EPA 2020 COVID-19
WATER SECTOR SURVEY

Appendix D: Data Tables for Wastewater
Treatment Facilities
June 2021
&EPA
810-R-21-001

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Notes on Appendix D
Appendices C-G present tables with detailed findings from the EPA 2020 COVID-19 Water Sector Survey.
This appendix, Appendix D, presents findings specifically for wastewater treatment facilities. Each table
includes findings for subgroups based on size (population served).
The order of presentation in this appendix follows the order of questions in the survey (see Appendix B).
The title of each table generally includes the applicable survey question number and the text of the
question itself (or a close paraphrase). EPA used financial data from Part D of the survey to generate
some derived measures. The tables presenting these measures are labeled as "calculated" rather than
labelled with a question number.
Some questions asked survey participants specifically about experiences from January 2020 to the
present day, or from present day to December 2020. For these questions, "January to the Present" or
"Present to December" is listed above each table to show the time period covered by the table.
In most cases, findings are presented as point estimates and 95 percent confidence intervals. For an
explanation of confidence intervals, see the discussion of methodology in Appendix A.
Several questions asked respondents to provide responses on a scale. For example, questions Bl.1.1 and
B2.1.1 asked respondents to rank the severity of their treatment chemical shortages as "no impact,"
"slight impact," "moderate impact," or "severe impact." EPA calculated a mean score for each such
question by assigning numeric values to the responses (for example, 0 for no impact, 1 for slight impact,
2 for moderate impact, and 3 for severe impact) and averaging the results.
Each table lists the number of observations, which is the number of responses received from survey
participants to a given question or response option. The quantitative findings presented in the tables are
weighted to provide national estimates, using weightings calculated and assigned to each utility type
and size subgroup. For more information on the weightings, see the discussion of methodology in
Appendix A.
Blank cells indicate that no applicable responses were received. "N/A" indicates that a confidence
interval cannot be calculated because there was no variance in responses.
D-2

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Table D.l. Question Bl.l: What kinds of shortages or supply chain disruptions did your organization experience from January 2020 through
present day?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Treatment Chemicals
2.3%
1.1% - 5.0%
5.9%
3.7% - 9.4%
10.2%
5.6% - 18.0%
3.2%
1.9% - 5.1%
PPE
43.3%
37.3% - 49.5%
65.8%
59.6% - 71.5%
75.5%
65.4% - 83.4%
47.9%
42.9% - 53.1%
Durable Goods and Other
Equipment and Supplies
11.8%
8.4% - 16.4%
18.7%
14.5% - 23.8%
20.8%
14.1% - 29.5%
13.2%
10.2% - 16.9%
None
53.5%
47.3% - 59.6%
29.6%
24.3% - 35.6%
23.7%
15.9% - 33.7%
48.8%
43.7% - 53.9%
Observations
276
242
95
613
D-3
Table D.1 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Carbon
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.008
0.008
0.000
0.008
dioxide

-0.003 - 0.020
-0.007 - 0.022
0.000 - 0.000
-0.002 - 0.018

No impact (0)
99.2%
99.6%
100.0%
99.3%


96.8% - 99.8%
97.6% - 99.9%
N/A - N/A
97.4% - 99.8%

Slight (1)
0.8%
0.0%
0.0%
0.7%


0.2% - 3.2%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 2.6%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%


N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.4%
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 0.4%

Severe (3)





Observations
276
242
95
613
Ferric
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.010
0.008
0.049
0.011
chloride

-0.002 - 0.022
-0.002 - 0.018
0.005 - 0.093
0.001 - 0.021

No impact (0)
99.1%
99.2%
96.7%
99.0%


96.8% - 99.7%
97.2% - 99.8%
92.4% - 98.6%
97.4% - 99.6%

Slight (1)
0.8%
0.8%
1.6%
0.9%


0.2% - 3.2%
0.2% - 2.8%
0.5% - 5.3%
0.3% - 2.6%

Moderate (2)
0.1%
0.0%
1.6%
0.1%


0.0% - 0.5%
N/A - N/A
0.5% - 5.3%
0.0% - 0.4%

Severe (3)





Observations
276
242
95
613
D-4	Table D.2 Page 1 of 6

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Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Fluoride
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.004
-0.004 - 0.012
0.008
-0.007 - 0.022
0.000
0.000 - 0.000
0.005
-0.002 - 0.012

No impact (0)
99.6%
97.1% - 99.9%
99.6%
97.6% - 99.9%
100.0%
N/A - N/A
99.6%
97.9% - 99.9%

Slight (1)
0.4%
0.1% - 2.9%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.3%
0.0% - 2.3%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.4%
0.1% - 2.4%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.1%
0.0% - 0.4%

Severe (3)





Observations
276
242
95
613
Gaseous
chlorine
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.005
-0.003 - 0.013
0.008
-0.002 - 0.018
0.000
0.000 - 0.000
0.005
-0.002 - 0.012

No impact (0)
99.5%
97.4% - 99.9%
99.2%
97.2% - 99.8%
100.0%
N/A - N/A
99.5%
98.1% - 99.9%

Slight (1)
0.5%
0.1% - 2.6%
0.8%
0.2% - 2.8%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.5%
0.1% - 1.9%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

Severe (3)





Observations
276
242
95
613
D-5
Table D.2 Page 2 of 6

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Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Liquid
oxygen
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.006
-0.003 - 0.016
0.000
0.000 - 0.000
0.000
0.000 - 0.000
0.005
-0.002 - 0.013

No impact (0)
99.5%
97.4% - 99.9%
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A
99.6%
97.9% - 99.9%

Slight (1)
0.4%
0.1% - 2.9%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.3%
0.0% - 2.3%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

Severe (3)
0.1%
0.0% - 0.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.1%
0.0% - 0.4%

Observations
276
242
95
613
Lime
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.006
-0.002 - 0.015
0.000
0.000 - 0.000
0.000
0.000 - 0.000
0.005
-0.002 - 0.012

No impact (0)
99.4%
97.6% - 99.9%
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A
99.5%
98.0% - 99.9%

Slight (1)
0.5%
0.1% - 2.6%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.4%
0.1% - 2.1%

Moderate (2)
0.1%
0.0% - 0.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.1%
0.0% - 0.4%

Severe (3)





Observations
276
242
95
613
D-6
Table D.2 Page 3 of 6

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Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Orthophosphate
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.004
0.008
0.000
0.005


-0.004 - 0.012
-0.002 - 0.018
0.000 - 0.000
-0.002 - 0.011

No impact (0)
99.6%
99.2%
100.0%
99.5%


97.1% - 99.9%
97.2% - 99.8%
N/A - N/A
98.0% - 99.9%

Slight (1)
0.4%
0.8%
0.0%
0.5%


0.1% - 2.9%
0.2% - 2.8%
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.0%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Severe (3)





Observations
276
242
95
613
Polymers
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.005
0.056
0.059
0.015


-0.003 - 0.013
0.022 - 0.089
0.010 - 0.108
0.006 - 0.023

No impact (0)
99.5%
96.0%
94.9%
98.8%


97.4% - 99.9%
93.0% - 97.8%
88.5% - 97.8%
97.7% - 99.4%

Slight (1)
0.5%
2.4%
4.3%
0.9%


0.1% - 2.6%
1.1% - 4.9%
1.6% - 10.7%
0.4% - 2.0%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
1.6%
0.8%
0.3%


N/A - N/A
0.6% - 3.9%
0.2% - 4.3%
0.1% - 0.6%

Severe (3)





Observations
276
242
95
613
D-7
Table D.2 Page 4 of 6

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Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Potassium
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.004
0.020
0.000
0.006
permanganate

-0.004 - 0.012
-0.002 - 0.041
0.000 - 0.000
-0.001 - 0.014

No impact (0)
99.6%
98.8%
100.0%
99.5%


97.1% - 99.9%
96.6% - 99.6%
N/A - N/A
98.1% - 99.9%

Slight (1)
0.4%
0.4%
0.0%
0.4%


0.1% - 2.9%
0.1% - 2.4%
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.1%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
0.8%
0.0%
0.1%


N/A - N/A
0.2% - 2.8%
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 0.4%

Severe (3)





Observations
276
242
95
613
Sodium
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.006
0.016
0.008
0.008
hydroxide

-0.003 - 0.016
-0.002 - 0.034
-0.006 - 0.022
0.000 - 0.016

No impact (0)
99.5%
98.8%
99.2%
99.4%


97.4% - 99.9%
96.6% - 99.6%
95.7% - 99.8%
98.1% - 99.8%

Slight (1)
0.4%
0.8%
0.8%
0.5%


0.1% - 2.9%
0.2% - 2.8%
0.2% - 4.3%
0.1% - 1.9%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%


N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.4%
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 0.4%

Severe (3)
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%


0.0% - 0.5%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 0.4%

Observations
276
242
95
613
D-8
Table D.2 Page 5 of 6

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Table D.2. Question Bl.1.1: How severe were the treatment chemical shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Sodium
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.013
0.032
0.051
0.018
hypochlorite

-0.005 - 0.031
0.007 - 0.057
0.008 - 0.094
0.002 - 0.033

No impact (0)
99.1%
97.6%
94.9%
98.7%


96.8% - 99.7%
95.1% - 98.9%
88.5% - 97.8%
97.3% - 99.4%

Slight (1)
0.5%
1.6%
5.1%
0.8%


0.1% - 2.6%
0.6% - 3.9%
2.2% - 11.5%
0.3% - 2.0%

Moderate (2)
0.4%
0.8%
0.0%
0.5%


0.1% - 2.9%
0.2% - 2.8%
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.0%

Severe (3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
276
242
95
613
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-9
Table D.2 Page 6 of 6

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Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Carbon
Unavailable from
0.0%
100.0%

8.4%
dioxide
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

8.4% - 8.4%

Delayed / backordered
50.0%
0.0%

45.8%

from supplier(s)
1.4% - 98.6%
N/A - N/A

1.7% - 97.7%

Transportation /
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Price
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
2
1

3
Ferric
Unavailable from
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
chloride
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Delayed / backordered
45.8%
50.0%
75.0%
49.7%

from supplier(s)
1.0% - 98.5%
1.6% - 98.4%
11.5% - 98.6%
3.4% - 96.6%

Transportation /
8.4%
50.0%
25.0%
15.6%

distribution difficulties
0.9% - 49.3%
1.6% - 98.4%
1.4% - 88.5%
5.0% - 39.3%

Price
8.4%
0.0%
0.0%
6.3%


0.9% - 49.3%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.5% - 45.8%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
25.0%
2.9%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.4% - 88.5%
0.3% - 25.2%

Observations
3
2
4
9
D-10	Table D.3 Page 1 of 6

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Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Fluoride
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Price
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
1
1

2
Gaseous
chlorine
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
15.5%
2.0% - 61.8%
50.0%
2.3% - 97.7%

23.6%
6.9% - 56.3%
Price
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
2
2

4
D-11
Table D.3 Page 2 of 6

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Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Liquid
oxygen
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
84.5%
84.5% - 84.5%


84.5%
84.5% - 84.5%
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Price
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
2


2
Lime
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
13.4%
0.8% - 75.1%


13.4%
0.8% - 75.1%
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
100.0%
N/A - N/A


100.0%
N/A - N/A
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
13.4%
0.8% - 75.1%


13.4%
0.8% - 75.1%
Price
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
3


3
D-12
Table D.3 Page 3 of 6

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Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Orthophosphate
Unavailable from
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Delayed / backordered
100.0%
50.0%

86.6%

from supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 100.0%

4.3% - 99.9%

Transportation /
0.0%
50.0%

13.4%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 100.0%

0.1% - 95.7%

Price
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
1
2

3
Polymers
Unavailable from
0.0%
20.0%
0.0%
10.4%

supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
4.2% - 58.7%
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 36.0%

Delayed / backordered
100.0%
80.0%
48.5%
82.1%

from supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
41.3% - 95.8%
11.5% - 87.2%
57.7% - 93.9%

Transportation /
0.0%
40.0%
35.3%
25.9%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
13.9% - 73.4%
6.2% - 81.7%
11.3% - 49.1%

Price
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
16.2%
2.4%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.3% - 73.3%
0.3% - 17.2%

Observations
2
10
5
17
D-13
Table D.3 Page 4 of 6

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Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Potassium
Unavailable from
0.0%
66.7%

23.6%
permanganate
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
4.9% - 98.7%

5.9% - 60.6%

Delayed / backordered
100.0%
33.3%

76.4%

from supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
1.3% - 95.1%

39.4% - 94.1%

Transportation /
0.0%
33.3%

11.8%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
1.3% - 95.1%

0.8% - 68.2%

Price
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
1
3

4
Sodium
Unavailable from
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
hydroxide
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Delayed / backordered
84.5%
33.3%
0.0%
65.1%

from supplier(s)
25.4% - 98.9%
1.0% - 96.2%
N/A - N/A
35.3% - 86.5%

Transportation /
0.0%
66.7%
100.0%
24.8%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
3.8% - 99.0%
N/A - N/A
5.5% - 65.1%

Price
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
2
3
1
6
D-14
Table D.3 Page 5 of 6

-------
Table D.3. Question Bl.1.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Sodium
Unavailable from
45.8%
16.7%
32.3%
35.5%
hypochlorite
supplier(s)
1.7% - 97.6%
1.7% - 69.6%
5.7% - 79.2%
4.6% - 86.4%

Delayed / backordered
100.0%
50.0%
32.3%
76.3%

from supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
14.0% - 86.0%
5.7% - 79.2%
57.0% - 88.7%

Transportation /
8.4%
50.0%
67.7%
28.5%

distribution difficulties
1.1% - 42.3%
14.0% - 86.0%
20.8% - 94.3%
15.6% - 46.2%

Price
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
16.2%
2.2%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.4% - 72.7%
0.3% - 15.8%

Observations
3
6
5
14
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-15
Table D.3 Page 6 of 6

-------
Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Carbon
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
100.0%

8.4%
dioxide

N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

3.2% - 20.1%

Drew down existing inventory
50.0%
2.9% - 97.1%
100.0%
N/A - N/A

54.2%
4.5% - 96.8%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
2
1
3
6
Ferric
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
chloride

N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Drew down existing inventory
54.2%
100.0%
75.0%
62.4%


5.7% - 95.8%
N/A - N/A
21.8% - 97.0%
12.7% - 95.0%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
50.0%
5.8%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
11.4% - 88.6%
1.2% - 24.3%

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
5
6
12
23
D-16
Table D.4 Page 1 of 6

-------
Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Fluoride
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A

15.5%
2.4% - 57.7%
Drew down existing inventory
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A
Switched chemicals, procedures, or
technologies
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Sought help from other utilities
or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Coordinated with local or state
emergency management agency
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
3
1
3
6
Gaseous
chlorine
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Drew down existing inventory
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A
Switched chemicals, procedures, or
technologies
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Sought help from other utilities
or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Coordinated with local or state
emergency management agency
3.5%
0.5% - 20.7%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
2.4%
0.3% - 15.5%
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
7
12
3
22
D-17
Table D.4 Page 2 of 6

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Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Liquid
oxygen
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Drew down existing inventory
84.5%
37.7% - 98.0%


84.5%
37.7% - 98.0%
Switched chemicals, procedures, or
technologies
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Sought help from other utilities
or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Coordinated with local or state
emergency management agency
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
2
1
4
7
Lime
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Drew down existing inventory
100.0%
N/A - N/A


100.0%
N/A - N/A
Switched chemicals, procedures, or
technologies
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Sought help from other utilities
or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Coordinated with local or state
emergency management agency
5.8%
0.8% - 31.6%

0.0%
N/A - N/A
5.3%
0.7% - 29.9%
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A


0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
4

3
7
D-18
Table D.4 Page 3 of 6

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Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Orthophos-
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%
phate

N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Drew down existing inventory
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
3
2
3
6
Polymers
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Drew down existing inventory
100.0%
90.0%
83.8%
92.4%


N/A - N/A
52.5% - 98.7%
35.5% - 98.0%
69.9% - 98.5%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
48.5%
7.1%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
12.9% - 85.7%
2.1% - 21.2%

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
10.0%
0.0%
5.2%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
1.3% - 47.5%
N/A - N/A
0.7% - 31.0%

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
14
21
19
54
D-19
Table D.4 Page 4 of 6

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Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Potassium
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
33.3%

11.8%
perman-

N/A - N/A
3.0% - 88.9%

0.9% - 65.3%
ganate
Drew down existing inventory
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%

0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A

0.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
5
3
3
10
Sodium
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
33.3%
0.0%
10.1%
hydroxide

N/A - N/A
3.6% - 86.9%
N/A - N/A
1.0% - 56.3%

Drew down existing inventory
84.5%
100.0%
100.0%
89.9%


24.1% - 98.9%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
43.7% - 99.0%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
33.3%
100.0%
14.7%

technologies
N/A - N/A
3.6% - 86.9%
N/A - N/A
2.1% - 57.9%

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
4
7
6
17
D-20
Table D.4 Page 5 of 6

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Table D.4. Question Bl.1.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Sodium
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
16.7%
16.2%
7.0%
hypochlorite

N/A - N/A
2.2% - 64.2%
2.0% - 64.7%
1.4% - 29.3%

Drew down existing inventory
100.0%
100.0%
83.8%
97.8%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
35.3% - 98.0%
84.7% - 99.7%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
16.7%
0.0%
4.8%

technologies
N/A - N/A
2.2% - 64.2%
N/A - N/A
0.6% - 30.0%

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
1.3%
0.0%
0.0%
1.0%

emergency management agency
0.2% - 8.8%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 6.8%

Other
45.8%
0.0%
0.0%
26.3%


5.3% - 92.7%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
3.9% - 75.9%

Observations
17
19
13
49
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-21
Table D.4 Page 6 of 6

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Table D.5. Question Bl.2.1: How severe were the personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
N95 masks
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.467
0.787
1.035
0.536
and/or

0.368 - 0.567
0.676 - 0.898
0.867 - 1.204
0.454 - 0.619
elastomeric
No impact (0)
68.9%
48.6%
30.8%
64.5%
respirators

63.0% - 74.4%
41.8% - 55.5%
21.7% - 41.7%
59.5% - 69.2%

Slight (1)
19.9%
30.5%
43.5%
22.4%


15.5% - 25.4%
23.9% - 38.1%
30.6% - 57.4%
18.4% - 26.9%

Moderate (2)
6.5%
14.4%
16.9%
8.1%


4.1% - 10.3%
10.7% - 19.2%
11.0% - 25.2%
5.9% - 11.1%

Severe (3)
4.6%
6.4%
8.7%
5.0%


2.6% - 7.9%
4.1% - 10.0%
4.4% - 16.5%
3.3% - 7.6%

Observations
276
239
94
609
Alternative
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.368
0.657
0.702
0.424
mask

0.282 - 0.453
0.558 - 0.755
0.505 - 0.900
0.353 - 0.495
options
No impact (0)
74.7%
52.8%
48.7%
70.4%
(surgical,

69.0% - 79.7%
45.8% - 59.7%
36.0% - 61.6%
65.7% - 74.8%
cloth, etc.)
Slight (1)
14.7%
31.2%
34.2%
17.9%


10.9% - 19.6%
24.5% - 38.7%
24.5% - 45.4%
14.5% - 22.0%

Moderate (2)
9.7%
13.6%
15.3%
10.5%


6.6% - 14.0%
10.0% - 18.3%
9.7% - 23.2%
7.8% - 13.9%

Severe (3)
0.9%
2.4%
1.8%
1.2%


0.3% - 3.2%
1.1% - 5.0%
0.3% - 10.5%
0.5% - 2.7%

Observations
276
239
94
609
D-22	Table D.5 Page 1 of 3

-------
Table D.5. Question Bl.2.1: How severe were the personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Face shield
and/or
protective
eye wear
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.245
0.179 - 0.312
0.371
0.283 - 0.458
0.454
0.306 - 0.602
0.272
0.216 - 0.328
No impact (0)
80.4%
75.1% - 84.9%
73.4%
66.8% - 79.0%
63.3%
51.8% - 73.4%
78.8%
74.4% - 82.6%
Slight (1)
15.1%
11.1% - 20.1%
18.2%
13.3% - 24.5%
28.0%
19.7% - 38.2%
16.0%
12.6% - 20.1%
Moderate (2)
4.0%
2.2% - 7.2%
6.4%
4.1% - 10.0%
8.7%
4.4% - 16.5%
4.5%
2.9% - 7.0%
Severe (3)
0.5%
0.1% - 2.6%
2.0%
0.9% - 4.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.7%
0.3% - 1.9%
Observations
276
239
94
609
Nitrile
and/or latex
gloves
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.525
0.426 - 0.625
0.775
0.637 - 0.912
0.818
0.678 - 0.957
0.574
0.490 - 0.658
No impact (0)
64.0%
57.9% - 69.7%
47.2%
40.4% - 54.0%
39.4%
28.7% - 51.2%
60.6%
55.5% - 65.4%
Slight (1)
22.9%
18.1% - 28.5%
33.6%
27.2% - 40.7%
42.8%
29.8% - 56.9%
25.2%
21.1% - 29.9%
Moderate (2)
9.6%
6.5% - 13.9%
13.8%
10.2% - 18.5%
14.4%
9.0% - 22.3%
10.4%
7.7% - 13.8%
Severe (3)
3.5%
1.8% - 6.6%
5.4%
2.3% - 12.2%
3.4%
1.4% - 7.7%
3.8%
2.2% - 6.3%
Observations
276
239
94
609
D-23
Table D.5 Page 2 of 3

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Table D.5. Question Bl.2.1: How severe were the personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions that you
experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Tyvek suite
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.229
0.182
0.359
0.226
and/or

0.153 - 0.305
0.126 - 0.238
0.231 - 0.487
0.164 - 0.289
disposable
No impact (0)
85.2%
85.0%
71.0%
84.7%
coveralls

80.3% - 89.1%
80.3% - 88.8%
60.5% - 79.6%
80.7% - 88.0%

Slight (1)
9.0%
12.2%
22.1%
10.0%


6.0% - 13.3%
8.8% - 16.6%
14.9% - 31.5%
7.4% - 13.3%

Moderate (2)
3.5%
2.4%
6.9%
3.4%


1.8% - 6.6%
1.1% - 5.0%
3.4% - 13.5%
2.0% - 5.9%

Severe (3)
2.3%
0.4%
0.0%
1.9%


1.1% - 5.0%
0.1% - 2.5%
N/A - N/A
0.9% - 4.1%

Observations
276
239
94
609
Sanitizing
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.631
1.020
1.164
0.710
wipes,

0.515 - 0.747
0.868 - 1.172
0.985 - 1.344
0.612 - 0.807
sprays for
No impact (0)
63.0%
42.4%
28.3%
58.7%
cleaning

56.9% - 68.8%
35.8% - 49.2%
19.7% - 38.9%
53.6% - 63.5%
work
Slight (1)
17.0%
23.4%
37.3%
18.7%
offices, or

12.9% - 22.1%
18.0% - 29.8%
24.3% - 52.5%
15.1% - 22.9%
gels for
Moderate (2)
13.8%
24.0%
24.0%
15.7%
hand

10.1% - 18.7%
18.6% - 30.4%
16.2% - 33.9%
12.5% - 19.7%
sanitizing
Severe (3)
6.2%
10.2%
10.4%
6.9%


3.8% - 9.9%
6.2% - 16.4%
5.7% - 18.3%
4.8% - 9.9%

Observations
276
239
94
609
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-24
Table D.5 Page 3 of 3

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Table D.6. Question Bl.2.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
N95 masks
Unavailable from
44.4%
50.2%
55.6%
46.4%
and/or
supplier(s)
33.7% - 55.6%
39.7% - 60.7%
39.2% - 70.9%
38.3% - 54.8%
elastomeric
Delayed / backordered
54.5%
63.8%
67.1%
57.4%
respirators
from supplier(s)
43.3% - 65.3%
53.1% - 73.3%
44.1% - 84.0%
49.0% - 65.5%

