US Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pesticide Programs
Office of Pesticide Programs
Mic ro bio lo gy La bo ra to ry
Environmental Science Center, Ft. Meade, MD
Standard Operating Procedure for
Calibration and Maintenance of Thermometers and
Thermometer/Hygrometers
SOP Number: EQ-02-07
Date Revised: 09-26-14

-------
SOP No. EQ-02-07
Date Revised 09-26-14
Page 1 of 8
SOP Number
EQ-02-07
Title
Calibration and Maintenance of Thermometers and
Thermometer/Hygrometers
Scope
Describes thermometers and thermometer/hygrometers in use in the
laboratory, calibration requirements, and the procedure to point-
check thermometer accuracy.
Application
Thermometers, including digital thermometers, are used to measure
the temperature of autoclaves, water baths, incubators, refrigerators,
and freezers. Thermometer/hygrometers are used to measure the
temperature and humidity of laboratory rooms, incubators, and
sample storage areas.


Approval Date
SOP Developer:

Print Name:
SOP Reviewer

Print Name:
Quality Assurance Unit

Print Name:
Branch Chief

Print Name:


Date SOP issued:

Controlled copy
number:

Date SOP withdrawn:


-------
SOP No. EQ-02-07
Date Revised 09-26-14
Page 2 of 8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents	Page Number
1.
DEFINITIONS
3
2.
HEALTH AND SAFETY
3
3.
PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS AND TRAINING
3
4.
INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION
3
5.
SAMPLE HANDLING AND STORAGE
3
6.
QUALITY CONTROL
3
7.
INTERFERENCES
3
8. NON-CONFORMING DATA
3
9.
DATA MANAGEMENT
3
10.
CAUTIONS
4
11.
SPECIAL APPARATUS AND MATERIALS
5
12.
PROCEDURE AND ANALYSIS
6
13.
DATA ANALYSIS/CALCULATIONS
8
14.
FORMS AND DATA SHEETS
9
15.
REFERENCES
9

-------
SOP No. EQ-02-07
Date Revised 09-26-14
Page 3 of 8
1. Definitions
1.	ISO = International Organization for Standardization
2.	Vendor calibration = calibration by an ISO 17025 accredited vendor.
Abbreviations/definitions are provided in the text.
2. Health and
Safety
1.	The only mercury thermometers permitted in the laboratory are those which
are coated with teflon. The teflon coating reduces the likelihood that mercury
will be spilled in the event that the thermometer is broken.
2.	If a teflon-coated mercury in glass thermometer breaks (teflon remains
intact), place the thermometer in the chemical waste bin in the fume hood in
B209 for disposal. If the integrity of the teflon coating is questionable, call
the SHEM manager (or contact security at extension 52800 if SHEM
manager cannot be reached) immediately for assistance.
3. Personnel
Qualifications
and Training
Refer to SOP ADM-04, OPP Microbiology Laboratory Training.
4. Instrument
Calibration
1.	See section 11 for thermometers, digital thermometers, and
thermometer/hygrometers requiring vendor calibration annually.
2.	Calibration certificates/reports must contain the stamp of the accrediting
body (e.g., A2LA, NVLAP) and the calibration vendor certificate number.
5. Sample
Handling and
Storage
Not applicable
6. Quality
Control
For quality control purposes, the required information is documented on the
appropriate form(s) (see section 14).
7. Interferences
Allow the thermometer to equilibrate with the solutions before taking the
temperature reading.
8. Non-
conforming
Data
1.	On occasion, thermometers must be discarded (e.g., broken columns,
unreasonably large correction factor). Contact the facility Safety, Health,
and Environmental Management Program Manager for proper disposal
procedures.
2.	Procedures will be consistent with SOP ADM-07, Non-Conformance
Reports.
9. Data
Management
1.	Completed Point Check Calibration of Laboratory Thermometers Record
forms are archived in the Point-Check Calibration of Laboratory
Thermometers Record Book.
2.	An inventory of thermometers requiring vendor calibration will be
maintained electronically (see Sample Inventory of Thermometers Requiring

