R Default Prod!
SO*1 * 1 075001
Required Data
Input Cells
/ Limestone / Soda Ash / Iron & Steel / Ammonia & Urea / Nitric / Adipic / Aluminum / HCFC-22 / OPS / Semii I <
~1 \ Control / Cement
Step (5) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Limestone and Dolomite
Use
Control Worksheet
The next inputs on the control worksheet are emission factors for limestone and dolomite
use, and magnesium produced from dolomite. Limestone (CaCCb) and dolomite
(CaMg(CC>3)2) are basic raw materials used by a wide variety of industries, including the
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
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construction, agriculture, chemical, glass manufacturing, environmental pollution control,
and metallurgical industries such as magnesium (Mg) production.
Limestone and Dolomite Use Sector Worksheet
Production data for limestone and dolomite use, and magnesium production from dolomite
are required as inputs in the blue cells of the limestone and dolomite worksheet as
displayed in Figure 7. As an example, CO2 is emitted as a by-product from the reaction of
limestone or dolomite with impurities in the iron ore and fuels heated in a blast furnace.
Activity data for limestone and dolomite use by state is available from USGS 2015b.
The quantities of limestone consumed for industrial purposes, dolomite consumed for
industrial purposes, and magnesium produced from dolomite are multiplied by their
respective emission factors. The emissions are then converted from metric tons of carbon
equivalents (MTCE) to metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E). For default
data, each state's total limestone consumption (as reported by USGS) is multiplied by the
ratio of national limestone consumption for industrial uses to total National limestone
consumption. Equation 4 shows this calculation for CO2 emissions from limestone and
dolomite use.
Equation 4. Emission Equation for Limestone and Dolomite Use
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Consumption (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT CO2/MT production)
Figure 7. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Limestone and Dolomite Use
Worksheet
E State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
File Edit Module Options
Type a question for help
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4. Limestone and Dolomite Use in Colorado
Click here to find
where these data
are avai lable.
Emissions from limestone and dolomite use result from industrial consumption. The quantities of limestone
consumed for industrial purposes, dolomite consumed for industrial purposes, and magnesium produced from
dolomite are multiplied by their respective emission factors. Industrial uses include the consumption of
limestone and dolomite for flux stone production, glass manufacturing, flue gas desulfurization (FGD), Mg
production through the thermic reduction of dolomite, chemical stone manufacturing, mine dusting or acid water
treatment, acid neutralization, and sugar refining. The emissions are then converted from metric tons of carbon
equivalents (MTCE) to metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO-E). For default data, each state's total
limestone consumption (as reported by USGS) is multiplied by the ratio of national limestone consumption for
industrial uses to total national limestone consumption. Additional information on these calculations, including a
definition of industrial uses, is available in the Industrial Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
<
Return to
.Control Sheet
Check All Boxes
Consumption
Emission Factor
(t COift production)
Emissions
Emissions
1990 Limestone
Dolomite
Magesium Production from Dolomite
1991 Limestone
Dolomite
Magesium Production from Dolomite
1992 Limestone
Dolomite
Magesium Production from Dolomite
Data?
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Required Data
Input Cells
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auIt Production Data?
Step (6)
Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Soda Ash Manufacture
and Consumption
Control Worksheet
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.11
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Soda ash manufacture and consumption emission factors are required inputs on the control
worksheet in order to calculate emissions from this source. Although only three states
produced soda ash at the time of publication (Wyoming, California, and Colorado), all states
consumed it. Thus, all states should estimate CO2 emissions from soda ash consumption.
Soda Ash Manufacture and Consumption Sector Worksheet
Production data for the manufacture and consumption of soda ash are required as inputs in
the blue cells of the soda ash manufacture worksheet as shown in Figure 8. Under the soda
ash production method used in some states, trona (an ore from which natural soda ash is
made) is calcined in a rotary kiln and chemically transformed into a crude soda ash that
requires further processing. CO2 and water are generated as a by-product of the calcination
process. CO2 is also released when soda ash is consumed in products such as glass, soap,
and detergents. Activity data for soda ash manufacture and consumption by state is
available from USGS 2015c.
Emissions from soda ash manufacture and consumption are calculated by multiplying the
quantity of soda ash manufactured (Wyoming only) and the quantity of soda ash consumed
by their respective emission factors. The emissions are then converted from metric tons of
carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E) as shown
in Equation 5.