Transportation /
1.3%
3.9%
7.5%
2.3%

distribution difficulties
0.2% - 9.0%
1.7% - 8.9%
3.0% - 17.6%
1.0% - 5.6%

Price
4.8%
3.9%
7.5%
4.8%


1.8% - 12.0%
1.7% - 8.9%
3.0% - 17.6%
2.3% - 9.5%

Other
1.3%
0.8%
1.2%
1.2%


0.2% - 9.0%
0.1% - 5.1%
0.2% - 7.1%
0.2% - 5.7%

Observations
90
118
62
270
Alternative
Unavailable from
18.4%
25.8%
38.5%
21.4%
mask
supplier(s)
10.7% - 29.7%
16.9% - 37.3%
26.5% - 52.1%
15.2% - 29.4%
options
Delayed / backordered
68.1%
79.7%
76.5%
71.4%
(surgical,
from supplier(s)
55.6% - 78.4%
67.9% - 87.9%
63.0% - 86.1%
62.4% - 79.0%
cloth, etc.)
Transportation /
1.7%
5.9%
6.8%
3.0%

distribution difficulties
0.2% - 11.0%
2.9% - 11.9%
2.2% - 19.6%
1.3% - 6.8%

Price
8.9%
5.9%
6.8%
8.0%


3.9% - 18.9%
2.9% - 11.9%
2.2% - 19.6%
4.3% - 14.7%

Other
0.0%
0.8%
3.3%
0.4%


N/A - N/A
0.1% - 5.5%
0.9% - 11.2%
0.1% - 1.3%

Observations
77
107
54
238
D-25	Table D.6 Page 1 of 3

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Table D.6. Question Bl.2.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Face shield
and/or
protective
eye wear
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
14.0%
6.8% - 26.8%
30.8%
18.1% - 47.3%
25.6%
14.2% - 41.6%
18.0%
11.3% - 27.4%
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
79.2%
65.5% - 88.4%
67.7%
51.5% - 80.5%
79.4%
65.3% - 88.8%
76.9%
66.6% - 84.8%
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
2.5%
0.5% - 12.7%
4.5%
1.5% - 13.1%
9.6%
3.0% - 26.7%
3.3%
1.2% - 9.0%
Price
4.7%
1.3% - 15.6%
3.0%
0.8% - 11.2%
5.0%
0.7% - 26.9%
4.4%
1.5% - 11.9%
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
56
63
39
158
Nitrile
and/or latex
gloves
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
26.0%
18.0% - 36.1%
22.7%
16.1% - 31.0%
22.4%
12.6% - 36.6%
25.2%
18.9% - 32.7%
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
75.6%
65.6% - 83.4%
87.8%
81.0% - 92.4%
90.3%
80.6% - 95.4%
78.9%
71.3% - 84.9%
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
4.7%
1.8% - 11.8%
3.8%
1.6% - 8.7%
5.8%
1.8% - 17.5%
4.5%
2.1% - 9.4%
Price
6.5%
2.9% - 13.6%
9.1%
5.3% - 15.3%
12.7%
6.0% - 24.9%
7.3%
4.3% - 12.3%
Other
2.3%
0.6% - 8.9%
1.5%
0.4% - 5.7%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
2.0%
0.6% - 6.5%
Observations
105
121
53
279
D-26
Table D.6 Page 2 of 3

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Table D.6. Question Bl.2.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Tyvek suite
and/or
disposable
coveralls
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
31.6%
18.7% - 48.2%
13.4%
5.7% - 28.4%
26.6%
13.6% - 45.4%
28.5%
18.1% - 41.9%
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
55.0%
38.7% - 70.3%
70.6%
54.3% - 82.9%
79.7%
63.3% - 90.0%
59.0%
45.6% - 71.2%
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
2.8%
0.4% - 18.0%
5.4%
1.3% - 19.1%
12.1%
3.8% - 32.6%
3.8%
1.1% - 12.2%
Price
3.9%
0.9% - 15.8%
5.4%
1.3% - 19.1%
2.9%
0.4% - 17.1%
4.0%
1.3% - 12.2%
Other
2.8%
0.4% - 18.0%
2.7%
0.4% - 16.8%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
2.6%
0.5% - 13.2%
Observations
43
39
31
113
Sanitizing
wipes,
sprays for
cleaning
work
offices, or
gels for
hand
sanitizing
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
39.6%
30.1% - 49.9%
49.3%
39.8% - 58.9%
53.5%
37.3% - 69.0%
42.5%
35.1% - 50.2%
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
66.3%
56.1% - 75.2%
67.6%
58.9% - 75.3%
69.2%
46.0% - 85.6%
66.8%
59.1% - 73.7%
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
2.3%
0.6% - 8.6%
3.5%
1.5% - 7.9%
7.2%
2.9% - 16.9%
SO
00 ,
rsi
t—i
Price
6.8%
3.1% - 14.3%
6.3%
3.3% - 11.5%
12.1%
5.9% - 23.5%
7.0%
3.9% - 12.1%
Other
1.1%
0.2% - 7.6%
0.7%
0.1% - 4.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
1.0%
0.2% - 5.1%
Observations
109
134
65
308
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-27
Table D.6 Page 3 of 3

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Table D.7. Question Bl.2.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
N95 masks
Found alternative supplier
32.1%
45.5%
52.8%
36.5%
and/or

22.6% - 43.4%
35.1% - 56.3%
36.0% - 69.0%
28.9% - 44.8%
elastomeric
Drew down existing inventory
44.4%
59.9%
70.7%
49.6%
respirators

33.7% - 55.6%
49.3% - 69.7%
56.7% - 81.5%
41.3% - 57.9%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.2%
4.7%
4.9%
1.5%

technologies
0.0% - 1.6%
2.1% - 9.9%
1.9% - 11.8%
0.9% - 2.8%

Sought help from other utilities
9.5%
10.5%
16.4%
10.2%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
4.6% - 18.6%
6.3% - 17.1%
8.5% - 29.5%
6.2% - 16.3%

Coordinated with local or state
19.6%
15.9%
38.0%
20.0%

emergency management agency
12.2% - 30.1%
10.5% - 23.3%
20.7% - 58.9%
14.1% - 27.5%

Other
11.3%
4.7%
9.9%
9.7%


5.9% - 20.5%
2.1% - 9.9%
4.6% - 20.3%
5.6% - 16.2%

Observations
90
118
62
270
Alternative
Found alternative supplier
29.7%
60.2%
52.7%
38.6%
mask

19.8% - 41.9%
48.9% - 70.5%
39.6% - 65.4%
30.6% - 47.2%
options
Drew down existing inventory
29.5%
30.5%
48.7%
30.9%
(surgical,

19.5% - 41.9%
21.1% - 42.0%
35.8% - 61.7%
23.2% - 39.8%
cloth, etc.)
Switched chemicals, procedures, or
3.6%
1.7%
3.3%
3.1%

technologies
1.0% - 12.2%
0.4% - 6.4%
0.9% - 11.2%
1.1% - 8.6%

Sought help from other utilities
19.0%
21.6%
25.8%
20.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
11.0% - 30.7%
13.2% - 33.3%
15.2% - 40.2%
13.7% - 28.3%

Coordinated with local or state
24.1%
27.5%
31.4%
25.4%

emergency management agency
15.1% - 36.3%
18.4% - 39.0%
20.8% - 44.3%
18.3% - 34.0%

Other
1.7%
3.4%
4.9%
2.3%


0.2% - 11.0%
1.3% - 8.6%
1.7% - 13.2%
0.8% - 6.4%

Observations
77
107
54
238
D-28	Table D.7 Page 1 of 3

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Table D.7. Question Bl.2.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Face shield
Found alternative supplier
32.9%
51.1%
44.3%
37.1%
and/or

21.0% - 47.4%
37.4% - 64.7%
29.4% - 60.2%
27.4% - 47.9%
protective
Drew down existing inventory
44.2%
41.4%
58.0%
44.4%
eye wear

30.8% - 58.4%
28.0% - 56.2%
41.9% - 72.6%
33.9% - 55.5%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
2.7%
3.0%
4.6%
2.9%

technologies
0.5% - 12.3%
0.8% - 11.2%
1.2% - 15.8%
0.9% - 8.8%

Sought help from other utilities
8.7%
1.5%
16.8%
7.8%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
3.3% - 20.9%
0.2% - 9.8%
7.1% - 34.8%
3.5% - 16.6%

Coordinated with local or state
11.1%
10.5%
14.1%
11.2%

emergency management agency
4.8% - 23.7%
5.1% - 20.7%
5.8% - 30.4%
5.9% - 20.1%

Other
0.4%
3.0%
4.6%
1.1%


0.1% - 2.6%
0.8% - 11.2%
1.2% - 15.8%
0.5% - 2.8%

Observations
56
63
39
158
Nitrile
Found alternative supplier
34.9%
54.6%
45.1%
39.5%
and/or latex

25.8% - 45.3%
44.0% - 64.7%
28.0% - 63.3%
32.2% - 47.4%
gloves
Drew down existing inventory
70.3%
63.3%
77.8%
69.2%


60.0% - 78.8%
52.8% - 72.6%
64.5% - 87.2%
61.4% - 76.0%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
0.2%
4.9%
2.8%
1.3%

technologies
0.0% - 1.4%
2.3% - 10.0%
0.7% - 9.9%
0.7% - 2.4%

Sought help from other utilities
8.2%
7.2%
8.6%
8.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
4.0% - 16.2%
2.2% - 20.7%
3.4% - 20.1%
4.5% - 14.0%

Coordinated with local or state
2.3%
6.8%
12.5%
3.8%

emergency management agency
0.6% - 8.9%
3.6% - 12.5%
6.3% - 23.1%
1.9% - 7.3%

Other
1.2%
5.3%
2.8%
2.1%


0.2% - 7.8%
2.6% - 10.6%
0.7% - 9.9%
0.9% - 5.0%

Observations
105
121
53
279
D-29
Table D.7 Page 2 of 3

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Table D.7. Question Bl.2.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Tyvek suite
Found alternative supplier
17.5%
39.9%
41.1%
22.4%
and/or

8.1% - 33.6%
25.8% - 56.0%
25.1% - 59.1%
13.8% - 34.2%
disposable
Drew down existing inventory
50.4%
52.1%
71.1%
52.0%
coveralls

34.4% - 66.3%
36.5% - 67.3%
54.0% - 83.7%
38.9% - 64.8%

Switched chemicals, procedures, or
6.4%
5.4%
5.8%
6.2%

technologies
1.8% - 20.1%
1.3% - 19.1%
1.5% - 19.8%
2.2% - 16.2%

Sought help from other utilities
8.5%
2.7%
12.1%
7.8%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
2.7% - 23.6%
0.4% - 16.8%
3.8% - 32.6%
3.0% - 19.2%

Coordinated with local or state
8.5%
8.0%
5.8%
8.2%

emergency management agency
2.7% - 23.6%
2.6% - 22.2%
1.5% - 19.8%
3.2% - 19.4%

Other
6.2%
2.7%
5.8%
5.6%


1.7% - 20.2%
0.4% - 16.8%
1.5% - 19.8%
1.8% - 16.0%

Observations
43
39
31
113
Sanitizing
Found alternative supplier
47.6%
58.3%
67.5%
51.1%
wipes,

37.6% - 57.8%
48.2% - 67.8%
52.8% - 79.5%
43.3% - 58.8%
sprays for
Drew down existing inventory
41.9%
46.9%
66.6%
44.4%
cleaning

32.3% - 52.2%
37.2% - 56.7%
51.9% - 78.6%
36.9% - 52.2%
work
Switched chemicals, procedures, or
15.3%
17.0%
23.6%
16.2%
offices, or
technologies
9.3% - 24.3%
11.7% - 24.2%
14.5% - 36.1%
11.4% - 22.6%
gels for
Sought help from other utilities
10.7%
7.3%
6.1%
9.7%
hand
or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
5.8% - 18.9%
2.5% - 19.3%
2.2% - 15.7%
5.8% - 15.8%
sanitizing
Coordinated with local or state
10.4%
9.4%
25.2%
11.1%

emergency management agency
5.6% - 18.6%
5.6% - 15.2%
15.2% - 38.8%
7.1% - 16.8%

Other
6.8%
5.5%
5.9%
6.5%


3.1% - 14.3%
2.9% - 10.3%
2.5% - 12.9%
3.5% - 11.6%

Observations
109
134
65
308
D-30
Table D.7 Page 3 of 3

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Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that
you experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Filter media
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.010
0.020
0.042
0.013


-0.006 - 0.026
-0.002 - 0.041
0.004 - 0.079
-0.001 - 0.026

No impact (0)
99.4%
98.8%
96.7%
99.2%


97.6% - 99.9%
96.6% - 99.6%
92.4% - 98.6%
98.1% - 99.7%

Slight (1)
0.2%
0.4%
2.5%
0.3%


0.0% - 0.6%
0.1% - 2.4%
0.9% - 6.5%
0.1% - 0.6%

Moderate (2)
0.4%
0.8%
0.8%
0.5%


0.1% - 2.9%
0.2% - 2.8%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.1% - 1.9%

Severe (3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
275
242
94
611
Granular/
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.022
0.008
0.060
0.021
Powdered

-0.007 - 0.051
-0.007 - 0.022
0.010 - 0.109
-0.003 - 0.045
Activated
No impact (0)
99.0%
99.6%
94.9%
99.0%
Carbon (GAC/

96.8% - 99.7%
97.6% - 99.9%
88.4% - 97.8%
97.4% - 99.6%
PAC)
Slight (1)
0.1%
0.0%
4.3%
0.2%


0.0% - 0.4%
N/A - N/A
1.6% - 10.8%
0.1% - 0.5%

Moderate (2)
0.4%
0.4%
0.8%
0.4%


0.1% - 2.9%
0.1% - 2.4%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.1% - 2.0%

Severe (3)
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%


0.1% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 2.3%

Observations
275
242
94
611
D-31	Table D.8 Page 1 of 5

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Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that
you experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Membrane
modules
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.009
-0.007 - 0.026
0.024
-0.003 - 0.051
0.042
0.004 - 0.079
0.013
-0.001 - 0.027
No impact (0)
99.5%
97.4% - 99.9%
98.8%
96.6% - 99.6%
96.7%
92.4% - 98.6%
99.3%
98.1% - 99.7%
Slight (1)
0.1%
0.0% - 0.5%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.4%
2.5%
0.9% - 6.5%
0.2%
0.1% - 0.5%
Moderate (2)
0.4%
0.1% - 2.9%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.4%
0.8%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.0%
Severe (3)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.4%
0.1% - 2.4%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.1%
0.0% - 0.4%
Observations
275
242
94
611
Pumps
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.093
0.045 - 0.141
0.196
0.134 - 0.258
0.175
0.089 - 0.260
0.112
0.072 - 0.152
No impact (0)
94.0%
90.4% - 96.3%
85.5%
80.9% - 89.2%
87.5%
80.7% - 92.2%
92.5%
89.7% - 94.6%
Slight (1)
3.1%
1.5% - 6.1%
10.1%
7.1% - 14.2%
8.3%
4.8% - 14.1%
4.4%
2.9% - 6.6%
Moderate (2)
2.4%
1.1% - 5.1%
3.6%
1.9% - 6.5%
3.3%
1.4% - 7.6%
2.6%
1.4% - 4.6%
Severe (3)
0.5%
0.1% - 2.6%
0.8%
0.2% - 2.8%
0.8%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.6%
0.2% - 1.9%
Observations
275
242
94
611
D-32
Table D.8 Page 2 of 5

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Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that
you experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Motors
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.053
0.127
0.175
0.069


0.020 - 0.087
0.078 - 0.175
0.085 - 0.264
0.041 - 0.097

No impact (0)
96.2%
90.1%
88.4%
95.0%


93.1% - 97.9%
86.1% - 93.1%
81.8% - 92.8%
92.7% - 96.6%

Slight (1)
2.3%
7.5%
7.5%
3.3%


1.0% - 5.0%
5.0% - 11.2%
4.2% - 13.1%
2.0% - 5.2%

Moderate (2)
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
1.6%


0.6% - 3.8%
0.9% - 4.4%
0.9% - 6.5%
0.8% - 3.4%

Severe (3)
0.0%
0.4%
1.7%
0.1%


N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.4%
0.5% - 5.4%
0.0% - 0.4%

Observations
275
242
94
611
Pipes
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.051
0.103
0.125
0.061


0.019 - 0.082
0.059 - 0.146
0.056 - 0.193
0.035 - 0.088

No impact (0)
95.9%
91.7%
90.9%
95.1%


92.7% - 97.8%
87.9% - 94.4%
84.9% - 94.6%
92.6% - 96.8%

Slight (1)
3.1%
6.7%
5.8%
3.8%


1.5% - 6.1%
4.3% - 10.2%
3.0% - 10.9%
2.3% - 6.0%

Moderate (2)
0.9%
1.2%
3.3%
1.0%


0.2% - 3.2%
0.4% - 3.4%
1.4% - 7.6%
0.4% - 2.6%

Severe (3)
0.1%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%


0.0% - 0.5%
0.1% - 2.4%
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 0.4%

Observations
275
242
94
611
D-33
Table D.8 Page 3 of 5

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Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that
you experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Valves
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.063
0.027 - 0.099
0.146
0.093 - 0.200
0.125
0.053 - 0.196
0.078
0.048 - 0.108

No impact (0)
95.2%
91.7% - 97.2%
88.9%
84.7% - 92.1%
90.9%
84.9% - 94.6%
94.1%
91.4% - 95.9%

Slight (1)
3.4%
1.8% - 6.6%
8.3%
5.6% - 12.1%
6.6%
3.6% - 12.0%
4.3%
2.8% - 6.7%

Moderate (2)
1.3%
0.4% - 3.8%
2.0%
0.9% - 4.4%
1.7%
0.5% - 5.4%
1.4%
0.6% - 3.2%

Severe (3)
0.1%
0.0% - 0.5%
0.8%
0.2% - 2.8%
0.8%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.2%
0.1% - 0.5%

Observations
275
242
94
611
Fuel
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.010
-0.002 - 0.022
0.028
0.009 - 0.047
0.033
-0.001 - 0.068
0.014
0.004 - 0.023

No impact (0)
99.0%
96.8% - 99.7%
97.2%
94.5% - 98.6%
97.5%
93.5% - 99.1%
98.7%
97.2% - 99.4%

Slight (1)
1.0%
0.3% - 3.2%
2.8%
1.4% - 5.5%
1.7%
0.5% - 5.4%
1.3%
0.6% - 2.8%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.8%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.0%
0.0% - 0.2%

Severe (3)





Observations
275
242
94
611
D-34
Table D.8 Page 4 of 5

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Table D.8. Question Bl.3.1: How severe were the shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical equipment that
you experienced?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Vehicles
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.016
0.036
0.050
0.020


-0.003 - 0.034
0.010 - 0.062
0.005 - 0.094
0.004 - 0.036

No impact (0)
99.0%
97.2%
96.7%
98.6%


96.8% - 99.7%
94.5% - 98.6%
92.4% - 98.6%
97.2% - 99.4%

Slight (1)
0.5%
2.0%
1.7%
0.8%


0.1% - 2.6%
0.9% - 4.4%
0.5% - 5.4%
0.3% - 1.9%

Moderate (2)
0.4%
0.8%
1.7%
0.5%


0.1% - 2.9%
0.2% - 2.8%
0.5% - 5.4%
0.1% - 1.9%

Severe (3)
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%


0.0% - 0.5%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 0.4%

Observations
275
242
94
611
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-35
Table D.8 Page 5 of 5

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Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reportinf
j by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Filter media
Unavailable from
13.4%
33.3%
50.0%
23.7%

supplier(s)
1.7% - 57.5%
2.9% - 89.4%
8.5% - 91.5%
8.3% - 51.8%

Delayed / backordered
100.0%
33.3%
50.0%
76.3%

from supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
2.9% - 89.4%
8.5% - 91.5%
48.2% - 91.7%

Transportation /
86.6%
0.0%
75.0%
63.7%

distribution difficulties
42.5% - 98.3%
N/A - N/A
16.2% - 97.9%
44.1% - 79.6%

Price
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
3
3
4
10
Granular/
Unavailable from
44.1%
100.0%
32.3%
45.5%
Powdered
supplier(s)
1.7% - 97.3%
N/A - N/A
5.6% - 79.4%
4.2% - 94.1%
Activated
Delayed / backordered
3.7%
0.0%
32.3%
8.5%
Carbon (GAC/
from supplier(s)
0.5% - 24.3%
N/A - N/A
5.6% - 79.4%
3.5% - 19.2%
PAC)
Transportation /
0.0%
0.0%
83.8%
14.6%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
27.5% - 98.6%
4.9% - 36.4%

Price
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
4
1
5
10
D-36
Table D.9 Page 1 of 5

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Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reportinf
I by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Membrane
Unavailable from
0.0%
0.0%
25.0%
4.1%
modules
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.9% - 85.4%
0.4% - 28.4%

Delayed / backordered
0.0%
33.3%
25.0%
12.9%

from supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.4%
1.9% - 85.4%
2.2% - 49.0%

Transportation /
84.5%
66.7%
25.0%
70.1%

distribution difficulties
38.7% - 97.9%
8.6% - 97.7%
1.9% - 85.4%
43.1% - 87.9%

Price
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
25.0%
4.1%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.9% - 85.4%
0.4% - 28.4%

Observations
2
3
4
9
Pumps
Unavailable from
9.6%
8.2%
0.0%
8.7%

supplier(s)
2.0% - 35.5%
2.7% - 22.8%
N/A - N/A
2.8% - 24.1%

Delayed / backordered
96.1%
94.5%
86.7%
95.1%

from supplier(s)
89.2% - 98.7%
80.4% - 98.6%
59.0% - 96.7%
90.0% - 97.7%

Transportation /
9.6%
15.0%
46.7%
13.3%

distribution difficulties
2.0% - 35.5%
6.7% - 30.2%
23.8% - 71.0%
6.2% - 26.6%

Price
15.4%
2.7%
6.7%
11.1%


4.1% - 43.9%
0.4% - 17.3%
0.9% - 35.8%
3.4% - 30.3%

Other
1.3%
0.0%
0.0%
0.8%


0.2% - 8.5%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 5.7%

Observations
20
37
15
72
D-37
Table D.9 Page 2 of 5

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Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reportinf
I by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Motors
Unavailable from
15.2%
12.0%
7.1%
13.6%

supplier(s)
3.0% - 50.7%
3.8% - 31.9%
1.0% - 37.8%
4.4% - 34.9%

Delayed / backordered
73.7%
88.0%
92.9%
79.6%

from supplier(s)
38.4% - 92.7%
68.1% - 96.2%
62.2% - 99.0%
55.8% - 92.4%

Transportation /
26.3%
25.9%
42.9%
27.5%

distribution difficulties
7.3% - 61.6%
12.5% - 46.2%
20.4% - 68.7%
12.9% - 49.2%

Price
2.0%
0.0%
7.1%
1.8%


0.3% - 13.0%
N/A - N/A
1.0% - 37.8%
0.4% - 7.7%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
14
26
14
54
Pipes
Unavailable from
12.3%
9.6%
0.0%
10.8%

supplier(s)
2.0% - 49.1%
2.3% - 32.0%
N/A - N/A
2.6% - 34.9%

Delayed / backordered
98.1%
85.7%
90.9%
94.3%

from supplier(s)
87.8% - 99.7%
63.1% - 95.4%
54.9% - 98.8%
87.2% - 97.6%

Transportation /
1.9%
16.5%
36.4%
8.0%

distribution difficulties
0.3% - 12.2%
5.9% - 38.3%
14.0% - 66.8%
4.2% - 14.8%

Price
10.4%
4.8%
9.1%
8.8%


1.3% - 51.2%
0.6% - 28.2%
1.2% - 45.1%
1.7% - 35.6%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
13
22
11
46
D-38
Table D.9 Page 3 of 5

