*>EPA
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technica
FACT SHEbl
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BUILDING A SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION FOR SOUND ENVIRONMENTAL DECISIONS
EPA's rapid radiochemical methods expedite analytical
turnaround time for selected radionuclides while providing
quantitative results that meet measurement quality objectives.
Methods are applicable to samples where contamination is
from either known or unknown origins, This fact sheet is
intended for radioanalytical laboratory personnel, decision
makers within the incident command structure, additional
reoccupancy decision makers (e.g., state and local public
health), and other field environmental response personnel.
Method Summary: This method uses extraction chromatography resin cartridges to isolate and purify curium (Cm).
Interfering radionuclides and other matrix components are removed, and the Cm fraction is counted by alpha spectrometry.
The method uses vacuum-assisted flow to improve the speed of the separations. An americium-243 (243Am) tracer is
equilibrated with the water sample and used as a yield monitor. Following chemical separation of Cm and Am, the sample
test source is prepared by microprecipitation with cerium fluoride, The alpha emissions from the source are measured using
an alpha spectrometer and used to calculate the activity of 244Cm in the sample,
Rapid Radiochemical Method
Curium-244 (244Crn)
in Water Samples
Time to Process: 8 hr
Includes radiochemical processing and counting
Compare to traditional method: N/A; no validated
	methods available	
Measurement Quality Objectives
Required method uncertainty: 2.0 pCi/L
Analytical action level (AAL): 15 pCi/L
Required relative uncertainty: 13% above AAL
Minimum detectable concentration: 1,515 pCi/L given
the 0.2 L aliquant size and a 300-minute count on a
typical alpha spectrometer
Sample quantity: ~ 0.2 L
Count time: At least 4 hr	
Sample Preservation
Analysis within 3 days of sampling: No preservation
required
Holding time >3 days: Adjust pH to <2 with concentrated
nitric acid then store for at least 16 hours prior to
analysis	
Waste Generated per Sample
~ 210 mL basic waste
~ 90 mL acidic waste
1	mL hydrofluoric acid
~ 5 mL ethanol
2	resin cartridges
Low levels 243Am, 244Cm, other radionuclides as present
in samples	
Method Application
The method is specific for the determination of soluble 244Cm
in drinking water and aqueous samples. Application of this
method should be validated by the laboratory using the
protocols provided in Method Validation Guide for Qualifying
Methods Used by Radiological Laboratories Participating in
Incident Response Activities, or the protocols published by a
recognized standards organization for method validation.
Equipment and Supplies
Alpha spectrometer: range includes 4.5 and 7.0 MeV |
Analytical balance: minimum 10~2g readability | Cartridge
reservoirs: 10 or 20 mL syringe style with locking device, or
columns plus 12 mL reservoirs, or equivalent | Centrifuge
and tubes: 225 mL, 50 mL capacity, or equivalent | Heat
lamp | Hot plate | Laboratory supplies: 150, 250, 500,1,000
mL pIastic/gIass/TefIon ware; electronic pipettor and 1-10 mL
plastic tips as needed; pipettors and 100 pL, 200 pL, 500 pL,
and 1 mL plastic tips or equivalent, as needed; stainless steel
planchets; sample test source mounts; tweezers |
Polypropylene filter: 0.1 pm pore size, 25 mm diameter, or
equivalent | Vacuum system: box/rack; vacuum box tips,
white inner tubes, yellow outer, vacuum source | Vortex
mixer
Contacts
Program: Kathy Hall	Technical: John Griggs
513-379-5260	334-270-3450
hall,kathy@epa.gov	griggs.john@epa.gov
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	EPA/600/S-17/056
Office of Research and Development, Homeland Security Research Program	March 2017

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