EPA 2020 COVID-19 WATER SECTOR SURVEY Appendix D: Data Tables for Wastewater Treatment Facilities June 2021 &EPA 810-R-21-001 ------- Notes on Appendix D Appendices C-G present tables with detailed findings from the EPA 2020 COVID-19 Water Sector Survey. This appendix, Appendix D, presents findings specifically for wastewater treatment facilities. Each table includes findings for subgroups based on size (population served). The order of presentation in this appendix follows the order of questions in the survey (see Appendix B). The title of each table generally includes the applicable survey question number and the text of the question itself (or a close paraphrase). EPA used financial data from Part D of the survey to generate some derived measures. The tables presenting these measures are labeled as "calculated" rather than labelled with a question number. Some questions asked survey participants specifically about experiences from January 2020 to the present day, or from present day to December 2020. For these questions, "January to the Present" or "Present to December" is listed above each table to show the time period covered by the table. In most cases, findings are presented as point estimates and 95 percent confidence intervals. For an explanation of confidence intervals, see the discussion of methodology in Appendix A. Several questions asked respondents to provide responses on a scale. For example, questions Bl.1.1 and B2.1.1 asked respondents to rank the severity of their treatment chemical shortages as "no impact," "slight impact," "moderate impact," or "severe impact." EPA calculated a mean score for each such question by assigning numeric values to the responses (for example, 0 for no impact, 1 for slight impact, 2 for moderate impact, and 3 for severe impact) and averaging the results. Each table lists the number of observations, which is the number of responses received from survey participants to a given question or response option. The quantitative findings presented in the tables are weighted to provide national estimates, using weightings calculated and assigned to each utility type and size subgroup. For more information on the weightings, see the discussion of methodology in Appendix A. Blank cells indicate that no applicable responses were received. "N/A" indicates that a confidence interval cannot be calculated because there was no variance in responses. D-2 ------- Table D.l. Question Bl.l: What kinds of shortages or supply chain disruptions did your organization experience from January 2020 through present day? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Treatment Chemicals 2.3% 1.1% - 5.0% 5.9% 3.7% - 9.4% 10.2% 5.6% - 18.0% 3.2% 1.9% - 5.1% PPE 43.3% 37.3% - 49.5% 65.8% 59.6% - 71.5% 75.5% 65.4% - 83.4% 47.9% 42.9% - 53.1% Durable Goods and Other Equipment and Supplies 11.8% 8.4% - 16.4% 18.7% 14.5% - 23.8% 20.8% 14.1% - 29.5% 13.2% 10.2% - 16.9% None 53.5% 47.3% - 59.6% 29.6% 24.3% - 35.6% 23.7% 15.9% - 33.7% 48.8% 43.7% - 53.9% Observations 276 242 95 613 D-3 Table D.1 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Carbon Mean score (0 to 3) 0.008 0.008 0.000 0.008 dioxide -0.003 - 0.020 -0.007 - 0.022 0.000 - 0.000 -0.002 - 0.018 No impact (0) 99.2% 99.6% 100.0% 99.3% 96.8% - 99.8% 97.6% - 99.9% N/A - N/A 97.4% - 99.8% Slight (1) 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 0.2% - 3.2% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.2% - 2.6% Moderate (2) 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.1% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.4% N/A - N/A 0.0% - 0.4% Severe (3) Observations 276 242 95 613 Ferric Mean score (0 to 3) 0.010 0.008 0.049 0.011 chloride -0.002 - 0.022 -0.002 - 0.018 0.005 - 0.093 0.001 - 0.021 No impact (0) 99.1% 99.2% 96.7% 99.0% 96.8% - 99.7% 97.2% - 99.8% 92.4% - 98.6% 97.4% - 99.6% Slight (1) 0.8% 0.8% 1.6% 0.9% 0.2% - 3.2% 0.2% - 2.8% 0.5% - 5.3% 0.3% - 2.6% Moderate (2) 0.1% 0.0% 1.6% 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% N/A - N/A 0.5% - 5.3% 0.0% - 0.4% Severe (3) Observations 276 242 95 613 D-4 Table D.2 Page 1 of 6 ------- Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Fluoride Mean score (0 to 3) 0.004 -0.004 - 0.012 0.008 -0.007 - 0.022 0.000 0.000 - 0.000 0.005 -0.002 - 0.012 No impact (0) 99.6% 97.1% - 99.9% 99.6% 97.6% - 99.9% 100.0% N/A - N/A 99.6% 97.9% - 99.9% Slight (1) 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.3% 0.0% - 2.3% Moderate (2) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.4% 0.1% - 2.4% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.1% 0.0% - 0.4% Severe (3) Observations 276 242 95 613 Gaseous chlorine Mean score (0 to 3) 0.005 -0.003 - 0.013 0.008 -0.002 - 0.018 0.000 0.000 - 0.000 0.005 -0.002 - 0.012 No impact (0) 99.5% 97.4% - 99.9% 99.2% 97.2% - 99.8% 100.0% N/A - N/A 99.5% 98.1% - 99.9% Slight (1) 0.5% 0.1% - 2.6% 0.8% 0.2% - 2.8% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.5% 0.1% - 1.9% Moderate (2) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Severe (3) Observations 276 242 95 613 D-5 Table D.2 Page 2 of 6 ------- Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Liquid oxygen Mean score (0 to 3) 0.006 -0.003 - 0.016 0.000 0.000 - 0.000 0.000 0.000 - 0.000 0.005 -0.002 - 0.013 No impact (0) 99.5% 97.4% - 99.9% 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 99.6% 97.9% - 99.9% Slight (1) 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.3% 0.0% - 2.3% Moderate (2) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Severe (3) 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.1% 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 276 242 95 613 Lime Mean score (0 to 3) 0.006 -0.002 - 0.015 0.000 0.000 - 0.000 0.000 0.000 - 0.000 0.005 -0.002 - 0.012 No impact (0) 99.4% 97.6% - 99.9% 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 99.5% 98.0% - 99.9% Slight (1) 0.5% 0.1% - 2.6% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.4% 0.1% - 2.1% Moderate (2) 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.1% 0.0% - 0.4% Severe (3) Observations 276 242 95 613 D-6 Table D.2 Page 3 of 6 ------- Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Orthophosphate Mean score (0 to 3) 0.004 0.008 0.000 0.005 -0.004 - 0.012 -0.002 - 0.018 0.000 - 0.000 -0.002 - 0.011 No impact (0) 99.6% 99.2% 100.0% 99.5% 97.1% - 99.9% 97.2% - 99.8% N/A - N/A 98.0% - 99.9% Slight (1) 0.4% 0.8% 0.0% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.2% - 2.8% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.0% Moderate (2) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Severe (3) Observations 276 242 95 613 Polymers Mean score (0 to 3) 0.005 0.056 0.059 0.015 -0.003 - 0.013 0.022 - 0.089 0.010 - 0.108 0.006 - 0.023 No impact (0) 99.5% 96.0% 94.9% 98.8% 97.4% - 99.9% 93.0% - 97.8% 88.5% - 97.8% 97.7% - 99.4% Slight (1) 0.5% 2.4% 4.3% 0.9% 0.1% - 2.6% 1.1% - 4.9% 1.6% - 10.7% 0.4% - 2.0% Moderate (2) 0.0% 1.6% 0.8% 0.3% N/A - N/A 0.6% - 3.9% 0.2% - 4.3% 0.1% - 0.6% Severe (3) Observations 276 242 95 613 D-7 Table D.2 Page 4 of 6 ------- Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Potassium Mean score (0 to 3) 0.004 0.020 0.000 0.006 permanganate -0.004 - 0.012 -0.002 - 0.041 0.000 - 0.000 -0.001 - 0.014 No impact (0) 99.6% 98.8% 100.0% 99.5% 97.1% - 99.9% 96.6% - 99.6% N/A - N/A 98.1% - 99.9% Slight (1) 0.4% 0.4% 0.0% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.1% - 2.4% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.1% Moderate (2) 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% 0.1% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 2.8% N/A - N/A 0.0% - 0.4% Severe (3) Observations 276 242 95 613 Sodium Mean score (0 to 3) 0.006 0.016 0.008 0.008 hydroxide -0.003 - 0.016 -0.002 - 0.034 -0.006 - 0.022 0.000 - 0.016 No impact (0) 99.5% 98.8% 99.2% 99.4% 97.4% - 99.9% 96.6% - 99.6% 95.7% - 99.8% 98.1% - 99.8% Slight (1) 0.4% 0.8% 0.8% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.2% - 2.8% 0.2% - 4.3% 0.1% - 1.9% Moderate (2) 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.1% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.4% N/A - N/A 0.0% - 0.4% Severe (3) 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 276 242 95 613 D-8 Table D.2 Page 5 of 6 ------- Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Sodium Mean score (0 to 3) 0.013 0.032 0.051 0.018 hypochlorite -0.005 - 0.031 0.007 - 0.057 0.008 - 0.094 0.002 - 0.033 No impact (0) 99.1% 97.6% 94.9% 98.7% 96.8% - 99.7% 95.1% - 98.9% 88.5% - 97.8% 97.3% - 99.4% Slight (1) 0.5% 1.6% 5.1% 0.8% 0.1% - 2.6% 0.6% - 3.9% 2.2% - 11.5% 0.3% - 2.0% Moderate (2) 0.4% 0.8% 0.0% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.2% - 2.8% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.0% Severe (3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 276 242 95 613 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-9 Table D.2 Page 6 of 6 ------- Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Carbon Unavailable from 0.0% 100.0% 8.4% dioxide supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 8.4% - 8.4% Delayed / backordered 50.0% 0.0% 45.8% from supplier(s) 1.4% - 98.6% N/A - N/A 1.7% - 97.7% Transportation / 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Price 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 2 1 3 Ferric Unavailable from 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% chloride supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Delayed / backordered 45.8% 50.0% 75.0% 49.7% from supplier(s) 1.0% - 98.5% 1.6% - 98.4% 11.5% - 98.6% 3.4% - 96.6% Transportation / 8.4% 50.0% 25.0% 15.6% distribution difficulties 0.9% - 49.3% 1.6% - 98.4% 1.4% - 88.5% 5.0% - 39.3% Price 8.4% 0.0% 0.0% 6.3% 0.9% - 49.3% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.5% - 45.8% Other 0.0% 0.0% 25.0% 2.9% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.4% - 88.5% 0.3% - 25.2% Observations 3 2 4 9 D-10 Table D.3 Page 1 of 6 ------- Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Fluoride Unavailable from supplier(s) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Transportation / distribution difficulties 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Price 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 1 1 2 Gaseous chlorine Unavailable from supplier(s) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Transportation / distribution difficulties 15.5% 2.0% - 61.8% 50.0% 2.3% - 97.7% 23.6% 6.9% - 56.3% Price 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 2 2 4 D-11 Table D.3 Page 2 of 6 ------- Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Liquid oxygen Unavailable from supplier(s) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 84.5% 84.5% - 84.5% 84.5% 84.5% - 84.5% Transportation / distribution difficulties 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Price 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 2 2 Lime Unavailable from supplier(s) 13.4% 0.8% - 75.1% 13.4% 0.8% - 75.1% Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Transportation / distribution difficulties 13.4% 0.8% - 75.1% 13.4% 0.8% - 75.1% Price 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 3 3 D-12 Table D.3 Page 3 of 6 ------- Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Orthophosphate Unavailable from 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Delayed / backordered 100.0% 50.0% 86.6% from supplier(s) N/A - N/A 0.0% - 100.0% 4.3% - 99.9% Transportation / 0.0% 50.0% 13.4% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A 0.0% - 100.0% 0.1% - 95.7% Price 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 1 2 3 Polymers Unavailable from 0.0% 20.0% 0.0% 10.4% supplier(s) N/A - N/A 4.2% - 58.7% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 36.0% Delayed / backordered 100.0% 80.0% 48.5% 82.1% from supplier(s) N/A - N/A 41.3% - 95.8% 11.5% - 87.2% 57.7% - 93.9% Transportation / 0.0% 40.0% 35.3% 25.9% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A 13.9% - 73.4% 6.2% - 81.7% 11.3% - 49.1% Price 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 16.2% 2.4% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.3% - 73.3% 0.3% - 17.2% Observations 2 10 5 17 D-13 Table D.3 Page 4 of 6 ------- Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Potassium Unavailable from 0.0% 66.7% 23.6% permanganate supplier(s) N/A - N/A 4.9% - 98.7% 5.9% - 60.6% Delayed / backordered 100.0% 33.3% 76.4% from supplier(s) N/A - N/A 1.3% - 95.1% 39.4% - 94.1% Transportation / 0.0% 33.3% 11.8% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A 1.3% - 95.1% 0.8% - 68.2% Price 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 1 3 4 Sodium Unavailable from 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% hydroxide supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Delayed / backordered 84.5% 33.3% 0.0% 65.1% from supplier(s) 25.4% - 98.9% 1.0% - 96.2% N/A - N/A 35.3% - 86.5% Transportation / 0.0% 66.7% 100.0% 24.8% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A 3.8% - 99.0% N/A - N/A 5.5% - 65.1% Price 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 2 3 1 6 D-14 Table D.3 Page 5 of 6 ------- Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Sodium Unavailable from 45.8% 16.7% 32.3% 35.5% hypochlorite supplier(s) 1.7% - 97.6% 1.7% - 69.6% 5.7% - 79.2% 4.6% - 86.4% Delayed / backordered 100.0% 50.0% 32.3% 76.3% from supplier(s) N/A - N/A 14.0% - 86.0% 5.7% - 79.2% 57.0% - 88.7% Transportation / 8.4% 50.0% 67.7% 28.5% distribution difficulties 1.1% - 42.3% 14.0% - 86.0% 20.8% - 94.3% 15.6% - 46.2% Price 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 16.2% 2.2% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.4% - 72.7% 0.3% - 15.8% Observations 3 6 5 14 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-15 Table D.3 Page 6 of 6 ------- Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Carbon Found alternative supplier 0.0% 100.0% 8.4% dioxide N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 3.2% - 20.1% Drew down existing inventory 50.0% 2.9% - 97.1% 100.0% N/A - N/A 54.2% 4.5% - 96.8% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 2 1 3 6 Ferric Found alternative supplier 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% chloride N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Drew down existing inventory 54.2% 100.0% 75.0% 62.4% 5.7% - 95.8% N/A - N/A 21.8% - 97.0% 12.7% - 95.0% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% 5.8% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 11.4% - 88.6% 1.2% - 24.3% Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 5 6 12 23 D-16 Table D.4 Page 1 of 6 ------- Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Fluoride Found alternative supplier 0.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 15.5% 2.4% - 57.7% Drew down existing inventory 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Switched chemicals, procedures, or technologies 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state emergency management agency 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 3 1 3 6 Gaseous chlorine Found alternative supplier 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Drew down existing inventory 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Switched chemicals, procedures, or technologies 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state emergency management agency 3.5% 0.5% - 20.7% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 2.4% 0.3% - 15.5% Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 7 12 3 22 D-17 Table D.4 Page 2 of 6 ------- Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Liquid oxygen Found alternative supplier 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Drew down existing inventory 84.5% 37.7% - 98.0% 84.5% 37.7% - 98.0% Switched chemicals, procedures, or technologies 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state emergency management agency 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 2 1 4 7 Lime Found alternative supplier 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Drew down existing inventory 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Switched chemicals, procedures, or technologies 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state emergency management agency 5.8% 0.8% - 31.6% 0.0% N/A - N/A 5.3% 0.7% - 29.9% Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 4 3 7 D-18 Table D.4 Page 3 of 6 ------- Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Orthophos- Found alternative supplier 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% phate N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Drew down existing inventory 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 3 2 3 6 Polymers Found alternative supplier 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Drew down existing inventory 100.0% 90.0% 83.8% 92.4% N/A - N/A 52.5% - 98.7% 35.5% - 98.0% 69.9% - 98.5% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 48.5% 7.1% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 12.9% - 85.7% 2.1% - 21.2% Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 5.2% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A 1.3% - 47.5% N/A - N/A 0.7% - 31.0% Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 14 21 19 54 D-19 Table D.4 Page 4 of 6 ------- Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Potassium Found alternative supplier 0.0% 33.3% 11.8% perman- N/A - N/A 3.0% - 88.9% 0.9% - 65.3% ganate Drew down existing inventory 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 5 3 3 10 Sodium Found alternative supplier 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 10.1% hydroxide N/A - N/A 3.6% - 86.9% N/A - N/A 1.0% - 56.3% Drew down existing inventory 84.5% 100.0% 100.0% 89.9% 24.1% - 98.9% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 43.7% - 99.0% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 33.3% 100.0% 14.7% technologies N/A - N/A 3.6% - 86.9% N/A - N/A 2.1% - 57.9% Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 4 7 6 17 D-20 Table D.4 Page 5 of 6 ------- Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Sodium Found alternative supplier 0.0% 16.7% 16.2% 7.0% hypochlorite N/A - N/A 2.2% - 64.2% 2.0% - 64.7% 1.4% - 29.3% Drew down existing inventory 100.0% 100.0% 83.8% 97.8% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 35.3% - 98.0% 84.7% - 99.7% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 4.8% technologies N/A - N/A 2.2% - 64.2% N/A - N/A 0.6% - 30.0% Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% emergency management agency 0.2% - 8.8% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.1% - 6.8% Other 45.8% 0.0% 0.0% 26.3% 5.3% - 92.7% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 3.9% - 75.9% Observations 17 19 13 49 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-21 Table D.4 Page 6 of 6 ------- Table D.5. Question Bl.2.1: How severe were the personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All N95 masks Mean score (0 to 3) 0.467 0.787 1.035 0.536 and/or 0.368 - 0.567 0.676 - 0.898 0.867 - 1.204 0.454 - 0.619 elastomeric No impact (0) 68.9% 48.6% 30.8% 64.5% respirators 63.0% - 74.4% 41.8% - 55.5% 21.7% - 41.7% 59.5% - 69.2% Slight (1) 19.9% 30.5% 43.5% 22.4% 15.5% - 25.4% 23.9% - 38.1% 30.6% - 57.4% 18.4% - 26.9% Moderate (2) 6.5% 14.4% 16.9% 8.1% 4.1% - 10.3% 10.7% - 19.2% 11.0% - 25.2% 5.9% - 11.1% Severe (3) 4.6% 6.4% 8.7% 5.0% 2.6% - 7.9% 4.1% - 10.0% 4.4% - 16.5% 3.3% - 7.6% Observations 276 239 94 609 Alternative Mean score (0 to 3) 0.368 0.657 0.702 0.424 mask 0.282 - 0.453 0.558 - 0.755 0.505 - 0.900 0.353 - 0.495 options No impact (0) 74.7% 52.8% 48.7% 70.4% (surgical, 69.0% - 79.7% 45.8% - 59.7% 36.0% - 61.6% 65.7% - 74.8% cloth, etc.) Slight (1) 14.7% 31.2% 34.2% 17.9% 10.9% - 19.6% 24.5% - 38.7% 24.5% - 45.4% 14.5% - 22.0% Moderate (2) 9.7% 13.6% 15.3% 10.5% 6.6% - 14.0% 10.0% - 18.3% 9.7% - 23.2% 7.8% - 13.9% Severe (3) 0.9% 2.4% 1.8% 1.2% 0.3% - 3.2% 1.1% - 5.0% 0.3% - 10.5% 0.5% - 2.7% Observations 276 239 94 609 D-22 Table D.5 Page 1 of 3 ------- Table D.5. Question Bl.2.1: How severe were the personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Face shield and/or protective eye wear Mean score (0 to 3) 0.245 0.179 - 0.312 0.371 0.283 - 0.458 0.454 0.306 - 0.602 0.272 0.216 - 0.328 No impact (0) 80.4% 75.1% - 84.9% 73.4% 66.8% - 79.0% 63.3% 51.8% - 73.4% 78.8% 74.4% - 82.6% Slight (1) 15.1% 11.1% - 20.1% 18.2% 13.3% - 24.5% 28.0% 19.7% - 38.2% 16.0% 12.6% - 20.1% Moderate (2) 4.0% 2.2% - 7.2% 6.4% 4.1% - 10.0% 8.7% 4.4% - 16.5% 4.5% 2.9% - 7.0% Severe (3) 0.5% 0.1% - 2.6% 2.0% 0.9% - 4.