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Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reportinf
I by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Valves
Unavailable from
10.3%
7.2%
9.1%
9.3%

supplier(s)
1.7% - 43.2%
1.8% - 25.0%
1.2% - 45.1%
2.5% - 29.4%

Delayed / backordered
89.7%
92.8%
100.0%
91.1%

from supplier(s)
56.8% - 98.3%
75.0% - 98.2%
N/A - N/A
70.5% - 97.8%

Transportation /
10.3%
23.1%
36.4%
15.4%

distribution difficulties
1.7% - 43.2%
11.1% - 42.1%
14.0% - 66.8%
6.6% - 32.1%

Price
8.7%
0.0%
9.1%
6.2%


1.1% - 45.4%
N/A - N/A
1.2% - 45.1%
0.9% - 31.7%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
14
29
11
54
Fuel
Unavailable from
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Delayed / backordered
42.3%
42.9%
0.0%
39.7%

from supplier(s)
1.9% - 96.5%
12.1% - 80.3%
N/A - N/A
6.1% - 87.1%

Transportation /
42.3%
42.9%
66.7%
44.0%

distribution difficulties
1.9% - 96.5%
12.1% - 80.3%
8.1% - 97.9%
7.5% - 88.3%

Price
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
7.7%
0.0%
0.0%
4.7%


1.0% - 41.1%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.5% - 30.6%

Observations
4
7
3
14
D-39
Table D.9 Page 4 of 5

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Table D.9. Question Bl.3.2: What contributed to each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reportinf
I by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Vehicles
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
14.3%
1.6% - 62.4%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
4.6%
0.6% - 28.3%
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
92.3%
60.9% - 98.9%
71.4%
29.6% - 93.7%
50.0%
9.0% - 91.0%
82.0%
62.8% - 92.5%
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
0.0%
N/A - N/A
28.6%
6.3% - 70.4%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
9.2%
2.3% - 30.4%
Price
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
25.0%
2.3% - 82.8%
2.1%
0.3% - 14.2%
Observations
4
7
4
15
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-40
Table D.9 Page 5 of 5

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Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Filter media
Found alternative supplier
13.4%
66.7%
25.0%
28.1%


1.7% - 57.5%
10.6% - 97.1%
2.1% - 83.8%
11.7% - 53.7%

Drew down existing inventory
86.6%
33.3%
75.0%
71.9%


42.5% - 98.3%
2.9% - 89.4%
16.2% - 97.9%
46.3% - 88.3%

Switched chemicals,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

procedures, or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Sought help from other utilities
13.4%
0.0%
0.0%
8.1%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
1.7% - 57.5%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.9% - 45.6%

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
25.0%
3.7%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.1% - 83.8%
0.5% - 24.7%

Observations
3
3
4
10
Granular/
Found alternative supplier
0.0%
0.0%
51.5%
9.0%
Powdered

N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
12.5% - 88.8%
1.7% - 36.6%
Activated
Drew down existing inventory
88.2%
100.0%
67.7%
85.4%
Carbon (GAC/

60.1% - 97.4%
N/A - N/A
20.6% - 94.4%
63.6% - 95.1%
PAC)
Switched chemicals,
3.7%
0.0%
0.0%
2.8%

procedures, or technologies
0.5% - 24.3%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.3% - 20.4%

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
0.0%
32.3%
5.6%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
5.6% - 79.4%
1.5% - 19.1%

Observations
4
1
5
10
D-41	Table D.10 Page 1 of 5

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Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Membrane
Found alternative supplier
84.5%
0.0%
50.0%
56.5%
modules

38.7% - 97.9%
N/A - N/A
7.7% - 92.3%
46.3% - 66.1%

Drew down existing inventory
0.0%
33.3%
50.0%
17.0%


N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.4%
7.7% - 92.3%
4.2% - 48.6%

Switched chemicals,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

procedures, or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
33.3%
0.0%
8.9%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.4%
N/A - N/A
0.9% - 50.9%

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
0.0%
66.7%
25.0%
21.8%


N/A - N/A
8.6% - 97.7%
1.9% - 85.4%
6.5% - 52.8%

Observations
2
3
4
9
Pumps
Found alternative supplier
35.3%
11.0%
33.3%
27.8%


15.1% - 62.5%
4.1% - 26.0%
14.4% - 59.7%
14.4% - 46.9%

Drew down existing inventory
29.5%
35.7%
40.0%
32.0%


11.5% - 57.3%
21.9% - 52.3%
19.0% - 65.5%
18.2% - 49.9%

Switched chemicals,
8.3%
5.5%
0.0%
7.0%

procedures, or technologies
1.4% - 36.6%
1.4% - 19.6%
N/A - N/A
1.8% - 24.0%

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
18.6%
45.1%
46.7%
28.2%


6.0% - 44.8%
29.9% - 61.3%
23.8% - 71.0%
16.9% - 43.1%

Observations
20
37
15
72
D-42
Table D.10 Page 2 of 5

-------
Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Motors
Found alternative supplier
11.1%
24.1%
28.6%
16.5%


1.3% - 53.7%
11.1% - 44.7%
11.0% - 56.5%
6.4% - 36.4%

Drew down existing inventory
48.5%
38.0%
50.0%
45.4%


19.7% - 78.3%
21.3% - 58.1%
25.6% - 74.4%
25.9% - 66.4%

Switched chemicals,
2.0%
4.0%
0.0%
2.5%

procedures, or technologies
0.3% - 13.0%
0.5% - 24.3%
N/A - N/A
0.6% - 9.4%

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
25.2%
43.8%
50.0%
32.9%


6.7% - 61.1%
26.0% - 63.3%
25.6% - 74.4%
17.3% - 53.6%

Observations
14
26
14
54
Pipes
Found alternative supplier
33.0%
19.1%
27.3%
29.0%


10.9% - 66.6%
7.2% - 41.9%
8.8% - 59.4%
12.7% - 53.4%

Drew down existing inventory
53.8%
40.4%
36.4%
49.1%


23.9% - 81.2%
21.9% - 62.2%
14.0% - 66.8%
28.1% - 70.5%

Switched chemicals,
0.0%
0.0%
9.1%
0.6%

procedures, or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.2% - 45.1%
0.1% - 3.9%

Sought help from other utilities
1.9%
4.8%
0.0%
2.5%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
0.3% - 12.2%
0.6% - 28.2%
N/A - N/A
0.6% - 9.5%

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
23.5%
45.2%
45.5%
30.7%


6.3% - 58.4%
25.7% - 66.4%
19.8% - 73.8%
15.2% - 52.3%

Observations
13
22
11
46
D-43
Table D.10 Page 3 of 5

-------
Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Valves
Found alternative supplier
45.3%
25.1%
27.3%
38.4%


19.8% - 73.5%
12.3% - 44.4%
8.8% - 59.4%
21.0% - 59.5%

Drew down existing inventory
43.7%
37.5%
54.5%
42.4%


18.7% - 72.4%
21.7% - 56.5%
26.2% - 80.2%
24.3% - 62.9%

Switched chemicals,
0.0%
3.6%
0.0%
1.0%

procedures, or technologies
N/A - N/A
0.5% - 22.1%
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 7.1%

Sought help from other utilities
1.6%
0.0%
0.0%
1.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
0.2% - 10.4%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 7.1%

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
28.5%
42.7%
45.5%
33.6%


9.7% - 59.8%
26.0% - 61.3%
19.8% - 73.8%
18.1% - 53.6%

Observations
14
29
11
54
Fuel
Found alternative supplier
42.3%
28.6%
0.0%
35.0%


1.9% - 96.5%
5.9% - 71.8%
N/A - N/A
4.6% - 85.9%

Drew down existing inventory
0.0%
57.1%
33.3%
20.9%


N/A - N/A
19.7% - 87.9%
2.1% - 91.9%
9.1% - 41.2%

Switched chemicals,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

procedures, or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
7.7%
14.3%
66.7%
13.7%


1.0% - 41.1%
1.5% - 64.6%
8.1% - 97.9%
4.7% - 33.6%

Observations
4
7
3
14
D-44
Table D.10 Page 4 of 5

-------
Table D.10. Question Bl.3.3: How did you address each shortage or supply chain disruption? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Vehicles
Found alternative supplier
42.3%
0.0%
25.0%
27.2%


2.2% - 96.1%
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 82.8%
2.8% - 82.9%

Drew down existing inventory
7.7%
42.9%
0.0%
18.4%


1.1% - 39.1%
12.8% - 79.2%
N/A - N/A
7.8% - 37.3%

Switched chemicals,
0.0%
28.6%
0.0%
9.2%

procedures, or technologies
N/A - N/A
6.3% - 70.4%
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 30.4%

Sought help from other utilities
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or mutual aid network (e.g., WARN)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Coordinated with local or state
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

emergency management agency
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Other
42.3%
28.6%
50.0%
38.5%


2.2% - 96.1%
6.3% - 70.4%
9.0% - 91.0%
6.5% - 85.0%

Observations
4
7
4
15
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-45
Table D.10 Page 5 of 5

-------
Table D.ll. Question B2.1: What kinds of shortages or supply chain disruptions are you most concerned about from present day through
December 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Treatment Chemicals
11.1%
7.7% - 15.6%
15.8%
11.9% - 20.6%
20.1%
12.9% - 30.0%
12.1%
9.2% - 15.8%
PPE
23.5%
18.7% - 29.2%
40.5%
33.7% - 47.8%
43.6%
32.0% - 55.9%
26.9%
22.7% - 31.5%
Durable Goods and Other
Equipment and Supplies
16.3%
12.2% - 21.4%
22.0%
16.7% - 28.4%
21.8%
14.3% - 31.8%
17.4%
13.9% - 21.6%
None
67.1%
61.0% - 72.6%
45.2%
38.6% - 52.1%
44.3%
31.3% - 58.1%
62.9%
57.9% - 67.6%
Observations
271
239
93
603
D-46
Table D.11 Page 1 of 1

-------
Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain
disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Carbon
dioxide
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.009
-0.003 - 0.020
0.004
-0.003 - 0.011
0.034
-0.001 - 0.069
0.009
-0.001 - 0.018
None (0)
99.1%
96.7% - 99.8%
99.6%
97.5% - 99.9%
97.5%
93.4% - 99.1%
99.2%
97.4% - 99.7%
Slight (1)
0.9%
0.2% - 3.3%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.5%
1.7%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.8%
0.3% - 2.6%
Moderate (2)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.8%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.0%
0.0% - 0.2%
Severe(3)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
270
239
93
602
Ferric
chloride
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.019
0.002 - 0.036
0.054
0.015 - 0.093
0.181
0.074 - 0.287
0.030
0.015 - 0.046
None (0)
98.2%
95.5% - 99.3%
97.0%
94.3% - 98.4%
88.8%
81.5% - 93.5%
97.7%
95.8% - 98.7%
Slight (1)
1.7%
0.6% - 4.4%
1.4%
0.5% - 3.5%
5.9%
3.1% - 11.1%
1.8%
0.8% - 3.8%
Moderate (2)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.8%
0.2% - 2.9%
3.5%
1.2% - 10.3%
0.2%
0.1% - 0.6%
Severe(3)
0.1%
0.0% - 0.5%
0.8%
0.2% - 2.9%
1.7%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.2%
0.1% - 0.6%
Observations
270
239
93
602
D-47	Table D.12 Page 1 of 6

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Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain
disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Fluoride
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.017
0.004
0.034
0.016


-0.003 - 0.037
-0.003 - 0.011
-0.001 - 0.069
-0.001 - 0.032

None (0)
98.7%
99.6%
97.5%
98.8%


96.1% - 99.6%
97.5% - 99.9%
93.4% - 99.1%
96.9% - 99.6%

Slight (1)
0.9%
0.4%
1.7%
0.8%


0.2% - 3.3%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.3% - 2.6%

Moderate (2)
0.4%
0.0%
0.8%
0.4%


0.1% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 4.4%
0.1% - 2.2%

Severe(3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
270
239
93
602
Gaseous
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.030
0.086
0.072
0.041
chlorine

0.003 - 0.058
0.034 - 0.138
-0.030 - 0.175
0.017 - 0.064

None (0)
97.8%
95.4%
96.5%
97.4%


95.0% - 99.1%
92.3% - 97.3%
89.7% - 98.8%
95.3% - 98.6%

Slight (1)
1.3%
2.6%
1.7%
1.5%


0.4% - 3.9%
1.3% - 5.2%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.7% - 3.3%

Moderate (2)
0.9%
0.0%
0.0%
0.7%


0.2% - 3.3%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 2.7%

Severe(3)
0.0%
2.0%
1.8%
0.4%


N/A - N/A
0.9% - 4.5%
0.3% - 10.6%
0.2% - 0.8%

Observations
270
239
93
602
D-48
Table D.12 Page 2 of 6

-------
Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain
disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Liquid
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.009
0.004
0.051
0.009
oxygen

-0.003 - 0.020
-0.002 - 0.010
0.005 - 0.096
0.000 - 0.019

None (0)
99.1%
99.8%
96.6%
99.2%


96.7% - 99.8%
99.0% - 100.0%
92.2% - 98.6%
97.4% - 99.7%

Slight (1)
0.9%
0.0%
1.7%
0.7%


0.2% - 3.3%
N/A - N/A
0.5% - 5.5%
0.2% - 2.6%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
0.2%
1.7%
0.1%


N/A - N/A
0.0% - 1.0%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.0% - 0.2%

Severe(3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
270
239
93
602
Lime
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.013
0.004
0.034
0.012


-0.001 - 0.027
-0.003 - 0.011
-0.001 - 0.069
0.000 - 0.024

None (0)
98.7%
99.6%
97.5%
98.8%


96.1% - 99.6%
97.5% - 99.9%
93.4% - 99.1%
96.9% - 99.6%

Slight (1)
1.3%
0.4%
1.7%
1.2%


0.4% - 3.9%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.4% - 3.1%

Moderate (2)
0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 4.4%
0.0% - 0.2%

Severe(3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
270
239
93
602
D-49
Table D.12 Page 3 of 6

-------
Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain
disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Orthophosphate
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.010
-0.002 - 0.022
0.000
0.000 - 0.000
0.034
-0.001 - 0.069
0.009
0.000 - 0.019
None (0)
99.1%
96.7% - 99.7%
100.0%
N/A - N/A
97.5%
93.4% - 99.1%
99.2%
97.4% - 99.7%
Slight (1)
0.9%
0.2% - 3.3%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
1.7%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.7%
0.2% - 2.6%
Moderate (2)
0.1%
0.0% - 0.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.8%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.1%
0.0% - 0.4%
Severe(3)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
270
239
93
602
Polymers
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.059
0.024 - 0.094
0.154
0.089 - 0.219
0.366
0.196 - 0.537
0.084
0.054 - 0.115
None (0)
95.8%
92.5% - 97.7%
91.2%
87.3% - 94.0%
79.9%
70.0% - 87.1%
94.5%
92.1% - 96.3%
Slight (1)
2.6%
1.2% - 5.6%
4.6%
2.7% - 7.7%
9.6%
5.1% - 17.5%
3.2%
1.8% - 5.3%
Moderate (2)
1.5%
0.6% - 3.9%
1.8%
0.8% - 4.1%
4.4%
1.7% - 11.0%
1.7%
0.8% - 3.4%
Severe(3)
0.1%
0.0% - 0.5%
2.4%
1.1% - 5.0%
6.1%
2.8% - 12.7%
0.7%
0.4% - 1.1%
Observations
270
239
93
602
D-50
Table D.12 Page 4 of 6

-------
Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain
disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Potassium
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.023
0.016
0.034
0.022
permanganate

0.001 - 0.045
-0.007 - 0.039
-0.001 - 0.069
0.004 - 0.040

None (0)
98.2%
99.2%
97.5%
98.3%


95.5% - 99.3%
97.1% - 99.8%
93.4% - 99.1%
96.3% - 99.3%

Slight (1)
1.3%
0.4%
1.7%
1.2%


0.4% - 3.9%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.4% - 3.1%

Moderate (2)
0.5%
0.0%
0.8%
0.4%


0.1% - 2.6%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 4.4%
0.1% - 2.1%

Severe(3)
0.0%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%


N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.5%
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 0.4%

Observations
270
239
93
602
Sodium
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.014
0.050
0.098
0.023
hydroxide

0.000 - 0.029
0.016 - 0.084
0.015 - 0.181
0.010 - 0.036

None (0)
98.6%
97.2%
92.9%
98.2%


96.1% - 99.5%
94.7% - 98.6%
85.1% - 96.8%
96.5% - 99.1%

Slight (1)
1.3%
0.6%
4.4%
1.3%


0.4% - 3.9%
0.1% - 2.3%
1.7% - 11.0%
0.5% - 3.2%

Moderate (2)
0.1%
2.2%
2.7%
0.5%


0.0% - 0.5%
1.0% - 4.6%
0.7% - 9.9%
0.3% - 0.9%

Severe(3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
270
239
93
602
D-51
Table D.12 Page 5 of 6

-------
Table D.12. Question B2.1.1: How severe are your concerns about treatment chemical shortages or supply chain
disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Sodium
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.074
0.116
0.233
0.086
hypochlorite

0.034 - 0.114
0.064 - 0.167
0.110 - 0.357
0.052 - 0.120

None (0)
94.2%
92.4%
87.0%
93.7%


90.5% - 96.5%
88.7% - 95.0%
78.7% - 92.4%
90.8% - 95.7%

Slight (1)
4.7%
4.4%
5.2%
4.7%


2.6% - 8.3%
2.5% - 7.5%
2.2% - 11.8%
2.9% - 7.5%

Moderate (2)
0.6%
2.4%
5.2%
1.0%


0.1% - 2.5%
1.2% - 4.8%
2.2% - 11.8%
0.5% - 2.1%

Severe(3)
0.5%
0.8%
2.5%
0.6%


0.1% - 2.6%
0.2% - 2.9%
0.9% - 6.6%
0.2% - 1.9%

Observations
270
239
93
602
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-52
Table D.12 Page 6 of 6

-------
Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Carbon
Unavailable from
0.0%
0.0%
33.3%
3.4%
dioxide
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.4%
0.4% - 22.7%

Delayed / backordered
50.0%
100.0%
66.7%
55.5%

from supplier(s)
1.6% - 98.4%
N/A - N/A
8.6% - 97.7%
3.9% - 97.4%

Transportation /
0.0%
0.0%
33.3%
3.4%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.4%
0.4% - 22.7%

Price
50.0%
0.0%
33.3%
44.5%


1.6% - 98.4%
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.4%
2.6% - 96.1%

Other





Observations
2
1
3
6
Ferric
Unavailable from
0.0%
59.8%
15.2%
14.8%
chloride
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
23.4% - 87.9%
3.4% - 47.5%
7.5% - 27.2%

Delayed / backordered
71.7%
86.6%
53.1%
71.7%

from supplier(s)
18.5% - 96.6%
39.3% - 98.5%
24.6% - 79.7%
34.4% - 92.4%

Transportation /
0.0%
40.2%
30.3%
13.3%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
12.1% - 76.6%
10.7% - 61.2%
6.4% - 25.7%

Price
23.9%
0.0%
7.6%
16.3%


2.1% - 81.9%
N/A - N/A
0.9% - 42.1%
2.0% - 64.7%

Other


100.0%
100.0%




N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
5
8
12
25
D-53	Table D.13 Page 1 of 6

-------
Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Fluoride
Unavailable from
33.3%
100.0%
33.3%
36.9%

supplier(s)
2.4% - 91.1%
N/A - N/A
2.4% - 91.0%
4.5% - 87.9%

Delayed / backordered
33.3%
100.0%
33.3%
36.9%

from supplier(s)
2.4% - 91.1%
N/A - N/A
2.4% - 91.0%
4.5% - 87.9%

Transportation /
0.0%
100.0%
33.3%
7.8%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.4% - 91.0%
4.1% - 14.3%

Price
33.3%
0.0%
33.3%
31.6%


2.4% - 91.1%
N/A - N/A
2.4% - 91.0%
2.9% - 87.5%

Other





Observations
3
1
3
7
Gaseous
Unavailable from
19.7%
34.9%
76.1%
26.5%
chlorine
supplier(s)
2.0% - 74.5%
13.0% - 65.8%
18.5% - 97.8%
8.0% - 60.2%

Delayed / backordered
60.7%
78.5%
76.1%
66.4%

from supplier(s)
17.1% - 92.0%
46.9% - 93.8%
18.5% - 97.8%
30.9% - 89.7%

Transportation /
19.7%
47.6%
76.1%
30.1%

distribution difficulties
2.0% - 74.5%
21.3% - 75.3%
18.5% - 97.8%
10.2% - 61.9%

Price
19.7%
0.0%
23.9%
14.4%


2.0% - 74.5%
N/A - N/A
2.2% - 81.5%
1.9% - 59.1%

Other





Observations
6
12
3
21
D-54
Table D.13 Page 2 of 6

-------
Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Liquid
Unavailable from
0.0%
100.0%
25.0%
6.9%
oxygen
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.8% - 85.8%
1.7% - 24.6%

Delayed / backordered
50.0%
100.0%
50.0%
51.7%

from supplier(s)
1.1% - 98.9%
N/A - N/A
7.5% - 92.5%
2.4% - 97.9%

Transportation /
0.0%
0.0%
50.0%
6.9%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
7.5% - 92.5%
1.7% - 24.6%

Price
50.0%
0.0%
25.0%
44.8%


1.1% - 98.9%
N/A - N/A
1.8% - 85.8%
1.8% - 97.3%

Other





Observations
2
1
4
7
Lime
Unavailable from
33.3%
100.0%
33.3%
36.9%

supplier(s)
2.3% - 91.3%
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.2%
4.4% - 88.2%

Delayed / backordered
33.3%
100.0%
66.7%
39.3%

from supplier(s)
2.3% - 91.3%
N/A - N/A
8.8% - 97.7%
5.1% - 88.6%

Transportation /
0.0%
100.0%
33.3%
7.8%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.2%
4.1% - 14.4%

Price
33.3%
0.0%
33.3%
31.6%


2.3% - 91.3%
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.2%
2.9% - 87.8%

Other





Observations
3
1
3
7
D-55
Table D.13 Page 3 of 6

-------
Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Orthophosphate
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
0.0%
N/A - N/A

33.3%
2.4% - 91.1%
3.4%
0.4% - 22.2%
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
45.8%
2.0% - 97.2%

66.7%
8.9% - 97.6%
48.0%
3.2% - 96.3%
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
0.0%
N/A - N/A

33.3%
2.4% - 91.1%
3.4%
0.4% - 22.2%
Price
45.8%
2.0% - 97.2%

33.3%
2.4% - 91.1%
44.5%
2.7% - 95.9%
Other




Observations
3

3
6
Polymers
Unavailable from
supplier(s)
42.6%
16.6% - 73.4%
34.0%
17.5% - 55.7%
31.0%
13.1% - 57.4%
39.0%
21.1% - 60.5%
Delayed / backordered
from supplier(s)
47.2%
19.7% - 76.5%
77.2%
55.1% - 90.3%
73.9%
48.2% - 89.6%
58.2%
37.4% - 76.4%
Transportation /
distribution difficulties
12.1%
1.9% - 48.6%
52.3%
32.0% - 71.9%
44.5%
23.3% - 67.9%
26.3%
14.7% - 42.6%
Price
20.4%
4.7% - 57.1%
4.6%
0.6% - 27.1%
17.6%
5.3% - 45.2%
16.0%
5.1% - 40.2%
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A
31.4%
2.8% - 87.8%
Observations
14
23
19
56
D-56
Table D.13 Page 4 of 6

-------
Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Potassium
Unavailable from
0.0%
0.0%
33.3%
1.7%
permanganate
supplier(s)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.4%
0.2% - 12.4%

Delayed / backordered
71.7%
100.0%
66.7%
73.6%

from supplier(s)
18.2% - 96.6%
N/A - N/A
8.6% - 97.7%
23.0% - 96.3%

Transportation /
0.0%
50.0%
33.3%
5.6%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
2.8% - 97.2%
2.3% - 91.4%
1.1% - 23.1%

Price
23.9%
0.0%
33.3%
22.6%


2.1% - 82.2%
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.4%
2.5% - 77.1%

Other
100.0%
N/A - N/A


100.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
5
2
3
10
Sodium
Unavailable from
31.4%
50.0%
64.2%
40.4%
hydroxide
supplier(s)
2.3% - 89.7%
17.2% - 82.8%
27.4% - 89.4%
11.0% - 78.8%

Delayed / backordered
62.8%
64.5%
88.1%
66.7%

from supplier(s)
9.9% - 96.3%
26.3% - 90.2%
41.8% - 98.7%
24.1% - 92.6%

Transportation /
31.4%
57.8%
38.1%
38.8%

distribution difficulties
2.3% - 89.7%
23.0% - 86.3%
7.9% - 81.5%
10.2% - 78.0%

Price
31.4%
14.5%
38.1%
28.2%


2.3% - 89.7%
1.7% - 62.6%
7.9% - 81.5%
5.0% - 74.3%

Other
100.0%
N/A - N/A


100.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
4
8
6
18
D-57
Table D.13 Page 5 of 6