Equation 5. Emission Equation for Soda Ash Manufacture and Consumption
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Manufacture/Consumption (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT CO2/MT
production)
Figure 8. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Soda Ash Manufacture and
Consumption Worksheet
E3 State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
File Edit Module Options
Type a question for help ~ _ i5 X
B
C
If
XK
1L
Q
5. Soda Ash Manufacture and Consumption in Colorado
Click here to find where
fhese data are avai lable
Emissions from soda ash manufacture and consumption are calculated by multiplying the
quantity of soda ash manufactured (Wyoming only) and the quantity of soda ash
consumed by their respective emission factors. The emissions are then converted from
metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents
(MTCCuE). Additional information on these calculations is available in the Industrial
Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
0
Return to
^Control Sheet
Manufacture and Consumption
(Metric Tons)
Emission Factor
(t COzJt production)
Emissions
(MTCE)
Emissions
(MTCOiE)
I* Default
Production Data?
I* Default
Consumption
35,890
Consumption Data?
Defaut
Production Data?
Manufacture
0.097 4
R Default
Uorisumiptiori
Consumption Data?
Required Data
Input Cells
I* Default
Production Data?
W Default
:;0744
Consumption Data?
Manufacture
Consumption
16
19*3
Manufacture
0.0974
17
Consumption
ft:
0.4150
9,818
36,001
Default Production Data?
Default Consumption Data?
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.12
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Step (7) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Iron and Steel
Production
Control Worksheet
Emission factors for the following iron and steel production processes are required as inputs
on the control worksheet: Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) at Integrated Mill with Coke Ovens,
Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) at Integrated Mill without Coke Ovens, Electric Arc Furnace
(EAF), and open hearth furnace (OHF). In addition to being an energy intensive process,
the production of iron and steel also generates process-related emissions of CO2. It is
strongly advised that users enter state-specific information, as default data are based on
national averages and are not available for all years.
Iron and Steel Production Sector Worksheet
Activity data for the production of iron and steel are required as inputs in the blue cells of
the iron and steel worksheet displayed in Figure 9. The basic activity data needed are the
quantities of crude steel produced (defined as first cast product suitable for sale or further
processing) by production method. It is strongly advised that users enter state-specific
information, as default data are based on national averages, are not available for all years,
and are likely to be inaccurate for states. The national data are provided by the American
Iron and Steel (AISI) Annual Statistics Report 2009 (AISI 2011).
Emissions from iron and steel production are based on the state-level production data
assigned to production method based on the national distribution of production by method.
The emissions are then converted from metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric
tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E) as shown in Equation 6.
Equation 6. Emission Equation for Iron and Steel Production
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Manufacture/Consumption (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT CO2/MT production)
Figure 9. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Iron and Steel Production
Worksheet
Q State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
IS] File Edit Module Options
Type a question for help
6. Iron and Steel Production in Colorado
Iron and steel production generate process-related emissions. The
of crude steel produced (defined as first cast product suitable for sale or further processing) by production
method. Default values are based on the state-level production delta assigned to production method based on the
national distribution of production by method. It is strongly advised that users enter state-specific
infoi mation, as default data are based on national averages, are not available for all years, and are
likely to be inaccurate for states. Activity data are then multiplied by the appropriate emission factor. The
emissions are then converted from metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric tons of carbon dioxide
equivalents (MTCO^E). This methodology is based on the Draft 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National GHG
activity
needed are the quantities
Click here to find
where these data
are avai lable.
Emissions
Required Data
Inout Cells
58
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.13
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Step (8) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Ammonia Manufacture
Control Worksheet
The emission factors for ammonia and urea production are the next required inputs on the
control worksheet. Emissions of CO2 occur during the production of synthetic ammonia,
primarily through the use of natural gas as a feedstock.
Ammonia Manufacture Sector Worksheet
Data for the production of ammonia and consumption of urea are required inputs in the blue
cells on the ammonia production worksheet, shown in Figure 10. Activity data for ammonia
manufacture by state is available from USGS 2015f. Activity data for urea consumption by
state is estimated based on state data from AAPFCO (2014) and TVA (1991 through 1994).
Emissions from ammonia production and urea consumption are calculated by multiplying the
quantity of ammonia produced and urea applied by their respective emission factors.
Emissions from urea consumption are subtracted from emissions due to ammonia
production. The emissions are then converted from metric tons of carbon equivalents
(MTCE) to metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E) as shown in Equation 7 and
Equation 8.