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.7% 0.3% - 1.9% Observations 276 239 94 609 Nitrile and/or latex gloves Mean score (0 to 3) 0.525 0.426 - 0.625 0.775 0.637 - 0.912 0.818 0.678 - 0.957 0.574 0.490 - 0.658 No impact (0) 64.0% 57.9% - 69.7% 47.2% 40.4% - 54.0% 39.4% 28.7% - 51.2% 60.6% 55.5% - 65.4% Slight (1) 22.9% 18.1% - 28.5% 33.6% 27.2% - 40.7% 42.8% 29.8% - 56.9% 25.2% 21.1% - 29.9% Moderate (2) 9.6% 6.5% - 13.9% 13.8% 10.2% - 18.5% 14.4% 9.0% - 22.3% 10.4% 7.7% - 13.8% Severe (3) 3.5% 1.8% - 6.6% 5.4% 2.3% - 12.2% 3.4% 1.4% - 7.7% 3.8% 2.2% - 6.3% Observations 276 239 94 609 D-23 Table D.5 Page 2 of 3 ------- Table D.5. Question Bl.2.1: How severe were the personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Tyvek suite Mean score (0 to 3) 0.229 0.182 0.359 0.226 and/or 0.153 - 0.305 0.126 - 0.238 0.231 - 0.487 0.164 - 0.289 disposable No impact (0) 85.2% 85.0% 71.0% 84.7% coveralls 80.3% - 89.1% 80.3% - 88.8% 60.5% - 79.6% 80.7% - 88.0% Slight (1) 9.0% 12.2% 22.1% 10.0% 6.0% - 13.3% 8.8% - 16.6% 14.9% - 31.5% 7.4% - 13.3% Moderate (2) 3.5% 2.4% 6.9% 3.4% 1.8% - 6.6% 1.1% - 5.0% 3.4% - 13.5% 2.0% - 5.9% Severe (3) 2.3% 0.4% 0.0% 1.9% 1.1% - 5.0% 0.1% - 2.5% N/A - N/A 0.9% - 4.1% Observations 276 239 94 609 Sanitizing Mean score (0 to 3) 0.631 1.020 1.164 0.710 wipes, 0.515 - 0.747 0.868 - 1.172 0.985 - 1.344 0.612 - 0.807 sprays for No impact (0) 63.0% 42.4% 28.3% 58.7% cleaning 56.9% - 68.8% 35.8% - 49.2% 19.7% - 38.9% 53.6% - 63.5% work Slight (1) 17.0% 23.4% 37.3% 18.7% offices, or 12.9% - 22.1% 18.0% - 29.8% 24.3% - 52.5% 15.1% - 22.9% gels for Moderate (2) 13.8% 24.0% 24.0% 15.7% hand 10.1% - 18.7% 18.6% - 30.4% 16.2% - 33.9% 12.5% - 19.7% sanitizing Severe (3) 6.2% 10.2% 10.4% 6.9% 3.8% - 9.9% 6.2% - 16.4% 5.7% - 18.3% 4.8% - 9.9% Observations 276 239 94 609 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-24 Table D.5 Page 3 of 3 ------- Table D.6. Question Bl.2.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All N95 masks Unavailable from 44.4% 50.2% 55.6% 46.4% and/or supplier(s) 33.7% - 55.6% 39.7% - 60.7% 39.2% - 70.9% 38.3% - 54.8% elastomeric Delayed / backordered 54.5% 63.8% 67.1% 57.4% respirators from supplier(s) 43.3% - 65.3% 53.1% - 73.3% 44.1% - 84.0% 49.0% - 65.5% Transportation / 1.3% 3.9% 7.5% 2.3% distribution difficulties 0.2% - 9.0% 1.7% - 8.9% 3.0% - 17.6% 1.0% - 5.6% Price 4.8% 3.9% 7.5% 4.8% 1.8% - 12.0% 1.7% - 8.9% 3.0% - 17.6% 2.3% - 9.5% Other 1.3% 0.8% 1.2% 1.2% 0.2% - 9.0% 0.1% - 5.1% 0.2% - 7.1% 0.2% - 5.7% Observations 90 118 62 270 Alternative Unavailable from 18.4% 25.8% 38.5% 21.4% mask supplier(s) 10.7% - 29.7% 16.9% - 37.3% 26.5% - 52.1% 15.2% - 29.4% options Delayed / backordered 68.1% 79.7% 76.5% 71.4% (surgical, from supplier(s) 55.6% - 78.4% 67.9% - 87.9% 63.0% - 86.1% 62.4% - 79.0% cloth, etc.) Transportation / 1.7% 5.9% 6.8% 3.0% distribution difficulties 0.2% - 11.0% 2.9% - 11.9% 2.2% - 19.6% 1.3% - 6.8% Price 8.9% 5.9% 6.8% 8.0% 3.9% - 18.9% 2.9% - 11.9% 2.2% - 19.6% 4.3% - 14.7% Other 0.0% 0.8% 3.3% 0.4% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 5.5% 0.9% - 11.2% 0.1% - 1.3% Observations 77 107 54 238 D-25 Table D.6 Page 1 of 3 ------- Table D.6. Question Bl.2.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Face shield and/or protective eye wear Unavailable from supplier(s) 14.0% 6.8% - 26.8% 30.8% 18.1% - 47.3% 25.6% 14.2% - 41.6% 18.0% 11.3% - 27.4% Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 79.2% 65.5% - 88.4% 67.7% 51.5% - 80.5% 79.4% 65.3% - 88.8% 76.9% 66.6% - 84.8% Transportation / distribution difficulties 2.5% 0.5% - 12.7% 4.5% 1.5% - 13.1% 9.6% 3.0% - 26.7% 3.3% 1.2% - 9.0% Price 4.7% 1.3% - 15.6% 3.0% 0.8% - 11.2% 5.0% 0.7% - 26.9% 4.4% 1.5% - 11.9% Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 56 63 39 158 Nitrile and/or latex gloves Unavailable from supplier(s) 26.0% 18.0% - 36.1% 22.7% 16.1% - 31.0% 22.4% 12.6% - 36.6% 25.2% 18.9% - 32.7% Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 75.6% 65.6% - 83.4% 87.8% 81.0% - 92.4% 90.3% 80.6% - 95.4% 78.9% 71.3% - 84.9% Transportation / distribution difficulties 4.7% 1.8% - 11.8% 3.8% 1.6% - 8.7% 5.8% 1.8% - 17.5% 4.5% 2.1% - 9.4% Price 6.5% 2.9% - 13.6% 9.1% 5.3% - 15.3% 12.7% 6.0% - 24.9% 7.3% 4.3% - 12.3% Other 2.3% 0.6% - 8.9% 1.5% 0.4% - 5.7% 0.0% N/A - N/A 2.0% 0.6% - 6.5% Observations 105 121 53 279 D-26 Table D.6 Page 2 of 3 ------- Table D.6. Question Bl.2.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Tyvek suite and/or disposable coveralls Unavailable from supplier(s) 31.6% 18.7% - 48.2% 13.4% 5.7% - 28.4% 26.6% 13.6% - 45.4% 28.5% 18.1% - 41.9% Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 55.0% 38.7% - 70.3% 70.6% 54.3% - 82.9% 79.7% 63.3% - 90.0% 59.0% 45.6% - 71.2% Transportation / distribution difficulties 2.8% 0.4% - 18.0% 5.4% 1.3% - 19.1% 12.1% 3.8% - 32.6% 3.8% 1.1% - 12.2% Price 3.9% 0.9% - 15.8% 5.4% 1.3% - 19.1% 2.9% 0.4% - 17.1% 4.0% 1.3% - 12.2% Other 2.8% 0.4% - 18.0% 2.7% 0.4% - 16.8% 0.0% N/A - N/A 2.6% 0.5% - 13.2% Observations 43 39 31 113 Sanitizing wipes, sprays for cleaning work offices, or gels for hand sanitizing Unavailable from supplier(s) 39.6% 30.1% - 49.9% 49.3% 39.8% - 58.9% 53.5% 37.3% - 69.0% 42.5% 35.1% - 50.2% Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 66.3% 56.1% - 75.2% 67.6% 58.9% - 75.3% 69.2% 46.0% - 85.6% 66.8% 59.1% - 73.7% Transportation / distribution difficulties 2.3% 0.6% - 8.6% 3.5% 1.5% - 7.9% 7.2% 2.9% - 16.9% SO 00 , rsi t—i Price 6.8% 3.1% - 14.3% 6.3% 3.3% - 11.5% 12.1% 5.9% - 23.5% 7.0% 3.9% - 12.1% Other 1.1% 0.2% - 7.6% 0.7% 0.1% - 4.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 1.0% 0.2% - 5.1% Observations 109 134 65 308 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-27 Table D.6 Page 3 of 3 ------- Table D.7. Question Bl.2.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All N95 masks Found alternative supplier 32.1% 45.5% 52.8% 36.5% and/or 22.6% - 43.4% 35.1% - 56.3% 36.0% - 69.0% 28.9% - 44.8% elastomeric Drew down existing inventory 44.4% 59.9% 70.7% 49.6% respirators 33.7% - 55.6% 49.3% - 69.7% 56.7% - 81.5% 41.3% - 57.9% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.2% 4.7% 4.9% 1.5% technologies 0.0% - 1.6% 2.1% - 9.9% 1.9% - 11.8% 0.9% - 2.8% Sought help from other utilities 9.5% 10.5% 16.4% 10.2% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 4.6% - 18.6% 6.3% - 17.1% 8.5% - 29.5% 6.2% - 16.3% Coordinated with local or state 19.6% 15.9% 38.0% 20.0% emergency management agency 12.2% - 30.1% 10.5% - 23.3% 20.7% - 58.9% 14.1% - 27.5% Other 11.3% 4.7% 9.9% 9.7% 5.9% - 20.5% 2.1% - 9.9% 4.6% - 20.3% 5.6% - 16.2% Observations 90 118 62 270 Alternative Found alternative supplier 29.7% 60.2% 52.7% 38.6% mask 19.8% - 41.9% 48.9% - 70.5% 39.6% - 65.4% 30.6% - 47.2% options Drew down existing inventory 29.5% 30.5% 48.7% 30.9% (surgical, 19.5% - 41.9% 21.1% - 42.0% 35.8% - 61.7% 23.2% - 39.8% cloth, etc.) Switched chemicals, procedures, or 3.6% 1.7% 3.3% 3.1% technologies 1.0% - 12.2% 0.4% - 6.4% 0.9% - 11.2% 1.1% - 8.6% Sought help from other utilities 19.0% 21.6% 25.8% 20.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 11.0% - 30.7% 13.2% - 33.3% 15.2% - 40.2% 13.7% - 28.3% Coordinated with local or state 24.1% 27.5% 31.4% 25.4% emergency management agency 15.1% - 36.3% 18.4% - 39.0% 20.8% - 44.3% 18.3% - 34.0% Other 1.7% 3.4% 4.9% 2.3% 0.2% - 11.0% 1.3% - 8.6% 1.7% - 13.2% 0.8% - 6.4% Observations 77 107 54 238 D-28 Table D.7 Page 1 of 3 ------- Table D.7. Question Bl.2.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Face shield Found alternative supplier 32.9% 51.1% 44.3% 37.1% and/or 21.0% - 47.4% 37.4% - 64.7% 29.4% - 60.2% 27.4% - 47.9% protective Drew down existing inventory 44.2% 41.4% 58.0% 44.4% eye wear 30.8% - 58.4% 28.0% - 56.2% 41.9% - 72.6% 33.9% - 55.5% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 2.7% 3.0% 4.6% 2.9% technologies 0.5% - 12.3% 0.8% - 11.2% 1.2% - 15.8% 0.9% - 8.8% Sought help from other utilities 8.7% 1.5% 16.8% 7.8% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 3.3% - 20.9% 0.2% - 9.8% 7.1% - 34.8% 3.5% - 16.6% Coordinated with local or state 11.1% 10.5% 14.1% 11.2% emergency management agency 4.8% - 23.7% 5.1% - 20.7% 5.8% - 30.4% 5.9% - 20.1% Other 0.4% 3.0% 4.6% 1.1% 0.1% - 2.6% 0.8% - 11.2% 1.2% - 15.8% 0.5% - 2.8% Observations 56 63 39 158 Nitrile Found alternative supplier 34.9% 54.6% 45.1% 39.5% and/or latex 25.8% - 45.3% 44.0% - 64.7% 28.0% - 63.3% 32.2% - 47.4% gloves Drew down existing inventory 70.3% 63.3% 77.8% 69.2% 60.0% - 78.8% 52.8% - 72.6% 64.5% - 87.2% 61.4% - 76.0% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 0.2% 4.9% 2.8% 1.3% technologies 0.0% - 1.4% 2.3% - 10.0% 0.7% - 9.9% 0.7% - 2.4% Sought help from other utilities 8.2% 7.2% 8.6% 8.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 4.0% - 16.2% 2.2% - 20.7% 3.4% - 20.1% 4.5% - 14.0% Coordinated with local or state 2.3% 6.8% 12.5% 3.8% emergency management agency 0.6% - 8.9% 3.6% - 12.5% 6.3% - 23.1% 1.9% - 7.3% Other 1.2% 5.3% 2.8% 2.1% 0.2% - 7.8% 2.6% - 10.6% 0.7% - 9.9% 0.9% - 5.0% Observations 105 121 53 279 D-29 Table D.7 Page 2 of 3 ------- Table D.7. Question Bl.2.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Tyvek suite Found alternative supplier 17.5% 39.9% 41.1% 22.4% and/or 8.1% - 33.6% 25.8% - 56.0% 25.1% - 59.1% 13.8% - 34.2% disposable Drew down existing inventory 50.4% 52.1% 71.1% 52.0% coveralls 34.4% - 66.3% 36.5% - 67.3% 54.0% - 83.7% 38.9% - 64.8% Switched chemicals, procedures, or 6.4% 5.4% 5.8% 6.2% technologies 1.8% - 20.1% 1.3% - 19.1% 1.5% - 19.8% 2.2% - 16.2% Sought help from other utilities 8.5% 2.7% 12.1% 7.8% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 2.7% - 23.6% 0.4% - 16.8% 3.8% - 32.6% 3.0% - 19.2% Coordinated with local or state 8.5% 8.0% 5.8% 8.2% emergency management agency 2.7% - 23.6% 2.6% - 22.2% 1.5% - 19.8% 3.2% - 19.4% Other 6.2% 2.7% 5.8% 5.6% 1.7% - 20.2% 0.4% - 16.8% 1.5% - 19.8% 1.8% - 16.0% Observations 43 39 31 113 Sanitizing Found alternative supplier 47.6% 58.3% 67.5% 51.1% wipes, 37.6% - 57.8% 48.2% - 67.8% 52.8% - 79.5% 43.3% - 58.8% sprays for Drew down existing inventory 41.9% 46.9% 66.6% 44.4% cleaning 32.3% - 52.2% 37.2% - 56.7% 51.9% - 78.6% 36.9% - 52.2% work Switched chemicals, procedures, or 15.3% 17.0% 23.6% 16.2% offices, or technologies 9.3% - 24.3% 11.7% - 24.2% 14.5% - 36.1% 11.4% - 22.6% gels for Sought help from other utilities 10.7% 7.3% 6.1% 9.7% hand or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 5.8% - 18.9% 2.5% - 19.3% 2.2% - 15.7% 5.8% - 15.8% sanitizing Coordinated with local or state 10.4% 9.4% 25.2% 11.1% emergency management agency 5.6% - 18.6% 5.6% - 15.2% 15.2% - 38.8% 7.1% - 16.8% Other 6.8% 5.5% 5.9% 6.5% 3.1% - 14.3% 2.9% - 10.3% 2.5% - 12.9% 3.5% - 11.6% Observations 109 134 65 308 D-30 Table D.7 Page 3 of 3 ------- Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Filter media Mean score (0 to 3) 0.010 0.020 0.042 0.013 -0.006 - 0.026 -0.002 - 0.041 0.004 - 0.079 -0.001 - 0.026 No impact (0) 99.4% 98.8% 96.7% 99.2% 97.6% - 99.9% 96.6% - 99.6% 92.4% - 98.6% 98.1% - 99.7% Slight (1) 0.2% 0.4% 2.5% 0.3% 0.0% - 0.6% 0.1% - 2.4% 0.9% - 6.5% 0.1% - 0.6% Moderate (2) 0.4% 0.8% 0.8% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.2% - 2.8% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.1% - 1.9% Severe (3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 275 242 94 611 Granular/ Mean score (0 to 3) 0.022 0.008 0.060 0.021 Powdered -0.007 - 0.051 -0.007 - 0.022 0.010 - 0.109 -0.003 - 0.045 Activated No impact (0) 99.0% 99.6% 94.9% 99.0% Carbon (GAC/ 96.8% - 99.7% 97.6% - 99.9% 88.4% - 97.8% 97.4% - 99.6% PAC) Slight (1) 0.1% 0.0% 4.3% 0.2% 0.0% - 0.4% N/A - N/A 1.6% - 10.8% 0.1% - 0.5% Moderate (2) 0.4% 0.4% 0.8% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.1% - 2.4% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.1% - 2.0% Severe (3) 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.1% - 2.9% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.0% - 2.3% Observations 275 242 94 611 D-31 Table D.8 Page 1 of 5 ------- Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Membrane modules Mean score (0 to 3) 0.009 -0.007 - 0.026 0.024 -0.003 - 0.051 0.042 0.004 - 0.079 0.013 -0.001 - 0.027 No impact (0) 99.5% 97.4% - 99.9% 98.8% 96.6% - 99.6% 96.7% 92.4% - 98.6% 99.3% 98.1% - 99.7% Slight (1) 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.4% 2.5% 0.9% - 6.5% 0.2% 0.1% - 0.5% Moderate (2) 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.4% 0.8% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.0% Severe (3) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.4% 0.1% - 2.4% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.1% 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 275 242 94 611 Pumps Mean score (0 to 3) 0.093 0.045 - 0.141 0.196 0.134 - 0.258 0.175 0.089 - 0.260 0.112 0.072 - 0.152 No impact (0) 94.0% 90.4% - 96.3% 85.5% 80.9% - 89.2% 87.5% 80.7% - 92.2% 92.5% 89.7% - 94.6% Slight (1) 3.1% 1.5% - 6.1% 10.1% 7.1% - 14.2% 8.3% 4.8% - 14.1% 4.4% 2.9% - 6.6% Moderate (2) 2.4% 1.1% - 5.1% 3.6% 1.9% - 6.5% 3.3% 1.4% - 7.6% 2.6% 1.4% - 4.6% Severe (3) 0.5% 0.1% - 2.6% 0.8% 0.2% - 2.8% 0.8% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.6% 0.2% - 1.9% Observations 275 242 94 611 D-32 Table D.8 Page 2 of 5 ------- Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Motors Mean score (0 to 3) 0.053 0.127 0.175 0.069 0.020 - 0.087 0.078 - 0.175 0.085 - 0.264 0.041 - 0.097 No impact (0) 96.2% 90.1% 88.4% 95.0% 93.1% - 97.9% 86.1% - 93.1% 81.8% - 92.8% 92.7% - 96.6% Slight (1) 2.3% 7.5% 7.5% 3.3% 1.0% - 5.0% 5.0% - 11.2% 4.2% - 13.1% 2.0% - 5.2% Moderate (2) 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 1.6% 0.6% - 3.8% 0.9% - 4.4% 0.9% - 6.5% 0.8% - 3.4% Severe (3) 0.0% 0.4% 1.7% 0.1% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.4% 0.5% - 5.4% 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 275 242 94 611 Pipes Mean score (0 to 3) 0.051 0.103 0.125 0.061 0.019 - 0.082 0.059 - 0.146 0.056 - 0.193 0.035 - 0.088 No impact (0) 95.9% 91.7% 90.9% 95.1% 92.7% - 97.8% 87.9% - 94.4% 84.9% - 94.6% 92.6% - 96.8% Slight (1) 3.1% 6.7% 5.8% 3.8% 1.5% - 6.1% 4.3% - 10.2% 3.0% - 10.9% 2.3% - 6.0% Moderate (2) 0.9% 1.2% 3.3% 1.0% 0.2% - 3.2% 0.4% - 3.4% 1.4% - 7.6% 0.4% - 2.6% Severe (3) 0.1% 0.4% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% 0.1% - 2.4% N/A - N/A 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 275 242 94 611 D-33 Table D.8 Page 3 of 5 ------- Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Valves Mean score (0 to 3) 0.063 0.027 - 0.099 0.146 0.093 - 0.200 0.125 0.053 - 0.196 0.078 0.048 - 0.108 No impact (0) 95.2% 91.7% - 97.2% 88.9% 84.7% - 92.1% 90.9% 84.9% - 94.6% 94.1% 91.4% - 95.9% Slight (1) 3.4% 1.8% - 6.6% 8.3% 5.6% - 12.1% 6.6% 3.6% - 12.0% 4.3% 2.8% - 6.7% Moderate (2) 1.3% 0.4% - 3.8% 2.0% 0.9% - 4.4% 1.7% 0.5% - 5.4% 1.4% 0.6% - 3.2% Severe (3) 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% 0.8% 0.2% - 2.8% 0.8% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.2% 0.1% - 0.5% Observations 275 242 94 611 Fuel Mean score (0 to 3) 0.010 -0.002 - 0.022 0.028 0.009 - 0.047 0.033 -0.001 - 0.068 0.014 0.004 - 0.023 No impact (0) 99.0% 96.8% - 99.7% 97.2% 94.5% - 98.6% 97.5% 93.5% - 99.1% 98.7% 97.2% - 99.4% Slight (1) 1.0% 0.3% - 3.2% 2.8% 1.4% - 5.5% 1.7% 0.5% - 5.4% 1.3% 0.6% - 2.8% Moderate (2) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.8% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.0% 0.0% - 0.2% Severe (3) Observations 275 242 94 611 D-34 Table D.8 Page 4 of 5 ------- Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that you experienced? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Vehicles Mean score (0 to 3) 0.016 0.036 0.050 0.020 -0.003 - 0.034 0.010 - 0.062 0.005 - 0.094 0.004 - 0.036 No impact (0) 99.0% 97.2% 96.7% 98.6% 96.8% - 99.7% 94.5% - 98.6% 92.4% - 98.6% 97.2% - 99.4% Slight (1) 0.5% 2.0% 1.7% 0.8% 0.1% - 2.6% 0.9% - 4.4% 0.5% - 5.4% 0.3% - 1.9% Moderate (2) 0.4% 0.8% 1.7% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.2% - 2.8% 0.5% - 5.4% 0.1% - 1.9% Severe (3) 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 275 242 94 611 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-35 Table D.8 Page 5 of 5 ------- Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reportinf j by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Filter media Unavailable from 13.4% 33.3% 50.0% 23.7% supplier(s) 1.7% - 57.5% 2.9% - 89.4% 8.5% - 91.5% 8.3% - 51.8% Delayed / backordered 100.0% 33.3% 50.0% 76.3% from supplier(s) N/A - N/A 2.9% - 89.4% 8.5% - 91.5% 48.2% - 91.7% Transportation / 86.6% 0.0% 75.0% 63.7% distribution difficulties 42.5% - 98.3% N/A - N/A 16.2% - 97.9% 44.1% - 79.6% Price 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 3 3 4 10 Granular/ Unavailable from 44.1% 100.0% 32.3% 45.5% Powdered supplier(s) 1.7% - 97.3% N/A - N/A 5.6% - 79.4% 4.2% - 94.1% Activated Delayed / backordered 3.7% 0.0% 32.3% 8.5% Carbon (GAC/ from supplier(s) 0.5% - 24.3% N/A - N/A 5.6% - 79.4% 3.5% - 19.2% PAC) Transportation / 0.0% 0.0% 83.8% 14.6% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 27.5% - 98.6% 4.9% - 36.4% Price 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 4 1 5 10 D-36 Table D.9 Page 1 of 5 ------- Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reportinf I by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Membrane Unavailable from 0.0% 0.0% 25.0% 4.1% modules supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.9% - 85.4% 0.4% - 28.4% Delayed / backordered 0.0% 33.3% 25.0% 12.9% from supplier(s) N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.4% 1.9% - 85.4% 2.2% - 49.0% Transportation / 84.5% 66.7% 25.0% 70.1% distribution difficulties 38.7% - 97.9% 8.6% - 97.7% 1.9% - 85.4% 43.1% - 87.9% Price 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 25.0% 4.1% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.9% - 85.4% 0.4% - 28.4% Observations 2 3 4 9 Pumps Unavailable from 9.6% 8.2% 0.0% 8.7% supplier(s) 2.0% - 35.5% 2.7% - 22.8% N/A - N/A 2.8% - 24.1% Delayed / backordered 96.1% 94.5% 86.7% 95.1% from supplier(s) 89.2% - 98.7% 80.4% - 98.6% 59.0% - 96.7% 90.0% - 97.7% Transportation / 9.6% 15.0% 46.7% 13.3% distribution difficulties 2.0% - 35.5% 6.7% - 30.2% 23.8% - 71.0% 6.2% - 26.6% Price 15.4% 2.7% 6.7% 11.1% 4.1% - 43.9% 0.4% - 17.3% 0.9% - 35.8% 3.4% - 30.3% Other 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 0.2% - 8.5% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.1% - 5.7% Observations 20 37 15 72 D-37 Table D.9 Page 2 of 5 ------- Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reportinf I by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Motors Unavailable from 15.2% 12.0% 7.1% 13.6% supplier(s) 3.0% - 50.7% 3.8% - 31.9% 1.0% - 37.8% 4.4% - 34.9% Delayed / backordered 73.7% 88.0% 92.9% 79.6% from supplier(s) 38.4% - 92.7% 68.1% - 96.2% 62.2% - 99.0% 55.8% - 92.4% Transportation / 26.3% 25.9% 42.9% 27.5% distribution difficulties 7.3% - 61.6% 12.5% - 46.2% 20.4% - 68.7% 12.9% - 49.2% Price 2.0% 0.0% 7.1% 1.8% 0.3% - 13.0% N/A - N/A 1.0% - 37.8% 0.4% - 7.7% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 14 26 14 54 Pipes Unavailable from 12.3% 9.6% 0.0% 10.8% supplier(s) 2.0% - 49.1% 2.3% - 32.0% N/A - N/A 2.6% - 34.9% Delayed / backordered 98.1% 85.7% 90.9% 94.3% from supplier(s) 87.8% - 99.7% 63.1% - 95.4% 54.9% - 98.8% 87.2% - 97.6% Transportation / 1.9% 16.5% 36.4% 8.0% distribution difficulties 0.3% - 12.2% 5.9% - 38.3% 14.0% - 66.8% 4.2% - 14.8% Price 10.4% 4.8% 9.1% 8.8% 1.3% - 51.2% 0.6% - 28.2% 1.2% - 45.1% 1.7% - 35.6% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 13 22 11 46 D-38 Table D.9 Page 3 of 5 ------- Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reportinf I by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Valves Unavailable from 10.3% 7.2% 9.1% 9.3% supplier(s) 1.7% - 43.2% 1.8% - 25.0% 1.2% - 45.1% 2.5% - 29.4% Delayed / backordered 89.7% 92.8% 100.0% 91.1% from supplier(s) 56.8% - 98.3% 75.0% - 98.2% N/A - N/A 70.5% - 97.8% Transportation / 10.3% 23.1% 36.4% 15.4% distribution difficulties 1.7% - 43.2% 11.1% - 42.1% 14.0% - 66.8% 6.6% - 32.1% Price 8.7% 0.0% 9.1% 6.2% 1.1% - 45.4% N/A - N/A 1.2% - 45.1% 0.9% - 31.7% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 14 29 11 54 Fuel Unavailable from 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Delayed / backordered 42.3% 42.9% 0.0% 39.7% from supplier(s) 1.9% - 96.5% 12.1% - 80.3% N/A - N/A 6.1% - 87.1% Transportation / 42.3% 42.9% 66.7% 44.0% distribution difficulties 1.9% - 96.5% 12.1% - 80.3% 8.1% - 97.9% 7.5% - 88.3% Price 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 7.7% 0.0% 0.0% 4.7% 1.0% - 41.1% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.5% - 30.6% Observations 4 7 3 14 D-39 Table D.9 Page 4 of 5 ------- Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reportinf I by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Vehicles Unavailable from supplier(s) 0.0% N/A - N/A 14.3% 1.6% - 62.4% 0.0% N/A - N/A 4.6% 0.6% - 28.3% Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 92.3% 60.9% - 98.9% 71.4% 29.6% - 93.7% 50.0% 9.0% - 91.0% 82.0% 62.8% - 92.5% Transportation / distribution difficulties 0.0% N/A - N/A 28.6% 6.3% - 70.4% 0.0% N/A - N/A 9.2% 2.3% - 30.4% Price 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 25.0% 2.3% - 82.8% 2.1% 0.3% - 14.2% Observations 4 7 4 15 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-40 Table D.9 Page 5 of 5 ------- Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Filter media Found alternative supplier 13.4% 66.7% 25.0% 28.1% 1.7% - 57.5% 10.6% - 97.1% 2.1% - 83.8% 11.7% - 53.7% Drew down existing inventory 86.6% 33.3% 75.0% 71.9% 42.5% - 98.3% 2.9% - 89.4% 16.2% - 97.9% 46.3% - 88.3% Switched chemicals, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% procedures, or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities 13.4% 0.0% 0.0% 8.1% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 1.7% - 57.5% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.9% - 45.6% Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 25.0% 3.7% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.1% - 83.8% 0.5% - 24.7% Observations 3 3 4 10 Granular/ Found alternative supplier 0.0% 0.0% 51.5% 9.0% Powdered N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 12.5% - 88.8% 1.7% - 36.6% Activated Drew down existing inventory 88.2% 100.0% 67.7% 85.4% Carbon (GAC/ 60.1% - 97.4% N/A - N/A 20.6% - 94.4% 63.6% - 95.1% PAC) Switched chemicals, 3.7% 0.0% 0.0% 2.8% procedures, or technologies 0.5% - 24.3% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.3% - 20.4% Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 0.0% 32.3% 5.6% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 5.6% - 79.4% 1.5% - 19.1% Observations 4 1 5 10 D-41 Table D.10 Page 1 of 5 ------- Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Membrane Found alternative supplier 84.5% 0.0% 50.0% 56.5% modules 38.7% - 97.9% N/A - N/A 7.7% - 92.3% 46.3% - 66.1% Drew down existing inventory 0.0% 33.3% 50.0% 17.0% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.4% 7.7% - 92.3% 4.2% - 48.6% Switched chemicals, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% procedures, or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 8.9% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.4% N/A - N/A 0.9% - 50.9% Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 0.0% 66.7% 25.0% 21.8% N/A - N/A 8.6% - 97.7% 1.9% - 85.4% 6.5% - 52.8% Observations 2 3 4 9 Pumps Found alternative supplier 35.3% 11.0% 33.3% 27.8% 15.1% - 62.5% 4.1% - 26.0% 14.4% - 59.7% 14.4% - 46.9% Drew down existing inventory 29.5% 35.7% 40.0% 32.0% 11.5% - 57.3% 21.9% - 52.3% 19.0% - 65.5% 18.2% - 49.9% Switched chemicals, 8.3% 5.5% 0.0% 7.0% procedures, or technologies 1.4% - 36.6% 1.4% - 19.6% N/A - N/A 1.8% - 24.0% Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 18.6% 45.1% 46.7% 28.2% 6.0% - 44.8% 29.9% - 61.3% 23.8% - 71.0% 16.9% - 43.1% Observations 20 37 15 72 D-42 Table D.10 Page 2 of 5 ------- Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Motors Found alternative supplier 11.1% 24.1% 28.6% 16.5% 1.3% - 53.7% 11.1% - 44.7% 11.0% - 56.5% 6.4% - 36.4% Drew down existing inventory 48.5% 38.0% 50.0% 45.4% 19.7% - 78.3% 21.3% - 58.1% 25.6% - 74.4% 25.9% - 66.4% Switched chemicals, 2.0% 4.0% 0.0% 2.5% procedures, or technologies 0.3% - 13.0% 0.5% - 24.3% N/A - N/A 0.6% - 9.4% Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 25.2% 43.8% 50.0% 32.9% 6.7% - 61.1% 26.0% - 63.3% 25.6% - 74.4% 17.3% - 53.6% Observations 14 26 14 54 Pipes Found alternative supplier 33.0% 19.1% 27.3% 29.0% 10.9% - 66.6% 7.2% - 41.9% 8.8% - 59.4% 12.7% - 53.4% Drew down existing inventory 53.8% 40.4% 36.4% 49.1% 23.9% - 81.2% 21.9% - 62.2% 14.0% - 66.8% 28.1% - 70.5% Switched chemicals, 0.0% 0.0% 9.1% 0.6% procedures, or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.2% - 45.1% 0.1% - 3.9% Sought help from other utilities 1.9% 4.8% 0.0% 2.5% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 0.3% - 12.2% 0.6% - 28.2% N/A - N/A 0.6% - 9.5% Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 23.5% 45.2% 45.5% 30.7% 6.3% - 58.4% 25.7% - 66.4% 19.8% - 73.8% 15.2% - 52.3% Observations 13 22 11 46 D-43 Table D.10 Page 3 of 5 ------- Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Valves Found alternative supplier 45.3% 25.1% 27.3% 38.4% 19.8% - 73.5% 12.3% - 44.4% 8.8% - 59.4% 21.0% - 59.5% Drew down existing inventory 43.7% 37.5% 54.5% 42.4% 18.7% - 72.4% 21.7% - 56.5% 26.2% - 80.2% 24.3% - 62.9% Switched chemicals, 0.0% 3.6% 0.0% 1.0% procedures, or technologies N/A - N/A 0.5% - 22.1% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 7.1% Sought help from other utilities 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) 0.2% - 10.4% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.1% - 7.1% Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 28.5% 42.7% 45.5% 33.6% 9.7% - 59.8% 26.0% - 61.3% 19.8% - 73.8% 18.1% - 53.6% Observations 14 29 11 54 Fuel Found alternative supplier 42.3% 28.6% 0.0% 35.0% 1.9% - 96.5% 5.9% - 71.8% N/A - N/A 4.6% - 85.9% Drew down existing inventory 0.0% 57.1% 33.3% 20.9% N/A - N/A 19.7% - 87.9% 2.1% - 91.9% 9.1% - 41.2% Switched chemicals, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% procedures, or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 7.7% 14.3% 66.7% 13.7% 1.0% - 41.1% 1.5% - 64.6% 8.1% - 97.9% 4.7% - 33.6% Observations 4 7 3 14 D-44 Table D.10 Page 4 of 5 ------- Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Vehicles Found alternative supplier 42.3% 0.0% 25.0% 27.2% 2.2% - 96.1% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 82.8% 2.8% - 82.9% Drew down existing inventory 7.7% 42.9% 0.0% 18.4% 1.1% - 39.1% 12.8% - 79.2% N/A - N/A 7.8% - 37.3% Switched chemicals, 0.0% 28.6% 0.0% 9.2% procedures, or technologies N/A - N/A 6.3% - 70.4% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 30.4% Sought help from other utilities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Coordinated with local or state 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% emergency management agency N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Other 42.3% 28.6% 50.0% 38.5% 2.2% - 96.1% 6.3% - 70.4% 9.0% - 91.0% 6.5% - 85.0% Observations 4 7 4 15 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-45 Table D.10 Page 5 of 5 ------- Table D.ll. Question B2.1: What kinds of shortages or supply chain disruptions are you most concerned about from present day through December 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Treatment Chemicals 11.1% 7.7% - 15.6% 15.8% 11.9% - 20.6% 20.1% 12.9% - 30.0% 12.1% 9.2% - 15.8% PPE 23.5% 18.7% - 29.2% 40.5% 33.7% - 47.8% 43.6% 32.0% - 55.9% 26.9% 22.7% - 31.5% Durable Goods and Other Equipment and Supplies 16.3% 12.2% - 21.4% 22.0% 16.7% - 28.4% 21.8% 14.3% - 31.8% 17.4% 13.9% - 21.6% None 67.1% 61.0% - 72.6% 45.2% 38.6% - 52.1% 44.3% 31.3% - 58.1% 62.9% 57.9% - 67.6% Observations 271 239 93 603 D-46 Table D.11 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Carbon dioxide Mean score (0 to 3) 0.009 -0.003 - 0.020 0.004 -0.003 - 0.011 0.034 -0.001 - 0.069 0.009 -0.001 - 0.018 None (0) 99.1% 96.7% - 99.8% 99.6% 97.5% - 99.9% 97.5% 93.4% - 99.1% 99.2% 97.4% - 99.7% Slight (1) 0.9% 0.2% - 3.3% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.5% 1.7% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.8% 0.3% - 2.6% Moderate (2) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.8% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.0% 0.0% - 0.2% Severe(3) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 270 239 93 602 Ferric chloride Mean score (0 to 3) 0.019 0.002 - 0.036 0.054 0.015 - 0.093 0.181 0.074 - 0.287 0.030 0.015 - 0.046 None (0) 98.2% 95.5% - 99.3% 97.0% 94.3% - 98.4% 88.8% 81.5% - 93.5% 97.7% 95.8% - 98.7% Slight (1) 1.7% 0.6% - 4.4% 1.4% 0.5% - 3.5% 5.9% 3.1% - 11.1% 1.8% 0.8% - 3.8% Moderate (2) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.8% 0.2% - 2.9% 3.5% 1.2% - 10.3% 0.2% 0.1% - 0.6% Severe(3) 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% 0.8% 0.2% - 2.9% 1.7% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.2% 0.1% - 0.6% Observations 270 239 93 602 D-47 Table D.12 Page 1 of 6 ------- Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Fluoride Mean score (0 to 3) 0.017 0.004 0.034 0.016 -0.003 - 0.037 -0.003 - 0.011 -0.001 - 0.069 -0.001 - 0.032 None (0) 98.7% 99.6% 97.5% 98.8% 96.1% - 99.6% 97.5% - 99.9% 93.4% - 99.1% 96.9% - 99.6% Slight (1) 0.9% 0.4% 1.7% 0.8% 0.2% - 3.3% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.3% - 2.6% Moderate (2) 0.4% 0.0% 0.8% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 4.4% 0.1% - 2.2% Severe(3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 270 239 93 602 Gaseous Mean score (0 to 3) 0.030 0.086 0.072 0.041 chlorine 0.003 - 0.058 0.034 - 0.138 -0.030 - 0.175 0.017 - 0.064 None (0) 97.8% 95.4% 96.5% 97.4% 95.0% - 99.1% 92.3% - 97.3% 89.7% - 98.8% 95.3% - 98.6% Slight (1) 1.3% 2.6% 1.7% 1.5% 0.4% - 3.9% 1.3% - 5.2% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.7% - 3.3% Moderate (2) 0.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 0.2% - 3.3% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.2% - 2.7% Severe(3) 0.0% 2.0% 1.8% 0.4% N/A - N/A 0.9% - 4.5% 0.3% - 10.6% 0.2% - 0.8% Observations 270 239 93 602 D-48 Table D.12 Page 2 of 6 ------- Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Liquid Mean score (0 to 3) 0.009 0.004 0.051 0.009 oxygen -0.003 - 0.020 -0.002 - 0.010 0.005 - 0.096 0.000 - 0.019 None (0) 99.1% 99.8% 96.6% 99.2% 96.7% - 99.8% 99.0% - 100.0% 92.2% - 98.6% 97.4% - 99.7% Slight (1) 0.9% 0.0% 1.7% 0.7% 0.2% - 3.3% N/A - N/A 0.5% - 5.5% 0.2% - 2.6% Moderate (2) 0.0% 0.2% 1.7% 0.1% N/A - N/A 0.0% - 1.0% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.0% - 0.2% Severe(3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 270 239 93 602 Lime Mean score (0 to 3) 0.013 0.004 0.034 0.012 -0.001 - 0.027 -0.003 - 0.011 -0.001 - 0.069 0.000 - 0.024 None (0) 98.7% 99.6% 97.5% 98.8% 96.1% - 99.6% 97.5% - 99.9% 93.4% - 99.1% 96.9% - 99.6% Slight (1) 1.3% 0.4% 1.7% 1.2% 0.4% - 3.9% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.4% - 3.1% Moderate (2) 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.2% - 4.4% 0.0% - 0.2% Severe(3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 270 239 93 602 D-49 Table D.12 Page 3 of 6 ------- Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Orthophosphate Mean score (0 to 3) 0.010 -0.002 - 0.022 0.000 0.000 - 0.000 0.034 -0.001 - 0.069 0.009 0.000 - 0.019 None (0) 99.1% 96.7% - 99.7% 100.0% N/A - N/A 97.5% 93.4% - 99.1% 99.2% 97.4% - 99.7% Slight (1) 0.9% 0.2% - 3.3% 0.0% N/A - N/A 1.7% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.7% 0.2% - 2.6% Moderate (2) 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.8% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.1% 0.0% - 0.4% Severe(3) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 270 239 93 602 Polymers Mean score (0 to 3) 0.059 0.024 - 0.094 0.154 0.089 - 0.219 0.366 0.196 - 0.537 0.084 0.054 - 0.115 None (0) 95.8% 92.5% - 97.7% 91.2% 87.3% - 94.0% 79.9% 70.0% - 87.1% 94.5% 92.1% - 96.3% Slight (1) 2.6% 1.2% - 5.6% 4.6% 2.7% - 7.7% 9.6% 5.1% - 17.5% 3.2% 1.8% - 5.3% Moderate (2) 1.5% 0.6% - 3.9% 1.8% 0.8% - 4.1% 4.4% 1.7% - 11.0% 1.7% 0.8% - 3.4% Severe(3) 0.1% 0.0% - 0.5% 2.4% 1.1% - 5.0% 6.1% 2.8% - 12.7% 0.7% 0.4% - 1.1% Observations 270 239 93 602 D-50 Table D.12 Page 4 of 6 ------- Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Potassium Mean score (0 to 3) 0.023 0.016 0.034 0.022 permanganate 0.001 - 0.045 -0.007 - 0.039 -0.001 - 0.069 0.004 - 0.040 None (0) 98.2% 99.2% 97.5% 98.3% 95.5% - 99.3% 97.1% - 99.8% 93.4% - 99.1% 96.3% - 99.3% Slight (1) 1.3% 0.4% 1.7% 1.2% 0.4% - 3.9% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.4% - 3.1% Moderate (2) 0.5% 0.0% 0.8% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.6% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 4.4% 0.1% - 2.1% Severe(3) 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.1% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.5% N/A - N/A 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 270 239 93 602 Sodium Mean score (0 to 3) 0.014 0.050 0.098 0.023 hydroxide 0.000 - 0.029 0.016 - 0.084 0.015 - 0.181 0.010 - 0.036 None (0) 98.6% 97.2% 92.9% 98.2% 96.1% - 99.5% 94.7% - 98.6% 85.1% - 96.8% 96.5% - 99.1% Slight (1) 1.3% 0.6% 4.4% 1.3% 0.4% - 3.9% 0.1% - 2.3% 1.7% - 11.0% 0.5% - 3.2% Moderate (2) 0.1% 2.2% 2.7% 0.5% 0.0% - 0.5% 1.0% - 4.6% 0.7% - 9.9% 0.3% - 0.9% Severe(3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 270 239 93 602 D-51 Table D.12 Page 5 of 6 ------- Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Sodium Mean score (0 to 3) 0.074 0.116 0.233 0.086 hypochlorite 0.034 - 0.114 0.064 - 0.167 0.110 - 0.357 0.052 - 0.120 None (0) 94.2% 92.4% 87.0% 93.7% 90.5% - 96.5% 88.7% - 95.0% 78.7% - 92.4% 90.8% - 95.7% Slight (1) 4.7% 4.4% 5.2% 4.7% 2.6% - 8.3% 2.5% - 7.5% 2.2% - 11.8% 2.9% - 7.5% Moderate (2) 0.6% 2.4% 5.2% 1.0% 0.1% - 2.5% 1.2% - 4.8% 2.2% - 11.8% 0.5% - 2.1% Severe(3) 0.5% 0.8% 2.5% 0.6% 0.1% - 2.6% 0.2% - 2.9% 0.9% - 6.6% 0.2% - 1.9% Observations 270 239 93 602 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-52 Table D.12 Page 6 of 6 ------- Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Carbon Unavailable from 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 3.4% dioxide supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.4% 0.4% - 22.7% Delayed / backordered 50.0% 100.0% 66.7% 55.5% from supplier(s) 1.6% - 98.4% N/A - N/A 8.6% - 97.7% 3.9% - 97.4% Transportation / 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 3.4% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.4% 0.4% - 22.7% Price 50.0% 0.0% 33.3% 44.5% 1.6% - 98.4% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.4% 2.6% - 96.1% Other Observations 2 1 3 6 Ferric Unavailable from 0.0% 59.8% 15.2% 14.8% chloride supplier(s) N/A - N/A 23.4% - 87.9% 3.4% - 47.5% 7.5% - 27.2% Delayed / backordered 71.7% 86.6% 53.1% 71.7% from supplier(s) 18.5% - 96.6% 39.3% - 98.5% 24.6% - 79.7% 34.4% - 92.4% Transportation / 0.0% 40.2% 30.3% 13.3% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A 12.1% - 76.6% 10.7% - 61.2% 6.4% - 25.7% Price 23.9% 0.0% 7.6% 16.3% 2.1% - 81.9% N/A - N/A 0.9% - 42.1% 2.0% - 64.7% Other 100.0% 100.