REDUCTION OF TOXICS LOADINGS TO
THE NIAGARA RIVER FROM HAZARDOUS
WASTE SITES IN THE UNITED STATES:
2008 Annual Status Report
Prepared by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in
conjunction with the New York State Department of Environmental
Conservation
Final
October
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary
Introduction 1
Status of Remediation Progress 7
O vervi e w 7
Project Highlights 8
Estimated Remediation Costs 12
Future Challenges and Opportunities for the NRTMP 12
Acronym s 19
Glossary 20
References 24
Priority Niagara River Hazardous Waste Site Summaries Appendix A
1) Occidental Chemical Corporation, Buffalo Avenue
2) Niagara County Refuse Disposal
3) DuPont Necco Park
4) CECOS International
5) Occidental Chemical Corporation, Hyde Park
6) 102nd Street
7) Bell Aerospace Textron
8) Durez Corporation, Packard Rd. Facility, Niagara Falls (formerly OCC-Durez Div)
9) Occidental Chemical Corporation, S-Area
10) Stauffer Chemical
11) Solvent Chemical
12) Vanadium Corporation of America (formerly SKW Alloys)
13) Olin Corporation
14) DuPont, Buffalo Avenue
15) Buffalo Color Corporation Site
16) Buffalo Color Corporation, Area D
17) Bethlehem Steel Corporation Site
18) River Road (INS Equipment)
19) Niagara Mohawk — Cherry Farm
20) Frontier Chemical, Pendleton
21) Frontier Chemical, Royal Avenue
22) Occidental Chemical Corporation, Durez Division, North Tonawanda
23) Gratwick Riverside Park
24) Mobil Oil
25) Iroquois Gas-Westwood Pharmaceutical
26) Booth Oil
Remediation of Additional Pollutant Source Summaries
Appendix B
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Executive Summary
For more than two decades, the Niagara River has been the focus of attention between four environmental
agencies in the United States and Canada ("the Four Parties"). On February 4, 1987, the Four Parties
signed a Declaration of Intent (DOI) to achieve significant reductions of toxic chemical pollutants in the
Niagara River. The DOI outlined the principles and activities to be followed and was combined with a
detailed annual work plan which forms the Niagara River Toxics Management Plan (NRTMP). The Four
Parties agreed upon a specific list of 18 'priority toxics" targeted for reduction through the NRTMP. A
key sub-objective and milestone of the NRTMP DOI was to achieve a 50% reduction of ten specific
priority toxics believed to be from significant Niagara River sources by 1996.
In a 1988 study report, 33 hazardous waste site clusters were identified and prioritized in order of
potential for toxic pollutant loadings to the Niagara River. The 33 cluster sites were placed into three
categories: Category I (sites with loadings greater than 50 lbs/day), Category II (sites with loadings
between 1 and 50 lbs/day), and Category III (sites with loadings less than 1 lb/day). The EPA and
NYSDEC consolidated the list of 33 cluster sites into a priority list of 26 sites consisting mostly of
Category I and II, which were determined to be responsible for -700 lbs/day of the 18 priority toxic
chemical loadings to the Niagara River, and, represented the most significant input of non-point source
loadings (99.9%) from the U.S. side of the basin. The complete remediation of these sites became the
primary focus of the NRTMP to achieve the common goals of the Four Parties agreement. In December
1996, the Four Parties formally re-affirmed, by Letter of Support, their commitment to continue
reductions of priority toxic loadings to the Niagara River. Overall, the NRTMP has met its 50% reduction
goal for the ten targeted priority toxics, and some by more than 75% through actions addressing point and
non-point sources of toxic contamination. Key actions addressing non-point sources include completing
21 of the total 26 priority hazardous waste sites to date. Water quality monitoring data for the period
April 2004 through March 2005 shows annual average concentrations for 6 of the 18 priority toxics
(Arsenic, Lead, total chlordane, pp-DDD, octachlorostyrene (OCS), and benzo(a)anthracene (a PAH) are
now substantially below the most stringent agency water quality criteria at Fort Erie (FE) and Niagara-on-
the-Lake (NOTL).