Equation 7. Emission Equation for Ammonia Production
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Production of Ammonia (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT CO2/MT
activity) - Emissions from Urea (MTCO2E)
Equation 8. Emission Equation for Urea Consumption
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Consumption of Urea (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT CO2/MT activity)
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.14
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Figure 10. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Ammonia Production and Urea
Consumption Worksheet
B State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
IP1 File Edit Module Options |
B C |D| E | F | G I H | I | J | K | L M |N| O |P| Q
1
7. Ammonia Production and Urea Consumption in Colorado
3
4
5
f Click here to find where \
V these data are available. J
Emissions from ammonia production and urea application are calculated by multiplying the
quantity of ammonia produced and urea applied by their respective emission factors.
Emissions from urea application are subtracted from emissions due to ammonia production.
The emissions are then converted from metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric
tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO-E). Additional information on these calculations
is available in the Industrial Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
xControl Sheet
Check All Boxes
Clear All Data
Production & Consumption Emission Factor Subract emissions Emissions
(Metric Tons) (mt CO.fmt activity from Urea (MTCE)
Emissions
(MTCOzE)
7
1990 Ammonia Production
Urea Consumption
1991 Ammonia Production
Urea Consumption
1992 Ammonia Production
Urea Consumption
1993 Ammonia Production
Urea Consumption
1994 Ammonia Production
Urea Consumption
1 ¦ I -
1.2
r
1^ Default Production Data?
8
4,206 ]
0.73
| "( | 3.071 | ) =
837
3,071
3
10
U
1.2
I ¦( I ) =
M
W Default Production Data?
11
3,67^
0.73
5^
7 52
702
n
2,683
IZ
Required Data
Input Cells
13
1.2
W Default Production Data?
14
3,525
0.7^,
2,573
ID
16
¦J
1 -i H
3.163 I ) = I
Default Production Data?
17
4.3j£
0.73
1
863 |
3,163
IO
19
~
1.2
| "I 1 )-
U
L
1^ Default Production Data?
20
3,933
0.73
783
2,871
Step (9) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Nitric Acid Production
Control Worksheet
The emission factor for nitric acid production is the next required input for the control
worksheet. The production of nitric acid (HNO3) produces N2O as a by-product, via the
oxidation of ammonia. Nitric acid is a raw material used primarily to make synthetic
commercial fertilizer and is also a major component in the production of adipic acid (a
feedstock for nylon) and explosives.
Nitric Acid Production
Data for the amount of nitric acid produced, as well as the percent N2O released after
pollution control are inputs for the nitric acid worksheet as seen in Figure 11. Activity data
for nitric acid production is available from SRI 2000. The production of nitric acid (HNO3)
produces N2O as a by-product, via the oxidation of ammonia. During this reaction, N2O is
formed as a by-product and is released from reactor vents into the atmosphere. At present,
the nitric industry controls for oxides of nitrogen through two technologies: non-selective
catalytic reduction (NSCR) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR). Only one of these
technologies, NSCR, is effective at destroying N2O emissions in the process of destroying
NOx emissions.
Emissions from nitric acid production are calculated by multiplying the quantity of nitric acid
produced by an emission factor and by the percentage of N2O released after pollution
controls are taken into account. These emissions are then converted from metric tons of
carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E) as seen in
Equation 9.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.15
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Equation 9. Emission Equation for Nitric Acid Production
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Production of Nitric Acid (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT N2O/MT production) x
Percent N2O Released after Pollution Control x GWP N2O
Figure 11. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Nitric Acid Production
Worksheet
E State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
i Pj File Edit Module Options
8 Nitric Acid Production in Colorado
.Control 5heet
Emissions from nitric acid production are calculated by multiplying the quantity of
nitric acid produced by an emission factor and by the percentage of N2O released
after pollution controls are taken into account. These emissions are then converted
from metric tons of N^O to metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) and metric tons
of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E). Additional information on these calculations
is available in the Industrial Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
Click here to
find where these
data are
available.
Use Default Pollution
Control Factor (100%,
no pollution control)
(t NzOft production)
(Metric Tons NiO)
(Metric Tons)
(MTCE)
There
default data
Pill in all required
production data
to estimate emis
Required Data
Input Cells
Step (10) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Adipic Acid Production
Control Worksheet
The emission factor for adipic acid production is required next on the control worksheet.
About 90 percent of all adipic acid produced in the United States is used in the production of
nylon 6,6, as well as production of some low-temperature lubricants. It is also used to
provide foods with a "tangy" flavor.
Adipic Acid Production Sector Worksheet
Data for the amount of adipic acid produced, as well as the percent N2O released after
pollution control are inputs for the adipic acid worksheet as seen in Figure 12. A dialogue
box will appear if adipic acid is not produced in your state. Note that plants may consider
this data confidential and could be reluctant to disclose it, in which case, states should use
the adipic acid production capacity data in the Chemical Market Reporter.