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 5 8 12 25 D-53 Table D.13 Page 1 of 6 ------- Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Fluoride Unavailable from 33.3% 100.0% 33.3% 36.9% supplier(s) 2.4% - 91.1% N/A - N/A 2.4% - 91.0% 4.5% - 87.9% Delayed / backordered 33.3% 100.0% 33.3% 36.9% from supplier(s) 2.4% - 91.1% N/A - N/A 2.4% - 91.0% 4.5% - 87.9% Transportation / 0.0% 100.0% 33.3% 7.8% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.4% - 91.0% 4.1% - 14.3% Price 33.3% 0.0% 33.3% 31.6% 2.4% - 91.1% N/A - N/A 2.4% - 91.0% 2.9% - 87.5% Other Observations 3 1 3 7 Gaseous Unavailable from 19.7% 34.9% 76.1% 26.5% chlorine supplier(s) 2.0% - 74.5% 13.0% - 65.8% 18.5% - 97.8% 8.0% - 60.2% Delayed / backordered 60.7% 78.5% 76.1% 66.4% from supplier(s) 17.1% - 92.0% 46.9% - 93.8% 18.5% - 97.8% 30.9% - 89.7% Transportation / 19.7% 47.6% 76.1% 30.1% distribution difficulties 2.0% - 74.5% 21.3% - 75.3% 18.5% - 97.8% 10.2% - 61.9% Price 19.7% 0.0% 23.9% 14.4% 2.0% - 74.5% N/A - N/A 2.2% - 81.5% 1.9% - 59.1% Other Observations 6 12 3 21 D-54 Table D.13 Page 2 of 6 ------- Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Liquid Unavailable from 0.0% 100.0% 25.0% 6.9% oxygen supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.8% - 85.8% 1.7% - 24.6% Delayed / backordered 50.0% 100.0% 50.0% 51.7% from supplier(s) 1.1% - 98.9% N/A - N/A 7.5% - 92.5% 2.4% - 97.9% Transportation / 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% 6.9% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 7.5% - 92.5% 1.7% - 24.6% Price 50.0% 0.0% 25.0% 44.8% 1.1% - 98.9% N/A - N/A 1.8% - 85.8% 1.8% - 97.3% Other Observations 2 1 4 7 Lime Unavailable from 33.3% 100.0% 33.3% 36.9% supplier(s) 2.3% - 91.3% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.2% 4.4% - 88.2% Delayed / backordered 33.3% 100.0% 66.7% 39.3% from supplier(s) 2.3% - 91.3% N/A - N/A 8.8% - 97.7% 5.1% - 88.6% Transportation / 0.0% 100.0% 33.3% 7.8% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.2% 4.1% - 14.4% Price 33.3% 0.0% 33.3% 31.6% 2.3% - 91.3% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.2% 2.9% - 87.8% Other Observations 3 1 3 7 D-55 Table D.13 Page 3 of 6 ------- Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Orthophosphate Unavailable from supplier(s) 0.0% N/A - N/A 33.3% 2.4% - 91.1% 3.4% 0.4% - 22.2% Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 45.8% 2.0% - 97.2% 66.7% 8.9% - 97.6% 48.0% 3.2% - 96.3% Transportation / distribution difficulties 0.0% N/A - N/A 33.3% 2.4% - 91.1% 3.4% 0.4% - 22.2% Price 45.8% 2.0% - 97.2% 33.3% 2.4% - 91.1% 44.5% 2.7% - 95.9% Other Observations 3 3 6 Polymers Unavailable from supplier(s) 42.6% 16.6% - 73.4% 34.0% 17.5% - 55.7% 31.0% 13.1% - 57.4% 39.0% 21.1% - 60.5% Delayed / backordered from supplier(s) 47.2% 19.7% - 76.5% 77.2% 55.1% - 90.3% 73.9% 48.2% - 89.6% 58.2% 37.4% - 76.4% Transportation / distribution difficulties 12.1% 1.9% - 48.6% 52.3% 32.0% - 71.9% 44.5% 23.3% - 67.9% 26.3% 14.7% - 42.6% Price 20.4% 4.7% - 57.1% 4.6% 0.6% - 27.1% 17.6% 5.3% - 45.2% 16.0% 5.1% - 40.2% Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 31.4% 2.8% - 87.8% Observations 14 23 19 56 D-56 Table D.13 Page 4 of 6 ------- Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Potassium Unavailable from 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 1.7% permanganate supplier(s) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.4% 0.2% - 12.4% Delayed / backordered 71.7% 100.0% 66.7% 73.6% from supplier(s) 18.2% - 96.6% N/A - N/A 8.6% - 97.7% 23.0% - 96.3% Transportation / 0.0% 50.0% 33.3% 5.6% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A 2.8% - 97.2% 2.3% - 91.4% 1.1% - 23.1% Price 23.9% 0.0% 33.3% 22.6% 2.1% - 82.2% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.4% 2.5% - 77.1% Other 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Observations 5 2 3 10 Sodium Unavailable from 31.4% 50.0% 64.2% 40.4% hydroxide supplier(s) 2.3% - 89.7% 17.2% - 82.8% 27.4% - 89.4% 11.0% - 78.8% Delayed / backordered 62.8% 64.5% 88.1% 66.7% from supplier(s) 9.9% - 96.3% 26.3% - 90.2% 41.8% - 98.7% 24.1% - 92.6% Transportation / 31.4% 57.8% 38.1% 38.8% distribution difficulties 2.3% - 89.7% 23.0% - 86.3% 7.9% - 81.5% 10.2% - 78.0% Price 31.4% 14.5% 38.1% 28.2% 2.3% - 89.7% 1.7% - 62.6% 7.9% - 81.5% 5.0% - 74.3% Other 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Observations 4 8 6 18 D-57 Table D.13 Page 5 of 6 ------- Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Sodium Unavailable from 38.3% 39.4% 27.2% 37.7% hypochlorite supplier(s) 16.7% - 65.8% 20.4% - 62.3% 8.4% - 60.3% 20.3% - 59.0% Delayed / backordered 67.8% 78.9% 67.5% 69.9% from supplier(s) 39.7% - 87.1% 54.7% - 92.0% 39.7% - 86.7% 48.2% - 85.2% Transportation / 14.8% 39.4% 46.7% 21.7% distribution difficulties 3.5% - 45.4% 20.4% - 62.3% 21.0% - 74.3% 10.0% - 40.7% Price 14.8% 0.0% 27.2% 12.8% 3.5% - 45.4% N/A - N/A 8.4% - 60.3% 3.8% - 35.6% Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 31.4% 2.8% - 87.9% Observations 16 20 13 49 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-58 Table D.13 Page 6 of 6 ------- Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Carbon Seek alternative supplier 50.0% 0.0% 66.7% 48.0% dioxide 1.6% - 98.4% N/A - N/A 8.6% - 97.7% 3.1% - 96.4% Increase purchasing / maintain a 0.0% 100.0% 66.7% 14.4% larger than typical inventory N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 8.6% - 97.7% 8.7% - 22.9% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements w/ neighboring 50.0% 0.0% 0.0% 41.1% utilities or mutual aid network 1.6% - 98.4% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.1% - 95.7% Other Observations 2 1 3 6 Ferric Seek alternative supplier 47.8% 40.2% 37.9% 44.6% chloride 8.8% - 89.7% 12.1% - 76.6% 15.1% - 67.7% 15.5% - 77.9% Increase purchasing / maintain a 23.9% 46.4% 54.5% 33.6% larger than typical inventory 2.1% - 81.9% 15.6% - 80.1% 26.1% - 80.2% 10.7% - 68.1% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 15.2% 2.5% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 3.4% - 47.5% 0.6% - 9.3% Make arrangements with neighboring 23.9% 0.0% 7.6% 16.3% utilities or mutual aid network 2.1% - 81.9% N/A - N/A 0.9% - 42.1% 2.0% - 64.7% Other 100.0% 100.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 5 8 12 25 D-59 Table D.14 Page 1 of 6 ------- Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Fluoride Seek alternative supplier 33.3% 0.0% 66.7% 34.0% 2.4% - 91.1% N/A - N/A 9.0% - 97.6% 3.6% - 87.6% Increase purchasing / maintain a 33.3% 0.0% 66.7% 34.0% larger than typical inventory 2.4% - 91.1% N/A - N/A 9.0% - 97.6% 3.6% - 87.6% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements w/ neighboring 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 29.1% utilities or mutual aid network 2.4% - 91.1% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.4% - 87.5% Other Observations 3 1 3 7 Gaseous Seek alternative supplier 60.7% 52.4% 23.9% 56.6% chlorine 17.1% - 92.0% 24.7% - 78.7% 2.2% - 81.5% 24.9% - 83.7% Increase purchasing / maintain a 19.7% 56.4% 76.1% 32.5% larger than typical inventory 2.0% - 74.5% 27.5% - 81.4% 18.5% - 97.8% 11.9% - 63.2% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 8.7% 0.0% 2.4% technologies N/A - N/A 1.1% - 45.5% N/A - N/A 0.3% - 16.0% Make arrangements w/ neighboring 39.3% 0.0% 0.0% 26.6% utilities or mutual aid network 8.0% - 82.9% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 6.4% - 65.5% Other 100.0% 100.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 6 12 3 21 D-60 Table D.14 Page 2 of 6 ------- Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Liquid Seek alternative supplier 50.0% 0.0% 50.0% 48.3% oxygen 1.1% - 98.9% N/A - N/A 7.5% - 92.5% 2.1% - 97.6% Increase purchasing / maintain a 0.0% 100.0% 50.0% 10.4% larger than typical inventory N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 7.5% - 92.5% 4.0% - 24.4% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements w/ neighboring 50.0% 0.0% 0.0% 41.3% utilities or mutual aid network 1.1% - 98.9% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.5% - 97.1% Other 100.0% 100.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 2 1 4 7 Lime Seek alternative supplier 33.3% 0.0% 33.3% 31.6% 2.3% - 91.3% N/A - N/A 2.3% - 91.2% 2.9% - 87.8% Increase purchasing / maintain a 66.7% 0.0% 66.7% 63.1% larger than typical inventory 8.7% - 97.7% N/A - N/A 8.8% - 97.7% 11.8% - 95.6% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements w/ neighboring 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 29.1% utilities or mutual aid network 2.3% - 91.3% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.3% - 87.8% Other Observations 3 1 3 7 D-61 Table D.14 Page 3 of 6 ------- Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Orthophos- Seek alternative supplier 45.8% 66.7% 48.0% phate 2.0% - 97.2% 8.9% - 97.6% 3.2% - 96.3% Increase purchasing / maintain a 0.0% 66.7% 6.9% larger than typical inventory N/A - N/A 8.9% - 97.6% 2.5% - 17.9% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements w/ neighboring 45.8% 0.0% 41.1% utilities or mutual aid network 2.0% - 97.2% N/A - N/A 2.2% - 95.5% Other Observations 3 3 6 Polymers Seek alternative supplier 43.5% 31.9% 29.5% 38.8% 17.2% - 74.0% 15.9% - 53.9% 14.2% - 51.3% 20.9% - 60.2% Increase purchasing / maintain a 54.7% 68.1% 87.4% 62.2% larger than typical inventory 24.8% - 81.5% 46.1% - 84.1% 66.6% - 96.0% 40.5% - 79.9% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 4.2% 0.5% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.6% - 25.2% 0.1% - 3.6% Make arrangements w/ neighboring 10.2% 4.6% 9.2% 8.6% utilities or mutual aid network 1.2% - 50.8% 0.6% - 27.1% 1.3% - 43.4% 1.8% - 32.7% Other 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 57.8% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 14.9% - 91.5% Observations 14 23 19 56 D-62 Table D.14 Page 4 of 6 ------- Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Potassium Seek alternative supplier 47.8% 50.0% 66.7% 49.0% perman- 8.7% - 89.9% 2.8% - 97.2% 8.6% - 97.7% 11.5% - 87.6% ganate Increase purchasing / maintain a 47.8% 50.0% 66.7% 49.0% larger than typical inventory 8.7% - 89.9% 2.8% - 97.2% 8.6% - 97.7% 11.5% - 87.6% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements w/ neighboring 23.9% 50.0% 0.0% 24.6% utilities or mutual aid network 2.1% - 82.2% 2.8% - 97.2% N/A - N/A 3.1% - 77.1% Other 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Observations 5 2 3 10 Sodium Seek alternative supplier 62.8% 43.4% 35.8% 54.4% hydroxide 9.9% - 96.3% 13.7% - 78.7% 10.6% - 72.6% 18.7% - 86.1% Increase purchasing / maintain a 62.8% 50.0% 88.1% 63.1% larger than typical inventory 9.9% - 96.3% 17.2% - 82.8% 41.8% - 98.7% 22.7% - 90.9% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements w/ neighboring 31.4% 0.0% 26.1% 23.0% utilities or mutual aid network 2.3% - 89.7% N/A - N/A 3.6% - 77.1% 3.0% - 73.9% Other 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A 100.0% N/A - N/A Observations 4 8 6 18 D-63 Table D.14 Page 5 of 6 ------- Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Sodium Seek alternative supplier 29.5% 37.0% 46.7% 32.2% hypochlo- 11.0% - 58.6% 18.5% - 60.3% 21.0% - 74.3% 16.3% - 53.5% rite Increase purchasing / maintain a 76.5% 63.0% 53.3% 72.3% larger than typical inventory 47.3% - 92.2% 39.7% - 81.5% 25.7% - 79.0% 51.8% - 86.4% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements w/ neighboring 22.1% 0.0% 20.7% 17.9% utilities or mutual aid network 6.9% - 52.0% N/A - N/A 5.0% - 56.6% 6.3% - 41.3% Other 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 57.8% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 14.8% - 91.6% Observations 16 20 13 49 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-64 Table D.14 Page 6 of 6 ------- Table D.15. Question B2.2.1: How severe are your concerns about personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All N95 masks Mean score (0 to 3) 0.188 0.413 0.427 0.232 and/or 0.123 - 0.254 0.324 - 0.503 0.264 - 0.591 0.177 - 0.287 elastomeric None (0) 86.3% 68.3% 73.0% 83.0% respirators 81.5% - 90.1% 60.7% - 74.9% 62.2% - 81.6% 79.0% - 86.4% Slight (1) 9.8% 24.2% 12.2% 12.2% 6.7% - 14.2% 17.8% - 32.0% 7.0% - 20.3% 9.3% - 15.8% Moderate (2) 2.5% 5.6% 14.0% 3.3% 1.1% - 5.2% 3.5% - 8.9% 8.2% - 22.9% 2.1% - 5.3% Severe(3) 1.4% 2.0% 0.8% 1.4% 0.5% - 3.9% 0.9% - 4.5% 0.2% - 4.4% 0.6% - 3.3% Observations 270 239 93 602 Alternative Mean score (0 to 3) 0.160 0.341 0.356 0.195 mask 0.104 - 0.216 0.261 - 0.422 0.225 - 0.488 0.148 - 0.242 options None (0) 87.8% 70.7% 72.1% 84.6% (surgical, 83.2% - 91.3% 63.1% - 77.3% 61.3% - 80.9% 80.8% - 87.8% cloth, etc.) Slight (1) 9.0% 25.4% 20.1% 12.0% 6.0% - 13.2% 18.9% - 33.1% 12.9% - 30.0% 9.1% - 15.5% Moderate (2) 2.6% 3.2% 7.8% 2.9% 1.3% - 5.3% 1.7% - 5.9% 4.0% - 14.6% 1.7% - 4.9% Severe(3) 0.6% 0.8% 0.0% 0.6% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.2% - 2.9% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 1.9% Observations 270 239 93 602 D-65 Table D.15 Page 1 of 3 ------- Table D.15. Question B2.2.1: How severe are your concerns about personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Face shield and/or protective eye wear Mean score (0 to 3) 0.147 0.093 - 0.201 0.244 0.172 - 0.316 0.296 0.175 - 0.416 0.167 0.122 - 0.212 None (0) 88.6% 84.1% - 92.0% 78.6% 71.4% - 84.4% 76.5% 66.3% - 84.4% 86.6% 82.9% - 89.7% Slight (1) 8.1% 5.2% - 12.2% 18.8% 13.2% - 26.0% 17.4% 10.9% - 26.6% 10.1% 7.5% - 13.4% Moderate (2) 3.3% 1.7% - 6.3% 2.2% 1.0% - 4.6% 6.1% 2.8% - 12.7% 3.2% 1.8% - 5.6% Severe(3) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.4% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.1% 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 270 239 93 602 Nitrile and/or latex gloves Mean score (0 to 3) 0.291 0.211 - 0.371 0.487 0.379 - 0.596 0.525 0.343 - 0.707 0.330 0.262 - 0.397 None (0) 80.4% 75.0% - 84.9% 64.5% 57.1% - 71.2% 66.7% 55.2% - 76.6% 77.4% 73.0% - 81.3% Slight (1) 11.8% 8.3% - 16.4% 23.5% 17.6% - 30.7% 15.7% 9.5% - 24.8% 13.7% 10.7% - 17.5% Moderate (2) 6.3% 3.8% - 10.1% 10.8% 6.7% - 17.0% 15.9% 9.5% - 25.4% 7.3% 5.1% - 10.4% Severe(3) 1.6% 0.6% - 3.9% 1.2% 0.4% - 3.4% 1.7% 0.5% - 5.5% 1.5% 0.7% - 3.3% Observations 270 239 93 602 D-66 Table D.15 Page 2 of 3 ------- Table D.15. Question B2.2.1: How severe are your concerns about personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Tyvek suite Mean score (0 to 3) 0.119 0.184 0.233 0.134 and/or 0.067 - 0.172 0.121 - 0.247 0.123 - 0.343 0.090 - 0.177 disposable None (0) 91.0% 85.0% 82.8% 89.8% coveralls 86.8% - 94.0% 78.8% - 89.6% 73.9% - 89.0% 86.4% - 92.4% Slight (1) 7.0% 11.6% 11.2% 7.9% 4.4% - 11.0% 7.4% - 17.8% 6.5% - 18.5% 5.6% - 11.1% Moderate (2) 0.9% 3.4% 6.1% 1.5% 0.3% - 3.3% 1.8% - 6.2% 2.8% - 12.7% 0.8% - 2.9% Severe(3) 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 0.3% - 3.2% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.3% - 2.6% Observations 270 239 93 602 Sanitizing Mean score (0 to 3) 0.256 0.481 0.503 0.300 wipes, 0.183 - 0.329 0.388 - 0.575 0.335 - 0.672 0.239 - 0.361 sprays for None (0) 81.3% 64.5% 66.1% 78.1% cleaning 76.0% - 85.7% 57.1% - 71.2% 54.5% - 75.9% 73.7% - 82.0% work Slight (1) 12.8% 25.4% 19.2% 15.0% offices, or 9.2% - 17.5% 18.9% - 33.1% 12.2% - 29.0% 11.7% - 18.9% gels for Moderate (2) 4.9% 7.8% 13.0% 5.6% hand 2.8% - 8.4% 5.2% - 11.5% 7.6% - 21.3% 3.8% - 8.3% sanitizing Severe(3) 1.0% 2.4% 1.7% 1.3% 0.3% - 3.2% 1.1% - 5.0% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.6% - 2.8% Observations 270 239 93 602 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-67 Table D.15 Page 3 of 3 ------- Table D.16. Question B2.2.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All N95 masks Unavailable from 55.6% 40.9% 42.5% 50.5% and/or supplier(s) 38.5% - 71.4% 28.5% - 54.6% 24.4% - 62.8% 38.6% - 62.4% elastomeric Delayed / backordered 57.3% 67.8% 76.9% 61.5% respirators from supplier(s) 40.1% - 72.9% 54.9% - 78.5% 54.5% - 90.3% 49.2% - 72.4% Transportation / 3.7% 5.1% 16.2% 4.8% distribution difficulties 0.7% - 18.1% 1.9% - 12.8% 5.9% - 37.5% 1.9% - 11.6% Price 17.4% 7.6% 26.2% 15.0% 7.9% - 34.0% 3.4% - 16.1% 12.0% - 48.2% 8.2% - 25.8% Other 3.1% 1.3% 0.0% 2.4% 0.4% - 19.7% 0.2% - 8.4% N/A - N/A 0.4% - 12.2% Observations 41 69 26 136 Alternative Unavailable from 33.5% 21.8% 21.8% 29.3% mask supplier(s) 19.0% - 52.1% 13.1% - 33.8% 9.7% - 42.0% 19.1% - 42.0% options Delayed / backordered 71.9% 81.6% 77.6% 75.2% (surgical, from supplier(s) 53.6% - 85.0% 70.1% - 89.3% 55.6% - 90.6% 62.9% - 84.4% cloth, etc.) Transportation / 4.2% 5.5% 16.3% 5.3% distribution difficulties 0.7% - 20.1% 2.0% - 13.9% 5.4% - 39.8% 2.1% - 12.8% Price 18.9% 9.6% 18.8% 16.1% 8.4% - 37.0% 4.5% - 19.2% 7.7% - 39.2% 8.7% - 27.8% Other 0.0% 0.0% 3.0% 0.2% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.4% - 18.1% 0.0% - 1.2% Observations 40 63 27 130 D-68 Table D.16 Page 1 of 3 ------- Table D.16. Question B2.2.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Face shield Unavailable from 24.0% 38.4% 18.7% 27.3% and/or supplier(s) 11.5% - 43.4% 22.0% - 57.9% 6.8% - 42.1% 16.8% - 41.1% protective Delayed / backordered 78.1% 57.9% 58.3% 71.8% eye wear from supplier(s) 59.4% - 89.7% 38.9% - 74.8% 36.6% - 77.2% 58.8% - 82.0% Transportation / 4.5% 9.4% 11.5% 6.1% distribution difficulties 0.8% - 21.4% 3.8% - 21.3% 2.7% - 37.5% 2.4% - 14.7% Price 5.1% 11.3% 18.7% 7.5% 1.1% - 20.5% 4.9% - 23.6% 6.8% - 42.1% 3.4% - 15.6% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 34 46 23 103 Nitrile Unavailable from 51.4% 42.7% 42.1% 48.8% and/or latex supplier(s) 37.4% - 65.2% 29.9% - 56.6% 25.6% - 60.7% 38.3% - 59.3% gloves Delayed / backordered 76.4% 71.4% 84.3% 75.5% from supplier(s) 62.4% - 86.3% 56.9% - 82.4% 66.2% - 93.6% 65.4% - 83.5% Transportation / 2.6% 7.9% 21.8% 4.9% distribution difficulties 0.5% - 13.0% 3.8% - 15.8% 9.5% - 42.5% 2.4% - 9.7% Price 9.5% 17.4% 34.5% 12.8% 3.9% - 21.6% 10.6% - 27.4% 19.3% - 53.7% 7.7% - 20.3% Other 2.2% 2.3% 0.0% 2.1% 0.3% - 14.2% 0.6% - 8.5% N/A - N/A 0.5% - 8.8% Observations 59 79 31 169 D-69 Table D.16 Page 2 of 3 ------- Table D.16. Question B2.2.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Tyvek suite Unavailable from 40.7% 44.0% 30.4% 40.9% and/or supplier(s) 22.2% - 62.3% 24.8% - 65.3% 12.7% - 56.7% 26.3% - 57.2% disposable Delayed / backordered 74.0% 56.0% 64.7% 69.3% coveralls from supplier(s) 51.9% - 88.3% 34.7% - 75.2% 39.3% - 83.9% 53.2% - 81.8% Transportation / 0.0% 5.4% 20.5% 2.4% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A 1.3% - 19.6% 6.5% - 49.2% 1.0% - 5.9% Price 7.4% 13.4% 20.5% 9.5% 1.9% - 24.9% 5.4% - 29.4% 6.5% - 49.2% 4.3% - 20.0% Other 0.0% 0.0% 4.9% 0.3% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.7% - 28.2% 0.0% - 1.9% Observations 26 34 18 78 Sanitizing Unavailable from 47.7% 50.6% 43.3% 48.2% wipes, supplier(s) 33.7% - 62.1% 36.9% - 64.2% 27.3% - 60.9% 37.7% - 58.9% sprays for Delayed / backordered 63.8% 65.1% 87.1% 65.3% cleaning from supplier(s) 48.9% - 76.4% 51.0% - 77.0% 69.2% - 95.3% 54.4% - 74.8% work Transportation / 2.7% 4.5% 15.9% 3.9% offices, or distribution difficulties 0.5% - 13.6% 1.7% - 11.5% 6.0% - 35.8% 1.6% - 9.2% gels for Price 19.2% 10.2% 31.3% 17.5% hand 10.1% - 33.4% 5.3% - 18.7% 17.0% - 50.3% 10.7% - 27.3% sanitizing Other 2.3% 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 0.3% - 14.8% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.2% - 10.5% Observations 56 79 33 168 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-70 Table D.16 Page 3 of 3 ------- Table D.17. Question B2.2.