-------
SOP No. EQ-02-07
Date Revised 09-26-14
Page 4 of 8

Vendor Calibration). After each addition to or deletion from the inventory, a
hard copy of the inventory will be filed in the Thermometer and Hygrometer
Calibration Certificates notebook.
3.	Annual Thermometer Calibration Reports for vendor-calibrated
thermometers, including vendor-calibrated digital and liquid in glass
thermometers, Kessler maximum registration thermometers, and
thermometer/hygrometers, are stored in the Thermometer and Hygrometer
Calibration Certificates notebook.
4.	Data will be archived consistent with SOP ADM-03, Records and Archives.
10. Cautions
1.	Thermometers and thermometer/hygrometers requiring vendor calibration
(see section 11) are removed from service when the calibration expires (one
year from the date of calibration) and are returned to service when
recalibration is completed.
2.	Thermometers subjected to point-check may be used for one year, at which
time the point-check must be repeated.
3.	Analysts are not to attempt to clean up any spills of mercury from broken
teflon-coated autoclave thermometers. Call the SHEM manager (or contact
security at extension 52800 if SHEM manager cannot be reached)
immediately for assistance.
4.	During the point-check process (section 12.2), the temperature reading on the
verification thermometer must be within the range at which the thermometer
to be calibrated will be used or is being used (see SOP QC-05, Monitoring
Temperatures, for acceptable temperature ranges for equipment).

-------
SOP No, EQ-02-07
Date Revised 09-26-14
Page 5 of 8


i 1, Special




Apparatus :iiui
Materials

Thermometer Type
Use
Annual
Vendor
Calibration
Required
Point Check
Required


1. Verification
tlieniioiiieter/Liquid in
glass (one thermometer)
Used to verify the
accuracy of other
liquid in glass
thermometers (line
#6)
Yes
No*


2. Verification
thermometer Nlercuiy in
teflon-coaled glass (one
Kessler thermometer)
Used to verify the
accuracy of other
mercury in teflon-
coated glass
thermometers (line
#3)
Yes
No4


3, Kessler maximum
registration
thermometers 'Mercury in
teflon-coated glass
Used to verify
autoclave
temperatures
No
Yes: using
thermometer
m line -2


4. Digital thermometers
Used periodically to
measure temperature
of incubators,
refrigerators, and
freezers
Yes
No*


5. Thermometer/hygrometers
Used to measure
temperature and
humidity of
laboratory rooms,
incubators, and
sample storage areas
Yes
No*


6. Liquid in glass
thermometers
Used to measure the
temperature of water
baths, incubators,
refrigerators, and
freezers, including
FRIO-Temp
No
Yes: using
thermometer
in line ?!

-------
SOP No. EQ-02-07
Date Revised 09-26-14
Page 6 of 8


precision
thermometers


* Point-check of these units is not performed because they are vendor-
calibrated annually.
12. Procedure and
Analysis

12.1 Annual Vendor
Calibration
a.	Refer to section 11.
b.	Before the calibration expires, remove the thermometer from service.
c.	Consult ISO 17025 accredited vendor regarding quote for service,
packing/shipping instructions, and completion of any required forms
prior to shipping timers.
d.	Pack and ship thermometer to vendor.
e.	Once thermometer has been certified and shipped back to the
laboratory, file the certificate/record in the Thermometer and
Hygrometer Calibration Certificates notebook, and return the
thermometer to service.
f.	Thermometers that fail the calibration process are replaced.
12.2 Point-
Checking
Accuracy of
Thermometers
a.	Once a year, Kessler maximum registration thermometers and water
bath thermometers (liquid in glass) are checked at operating
temperatures against a similar type verification thermometer (see
section 11, #1 and #2). This is the point-check of thermometer
accuracy.
b.	The laboratory utilizes the Environmental Monitoring and Alarm
System (EMAS) (see SOP QC-05, Monitoring Environmental
Parameters) to collect environmental data electronically for incubators,
refrigerators, freezers, laboratories, and sample storage rooms. In the
event that EMAS is not working, the appropriate liquid in glass
thermometers will be point-checked against a verification liquid in glass
thermometer and employed to measure the temperature of incubators,
refrigerators, and freezers.
i.	As an alternative to conducting point-check of liquid in glass
thermometers in the event of an EMAS failure, digital
thermometers (section 11) may be used to measure the
temperature of incubators, refrigerators, and freezers.
ii.	Thermometer/hygrometers (section 11) may be used to monitor
the temperature/humidity of laboratories and sample storage