Adipic acid is produced through a two-stage process. The first stage involves the oxidation
of cyclohexane to form a cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol mixture. The second stage involves
the oxidation of ketone-alcohol with nitric acid. N2O is generated as a by-product of this
reaction and enters the waste gas stream. In the United States, this waste gas is treated to
remove NOx and other regulated pollutants (and, in some cases, N2O as well) and is then
released into the atmosphere.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.16
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Emissions from adipic acid production are calculated by multiplying the quantity adipic acid
produced by an emission factor and by the percentage of N2O released after pollution
controls are taken into account. These emissions are then converted from metric tons of
N2O to metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) and then metric tons of carbon dioxide
equivalents (MTCO2E), shown in Equation 10.
Equation 10. Emission Equation for Adipic Acid Production
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Production of Adipic Acid (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT N2O/MT
production) x Percent N2O Released after Pollution Control x GWP N2O
Figure 12. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Adipic Acid Production
Worksheet
E State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
Sj File Edit Module Options
JX
XT
IT
T~o~
9. Adipic Acid Production in Colorado
Click here to find
where these data
are avai lable
Emissions from adipic acid production are calculated by multiplying the
quantity adipic acid produced by an emission factor and by the percentage
of NJD released after pollution controls are taken into account. These
emissions are then converted from metric tons of NjO to metric tons of
carbon equivalents (MTCE) and metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents
(MTCC^E). Additional information on these calculations is available in the
Industrial Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
.eturn to Control
Sheet
Clear All Data
Use Default Pollution
Control Factor (100%,
no pollution confrol)
Production
[Metric Tons)
Emission Factor
(t NzOJt production)
Percent N,0
Released after
Pollution Control
Emissions
(Metric Tons NzO)
Emissions
(MTCE)
Emissions
(MTCQiE)
1990
default
associate
sector,
Fill in all required
1001
1992
ji oductior
1993
:u estimat
Required Data
Input Cells
1 "4
1995
Step (11) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Aluminum Production
Control Worksheet
The emission factor for aluminum production is the next input on the control worksheet.
The aluminum production industry is thought to be the largest source of two PFCs -
tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and hexafluoroethane (C2F6). Emissions of these two potent
greenhouse gases (GHGs) occur during the reduction of alumina in the primary smelting
process.1
1 Perfluorinated carbons are not emitted during the smelting of recycled aluminum.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.17
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Aluminum Production Sector Worksheet
Data for the production of aluminum are required in the blue cells of the aluminum
worksheet, shown in Figure 13. Activity data for aluminum production is available from
USGS 2015d.
The aluminum production industry is thought to be the largest source of two
perfluorocarbons (PFCs) - tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and hexafluoroethane (C2F6).
Emissions of these two potent GHGs occur during the reduction of alumina in the primary
smelting process.1
Emissions from aluminum production are calculated by multiplying the quantity of aluminum
produced during a year by the specific emission factor for that year. These emissions are
then converted from metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) to metric tons of carbon
dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E), shown in Equation 11.
Equation 11. Emission Equation for Aluminum Production
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Production of Aluminum (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT CE/MT
production)
Figure 13. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Aluminum Production
Worksheet
E State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
¦0
File Edit Module Options
Type a question fc|
B C E
1 F |
3 1 H |
1 | j
K | L |
M
1
N | O
P 1
1
10. Colorado Aluminum Production
/f^eturn to Control 1
f Click here to find \.
Emissions from aluminum production are calculated by multiplying the quantity of
aluminum produced during a year by the specific emission factor for that year.
Sheet
.
( where these data )
are available. /
These emissions are then converted from metric tons of CO; equivalents to metric
tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) and metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents
(MTCOjE). Additional information on these calculations is available in the Industrial
Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
Check All Boxes
3
Clear All Data
J
4
Production
Emission Factor Emissions ^ Emissions '
5
(Metric Tons)
(t CEft production) (MTCE) (MTCO,E)
6
7
1*90
i: - r~
0.42551 = |~
-| = |
¦ | El
Defau
1 It P rodi
jction Data?
0
9
1991
0.42551 = |
-| = |
- | E
Defai
1 It P rod
uction Data?
IU
Required Data
Input Cells
11
1992 | - | x |
-| = |
- 1 a
Defau
1 It P rodi
jction Data?
\z
13
1993 | |
- | El
Defau
1 It P rodi
jction Data?
15
1994 1 . ^
£r-1
0.42551 = |
-| = |
¦ 1 m
Defau
lit Prodi
jction Data?