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All N95 masks Seek alternative supplier 56.1% 53.4% 48.1% 54.9% and/or 39.0% - 71.9% 38.2% - 68.1% 29.3% - 67.6% 42.8% - 66.5% elastomeric Increase purchasing / maintain a 53.6% 71.0% 64.4% 59.3% respirators larger than typical inventory 36.7% - 69.7% 58.5% - 81.0% 43.5% - 80.9% 47.1% - 70.5% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.6% 5.1% 6.3% 2.2% technologies 0.1% - 3.8% 1.9% - 12.8% 1.6% - 21.6% 1.1% - 4.6% Make arrangements w/ neighboring 19.4% 5.6% 13.1% 15.0% utilities or mutual aid network 9.1% - 36.7% 2.3% - 13.3% 4.0% - 35.1% 7.9% - 26.6% Other 3.1% 5.6% 0.0% 3.7% 0.4% - 19.7% 2.3% - 13.3% N/A - N/A 1.2% - 11.2% Observations 41 69 26 136 Alternative Seek alternative supplier 43.1% 51.7% 69.1% 47.3% mask 26.8% - 61.1% 35.8% - 67.3% 49.3% - 83.7% 35.4% - 59.6% options Increase purchasing / maintain a 61.4% 76.1% 84.3% 67.2% (surgical, larger than typical inventory 43.1% - 76.9% 63.7% - 85.3% 63.5% - 94.3% 54.4% - 77.9% cloth, etc.) Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 2.7% 3.0% 1.0% technologies N/A - N/A 0.7% - 10.3% 0.4% - 18.1% 0.3% - 3.2% Make arrangements w/ neighboring 14.1% 6.1% 22.4% 12.2% utilities or mutual aid network 5.3% - 32.3% 2.4% - 14.4% 9.4% - 44.4% 5.9% - 23.6% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 40 63 27 130 D-71 Table D.17 Page 1 of 3 ------- Table D.17. Question B2.2.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Face shield Seek alternative supplier 56.2% 39.2% 43.9% 51.2% and/or 37.4% - 73.4% 24.7% - 56.0% 25.0% - 64.8% 37.5% - 64.7% protective Increase purchasing / maintain a 47.3% 69.1% 59.0% 53.5% eye wear larger than typical inventory 29.5% - 65.7% 53.2% - 81.5% 37.1% - 77.8% 39.7% - 66.8% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 5.6% 3.6% 1.6% technologies N/A - N/A 1.8% - 16.4% 0.5% - 21.5% 0.6% - 4.3% Make arrangements w/ neighboring 11.3% 5.6% 11.5% 9.9% utilities or mutual aid network 3.6% - 30.2% 1.8% - 16.4% 2.7% - 37.5% 4.0% - 22.5% Other 0.0% 3.8% 0.0% 0.9% N/A - N/A 0.9% - 14.1% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 3.6% Observations 34 46 23 103 Nitrile Seek alternative supplier 54.9% 53.4% 63.0% 55.0% and/or latex 40.8% - 68.4% 39.4% - 66.8% 43.9% - 78.7% 44.3% - 65.2% gloves Increase purchasing / maintain a 68.1% 78.0% 89.8% 71.6% larger than typical inventory 53.6% - 79.8% 63.0% - 88.1% 76.1% - 96.1% 60.8% - 80.4% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 10.7% 10.7% 3.2% technologies N/A - N/A 3.4% - 29.2% 3.3% - 29.5% 1.1% - 8.6% Make arrangements w/ neighboring 15.3% 6.2% 13.2% 12.9% utilities or mutual aid network 7.4% - 28.8% 2.7% - 13.4% 4.8% - 31.5% 7.1% - 22.4% Other 0.0% 2.3% 0.0% 0.6% N/A - N/A 0.6% - 8.5% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.1% Observations 59 79 31 169 D-72 Table D.17 Page 2 of 3 ------- Table D.17. Question B2.2.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Tyvek suite Seek alternative supplier 58.9% 64.0% 54.9% 59.8% and/or 37.4% - 77.4% 44.9% - 79.5% 31.2% - 76.5% 43.7% - 74.1% disposable Increase purchasing / maintain a 41.6% 47.9% 74.5% 45.0% coveralls larger than typical inventory 23.0% - 63.0% 29.0% - 67.4% 47.2% - 90.5% 30.2% - 60.6% Switch chemicals, procedures, or 0.0% 2.7% 4.9% 0.9% technologies N/A - N/A 0.4% - 17.2% 0.7% - 28.2% 0.2% - 3.9% Make arrangements w/ neighboring 19.0% 5.4% 15.6% 15.7% utilities or mutual aid network 7.2% - 41.8% 1.3% - 19.6% 3.8% - 46.5% 6.8% - 32.3% Other 4.8% 2.7% 4.9% 4.3% 0.6% - 28.3% 0.4% - 17.2% 0.7% - 28.2% 0.8% - 19.0% Observations 26 34 18 78 Sanitizing Seek alternative supplier 57.3% 50.5% 66.7% 56.0% wipes, 42.6% - 70.7% 36.9% - 64.1% 48.5% - 81.0% 45.3% - 66.3% sprays for Increase purchasing / maintain a 70.2% 80.3% 92.5% 74.0% cleaning larger than typical inventory 55.5% - 81.7% 70.0% - 87.7% 79.7% - 97.5% 63.4% - 82.4% work Switch chemicals, procedures, or 3.1% 6.2% 23.8% 5.0% offices, or technologies 0.7% - 12.9% 2.7% - 13.4% 11.2% - 43.6% 2.4% - 10.0% gels for Make arrangements w/ neighboring 18.3% 5.0% 17.9% 14.9% hand utilities or mutual aid network 9.4% - 32.7% 2.0% - 11.9% 8.0% - 35.4% 8.4% - 25.0% Other 2.3% 2.3% 2.5% 2.3% 0.3% - 14.8% 0.6% - 8.5% 0.4% - 14.9% 0.6% - 8.9% Observations 56 79 33 168 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-73 Table D.17 Page 3 of 3 ------- Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment and supplies, etc.? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Filter media Mean score (0 to 3) 0.025 0.040 0.082 0.029 0.002 - 0.047 -0.004 - 0.083 0.000 - 0.163 0.010 - 0.048 None (0) 98.1% 96.0% 94.6% 97.6% 95.5% - 99.2% 88.5% - 98.7% 86.5% - 97.9% 95.5% - 98.7% Slight (1) 1.4% 4.0% 2.7% 1.9% 0.5% - 3.9% 1.3% - 11.5% 0.7% - 10.0% 0.9% - 3.9% Moderate (2) 0.5% 0.0% 2.7% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.6% N/A - N/A 0.7% - 10.0% 0.1% - 2.0% Severe (3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 269 239 92 600 Granular/ Mean score (0 to 3) 0.035 0.030 0.109 0.037 Powdered 0.002 - 0.068 -0.013 - 0.072 -0.003 - 0.220 0.009 - 0.065 Activated None (0) 97.8% 97.0% 93.7% 97.5% Carbon (GAC/ 95.0% - 99.0% 88.2% - 99.3% 85.8% - 97.3% 95.2% - 98.7% PAC) Slight (1) 1.4% 3.0% 3.6% 1.7% 0.5% - 3.9% 0.7% - 11.8% 1.2% - 10.4% 0.8% - 3.7% Moderate (2) 0.4% 0.0% 0.9% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 4.5% 0.1% - 2.2% Severe (3) 0.4% 0.0% 1.9% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% N/A - N/A 0.3% - 10.7% 0.1% - 2.1% Observations 269 239 92 600 D-74 Table D.18 Page 1 of 5 ------- Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment and supplies, etc.? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Chain Issue Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Membrane modules Mean score (0 to 3) 0.022 0.000 - 0.044 0.034 -0.009 - 0.077 0.017 -0.003 - 0.037 0.024 0.005 - 0.043 None (0) 98.2% 95.5% - 99.3% 96.6% 88.5% - 99.1% 98.3% 94.5% - 99.5% 98.0% 95.8% - 99.0% Slight (1) 1.4% 0.5% - 3.9% 3.4% 0.9% - 11.5% 1.7% 0.5% - 5.5% 1.7% 0.8% - 3.7% Moderate (2) 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.3% 0.0% - 2.4% Severe (3) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A Observations 269 239 92 600 Pumps Mean score (0 to 3) 0.171 0.104 - 0.239 0.210 0.141 - 0.279 0.283 0.139 - 0.426 0.181 0.125 - 0.237 None (0) 89.1% 84.6% - 92.4% 84.0% 77.8% - 88.7% 83.3% 74.1% - 89.7% 88.1% 84.5% - 91.0% Slight (1) 5.9% 3.6% - 9.6% 11.4% 7.2% - 17.5% 6.0% 3.1% - 11.2% 6.8% 4.6% - 9.7% Moderate (2) 3.7% 2.0% - 6.9% 4.2% 2.4% - 7.2% 9.9% 5.0% - 18.6% 4.0% 2.4% - 6.4% Severe (3) 1.3% 0.4% - 3.9% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.9% 0.2% - 4.5% 1.1% 0.4% - 3.1% Observations 269 239 92 600 D-75 Table D.18 Page 2 of 5 ------- Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment and supplies, etc.? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Motors Mean score (0 to 3) 0.139 0.194 0.300 0.153 0.079 - 0.200 0.127 - 0.261 0.150 - 0.449 0.103 - 0.204 None (0) 90.9% 85.0% 83.3% 89.7% 86.7% - 93.9% 78.8% - 89.6% 74.1% - 89.7% 86.3% - 92.4% Slight (1) 5.1% 11.0% 5.1% 6.0% 2.9% - 8.6% 6.9% - 17.1% 2.5% - 10.1% 4.0% - 8.8% Moderate (2) 3.2% 3.6% 9.9% 3.5% 1.6% - 6.2% 2.0% - 6.5% 5.0% - 18.6% 2.0% - 5.8% Severe (3) 0.9% 0.4% 1.7% 0.8% 0.2% - 3.3% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.5% - 5.5% 0.3% - 2.6% Observations 269 239 92 600 Pipes Mean score (0 to 3) 0.112 0.138 0.179 0.118 0.062 - 0.162 0.080 - 0.195 0.064 - 0.293 0.077 - 0.160 None (0) 91.4% 88.2% 88.4% 90.8% 87.2% - 94.3% 82.1% - 92.4% 79.6% - 93.7% 87.4% - 93.4% Slight (1) 6.3% 9.8% 5.3% 6.9% 3.9% - 10.1% 5.8% - 15.9% 2.2% - 11.9% 4.7% - 9.9% Moderate (2) 1.8% 2.0% 6.3% 2.0% 0.7% - 4.5% 0.9% - 4.5% 2.7% - 14.2% 1.0% - 3.9% Severe (3) 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.1% - 2.9% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.0% - 2.4% Observations 269 239 92 600 D-76 Table D.18 Page 3 of 5 ------- Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment and supplies, etc.? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Valves Mean score (0 to 3) 0.121 0.186 0.238 0.135 0.069 - 0.172 0.121 - 0.251 0.114 - 0.363 0.092 - 0.178 None (0) 91.0% 85.0% 84.2% 89.8% 86.7% - 94.0% 78.8% - 89.6% 75.0% - 90.4% 86.4% - 92.5% Slight (1) 5.9% 11.8% 7.8% 6.9% 3.6% - 9.6% 7.6% - 17.9% 4.0% - 14.7% 4.8% - 9.9% Moderate (2) 3.1% 2.8% 8.0% 3.2% 1.5% - 6.2% 1.4% - 5.5% 3.9% - 15.9% 1.8% - 5.6% Severe (3) 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.1% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.5% N/A - N/A 0.0% - 0.4% Observations 269 239 92 600 Fuel Mean score (0 to 3) 0.044 0.102 0.064 0.054 0.014 - 0.075 0.047 - 0.157 -0.011 - 0.140 0.028 - 0.081 None (0) 96.4% 92.0% 95.4% 95.7% 93.2% - 98.1% 85.7% - 95.7% 87.1% - 98.5% 93.1% - 97.3% Slight (1) 2.7% 5.8% 2.7% 3.2% 1.3% - 5.7% 2.6% - 12.4% 0.7% - 10.0% 1.8% - 5.6% Moderate (2) 0.9% 2.2% 1.9% 1.1% 0.2% - 3.3% 1.0% - 4.6% 0.3% - 10.7% 0.4% - 2.7% Severe (3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 269 239 92 600 D-77 Table D.18 Page 4 of 5 ------- Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment and supplies, etc.? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Vehicles Mean score (0 to 3) 0.053 0.042 0.054 0.051 0.016 - 0.090 -0.002 - 0.086 -0.016 - 0.125 0.021 - 0.082 None (0) 96.4% 95.8% 96.4% 96.3% 93.2% - 98.1% 88.4% - 98.6% 89.6% - 98.8% 93.7% - 97.9% Slight (1) 1.9% 4.2% 1.7% 2.2% 0.8% - 4.5% 1.4% - 11.6% 0.5% - 5.5% 1.1% - 4.4% Moderate (2) 1.7% 0.0% 1.9% 1.4% 0.7% - 4.4% N/A - N/A 0.3% - 10.7% 0.6% - 3.6% Severe (3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 269 239 92 600 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-78 Table D.18 Page 5 of 5 ------- Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Filter media Unavailable from 22.0% 59.7% 50.0% 34.1% supplier(s) 2.3% - 77.2% 16.6% - 91.7% 9.0% - 91.0% 9.5% - 71.9% Delayed / backordered 78.0% 34.9% 65.7% 65.7% from supplier(s) 22.8% - 97.7% 6.9% - 79.4% 14.7% - 95.5% 27.8% - 90.5% Transportation / 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% 3.9% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 9.0% - 91.0% 0.8% - 16.1% Price 26.0% 0.0% 15.7% 18.4% 3.6% - 76.7% N/A - N/A 1.6% - 68.2% 3.0% - 61.7% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 7 6 4 17 Granular/ Unavailable from 38.6% 73.2% 13.6% 43.0% Powdered supplier(s) 8.0% - 81.9% 20.4% - 96.7% 1.3% - 65.1% 13.9% - 78.0% Activated Delayed / backordered 57.9% 26.8% 100.0% 55.6% Carbon (GAC/ from supplier(s) 16.7% - 90.4% 3.3% - 79.6% N/A - N/A 21.1% - 85.4% PAC) Transportation / 0.0% 0.0% 13.6% 1.2% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.3% - 65.1% 0.2% - 8.3% Price 19.3% 0.0% 13.6% 15.1% 2.0% - 73.5% N/A - N/A 1.3% - 65.1% 1.9% - 61.7% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 6 3 5 14 D-79 Table D.19 Page 1 of 5 ------- Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Membrane Unavailable from 23.9% 64.5% 50.0% 35.3% modules supplier(s) 2.2% - 81.2% 17.2% - 94.1% 1.6% - 98.4% 7.7% - 78.1% Delayed / backordered 76.1% 23.6% 100.0% 63.0% from supplier(s) 18.8% - 97.8% 3.2% - 74.2% N/A - N/A 21.1% - 91.6% Transportation / 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% 1.4% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.6% - 98.4% 0.2% - 10.4% Price 23.9% 0.0% 50.0% 18.4% 2.2% - 81.2% N/A - N/A 1.6% - 98.4% 2.1% - 69.9% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 5 4 2 11 Pumps Unavailable from 24.7% 36.1% 37.7% 27.7% supplier(s) 11.7% - 44.8% 18.3% - 58.7% 16.6% - 64.8% 16.4% - 43.0% Delayed / backordered 88.2% 81.3% 78.6% 86.2% from supplier(s) 68.5% - 96.2% 48.9% - 95.2% 48.7% - 93.4% 71.5% - 94.0% Transportation / 17.2% 13.7% 21.4% 16.7% distribution difficulties 7.0% - 36.6% 5.9% - 28.7% 6.6% - 51.3% 8.3% - 30.8% Price 25.4% 10.0% 10.2% 21.4% 12.3% - 45.4% 3.7% - 24.6% 2.5% - 33.7% 11.3% - 36.8% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 32 37 16 85 D-80 Table D.19 Page 2 of 5 ------- Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Motors Unavailable from 29.6% 38.5% 37.7% 32.1% supplier(s) 14.1% - 51.8% 19.8% - 61.3% 16.6% - 64.8% 19.1% - 48.6% Delayed / backordered 85.8% 80.0% 78.6% 84.1% from supplier(s) 63.4% - 95.5% 46.8% - 94.8% 48.6% - 93.4% 67.6% - 93.1% Transportation / 20.6% 13.4% 21.4% 19.0% distribution difficulties 8.3% - 42.6% 5.4% - 29.4% 6.6% - 51.4% 9.3% - 34.8% Price 29.6% 10.7% 10.2% 24.2% 14.1% - 51.8% 3.9% - 26.1% 2.5% - 33.8% 12.7% - 41.1% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 27 34 16 77 Pipes Unavailable from 30.4% 38.7% 47.0% 32.8% supplier(s) 14.2% - 53.5% 17.2% - 65.8% 18.7% - 77.4% 18.7% - 50.9% Delayed / backordered 80.0% 78.0% 83.9% 79.8% from supplier(s) 56.6% - 92.5% 38.9% - 95.2% 39.8% - 97.6% 61.1% - 90.8% Transportation / 15.9% 17.0% 23.5% 16.5% distribution difficulties 5.4% - 38.7% 6.7% - 36.9% 5.4% - 62.2% 7.3% - 33.0% Price 31.3% 10.2% 14.8% 26.3% 14.9% - 54.2% 3.1% - 28.7% 3.4% - 45.7% 13.6% - 44.7% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 25 26 10 61 D-81 Table D.19 Page 3 of 5 ------- Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Valves Unavailable from 19.4% 35.8% 39.7% 24.3% supplier(s) 7.4% - 42.0% 17.4% - 59.6% 17.5% - 67.2% 13.2% - 40.5% Delayed / backordered 84.8% 80.0% 82.8% 83.6% from supplier(s) 62.8% - 94.9% 46.9% - 94.8% 49.7% - 95.9% 67.1% - 92.7% Transportation / 15.2% 13.4% 17.2% 14.8% distribution difficulties 5.1% - 37.2% 5.4% - 29.4% 4.1% - 50.3% 6.6% - 30.1% Price 25.1% 8.0% 10.8% 20.4% 11.0% - 47.5% 2.5% - 22.8% 2.6% - 35.4% 9.9% - 37.2% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 26 34 15 75 Fuel Unavailable from 23.9% 49.8% 59.3% 32.8% supplier(s) 5.4% - 63.2% 21.2% - 78.5% 10.3% - 94.9% 13.8% - 59.8% Delayed / backordered 52.2% 42.5% 59.3% 49.6% from supplier(s) 20.7% - 82.0% 17.7% - 71.7% 10.3% - 94.9% 25.8% - 73.5% Transportation / 0.0% 35.1% 59.3% 12.4% distribution difficulties N/A - N/A 14.1% - 64.2% 10.3% - 94.9% 7.3% - 20.4% Price 35.9% 5.0% 59.3% 27.7% 11.1% - 71.5% 0.6% - 31.1% 10.3% - 94.9% 10.2% - 56.3% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 10 16 3 29 D-82 Table D.19 Page 4 of 5 ------- Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Vehicles Unavailable from 23.9% 61.8% 23.9% 30.7% supplier(s) 5.4% - 63.3% 19.2% - 91.7% 1.6% - 85.7% 10.5% - 62.7% Delayed / backordered 64.1% 38.2% 100.0% 60.7% from supplier(s) 28.4% - 89.0% 8.3% - 80.8% N/A - N/A 30.6% - 84.3% Transportation / 12.0% 0.0% 23.9% 10.2% distribution difficulties 1.4% - 56.3% N/A - N/A 1.6% - 85.7% 1.4% - 47.0% Price 47.8% 0.0% 23.9% 38.4% 17.9% - 79.4% N/A - N/A 1.6% - 85.7% 15.1% - 68.6% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 10 6 3 19 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-83 Table D.19 Page 5 of 5 ------- Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Filter media Seek alternative supplier 52.0% 30.2% 31.4% 44.7% 12.9% - 88.8% 5.9% - 74.9% 8.1% - 70.5% 15.6% - 78.0% Increase purchasing / maintain 26.0% 79.8% 65.7% 43.2% a larger than typical inventory 3.6% - 76.7% 34.8% - 96.7% 14.7% - 95.5% 14.7% - 77.1% Switch chemicals, procedures, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements with neighbor- 26.0% 0.0% 0.0% 17.1% ing utilities or mutual aid network 3.6% - 76.7% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.5% - 62.1% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 7 6 4 17 Granular/ Seek alternative supplier 38.6% 13.4% 100.0% 39.1% Powdered 8.0% - 81.9% 1.0% - 70.1% N/A - N/A 12.3% - 74.6% Activated Increase purchasing / maintain 42.1% 100.0% 86.4% 57.0% Carbon (GAC/ a larger than typical inventory 9.6% - 83.3% N/A - N/A 34.9% - 98.7% 22.0% - 86.1% PAC) Switch chemicals, procedures, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements with neighbor- 19.3% 0.0% 0.0% 14.0% ing utilities or mutual aid network 2.0% - 73.5% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.5% - 62.9% Other 19.3% 0.0% 0.0% 14.0% 2.0% - 73.5% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.5% - 62.9% Observations 6 3 5 14 D-84 Table D.20 Page 1 of 5 ------- Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Membrane Seek alternative supplier 52.2% 23.6% 100.0% 46.1% modules 10.7% - 90.9% 3.2% - 74.2% N/A - N/A 13.0% - 82.9% Increase purchasing / maintain 28.3% 88.2% 100.0% 46.1% a larger than typical inventory 3.5% - 80.9% 33.1% - 99.1% N/A - N/A 13.0% - 82.9% Switch chemicals, procedures, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements with neighbor- 23.9% 0.0% 0.0% 16.9% ing utilities or mutual aid network 2.2% - 81.2% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.7% - 70.9% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 5 4 2 11 Pumps Seek alternative supplier 63.8% 67.6% 73.5% 65.1% 43.8% - 79.9% 49.7% - 81.5% 44.9% - 90.4% 49.7% - 77.9% Increase purchasing / maintain 40.9% 30.1% 41.9% 38.6% a larger than typical inventory 23.8% - 60.5% 16.8% - 47.9% 20.0% - 67.5% 25.3% - 54.0% Switch chemicals, procedures, 3.9% 0.0% 0.0% 2.9% or technologies 0.5% - 24.1% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.4% - 18.6% Make arrangements with neighbor- 16.5% 10.0% 0.0% 14.3% ing utilities or mutual aid network 6.4% - 36.2% 3.7% - 24.6% N/A - N/A 6.4% - 29.0% Other 4.7% 6.2% 5.1% 5.0% 0.8% - 22.3% 1.8% - 18.8% 0.7% - 29.4% 1.5% - 15.8% Observations 32 37 16 85 D-85 Table D.20 Page 2 of 5 ------- Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Motors Seek alternative supplier 66.1% 60.1% 73.5% 65.1% 44.0% - 82.9% 37.6% - 79.0% 44.9% - 90.4% 48.5% - 78.7% Increase purchasing / maintain 39.5% 44.0% 52.1% 41.2% a larger than typical inventory 21.4% - 61.1% 24.8% - 65.3% 27.5% - 75.7% 26.7% - 57.5% Switch chemicals, procedures, 4.7% 0.0% 0.0% 3.4% or technologies 0.6% - 28.1% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.5% - 21.1% Make arrangements with neighbor- 18.9% 8.0% 0.0% 15.3% ing utilities or mutual aid network 7.1% - 41.5% 2.5% - 22.8% N/A - N/A 6.5% - 32.0% Other 5.6% 2.7% 5.1% 4.9% 1.0% - 26.1% 0.4% - 17.2% 0.7% - 29.6% 1.2% - 18.4% Observations 27 34 16 77 Pipes Seek alternative supplier 69.1% 56.0% 76.5% 66.8% 46.1% - 85.4% 31.1% - 78.2% 37.8% - 94.6% 48.7% - 80.9% Increase purchasing / maintain 31.8% 23.8% 30.9% 30.2% a larger than typical inventory 15.3% - 54.6% 10.7% - 44.9% 9.1% - 66.5% 16.8% - 48.0% Switch chemicals, procedures, 5.0% 18.6% 14.8% 8.2% or technologies 0.7% - 29.4% 3.1% - 62.3% 3.4% - 45.7% 2.2% - 25.9% Make arrangements with neighbor- 15.9% 10.2% 0.0% 14.1% ing utilities or mutual aid network 5.4% - 38.7% 3.1% - 28.7% N/A - N/A 5.5% - 31.4% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 25 26 10 61 D-86 Table D.20 Page 3 of 5 ------- Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Valves Seek alternative supplier 76.2% 62.8% 72.1% 72.8% 53.4% - 89.9% 39.4% - 81.4% 42.7% - 89.9% 56.2% - 84.9% Increase purchasing / maintain 34.2% 38.7% 54.9% 36.3% a larger than typical inventory 17.3% - 56.4% 19.8% - 61.7% 28.8% - 78.5% 22.5% - 52.9% Switch chemicals, procedures, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements with neighbor- 15.2% 10.7% 0.0% 13.3% ing utilities or mutual aid network 5.1% - 37.2% 3.9% - 26.1% N/A - N/A 5.5% - 29.0% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Observations 26 34 15 75 Fuel Seek alternative supplier 76.1% 25.1% 40.7% 59.9% 36.8% - 94.6% 9.0% - 53.2% 5.1% - 89.7% 34.8% - 80.7% Increase purchasing / maintain 12.0% 52.5% 40.7% 24.9% a larger than typical inventory 1.4% - 56.0% 23.5% - 79.9% 5.1% - 89.7% 9.3% - 51.7% Switch chemicals, procedures, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements with neighbor- 12.