-------
Table D.13. Question B2.1.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Sodium
Unavailable from
38.3%
39.4%
27.2%
37.7%
hypochlorite
supplier(s)
16.7% - 65.8%
20.4% - 62.3%
8.4% - 60.3%
20.3% - 59.0%

Delayed / backordered
67.8%
78.9%
67.5%
69.9%

from supplier(s)
39.7% - 87.1%
54.7% - 92.0%
39.7% - 86.7%
48.2% - 85.2%

Transportation /
14.8%
39.4%
46.7%
21.7%

distribution difficulties
3.5% - 45.4%
20.4% - 62.3%
21.0% - 74.3%
10.0% - 40.7%

Price
14.8%
0.0%
27.2%
12.8%


3.5% - 45.4%
N/A - N/A
8.4% - 60.3%
3.8% - 35.6%

Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A
31.4%
2.8% - 87.9%

Observations
16
20
13
49
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-58
Table D.13 Page 6 of 6

-------
Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply
chain disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Carbon
Seek alternative supplier
50.0%
0.0%
66.7%
48.0%
dioxide

1.6% - 98.4%
N/A - N/A
8.6% - 97.7%
3.1% - 96.4%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
0.0%
100.0%
66.7%
14.4%

larger than typical inventory
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
8.6% - 97.7%
8.7% - 22.9%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
50.0%
0.0%
0.0%
41.1%

utilities or mutual aid network
1.6% - 98.4%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.1% - 95.7%

Other





Observations
2
1
3
6
Ferric
Seek alternative supplier
47.8%
40.2%
37.9%
44.6%
chloride

8.8% - 89.7%
12.1% - 76.6%
15.1% - 67.7%
15.5% - 77.9%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
23.9%
46.4%
54.5%
33.6%

larger than typical inventory
2.1% - 81.9%
15.6% - 80.1%
26.1% - 80.2%
10.7% - 68.1%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
15.2%
2.5%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
3.4% - 47.5%
0.6% - 9.3%

Make arrangements with neighboring
23.9%
0.0%
7.6%
16.3%

utilities or mutual aid network
2.1% - 81.9%
N/A - N/A
0.9% - 42.1%
2.0% - 64.7%

Other


100.0%
100.0%




N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
5
8
12
25
D-59	Table D.14 Page 1 of 6

-------
Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply
chain disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Fluoride
Seek alternative supplier
33.3%
0.0%
66.7%
34.0%


2.4% - 91.1%
N/A - N/A
9.0% - 97.6%
3.6% - 87.6%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
33.3%
0.0%
66.7%
34.0%

larger than typical inventory
2.4% - 91.1%
N/A - N/A
9.0% - 97.6%
3.6% - 87.6%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
33.3%
0.0%
0.0%
29.1%

utilities or mutual aid network
2.4% - 91.1%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.4% - 87.5%

Other





Observations
3
1
3
7
Gaseous
Seek alternative supplier
60.7%
52.4%
23.9%
56.6%
chlorine

17.1% - 92.0%
24.7% - 78.7%
2.2% - 81.5%
24.9% - 83.7%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
19.7%
56.4%
76.1%
32.5%

larger than typical inventory
2.0% - 74.5%
27.5% - 81.4%
18.5% - 97.8%
11.9% - 63.2%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
8.7%
0.0%
2.4%

technologies
N/A - N/A
1.1% - 45.5%
N/A - N/A
0.3% - 16.0%

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
39.3%
0.0%
0.0%
26.6%

utilities or mutual aid network
8.0% - 82.9%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
6.4% - 65.5%

Other

100.0%

100.0%



N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A

Observations
6
12
3
21
D-60
Table D.14 Page 2 of 6

-------
Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply
chain disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Liquid
Seek alternative supplier
50.0%
0.0%
50.0%
48.3%
oxygen

1.1% - 98.9%
N/A - N/A
7.5% - 92.5%
2.1% - 97.6%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
0.0%
100.0%
50.0%
10.4%

larger than typical inventory
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
7.5% - 92.5%
4.0% - 24.4%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
50.0%
0.0%
0.0%
41.3%

utilities or mutual aid network
1.1% - 98.9%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.5% - 97.1%

Other


100.0%
100.0%




N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
2
1
4
7
Lime
Seek alternative supplier
33.3%
0.0%
33.3%
31.6%


2.3% - 91.3%
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 91.2%
2.9% - 87.8%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
66.7%
0.0%
66.7%
63.1%

larger than typical inventory
8.7% - 97.7%
N/A - N/A
8.8% - 97.7%
11.8% - 95.6%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
33.3%
0.0%
0.0%
29.1%

utilities or mutual aid network
2.3% - 91.3%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.3% - 87.8%

Other





Observations
3
1
3
7
D-61
Table D.14 Page 3 of 6

-------
Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply
chain disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Orthophos-
Seek alternative supplier
45.8%

66.7%
48.0%
phate

2.0% - 97.2%

8.9% - 97.6%
3.2% - 96.3%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
0.0%

66.7%
6.9%

larger than typical inventory
N/A - N/A

8.9% - 97.6%
2.5% - 17.9%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%

0.0%
0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A

N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
45.8%

0.0%
41.1%

utilities or mutual aid network
2.0% - 97.2%

N/A - N/A
2.2% - 95.5%

Other





Observations
3

3
6
Polymers
Seek alternative supplier
43.5%
31.9%
29.5%
38.8%


17.2% - 74.0%
15.9% - 53.9%
14.2% - 51.3%
20.9% - 60.2%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
54.7%
68.1%
87.4%
62.2%

larger than typical inventory
24.8% - 81.5%
46.1% - 84.1%
66.6% - 96.0%
40.5% - 79.9%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
4.2%
0.5%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.6% - 25.2%
0.1% - 3.6%

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
10.2%
4.6%
9.2%
8.6%

utilities or mutual aid network
1.2% - 50.8%
0.6% - 27.1%
1.3% - 43.4%
1.8% - 32.7%

Other
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
57.8%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
14.9% - 91.5%

Observations
14
23
19
56
D-62
Table D.14 Page 4 of 6

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Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply
chain disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Potassium
Seek alternative supplier
47.8%
50.0%
66.7%
49.0%
perman-

8.7% - 89.9%
2.8% - 97.2%
8.6% - 97.7%
11.5% - 87.6%
ganate
Increase purchasing / maintain a
47.8%
50.0%
66.7%
49.0%

larger than typical inventory
8.7% - 89.9%
2.8% - 97.2%
8.6% - 97.7%
11.5% - 87.6%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
23.9%
50.0%
0.0%
24.6%

utilities or mutual aid network
2.1% - 82.2%
2.8% - 97.2%
N/A - N/A
3.1% - 77.1%

Other
100.0%
N/A - N/A


100.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
5
2
3
10
Sodium
Seek alternative supplier
62.8%
43.4%
35.8%
54.4%
hydroxide

9.9% - 96.3%
13.7% - 78.7%
10.6% - 72.6%
18.7% - 86.1%

Increase purchasing / maintain a
62.8%
50.0%
88.1%
63.1%

larger than typical inventory
9.9% - 96.3%
17.2% - 82.8%
41.8% - 98.7%
22.7% - 90.9%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
31.4%
0.0%
26.1%
23.0%

utilities or mutual aid network
2.3% - 89.7%
N/A - N/A
3.6% - 77.1%
3.0% - 73.9%

Other
100.0%
N/A - N/A
100.0%
N/A - N/A

100.0%
N/A - N/A

Observations
4
8
6
18
D-63
Table D.14 Page 5 of 6

-------
Table D.14. Question B2.1.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply
chain disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Sodium
Seek alternative supplier
29.5%
37.0%
46.7%
32.2%
hypochlo-

11.0% - 58.6%
18.5% - 60.3%
21.0% - 74.3%
16.3% - 53.5%
rite
Increase purchasing / maintain a
76.5%
63.0%
53.3%
72.3%

larger than typical inventory
47.3% - 92.2%
39.7% - 81.5%
25.7% - 79.0%
51.8% - 86.4%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
22.1%
0.0%
20.7%
17.9%

utilities or mutual aid network
6.9% - 52.0%
N/A - N/A
5.0% - 56.6%
6.3% - 41.3%

Other
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
57.8%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
14.8% - 91.6%

Observations
16
20
13
49
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-64
Table D.14 Page 6 of 6

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Table D.15. Question B2.2.1: How severe are your concerns about personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
N95 masks
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.188
0.413
0.427
0.232
and/or

0.123 - 0.254
0.324 - 0.503
0.264 - 0.591
0.177 - 0.287
elastomeric
None (0)
86.3%
68.3%
73.0%
83.0%
respirators

81.5% - 90.1%
60.7% - 74.9%
62.2% - 81.6%
79.0% - 86.4%

Slight (1)
9.8%
24.2%
12.2%
12.2%


6.7% - 14.2%
17.8% - 32.0%
7.0% - 20.3%
9.3% - 15.8%

Moderate (2)
2.5%
5.6%
14.0%
3.3%


1.1% - 5.2%
3.5% - 8.9%
8.2% - 22.9%
2.1% - 5.3%

Severe(3)
1.4%
2.0%
0.8%
1.4%


0.5% - 3.9%
0.9% - 4.5%
0.2% - 4.4%
0.6% - 3.3%

Observations
270
239
93
602
Alternative
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.160
0.341
0.356
0.195
mask

0.104 - 0.216
0.261 - 0.422
0.225 - 0.488
0.148 - 0.242
options
None (0)
87.8%
70.7%
72.1%
84.6%
(surgical,

83.2% - 91.3%
63.1% - 77.3%
61.3% - 80.9%
80.8% - 87.8%
cloth, etc.)
Slight (1)
9.0%
25.4%
20.1%
12.0%


6.0% - 13.2%
18.9% - 33.1%
12.9% - 30.0%
9.1% - 15.5%

Moderate (2)
2.6%
3.2%
7.8%
2.9%


1.3% - 5.3%
1.7% - 5.9%
4.0% - 14.6%
1.7% - 4.9%

Severe(3)
0.6%
0.8%
0.0%
0.6%


0.1% - 2.5%
0.2% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 1.9%

Observations
270
239
93
602
D-65	Table D.15 Page 1 of 3

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Table D.15. Question B2.2.1: How severe are your concerns about personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Face shield
and/or
protective
eye wear
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.147
0.093 - 0.201
0.244
0.172 - 0.316
0.296
0.175 - 0.416
0.167
0.122 - 0.212
None (0)
88.6%
84.1% - 92.0%
78.6%
71.4% - 84.4%
76.5%
66.3% - 84.4%
86.6%
82.9% - 89.7%
Slight (1)
8.1%
5.2% - 12.2%
18.8%
13.2% - 26.0%
17.4%
10.9% - 26.6%
10.1%
7.5% - 13.4%
Moderate (2)
3.3%
1.7% - 6.3%
2.2%
1.0% - 4.6%
6.1%
2.8% - 12.7%
3.2%
1.8% - 5.6%
Severe(3)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.4%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.1%
0.0% - 0.4%
Observations
270
239
93
602
Nitrile
and/or latex
gloves
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.291
0.211 - 0.371
0.487
0.379 - 0.596
0.525
0.343 - 0.707
0.330
0.262 - 0.397
None (0)
80.4%
75.0% - 84.9%
64.5%
57.1% - 71.2%
66.7%
55.2% - 76.6%
77.4%
73.0% - 81.3%
Slight (1)
11.8%
8.3% - 16.4%
23.5%
17.6% - 30.7%
15.7%
9.5% - 24.8%
13.7%
10.7% - 17.5%
Moderate (2)
6.3%
3.8% - 10.1%
10.8%
6.7% - 17.0%
15.9%
9.5% - 25.4%
7.3%
5.1% - 10.4%
Severe(3)
1.6%
0.6% - 3.9%
1.2%
0.4% - 3.4%
1.7%
0.5% - 5.5%
1.5%
0.7% - 3.3%
Observations
270
239
93
602
D-66	Table D.15 Page 2 of 3

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Table D.15. Question B2.2.1: How severe are your concerns about personal protective equipment shortages or supply chain disruptions?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Tyvek suite
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.119
0.184
0.233
0.134
and/or

0.067 - 0.172
0.121 - 0.247
0.123 - 0.343
0.090 - 0.177
disposable
None (0)
91.0%
85.0%
82.8%
89.8%
coveralls

86.8% - 94.0%
78.8% - 89.6%
73.9% - 89.0%
86.4% - 92.4%

Slight (1)
7.0%
11.6%
11.2%
7.9%


4.4% - 11.0%
7.4% - 17.8%
6.5% - 18.5%
5.6% - 11.1%

Moderate (2)
0.9%
3.4%
6.1%
1.5%


0.3% - 3.3%
1.8% - 6.2%
2.8% - 12.7%
0.8% - 2.9%

Severe(3)
1.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.8%


0.3% - 3.2%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.3% - 2.6%

Observations
270
239
93
602
Sanitizing
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.256
0.481
0.503
0.300
wipes,

0.183 - 0.329
0.388 - 0.575
0.335 - 0.672
0.239 - 0.361
sprays for
None (0)
81.3%
64.5%
66.1%
78.1%
cleaning

76.0% - 85.7%
57.1% - 71.2%
54.5% - 75.9%
73.7% - 82.0%
work
Slight (1)
12.8%
25.4%
19.2%
15.0%
offices, or

9.2% - 17.5%
18.9% - 33.1%
12.2% - 29.0%
11.7% - 18.9%
gels for
Moderate (2)
4.9%
7.8%
13.0%
5.6%
hand

2.8% - 8.4%
5.2% - 11.5%
7.6% - 21.3%
3.8% - 8.3%
sanitizing
Severe(3)
1.0%
2.4%
1.7%
1.3%


0.3% - 3.2%
1.1% - 5.0%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.6% - 2.8%

Observations
270
239
93
602
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-67	Table D.15 Page 3 of 3

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Table D.16. Question B2.2.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
N95 masks
Unavailable from
55.6%
40.9%
42.5%
50.5%
and/or
supplier(s)
38.5% - 71.4%
28.5% - 54.6%
24.4% - 62.8%
38.6% - 62.4%
elastomeric
Delayed / backordered
57.3%
67.8%
76.9%
61.5%
respirators
from supplier(s)
40.1% - 72.9%
54.9% - 78.5%
54.5% - 90.3%
49.2% - 72.4%

Transportation /
3.7%
5.1%
16.2%
4.8%

distribution difficulties
0.7% - 18.1%
1.9% - 12.8%
5.9% - 37.5%
1.9% - 11.6%

Price
17.4%
7.6%
26.2%
15.0%


7.9% - 34.0%
3.4% - 16.1%
12.0% - 48.2%
8.2% - 25.8%

Other
3.1%
1.3%
0.0%
2.4%


0.4% - 19.7%
0.2% - 8.4%
N/A - N/A
0.4% - 12.2%

Observations
41
69
26
136
Alternative
Unavailable from
33.5%
21.8%
21.8%
29.3%
mask
supplier(s)
19.0% - 52.1%
13.1% - 33.8%
9.7% - 42.0%
19.1% - 42.0%
options
Delayed / backordered
71.9%
81.6%
77.6%
75.2%
(surgical,
from supplier(s)
53.6% - 85.0%
70.1% - 89.3%
55.6% - 90.6%
62.9% - 84.4%
cloth, etc.)
Transportation /
4.2%
5.5%
16.3%
5.3%

distribution difficulties
0.7% - 20.1%
2.0% - 13.9%
5.4% - 39.8%
2.1% - 12.8%

Price
18.9%
9.6%
18.8%
16.1%


8.4% - 37.0%
4.5% - 19.2%
7.7% - 39.2%
8.7% - 27.8%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
3.0%
0.2%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.4% - 18.1%
0.0% - 1.2%

Observations
40
63
27
130
D-68	Table D.16 Page 1 of 3

-------
Table D.16. Question B2.2.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Face shield
Unavailable from
24.0%
38.4%
18.7%
27.3%
and/or
supplier(s)
11.5% - 43.4%
22.0% - 57.9%
6.8% - 42.1%
16.8% - 41.1%
protective
Delayed / backordered
78.1%
57.9%
58.3%
71.8%
eye wear
from supplier(s)
59.4% - 89.7%
38.9% - 74.8%
36.6% - 77.2%
58.8% - 82.0%

Transportation /
4.5%
9.4%
11.5%
6.1%

distribution difficulties
0.8% - 21.4%
3.8% - 21.3%
2.7% - 37.5%
2.4% - 14.7%

Price
5.1%
11.3%
18.7%
7.5%


1.1% - 20.5%
4.9% - 23.6%
6.8% - 42.1%
3.4% - 15.6%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
34
46
23
103
Nitrile
Unavailable from
51.4%
42.7%
42.1%
48.8%
and/or latex
supplier(s)
37.4% - 65.2%
29.9% - 56.6%
25.6% - 60.7%
38.3% - 59.3%
gloves
Delayed / backordered
76.4%
71.4%
84.3%
75.5%

from supplier(s)
62.4% - 86.3%
56.9% - 82.4%
66.2% - 93.6%
65.4% - 83.5%

Transportation /
2.6%
7.9%
21.8%
4.9%

distribution difficulties
0.5% - 13.0%
3.8% - 15.8%
9.5% - 42.5%
2.4% - 9.7%

Price
9.5%
17.4%
34.5%
12.8%


3.9% - 21.6%
10.6% - 27.4%
19.3% - 53.7%
7.7% - 20.3%

Other
2.2%
2.3%
0.0%
2.1%


0.3% - 14.2%
0.6% - 8.5%
N/A - N/A
0.5% - 8.8%

Observations
59
79
31
169
D-69
Table D.16 Page 2 of 3

-------
Table D.16. Question B2.2.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Tyvek suite
Unavailable from
40.7%
44.0%
30.4%
40.9%
and/or
supplier(s)
22.2% - 62.3%
24.8% - 65.3%
12.7% - 56.7%
26.3% - 57.2%
disposable
Delayed / backordered
74.0%
56.0%
64.7%
69.3%
coveralls
from supplier(s)
51.9% - 88.3%
34.7% - 75.2%
39.3% - 83.9%
53.2% - 81.8%

Transportation /
0.0%
5.4%
20.5%
2.4%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
1.3% - 19.6%
6.5% - 49.2%
1.0% - 5.9%

Price
7.4%
13.4%
20.5%
9.5%


1.9% - 24.9%
5.4% - 29.4%
6.5% - 49.2%
4.3% - 20.0%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
4.9%
0.3%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.7% - 28.2%
0.0% - 1.9%

Observations
26
34
18
78
Sanitizing
Unavailable from
47.7%
50.6%
43.3%
48.2%
wipes,
supplier(s)
33.7% - 62.1%
36.9% - 64.2%
27.3% - 60.9%
37.7% - 58.9%
sprays for
Delayed / backordered
63.8%
65.1%
87.1%
65.3%
cleaning
from supplier(s)
48.9% - 76.4%
51.0% - 77.0%
69.2% - 95.3%
54.4% - 74.8%
work
Transportation /
2.7%
4.5%
15.9%
3.9%
offices, or
distribution difficulties
0.5% - 13.6%
1.7% - 11.5%
6.0% - 35.8%
1.6% - 9.2%
gels for
Price
19.2%
10.2%
31.3%
17.5%
hand

10.1% - 33.4%
5.3% - 18.7%
17.0% - 50.3%
10.7% - 27.3%
sanitizing
Other
2.3%
0.0%
0.0%
1.6%


0.3% - 14.8%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 10.5%

Observations
56
79
33
168
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-70
Table D.16 Page 3 of 3

-------
Table D.17. Question B2.2.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain
disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
N95 masks
Seek alternative supplier
56.1%
53.4%
48.1%
54.9%
and/or

39.0% - 71.9%
38.2% - 68.1%
29.3% - 67.6%
42.8% - 66.5%
elastomeric
Increase purchasing / maintain a
53.6%
71.0%
64.4%
59.3%
respirators
larger than typical inventory
36.7% - 69.7%
58.5% - 81.0%
43.5% - 80.9%
47.1% - 70.5%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.6%
5.1%
6.3%
2.2%

technologies
0.1% - 3.8%
1.9% - 12.8%
1.6% - 21.6%
1.1% - 4.6%

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
19.4%
5.6%
13.1%
15.0%

utilities or mutual aid network
9.1% - 36.7%
2.3% - 13.3%
4.0% - 35.1%
7.9% - 26.6%

Other
3.1%
5.6%
0.0%
3.7%


0.4% - 19.7%
2.3% - 13.3%
N/A - N/A
1.2% - 11.2%

Observations
41
69
26
136
Alternative
Seek alternative supplier
43.1%
51.7%
69.1%
47.3%
mask

26.8% - 61.1%
35.8% - 67.3%
49.3% - 83.7%
35.4% - 59.6%
options
Increase purchasing / maintain a
61.4%
76.1%
84.3%
67.2%
(surgical,
larger than typical inventory
43.1% - 76.9%
63.7% - 85.3%
63.5% - 94.3%
54.4% - 77.9%
cloth, etc.)
Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
2.7%
3.0%
1.0%

technologies
N/A - N/A
0.7% - 10.3%
0.4% - 18.1%
0.3% - 3.2%

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
14.1%
6.1%
22.4%
12.2%

utilities or mutual aid network
5.3% - 32.3%
2.4% - 14.4%
9.4% - 44.4%
5.9% - 23.6%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
40
63
27
130
D-71
Table D.17 Page 1 of 3

-------
Table D.17. Question B2.2.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain
disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Face shield
Seek alternative supplier
56.2%
39.2%
43.9%
51.2%
and/or

37.4% - 73.4%
24.7% - 56.0%
25.0% - 64.8%
37.5% - 64.7%
protective
Increase purchasing / maintain a
47.3%
69.1%
59.0%
53.5%
eye wear
larger than typical inventory
29.5% - 65.7%
53.2% - 81.5%
37.1% - 77.8%
39.7% - 66.8%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
5.6%
3.6%
1.6%

technologies
N/A - N/A
1.8% - 16.4%
0.5% - 21.5%
0.6% - 4.3%

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
11.3%
5.6%
11.5%
9.9%

utilities or mutual aid network
3.6% - 30.2%
1.8% - 16.4%
2.7% - 37.5%
4.0% - 22.5%

Other
0.0%
3.8%
0.0%
0.9%


N/A - N/A
0.9% - 14.1%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 3.6%

Observations
34
46
23
103
Nitrile
Seek alternative supplier
54.9%
53.4%
63.0%
55.0%
and/or latex

40.8% - 68.4%
39.4% - 66.8%
43.9% - 78.7%
44.3% - 65.2%
gloves
Increase purchasing / maintain a
68.1%
78.0%
89.8%
71.6%

larger than typical inventory
53.6% - 79.8%
63.0% - 88.1%
76.1% - 96.1%
60.8% - 80.4%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
10.7%
10.7%
3.2%

technologies
N/A - N/A
3.4% - 29.2%
3.3% - 29.5%
1.1% - 8.6%

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
15.3%
6.2%
13.2%
12.9%

utilities or mutual aid network
7.4% - 28.8%
2.7% - 13.4%
4.8% - 31.5%
7.1% - 22.4%

Other
0.0%
2.3%
0.0%
0.6%


N/A - N/A
0.6% - 8.5%
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.1%

Observations
59
79
31
169
D-72
Table D.17 Page 2 of 3

-------
Table D.17. Question B2.2.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain
disruptions? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Tyvek suite
Seek alternative supplier
58.9%
64.0%
54.9%
59.8%
and/or

37.4% - 77.4%
44.9% - 79.5%
31.2% - 76.5%
43.7% - 74.1%
disposable
Increase purchasing / maintain a
41.6%
47.9%
74.5%
45.0%
coveralls
larger than typical inventory
23.0% - 63.0%
29.0% - 67.4%
47.2% - 90.5%
30.2% - 60.6%

