Revised 2023 and Later Model Year
Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas
Emissions Standards
By the Numbers
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Transportation is the single largest source of GHG emissions in the United
States, making up 29 percent of all emissions.
Passenger cars and trucks contribute 58 percent of all transportation sources
and 17 percent of total U.S. GHG emissions.
To address the urgent need to curb air pollution emissions from transportation,
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is finalizing aggressive greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions standards for passenger cars and light trucks for Model
Years (MY) 2023-2026.
The final program represents the most ambitious light-duty vehicle GHG
standards ever established and will...
o reach a projected industry-wide target of 161 grams C02 /mile, or 40
miles per gallon value on fuel economy window stickers in 20261.
¦	The final emission standards targets for 2023-2026 increase
in stringency by between 5-10 percent in each model year.
¦	The standards they replace increased in stringency by only
1.5 percent year over year.
¦	By MY2026 the final emissions targets are 47 grams of
C02 /mile lower than the standards they replace.
o result in 3.1 billion tons of avoided C02 emissions through 2050.
¦	Cumulative GHG emissions avoided through 2050 are
roughly equal to over half of the net total C02 emissions in
the U.S. in 20192. (U.S. GHG Inventory, EPA 2021).
1	This equates to a compliance value (under EPA's 2-cycle compliance tests) of 55 mpg.
2	U.S. GHG Inventory, EPA 2021
&
£\	United States
Environmental Protection
^1 M % Agency
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
EPA-420-F-21-078
December 2021

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¦	These more ambitious standards are feasible at reasonable costs and
achieve significant GHG emissions reductions and public health and
welfare benefits. The rule's benefits exceed the costs by $120 to $190
billion through 2050.
¦	Between $8 and $19 billion of the total benefits through 2050 result
from improved public health as a result of reduced emissions of non-
GHG pollutants, including NOx and other pollutants that contribute
to fine particulates (PM2.5).
¦	Other benefits include reduced impacts of climate change and cost
savings for vehicle owners through improved fuel efficiency.
reduce gasoline consumption in the U.S. by more than 360 billion gallons -
reaching a 15 percent reduction in annual U.S. gasoline consumption in 2050.
save car owners money - on average over the lifetime of an individual MY 2026
vehicle, EPA estimates that the fuel savings will exceed the initial increase in vehicle
costs by approximately $ 1,080 for consumers.
Total fuel savings overall is between $210 billion and $420 billion through 2050.
Maintain momentum towards expanding market share of zero emissions vehicles,
with the standards resulting in battery electric and plug-in hybrid vehicle market
share of 17 percent by MY 2026.

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