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8.0% ing utilities or mutual aid network 1.4% - 56.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 1.0% - 43.1% Other 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% 1.5% N/A - N/A 0.6% - 31.1% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 10.0% Observations 10 16 3 29 D-87 Table D.20 Page 4 of 5 ------- Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Supply Percentage Reporting by Population Served Chain Issue Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Vehicles Seek alternative supplier 64.1% 19.1% 23.9% 54.7% 28.4% - 89.0% 3.2% - 62.9% 1.6% - 85.7% 26.3% - 80.3% Increase purchasing / maintain 23.9% 61.8% 23.9% 30.7% a larger than typical inventory 5.4% - 63.3% 19.2% - 91.7% 1.6% - 85.7% 10.5% - 62.7% Switch chemicals, procedures, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% or technologies N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Make arrangements with neighbor- 26.1% 0.0% 52.2% 22.3% ing utilities or mutual aid network 6.5% - 64.0% N/A - N/A 13.0% - 88.9% 6.2% - 55.2% Other 12.0% 9.6% 0.0% 11.1% 1.4% - 56.3% 0.9% - 54.4% N/A - N/A 1.8% - 46.3% Observations 10 6 3 19 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-88 Table D.20 Page 5 of 5 ------- Table D.21. Question B3: Has your organization made any requests for personnel, supplies, or equipment to your tribal, local, or state emergency operations center (EOC), primacy agency, or similar organization? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Percentage Reporting by Population Served Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Yes, entirely fulfilled 11.9% 21.2% 28.4% 13.9% 8.4% - 16.5% 16.0% - 27.6% 15.5% - 46.3% 10.8% - 17.7% Yes, partly fulfilled 5.8% 7.3% 11.3% 6.2% 3.5% - 9.5% 4.8% - 11.0% 6.5% - 18.7% 4.2% - 9.1% Yes, not fulfilled 0.4% 0.0% 1.9% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% N/A - N/A 0.3% - 10.7% 0.1% - 2.1% No, support was not needed 70.6% 58.1% 52.3% 68.0% 64.6% - 75.9% 51.0% - 64.9% 39.0% - 65.3% 63.1% - 72.6% No, but we would have used it if it had 4.1% 5.1% 2.6% 4.2% been available or if we had known of it 2.2% - 7.4% 2.0% - 12.0% 1.0% - 6.7% 2.5% - 6.9% Do not know 7.3% 8.3% 3.6% 7.3% 4.6% - 11.3% 5.6% - 12.2% 1.2% - 10.4% 5.0% - 10.5% Observations 271 236 92 599 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-89 Table D.21 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.22. Question C.l: To what extent did your organization experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical functions to maintain operations, from January 2020 through present day? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Personnel Type Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Licensed or certified operators Mean Score (0- 3) 0.28 0.20 - 0.36 0.53 0.44 - 0.63 0.49 0.34 - 0.65 0.33 0.26 - 0.39 No Shortage (0) 80.1% 74.7% - 84.6% 60.5% 53.7% - 66.9% 63.6% 52.2% - 73.7% 76.5% 72.1% - 80.4% Slight Shortage (1) 13.3% 9.6% - 18.2% 26.0% 20.4% - 32.6% 23.4% 15.9% - 33.1% 15.7% 12.4% - 19.6% Moderate Shortage (2) 5.2% 3.1% - 8.7% 13.1% 9.6% - 17.6% 13.0% 7.9% - 20.7% 6.7% 4.8% - 9.4% Severe Shorage (3) 1.4% 0.5% - 3.9% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 1.2% 0.4% - 3.1% Laboratory technicians/ sample analysts Mean Score (0- 3) 0.14 0.08 - 0.19 0.33 0.25 - 0.41 0.42 0.27 - 0.56 0.18 0.13 - 0.22 No Shortage (0) 90.0% 85.7% - 93.1% 74.4% 67.9% - 80.0% 70.5% 59.8% - 79.3% 86.9% 83.4% - 89.7% Slight Shortage (1) 6.6% 4.1% - 10.4% 19.1% 14.1% - 25.4% 18.3% 11.8% - 27.3% 9.0% 6.7% - 12.0% Moderate Shortage (2) 3.0% 1.5% - 5.9% 5.6% 3.5% - 9.0% 10.4% 5.9% - 17.7% 3.6% 2.3% - 5.8% Severe Shorage (3) 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.8% 0.2% - 2.9% 0.9% 0.2% - 4.5% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.0% D-90 Table D.22 Page 1 of 4 ------- Table D.22. Question C.l: To what extent did your organization experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical functions to maintain operations, from January 2020 through present day? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Personnel Type Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Field Workers (meter reading, sampling, maintenance, etc.) Mean Score (0- 3) 0.26 0.19 - 0.33 0.42 0.34 - 0.51 0.48 0.32 - 0.65 0.29 0.23 - 0.35 No Shortage (0) 80.8% 75.4% - 85.2% 67.3% 60.5% - 73.3% 66.8% 55.5% - 76.3% 78.2% 73.9% - 82.0% Slight Shortage (1) 13.2% 9.6% - 18.1% 23.7% 18.2% - 30.2% 19.1% 12.6% - 27.9% 15.1% 11.8% - 19.0% Moderate Shortage (2) 5.0% 3.0% - 8.4% 8.5% 5.7% - 12.3% 13.3% 7.8% - 21.7% 5.8% 4.0% - 8.4% Severe Shorage (3) 0.9% 0.3% - 3.2% 0.6% 0.2% - 2.3% 0.9% 0.2% - 4.6% 0.9% 0.3% - 2.6% Engineering/ design/ construction personnel Mean Score (0- 3) 0.11 0.07 - 0.15 0.24 0.17 - 0.30 0.30 0.20 - 0.41 0.14 0.10 - 0.17 No Shortage (0) 90.3% 86.0% - 93.4% 80.7% 74.4% - 85.7% 73.0% 62.6% - 81.4% 88.2% 84.7% - 90.9% Slight Shortage (1) 8.4% 5.5% - 12.5% 15.1% 10.5% - 21.3% 23.6% 15.8% - 33.6% 9.9% 7.4% - 13.2% Moderate Shortage (2) 1.4% 0.5% - 3.9% 4.2% 2.4% - 7.1% 3.4% 1.5% - 7.8% 1.9% 1.0% - 3.6% Severe Shorage (3) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A D-91 Table D.22 Page 2 of 4 ------- Table D.22. Question C.l: To what extent did your organization experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical functions to maintain operations, from January 2020 through present day? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Personnel Type Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Critial equipment repair Mean Score (0- 3) 0.15 0.09 - 0.21 0.30 0.23 - 0.38 0.37 0.25 - 0.50 0.18 0.14 - 0.23 No Shortage (0) 88.7% 84.2% - 92.0% 74.6% 68.1% - 80.2% 69.6% 58.8% - 78.6% 85.8% 82.2% - 88.8% Slight Shortage (1) 8.3% 5.5% - 12.4% 20.4% 15.2% - 26.8% 24.4% 16.5% - 34.5% 10.8% 8.2% - 14.1% Moderate Shortage (2) 2.0% 0.9% - 4.6% 5.0% 3.0% - 8.2% 5.1% 2.5% - 10.1% 2.6% 1.5% - 4.5% Severe Shorage (3) 0.9% 0.3% - 3.3% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.9% 0.2% - 4.5% 0.8% 0.2% - 2.6% Administrative Mean Score (0- 3) 0.14 0.08 - 0.19 0.30 0.23 - 0.38 0.24 0.13 - 0.35 0.17 0.12 - 0.21 No Shortage (0) 89.8% 85.4% - 92.9% 76.4% 70.0% - 81.9% 79.7% 69.8% - 87.0% 87.3% 83.8% - 90.2% Slight Shortage (1) 7.8% 5.0% - 11.8% 17.1% 12.3% - 23.4% 16.7% 10.3% - 25.9% 9.6% 7.1% - 12.8% Moderate Shortage (2) 1.6% 0.6% - 3.9% 6.0% 3.8% - 9.5% 3.6% 1.2% - 10.4% 2.4% 1.4% - 4.0% Severe Shorage (3) 0.9% 0.2% - 3.3% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.8% 0.2% - 2.6% D-92 Table D.22 Page 3 of 4 ------- Table D.22. Question C.l: To what extent did your organization experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical functions to maintain operations, from January 2020 through present day? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Personnel Type Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Customer Service Mean Score (0- 3) 0.14 0.09 - 0.20 0.24 0.17 - 0.31 0.20 0.09 - 0.30 0.16 0.11 - 0.21 No Shortage (0) 89.5% 85.0% - 92.7% 82.6% 77.6% - 86.7% 83.9% 74.5% - 90.2% 88.2% 84.7% - 91.0% Slight Shortage (1) 7.1% 4.5% - 11.0% 11.3% 8.1% - 15.7% 12.5% 7.2% - 20.9% 7.9% 5.6% - 11.0% Moderate Shortage (2) 3.0% 1.5% - 5.9% 5.7% 3.5% - 9.0% 3.6% 1.2% - 10.6% 3.5% 2.1% - 5.6% Severe Shorage (3) 0.4% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.4% 0.1% - 2.1% Other Mean Score (0- 3) 0.58 -0.11 - 1.27 0.19 -0.12 - 0.50 1.50 -1.51 - 4.51 0.52 -0.04 - 1.07 No Shortage (0) 71.1% 31.6% - 92.9% 80.9% 36.7% - 96.9% 50.0% 1.8% - 98.2% 72.7% 39.4% - 91.6% Slight Shortage (1) 0.0% N/A - N/A 19.1% 3.1% - 63.3% 0.0% N/A - N/A 3.8% 1.0% - 13.4% Moderate Shortage (2) 28.9% 7.1% - 68.4% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 22.7% 5.7% - 58.6% Severe Shorage (3) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 50.0% 1.8% - 98.2% 0.9% 0.1% - 6.2% Observations 271 237 93 601 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-93 Table D.22 Page 4 of 4 ------- Table D.23. Question C.2: To what extent do you expect to experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical functions to maintain operations, from present day through December 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Personnel Type Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Licensed or certified operators Mean Score (0- 3) 0.22 0.16 - 0.28 0.52 0.43 - 0.61 0.44 0.30 - 0.58 0.27 0.22 - 0.33 No Shortage (0) 83.2% 78.0% - 87.3% 59.5% 52.3% - 66.3% 64.0% 52.4% - 74.2% 78.9% 74.7% - 82.6% Slight Shortage (1) 11.9% 8.4% - 16.5% 28.7% 22.4% - 36.0% 29.1% 20.1% - 40.0% 15.1% 11.9% - 18.9% Moderate Shortage (2) 4.8% 2.8% - 8.2% 11.8% 8.4% - 16.2% 6.0% 3.1% - 11.3% 5.9% 4.1% - 8.5% Severe Shorage (3) 0.2% 0.0% - 0.6% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.9% 0.2% - 4.5% 0.2% 0.1% - 0.5% Laboratory technicians/ sample analysts Mean Score (0- 3) 0.13 0.08 - 0.19 0.33 0.26 - 0.41 0.29 0.18 - 0.40 0.17 0.13 - 0.22 No Shortage (0) 89.9% 85.6% - 93.1% 72.5% 65.8% - 78.3% 74.5% 64.2% - 82.7% 86.7% 83.2% - 89.6% Slight Shortage (1) 6.7% 4.2% - 10.5% 21.9% 16.5% - 28.4% 22.0% 14.5% - 31.9% 9.6% 7.2% - 12.6% Moderate Shortage (2) 3.4% 1.7% - 6.4% 5.2% 3.1% - 8.5% 3.4% 1.5% - 7.9% 3.6% 2.2% - 6.0% Severe Shorage (3) 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.4% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.1% 0.0% - 0.4% D-94 Table D.23 Page 1 of 4 ------- Table D.23. Question C.2: To what extent do you expect to experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical functions to maintain operations, from present day through December 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Personnel Percentage Reporting by Population Served Type Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Field Workers Mean Score (0- 0.19 0.35 0.32 0.22 (meter reading, 3) 0.13 - 0.25 0.28 - 0.43 0.19 - 0.44 0.17 - 0.27 sampling, No Shortage 85.1% 70.4% 74.5% 82.5% maintenance, (0) 80.1% - 89.0% 63.7% - 76.4% 64.2% - 82.7% 78.4% - 85.9% etc.) Slight Shortage 11.2% 23.9% 19.3% 13.4% (1) 7.8% - 15.8% 18.3% - 30.4% 12.5% - 28.5% 10.4% - 17.2% Moderate 3.3% 5.7% 6.2% 3.7% Shortage (2) 1.7% - 6.1% 3.6% - 9.0% 2.8% - 13.0% 2.3% - 5.9% Severe 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% Shorage (3) 0.1% - 2.9% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.4% Engineering/ Mean Score (0- 0.11 0.23 0.20 0.14 design/ 3) 0.07 - 0.16 0.17 - 0.30 0.12 - 0.29 0.10 - 0.18 construction No Shortage 91.1% 81.1% 80.6% 89.2% personnel (0) 86.9% - 94.0% 75.9% - 85.5% 70.9% - 87.5% 85.9% - 91.8% Slight Shortage 6.4% 14.4% 18.6% 8.0% (1) 3.9% - 10.2% 10.6% - 19.2% 11.8% - 28.1% 5.8% - 11.0% Moderate 2.5% 4.5% 0.9% 2.8% Shortage (2) 1.2% - 5.3% 2.6% - 7.6% 0.2% - 4.5% 1.6% - 4.9% Severe 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shorage (3) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A D-95 Table D.23 Page 2 of 4 ------- Table D.23. Question C.2: To what extent do you expect to experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical functions to maintain operations, from present day through December 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Personnel Type Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Critial equipment repair Mean Score (0- 3) 0.13 0.08 - 0.18 0.28 0.22 - 0.35 0.33 0.21 - 0.45 0.16 0.12 - 0.20 No Shortage (0) 90.0% 85.7% - 93.2% 76.9% 71.2% - 81.7% 72.8% 62.3% - 81.3% 87.4% 83.9% - 90.2% Slight Shortage (1) 7.8% 5.0% - 11.9% 18.2% 13.9% - 23.4% 22.0% 14.5% - 31.9% 9.9% 7.4% - 13.1% Moderate Shortage (2) 1.8% 0.8% - 4.1% 4.5% 2.6% - 7.7% 4.3% 2.0% - 9.1% 2.3% 1.3% - 4.0% Severe Shorage (3) 0.4% 0.1% - 3.0% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.5% 0.9% 0.2% - 4.5% 0.4% 0.1% - 2.1% Administrative Mean Score (0- 3) 0.11 0.06 - 0.15 0.25 0.19 - 0.32 0.15 0.07 - 0.23 0.13 0.09 - 0.17 No Shortage (0) 90.8% 86.5% - 93.8% 78.1% 71.6% - 83.4% 86.6% 78.1% - 92.2% 88.6% 85.2% - 91.4% Slight Shortage (1) 8.1% 5.2% - 12.2% 18.4% 13.4% - 24.8% 11.6% 6.5% - 19.9% 9.8% 7.2% - 13.1% Moderate Shortage (2) 0.7% 0.2% - 2.4% 3.5% 1.9% - 6.4% 1.7% 0.5% - 5.6% 1.2% 0.6% - 2.3% Severe Shorage (3) 0.4% 0.1% - 3.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.4% 0.1% - 2.4% D-96 Table D.23 Page 3 of 4 ------- Table D.23. Question C.2: To what extent do you expect to experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical functions to maintain operations, from present day through December 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Personnel Percentage Reporting by Population Served Type Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Customer Service Mean Score (0- 0.12 0.21 0.13 0.13 3) 0.07 - 0.16 0.15 - 0.27 0.06 - 0.21 0.09 - 0.17 No Shortage 90.4% 83.8% 87.5% 89.3% (0) 86.0% - 93.5% 78.8% - 87.8% 79.1% - 92.8% 85.8% - 92.0% Slight Shortage 8.0% 11.9% 11.6% 8.7% (1) 5.2% - 12.1% 8.6% - 16.3% 6.5% - 19.9% 6.3% - 12.0% Moderate 1.2% 4.3% 0.9% 1.7% Shortage (2) 0.4% - 3.3% 2.5% - 7.4% 0.2% - 4.6% 0.9% - 3.1% Severe 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% Shorage (3) 0.1% - 2.9% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.4% Other Mean Score (0- 0.00 0.33 3.00 0.18 3) 0.00 - 0.00 -0.31 - 0.98 3.00 - 3.00 0.08 - 0.27 No Shortage 100.0% 66.7% 0.0% 91.0% (0) N/A - N/A 9.8% - 97.4% N/A - N/A 75.6% - 97.1% Slight Shortage 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 4.7% (1) N/A - N/A 2.6% - 90.2% N/A - N/A 0.6% - 30.0% Moderate 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shortage (2) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Severe 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 4.3% Shorage (3) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 4.3% - 4.3% Observations 268 233 92 593 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-97 Table D.23 Page 4 of 4 ------- Table D.24. Question C.3: What factors contribute to personnel shortages you identified in questions C.l and C.2? (check all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Factor Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Absenteeism (illness, care of family members, daycare closure, virtual schooling, etc.) Mean Score (0-2) 1.18 1.02 - 1.33 1.24 1.11 - 1.37 1.21 1.07 - 1.35 1.19 1.08 - 1.31 Does Not Contribute (0) 19.9% 12.7% - 29.6% 14.4% 8.2% - 23.9% 9.7% 4.7% - 18.9% 18.1% 12.6% - 25.2% Contributes Somewhat (1) 42.6% 32.5% - 53.3% 47.4% 38.7% - 56.2% 59.5% 47.4% - 70.6% 44.5% 36.9% - 52.4% Contributes Significantly (2) 37.6% 28.0% - 48.3% 38.2% 30.5% - 46.6% 30.8% 21.0% - 42.6% 37.4% 30.2% - 45.3% Layoffs or furloughs Mean Score (0-2) 0.19 0.07 - 0.31 0.22 0.12 - 0.33 0.17 0.01 - 0.33 0.20 0.11 - 0.28 Does Not Contribute (0) 85.9% 75.5% - 92.4% 83.2% 72.7% - 90.2% 86.9% 73.8% - 94.0% 85.3% 78.0% - 90.5% Contributes Somewhat (1) 9.3% 4.3% - 18.9% 11.2% 5.2% - 22.5% 9.1% 4.1% - 19.2% 9.8% 5.6% - 16.5% Contributes Significantly (2) 4.8% 1.6% - 13.2% 5.6% 2.8% - 10.8% 4.0% 0.6% - 21.8% 4.9% 2.3% - 10.2% Reduced work hours of current staff Mean Score (0-2) 0.50 0.34 - 0.67 0.60 0.48 - 0.72 0.61 0.40 - 0.82 0.53 0.41 - 0.65 Does Not Contribute (0) 62.7% 51.2% - 72.9% 54.3% 44.7% - 63.6% 56.4% 42.9% - 69.0% 60.3% 51.9% - 68.2% Contributes Somewhat (1) 24.2% 15.8% - 35.4% 31.8% 22.7% - 42.4% 26.5% 16.3% - 40.0% 26.2% 19.5% - 34.3% Contributes Significantly (2) 13.1% 7.1% - 22.9% 13.9% 9.2% - 20.7% 17.2% 8.9% - 30.4% 13.5% 8.8% - 20.2% D-98 Table D.24 Page 1 of 3 ------- Table D.24. Question C.3: What factors contribute to personnel shortages you identified in questions C.l and C.2? (check all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Factor Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Delayed or cancelled plans to hire staff Mean Score (0-2) 0.32 0.18 - 0.45 0.55 0.38 - 0.71 0.80 0.61 - 0.98 0.40 0.29 - 0.50 Does Not Contribute (0) 75.8% 64.9% - 84.2% 61.5% 52.0% - 70.3% 37.8% 26.4% - 50.7% 70.4% 62.7% - 77.1% Contributes Somewhat (1) 16.7% 9.8% - 26.8% 22.4% 16.3% - 30.1% 44.9% 32.6% - 57.8% 19.5% 14.0% - 26.4% Contributes Significantly (2) 7.5% 3.3% - 16.1% 16.0% 9.3% - 26.2% 17.3% 9.4% - 29.8% 10.1% 6.3% - 16.0% Lack of backup certified personnel Mean Score (0-2) 0.80 0.63 - 0.96 0.63 0.51 - 0.74 0.71 0.49 - 0.94 0.75 0.63 - 0.88 Does Not Contribute (0) 39.9% 29.6% - 51.2% 49.0% 39.9% - 58.2% 48.9% 35.7% - 62.4% 42.4% 34.4% - 50.8% Contributes Somewhat (1) 40.6% 30.2% - 52.0% 39.4% 30.5% - 49.2% 30.7% 19.9% - 44.2% 39.9% 31.9% - 48.4% Contributes Significantly (2) 19.5% 12.1% - 29.7% 11.6% 7.1% - 18.2% 20.3% 11.0% - 34.6% 17.7% 12.1% - 25.2% Operators unable to obtain or maintain needed certification due to lack of in-person training Mean Score (0-2) 0.84 0.66 - 1.03 0.58 0.45 - 0.72 0.30 0.15 - 0.46 0.76 0.62 - 0.90 Does Not Contribute (0) 43.4% 33.0% - 54.5% 56.6% 47.3% - 65.4% 78.5% 66.6% - 87.0% 48.0% 39.9% - 56.2% Contributes Somewhat (1) 28.6% 19.8% - 39.5% 28.5% 21.4% - 37.0% 12.6% 6.4% - 23.1% 27.9% 21.1% - 35.9% Contributes Significantly (2) 27.9% 19.1% - 38.8% 14.9% 9.8% - 21.9% 9.0% 4.0% - 18.8% 24.1% 17.5% - 32.2% D-99 Table D.24 Page 2 of 3 ------- Table D.24. Question C.3: What factors contribute to personnel shortages you identified in questions C.l and C.2? (check all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Factor Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Restrictions on travel Mean Score (0-2) 0.59 0.43 - 0.74 0.54 0.42 - 0.66 0.63 0.44 - 0.82 0.58 0.46 - 0.69 Does Not Contribute (0) 52.8% 41.6% - 63.8% 58.4% 49.7% - 66.7% 50.7% 37.9% - 63.4% 54.1% 45.7% - 62.2% Contributes Somewhat (1) 35.7% 25.6% - 47.1% 29.2% 22.1% - 37.4% 35.7% 24.3% - 49.0% 34.1% 26.6% - 42.5% Contributes Significantly (2) 11.5% 6.0% - 20.9% 12.4% 7.9% - 18.9% 13.7% 6.7% - 25.8% 11.8% 7.4% - 18.3% Lack of I.T. infrastructure (e.g., equipment, network capacity) Mean Score (0-2) 0.43 0.26 - 0.59 0.27 0.18 - 0.36 0.25 0.12 - 0.39 0.38 0.26 - 0.50 Does Not Contribute (0) 69.0% 57.1% - 78.9% 76.9% 68.8% - 83.4% 78.1% 65.0% - 87.3% 71.5% 63.0% - 78.7% Contributes Somewhat (1) 19.2% 11.4% - 30.5% 18.9% 13.1% - 26.6% 18.3% 9.9% - 31.3% 19.1% 13.2% - 26.8% Contributes Significantly (2) 11.8% 6.0% - 21.8% 4.2% 1.9% - 8.9% 3.6% 1.0% - 12.1% 9.4% 5.2% - 16.3% Other Mean Score (0-2) 0.49 -0.03 - 1.01 0.37 0.02 - 0.73 1.00 0.12 - 1.88 0.48 0.10 - 0.86 Does Not Contribute (0) 70.5% 36.4% - 90.9% 76.7% 50.0% - 91.6% 50.0% 14.6% - 85.4% 71.5% 46.3% - 87.9% Contributes Somewhat (1) 9.8% 1.2% - 49.6% 9.3% 2.0% - 33.6% 0.0% N/A - N/A 9.3% 1.9% - 35.1% Contributes Significantly (2) 19.6% 4.5% - 55.9% 14.0% 4.0% - 39.1% 50.0% 14.6% - 85.4% 19.2% 6.6% - 44.4% Observations 101 149 57 307 D-100 Table D.24 Page 3 of 3 ------- Table D.25. Question C.4: What strategies or resources has your organization used to address potential shortages of certified operators, laboratory staff, or other trained personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Strategy or Resource Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Used technology to allow some operational tasks to be performed remotely 24.8% 19.0% - 31.6% 38.8% 32.0% - 46.1% 43.1% 30.5% - 56.5% 28.0% 23.2% - 33.4% Used telework for job functions that could be performed remotely 9.8% 6.3% - 14.9% 42.7% 35.7% - 50.0% 73.9% 62.8% - 82.6% 18.3% 14.9% - 22.3% Decreased staffing/changed shift work while maintaining core operations 30.4% 24.1% - 37.5% 65.2% 58.0% - 71.8% 74.1% 63.3% - 82.5% 38.5% 33.1% - 44.1% Delayed non-critical work 45.6% 38.5% - 52.9% 64.8% 57.2% - 71.8% 83.6% 74.5% - 89.9% 50.6% 44.8% - 56.4% Increased use of contractors 7.2% 4.3% - 11.9% 9.4% 5.2% - 16.5% 9.7% 5.1% - 17.7% 7.7% 5.2% - 11.4% Accessed operators from nearby utilities, via WARN or other mutual aid networks 9.1% 5.7% - 14.3% 3.4% 0.8% - 13.4% 0.0% N/A - N/A 7.7% 4.9% - 11.9% Utilized backup laboratory services 8.7% 5.4% - 13.8% 11.9% 8.4% - 16.6% 14.7% 8.5% - 24.1% 9.5% 6.7% - 13.4% Other 23.1% 17.5% - 29.8% 12.4% 8.8% - 17.3% 5.7% 2.8% - 11.5% 20.5% 16.0% - 25.8% Observations 204 211 82 497 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-101 Table D.25 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.26. Question C.4.1: Did the strategies you implemented help mitigate staffing shortages? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Strategy or Percentage Reporting by Population Served Resource Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Used technology (e.g., Strategy Did 10.3% 4.8% 2.2% 8.4% live video feeds) to allow Not Help 4.2% - 22.9% 1.9% - 11.5% 0.4% - 11.4% 4.0% - 17.0% some operational tasks Strategy 72.3% 82.8% 95.6% 76.4% to be performed Helped 57.6% - 83.4% 73.6% - 89.3% 86.1% - 98.7% 65.9% - 84.4% remotely Not Sure 17.4% 12.4% 2.2% 15.2% 8.8% - 31.3% 7.1% - 20.8% 0.4% - 11.4% 8.9% - 24.8% Used telework for job Strategy Did 6.0% 3.3% 2.6% 4.3% functions that could be Not Help 0.8% - 32.1% 1.1% - 9.1% 0.7% - 8.6% 1.3% - 13.1% performed remotely Strategy 75.0% 83.6% 74.0% 78.5% Helped 50.7% - 89.8% 74.9% - 89.7% 45.8% - 90.6% 67.0% - 86.7% Not Sure 19.0% 13.1% 23.4% 17.3% 6.7% - 43.3% 7.8% - 21.3% 7.4% - 53.8% 9.9% - 28.3% Decreased staffing/ Strategy Did 6.1% 2.7% 1.3% 4.7% changed shift work Not Help 2.2% - 15.6% 1.1% - 6.7% 0.2% - 6.9% 2.1% - 10.4% while maintaining core Strategy 83.0% 83.5% 75.9% 82.7% operations Helped 71.1% - 90.7% 76.8% - 88.6% 46.8% - 91.9% 75.1% - 88.3% Not Sure 10.9% 13.7% 22.8% 12.6% 5.0% - 22.1% 9.1% - 20.0% 7.2% - 53.0% 7.9% - 19.5% Delayed non-critical Strategy Did 16.3% 4.3% 2.3% 12.5% work Not Help 9.7% - 26.1% 2.0% - 8.9% 0.7% - 7.6% 7.8% - 19.5% Strategy 63.5% 83.5% 71.3% 68.7% Helped 52.4% - 73.3% 76.8% - 88.6% 47.9% - 87.1% 60.6% - 75.9% Not Sure 20.2% 12.2% 26.4% 18.7% 12.7% - 30.5% 7.9% - 18.4% 10.9% - 51.1% 13.1% - 26.1% D-102 Table D.26 Page 1 of 2 ------- Table D.26. Question C.4.1: Did the strategies you implemented help mitigate staffing shortages? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Strategy or Resource Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Increased use of contractors Strategy Did Not Help 4.8% 1.5% - 14.4% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 3.4% 1.1% - 10.0% Strategy Helped 84.8% 59.3% - 95.5% 95.1% 73.3% - 99.3% 80.4% 50.2% - 94.3% 86.9% 68.8% - 95.3% Not Sure 10.4% 1.9% - 40.6% 4.9% 0.7% - 26.7% 19.6% 5.7% - 49.8% 9.6% 2.6% - 29.9% Accessed operators from nearby utilities, including via WARN or other mutual aid networks Strategy Did Not Help 12.9% 3.3% - 39.2% 73.2% 20.8% - 96.6% 17.7% 5.9% - 42.6% Strategy Helped 66.7% 41.6% - 84.9% 0.0% N/A - N/A 61.3% 38.0% - 80.3% Not Sure 20.5% 7.2% - 46.1% 26.8% 3.4% - 79.2% 21.0% 8.1% - 44.4% Utilized backup laboratory services Strategy Did Not Help 2.5% 0.6% - 9.1% 3.9% 0.6% - 20.9% 6.5% 1.1% - 29.5% 3.0% 1.1% - 7.9% Strategy Helped 90.8% 67.6% - 97.9% 84.5% 66.8% - 93.7% 79.3% 46.6% - 94.4% 88.7% 74.5% - 95.5% Not Sure 6.7% 0.9% - 35.1% 11.6% 4.1% - 28.9% 14.2% 2.4% - 52.8% 8.3% 2.5% - 24.0% Other Strategy Did Not Help 29.9% 16.5% - 48.0% 5.1% 0.8% - 26.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 26.9% 15.1% - 43.4% Strategy Helped 46.2% 29.9% - 63.4% 79.4% 57.9% - 91.6% 80.0% 37.1% - 96.4% 50.1% 35.0% - 65.2% Not Sure 23.9% 12.1% - 41.7% 15.4% 5.4% - 36.7% 20.0% 3.6% - 62.9% 22.9% 12.3% - 38.8% Observations 91 144 66 297 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-103 Table D.26 Page 2 of 2 ------- Table D.27. Question C.5: What is the greatest concern your organization has associated with maintaining staffing during the pandemic? (select one) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Concern Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Availability of testing for illness 5.2% 3.0% - 9.1% 10.2% 6.0% - 16.6% 9.4% 4.8% - 17.9% 6.2% 4.1% - 9.3% Availability of PPE 12.7% 8.9% - 17.9% 13.2% 9.6% - 17.9% 14.9% 8.9% - 24.0% 12.9% 9.7% - 17.0% Ability to house personnel on site 1.7% 0.7% - 4.5% 3.4% 1.8% - 6.2% 3.6% 1.5% - 8.4% 2.1% 1.1% - 4.0% Cross-training personnel 10.0% 6.6% - 14.8% 6.4% 4.0% - 10.1% 3.6% 1.5% - 8.4% 9.2% 6.4% - 13.0% Protecting high-risk employees 19.9% 15.1% - 25.8% 28.0% 22.2% - 34.8% 20.4% 13.2% - 30.2% 21.3% 17.2% - 26.0% Adhering to changing local and state 32.0% 26.1% - 38.6% 26.4% 20.6% - 33.1% 28.9% 19.7% - 40.3% 31.0% 26.1% - 36.3% Other 18.4% 13.7% - 24.2% 12.5% 9.0% - 17.1% 19.1% 6.9% - 42.7% 17.4% 13.6% - 22.1% Observations 239 229 87 555 D-104 Table D.27 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.28. Question Dl.1.2: Please indicate the state of your organization's operating budget from January 2020 to the present Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Average Operating Budget by Population Served (Dollars) Parameter < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Budgeted $429,298 $6,598,849 $37,195,840 $2,779,409 Revenue $271,304 - $587,293 $4,599,047 - $8,598,651 $19,933,940 - $54,457,740 $2,048,660 - $3,510,159 Actual $384,127 $6,022,095 $36,490,040 $2,624,270 Revenue $240,503 - $527,750 $4,248,025 - $7,796,165 $19,675,001 - $53,305,079 $1,922,033 - $3,326,507 Budgeted $329,312 $5,311,308 $26,367,852 $2,092,331 Expenses $216,229 - $442,394 $3,430,910 - $7,191,706 $17,344,372 - $35,391,332 $1,621,127 - $2,563,534 Actual $292,847 $4,595,734 $24,650,398 $1,884,492 Expenses $184,074 - $401,619 $3,005,737 - $6,185,731 $16,042,032 - $33,258,764 $1,451,679 - $2,317,304 Observations 58 80 34 172 D-105 Table D.28 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.29. Average Budgeted and Actual Net Revenue (Calculated) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Parameter Average Net Revenue by Population Served (Dollars) < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Budgeted Net Revenue $99,987 $32,776 - $167,197 $1,287,541 $572,923 - $2,002,160 $10,827,987 $1,790,724 - $19,865,250 $687,078 $334,492 - $1,039,665 Actual Net Revenue $91,280 $26,662 - $155,898 $1,426,361 $680,355 - $2,172,367 $11,839,642 $2,932,919 - $20,746,365 $739,778 $389,975 - $1,089,582 Observations 58 80 34 172 D-106 Table D.29 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.30. Percentage of Utilities with a Deficit/Loss, and Total Deficit/Loss at Those Utilities (Calculated) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Utility Deficits by Population Served (Dollars in Millions) Parameter < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Percentage of Utilities 18% 21% 17% 19% with Deficit/Loss 10% -31% 13% -32% 8% - 34% 12% - 29% Total Deficit/Loss $92.4 $442.3 $128.3 $663.0 (Utilities with Deficit/Loss) $18.3 -$166.5 -$106.0 -$990.6 $24.5 -$232.2 $106.6 - $1,219.4 Observations 58 80 34 172 D-107 Table D.30 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.31. Average Difference between Actual and Budgeted Net Revenue, Percentage of Utilities with a Shortfall, and Total Shortfall at Those Utilities (Calculated) Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Parameter Difference between Actual and Budgeted Net Revenue by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Average Difference in Net Revenue (Actual Minus Budgeted Net Revenue) -$8,707 -$67,336 - $49,922 $138,820 -$164,368 - $442,008 $1,011,655 -$134,255 - $2,157,565 $52,700 -$27,440 - $132,840 Percentage of Utilities with Shortfall 40% 28%- 54% 39% 26% - 55% 23% 11%- 41% 40% 29% - 51% Total Shortfall in Utilities with Shortfall (Millions of Dollars) $458.8 $81.0 - $836.6 $583.9 $169.9 - $997.9 $263.9 $30.6 - $497.2 $1,306.6 $718.2 - $1,895.0 Observations 58 80 34 172 D-108 Table D.31 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.32. Question D.1.2: Your answers indicate that actual operating revenue was lower than budgeted during the January to present period. What COVID-19-related factors contributed to this? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Factor Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Nonpayment of bills Mean Score (Oto 2) 0.85 0.58 - 1.12 0.69 0.42 - 0.96 0.99 0.65 - 1.33 0.83 0.61 - 1.06 Not a Contributor (0) 40.1% 25.6% - 56.7% 43.3% 28.5% - 59.4% 22.8% 8.2% - 49.6% 39.9% 27.6% - 53.5% Contributor (1) 31.1% 18.1% - 47.9% 26.9% 15.2% - 42.9% 45.6% 23.5% - 69.6% 31.0% 20.1% - 44.7% Significant Contributor (2) 25.5% 13.9% - 42.2% 16.3% 7.5% - 31.8% 22.0% 9.2% - 44.0% 24.0% 14.2% - 37.5% Do Not Know 3.3% 0.6% - 16.3% 13.5% 5.7% - 28.7% 9.6% 1.4% - 43.9% 5.1% 2.0% - 12.7% Decreased use Mean Score (Oto 2) 0.35 0.13 - 0.57 0.42 0.21 - 0.63 0.59 0.25 - 0.94 0.37 0.19 - 0.56 Not a Contributor (0) 75.5% 59.3% - 86.7% 56.9% 40.8% - 71.6% 50.0% 26.9% - 73.1% 71.6% 59.0% - 81.6% Contributor (1) 12.9% 5.5% - 27.4% 22.9% 12.2% - 38.9% 27.2% 10.9% - 53.2% 15.0% 8.2% - 26.0% Significant Contributor (2) 11.1% 4.2% - 26.4% 6.7% 2.0% - 19.7% 13.2% 4.2% - 34.5% 10.5% 4.6% - 22.5% Do Not Know 0.5% 0.1% - 3.5% 13.5% 5.7% - 28.7% 9.6% 1.4% - 43.9% 2.9% 1.4% - 5.6% D-109 Table D.32 Page 1 of 2 ------- Table D.32. Question D.1.2: Your answers indicate that actual operating revenue was lower than budgeted during the January to present period. What COVID-19-related factors contributed to this? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Percentage Reporting by Population Served Factor Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Reduction in Mean Score 0.03 0.14 0.15 0.05 rates/fees (Oto 2) -0.03 - 0.08 -0.02 - 0.31 -0.06 - 0.35 0.00 - 0.10 Not a Contributor 96.7% 86.5% 81.6% 94.5% (0) 83.7% - 99.4% 71.3% - 94.3% 53.8% - 94.4% 87.1% - 97.8% Contributor (1) 2.8% 2.7% 4.4% 2.8% 0.4% - 17.7% 0.4% - 17.0% 0.6% - 26.0% 0.6% - 12.9% Significant 0.0% 5.4% 4.4% 1.0% Contributor (2) N/A - N/A 1.4% - 19.3% 0.6% - 26.0% 0.3% - 3.2% Do Not Know 0.5% 5.4% 9.6% 1.6% 0.1% - 3.5% 1.4% - 19.3% 1.4% - 43.9% 0.6% - 4.2% Observations 41 38 18 97 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-110 Table D.32 Page 2 of 2 ------- Table D.33. Question D.1.3: Your answers indicate that actual operating expenses were higher than budgeted during the January to present period. What COVID-19-related factors contributed? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Percentage Reporting by Population Served Factor Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Personnel Costs Mean Score 0.39 0.56 0.97 0.44 (Oto 2) 0.09 - 0.70 0.10 - 1.03 0.22 - 1.73 0.19 - 0.70 Not a Contributor 60.7% 56.2% 34.3% 58.9% (0) 30.0% - 84.7% 29.0% - 80.1% 4.8% - 84.5% 34.0% - 79.9% Contributor (1) 39.3% 19.7% 34.3% 35.8% 15.3% - 70.0% 5.8% - 49.5% 4.8% - 84.5% 16.1% - 61.9% Significant 0.0% 16.1% 31.4% 4.0% Contributor (2) N/A - N/A 3.8% - 47.8% 7.3% - 72.8% 1.4% - 10.4% Do Not Know 0.0% 8.0% 0.0% 1.4% N/A - N/A 1.0% - 42.1% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 9.3% Consumables Mean Score 0.70 1.00 0.97 0.76 (Oto 2) 0.30 - 1.10 0.75 - 1.25 0.22 - 1.73 0.44 - 1.08 Not a Contributor 39.3% 8.0% 34.3% 33.8% (0) 15.3% - 70.0% 1.0% - 42.1% 4.8% - 84.5% 14.6% - 60.4% Contributor (1) 51.3% 75.9% 34.3% 54.8% 23.2% - 78.6% 45.1% - 92.4% 4.8% - 84.5% 30.5% - 77.0% Significant 9.4% 8.0% 31.4% 10.0% Contributor (2) 1.2% - 48.0% 1.0% - 42.1% 7.3% - 72.8% 2.1% - 37.1% Do Not Know 0.0% 8.0% 0.0% 1.4% N/A - N/A 1.0% - 42.1% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 9.3% D-111 Table D.33 Page 1 of 2 ------- Table D.33. Question D.1.3: Your answers indicate that actual operating expenses were higher than budgeted during the January to present period. What COVID-19-related factors contributed? Wastewater Treatment Facilities January to the Present Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Percentage Reporting by Population Served Factor Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Utilities Costs Mean Score 0.31 0.32 0.34 0.31 (Oto 2) 0.00 - 0.62 0.05 - 0.59 -0.19 - 0.87 0.07 - 0.56 Not a Contributor 62.4% 67.9% 65.7% 63.4% (0) 31.1% - 85.9% 38.3% - 87.8% 15.5% - 95.2% 37.5% - 83.4% Contributor (1) 28.2% 32.1% 34.3% 29.1% 8.8% - 61.6% 12.2% - 61.7% 4.8% - 84.5% 11.8% - 55.7% Significant 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Contributor (2) N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A N/A - N/A Do Not Know 9.4% 0.0% 0.0% 7.4% 1.2% - 48.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.9% - 40.6% PPE Mean Score 0.32 0.83 0.63 0.41 (Oto 2) 0.03 - 0.60 0.49 - 1.17 -0.13 - 1.39 0.17 - 0.65 Not a Contributor 68.3% 24.1% 68.6% 60.8% (0) 36.5% - 89.0% 7.6% - 54.9% 27.2% - 92.7% 37.0% - 80.4% Contributor (1) 31.7% 59.9% 0.0% 35.2% 11.0% - 63.5% 31.7% - 82.7% N/A - N/A 16.4% - 60.1% Significant 0.0% 8.0% 31.4% 2.6% Contributor (2) N/A - N/A 1.0% - 42.1% 7.3% - 72.8% 0.8% - 8.1% Do Not Know 0.0% 8.0% 0.0% 1.4% N/A - N/A 1.0% - 42.1% N/A - N/A 0.2% - 9.3% Observations 14 13 4 31 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-112 Table D.33 Page 2 of 2 ------- Table D.34. Question D.2.1: Do you expect your financial situation for the remainder of the year to improve, to worsen, or to stay about the same, compared with the January to present timeframe? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Value Type Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Operating Revenue Mean Score (0 to 2) 1.03 0.97 - 1.10 1.02 0.96 - 1.08 1.05 0.95 - 1.14 1.03 0.98 - 1.08 Improve (0) 7.6% 4.8% - 12.0% 8.5% 5.6% - 12.7% 7.9% 3.5% - 16.5% 7.8% 5.3% - 11.3% Stay About the Same (1) 68.8% 62.3% - 74.6% 70.3% 64.1% - 75.9% 74.1% 63.1% - 82.8% 69.2% 63.9% - 74.1% Worsen (2) 10.4% 7.0% - 15.2% 10.2% 7.0% - 14.6% 12.4% 7.1% - 20.6% 10.4% 7.5% - 14.3% Do Not Know 13.2% 9.2% - 18.4% 11.0% 7.6% - 15.6% 5.6% 2.7% - 11.2% 12.6% 9.3% - 16.8% Operating Expenses Mean Score (0 to 2) 1.09 1.04 - 1.15 1.01 0.96 - 1.05 1.02 0.94 - 1.09 1.08 1.03 - 1.12 Improve (0) 2.0% 0.8% - 5.1% 5.5% 3.2% - 9.2% 6.0% 2.3% - 14.8% 2.7% 1.5% - 4.9% Stay About the Same (1) 72.4% 66.0% - 78.0% 81.3% 75.8% - 85.7% 85.6% 76.4% - 91.6% 74.3% 69.0% - 78.9% Worsen (2) 10.0% 6.7% - 14.9% 6.2% 3.8% - 9.9% 7.5% 4.0% - 13.6% 9.3% 6.5% - 13.2% Do Not Know 15.5% 11.2% - 21.0% 7.1% 4.5% - 11.0% 0.9% 0.2% - 5.0% 13.7% 10.2% - 18.1% Observations 236 217 85 538 D-113 Table D.34 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.35. Question D.2.2: To what COVID-19-related factors do you attribute the worsening outlook for operating revenue in the remainder of 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Factor Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Nonpayment of bills Mean Score (0 to 2) 1.18 0.81 - 1.56 1.36 1.09 - 1.62 0.91 0.42 - 1.41 1.20 0.90 - 1.50 Not a Contributor (0) 26.5% 11.8% - 49.3% 9.0% 2.2% - 30.1% 33.7% 12.5% - 64.6% 24.0% 11.9% - 42.5% Contributor (1) 24.7% 10.4% - 47.9% 46.5% 27.7% - 66.4% 27.2% 8.5% - 60.1% 28.3% 15.4% - 46.0% Significant Contributor (2) 44.0% 24.6% - 65.4% 44.5% 26.0% - 64.7% 26.0% 9.6% - 53.9% 43.1% 27.1% - 60.7% Do Not Know 4.9% 0.6% - 29.3% 0.0% N/A - N/A 13.0% 3.1% - 41.0% 4.6% 0.8% - 22.1% Decreased use Mean Score (0 to 2) 0.43 0.11 - 0.75 0.75 0.43 - 1.07 0.71 0.36 - 1.06 0.50 0.25 - 0.76 Not a Contributor (0) 61.0% 39.1% - 79.2% 46.9% 28.0% - 66.8% 33.7% 12.5% - 64.6% 57.4% 40.1% - 73.0% Contributor (1) 19.3% 7.8% - 40.3% 31.0% 15.7% - 52.1% 53.3% 25.9% - 78.8% 22.9% 12.3% - 38.5% Significant Contributor (2) 9.9% 2.4% - 33.0% 22.1% 9.7% - 42.8% 6.5% 0.9% - 35.7% 11.6% 4.3% - 27.6% Do Not Know 9.9% 2.4% - 33.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A 6.5% 0.9% - 35.7% 8.1% 2.1% - 26.8% D-114 Table D.35 Page 1 of 2 ------- Table D.35. Question D.2.2: To what COVID-19-related factors do you attribute the worsening outlook for operating revenue in the remainder of 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Percentage Reporting by Population Served Factor Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Reduction in Mean Score (0 to 2) 0.12 0.40 0.26 0.18 rates/fees -0.11 - 0.34 0.16 - 0.64 -0.04 - 0.56 -0.01 - 0.36 Not a Contributor (0) 80.3% 64.5% 80.5% 77.8% 57.0% - 92.6% 43.5% - 81.1% 52.5% - 93.9% 60.2% - 89.0% Contributor (1) 0.0% 31.0% 13.0% 5.6% N/A - N/A 15.7% - 52.1% 3.1% - 41.0% 3.1% - 10.0% Significant Contributor 4.9% 4.5% 6.5% 4.9% (2) 0.6% - 29.3% 0.6% - 26.5% 0.9% - 35.7% 1.0% - 21.6% Do Not Know 14.8% 0.0% 0.0% 11.7% 4.7% - 38.0% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 3.8% - 30.9% Observations 26 25 13 64 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-115 Table D.35 Page 2 of 2 ------- Table D.36. Question D.2.3: To what COVID-19-related factors do you attribute the worsening outlook for operating expenses in the remainder of 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Percentage Reporting by Population Served Factor Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Personnel Mean Score (0 to 2) 0.54 1.11 1.13 0.62 Costs 0.20 - 0.88 0.75 - 1.48 0.55 - 1.70 0.32 - 0.92 Not a Contributor 58.4% 18.3% 25.0% 53.3% (0) 36.5% - 77.4% 5.4% - 46.8% 5.8% - 64.5% 34.8% - 70.9% Contributor (1) 22.1% 52.0% 37.5% 25.7% 9.2% - 44.4% 26.5% - 76.5% 11.6% - 73.2% 13.2% - 44.0% Significant 14.6% 29.7% 37.5% 16.8% Contributor (2) 4.6% - 37.8% 11.2% - 58.7% 11.6% - 73.2% 6.9% - 35.5% Do Not Know 4.9% 0.0% 0.0% 4.2% 0.6% - 29.1% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.6% - 25.9% Consumables Mean Score (0 to 2) 1.11 1.41 0.88 1.13 0.73 - 1.49 1.06 - 1.75 0.30 - 1.45 0.81 - 1.46 Not a Contributor 25.2% 7.4% 37.5% 23.7% (0) 10.9% - 48.3% 1.0% - 40.0% 11.6% - 73.2% 11.0% - 44.0% Contributor (1) 30.1% 44.6% 37.5% 31.8% 14.1% - 53.1% 21.0% - 70.9% 11.6% - 73.2% 17.0% - 51.6% Significant 35.0% 48.0% 25.0% 36.0% Contributor (2) 17.5% - 57.7% 23.5% - 73.5% 5.8% - 64.5% 20.1% - 55.8% Do Not Know 9.7% 0.0% 0.0% 8.4% 2.3% - 32.8% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 2.0% - 29.0% D-116 Table D.36 Page 1 of 2 ------- Table D.36. Question D.2.3: To what COVID-19-related factors do you attribute the worsening outlook for operating expenses in the remainder of 2020? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Present to December Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Factor Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Utilities Costs Mean Score (0 to 2) 0.63 0.33 - 0.94 0.97 0.48 - 1.45 0.13 -0.12 - 0.37 0.65 0.39 - 0.92 Not a Contributor (0) 44.7% 24.9% - 66.4% 40.6% 18.3% - 67.5% 87.5% 43.2% - 98.5% 45.5% 27.6% - 64.5% Contributor (1) 40.7% 21.8% - 62.8% 22.3% 7.0% - 52.1% 12.5% 1.5% - 56.8% 38.0% 21.5% - 57.9% Significant Contributor (2) 9.7% 2.3% - 32.8% 37.2% 15.8% - 65.0% 0.0% N/A - N/A 12.3% 4.5% - 29.7% Do Not Know 4.9% 0.6% - 29.1% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 4.2% 0.6% - 25.9% PPE Mean Score (0 to 2) 0.49 0.18 - 0.80 1.18 0.82 - 1.55 0.75 0.26 - 1.24 0.57 0.30 - 0.84 Not a Contributor (0) 59.3% 37.2% - 78.2% 14.9% 3.5% - 45.4% 37.5% 11.6% - 73.2% 54.0% 35.4% - 71.6% Contributor (1) 25.2% 10.9% - 48.3% 52.0% 26.5% - 76.5% 50.0% 18.7% - 81.3% 28.7% 15.0% - 48.0% Significant Contributor (2) 10.6% 2.8% - 32.7% 33.1% 13.5% - 61.2% 12.5% 1.5% - 56.8% 13.0% 5.0% - 30.0% Do Not Know 4.9% 0.6% - 29.1% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.0% N/A - N/A 4.2% 0.6% - 25.9% Observations 23 14 8 45 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-117 Table D.36 Page 2 of 2 ------- Table D.37. Question D.3.1: If your organization has experienced or anticipates a decrease in cash flow due to COVID-19, what mitigating actions are you taking or planning? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Drawing down days cash 12.3% 9.2% 16.9% 12.0% on hand 8.4% - 17.9% 6.1% - 13.7% 10.4% - 26.4% 8.7% - 16.4% Drawing on reserve 26.9% 33.7% 32.0% 28.2% funds 21.1% - 33.6% 27.1% - 41.1% 21.8% - 44.4% 23.3% - 33.7% Delaying maintenance 22.5% 25.8% 16.9% 22.8% 17.1% - 29.0% 19.7% - 33.1% 10.4% - 26.4% 18.3% - 28.1% Reducing statt hours 8.3% 4.6% 3.0% 7.5% 5.1% - 13.2% 2.6% - 8.2% 1.1% - 7.9% 4.9% - 11.4% Reducing staff pay and/or 1.6% 4.9% 4.1% 2.3% benefits 0.5% - 5.0% 2.7% - 8.6% 1.3% - 12.1% 1.1% - 4.5% Laying off staff 2.7% 3.2% 1.0% 2.8% 1.2% - 6.4% 1.6% - 6.3% 0.2% - 5.3% 1.4% - 5.5% Incurring additional debt 4.5% 5.6% 3.9% 4.7% 2.3% - 8.6% 3.3% - 9.3% 1.6% - 9.2% 2.8% - 7.8% Refinancing debt and/or 4.5% 3.2% 6.9% 4.4% deferring debt payments 2.3% - 8.6% 1.6% - 6.3% 3.5% - 13.1% 2.5% - 7.5% Delaying/canceling capital 25.5% 39.3% 34.0% 28.1% improvement projects 19.8% - 32.2% 32.4% - 46.6% 23.3% - 46.6% 23.2% - 33.5% Adjusting rates higher than 8.1% 10.0% 5.1% 8.3% originally planned 5.0% - 12.9% 6.7% - 14.7% 1.9% - 12.9% 5.6% - 12.1% Not applicable (no 47.3% 36.7% 37.1% 45.2% decrease in cash flow) 40.3% - 54.4% 30.0% - 44.1% 22.3% - 54.7% 39.5% - 51.1% Observations 210 202 80 492 D-118 Table D.37 Page 1 fo 1 ------- Table D.38. Question D.3.2: What type of impact do you think these actions are making or will make in mitigating the decrease in your organization's cash flow? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Action Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Drawing down days cash on hand Mean Score (1 to 2) 1.17 1.00 - 1.35 1.28 1.05 - 1.52 1.07 0.94 - 1.19 1.18 1.03 - 1.33 Small Impact (1) 68.0% 46.2% - 84.0% 52.7% 31.0% - 73.3% 82.5% 57.0% - 94.4% 66.8% 48.9% - 80.9% Large Impact (2) 14.2% 4.8% - 35.4% 20.8% 8.2% - 43.5% 5.8% 0.8% - 32.2% 14.6% 6.0% - 31.2% Do Not Know 17.8% 6.7% - 39.8% 26.6% 11.3% - 50.6% 11.6% 2.9% - 37.0% 18.6% 8.5% - 36.0% Observations 25 21 16 62 Drawing on reserve funds Mean Score (1 to 2) 1.28 1.14 - 1.42 1.33 1.19 - 1.46 1.41 1.20 - 1.62 1.29 1.18 - 1.41 Small Impact (1) 55.4% 41.5% - 68.5% 55.0% 41.8% - 67.6% 49.7% 32.0% - 67.5% 55.1% 44.1% - 65.6% Large Impact (2) 21.3% 12.1% - 34.9% 26.8% 17.4% - 39.1% 34.9% 19.3% - 54.6% 23.0% 15.3% - 33.1% Do Not Know 23.2% 13.5% - 37.0% 18.1% 10.6% - 29.3% 15.4% 6.6% - 31.7% 21.9% 14.1% - 32.4% Observations 59 67 29 155 Delaying maintenance Mean Score (1 to 2) 1.26 1.12 - 1.41 1.34 1.15 - 1.53 1.26 1.04 - 1.49 1.28 1.16 - 1.40 Small Impact (1) 61.1% 45.7% - 74.6% 57.7% 40.7% - 73.0% 65.1% 40.3% - 83.7% 60.6% 48.0% - 71.8% Large Impact (2) 21.8% 11.9% - 36.5% 30.1% 15.7% - 49.8% 23.3% 8.9% - 48.4% 23.4% 14.6% - 35.2% Do Not Know 17.1% 8.3% - 32.0% 12.3% 5.7% - 24.3% 11.6% 2.9% - 36.4% 16.1% 8.7% - 27.7% Observations 51 52 16 119 D-119 Table D.38 Page 1 of 4 ------- Table D.38. Question D.3.2: What type of impact do you think these actions are making or will make in mitigating the decrease in your organization's cash flow? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Action Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Reducing staff Mean Score (1 to 1.44 1.25 1.00 1.42 hours 2) 1.09 - 1.79 0.75 - 1.75 N/A - N/A 1.10 - 1.73 Small Impact (1) 33.7% 31.7% 100.0% 34.5% 14.3% - 60.8% 9.7% - 66.7% N/A - N/A 16.4% - 58.5% Large Impact (2) 26.5% 10.6% 0.0% 24.5% 9.8% - 54.5% 1.3% - 52.2% N/A - N/A 9.6% - 49.9% Do Not Know 39.8% 57.7% 0.0% 41.0% 18.3% - 66.1% 25.8% - 84.3% N/A - N/A 21.1% - 64.4% Observations 16 10 3 29 Reducing staff Mean Score (1 to 1.67 1.00 1.00 1.46 pay and/or 2) 0.97 - 2.36 N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 0.98 - 1.94 benefits Small Impact (1) 33.3% 60.0% 76.1% 45.7% 2.3% - 91.5% 27.3% - 85.7% 13.4% - 98.5% 13.6% - 81.7% Large Impact (2) 66.7% 0.0% 0.0% 38.6% 8.5% - 97.7% N/A - N/A N/A - N/A 10.6% - 76.9% Do Not Know 0.0% 40.0% 23.9% 15.8% N/A - N/A 14.3% - 72.7% 1.5% - 86.6% 6.8% - 32.5% Observations 3 10 3 16 Laying off staff Mean Score (1 to 1.67 1.81 1.00 1.67 2) 0.96 - 2.37 1.49 - 2.13 N/A - N/A 1.07 - 2.27 Small Impact (1) 20.0% 7.1% 100.0% 18.6% 1.9% - 76.2% 1.0% - 36.9% N/A - N/A 2.6% - 66.3% Large Impact (2) 40.0% 31.0% 0.0% 37.8% 7.7% - 84.3% 6.4% - 74.6% N/A - N/A 9.7% - 77.4% Do Not Know 40.0% 61.9% 0.0% 43.6% 7.7% - 84.3% 22.3% - 90.2% N/A - N/A 12.9% - 80.1% Observations 5 7 1 13 D-120 Table D.38 Page 2 of 4 ------- Table D.38. Question D.3.2: What type of impact do you think these actions are making or will make in mitigating the decrease in your organization's cash flow? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Action Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Incurring additional debt Mean Score (1 to 2) 1.77 1.29 - 2.24 1.27 0.93 - 1.61 2.00 N/A - N/A 1.66 1.30 - 2.02 Small Impact (1) 12.1% 1.4% - 57.1% 47.2% 21.8% - 74.2% 0.0% N/A - N/A 18.6% 5.9% - 45.5% Large Impact (2) 39.5% 12.9% - 74.2% 17.6% 4.1% - 51.6% 50.0% 10.8% - 89.2% 35.6% 14.0% - 65.1% Do Not Know 48.4% 17.8% - 80.2% 35.2% 13.3% - 65.7% 50.0% 10.8% - 89.2% 45.9% 20.9% - 73.0% Observations 10 13 4 27 Refinancing debt and/or deferring debt payments Mean Score (1 to 2) 1.70 1.22 - 2.18 1.33 0.86 - 1.79 1.14 0.86 - 1.42 1.59 1.23 - 1.96 Small Impact (1) 15.3% 2.6% - 54.7% 46.5% 14.0% - 82.2% 85.7% 38.2% - 98.3% 23.1% 8.5% - 49.2% Large Impact (2) 36.3% 10.9% - 72.7% 22.6% 4.3% - 65.3% 14.3% 1.7% - 61.8% 33.4% 11.7% - 65.5% Do Not Know 48.4% 17.7% - 80.4% 31.0% 6.8% - 73.5% 0.0% N/A - N/A 43.5% 18.1% - 72.8% Observations 10 7 7 24 Delaying/ canceling capital improvement projects Mean Score (1 to 2) 1.46 1.30 - 1.61 1.31 1.18 - 1.43 1.39 1.20 - 1.59 1.42 1.30 - 1.54 Small Impact (1) 46.3% 32.6% - 60.5% 54.0% 41.5% - 66.1% 49.7% 32.7% - 66.9% 48.3% 37.8% - 59.0% Large Impact (2) 38.6% 25.9% - 53.1% 23.7% 15.6% - 34.4% 32.4% 18.2% - 50.7% 34.8% 25.3% - 45.7% Do Not Know 15.1% 7.3% - 28.6% 22.2% 14.3% - 32.9% 17.9% 7.5% - 37.0% 16.9% 10.5% - 26.1% Observations 53 82 31 166 D-121 Table D.38 Page 3 of 4 ------- Table D.38. Question D.3.2: What type of impact do you think these actions are making or will make in mitigating the decrease in your organization's cash flow? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Action Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Adjusting rates Mean Score (1 to 1.64 1.54 1.81 1.62 higher than 2) 1.30 - 1.97 1.30 - 1.78 1.41 - 2.21 1.37 - 1.86 originally Small Impact (1) 21.6% 39.1% 19.3% 25.0% planned 7.2% - 49.6% 20.6% - 61.4% 1.8% - 75.4% 11.7% - 45.7% Large Impact (2) 37.7% 46.2% 80.7% 40.4% 17.1% - 63.9% 26.2% - 67.6% 24.6% - 98.2% 22.7% - 61.0% Do Not Know 40.7% 14.7% 0.0% 34.6% 19.0% - 66.8% 4.7% - 37.7% N/A - N/A 17.7% - 56.6% Observations 18 21 4 43 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-122 Table D.38 Page 4 of 4 ------- Table D.39. Question D.4: Which of the following is your organization considering regarding capital infrastructure projects due to COVID-19? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Changes Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Not applicable (no projects planned) 37.4% 31.1% - 44.2% 8.1% 5.3% - 12.3% 4.0% 1.3% - 11.8% 31.6% 26.5% - 37.2% No changes to current or planned projects 34.8% 28.6% - 41.5% 55.0% 47.9% - 61.8% 44.3% 31.5% - 57.9% 38.3% 33.1% - 43.8% Pausing/slowing a project for which construction has begun 3.5% 1.7% - 7.2% 9.5% 5.3% - 16.6% 8.7% 4.8% - 15.3% 4.7% 2.9% - 7.5% Delaying starting a project 9.9% 6.5% - 14.8% 20.2% 15.5% - 25.8% 25.3% 16.9% - 36.0% 12.1% 9.1% - 15.9% Accelerating starting a project 3.1% 1.4% - 6.6% 1.1% 0.4% - 3.4% 17.5% 5.3% - 44.3% 3.3% 1.8% - 6.1% Reducing the scope or funding for a project which construction has begun 1.1% 0.3% - 3.8% 3.5% 1.8% - 6.6% 4.8% 2.2% - 10.3% 1.6% 0.8% - 3.3% Increasing the scope or funding for a project (current or planned) 1.5% 0.5% - 4.5% 3.0% 1.5% - 6.0% 3.9% 1.6% - 9.0% 1.8% 0.8% - 3.9% Delaying applying for a subsidized loan/grant by at least six months 1.2% 0.4% - 3.8% 2.3% 1.0% - 4.9% 3.1% 0.8% - 11.4% 1.4% 0.6% - 3.2% Accelerating interest in applying for a subsidized loan/grant for a shovel-ready project 1.1% 0.3% - 3.8% 4.4% 2.5% - 7.8% 4.8% 2.2% - 10.3% 1.8% 0.9% - 3.5% Other 4.2% 2.2% - 8.0% 2.1% 0.9% - 4.8% 1.9% 0.6% - 6.4% 3.8% 2.1% - 6.8% Do not know 5.7% 3.3% - 9.9% 4.2% 2.3% - 7.6% 1.9% 0.6% - 6.4% 5.4% 3.3% - 8.6% Observations 229 213 82 524 D-123 Table D.39 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.40. Question D.5: In response to COVID-19, what actions has your organization taken to help alleviate economic impacts on customers? (select all that apply) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Actions Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Suspended service 43.5% 52.5% 47.8% 45.0% shutoffs 37.0% - 50.2% 45.5% - 59.4% 33.9% - 62.1% 39.6% - 50.6% Waived late payment fees 34.6% 35.6% 31.8% 34.7% 28.6% - 41.2% 29.2% - 42.6% 21.9% - 43.7% 29.6% - 40.1% Provided extensions on 39.1% 42.8% 35.6% 39.6% bill payment 32.8% - 45.8% 36.1% - 49.8% 24.9% - 47.9% 34.3% - 45.1% Expanded customer 5.6% 12.6% 19.1% 7.1% assistance programs 3.2% - 9.6% 9.0% - 17.4% 12.2% - 28.6% 4.9% - 10.2% Expanded water 0.0% 2.3% 2.8% 0.5% conservation programs N/A - N/A 1.0% - 5.2% 1.0% - 7.5% 0.2% - 0.9% Delayed or eliminated 4.6% 11.5% 14.2% 6.0% planned rate adjustment 2.5% - 8.3% 8.1% - 16.2% 8.8% - 22.1% 4.0% - 8.8% Lowered rates 0.0% 0.5% 11.3% 0.5% N/A - N/A 0.1% - 2.9% 1.8% - 47.1% 0.1% - 2.4% Other 1.0% 2.1% 5.9% 1.3% 0.2% - 3.8% 0.9% - 4.7% 2.5% - 13.3% 0.6% - 3.1% None (no actions taken) 31.7% 18.7% 20.2% 29.3% 25.8% - 38.3% 14.2% - 24.2% 12.9% - 30.4% 24.4% - 34.7% Do not know 7.6% 16.6% 9.6% 9.1% 4.7% - 12.0% 11.4% - 23.5% 5.1% - 17.5% 6.5% - 12.6% Observations 236 215 84 535 N/A: confidence interval cou d not be calculated. D-124 Table D.40 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.41. Question El: What COVID-19-related conditions have interfered with your organization's ability to complete the required sampling needed to operate your system and to determine compliance with regulations? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Percentage Reporting by Population Served Response < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Lack of available personnel 1.7% 5.7% 10.6% 2.7% for sample collection 0.6% - 4.5% 3.4% - 9.4% 6.1% - 17.8% 1.5% - 4.5% Lack of available supplies 1.2% 3.2% 0.0% 1.5% for sampling and/or shipping 0.4% - 3.8% 1.6% - 6.3% N/A - N/A 0.7% - 3.2% Lack of available personal 1.2% 3.2% 5.0% 1.6% protective equipment 0.4% - 3.8% 1.6% - 6.3% 1.9% - 12.6% 0.8% - 3.3% Lack of access to approved 1.6% 6.2% 8.7% 2.6% monitoring locations 0.5% - 4.5% 3.8% - 10.0% 4.8% - 15.3% 1.5% - 4.5% Other 0.7% 2.3% 1.0% 0.9% 0.2% - 2.9% 1.0% - 5.2% 0.2% - 5.2% 0.4% - 2.3% None 93.0% 83.9% 79.6% 91.1% 88.7% - 95.7% 78.7% - 88.1% 69.7% - 86.8% 87.8% - 93.5% Do not know 1.0% 0.9% 1.0% 1.0% 0.3% - 3.8% 0.2% - 3.3% 0.2% - 5.2% 0.3% - 3.0% Observations 233 216 82 531 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-125 Table D.41 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.42. Question E2: What COVID-19-related conditions have interfered with your organization's ability to complete required laboratory analyses needed to operate your system and to determine compliance with regulations? Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Lack of available laboratory personnel 1.8% 0.7% - 4.5% 6.2% 3.8% - 10.0% 15.3% 9.6% - 23.5% 2.9% 1.8% - 4.8% Lack of available supplies for sampling and/or shipping 0.6% 0.1% - 3.1% 1.8% 0.7% - 4.6% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.8% 0.3% - 2.3% Lack of available personal protective equipment 0.7% 0.2% - 2.9% 3.0% 1.5% - 6.0% 4.0% 1.3% - 11.7% 1.2% 0.5% - 2.5% Internal laboratory capacity shortages that delay timely analysis 0.5% 0.1% - 3.4% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.9% 5.7% 2.8% - 11.4% 0.7% 0.2% - 2.2% Decreased access to external laboratory services 1.5% 0.5% - 4.5% 2.5% 1.2% - 5.4% 4.8% 2.2% - 10.2% 1.8% 0.8% - 3.8% Delays in external laboratory services 4.6% 2.5% - 8.5% 4.2% 2.3% - 7.5% 6.7% 3.4% - 12.7% 4.6% 2.8% - 7.6% Sample transport delays 2.2% 0.9% - 5.2% 3.7% 1.9% - 7.0% 2.9% 1.1% - 7.6% 2.4% 1.3% - 4.7% Travel restrictions 1.1% 0.3% - 3.8% 0.9% 0.3% - 3.3% 3.8% 1.6% - 8.9% 1.2% 0.4% - 3.0% Revenue interruption 1.1% 0.3% - 3.8% 0.2% 0.0% - 1.1% 0.0% N/A - N/A 0.9% 0.3% - 3.0% Other 0.0% N/A - N/A 3.2% 1.6% - 6.4% 5.7% 2.8% - 11.4% 0.7% 0.4% - 1.2% None 88.5% 83.5% - 92.1% 81.8% 76.4% - 86.2% 73.1% 62.2% - 81.7% 86.9% 82.9% - 90.1% Do not know 2.1% 0.8% - 5.2% 1.4% 0.5% - 4.0% 1.0% 0.2% - 5.1% 1.9% 0.9% - 4.3% Observations 233 215 83 531 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-126 Table D.42 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.43. Question Fl: Has your organization experienced any issues or concerns related to cybersecurity during the pandemic? (Yes/No) Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Response Percentage Reportin g by Population Served < 10,000 10,000 - 99,999 100,000 or more All Percentage of Systems with Cybersecurity Concerns 2.1% 0.8% - 5.1% 4.4% 2.4% - 7.7% 12.7% 7.3% - 21.3% 2.8% 1.6% - 4.9% Observations 235 216 82 533 D-127 Table D.43 Page 1 of 1 ------- Table D.44. Gl. Looking ahead to the next several months, please indicate your level of concern about topics covered in this survey. Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Topics of Concern Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 > 10,000 100,000 or more All Supply Chain Mean Score 0.73 0.64 - 0.82 0.97 0.86 - 1.07 0.91 0.81 - 1.01 0.77 0.70 - 0.85 No Concern 36.6% 30.3% - 43.5% 19.4% 14.8% - 25.0% 14.9% 8.9% - 24.0% 33.1% 28.0% - 38.8% Mild Concern 50.3% 43.5% - 57.1% 63.2% 55.7% - 70.2% 76.8% 65.6% - 85.2% 53.3% 47.6% - 58.9% Serious Concern 10.3% 6.9% - 15.2% 16.0% 10.1% - 24.4% 6.3% 2.4% - 15.6% 11.1% 8.0% - 15.1% Do Not Know 2.7% 1.2% - 6.0% 1.4% 0.5% - 4.1% 2.0% 0.6% - 6.5% 2.5% 1.2% - 5.1% Observations 228 209 80 517 Workforce Mean Score 0.70 0.61 - 0.80 1.05 0.97 - 1.14 1.00 0.75 - 1.25 0.77 0.69 - 0.85 No Concern 41.7% 35.1% - 48.6% 20.5% 15.8% - 26.2% 24.2% 10.7% - 46.2% 37.7% 32.3% - 43.4% Mild Concern 42.7% 36.0% - 49.6% 53.3% 46.4% - 60.1% 51.3% 37.0% - 65.4% 44.7% 39.2% - 50.3% Serious Concern 12.9% 9.0% - 18.3% 25.8% 20.5% - 31.8% 24.5% 16.1% - 35.4% 15.4% 12.0% - 19.6% Do Not Know 2.7% 1.2% - 6.0% 0.5% 0.1% - 2.9% 0.0% N/A - N/A 2.2% 1.0% - 4.9% Observations 226 213 82 521 D-128 Table D.44 Page 1 of 3 ------- Table D.44. Gl. Looking ahead to the next several months, please indicate your level of concern about topics covered in this survey. Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Topics of Concern Response Percentage Reporting by Population Served < 10,000 > 10,000 100,000 or more All Financial Mean Score 0.71 0.62 - 0.81 0.72 0.63 - 0.82 0.76 0.54 - 0.98 0.72 0.64 - 0.80 No Concern 42.5% 35.8% - 49.4% 38.6% 31.9% - 45.8% 36.7% 22.1% - 54.3% 41.7% 36.1% - 47.4% Mild Concern 41.4% 34.7% - 48.3% 46.7% 39.7% - 53.8% 48.2% 34.3% - 62.3% 42.5% 37.0% - 48.2% Serious Concern 14.4% 10.2% - 20.0% 11.9% 8.3% - 16.6% 13.2% 7.3% - 22.7% 14.0% 10.5% - 18.4% Do Not Know 1.7% 0.6% - 4.7% 2.9% 1.4% - 6.0% 2.0% 0.6% - 6.5% 1.9% 0.9% - 4.1% Observations 223 208 80 511 Analytical Support Mean Score 0.33 0.26 - 0.40 0.47 0.39 - 0.55 0.45 0.29 - 0.60 0.36 0.30 - 0.42 No Concern 66.2% 59.3% - 72.4% 55.5% 48.4% - 62.5% 59.5% 46.0% - 71.8% 64.2% 58.6% - 69.4% Mild Concern 28.8% 22.9% - 35.5% 38.8% 32.0% - 46.0% 36.3% 25.0% - 49.5% 30.7% 25.7% - 36.1% Serious Concern 1.7% 0.6% - 4.7% 3.3% 1.7% - 6.6% 4.1% 1.3% - 12.1% 2.0% 1.0% - 4.2% Do Not Know 3.3% 1.6% - 6.9% 2.4% 1.0% - 5.4% 0.0% N/A - N/A 3.1% 1.6% - 5.9% Observations 222 208 80 510 D-129 Table D.44 Page 2 of 3 ------- Table D.44. Gl. Looking ahead to the next several months, please indicate your level of concern about topics covered in this survey. Wastewater Treatment Facilities Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals Topics of Percentage Reporting by Population Served Concern Response < 10,000 > 10,000 100,000 or more All Cybersecurity Mean Score 0.27 0.45 0.68 0.31 0.20 - 0.34 0.37 - 0.52 0.54 - 0.81 0.26 - 0.37 No Concern 72.7% 56.0% 39.9% 68.9% 66.2% - 78.4% 48.8% - 63.0% 28.0% - 53.2% 63.5% - 73.7% Mild Concern 21.6% 39.7% 51.2% 25.6% 16.5% - 27.8% 32.8% - 46.9% 37.1% - 65.1% 21.1% - 30.6% Serious 2.3% 1.9% 7.9% 2.4% Concern 0.9% - 5.5% 0.8% - 4.8% 4.2% - 14.4% 1.2% - 4.8% Do Not Know 3.4% 2.4% 1.0% 3.1% 1.6% - 7.0% 1.1% - 5.4% 0.2% - 5.3% 1.6% - 5.9% Observations 222 206 80 508 N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated. D-130 Table D.44 Page 3 of 3 ------- |