Switch chemicals, procedures, or
0.0%
2.7%
4.9%
0.9%

technologies
N/A - N/A
0.4% - 17.2%
0.7% - 28.2%
0.2% - 3.9%

Make arrangements w/ neighboring
19.0%
5.4%
15.6%
15.7%

utilities or mutual aid network
7.2% - 41.8%
1.3% - 19.6%
3.8% - 46.5%
6.8% - 32.3%

Other
4.8%
2.7%
4.9%
4.3%


0.6% - 28.3%
0.4% - 17.2%
0.7% - 28.2%
0.8% - 19.0%

Observations
26
34
18
78
Sanitizing
Seek alternative supplier
57.3%
50.5%
66.7%
56.0%
wipes,

42.6% - 70.7%
36.9% - 64.1%
48.5% - 81.0%
45.3% - 66.3%
sprays for
Increase purchasing / maintain a
70.2%
80.3%
92.5%
74.0%
cleaning
larger than typical inventory
55.5% - 81.7%
70.0% - 87.7%
79.7% - 97.5%
63.4% - 82.4%
work
Switch chemicals, procedures, or
3.1%
6.2%
23.8%
5.0%
offices, or
technologies
0.7% - 12.9%
2.7% - 13.4%
11.2% - 43.6%
2.4% - 10.0%
gels for
Make arrangements w/ neighboring
18.3%
5.0%
17.9%
14.9%
hand
utilities or mutual aid network
9.4% - 32.7%
2.0% - 11.9%
8.0% - 35.4%
8.4% - 25.0%

Other
2.3%
2.3%
2.5%
2.3%


0.3% - 14.8%
0.6% - 8.5%
0.4% - 14.9%
0.6% - 8.9%

Observations
56
79
33
168
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-73
Table D.17 Page 3 of 3

-------
Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical
equipment and supplies, etc.?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Filter media
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.025
0.040
0.082
0.029


0.002 - 0.047
-0.004 - 0.083
0.000 - 0.163
0.010 - 0.048

None (0)
98.1%
96.0%
94.6%
97.6%


95.5% - 99.2%
88.5% - 98.7%
86.5% - 97.9%
95.5% - 98.7%

Slight (1)
1.4%
4.0%
2.7%
1.9%


0.5% - 3.9%
1.3% - 11.5%
0.7% - 10.0%
0.9% - 3.9%

Moderate (2)
0.5%
0.0%
2.7%
0.5%


0.1% - 2.6%
N/A - N/A
0.7% - 10.0%
0.1% - 2.0%

Severe (3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
269
239
92
600
Granular/
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.035
0.030
0.109
0.037
Powdered

0.002 - 0.068
-0.013 - 0.072
-0.003 - 0.220
0.009 - 0.065
Activated
None (0)
97.8%
97.0%
93.7%
97.5%
Carbon (GAC/

95.0% - 99.0%
88.2% - 99.3%
85.8% - 97.3%
95.2% - 98.7%
PAC)
Slight (1)
1.4%
3.0%
3.6%
1.7%


0.5% - 3.9%
0.7% - 11.8%
1.2% - 10.4%
0.8% - 3.7%

Moderate (2)
0.4%
0.0%
0.9%
0.4%


0.1% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 4.5%
0.1% - 2.2%

Severe (3)
0.4%
0.0%
1.9%
0.4%


0.1% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
0.3% - 10.7%
0.1% - 2.1%

Observations
269
239
92
600
D-74
Table D.18 Page 1 of 5

-------
Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical
equipment and supplies, etc.?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply
Chain Issue
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Membrane
modules
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.022
0.000 - 0.044
0.034
-0.009 - 0.077
0.017
-0.003 - 0.037
0.024
0.005 - 0.043
None (0)
98.2%
95.5% - 99.3%
96.6%
88.5% - 99.1%
98.3%
94.5% - 99.5%
98.0%
95.8% - 99.0%
Slight (1)
1.4%
0.5% - 3.9%
3.4%
0.9% - 11.5%
1.7%
0.5% - 5.5%
1.7%
0.8% - 3.7%
Moderate (2)
0.4%
0.1% - 2.9%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.3%
0.0% - 2.4%
Severe (3)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
Observations
269
239
92
600
Pumps
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.171
0.104 - 0.239
0.210
0.141 - 0.279
0.283
0.139 - 0.426
0.181
0.125 - 0.237
None (0)
89.1%
84.6% - 92.4%
84.0%
77.8% - 88.7%
83.3%
74.1% - 89.7%
88.1%
84.5% - 91.0%
Slight (1)
5.9%
3.6% - 9.6%
11.4%
7.2% - 17.5%
6.0%
3.1% - 11.2%
6.8%
4.6% - 9.7%
Moderate (2)
3.7%
2.0% - 6.9%
4.2%
2.4% - 7.2%
9.9%
5.0% - 18.6%
4.0%
2.4% - 6.4%
Severe (3)
1.3%
0.4% - 3.9%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.9%
0.2% - 4.5%
1.1%
0.4% - 3.1%
Observations
269
239
92
600
D-75
Table D.18 Page 2 of 5

-------
Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical
equipment and supplies, etc.?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Motors
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.139
0.194
0.300
0.153


0.079 - 0.200
0.127 - 0.261
0.150 - 0.449
0.103 - 0.204

None (0)
90.9%
85.0%
83.3%
89.7%


86.7% - 93.9%
78.8% - 89.6%
74.1% - 89.7%
86.3% - 92.4%

Slight (1)
5.1%
11.0%
5.1%
6.0%


2.9% - 8.6%
6.9% - 17.1%
2.5% - 10.1%
4.0% - 8.8%

Moderate (2)
3.2%
3.6%
9.9%
3.5%


1.6% - 6.2%
2.0% - 6.5%
5.0% - 18.6%
2.0% - 5.8%

Severe (3)
0.9%
0.4%
1.7%
0.8%


0.2% - 3.3%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.5% - 5.5%
0.3% - 2.6%

Observations
269
239
92
600
Pipes
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.112
0.138
0.179
0.118


0.062 - 0.162
0.080 - 0.195
0.064 - 0.293
0.077 - 0.160

None (0)
91.4%
88.2%
88.4%
90.8%


87.2% - 94.3%
82.1% - 92.4%
79.6% - 93.7%
87.4% - 93.4%

Slight (1)
6.3%
9.8%
5.3%
6.9%


3.9% - 10.1%
5.8% - 15.9%
2.2% - 11.9%
4.7% - 9.9%

Moderate (2)
1.8%
2.0%
6.3%
2.0%


0.7% - 4.5%
0.9% - 4.5%
2.7% - 14.2%
1.0% - 3.9%

Severe (3)
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%


0.1% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 2.4%

Observations
269
239
92
600
D-76
Table D.18 Page 3 of 5

-------
Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical
equipment and supplies, etc.?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Valves
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.121
0.186
0.238
0.135


0.069 - 0.172
0.121 - 0.251
0.114 - 0.363
0.092 - 0.178

None (0)
91.0%
85.0%
84.2%
89.8%


86.7% - 94.0%
78.8% - 89.6%
75.0% - 90.4%
86.4% - 92.5%

Slight (1)
5.9%
11.8%
7.8%
6.9%


3.6% - 9.6%
7.6% - 17.9%
4.0% - 14.7%
4.8% - 9.9%

Moderate (2)
3.1%
2.8%
8.0%
3.2%


1.5% - 6.2%
1.4% - 5.5%
3.9% - 15.9%
1.8% - 5.6%

Severe (3)
0.0%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%


N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.5%
N/A - N/A
0.0% - 0.4%

Observations
269
239
92
600
Fuel
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.044
0.102
0.064
0.054


0.014 - 0.075
0.047 - 0.157
-0.011 - 0.140
0.028 - 0.081

None (0)
96.4%
92.0%
95.4%
95.7%


93.2% - 98.1%
85.7% - 95.7%
87.1% - 98.5%
93.1% - 97.3%

Slight (1)
2.7%
5.8%
2.7%
3.2%


1.3% - 5.7%
2.6% - 12.4%
0.7% - 10.0%
1.8% - 5.6%

Moderate (2)
0.9%
2.2%
1.9%
1.1%


0.2% - 3.3%
1.0% - 4.6%
0.3% - 10.7%
0.4% - 2.7%

Severe (3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
269
239
92
600
D-77
Table D.18 Page 4 of 5

-------
Table D.18. Question B2.3.1: How severe are your concerns about shortages or supply chain disruptions involving durable goods and other critical
equipment and supplies, etc.?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Vehicles
Mean score (0 to 3)
0.053
0.042
0.054
0.051


0.016 - 0.090
-0.002 - 0.086
-0.016 - 0.125
0.021 - 0.082

None (0)
96.4%
95.8%
96.4%
96.3%


93.2% - 98.1%
88.4% - 98.6%
89.6% - 98.8%
93.7% - 97.9%

Slight (1)
1.9%
4.2%
1.7%
2.2%


0.8% - 4.5%
1.4% - 11.6%
0.5% - 5.5%
1.1% - 4.4%

Moderate (2)
1.7%
0.0%
1.9%
1.4%


0.7% - 4.4%
N/A - N/A
0.3% - 10.7%
0.6% - 3.6%

Severe (3)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
269
239
92
600
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-78
Table D.18 Page 5 of 5

-------
Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Filter media
Unavailable from
22.0%
59.7%
50.0%
34.1%

supplier(s)
2.3% - 77.2%
16.6% - 91.7%
9.0% - 91.0%
9.5% - 71.9%

Delayed / backordered
78.0%
34.9%
65.7%
65.7%

from supplier(s)
22.8% - 97.7%
6.9% - 79.4%
14.7% - 95.5%
27.8% - 90.5%

Transportation /
0.0%
0.0%
50.0%
3.9%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
9.0% - 91.0%
0.8% - 16.1%

Price
26.0%
0.0%
15.7%
18.4%


3.6% - 76.7%
N/A - N/A
1.6% - 68.2%
3.0% - 61.7%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
7
6
4
17
Granular/
Unavailable from
38.6%
73.2%
13.6%
43.0%
Powdered
supplier(s)
8.0% - 81.9%
20.4% - 96.7%
1.3% - 65.1%
13.9% - 78.0%
Activated
Delayed / backordered
57.9%
26.8%
100.0%
55.6%
Carbon (GAC/
from supplier(s)
16.7% - 90.4%
3.3% - 79.6%
N/A - N/A
21.1% - 85.4%
PAC)
Transportation /
0.0%
0.0%
13.6%
1.2%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.3% - 65.1%
0.2% - 8.3%

Price
19.3%
0.0%
13.6%
15.1%


2.0% - 73.5%
N/A - N/A
1.3% - 65.1%
1.9% - 61.7%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
6
3
5
14
D-79
Table D.19 Page 1 of 5

-------
Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Membrane
Unavailable from
23.9%
64.5%
50.0%
35.3%
modules
supplier(s)
2.2% - 81.2%
17.2% - 94.1%
1.6% - 98.4%
7.7% - 78.1%

Delayed / backordered
76.1%
23.6%
100.0%
63.0%

from supplier(s)
18.8% - 97.8%
3.2% - 74.2%
N/A - N/A
21.1% - 91.6%

Transportation /
0.0%
0.0%
50.0%
1.4%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.6% - 98.4%
0.2% - 10.4%

Price
23.9%
0.0%
50.0%
18.4%


2.2% - 81.2%
N/A - N/A
1.6% - 98.4%
2.1% - 69.9%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
5
4
2
11
Pumps
Unavailable from
24.7%
36.1%
37.7%
27.7%

supplier(s)
11.7% - 44.8%
18.3% - 58.7%
16.6% - 64.8%
16.4% - 43.0%

Delayed / backordered
88.2%
81.3%
78.6%
86.2%

from supplier(s)
68.5% - 96.2%
48.9% - 95.2%
48.7% - 93.4%
71.5% - 94.0%

Transportation /
17.2%
13.7%
21.4%
16.7%

distribution difficulties
7.0% - 36.6%
5.9% - 28.7%
6.6% - 51.3%
8.3% - 30.8%

Price
25.4%
10.0%
10.2%
21.4%


12.3% - 45.4%
3.7% - 24.6%
2.5% - 33.7%
11.3% - 36.8%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
32
37
16
85
D-80
Table D.19 Page 2 of 5

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Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Motors
Unavailable from
29.6%
38.5%
37.7%
32.1%

supplier(s)
14.1% - 51.8%
19.8% - 61.3%
16.6% - 64.8%
19.1% - 48.6%

Delayed / backordered
85.8%
80.0%
78.6%
84.1%

from supplier(s)
63.4% - 95.5%
46.8% - 94.8%
48.6% - 93.4%
67.6% - 93.1%

Transportation /
20.6%
13.4%
21.4%
19.0%

distribution difficulties
8.3% - 42.6%
5.4% - 29.4%
6.6% - 51.4%
9.3% - 34.8%

Price
29.6%
10.7%
10.2%
24.2%


14.1% - 51.8%
3.9% - 26.1%
2.5% - 33.8%
12.7% - 41.1%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
27
34
16
77
Pipes
Unavailable from
30.4%
38.7%
47.0%
32.8%

supplier(s)
14.2% - 53.5%
17.2% - 65.8%
18.7% - 77.4%
18.7% - 50.9%

Delayed / backordered
80.0%
78.0%
83.9%
79.8%

from supplier(s)
56.6% - 92.5%
38.9% - 95.2%
39.8% - 97.6%
61.1% - 90.8%

Transportation /
15.9%
17.0%
23.5%
16.5%

distribution difficulties
5.4% - 38.7%
6.7% - 36.9%
5.4% - 62.2%
7.3% - 33.0%

Price
31.3%
10.2%
14.8%
26.3%


14.9% - 54.2%
3.1% - 28.7%
3.4% - 45.7%
13.6% - 44.7%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
25
26
10
61
D-81
Table D.19 Page 3 of 5

-------
Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Valves
Unavailable from
19.4%
35.8%
39.7%
24.3%

supplier(s)
7.4% - 42.0%
17.4% - 59.6%
17.5% - 67.2%
13.2% - 40.5%

Delayed / backordered
84.8%
80.0%
82.8%
83.6%

from supplier(s)
62.8% - 94.9%
46.9% - 94.8%
49.7% - 95.9%
67.1% - 92.7%

Transportation /
15.2%
13.4%
17.2%
14.8%

distribution difficulties
5.1% - 37.2%
5.4% - 29.4%
4.1% - 50.3%
6.6% - 30.1%

Price
25.1%
8.0%
10.8%
20.4%


11.0% - 47.5%
2.5% - 22.8%
2.6% - 35.4%
9.9% - 37.2%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
26
34
15
75
Fuel
Unavailable from
23.9%
49.8%
59.3%
32.8%

supplier(s)
5.4% - 63.2%
21.2% - 78.5%
10.3% - 94.9%
13.8% - 59.8%

Delayed / backordered
52.2%
42.5%
59.3%
49.6%

from supplier(s)
20.7% - 82.0%
17.7% - 71.7%
10.3% - 94.9%
25.8% - 73.5%

Transportation /
0.0%
35.1%
59.3%
12.4%

distribution difficulties
N/A - N/A
14.1% - 64.2%
10.3% - 94.9%
7.3% - 20.4%

Price
35.9%
5.0%
59.3%
27.7%


11.1% - 71.5%
0.6% - 31.1%
10.3% - 94.9%
10.2% - 56.3%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
10
16
3
29
D-82
Table D.19 Page 4 of 5

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Table D.19. Question B2.3.2: For each item, what are you most concerned about? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Vehicles
Unavailable from
23.9%
61.8%
23.9%
30.7%

supplier(s)
5.4% - 63.3%
19.2% - 91.7%
1.6% - 85.7%
10.5% - 62.7%

Delayed / backordered
64.1%
38.2%
100.0%
60.7%

from supplier(s)
28.4% - 89.0%
8.3% - 80.8%
N/A - N/A
30.6% - 84.3%

Transportation /
12.0%
0.0%
23.9%
10.2%

distribution difficulties
1.4% - 56.3%
N/A - N/A
1.6% - 85.7%
1.4% - 47.0%

Price
47.8%
0.0%
23.9%
38.4%


17.9% - 79.4%
N/A - N/A
1.6% - 85.7%
15.1% - 68.6%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
10
6
3
19
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-83
Table D.19 Page 5 of 5

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Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that
apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Filter media
Seek alternative supplier
52.0%
30.2%
31.4%
44.7%


12.9% - 88.8%
5.9% - 74.9%
8.1% - 70.5%
15.6% - 78.0%

Increase purchasing / maintain
26.0%
79.8%
65.7%
43.2%

a larger than typical inventory
3.6% - 76.7%
34.8% - 96.7%
14.7% - 95.5%
14.7% - 77.1%

Switch chemicals, procedures,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements with neighbor-
26.0%
0.0%
0.0%
17.1%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
3.6% - 76.7%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.5% - 62.1%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
7
6
4
17
Granular/
Seek alternative supplier
38.6%
13.4%
100.0%
39.1%
Powdered

8.0% - 81.9%
1.0% - 70.1%
N/A - N/A
12.3% - 74.6%
Activated
Increase purchasing / maintain
42.1%
100.0%
86.4%
57.0%
Carbon (GAC/
a larger than typical inventory
9.6% - 83.3%
N/A - N/A
34.9% - 98.7%
22.0% - 86.1%
PAC)
Switch chemicals, procedures,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements with neighbor-
19.3%
0.0%
0.0%
14.0%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
2.0% - 73.5%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.5% - 62.9%

Other
19.3%
0.0%
0.0%
14.0%


2.0% - 73.5%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.5% - 62.9%

Observations
6
3
5
14
D-84
Table D.20 Page 1 of 5

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Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that
apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Membrane
Seek alternative supplier
52.2%
23.6%
100.0%
46.1%
modules

10.7% - 90.9%
3.2% - 74.2%
N/A - N/A
13.0% - 82.9%

Increase purchasing / maintain
28.3%
88.2%
100.0%
46.1%

a larger than typical inventory
3.5% - 80.9%
33.1% - 99.1%
N/A - N/A
13.0% - 82.9%

Switch chemicals, procedures,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements with neighbor-
23.9%
0.0%
0.0%
16.9%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
2.2% - 81.2%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.7% - 70.9%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
5
4
2
11
Pumps
Seek alternative supplier
63.8%
67.6%
73.5%
65.1%


43.8% - 79.9%
49.7% - 81.5%
44.9% - 90.4%
49.7% - 77.9%

Increase purchasing / maintain
40.9%
30.1%
41.9%
38.6%

a larger than typical inventory
23.8% - 60.5%
16.8% - 47.9%
20.0% - 67.5%
25.3% - 54.0%

Switch chemicals, procedures,
3.9%
0.0%
0.0%
2.9%

or technologies
0.5% - 24.1%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.4% - 18.6%

Make arrangements with neighbor-
16.5%
10.0%
0.0%
14.3%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
6.4% - 36.2%
3.7% - 24.6%
N/A - N/A
6.4% - 29.0%

Other
4.7%
6.2%
5.1%
5.0%


0.8% - 22.3%
1.8% - 18.8%
0.7% - 29.4%
1.5% - 15.8%

Observations
32
37
16
85
D-85
Table D.20 Page 2 of 5

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Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that
apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Motors
Seek alternative supplier
66.1%
60.1%
73.5%
65.1%


44.0% - 82.9%
37.6% - 79.0%
44.9% - 90.4%
48.5% - 78.7%

Increase purchasing / maintain
39.5%
44.0%
52.1%
41.2%

a larger than typical inventory
21.4% - 61.1%
24.8% - 65.3%
27.5% - 75.7%
26.7% - 57.5%

Switch chemicals, procedures,
4.7%
0.0%
0.0%
3.4%

or technologies
0.6% - 28.1%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.5% - 21.1%

Make arrangements with neighbor-
18.9%
8.0%
0.0%
15.3%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
7.1% - 41.5%
2.5% - 22.8%
N/A - N/A
6.5% - 32.0%

Other
5.6%
2.7%
5.1%
4.9%


1.0% - 26.1%
0.4% - 17.2%
0.7% - 29.6%
1.2% - 18.4%

Observations
27
34
16
77
Pipes
Seek alternative supplier
69.1%
56.0%
76.5%
66.8%


46.1% - 85.4%
31.1% - 78.2%
37.8% - 94.6%
48.7% - 80.9%

Increase purchasing / maintain
31.8%
23.8%
30.9%
30.2%

a larger than typical inventory
15.3% - 54.6%
10.7% - 44.9%
9.1% - 66.5%
16.8% - 48.0%

Switch chemicals, procedures,
5.0%
18.6%
14.8%
8.2%

or technologies
0.7% - 29.4%
3.1% - 62.3%
3.4% - 45.7%
2.2% - 25.9%

Make arrangements with neighbor-
15.9%
10.2%
0.0%
14.1%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
5.4% - 38.7%
3.1% - 28.7%
N/A - N/A
5.5% - 31.4%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
25
26
10
61
D-86
Table D.20 Page 3 of 5

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Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that
apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Valves
Seek alternative supplier
76.2%
62.8%
72.1%
72.8%


53.4% - 89.9%
39.4% - 81.4%
42.7% - 89.9%
56.2% - 84.9%

Increase purchasing / maintain
34.2%
38.7%
54.9%
36.3%

a larger than typical inventory
17.3% - 56.4%
19.8% - 61.7%
28.8% - 78.5%
22.5% - 52.9%

Switch chemicals, procedures,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements with neighbor-
15.2%
10.7%
0.0%
13.3%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
5.1% - 37.2%
3.9% - 26.1%
N/A - N/A
5.5% - 29.0%

Other
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%


N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Observations
26
34
15
75
Fuel
Seek alternative supplier
76.1%
25.1%
40.7%
59.9%


36.8% - 94.6%
9.0% - 53.2%
5.1% - 89.7%
34.8% - 80.7%

Increase purchasing / maintain
12.0%
52.5%
40.7%
24.9%

a larger than typical inventory
1.4% - 56.0%
23.5% - 79.9%
5.1% - 89.7%
9.3% - 51.7%

Switch chemicals, procedures,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements with neighbor-
12.0%
0.0%
0.0%
8.0%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
1.4% - 56.0%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
1.0% - 43.1%

Other
0.0%
5.0%
0.0%
1.5%


N/A - N/A
0.6% - 31.1%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 10.0%

Observations
10
16
3
29
D-87
Table D.20 Page 4 of 5

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Table D.20. Question B2.3.3: What steps have you taken or are you taking to prepare for potential shortages and supply chain disruptions? (select all that
apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Supply

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Chain Issue
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Vehicles
Seek alternative supplier
64.1%
19.1%
23.9%
54.7%


28.4% - 89.0%
3.2% - 62.9%
1.6% - 85.7%
26.3% - 80.3%

Increase purchasing / maintain
23.9%
61.8%
23.9%
30.7%

a larger than typical inventory
5.4% - 63.3%
19.2% - 91.7%
1.6% - 85.7%
10.5% - 62.7%

Switch chemicals, procedures,
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

or technologies
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Make arrangements with neighbor-
26.1%
0.0%
52.2%
22.3%

ing utilities or mutual aid network
6.5% - 64.0%
N/A - N/A
13.0% - 88.9%
6.2% - 55.2%

Other
12.0%
9.6%
0.0%
11.1%


1.4% - 56.3%
0.9% - 54.4%
N/A - N/A
1.8% - 46.3%

Observations
10
6
3
19
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-88
Table D.20 Page 5 of 5

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Table D.21. Question B3: Has your organization made any requests for personnel, supplies, or equipment to
your tribal, local, or state emergency operations center (EOC), primacy agency, or similar organization?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Yes, entirely fulfilled
11.9%
21.2%
28.4%
13.9%

8.4% - 16.5%
16.0% - 27.6%
15.5% - 46.3%
10.8% - 17.7%
Yes, partly fulfilled
5.8%
7.3%
11.3%
6.2%

3.5% - 9.5%
4.8% - 11.0%
6.5% - 18.7%
4.2% - 9.1%
Yes, not fulfilled
0.4%
0.0%
1.9%
0.4%

0.1% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
0.3% - 10.7%
0.1% - 2.1%
No, support was not needed
70.6%
58.1%
52.3%
68.0%