ID
17
1 «
m -1
0.42551 = |~
-| = |
1 EM
Def ail
It P rodi.
iction Data?
IO
19
1996
1 -1
0.42551 = |
-| = |
- 1 El
Defau
lit Prodi
jction Data?
zu
Step (12) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for HCFC-22 Production
Control Worksheet
The next emission factor required for the control worksheet is for HFC-23 emissions
resulting from HCFC-22 production, in metric tons of HFC-23 emitted per metric ton of
HCFC-22 produced.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.18
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
HCFC-22 Production Sector Worksheet
HFC-23, one type of HFC, is known to be emitted in significant quantities as a by-product of
HCFC-22 production. Data for the production of HCFC-22 are required inputs in the blue
cells on the HCFC-22 production worksheet, shown in Figure 14. In order to obtain activity
data, in-state manufacturers of HCFC-22 should be consulted first. Additionally the
Chemical Manufacturers Association (Washington, D.C.), Alliance for Responsible CFC Policy
(Arlington, VA), and Grant Thorton Consulting (Washington, D.C.) can be contacted for
information on state-by-state production numbers.
Emissions from HCFC-22 production are calculated by multiplying the quantity of HCFC-22
produced by an emission factor. The emissions are then converted from metric tons of
HFC-23 to metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) and then metric tons of carbon dioxide
equivalents (MTCO2E) as in Equation 12.
Equation 12. Emission Equation for HCFC-22 Production
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Production of HCFC-22 (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT HFC-23/MT
production) x GWP of HFC-23
Figure 14. Example of Activity Data Applied in the HCFC-22 Production Worksheet
~ State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
: Sj File Edit Module Options
11 HCFC-22 Production in Colorado
Emissions from HCFC-22 production are calculated by multiplying the quantity of
HCFC-22 produced by an emission factor. The emissions are then converted from
metric tons of HFC-23 to metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) and metric tons
of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO^E). Additional information on these
calculations is available in the Industrial Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
Click here to find
where these data
are avai lable.
.Control Sheet
Clear All Data
Emissions 1 Emissions 1
(MTCE) [MTCQ,E)
(Metric Tons)
(I HFC-23H production) (Metric Tons HFC-23)
Required Data
Input Cells
Step (13) Review Sector Worksheet for Consumption of Substitutes for Ozone-
Depleting Substances (ODS)
Control Worksheet
There are no emission factor inputs required for the consumption of substitutes for ozone-
depleting substances (ODS) as the calculations for this sector are performed on the sector-
specific worksheet. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are used primarily as alternatives to several
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.19
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
classes of ODS that are being phased out under the terms of the Montreal Protocol and the
Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. ODSs, which include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs),
halons, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform, and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), are
used in a variety of industrial applications including refrigeration and air conditioning
equipment, aerosols, solvent cleaning, fire extinguishing, foam blowing, and sterilization.
Although their substitutes, HFCs, are not harmful to the stratospheric ozone layer, they are
powerful GHGs.
Consumption of ODS Sector Worksheet
There are no inputs required for this worksheet. You should review this worksheet to learn
your state's contribution to emissions resulting from the consumption of ODS substitutes.
The major end uses that consume substitutes for ozone-depleting substances include motor
vehicle air conditioning, commercial and industrial refrigeration and air conditioning,
residential refrigeration and air conditioning, aerosols, solvent cleaning, fire extinguishing
equipment, foam production, and sterilization.
Emissions of HFCs, PFCs, and SFe from ODS substitute production are estimated by
apportioning national emissions to each state based on population. State population data
was provided by U.S. Census Bureau (2016). The resulting state emissions are then
converted to metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E) as shown in Equation 13.
Equation 13. Emission Equation for Apportioning Emissions from the Consumption
of Substitutes for ODS
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
[National ODS Substitute Emissions (MTCO2E) x State Population]/
National Population
Step (14) Review Sector Worksheet for Semiconductor Manufacture
Control Worksheet
There are no emission factor inputs required for semiconductor manufacture on the control
worksheet as the calculations for this sector are performed on the sector-specific worksheet.
The semiconductor industry employs multiple long-lived fluorinated gases in the plasma
etching and chemical vapor deposition processes. These include the PFCs CF4, C2F6, and
C3F8; HFC-23; and SF6. With present industry growth and the increasing complexity of
microchips, emissions from the semiconductor industry are expected to increase
significantly.
Semiconductor Manufacture Sector Worksheet
There are no inputs required for this worksheet. You should review this worksheet to learn
your state's contribution to emissions resulting from the manufacture of semiconductors.