Today, the commitment to reduce toxic loadings through the NRTMP continues. The Four Parties are
now evaluating past achievements and future opportunities that exist to coordinate with other related
program initiatives occurring within the basin utilizing available expertise and resources. While the main
focus of this report is on the status of the original 26 waste sites, EPA and NYSDEC recognize the future
challenges that lie ahead. Further evaluation is needed on the opportunities that exist to continue to
reduce toxic contaminant levels from U.S. sources within the Niagara River. To meet this challenge, EPA
and NYSDEC are considering additional studies as well as evaluating the role of the NRTMP in the
binational collaboration towards addressing Beneficial Use Impairments (BUIs) and Area of Concern
(AoC) delisting through the Remedial Action Plan (RAP) process. EPA has placed high priority on this
effort by setting a target date to restore all BUIs in the Niagara River by 2014 as part of its overall
strategic plan for the Great Lakes AoCs.
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Introduction
The Four Parties
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Environment Canada (EC)
NY State Dept of Environmental Conservation (DEC)
Ontario Ministry of Environment (MOE)
Since 1987, the Niagara River has
been the focus of attention for four
environmental agencies in the U.S.
and Canada, called "The Four
Parties". The Four Parties signed a
Niagara River Declaration of Intent,
pledging cooperation to achieve significant reductions of toxic chemical pollutants in the
Niagara River (DOI 1987). The Declaration of Intent and a work plan form the Niagara River
Toxics Management Plan (NRTMP).
18 NRTMP PRIORITY TOXIC
CHEMICALS
Under the NRTMP, the Four Parties identified
18 persistent toxic chemicals as "priority
toxics". Actions to reduce the inputs of these
priority toxics to the Niagara River have been
aimed at point sources and non-point sources.
Significant point sources on both sides of the
Niagara River have been identified and are
being addressed in U.S. and Canadian point
source plans. The Four Parties summarize
progress in controlling point sources in an
annual report, last issued in October 2007
(The Niagara River Secretariat, 2007).
Non-point sources of toxic chemicals to the
Niagara River (e.g., leachate from hazardous
waste sites, storm water runoff, atmospheric deposition) are more difficult to quantify and
control. Given the limited information available about non-point sources, the U.S. has
proceeded with its actions based on the assumption that hazardous waste sites are the most
significant non-point sources of toxic chemicals to the Niagara River.
Benz(a)anthracene *
Benzo(a)pyrene*
Benzo(b)fluoranthene5t
Benzo(k)fluoranthene5t
Chlordane
Chrysene
Dieldrin
Hexachlorobenzene *
Mercury*
Mirex/PhotoMirex*
Octachlorostyrene
PCBs*
DDTs
Dioxin*
T etrachloroethy lene51
Arsenic
Lead
Toxaphene
- Targeted for 50% load reduction by 1996 from point & non-
nnint "Win warn T?i\7Pir wntpirchpH snnrms licino 1 Q87 ac n hncpilinpi
In 1988, an EPA study estimated potential toxic pollutant loadings to the Niagara River from all
known hazardous waste sites on the U.S. side of the Niagara River (Gradient Corp/Geotrans Inc
1988). The study compiled a list of 70 sites into 33 "cluster sites" largely based on the manner
in which data has historically been collected. The study further placed them into three categories
based on their potential loadings (in lbs/day) to the Niagara River. Figure 1 shows the locations
of these 33 site clusters, as well as several other additional hazardous waste sites.
