South Dakota
Clean Watersheds Needs Survey 2008
The Clean Watersheds Needs
Survey (CWNS) is a comprehensive
assessment of needs1 to meet the water
quality and water-related public health
goals of the Clean Water Act (CWA).
States and the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) conduct the
CWNS every four years under CWA
Section 516 (b). South Dakota
documented needs totaling $122
million in 2008. This is a 20 percent
increase from the $ 102 million in needs
documented in 2004.	^-4
>
Documented Needs in South Dakota
Needs (2008 Dollars, Millions)
Type of Need
2004
2008
Percent Change
Wastewater treatment
$34
$48
41%
Pipe repair and new pipes
$45
$52
16%
Recycled water distribution
nra
nr
0%
Combined sewer overflow correction
$0
$0
0%
Total Wastewater Treatment Needs
$79
$100
27%
Conveyance infrastructure
n/a
$5
n/a
Treatment systems
n/a
$1
n/a
Green infrastmcture
n/a
nr
n/a
General stormwater management
$1
nr
-100%
Total Stormwater Management Needsb
$1
$6
355%.
Agriculture (cropland) best management practices (BMPs)
$5
<$0.5
-98%
Agriculture (animals) BMPs
$13
$7
-46%
Silviculture (forestry) BMPs
$4
nr
-100%
Ground water protection: unknown source BMPs
nr
nr
0%
Marinas BMPs
nr
nr
0%
Resource extraction BMPs
nr
nr
0%
Brownfields remediation
nr
nr
0%
Storage tank remediation
nr
nr
0%
Sanitary landfills BMPs
nr
nr
0%
Hydromodification (Water resource restoration and protection)
nr
$8
n/a
Other estuary management activities0
n/a
nr
n/a
Total Nonpoint Source Control NeedsM
$22
$16
-21%
Total Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Needsb'd
<$0.5
nr
-100%.
Total Needs
$102
$122
20%
aNot reported; Actual needs may be higher, since documenting these needs is difficult; °In 2004, Other Estuary Management
Needs were reported under Separate State Estimates (SSEs); dNot included in Official Needs in the Report to Congress.
( None reported
1 Documented needs in the CWNS include the unfunded capital costs of projects as of January 1, 2008 that address a water
quality or a water quality-related public health problem existing as of January 1, 2008, or expected to occur within the next 20
years; and meet the seven CWNS documentation criteria. All needs are in January 2008 dollars.

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South Dakota
Clean Watersheds Needs Survey 2008
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
The enactment of the Clean Water Act (CWA) in 1972 resulted in dramatic improvements in the:
•	Number of wastewater treatment plants.
•	Percentage of the population served by wastewater treatment plants.
•	Quality of effluent treatment from wastewater treatment facilities.
In 2008, 30% of South Dakota residents received centralized wastewater treatment services at the
secondary, advanced, or no discharge treatment level, compared to 31% in 1972.
Number of Centralized Treatment Facilities and Population Served
Number of Facilities
Population Served
%Total	%Total
Population	Population
Treatment Level
1972
2008
Projected"
1972
1972
2008
2008
Projected3
Less than Secondary
48
0
0
131,000
19
0
0
0
Secondary
21
14
13
88,000
13
211,643
27
309,473
Advanced
19
4
6
125,000
18
20,042
3
56,842
No Discharge
0
7
7
0
0
7,457
1
7,678
Total
88
25
26
344,000
50
239,142
30
373,993
a Number of facilities and population served if all needs documented in the CWNS 2008 are met.
Small Communities
In South Dakota, small community
wastewater facilities serve 8% of the
population and comprise 38% of total
wastewater treatment and collection
needs. EPA small community support
information is available at:
www. epa. gov/owm/mab/smcomm
Reported Needs for Facilities in Small Communities
Facilities

1 Needs (2008 Dollars, Millions)
Population 2004
2008
2004
2008
0-999 5
11
$2
$19
1,000-3,499 5
7
$8
$10
3,500-10,000 1
2
$9
$9
Total 11
20
$20
$38
Visit www.epa.gov/cwns for more information including:
•	Detailed Reports to Congress
•	Other state fact sheets
•	Maps, charts, and data downloads for projects, facilities, watersheds, counties, congressional
districts, cities, states, and regions

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