The semiconductor industry employs multiple long-lived fluorinated gases in the plasma
etching and chemical vapor deposition processes and include PFCs CF4, C2F6, and C3F8; HFC-
23; and SFe.
Emissions of HFCs, PFCs, and SF6 from semiconductor production are estimated by
apportioning national emissions to each state. National emissions are multiplied by a ratio
of the value of a state's semiconductor shipments, as found in U.S. Census Bureau (2002),
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.20
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
to the value of national semiconductor shipments. The resulting state emissions are then
converted into metric tons of CO2 equivalents (MTCO2E) as shown in Equation 14.
Equation 14. Emission Equation for Apportioning Emissions from Semiconductor
Manufacture
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
[National Semiconductor Manufacture Emissions (MTCO2E) x Value of State
Semiconductor Shipments]/ Value of State Semiconductor Shipments
Step (15) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Electric Power
Transmission and Distribution
Control Worksheet
The emission factor for electric power transmission and distribution is required on the
control worksheet. The largest use for SF6, both domestically and internationally, is as an
electrical insulator in electricity transmission and distribution equipment, such as gas-
insulated high-voltage circuit breakers, substations, transformers, and transmission lines.
Electric Power Transmission and Distribution Sector Worksheet
This worksheet requires inputs for the amount of SFe consumed for electric power
transmission and distribution as shown in Figure 15. Activity data for electric transmission
and distribution are available from U.S. EPA (2016) and EIA (2016).
The largest use for SF6, both domestically and internationally, is as an electrical insulator in
electricity transmission and distribution equipment, such as gas-insulated high-voltage
circuit breakers, substations, transformers, and transmission lines. The electric utility
industry uses the gas because of its high dielectric strength and arc-quenching abilities. Not
all of the electric utilities in the United States use SF6; use of the gas is more common in
urban areas where the space occupied by electrical distribution and transmission facilities is
more valuable.
Emissions from electric power transmission and distribution are calculated by multiplying
the quantity of SF6 consumed by an emission factor. The resulting emissions are then
converted from metric tons of SFeto metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E) as
shown in Equation 15. The default assumption is that the emission factor is 1, i.e. all SF6
consumed is used to replace SFe that was emitted. Default activity data for this sector
equals national SFe emissions apportioned by state electricity sales divided by national
electricity sales.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.21
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Equation 15. Emission Equation for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
SFe Consumption (metric tons SF6) x Emission Factor (MT SFe/MT Consumption) x
GWP of SFe
Figure 15. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Electric Power Transmission
and Distribution Worksheet
E State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
File Edit Module Options
Type a question
14 Electric Power Transmission and Distribution in Colorado
Click here to find
where these data
are avai loble
Emissions from electric power transmission and distribution are calculated by multiplying the quantity of
SF6 consumed by an emission factor. The resulting emissions are then converted from metric tons of SF6
to metric tons of carbon equivalents (MTCE) and metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCOjE). The
default assumption is that the emission factor is 1, i.e. all SF6 consumed is used to replace SF6 that was
emitted. Default activity data for this sector equals national SF6 emissions apportioned by state electricity
sales divided by national electricity sales. Additional information on these calculations is available in the
Industrial Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
<
Return to
Control Sheet
! Check All Boxes
SFk Consumption Emission Factor Emissions
(Metric Tons) (t SFift Consumption) (Metric Tons SFK)
Emissions
(MTCE)
Emissions
(MTCOzE)
1991
1992
1**4
Required Data
Input Cells
v Defmlt 5F6 Consumption Data?
v Default 5F6 Consumption Data?
1^ Default SF6 Consumption Data?
^ Default SF6 Consumption Data?
^ Default SF6 consumption Data?
^ Default SF6 Consumption Data?
Step (16) Enter Emission Factors and Activity Data for Magnesium Production
and Processing
Control Worksheet
Primary and secondary production, as well as casting emission factors for magnesium
production and processing are required in the control worksheet. The Mg metal production
and casting industry uses SF6 as a cover gas to prevent the violent oxidation of molten Mg
in the presence of air.
Magnesium Production and Processing Sector Worksheet
In the blue input cells on the magnesium worksheet, enter the quantity of primary
magnesium produced, secondary magnesium produced, and magnesium cast during a given
year as shown in Figure 16. Activity data for the production and processing of magnesium
by state are available at USGS (2015g).