-------
SOP No. EQ-02-07
Date Revised 09-26-14
Page 7 of 8
areas in the event of an EMAS failure.
c.	All other liquid in glass thermometers in section 11 (e.g., incubator,
refrigerator, freezer thermometers, including FRIO-Temp Precision
Thermometers) are point-checked on an as-needed basis, depending
upon the functionality of the EMAS.
d.	Once a point-check is performed, thermometers may be used for one
year before the point-check must be repeated.
e.	To point-check the accuracy of the Kessler maximum registration
thermometers, place the thermometer to be checked and the verification
thermometer (mercury in teflon-coated glass; section 11 #2) side-by-
side in one of the laboratory's autoclaves and run a sterilization cycle
(e.g., gravity 15 minute cycle).
f.	To point-check the accuracy of FRIO-Temp Precision Thermometers,
place a flask of de-ionized water or ethanol next to the thermometer in
the incubator, refrigerator, or freezer. Place the liquid in glass
verification thermometer (section 11 #1) into the flask of de-ionized
water or ethanol. Once the de-ionized water or ethanol has reached the
temperature of interest, conduct the accuracy check. Neither the FRIO-
Temp Precision nor the verification thermometer may rest on the
bottom of their respective container/flask.
g.	To point-check the accuracy of liquid in glass thermometers other than
FRIO-Temp (e.g., water bath thermometers), use a water bathto
simultaneously immerse the liquid in glass verification thermometer
(section 11 #1) and the thermometer to be calibrated into the water bath
at the temperature of interest. Otherwise, point-checks are taken by
simultaneous immersion of the thermometers in a flask of deionized
water or ethanol and then placing the flask containing both
thermometers in the instrument being monitored until the deionized
water or ethanol reaches the temperature of interest. Thermometers may
not touch the bottom of the flask.
h.	Any difference in temperature readings between the verification
thermometer and the laboratory thermometer is recorded on the Point-
Check Calibration of Laboratory Thermometers Record Form (see
14.0).
i.	Add a label displaying the date of calibration and correction factor
(even if it is zero), around the top of the corresponding thermometer.
j. When routinely recording temperatures for the laboratory, laboratory
equipment, media etc., the observed temperature reading of the
thermometer read plus the correction factor for that specific	

-------
SOP No. EQ-02-07
Date Revised 09-26-14
Page 8 of 8

thermometer must be recorded.
k. Refer to the Point-Check Calibration of Laboratory Thermometers
Record Book to determine which thermometers are currently in use in
the laboratory.
13. Data Analysis/
Calculations
1.	The correction factor for the vendor calibrated verification thermometers is
determined by the accredited company that performs the calibration
verification for this thermometer. Consult the certificate for this value.
2.	Digital thermometers and thermometer/hygrometers are indicated to be
within tolerance. No correction factor is indicated on the calibration
certificates.
3.	Point-Check Process:
a.	The Check Point for both the verification thermometer and the
thermometer being calibrated = the reading on the verification
thermometer during the point-check process. The Observed
Temperature = the temperature reading of a thermometer during the
check point process.
b.	The True Temperature of the verification thermometer = Observed
Temperature + Correction Factor indicated on the certificate provided
by vendor. See section 13.1.
c.	Correction Factor for thermometer being point-checked = calculate by
subtracting its observed temperature from the true temperature of the
verification thermometer.
d.	The True Temperature of the laboratory thermometer being point-
checked = the Observed Temperature + Correction Factor for that
thermometer.
14. Forms and
Data Sheets
Forms are stored separately from the SOP under the following file names:
Point-Check Calibration of Laboratory EQ-02-07 Fl.docx
Thermometers Record Form
Sample Inventory of Thermometers Requiring EQ-02-07 F2.docx
Vendor Calibration
15. References
Operation manuals for thermometer/hygrometers are located in file cabinet in D-
wing.

-------