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Figure 1. Location of significant Niagara River Waste Sites Addressed by the NRTMP
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Figure 1: LEGEND
SITE NAME
Occidental Chemical Corp. (OCC), Buffalo Ave. Avenue
Niagara County Refuse Disposal
DuPont Necco Park
CECOS International/Niagara Recycling
OCC, Hyde Park
102nd Street
Bell Aerospace Textron
Durez Corporation, Packard Road Facility (formally OCC, Durez Division)
OCC, S-Area
Stauffer Plant (PASNY)
Solvent Chemical
Vanadium Corp. (formerly SKW Alloys)
Olin, Buffalo Avenue
DuPont, Buffalo Avenue Plant
Buffalo Harbor Containment
Buffalo Color Corporation, including Area D
Bethlehem Steel Corporation
River Road (INS Equipment)
Frontier Chemical, Pendleton
OCC, Durez, North Tonawanda
Small Boat Harbor Containment
Gratwick Riverside Park
Mobil Oil
Alltift Realty
Charles Gibson
Great Lakes Carbon
Niagara Mohawk Cherry Farm
Times Beach Containment
Tonawanda Coke
Allied Chemical
Tonawanda Landfill
Dunlop Tire and Rubber
102nd Street site (#40), Olin 102nd Street site (#56), Griffon Park (#85), and Niagara
;n site (#94)
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123 Columbus-McKinnon
38 Love Canal
9-15-141 Iroquois Gas/Westwood Pharmaceutical
The study showed that a total estimated 694 lbs/day (315 kg/day) of toxic chemicals have the
potential of migrating from these 33 cluster sites to the Niagara River. Because collection of
site-specific transport data is ongoing, estimates were made based on certain assumptions, e.g.,
that groundwater flow is horizontal, and that pollutants behave in a conservative manner. These
assumptions yielded conservative estimates (i.e., estimates of toxic loadings that are expected to
be higher than the actual loadings).
Table 1 presents the 33 cluster sites divided into the three categories, based on
Gradient/Geotrans 1988 estimates of their potential toxic loads to the Niagara River. The
categories are as follows:
Category I: Sites with loading greater than 50 lb/day
Category II: Sites with loadings from 1 to 50 lb/day
Category III: Sites with loadings less than 1 lb/day
Sites from Category I and II collectively represented 99.9% of the total estimated loadings.
In November 1989, EPA and NYSDEC issued a report which prioritized the 33 cluster sites into
a list of 26 hazardous waste sites, consisting mostly of Category I and II, which were determined
to be responsible for the -700 lbs/day of the 18 priority toxic chemical loadings to the Niagara
River (EPA/NYSDEC 1989). Since 1989, EPA and NYSDEC have reevaluated the universe of
hazardous waste sites to identify those that new information shows are significant sources of
toxic chemicals to the Niagara River. Two sites have been removed as insignificant sources of
toxics, and four sites have been added as significant sources. This update reports on remediation
progress at the resulting 26 priority hazardous waste sites.
EPA estimates actual input loading reductions from completed hazardous waste site remedial
actions ("RAs") have been from -700 lbs/day to less than 50 lbs/day; representing an
approximate 94% reduction from the 1988 baselines for PCBs, DDT, mirex, octachlorostyrene,
chlordane, hexachlorobenzene, benz (a) anthracene, lead and others to the Niagara River. This
estimate is based primarily on assuming 100% reduction at sites where the final RA is
completed. It does not include the load reductions at other sites where interim remedial controls
are in place, e.g., groundwater pump-and-treat systems are functioning at 3 of the 4 sites where
remediation is underway and are expected to have already reduced off-site loadings. Since
estimates could not be made for these sites with on-going remediation, actual reductions to date
may be greater than the estimated 94%. Table 2 identifies the sites where final RAs are
complete and the sites where remediation is not yet completed, but which have interim
operational remedial systems that are expected to have reduced contaminant loads to the Niagara
River.
Final RAs currently underway are expected to be completed at one additional site by the end of
2010 and another site by the end of 2011. Upon completion of these 2 additional RAs, EPA's
best estimates are that the estimated toxic chemical inputs from all sites collectively should be
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reduced by almost 98% from the 1989 inputs (EPA/NYSDEC 1989).
Other estimates have been made of the potential loadings of the NRTMP priority chemical
concentrations in groundwater and groundwater flow to the Niagara River from priority waste
sites. These estimates are based on information that was not available when the
Gradient/Geotrans estimates were developed. For example, a report by several site PRPs
addressing groundwater loadings for ten of the NRTMP priority waste sites estimated priority
chemical loadings from ten sites at 5.6 lbs/day (2.5 kg/day) prior to RA, and 0.0048 lbs/day
(0.002 kg/day) after RA completion, a reduction of over 99% (CRA 1998). Since these
estimates only consider the NRTMP priority chemicals, they are not comparable to the
Gradient/Geotrans estimates of total toxic chemical loading. In addition, the report also used
some assumptions (i.e. non-conservative assumptions) that would tend to reduce load estimates.
Therefore, although actual loadings are likely greater than the estimates, the estimates do
corroborate the reduction in toxic chemical loadings to the Niagara River achieved through
remedial programs.