The Mg metal production and casting industry uses SFe as a cover gas to prevent the violent
oxidation of molten Mg in the presence of air. A gas mixture consisting of CO2, air, and a
small concentration of SFe is blown over the molten Mg metal to induce the formation of a
protective crust. Most producers of primary Mg metal and most Mg part casters use this
technique. SFe replaced the previously used sulfur dioxide due to the numerous health and
safety risks associated with sulfur dioxide.
Emissions from magnesium production and processing are emitted during the production of
primary magnesium, production of secondary magnesium, and casting of magnesium. The
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.22
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
emissions are calculated by multiplying the quantity of primary magnesium produced,
secondary magnesium produced, and magnesium cast during a given year by their
respective emission factors for the same year. The resulting emissions are then converted
from metric tons of SF6 to metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E) as shown in
Equation 16.
Equation 16. Emission Equation for Magnesium Production and Processing
Emissions (MTCO2E) =
Quantity of Magnesium Produced (metric tons) x Emission Factor (MT
SFe/MT Magnesium) x GWP of SF6
Figure 16. Example of Activity Data Applied in the Magnesium Production and
Processing Worksheet
C State Inventory Tool - Industrial Processes Module
Emissions from magnesium production and processing are emitted during the production of primary
magnesium, production of secondary magnesium, and casting of magnesium. The emissions are
calculated by multiplying the quantity of primary magnesium produced, secondary magnesium
produced, and magnesium cast during a given year by their respective emission factors for the same
year. The resulting emissions are then converted from metric tons of SFeto metric tons of carbon
equivalents (MTCE) and metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO^). Additional information on
these calculations is available in the Industrial Processes Chapter of the User's Guide.
File Edit Module Options
15. Magnesium Production and Processing in Colorado
Click here to find
where these data
are avai lable.
Processing
(Medic Tons)
(t SF1 It Magnesium) (Metric Tons SF E)
(MTCE)
Clear All Data
Control Sheet
Type
Step (17) Review Summary Information
The steps above provide estimates of total CO2, N2O, and HFC, PFC, and SFe emissions from
each IP sector. Total emissions are equal to sum of emissions from each of the fourteen IP
sectors, for each year. The information is collected by sector on the summary worksheets.
There is a summary worksheet in the IP module that displays results in MMTCO2E.
Additionally, the summary worksheet provides an overview of sources excluded from the
current emission estimates. Users should review this list to see if they wish to go back and
enter data for any of the omitted IP sectors. Figure 17 shows the summary worksheet that
sums the emissions from all sectors in the IP module.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.23
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
Figure 17. Example of the Emissions Summary Worksheet in the IP Modu e
1 16. Colorado Emissions Summary (MTC02E)
Serum to
Control Sheet
Review distussionof uncertainty
associated w i+h these results
Emissions were not calculated for the following sources: Ammonia & Urea, Nitric Acid Production, Adipic Acid Production, Magnesium Production, HCFC-22
Production, and Aluminum Production.
4
5
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
20(
6
Carbon Dioxide Emissions
356,416
437,691
490,630
742,651
741,557
635,912
624,344
1,459,719
1,401,612
1,301,266
1,470,46
7
Cement Manufacture
317,456
334,853
359,132
438,793
439,052
475,769
472,666
507,831
506,280
516,106
553,73
8
Lime Manufacture
-
65,348
93,342
264,694
249,210
100,294
89,482
87,199
88,587
85,698
94,97
g
Limestone and Dolomite Use
-
-
-
-
13,961
18,838
21,522
11,521
16,445
16,351
28,4!
10
Soda Ash
35,890
34,806
35,584
36,001
36,464
38,369
38,121
39,078
39,921
39,692
40,67
11
Ammonia Production
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
12
Urea Consumption
3,071
2,683
2,573
3,163
2,871
2,643
2,553
3,045
3,374
3,292
2,25
13
Iron & Steel Production
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
811,044
747,004
640,128
750,30
14
Nitrous Oxide Emissions
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
Nitric Acid Production
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
16
Adipic Acid Production
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17
HFC, PFC, and SFt Emissions
359,636
352,122
369,299
435,573
539,491
777,976
944,426
1,107,975
1,215,151
1,352,579
1,473,54
18
~DS Substitutes
4,364
8,548
23,519
85,582
193,906
437,580
611,006
785,752
899,999
1,027,680
1,166,99
19
Semiconductor Manufacturing
52,518
52,518
52,518
65,647
72,212
89,243
99,121
104,724
129,904
133,586
117,12
20
Magnesium Production
Electric Power Transmission and
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
~
"
21
Distribution Systems
302,734
291,056
293,262
284,344
273,373
251,153
234,299
217,499
185,249
191,313
189,42
22
HCFC-22 Production
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
23
Aluminum Production
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
24
Total Emissions
716,052
789,813
859,929
1,178,224
1,281,048
1,413,887
1,568,770
2,567,694
2,616,763
2,653,845
2,944,0'
Step (18) Export Data
The final step is to export the summary data. Exporting data allows the estimates from
each module to be combined later by the Synthesis Module to produce a comprehensive
GHG inventory for the state.