64.6% - 75.9%
51.0% - 64.9%
39.0% - 65.3%
63.1% - 72.6%
No, but we would have used it if it had
4.1%
5.1%
2.6%
4.2%
been available or if we had known of it
2.2% - 7.4%
2.0% - 12.0%
1.0% - 6.7%
2.5% - 6.9%
Do not know
7.3%
8.3%
3.6%
7.3%

4.6% - 11.3%
5.6% - 12.2%
1.2% - 10.4%
5.0% - 10.5%
Observations
271
236
92
599
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-89
Table D.21 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.22. Question C.l: To what extent did your organization experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical
functions to maintain operations, from January 2020 through present day?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Personnel
Type
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Licensed or
certified
operators
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.28
0.20 - 0.36
0.53
0.44 - 0.63
0.49
0.34 - 0.65
0.33
0.26 - 0.39
No Shortage
(0)
80.1%
74.7% - 84.6%
60.5%
53.7% - 66.9%
63.6%
52.2% - 73.7%
76.5%
72.1% - 80.4%
Slight Shortage
(1)
13.3%
9.6% - 18.2%
26.0%
20.4% - 32.6%
23.4%
15.9% - 33.1%
15.7%
12.4% - 19.6%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
5.2%
3.1% - 8.7%
13.1%
9.6% - 17.6%
13.0%
7.9% - 20.7%
6.7%
4.8% - 9.4%
Severe
Shorage (3)
1.4%
0.5% - 3.9%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
1.2%
0.4% - 3.1%
Laboratory
technicians/
sample analysts
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.14
0.08 - 0.19
0.33
0.25 - 0.41
0.42
0.27 - 0.56
0.18
0.13 - 0.22
No Shortage
(0)
90.0%
85.7% - 93.1%
74.4%
67.9% - 80.0%
70.5%
59.8% - 79.3%
86.9%
83.4% - 89.7%
Slight Shortage
(1)
6.6%
4.1% - 10.4%
19.1%
14.1% - 25.4%
18.3%
11.8% - 27.3%
9.0%
6.7% - 12.0%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
3.0%
1.5% - 5.9%
5.6%
3.5% - 9.0%
10.4%
5.9% - 17.7%
3.6%
2.3% - 5.8%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.4%
0.1% - 2.9%
0.8%
0.2% - 2.9%
0.9%
0.2% - 4.5%
0.5%
0.1% - 2.0%
D-90
Table D.22 Page 1 of 4

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Table D.22. Question C.l: To what extent did your organization experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical
functions to maintain operations, from January 2020 through present day?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Personnel
Type
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Field Workers
(meter reading,
sampling,
maintenance,
etc.)
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.26
0.19 - 0.33
0.42
0.34 - 0.51
0.48
0.32 - 0.65
0.29
0.23 - 0.35
No Shortage
(0)
80.8%
75.4% - 85.2%
67.3%
60.5% - 73.3%
66.8%
55.5% - 76.3%
78.2%
73.9% - 82.0%
Slight Shortage
(1)
13.2%
9.6% - 18.1%
23.7%
18.2% - 30.2%
19.1%
12.6% - 27.9%
15.1%
11.8% - 19.0%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
5.0%
3.0% - 8.4%
8.5%
5.7% - 12.3%
13.3%
7.8% - 21.7%
5.8%
4.0% - 8.4%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.9%
0.3% - 3.2%
0.6%
0.2% - 2.3%
0.9%
0.2% - 4.6%
0.9%
0.3% - 2.6%
Engineering/
design/
construction
personnel
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.11
0.07 - 0.15
0.24
0.17 - 0.30
0.30
0.20 - 0.41
0.14
0.10 - 0.17
No Shortage
(0)
90.3%
86.0% - 93.4%
80.7%
74.4% - 85.7%
73.0%
62.6% - 81.4%
88.2%
84.7% - 90.9%
Slight Shortage
(1)
8.4%
5.5% - 12.5%
15.1%
10.5% - 21.3%
23.6%
15.8% - 33.6%
9.9%
7.4% - 13.2%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
1.4%
0.5% - 3.9%
4.2%
2.4% - 7.1%
3.4%
1.5% - 7.8%
1.9%
1.0% - 3.6%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
D-91
Table D.22 Page 2 of 4

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Table D.22. Question C.l: To what extent did your organization experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical
functions to maintain operations, from January 2020 through present day?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Personnel
Type
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Critial equipment
repair
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.15
0.09 - 0.21
0.30
0.23 - 0.38
0.37
0.25 - 0.50
0.18
0.14 - 0.23
No Shortage
(0)
88.7%
84.2% - 92.0%
74.6%
68.1% - 80.2%
69.6%
58.8% - 78.6%
85.8%
82.2% - 88.8%
Slight Shortage
(1)
8.3%
5.5% - 12.4%
20.4%
15.2% - 26.8%
24.4%
16.5% - 34.5%
10.8%
8.2% - 14.1%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
2.0%
0.9% - 4.6%
5.0%
3.0% - 8.2%
5.1%
2.5% - 10.1%
2.6%
1.5% - 4.5%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.9%
0.3% - 3.3%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.9%
0.2% - 4.5%
0.8%
0.2% - 2.6%
Administrative
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.14
0.08 - 0.19
0.30
0.23 - 0.38
0.24
0.13 - 0.35
0.17
0.12 - 0.21
No Shortage
(0)
89.8%
85.4% - 92.9%
76.4%
70.0% - 81.9%
79.7%
69.8% - 87.0%
87.3%
83.8% - 90.2%
Slight Shortage
(1)
7.8%
5.0% - 11.8%
17.1%
12.3% - 23.4%
16.7%
10.3% - 25.9%
9.6%
7.1% - 12.8%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
1.6%
0.6% - 3.9%
6.0%
3.8% - 9.5%
3.6%
1.2% - 10.4%
2.4%
1.4% - 4.0%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.9%
0.2% - 3.3%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.8%
0.2% - 2.6%
D-92
Table D.22 Page 3 of 4

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Table D.22. Question C.l: To what extent did your organization experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical
functions to maintain operations, from January 2020 through present day?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Personnel
Type
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Customer Service
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.14
0.09 - 0.20
0.24
0.17 - 0.31
0.20
0.09 - 0.30
0.16
0.11 - 0.21
No Shortage
(0)
89.5%
85.0% - 92.7%
82.6%
77.6% - 86.7%
83.9%
74.5% - 90.2%
88.2%
84.7% - 91.0%
Slight Shortage
(1)
7.1%
4.5% - 11.0%
11.3%
8.1% - 15.7%
12.5%
7.2% - 20.9%
7.9%
5.6% - 11.0%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
3.0%
1.5% - 5.9%
5.7%
3.5% - 9.0%
3.6%
1.2% - 10.6%
3.5%
2.1% - 5.6%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.4%
0.1% - 2.9%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.4%
0.1% - 2.1%
Other
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.58
-0.11 - 1.27
0.19
-0.12 - 0.50
1.50
-1.51 - 4.51
0.52
-0.04 - 1.07
No Shortage
(0)
71.1%
31.6% - 92.9%
80.9%
36.7% - 96.9%
50.0%
1.8% - 98.2%
72.7%
39.4% - 91.6%
Slight Shortage
(1)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
19.1%
3.1% - 63.3%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
3.8%
1.0% - 13.4%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
28.9%
7.1% - 68.4%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
22.7%
5.7% - 58.6%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
50.0%
1.8% - 98.2%
0.9%
0.1% - 6.2%
Observations
271
237
93
601
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-93
Table D.22 Page 4 of 4

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Table D.23. Question C.2: To what extent do you expect to experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical
functions to maintain operations, from present day through December 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Personnel
Type
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Licensed or
certified
operators
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.22
0.16 - 0.28
0.52
0.43 - 0.61
0.44
0.30 - 0.58
0.27
0.22 - 0.33
No Shortage
(0)
83.2%
78.0% - 87.3%
59.5%
52.3% - 66.3%
64.0%
52.4% - 74.2%
78.9%
74.7% - 82.6%
Slight Shortage
(1)
11.9%
8.4% - 16.5%
28.7%
22.4% - 36.0%
29.1%
20.1% - 40.0%
15.1%
11.9% - 18.9%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
4.8%
2.8% - 8.2%
11.8%
8.4% - 16.2%
6.0%
3.1% - 11.3%
5.9%
4.1% - 8.5%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.2%
0.0% - 0.6%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.9%
0.2% - 4.5%
0.2%
0.1% - 0.5%
Laboratory
technicians/
sample analysts
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.13
0.08 - 0.19
0.33
0.26 - 0.41
0.29
0.18 - 0.40
0.17
0.13 - 0.22
No Shortage
(0)
89.9%
85.6% - 93.1%
72.5%
65.8% - 78.3%
74.5%
64.2% - 82.7%
86.7%
83.2% - 89.6%
Slight Shortage
(1)
6.7%
4.2% - 10.5%
21.9%
16.5% - 28.4%
22.0%
14.5% - 31.9%
9.6%
7.2% - 12.6%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
3.4%
1.7% - 6.4%
5.2%
3.1% - 8.5%
3.4%
1.5% - 7.9%
3.6%
2.2% - 6.0%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.4%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.1%
0.0% - 0.4%
D-94
Table D.23 Page 1 of 4

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Table D.23. Question C.2: To what extent do you expect to experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical
functions to maintain operations, from present day through December 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Personnel

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Type
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Field Workers
Mean Score (0-
0.19
0.35
0.32
0.22
(meter reading,
3)
0.13 - 0.25
0.28 - 0.43
0.19 - 0.44
0.17 - 0.27
sampling,
No Shortage
85.1%
70.4%
74.5%
82.5%
maintenance,
(0)
80.1% - 89.0%
63.7% - 76.4%
64.2% - 82.7%
78.4% - 85.9%
etc.)
Slight Shortage
11.2%
23.9%
19.3%
13.4%

(1)
7.8% - 15.8%
18.3% - 30.4%
12.5% - 28.5%
10.4% - 17.2%

Moderate
3.3%
5.7%
6.2%
3.7%

Shortage (2)
1.7% - 6.1%
3.6% - 9.0%
2.8% - 13.0%
2.3% - 5.9%

Severe
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.4%

Shorage (3)
0.1% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.4%
Engineering/
Mean Score (0-
0.11
0.23
0.20
0.14
design/
3)
0.07 - 0.16
0.17 - 0.30
0.12 - 0.29
0.10 - 0.18
construction
No Shortage
91.1%
81.1%
80.6%
89.2%
personnel
(0)
86.9% - 94.0%
75.9% - 85.5%
70.9% - 87.5%
85.9% - 91.8%

Slight Shortage
6.4%
14.4%
18.6%
8.0%

(1)
3.9% - 10.2%
10.6% - 19.2%
11.8% - 28.1%
5.8% - 11.0%

Moderate
2.5%
4.5%
0.9%
2.8%

Shortage (2)
1.2% - 5.3%
2.6% - 7.6%
0.2% - 4.5%
1.6% - 4.9%

Severe
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

Shorage (3)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
D-95
Table D.23 Page 2 of 4

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Table D.23. Question C.2: To what extent do you expect to experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical
functions to maintain operations, from present day through December 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Personnel
Type
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Critial equipment
repair
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.13
0.08 - 0.18
0.28
0.22 - 0.35
0.33
0.21 - 0.45
0.16
0.12 - 0.20
No Shortage
(0)
90.0%
85.7% - 93.2%
76.9%
71.2% - 81.7%
72.8%
62.3% - 81.3%
87.4%
83.9% - 90.2%
Slight Shortage
(1)
7.8%
5.0% - 11.9%
18.2%
13.9% - 23.4%
22.0%
14.5% - 31.9%
9.9%
7.4% - 13.1%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
1.8%
0.8% - 4.1%
4.5%
2.6% - 7.7%
4.3%
2.0% - 9.1%
2.3%
1.3% - 4.0%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.4%
0.1% - 3.0%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.5%
0.9%
0.2% - 4.5%
0.4%
0.1% - 2.1%
Administrative
Mean Score (0-
3)
0.11
0.06 - 0.15
0.25
0.19 - 0.32
0.15
0.07 - 0.23
0.13
0.09 - 0.17
No Shortage
(0)
90.8%
86.5% - 93.8%
78.1%
71.6% - 83.4%
86.6%
78.1% - 92.2%
88.6%
85.2% - 91.4%
Slight Shortage
(1)
8.1%
5.2% - 12.2%
18.4%
13.4% - 24.8%
11.6%
6.5% - 19.9%
9.8%
7.2% - 13.1%
Moderate
Shortage (2)
0.7%
0.2% - 2.4%
3.5%
1.9% - 6.4%
1.7%
0.5% - 5.6%
1.2%
0.6% - 2.3%
Severe
Shorage (3)
0.4%
0.1% - 3.0%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.4%
0.1% - 2.4%
D-96
Table D.23 Page 3 of 4

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Table D.23. Question C.2: To what extent do you expect to experience shortages of key personnel, including contractors performing critical
functions to maintain operations, from present day through December 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Personnel

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Type
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Customer Service
Mean Score (0-
0.12
0.21
0.13
0.13

3)
0.07 - 0.16
0.15 - 0.27
0.06 - 0.21
0.09 - 0.17

No Shortage
90.4%
83.8%
87.5%
89.3%

(0)
86.0% - 93.5%
78.8% - 87.8%
79.1% - 92.8%
85.8% - 92.0%

Slight Shortage
8.0%
11.9%
11.6%
8.7%

(1)
5.2% - 12.1%
8.6% - 16.3%
6.5% - 19.9%
6.3% - 12.0%

Moderate
1.2%
4.3%
0.9%
1.7%

Shortage (2)
0.4% - 3.3%
2.5% - 7.4%
0.2% - 4.6%
0.9% - 3.1%

Severe
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%

Shorage (3)
0.1% - 2.9%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.4%
Other
Mean Score (0-
0.00
0.33
3.00
0.18

3)
0.00 - 0.00
-0.31 - 0.98
3.00 - 3.00
0.08 - 0.27

No Shortage
100.0%
66.7%
0.0%
91.0%

(0)
N/A - N/A
9.8% - 97.4%
N/A - N/A
75.6% - 97.1%

Slight Shortage
0.0%
33.3%
0.0%
4.7%

(1)
N/A - N/A
2.6% - 90.2%
N/A - N/A
0.6% - 30.0%

Moderate
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

Shortage (2)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Severe
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
4.3%

Shorage (3)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
4.3% - 4.3%
Observations
268
233
92
593
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-97
Table D.23 Page 4 of 4

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Table D.24. Question C.3: What factors contribute to personnel shortages you identified in questions C.l and C.2? (check all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Factor
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Absenteeism
(illness, care of
family members,
daycare closure,
virtual schooling,
etc.)
Mean Score
(0-2)
1.18
1.02 - 1.33
1.24
1.11 - 1.37
1.21
1.07 - 1.35
1.19
1.08 - 1.31
Does Not
Contribute (0)
19.9%
12.7% - 29.6%
14.4%
8.2% - 23.9%
9.7%
4.7% - 18.9%
18.1%
12.6% - 25.2%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
42.6%
32.5% - 53.3%
47.4%
38.7% - 56.2%
59.5%
47.4% - 70.6%
44.5%
36.9% - 52.4%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
37.6%
28.0% - 48.3%
38.2%
30.5% - 46.6%
30.8%
21.0% - 42.6%
37.4%
30.2% - 45.3%
Layoffs or
furloughs
Mean Score
(0-2)
0.19
0.07 - 0.31
0.22
0.12 - 0.33
0.17
0.01 - 0.33
0.20
0.11 - 0.28
Does Not
Contribute (0)
85.9%
75.5% - 92.4%
83.2%
72.7% - 90.2%
86.9%
73.8% - 94.0%
85.3%
78.0% - 90.5%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
9.3%
4.3% - 18.9%
11.2%
5.2% - 22.5%
9.1%
4.1% - 19.2%
9.8%
5.6% - 16.5%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
4.8%
1.6% - 13.2%
5.6%
2.8% - 10.8%
4.0%
0.6% - 21.8%
4.9%
2.3% - 10.2%
Reduced work
hours of
current staff
Mean Score
(0-2)
0.50
0.34 - 0.67
0.60
0.48 - 0.72
0.61
0.40 - 0.82
0.53
0.41 - 0.65
Does Not
Contribute (0)
62.7%
51.2% - 72.9%
54.3%
44.7% - 63.6%
56.4%
42.9% - 69.0%
60.3%
51.9% - 68.2%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
24.2%
15.8% - 35.4%
31.8%
22.7% - 42.4%
26.5%
16.3% - 40.0%
26.2%
19.5% - 34.3%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
13.1%
7.1% - 22.9%
13.9%
9.2% - 20.7%
17.2%
8.9% - 30.4%
13.5%
8.8% - 20.2%
D-98
Table D.24 Page 1 of 3

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Table D.24. Question C.3: What factors contribute to personnel shortages you identified in questions C.l and C.2? (check all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Factor
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Delayed or
cancelled plans
to hire staff
Mean Score
(0-2)
0.32
0.18 - 0.45
0.55
0.38 - 0.71
0.80
0.61 - 0.98
0.40
0.29 - 0.50
Does Not
Contribute (0)
75.8%
64.9% - 84.2%
61.5%
52.0% - 70.3%
37.8%
26.4% - 50.7%
70.4%
62.7% - 77.1%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
16.7%
9.8% - 26.8%
22.4%
16.3% - 30.1%
44.9%
32.6% - 57.8%
19.5%
14.0% - 26.4%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
7.5%
3.3% - 16.1%
16.0%
9.3% - 26.2%
17.3%
9.4% - 29.8%
10.1%
6.3% - 16.0%
Lack of backup
certified
personnel
Mean Score
(0-2)
0.80
0.63 - 0.96
0.63
0.51 - 0.74
0.71
0.49 - 0.94
0.75
0.63 - 0.88
Does Not
Contribute (0)
39.9%
29.6% - 51.2%
49.0%
39.9% - 58.2%
48.9%
35.7% - 62.4%
42.4%
34.4% - 50.8%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
40.6%
30.2% - 52.0%
39.4%
30.5% - 49.2%
30.7%
19.9% - 44.2%
39.9%
31.9% - 48.4%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
19.5%
12.1% - 29.7%
11.6%
7.1% - 18.2%
20.3%
11.0% - 34.6%
17.7%
12.1% - 25.2%
Operators unable
to obtain or
maintain needed
certification due to
lack of in-person
training
Mean Score
(0-2)
0.84
0.66 - 1.03
0.58
0.45 - 0.72
0.30
0.15 - 0.46
0.76
0.62 - 0.90
Does Not
Contribute (0)
43.4%
33.0% - 54.5%
56.6%
47.3% - 65.4%
78.5%
66.6% - 87.0%
48.0%
39.9% - 56.2%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
28.6%
19.8% - 39.5%
28.5%
21.4% - 37.0%
12.6%
6.4% - 23.1%
27.9%
21.1% - 35.9%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
27.9%
19.1% - 38.8%
14.9%
9.8% - 21.9%
9.0%
4.0% - 18.8%
24.1%
17.5% - 32.2%
D-99
Table D.24 Page 2 of 3

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Table D.24. Question C.3: What factors contribute to personnel shortages you identified in questions C.l and C.2? (check all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Factor
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Restrictions on
travel
Mean Score
(0-2)
0.59
0.43 - 0.74
0.54
0.42 - 0.66
0.63
0.44 - 0.82
0.58
0.46 - 0.69
Does Not
Contribute (0)
52.8%
41.6% - 63.8%
58.4%
49.7% - 66.7%
50.7%
37.9% - 63.4%
54.1%
45.7% - 62.2%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
35.7%
25.6% - 47.1%
29.2%
22.1% - 37.4%
35.7%
24.3% - 49.0%
34.1%
26.6% - 42.5%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
11.5%
6.0% - 20.9%
12.4%
7.9% - 18.9%
13.7%
6.7% - 25.8%
11.8%
7.4% - 18.3%
Lack of I.T.
infrastructure
(e.g., equipment,
network capacity)
Mean Score
(0-2)
0.43
0.26 - 0.59
0.27
0.18 - 0.36
0.25
0.12 - 0.39
0.38
0.26 - 0.50
Does Not
Contribute (0)
69.0%
57.1% - 78.9%
76.9%
68.8% - 83.4%
78.1%
65.0% - 87.3%
71.5%
63.0% - 78.7%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
19.2%
11.4% - 30.5%
18.9%
13.1% - 26.6%
18.3%
9.9% - 31.3%
19.1%
13.2% - 26.8%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
11.8%
6.0% - 21.8%
4.2%
1.9% - 8.9%
3.6%
1.0% - 12.1%
9.4%
5.2% - 16.3%
Other
Mean Score
(0-2)
0.49
-0.03 - 1.01
0.37
0.02 - 0.73
1.00
0.12 - 1.88
0.48
0.10 - 0.86
Does Not
Contribute (0)
70.5%
36.4% - 90.9%
76.7%
50.0% - 91.6%
50.0%
14.6% - 85.4%
71.5%
46.3% - 87.9%
Contributes
Somewhat (1)
9.8%
1.2% - 49.6%
9.3%
2.0% - 33.6%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
9.3%
1.9% - 35.1%
Contributes
Significantly (2)
19.6%
4.5% - 55.9%
14.0%
4.0% - 39.1%
50.0%
14.6% - 85.4%
19.2%
6.6% - 44.4%
Observations
101
149
57
307
D-100
Table D.24 Page 3 of 3

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Table D.25. Question C.4: What strategies or resources has your organization used to address potential shortages of certified operators, laboratory staff,
or other trained personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Strategy or Resource
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Used technology to allow some operational
tasks to be performed remotely
24.8%
19.0% - 31.6%
38.8%
32.0% - 46.1%
43.1%
30.5% - 56.5%
28.0%
23.2% - 33.4%
Used telework for job functions that could
be performed remotely
9.8%
6.3% - 14.9%
42.7%
35.7% - 50.0%
73.9%
62.8% - 82.6%
18.3%
14.9% - 22.3%
Decreased staffing/changed shift work while
maintaining core operations
30.4%
24.1% - 37.5%
65.2%
58.0% - 71.8%
74.1%
63.3% - 82.5%
38.5%
33.1% - 44.1%
Delayed non-critical work
45.6%
38.5% - 52.9%
64.8%
57.2% - 71.8%
83.6%
74.5% - 89.9%
50.6%
44.8% - 56.4%
Increased use of contractors
7.2%
4.3% - 11.9%
9.4%
5.2% - 16.5%
9.7%
5.1% - 17.7%
7.7%
5.2% - 11.4%
Accessed operators from nearby utilities,
via WARN or other mutual aid networks
9.1%
5.7% - 14.3%
3.4%
0.8% - 13.4%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
7.7%
4.9% - 11.9%
Utilized backup laboratory services
8.7%
5.4% - 13.8%
11.9%
8.4% - 16.6%
14.7%
8.5% - 24.1%
9.5%
6.7% - 13.4%
Other
23.1%
17.5% - 29.8%
12.4%
8.8% - 17.3%
5.7%
2.8% - 11.5%
20.5%
16.0% - 25.8%
Observations
204
211
82
497
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-101
Table D.25 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.26. Question C.4.1: Did the strategies you implemented help mitigate staffing shortages?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Strategy or

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Resource
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Used technology (e.g.,
Strategy Did
10.3%
4.8%
2.2%
8.4%
live video feeds) to allow
Not Help
4.2% - 22.9%
1.9% - 11.5%
0.4% - 11.4%
4.0% - 17.0%
some operational tasks
Strategy
72.3%
82.8%
95.6%
76.4%
to be performed
Helped
57.6% - 83.4%
73.6% - 89.3%
86.1% - 98.7%
65.9% - 84.4%
remotely
Not Sure
17.4%
12.4%
2.2%
15.2%


8.8% - 31.3%
7.1% - 20.8%
0.4% - 11.4%
8.9% - 24.8%
Used telework for job
Strategy Did
6.0%
3.3%
2.6%
4.3%
functions that could be
Not Help
0.8% - 32.1%
1.1% - 9.1%
0.7% - 8.6%
1.3% - 13.1%
performed remotely
Strategy
75.0%
83.6%
74.0%
78.5%

