Integrated Planning in Action
Integrated Plan for the Environment
Springfield, Missouri
Springfield - Greene County, Missouri
Integrated Plan
I f • " "
for the Environment
EPA Region 7
167,000 population
Kayakers on the James River. Photo courtesy of
Springfield Convention and Visitors Bureau.
Located in the heart of the Ozarks, Springfield is the third largest city in
Missouri, with a population of more than 167,000. The city manages a separate
sanitary system as well as a storm sewer system and operates two wastewater
treatment facilities.1 One of these discharges to the James River Watershed
and the other discharges to the Sac River Watershed. Springfield's storm
sewer system2 discharges to tributaries of the James River. The James River
is a popular recreation destination and features a 6-miie "water trail" for
canoeing and kayaking that flows through Springfield and connects to the Trail
of Honor—a riverside walking trail that winds through the Missouri Veterans
Cemetery.
Challenges
During heavy storms, stormwater and groundwater enter Springfield's sanitary
sewer system through cracks and improper connections (i.e., infiltration and
inflow). This leads to sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) and bypasses at the
wastewater treatment facilities. In 2012, Springfield agreed to address SSOs
and reduce bypasses under an amended consent judgment with the Missouri
Department of Natural Resources (MDNR). This judgment required the city to
spend $50 million and complete Early Action Plan projects in the first seven
years while it developed an overflow control plan.
Springfield must also comply with two wastewater treatment facility permits and a stormwater permit that
implement total maximum daily loads for bacteria in the Little Sac River and nutrients in the James River. Some
local rivers and streams are also impaired by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in stormwater runoff from
driveways and parking lots.
Integrated Planning in Action
The city, Greene County, and city utilities developed a "citizen-focused approach" to address water quality
impairments and other community priorities using local knowledge to holistically examine the city's environmental
resources. The city organized an Environmental Priorities Task Force of community members, city and county staff,
and technical experts to address these challenges and identify other priorities important to the community. This
group set goals and worked together to identify affordable solutions to wastewater and stormwater challenges,
as well as to meet solid waste and air quality objectives, using four key elements (see box below). The task force
1	"Wastewater treatment facilities" (WWTFs) is a generic term for facilities that treat or manage wastewater, including publicly owned
treatment works.
2	Storm sewers and storm sewer systems can also be referred to as municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4s). Stormwater
discharge permits can be referred to as MS4 permits.

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identified and ranked sources of pollution based on
the impact on the environment. They then identified
possible strategies to address these sources and
conducted a cost-benefit analysis to determine
which strategies would provide the most social
and environmental benefit per dollar spent. Using
this process, Springfield determined that the most
cost-effective strategies to pursue were stormwater
detention basin retrofits, enhanced nutrient removal
at one of the city's wastewater treatment facilities,
programs to reduce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
in stormwater, and SSO controls to reduce infiltration
and inflow of water into the sanitary sewer system.
Springfield did not select specific projects during the
planning process, but rather committed to pursue
projects that align with the selected strategies.
Results
In 2015, Springfield released its Integrated Plan for
the Environment. That same year the city completed
an SSO control plan that—based on findings from
the integrated planning process—identified and
compared solutions to control SSOs. The approved
overflow control plan included $200 million in SSO
improvements to be completed over 10 years (by
2025). MDNR approved Springfield's integrated
plan and referenced it in the city's 2017 municipal
stormwater permit and 2020 wastewater permits.
These permits require that Springfield identify cost-
effective solutions to address the most significant
sources of pollution as proposed in the integrated plan.
Since the stormwater permit was issued, Springfield
has implemented a "Clean Pavement Initiative" that
encourages businesses and residents to voluntarily
choose sealants for parking lots and driveways that
are lower in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Several
businesses and citizens have committed to choose
asphalt-based sealant and received signage showing
their commitment. Springfield also implemented a pilot
voluntary detention basin retrofit program, completing
the first project in 2019.
Key Elements
¦	Prioritizing the most significant pollution sources
¦	Prioritizing cost-effective solutions
¦	Capturing community priorities
¦	Assessing financial capability
Approach for Ensuring a Sustainable Return on
Investment, Using the Four Key Elements as Guidance
Capture
community's priorities
Identify and
prioritize
the most
significant
problems
m
Identify and
prioritize
the most
significant
solutions
Assess community's
financial capability
SEPA
For more information, visit EPA's integrated planning Report to Congress webpage at:
https://www.epa.aov/npdes/intearated-plannina-municipal-stormwater-and-wastewater	EPA-832-F-21-016 I June 2021

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