To access the "Export Data" button, return to the control worksheet and scroll down to step
17. Click on the "Export Data" button and i
message box will open that reminds the
user to make sure all steps of the module
have been completed. If you make any
changes to the IP module later, you will
then need to re-export the results.
Clicking "OK" prompts you to save the file.
The file is already named, so you only need
to choose a convenient place to save the
file. After the file is saved, a message box
will appear indicating that the data was successfully exported.
While completing the modules, you are encouraged to save each completed module; doing
so will enable you to easily make changes without re-running it entirely.
Following data export, the module may be reset and run for an additional state.
Alternatively, you may run the remaining modules of the SIT to obtain a comprehensive
profile of emissions for your state.
Note: the resulting export file should not be
modified. The export file contains a summary
worksheet that allows users to view the results, as well as
a separate data worksheet with an unformatted version of
the results. The second worksheet, the data worksheet,
contains the information that is exported to the Synthesis
Tool. Users may not modify that worksheet.
Adding/removing rows, moving data, or making other
modifications jeopardize the ability of the Synthesis
Module to accurately analyze the data.
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1,24
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
1.4 Uncertainty
In the upper right-hand corner of the Summary worksheet is a button: "Review discussion
of uncertainty associated with these results." By clicking on this button, you are taken to a
worksheet that discusses the uncertainty surrounding the activity data and emission factors,
and how the uncertainty estimates for this source category affect the uncertainty of the
emission estimates for your state.
1.5 References
AAPFCO 2014. Commercial Fertilizers 2013. Association of American Plant Food Control
Officials and The Fertilizer Institute. University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
AISI 2011. 2010 Annual Statistical Report. American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington,
DC.
EIA 2016. Electric Power Annual 2014. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information
Administration. Washington, DC. Internet address:
http://www.eia.aov/electricitv/annual/
SRI 2000. 2000 Directory of Chemical Producers, United States of America. Stanford
Research Institute. Menlo Park, CA.
TVA (1991 through 1994). Commercial Fertilizers. Tennessee Valley Authority, Muscle
Shoals, AL.
U.S. Census Bureau (2016). American Factfinder 2000-2014 Population. U.S. Census
Bureau, Washington, DC.
U.S. Census Bureau (2002). U.S. Census Bureau Economic Census for Semiconductors.
Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA. 2016. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 - 2014.
Office of Atmospheric Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-16-
002. Internet address: https://www.epa.aov/ahaemissions/inventorv-us-areenhouse-
aas-emissions-and-sinks-1990-2014.
USGS 2015a. Lime: Minerals Yearbook 2014. U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals Information
Service. Reston, VA. Available online at:
http://minerals.er.usas.aov/minerals/pubs/commoditv/lime/index.html
USGS 2015b. Crushed Stone: Minerals Yearbook 2014. U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals
Information Service. Reston, VA. Available online at:
http://minerals.er.usas.aov/minerals/pubs/commoditv/stone crushed/index.html
USGS 2015c. Soda Ash: Minerals Yearbook 2014. U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals
Information Service. Reston, VA. Available online at:
http://minerals.er.usas.aov/minerals/pubs/commoditv/soda ash/index.html
USGS 2015d. Aluminum: Minerals Yearbook 2014. U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals
Information Service. Reston, VA. Available online at:
http://minerals.er.usas.aov/minerals/pubs/commoditv/aluminum/index.html
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module 1.25
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Module 6 -Industrial Processes Module
January 2017
USGS 2015e. Cement: Minerals Yearbook 2014. U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals
Information Service. Reston, VA. Available online at:
http://minerals. usas-QOv/minerals/Dubs/commoditv/cement/
USGS 2015f. Nitrogen: Minerals Yearbook 2014. U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals
Information Service. Reston, VA. Available online at:
http://minerals.er.usas.aov/minerals/pubs/commoditv/nitroaen/index.html
USGS 2015g. Magnesium: Minerals Yearbook 2014. U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals
Information Service. Reston, VA. Available online at:
http://minerals.er.usas.aov/minerals/pubs/commoditv/maanesium/index.html
State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the IP Module
1.26
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