Helped
50.7% - 89.8%
74.9% - 89.7%
45.8% - 90.6%
67.0% - 86.7%

Not Sure
19.0%
13.1%
23.4%
17.3%


6.7% - 43.3%
7.8% - 21.3%
7.4% - 53.8%
9.9% - 28.3%
Decreased staffing/
Strategy Did
6.1%
2.7%
1.3%
4.7%
changed shift work
Not Help
2.2% - 15.6%
1.1% - 6.7%
0.2% - 6.9%
2.1% - 10.4%
while maintaining core
Strategy
83.0%
83.5%
75.9%
82.7%
operations
Helped
71.1% - 90.7%
76.8% - 88.6%
46.8% - 91.9%
75.1% - 88.3%

Not Sure
10.9%
13.7%
22.8%
12.6%


5.0% - 22.1%
9.1% - 20.0%
7.2% - 53.0%
7.9% - 19.5%
Delayed non-critical
Strategy Did
16.3%
4.3%
2.3%
12.5%
work
Not Help
9.7% - 26.1%
2.0% - 8.9%
0.7% - 7.6%
7.8% - 19.5%

Strategy
63.5%
83.5%
71.3%
68.7%

Helped
52.4% - 73.3%
76.8% - 88.6%
47.9% - 87.1%
60.6% - 75.9%

Not Sure
20.2%
12.2%
26.4%
18.7%


12.7% - 30.5%
7.9% - 18.4%
10.9% - 51.1%
13.1% - 26.1%
D-102
Table D.26 Page 1 of 2

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Table D.26. Question C.4.1: Did the strategies you implemented help mitigate staffing shortages?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Strategy or
Resource
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Increased use of
contractors
Strategy Did
Not Help
4.8%
1.5% - 14.4%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
3.4%
1.1% - 10.0%
Strategy
Helped
84.8%
59.3% - 95.5%
95.1%
73.3% - 99.3%
80.4%
50.2% - 94.3%
86.9%
68.8% - 95.3%
Not Sure
10.4%
1.9% - 40.6%
4.9%
0.7% - 26.7%
19.6%
5.7% - 49.8%
9.6%
2.6% - 29.9%
Accessed operators
from nearby utilities,
including via WARN or
other mutual aid
networks
Strategy Did
Not Help
12.9%
3.3% - 39.2%
73.2%
20.8% - 96.6%

17.7%
5.9% - 42.6%
Strategy
Helped
66.7%
41.6% - 84.9%
0.0%
N/A - N/A

61.3%
38.0% - 80.3%
Not Sure
20.5%
7.2% - 46.1%
26.8%
3.4% - 79.2%

21.0%
8.1% - 44.4%
Utilized backup
laboratory services
Strategy Did
Not Help
2.5%
0.6% - 9.1%
3.9%
0.6% - 20.9%
6.5%
1.1% - 29.5%
3.0%
1.1% - 7.9%
Strategy
Helped
90.8%
67.6% - 97.9%
84.5%
66.8% - 93.7%
79.3%
46.6% - 94.4%
88.7%
74.5% - 95.5%
Not Sure
6.7%
0.9% - 35.1%
11.6%
4.1% - 28.9%
14.2%
2.4% - 52.8%
8.3%
2.5% - 24.0%
Other
Strategy Did
Not Help
29.9%
16.5% - 48.0%
5.1%
0.8% - 26.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
26.9%
15.1% - 43.4%
Strategy
Helped
46.2%
29.9% - 63.4%
79.4%
57.9% - 91.6%
80.0%
37.1% - 96.4%
50.1%
35.0% - 65.2%
Not Sure
23.9%
12.1% - 41.7%
15.4%
5.4% - 36.7%
20.0%
3.6% - 62.9%
22.9%
12.3% - 38.8%
Observations
91
144
66
297
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-103
Table D.26 Page 2 of 2

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Table D.27. Question C.5: What is the greatest concern your organization has associated with maintaining staffing during the pandemic? (select one)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Concern
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Availability of testing for illness
5.2%
3.0% - 9.1%
10.2%
6.0% - 16.6%
9.4%
4.8% - 17.9%
6.2%
4.1% - 9.3%
Availability of PPE
12.7%
8.9% - 17.9%
13.2%
9.6% - 17.9%
14.9%
8.9% - 24.0%
12.9%
9.7% - 17.0%
Ability to house personnel on site
1.7%
0.7% - 4.5%
3.4%
1.8% - 6.2%
3.6%
1.5% - 8.4%
2.1%
1.1% - 4.0%
Cross-training personnel
10.0%
6.6% - 14.8%
6.4%
4.0% - 10.1%
3.6%
1.5% - 8.4%
9.2%
6.4% - 13.0%
Protecting high-risk employees
19.9%
15.1% - 25.8%
28.0%
22.2% - 34.8%
20.4%
13.2% - 30.2%
21.3%
17.2% - 26.0%
Adhering to changing local and state
32.0%
26.1% - 38.6%
26.4%
20.6% - 33.1%
28.9%
19.7% - 40.3%
31.0%
26.1% - 36.3%
Other
18.4%
13.7% - 24.2%
12.5%
9.0% - 17.1%
19.1%
6.9% - 42.7%
17.4%
13.6% - 22.1%
Observations
239
229
87
555
D-104
Table D.27 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.28. Question Dl.1.2: Please indicate the state of your organization's operating budget from January 2020 to the present
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present

Average Operating Budget by Population Served (Dollars)
Parameter
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Budgeted
$429,298
$6,598,849
$37,195,840
$2,779,409
Revenue
$271,304 - $587,293
$4,599,047 - $8,598,651
$19,933,940 - $54,457,740
$2,048,660 - $3,510,159
Actual
$384,127
$6,022,095
$36,490,040
$2,624,270
Revenue
$240,503 - $527,750
$4,248,025 - $7,796,165
$19,675,001 - $53,305,079
$1,922,033 - $3,326,507
Budgeted
$329,312
$5,311,308
$26,367,852
$2,092,331
Expenses
$216,229 - $442,394
$3,430,910 - $7,191,706
$17,344,372 - $35,391,332
$1,621,127 - $2,563,534
Actual
$292,847
$4,595,734
$24,650,398
$1,884,492
Expenses
$184,074 - $401,619
$3,005,737 - $6,185,731
$16,042,032 - $33,258,764
$1,451,679 - $2,317,304
Observations
58
80
34
172
D-105
Table D.28 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.29. Average Budgeted and Actual Net Revenue (Calculated)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Parameter
Average Net Revenue by Population Served (Dollars)
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Budgeted Net
Revenue
$99,987
$32,776 - $167,197
$1,287,541
$572,923 - $2,002,160
$10,827,987
$1,790,724 - $19,865,250
$687,078
$334,492 - $1,039,665
Actual Net
Revenue
$91,280
$26,662 - $155,898
$1,426,361
$680,355 - $2,172,367
$11,839,642
$2,932,919 - $20,746,365
$739,778
$389,975 - $1,089,582
Observations
58
80
34
172
D-106
Table D.29 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.30. Percentage of Utilities with a Deficit/Loss, and Total Deficit/Loss at Those Utilities (Calculated)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals

Utility Deficits by Population Served (Dollars in Millions)
Parameter
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Percentage of Utilities
18%
21%
17%
19%
with Deficit/Loss
10% -31%
13% -32%
8% - 34%
12% - 29%
Total Deficit/Loss
$92.4
$442.3
$128.3
$663.0
(Utilities with Deficit/Loss)
$18.3 -$166.5
-$106.0 -$990.6
$24.5 -$232.2
$106.6 - $1,219.4
Observations
58
80
34
172
D-107
Table D.30 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.31. Average Difference between Actual and Budgeted Net Revenue, Percentage of Utilities with a Shortfall, and Total Shortfall at Those Utilities (Calculated)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Parameter
Difference between Actual and Budgeted Net Revenue by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Average Difference in Net
Revenue (Actual Minus
Budgeted Net Revenue)
-$8,707
-$67,336 - $49,922
$138,820
-$164,368 - $442,008
$1,011,655
-$134,255 - $2,157,565
$52,700
-$27,440 - $132,840
Percentage of Utilities with
Shortfall
40%
28%- 54%
39%
26% - 55%
23%
11%- 41%
40%
29% - 51%
Total Shortfall in Utilities with
Shortfall (Millions of Dollars)
$458.8
$81.0 - $836.6
$583.9
$169.9 - $997.9
$263.9
$30.6 - $497.2
$1,306.6
$718.2 - $1,895.0
Observations
58
80
34
172
D-108
Table D.31 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.32. Question D.1.2: Your answers indicate that actual operating revenue was lower than budgeted during the January to present
period. What COVID-19-related factors contributed to this?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Factor
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Nonpayment
of bills
Mean Score
(Oto 2)
0.85
0.58 - 1.12
0.69
0.42 - 0.96
0.99
0.65 - 1.33
0.83
0.61 - 1.06
Not a Contributor
(0)
40.1%
25.6% - 56.7%
43.3%
28.5% - 59.4%
22.8%
8.2% - 49.6%
39.9%
27.6% - 53.5%
Contributor (1)
31.1%
18.1% - 47.9%
26.9%
15.2% - 42.9%
45.6%
23.5% - 69.6%
31.0%
20.1% - 44.7%
Significant
Contributor (2)
25.5%
13.9% - 42.2%
16.3%
7.5% - 31.8%
22.0%
9.2% - 44.0%
24.0%
14.2% - 37.5%
Do Not Know
3.3%
0.6% - 16.3%
13.5%
5.7% - 28.7%
9.6%
1.4% - 43.9%
5.1%
2.0% - 12.7%
Decreased use
Mean Score
(Oto 2)
0.35
0.13 - 0.57
0.42
0.21 - 0.63
0.59
0.25 - 0.94
0.37
0.19 - 0.56
Not a Contributor
(0)
75.5%
59.3% - 86.7%
56.9%
40.8% - 71.6%
50.0%
26.9% - 73.1%
71.6%
59.0% - 81.6%
Contributor (1)
12.9%
5.5% - 27.4%
22.9%
12.2% - 38.9%
27.2%
10.9% - 53.2%
15.0%
8.2% - 26.0%
Significant
Contributor (2)
11.1%
4.2% - 26.4%
6.7%
2.0% - 19.7%
13.2%
4.2% - 34.5%
10.5%
4.6% - 22.5%
Do Not Know
0.5%
0.1% - 3.5%
13.5%
5.7% - 28.7%
9.6%
1.4% - 43.9%
2.9%
1.4% - 5.6%
D-109
Table D.32 Page 1 of 2

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Table D.32. Question D.1.2: Your answers indicate that actual operating revenue was lower than budgeted during the January to present
period. What COVID-19-related factors contributed to this?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals


Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Factor
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Reduction in
Mean Score
0.03
0.14
0.15
0.05
rates/fees
(Oto 2)
-0.03 - 0.08
-0.02 - 0.31
-0.06 - 0.35
0.00 - 0.10

Not a Contributor
96.7%
86.5%
81.6%
94.5%

(0)
83.7% - 99.4%
71.3% - 94.3%
53.8% - 94.4%
87.1% - 97.8%

Contributor (1)
2.8%
2.7%
4.4%
2.8%


0.4% - 17.7%
0.4% - 17.0%
0.6% - 26.0%
0.6% - 12.9%

Significant
0.0%
5.4%
4.4%
1.0%

Contributor (2)
N/A - N/A
1.4% - 19.3%
0.6% - 26.0%
0.3% - 3.2%

Do Not Know
0.5%
5.4%
9.6%
1.6%


0.1% - 3.5%
1.4% - 19.3%
1.4% - 43.9%
0.6% - 4.2%
Observations

41
38
18
97
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-110
Table D.32 Page 2 of 2

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Table D.33. Question D.1.3: Your answers indicate that actual operating expenses were higher than budgeted during the January to present
period. What COVID-19-related factors contributed?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals


Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Factor
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Personnel Costs
Mean Score
0.39
0.56
0.97
0.44

(Oto 2)
0.09 - 0.70
0.10 - 1.03
0.22 - 1.73
0.19 - 0.70

Not a Contributor
60.7%
56.2%
34.3%
58.9%

(0)
30.0% - 84.7%
29.0% - 80.1%
4.8% - 84.5%
34.0% - 79.9%

Contributor (1)
39.3%
19.7%
34.3%
35.8%


15.3% - 70.0%
5.8% - 49.5%
4.8% - 84.5%
16.1% - 61.9%

Significant
0.0%
16.1%
31.4%
4.0%

Contributor (2)
N/A - N/A
3.8% - 47.8%
7.3% - 72.8%
1.4% - 10.4%

Do Not Know
0.0%
8.0%
0.0%
1.4%


N/A - N/A
1.0% - 42.1%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 9.3%
Consumables
Mean Score
0.70
1.00
0.97
0.76

(Oto 2)
0.30 - 1.10
0.75 - 1.25
0.22 - 1.73
0.44 - 1.08

Not a Contributor
39.3%
8.0%
34.3%
33.8%

(0)
15.3% - 70.0%
1.0% - 42.1%
4.8% - 84.5%
14.6% - 60.4%

Contributor (1)
51.3%
75.9%
34.3%
54.8%


23.2% - 78.6%
45.1% - 92.4%
4.8% - 84.5%
30.5% - 77.0%

Significant
9.4%
8.0%
31.4%
10.0%

Contributor (2)
1.2% - 48.0%
1.0% - 42.1%
7.3% - 72.8%
2.1% - 37.1%

Do Not Know
0.0%
8.0%
0.0%
1.4%


N/A - N/A
1.0% - 42.1%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 9.3%
D-111
Table D.33 Page 1 of 2

-------
Table D.33. Question D.1.3: Your answers indicate that actual operating expenses were higher than budgeted during the January to present
period. What COVID-19-related factors contributed?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
January to the Present
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals


Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Factor
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Utilities Costs
Mean Score
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.31

(Oto 2)
0.00 - 0.62
0.05 - 0.59
-0.19 - 0.87
0.07 - 0.56

Not a Contributor
62.4%
67.9%
65.7%
63.4%

(0)
31.1% - 85.9%
38.3% - 87.8%
15.5% - 95.2%
37.5% - 83.4%

Contributor (1)
28.2%
32.1%
34.3%
29.1%


8.8% - 61.6%
12.2% - 61.7%
4.8% - 84.5%
11.8% - 55.7%

Significant
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%

Contributor (2)
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A

Do Not Know
9.4%
0.0%
0.0%
7.4%


1.2% - 48.0%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.9% - 40.6%
PPE
Mean Score
0.32
0.83
0.63
0.41

(Oto 2)
0.03 - 0.60
0.49 - 1.17
-0.13 - 1.39
0.17 - 0.65

Not a Contributor
68.3%
24.1%
68.6%
60.8%

(0)
36.5% - 89.0%
7.6% - 54.9%
27.2% - 92.7%
37.0% - 80.4%

Contributor (1)
31.7%
59.9%
0.0%
35.2%


11.0% - 63.5%
31.7% - 82.7%
N/A - N/A
16.4% - 60.1%

Significant
0.0%
8.0%
31.4%
2.6%

Contributor (2)
N/A - N/A
1.0% - 42.1%
7.3% - 72.8%
0.8% - 8.1%

Do Not Know
0.0%
8.0%
0.0%
1.4%


N/A - N/A
1.0% - 42.1%
N/A - N/A
0.2% - 9.3%
Observations

14
13
4
31
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-112
Table D.33 Page 2 of 2

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Table D.34. Question D.2.1: Do you expect your financial situation for the remainder of the year to improve, to worsen, or to stay about the
same, compared with the January to present timeframe?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Value
Type
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Operating
Revenue
Mean Score (0 to 2)
1.03
0.97 - 1.10
1.02
0.96 - 1.08
1.05
0.95 - 1.14
1.03
0.98 - 1.08
Improve (0)
7.6%
4.8% - 12.0%
8.5%
5.6% - 12.7%
7.9%
3.5% - 16.5%
7.8%
5.3% - 11.3%
Stay About the Same
(1)
68.8%
62.3% - 74.6%
70.3%
64.1% - 75.9%
74.1%
63.1% - 82.8%
69.2%
63.9% - 74.1%
Worsen (2)
10.4%
7.0% - 15.2%
10.2%
7.0% - 14.6%
12.4%
7.1% - 20.6%
10.4%
7.5% - 14.3%
Do Not Know
13.2%
9.2% - 18.4%
11.0%
7.6% - 15.6%
5.6%
2.7% - 11.2%
12.6%
9.3% - 16.8%
Operating
Expenses
Mean Score (0 to 2)
1.09
1.04 - 1.15
1.01
0.96 - 1.05
1.02
0.94 - 1.09
1.08
1.03 - 1.12
Improve (0)
2.0%
0.8% - 5.1%
5.5%
3.2% - 9.2%
6.0%
2.3% - 14.8%
2.7%
1.5% - 4.9%
Stay About the Same
(1)
72.4%
66.0% - 78.0%
81.3%
75.8% - 85.7%
85.6%
76.4% - 91.6%
74.3%
69.0% - 78.9%
Worsen (2)
10.0%
6.7% - 14.9%
6.2%
3.8% - 9.9%
7.5%
4.0% - 13.6%
9.3%
6.5% - 13.2%
Do Not Know
15.5%
11.2% - 21.0%
7.1%
4.5% - 11.0%
0.9%
0.2% - 5.0%
13.7%
10.2% - 18.1%
Observations

236
217
85
538
D-113
Table D.34 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.35. Question D.2.2: To what COVID-19-related factors do you attribute the worsening outlook for operating revenue in the remainder of 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Factor
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Nonpayment
of bills
Mean Score (0 to 2)
1.18
0.81 - 1.56
1.36
1.09 - 1.62
0.91
0.42 - 1.41
1.20
0.90 - 1.50
Not a Contributor (0)
26.5%
11.8% - 49.3%
9.0%
2.2% - 30.1%
33.7%
12.5% - 64.6%
24.0%
11.9% - 42.5%
Contributor (1)
24.7%
10.4% - 47.9%
46.5%
27.7% - 66.4%
27.2%
8.5% - 60.1%
28.3%
15.4% - 46.0%
Significant Contributor
(2)
44.0%
24.6% - 65.4%
44.5%
26.0% - 64.7%
26.0%
9.6% - 53.9%
43.1%
27.1% - 60.7%
Do Not Know
4.9%
0.6% - 29.3%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
13.0%
3.1% - 41.0%
4.6%
0.8% - 22.1%
Decreased use
Mean Score (0 to 2)
0.43
0.11 - 0.75
0.75
0.43 - 1.07
0.71
0.36 - 1.06
0.50
0.25 - 0.76
Not a Contributor (0)
61.0%
39.1% - 79.2%
46.9%
28.0% - 66.8%
33.7%
12.5% - 64.6%
57.4%
40.1% - 73.0%
Contributor (1)
19.3%
7.8% - 40.3%
31.0%
15.7% - 52.1%
53.3%
25.9% - 78.8%
22.9%
12.3% - 38.5%
Significant Contributor
(2)
9.9%
2.4% - 33.0%
22.1%
9.7% - 42.8%
6.5%
0.9% - 35.7%
11.6%
4.3% - 27.6%
Do Not Know
9.9%
2.4% - 33.0%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
6.5%
0.9% - 35.7%
8.1%
2.1% - 26.8%
D-114
Table D.35 Page 1 of 2

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Table D.35. Question D.2.2: To what COVID-19-related factors do you attribute the worsening outlook for operating revenue in the remainder of 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals


Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Factor
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Reduction in
Mean Score (0 to 2)
0.12
0.40
0.26
0.18
rates/fees

-0.11 - 0.34
0.16 - 0.64
-0.04 - 0.56
-0.01 - 0.36

Not a Contributor (0)
80.3%
64.5%
80.5%
77.8%


57.0% - 92.6%
43.5% - 81.1%
52.5% - 93.9%
60.2% - 89.0%

Contributor (1)
0.0%
31.0%
13.0%
5.6%


N/A - N/A
15.7% - 52.1%
3.1% - 41.0%
3.1% - 10.0%

Significant Contributor
4.9%
4.5%
6.5%
4.9%

(2)
0.6% - 29.3%
0.6% - 26.5%
0.9% - 35.7%
1.0% - 21.6%

Do Not Know
14.8%
0.0%
0.0%
11.7%


4.7% - 38.0%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
3.8% - 30.9%
Observations

26
25
13
64
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-115
Table D.35 Page 2 of 2

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Table D.36. Question D.2.3: To what COVID-19-related factors do you attribute the worsening outlook for operating expenses in the remainder of 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals


Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Factor
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Personnel
Mean Score (0 to 2)
0.54
1.11
1.13
0.62
Costs

0.20 - 0.88
0.75 - 1.48
0.55 - 1.70
0.32 - 0.92

Not a Contributor
58.4%
18.3%
25.0%
53.3%

(0)
36.5% - 77.4%
5.4% - 46.8%
5.8% - 64.5%
34.8% - 70.9%

Contributor (1)
22.1%
52.0%
37.5%
25.7%


9.2% - 44.4%
26.5% - 76.5%
11.6% - 73.2%
13.2% - 44.0%

Significant
14.6%
29.7%
37.5%
16.8%

Contributor (2)
4.6% - 37.8%
11.2% - 58.7%
11.6% - 73.2%
6.9% - 35.5%

Do Not Know
4.9%
0.0%
0.0%
4.2%


0.6% - 29.1%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.6% - 25.9%
Consumables
Mean Score (0 to 2)
1.11
1.41
0.88
1.13


0.73 - 1.49
1.06 - 1.75
0.30 - 1.45
0.81 - 1.46

Not a Contributor
25.2%
7.4%
37.5%
23.7%

(0)
10.9% - 48.3%
1.0% - 40.0%
11.6% - 73.2%
11.0% - 44.0%

Contributor (1)
30.1%
44.6%
37.5%
31.8%


14.1% - 53.1%
21.0% - 70.9%
11.6% - 73.2%
17.0% - 51.6%

Significant
35.0%
48.0%
25.0%
36.0%

Contributor (2)
17.5% - 57.7%
23.5% - 73.5%
5.8% - 64.5%
20.1% - 55.8%

Do Not Know
9.7%
0.0%
0.0%
8.4%


2.3% - 32.8%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
2.0% - 29.0%
D-116
Table D.36 Page 1 of 2

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Table D.36. Question D.2.3: To what COVID-19-related factors do you attribute the worsening outlook for operating expenses in the remainder of 2020?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Present to December
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Factor
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Utilities
Costs
Mean Score (0 to 2)
0.63
0.33 - 0.94
0.97
0.48 - 1.45
0.13
-0.12 - 0.37
0.65
0.39 - 0.92
Not a Contributor
(0)
44.7%
24.9% - 66.4%
40.6%
18.3% - 67.5%
87.5%
43.2% - 98.5%
45.5%
27.6% - 64.5%
Contributor (1)
40.7%
21.8% - 62.8%
22.3%
7.0% - 52.1%
12.5%
1.5% - 56.8%
38.0%
21.5% - 57.9%
Significant
Contributor (2)
9.7%
2.3% - 32.8%
37.2%
15.8% - 65.0%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
12.3%
4.5% - 29.7%
Do Not Know
4.9%
0.6% - 29.1%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
4.2%
0.6% - 25.9%
PPE
Mean Score (0 to 2)
0.49
0.18 - 0.80
1.18
0.82 - 1.55
0.75
0.26 - 1.24
0.57
0.30 - 0.84
Not a Contributor
(0)
59.3%
37.2% - 78.2%
14.9%
3.5% - 45.4%
37.5%
11.6% - 73.2%
54.0%
35.4% - 71.6%
Contributor (1)
25.2%
10.9% - 48.3%
52.0%
26.5% - 76.5%
50.0%
18.7% - 81.3%
28.7%
15.0% - 48.0%
Significant
Contributor (2)
10.6%
2.8% - 32.7%
33.1%
13.5% - 61.2%
12.5%
1.5% - 56.8%
13.0%
5.0% - 30.0%
Do Not Know
4.9%
0.6% - 29.1%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.0%
N/A - N/A
4.2%
0.6% - 25.9%
Observations

23
14
8
45
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-117
Table D.36 Page 2 of 2

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Table D.37. Question D.3.1: If your organization has experienced or anticipates a decrease in cash flow due to COVID-19, what mitigating
actions are you taking or planning? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served

< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Drawing down days cash
12.3%
9.2%
16.9%
12.0%
on hand
8.4% - 17.9%
6.1% - 13.7%
10.4% - 26.4%
8.7% - 16.4%
Drawing on reserve
26.9%
33.7%
32.0%
28.2%
funds
21.1% - 33.6%
27.1% - 41.1%
21.8% - 44.4%
23.3% - 33.7%
Delaying maintenance
22.5%
25.8%
16.9%
22.8%

17.1% - 29.0%
19.7% - 33.1%
10.4% - 26.4%
18.3% - 28.1%
Reducing statt hours
8.3%
4.6%
3.0%
7.5%

5.1% - 13.2%
2.6% - 8.2%
1.1% - 7.9%
4.9% - 11.4%
Reducing staff pay and/or
1.6%
4.9%
4.1%
2.3%
benefits
0.5% - 5.0%
2.7% - 8.6%
1.3% - 12.1%
1.1% - 4.5%
Laying off staff
2.7%
3.2%
1.0%
2.8%

1.2% - 6.4%
1.6% - 6.3%
0.2% - 5.3%
1.4% - 5.5%
Incurring additional debt
4.5%
5.6%
3.9%
4.7%

2.3% - 8.6%
3.3% - 9.3%
1.6% - 9.2%
2.8% - 7.8%
Refinancing debt and/or
4.5%
3.2%
6.9%
4.4%
deferring debt payments
2.3% - 8.6%
1.6% - 6.3%
3.5% - 13.1%
2.5% - 7.5%
Delaying/canceling capital
25.5%
39.3%
34.0%
28.1%
improvement projects
19.8% - 32.2%
32.4% - 46.6%
23.3% - 46.6%
23.2% - 33.5%
Adjusting rates higher than
8.1%
10.0%
5.1%
8.3%
originally planned
5.0% - 12.9%
6.7% - 14.7%
1.9% - 12.9%
5.6% - 12.1%
Not applicable (no
47.3%
36.7%
37.1%
45.2%
decrease in cash flow)
40.3% - 54.4%
30.0% - 44.1%
22.3% - 54.7%
39.5% - 51.1%
Observations
210
202
80
492
D-118
Table D.37 Page 1 fo 1

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Table D.38. Question D.3.2: What type of impact do you think these actions are making or will make in mitigating the decrease in
your organization's cash flow?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Action
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Drawing down
days cash
on hand
Mean Score (1 to
2)
1.17
1.00 - 1.35
1.28
1.05 - 1.52
1.07
0.94 - 1.19
1.18
1.03 - 1.33
Small Impact (1)
68.0%
46.2% - 84.0%
52.7%
31.0% - 73.3%
82.5%
57.0% - 94.4%
66.8%
48.9% - 80.9%
Large Impact (2)
14.2%
4.8% - 35.4%
20.8%
8.2% - 43.5%
5.8%
0.8% - 32.2%
14.6%
6.0% - 31.2%
Do Not Know
17.8%
6.7% - 39.8%
26.6%
11.3% - 50.6%
11.6%
2.9% - 37.0%
18.6%
8.5% - 36.0%
Observations
25
21
16
62
Drawing on
reserve funds
Mean Score (1 to
2)
1.28
1.14 - 1.42
1.33
1.19 - 1.46
1.41
1.20 - 1.62
1.29
1.18 - 1.41
Small Impact (1)
55.4%
41.5% - 68.5%
55.0%
41.8% - 67.6%
49.7%
32.0% - 67.5%
55.1%
44.1% - 65.6%
Large Impact (2)
21.3%
12.1% - 34.9%
26.8%
17.4% - 39.1%
34.9%
19.3% - 54.6%
23.0%
15.3% - 33.1%
Do Not Know
23.2%
13.5% - 37.0%
18.1%
10.6% - 29.3%
15.4%
6.6% - 31.7%
21.9%
14.1% - 32.4%
Observations
59
67
29
155
Delaying
maintenance
Mean Score (1 to
2)
1.26
1.12 - 1.41
1.34
1.15 - 1.53
1.26
1.04 - 1.49
1.28
1.16 - 1.40
Small Impact (1)
61.1%
45.7% - 74.6%
57.7%
40.7% - 73.0%
65.1%
40.3% - 83.7%
60.6%
48.0% - 71.8%
Large Impact (2)
21.8%
11.9% - 36.5%
30.1%
15.7% - 49.8%
23.3%
8.9% - 48.4%
23.4%
14.6% - 35.2%
Do Not Know
17.1%
8.3% - 32.0%
12.3%
5.7% - 24.3%
11.6%
2.9% - 36.4%
16.1%
8.7% - 27.7%
Observations
51
52
16
119
D-119
Table D.38 Page 1 of 4

-------
Table D.38. Question D.3.2: What type of impact do you think these actions are making or will make in mitigating the decrease in
your organization's cash flow?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Action
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served


< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Reducing staff
Mean Score (1 to
1.44
1.25
1.00
1.42
hours
2)
1.09 - 1.79
0.75 - 1.75
N/A - N/A
1.10 - 1.73

Small Impact (1)
33.7%
31.7%
100.0%
34.5%


14.3% - 60.8%
9.7% - 66.7%
N/A - N/A
16.4% - 58.5%

Large Impact (2)
26.5%
10.6%
0.0%
24.5%


9.8% - 54.5%
1.3% - 52.2%
N/A - N/A
9.6% - 49.9%

Do Not Know
39.8%
57.7%
0.0%
41.0%


18.3% - 66.1%
25.8% - 84.3%
N/A - N/A
21.1% - 64.4%

Observations
16
10
3
29
Reducing staff
Mean Score (1 to
1.67
1.00
1.00
1.46
pay and/or
2)
0.97 - 2.36
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
0.98 - 1.94
benefits
Small Impact (1)
33.3%
60.0%
76.1%
45.7%


2.3% - 91.5%
27.3% - 85.7%
13.4% - 98.5%
13.6% - 81.7%

Large Impact (2)
66.7%
0.0%
0.0%
38.6%


8.5% - 97.7%
N/A - N/A
N/A - N/A
10.6% - 76.9%

Do Not Know
0.0%
40.0%
23.9%
15.8%


N/A - N/A
14.3% - 72.7%
1.5% - 86.6%
6.8% - 32.5%

Observations
3
10
3
16
Laying off staff
Mean Score (1 to
1.67
1.81
1.00
1.67

2)
0.96 - 2.37
1.49 - 2.13
N/A - N/A
1.07 - 2.27

Small Impact (1)
20.0%
7.1%
100.0%
18.6%


1.9% - 76.2%
1.0% - 36.9%
N/A - N/A
2.6% - 66.3%

Large Impact (2)
40.0%
31.0%
0.0%
37.8%


7.7% - 84.3%
6.4% - 74.6%
N/A - N/A
9.7% - 77.4%

Do Not Know
40.0%
61.9%
0.0%
43.6%


7.7% - 84.3%
22.3% - 90.2%
N/A - N/A
12.9% - 80.1%

Observations
5
7
1
13
D-120
Table D.38 Page 2 of 4

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Table D.38. Question D.3.2: What type of impact do you think these actions are making or will make in mitigating the decrease in
your organization's cash flow?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Action
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Incurring
additional debt
Mean Score (1 to
2)
1.77
1.29 - 2.24
1.27
0.93 - 1.61
2.00
N/A - N/A
1.66
1.30 - 2.02
Small Impact (1)
12.1%
1.4% - 57.1%
47.2%
21.8% - 74.2%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
18.6%
5.9% - 45.5%
Large Impact (2)
39.5%
12.9% - 74.2%
17.6%
4.1% - 51.6%
50.0%
10.8% - 89.2%
35.6%
14.0% - 65.1%
Do Not Know
48.4%
17.8% - 80.2%
35.2%
13.3% - 65.7%
50.0%
10.8% - 89.2%
45.9%
20.9% - 73.0%
Observations
10
13
4
27
Refinancing debt
and/or
deferring debt
payments
Mean Score (1 to
2)
1.70
1.22 - 2.18
1.33
0.86 - 1.79
1.14
0.86 - 1.42
1.59
1.23 - 1.96
Small Impact (1)
15.3%
2.6% - 54.7%
46.5%
14.0% - 82.2%
85.7%
38.2% - 98.3%
23.1%
8.5% - 49.2%
Large Impact (2)
36.3%
10.9% - 72.7%
22.6%
4.3% - 65.3%
14.3%
1.7% - 61.8%
33.4%
11.7% - 65.5%
Do Not Know
48.4%
17.7% - 80.4%
31.0%
6.8% - 73.5%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
43.5%
18.1% - 72.8%
Observations
10
7
7
24
Delaying/
canceling capital
improvement
projects
Mean Score (1 to
2)
1.46
1.30 - 1.61
1.31
1.18 - 1.43
1.39
1.20 - 1.59
1.42
1.30 - 1.54
Small Impact (1)
46.3%
32.6% - 60.5%
54.0%
41.5% - 66.1%
49.7%
32.7% - 66.9%
48.3%
37.8% - 59.0%
Large Impact (2)
38.6%
25.9% - 53.1%
23.7%
15.6% - 34.4%
32.4%
18.2% - 50.7%
34.8%
25.3% - 45.7%
Do Not Know
15.1%
7.3% - 28.6%
22.2%
14.3% - 32.9%
17.9%
7.5% - 37.0%
16.9%
10.5% - 26.1%
Observations
53
82
31
166
D-121
Table D.38 Page 3 of 4

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Table D.38. Question D.3.2: What type of impact do you think these actions are making or will make in mitigating the decrease in
your organization's cash flow?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Action
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served


< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Adjusting rates
Mean Score (1 to
1.64
1.54
1.81
1.62
higher than
2)
1.30 - 1.97
1.30 - 1.78
1.41 - 2.21
1.37 - 1.86
originally
Small Impact (1)
21.6%
39.1%
19.3%
25.0%
planned

7.2% - 49.6%
20.6% - 61.4%
1.8% - 75.4%
11.7% - 45.7%

Large Impact (2)
37.7%
46.2%
80.7%
40.4%


17.1% - 63.9%
26.2% - 67.6%
24.6% - 98.2%
22.7% - 61.0%

Do Not Know
40.7%
14.7%
0.0%
34.6%


19.0% - 66.8%
4.7% - 37.7%
N/A - N/A
17.7% - 56.6%

Observations
18
21
4
43
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-122
Table D.38 Page 4 of 4

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Table D.39. Question D.4: Which of the following is your organization considering regarding capital infrastructure projects due to
COVID-19? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Changes
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Not applicable (no projects planned)
37.4%
31.1% - 44.2%
8.1%
5.3% - 12.3%
4.0%
1.3% - 11.8%
31.6%
26.5% - 37.2%
No changes to current or planned projects
34.8%
28.6% - 41.5%
55.0%
47.9% - 61.8%
44.3%
31.5% - 57.9%
38.3%
33.1% - 43.8%
Pausing/slowing a project for which
construction has begun
3.5%
1.7% - 7.2%
9.5%
5.3% - 16.6%
8.7%
4.8% - 15.3%
4.7%
2.9% - 7.5%
Delaying starting a project
9.9%
6.5% - 14.8%
20.2%
15.5% - 25.8%
25.3%
16.9% - 36.0%
12.1%
9.1% - 15.9%
Accelerating starting a project
3.1%
1.4% - 6.6%
1.1%
0.4% - 3.4%
17.5%
5.3% - 44.3%
3.3%
1.8% - 6.1%
Reducing the scope or funding for a project
which construction has begun
1.1%
0.3% - 3.8%
3.5%
1.8% - 6.6%
4.8%
2.2% - 10.3%
1.6%
0.8% - 3.3%
Increasing the scope or funding for a project
(current or planned)
1.5%
0.5% - 4.5%
3.0%
1.5% - 6.0%
3.9%
1.6% - 9.0%
1.8%
0.8% - 3.9%
Delaying applying for a subsidized loan/grant
by at least six months
1.2%
0.4% - 3.8%
2.3%
1.0% - 4.9%
3.1%
0.8% - 11.4%
1.4%
0.6% - 3.2%
Accelerating interest in applying for a
subsidized loan/grant for a shovel-ready
project
1.1%
0.3% - 3.8%
4.4%
2.5% - 7.8%
4.8%
2.2% - 10.3%
1.8%
0.9% - 3.5%
Other
4.2%
2.2% - 8.0%
2.1%
0.9% - 4.8%
1.9%
0.6% - 6.4%
3.8%
2.1% - 6.8%
Do not know
5.7%
3.3% - 9.9%
4.2%
2.3% - 7.6%
1.9%
0.6% - 6.4%
5.4%
3.3% - 8.6%
Observations
229
213
82
524
D-123	Table D.39 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.40. Question D.5: In response to COVID-19, what actions has your organization taken to help alleviate economic impacts on
customers? (select all that apply)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Actions
Percentage Reporting by Population Served

< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Suspended service
43.5%
52.5%
47.8%
45.0%
shutoffs
37.0% - 50.2%
45.5% - 59.4%
33.9% - 62.1%
39.6% - 50.6%
Waived late payment fees
34.6%
35.6%
31.8%
34.7%

28.6% - 41.2%
29.2% - 42.6%
21.9% - 43.7%
29.6% - 40.1%
Provided extensions on
39.1%
42.8%
35.6%
39.6%
bill payment
32.8% - 45.8%
36.1% - 49.8%
24.9% - 47.9%
34.3% - 45.1%
Expanded customer
5.6%
12.6%
19.1%
7.1%
assistance programs
3.2% - 9.6%
9.0% - 17.4%
12.2% - 28.6%
4.9% - 10.2%
Expanded water
0.0%
2.3%
2.8%
0.5%
conservation programs
N/A - N/A
1.0% - 5.2%
1.0% - 7.5%
0.2% - 0.9%
Delayed or eliminated
4.6%
11.5%
14.2%
6.0%
planned rate adjustment
2.5% - 8.3%
8.1% - 16.2%
8.8% - 22.1%
4.0% - 8.8%
Lowered rates
0.0%
0.5%
11.3%
0.5%

N/A - N/A
0.1% - 2.9%
1.8% - 47.1%
0.1% - 2.4%
Other
1.0%
2.1%
5.9%
1.3%

0.2% - 3.8%
0.9% - 4.7%
2.5% - 13.3%
0.6% - 3.1%
None (no actions taken)
31.7%
18.7%
20.2%
29.3%

25.8% - 38.3%
14.2% - 24.2%
12.9% - 30.4%
24.4% - 34.7%
Do not know
7.6%
16.6%
9.6%
9.1%

4.7% - 12.0%
11.4% - 23.5%
5.1% - 17.5%
6.5% - 12.6%
Observations
236
215
84
535
N/A: confidence interval cou
d not be calculated.
D-124
Table D.40 Page 1 of 1

-------
Table D.41. Question El: What COVID-19-related conditions have interfered with your organization's ability to complete the required sampling
needed to operate your system and to determine compliance with regulations?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Response
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Lack of available personnel
1.7%
5.7%
10.6%
2.7%
for sample collection
0.6% - 4.5%
3.4% - 9.4%
6.1% - 17.8%
1.5% - 4.5%
Lack of available supplies
1.2%
3.2%
0.0%
1.5%
for sampling and/or shipping
0.4% - 3.8%
1.6% - 6.3%
N/A - N/A
0.7% - 3.2%
Lack of available personal
1.2%
3.2%
5.0%
1.6%
protective equipment
0.4% - 3.8%
1.6% - 6.3%
1.9% - 12.6%
0.8% - 3.3%
Lack of access to approved
1.6%
6.2%
8.7%
2.6%
monitoring locations
0.5% - 4.5%
3.8% - 10.0%
4.8% - 15.3%
1.5% - 4.5%
Other
0.7%
2.3%
1.0%
0.9%

0.2% - 2.9%
1.0% - 5.2%
0.2% - 5.2%
0.4% - 2.3%
None
93.0%
83.9%
79.6%
91.1%

88.7% - 95.7%
78.7% - 88.1%
69.7% - 86.8%
87.8% - 93.5%
Do not know
1.0%
0.9%
1.0%
1.0%

0.3% - 3.8%
0.2% - 3.3%
0.2% - 5.2%
0.3% - 3.0%
Observations
233
216
82
531
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-125
Table D.41 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.42. Question E2: What COVID-19-related conditions have interfered with your organization's ability to complete required laboratory analyses
needed to operate your system and to determine compliance with regulations?
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Lack of available laboratory
personnel
1.8%
0.7% - 4.5%
6.2%
3.8% - 10.0%
15.3%
9.6% - 23.5%
2.9%
1.8% - 4.8%
Lack of available supplies for
sampling and/or shipping
0.6%
0.1% - 3.1%
1.8%
0.7% - 4.6%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.8%
0.3% - 2.3%
Lack of available personal
protective equipment
0.7%
0.2% - 2.9%
3.0%
1.5% - 6.0%
4.0%
1.3% - 11.7%
1.2%
0.5% - 2.5%
Internal laboratory capacity
shortages that delay timely analysis
0.5%
0.1% - 3.4%
0.5%
0.1% - 2.9%
5.7%
2.8% - 11.4%
0.7%
0.2% - 2.2%
Decreased access to external
laboratory services
1.5%
0.5% - 4.5%
2.5%
1.2% - 5.4%
4.8%
2.2% - 10.2%
1.8%
0.8% - 3.8%
Delays in external laboratory
services
4.6%
2.5% - 8.5%
4.2%
2.3% - 7.5%
6.7%
3.4% - 12.7%
4.6%
2.8% - 7.6%
Sample transport delays
2.2%
0.9% - 5.2%
3.7%
1.9% - 7.0%
2.9%
1.1% - 7.6%
2.4%
1.3% - 4.7%
Travel restrictions
1.1%
0.3% - 3.8%
0.9%
0.3% - 3.3%
3.8%
1.6% - 8.9%
1.2%
0.4% - 3.0%
Revenue interruption
1.1%
0.3% - 3.8%
0.2%
0.0% - 1.1%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
0.9%
0.3% - 3.0%
Other
0.0%
N/A - N/A
3.2%
1.6% - 6.4%
5.7%
2.8% - 11.4%
0.7%
0.4% - 1.2%
None
88.5%
83.5% - 92.1%
81.8%
76.4% - 86.2%
73.1%
62.2% - 81.7%
86.9%
82.9% - 90.1%
Do not know
2.1%
0.8% - 5.2%
1.4%
0.5% - 4.0%
1.0%
0.2% - 5.1%
1.9%
0.9% - 4.3%
Observations
233
215
83
531
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-126	Table D.42 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.43. Question Fl: Has your organization experienced any issues or concerns related to cybersecurity during the pandemic? (Yes/No)
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Response
Percentage Reportin
g by Population Served
< 10,000
10,000 - 99,999
100,000 or more
All
Percentage of Systems
with Cybersecurity Concerns
2.1%
0.8% - 5.1%
4.4%
2.4% - 7.7%
12.7%
7.3% - 21.3%
2.8%
1.6% - 4.9%
Observations
235
216
82
533
D-127
Table D.43 Page 1 of 1

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Table D.44. Gl. Looking ahead to the next several months, please indicate your level of concern about topics covered in this survey.
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Topics of
Concern
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
> 10,000
100,000 or more
All
Supply Chain
Mean Score
0.73
0.64 - 0.82
0.97
0.86 - 1.07
0.91
0.81 - 1.01
0.77
0.70 - 0.85
No Concern
36.6%
30.3% - 43.5%
19.4%
14.8% - 25.0%
14.9%
8.9% - 24.0%
33.1%
28.0% - 38.8%
Mild Concern
50.3%
43.5% - 57.1%
63.2%
55.7% - 70.2%
76.8%
65.6% - 85.2%
53.3%
47.6% - 58.9%
Serious
Concern
10.3%
6.9% - 15.2%
16.0%
10.1% - 24.4%
6.3%
2.4% - 15.6%
11.1%
8.0% - 15.1%
Do Not Know
2.7%
1.2% - 6.0%
1.4%
0.5% - 4.1%
2.0%
0.6% - 6.5%
2.5%
1.2% - 5.1%
Observations
228
209
80
517
Workforce
Mean Score
0.70
0.61 - 0.80
1.05
0.97 - 1.14
1.00
0.75 - 1.25
0.77
0.69 - 0.85
No Concern
41.7%
35.1% - 48.6%
20.5%
15.8% - 26.2%
24.2%
10.7% - 46.2%
37.7%
32.3% - 43.4%
Mild Concern
42.7%
36.0% - 49.6%
53.3%
46.4% - 60.1%
51.3%
37.0% - 65.4%
44.7%
39.2% - 50.3%
Serious
Concern
12.9%
9.0% - 18.3%
25.8%
20.5% - 31.8%
24.5%
16.1% - 35.4%
15.4%
12.0% - 19.6%
Do Not Know
2.7%
1.2% - 6.0%
0.5%
0.1% - 2.9%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
2.2%
1.0% - 4.9%
Observations
226
213
82
521
D-128
Table D.44 Page 1 of 3

-------
Table D.44. Gl. Looking ahead to the next several months, please indicate your level of concern about topics covered in this survey.
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Topics of
Concern
Response
Percentage Reporting by Population Served
< 10,000
> 10,000
100,000 or more
All
Financial
Mean Score
0.71
0.62 - 0.81
0.72
0.63 - 0.82
0.76
0.54 - 0.98
0.72
0.64 - 0.80
No Concern
42.5%
35.8% - 49.4%
38.6%
31.9% - 45.8%
36.7%
22.1% - 54.3%
41.7%
36.1% - 47.4%
Mild Concern
41.4%
34.7% - 48.3%
46.7%
39.7% - 53.8%
48.2%
34.3% - 62.3%
42.5%
37.0% - 48.2%
Serious
Concern
14.4%
10.2% - 20.0%
11.9%
8.3% - 16.6%
13.2%
7.3% - 22.7%
14.0%
10.5% - 18.4%
Do Not Know
1.7%
0.6% - 4.7%
2.9%
1.4% - 6.0%
2.0%
0.6% - 6.5%
1.9%
0.9% - 4.1%
Observations
223
208
80
511
Analytical Support
Mean Score
0.33
0.26 - 0.40
0.47
0.39 - 0.55
0.45
0.29 - 0.60
0.36
0.30 - 0.42
No Concern
66.2%
59.3% - 72.4%
55.5%
48.4% - 62.5%
59.5%
46.0% - 71.8%
64.2%
58.6% - 69.4%
Mild Concern
28.8%
22.9% - 35.5%
38.8%
32.0% - 46.0%
36.3%
25.0% - 49.5%
30.7%
25.7% - 36.1%
Serious
Concern
1.7%
0.6% - 4.7%
3.3%
1.7% - 6.6%
4.1%
1.3% - 12.1%
2.0%
1.0% - 4.2%
Do Not Know
3.3%
1.6% - 6.9%
2.4%
1.0% - 5.4%
0.0%
N/A - N/A
3.1%
1.6% - 5.9%
Observations
222
208
80
510
D-129
Table D.44 Page 2 of 3

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Table D.44. Gl. Looking ahead to the next several months, please indicate your level of concern about topics covered in this survey.
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Estimates and 95 Percent Confidence Intervals
Topics of

Percentage Reporting by Population Served
Concern
Response
< 10,000
> 10,000
100,000 or more
All
Cybersecurity
Mean Score
0.27
0.45
0.68
0.31


0.20 - 0.34
0.37 - 0.52
0.54 - 0.81
0.26 - 0.37

No Concern
72.7%
56.0%
39.9%
68.9%


66.2% - 78.4%
48.8% - 63.0%
28.0% - 53.2%
63.5% - 73.7%

Mild Concern
21.6%
39.7%
51.2%
25.6%


16.5% - 27.8%
32.8% - 46.9%
37.1% - 65.1%
21.1% - 30.6%

Serious
2.3%
1.9%
7.9%
2.4%

Concern
0.9% - 5.5%
0.8% - 4.8%
4.2% - 14.4%
1.2% - 4.8%

Do Not Know
3.4%
2.4%
1.0%
3.1%


1.6% - 7.0%
1.1% - 5.4%
0.2% - 5.3%
1.6% - 5.9%

Observations
222
206
80
508
N/A: confidence interval could not be calculated.
D-130
Table D.44 Page 3 of 3

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