In addition to remediation efforts at the waste sites themselves, it is also important to recognize
the role of the Niagara Falls Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) in reducing toxic inputs
from a number of waste sites to the Niagara River. Based on information available in 1987, the
U.S. identified the Falls Street Tunnel, a major unlined industrial sewer cut into the bedrock
under the City of Niagara Falls, as the largest source of toxic pollutants from any of its point
sources. By the mid-1980s, the Tunnel was only receiving overflows of wastewater from the
sewers of a Niagara Falls industrial area, in addition to contaminated groundwater infiltrating
from major waste sites via cracks in the Tunnel's bedrock walls. In contrast to flows from other
point sources, effluent from the Falls Street Tunnel entered the Niagara River untreated. In
1993, EPA and NYSDEC required the City of Niagara Falls to treat the Falls Street Tunnel
discharges during dry weather at the Niagara Falls WWTP. Data gathered by the U.S. indicate
that WWTP treatment of the Tunnel's dry weather discharge has reduced mercury loadings by
70%) relative to 1980 loads, tetrachloroethylene loadings by 85%, and the loadings of four other
priority toxic chemicals by almost 100%.
Since the Falls Street Tunnel captures portions of the upper Lockport bedrock groundwater flow
from seven hazardous waste sites, the actions taken to control discharge from the Tunnel reduce
loadings from the following sites:
DuPont, Buffalo Avenue Solvent Chemical
OCC, Buffalo Avenue CECOS International
Frontier Chemical, Royal Avenue DuPont Necco Park
Durez Division, Packard Road Facility (formally OCC)
For this report, estimates of site loading reductions do not include those obtained through
treatment of the Falls Street Tunnel dry weather flow.
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TABLE 1
Gradient/Geotrans Prioritization of Waste Sites According to
Potential Toxic Loadings to Niagara River in 1988
Category I: greater than 50 lb/day
Occidental Chemical Corporation (OCC), Buffalo Ave.
Niagara County Refuse Disposal
DuPont Necco Park combined with CECOS International
Occidental Chemical Corporation, Hyde Park
Category II: between 1-50 lb/day
Occidental Chemical Corporation, 102nd Street
Bell Aerospace Textron
Durez Corporation, Packard Road Facility (formerly OCC, Durez Division, Niagara Falls)
Occidental Chemical Corporation, S-Area
Stauffer Plant (PASNY)
Solvent Chemical
Vanadium Corp. (formerly SKW Alloys)
Olin, Buffalo Avenue Plant
DuPont, Buffalo Avenue Plant
Buffalo Harbor Containment
Buffalo Color Corporation, including Area D
Bethlehem Steel Corporation
River Road (INS Equipment)
Frontier Chemical, Pendleton
Occidental Chemical Corporation, Durez, North Tonawanda
Small Boat Harbor Containment
Gratwick Riverside Park
Mobil Oil
Category III: less than 1 lb/day
Alltift Realty
Charles Gibson
Great Lakes Carbon
Niagara Mohawk, Cherry Farm
Times Beach Containment
Tonawanda Coke
Allied Chemical
Dunlop Tire and Rubber
Columbus-McKinnon
Love Canal
Tonawanda Landfill
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Status of Remediation Progress
Overview
As of the release of this 2008 NRTMP report, final RAs have been completed at 21 of the 26 sites
which includes all "Category 1" sites (those with estimated contaminant loads of >50 lbs/day of
priority toxic chemicals to the river). It is expected that the post-remedial Operation, Maintenance
and Monitoring (OM&M) technology installed at certain sites could be operated, maintained and
monitored for continued effectiveness for up to 30 years.
The remaining five sites (Mobil Oil, Frontier Chemical - Royal Ave., Vanadium Corporation,
Bethlehem Steel Corporation, and Buffalo Color Corporation Plant Site) have RAs pending or
underway. Three of the five sites (Mobil Oil, Vanadium Corporation, and Bethlehem Steel
Corporation) are operating interim remedial systems while progressing with completion of their final
RAs. Estimated RA completion date for Vanadium Corporation is October 2010 and for Mobil Oil,
December 2011. NYSDEC is currently negotiating a Corrective Measures Study (CMS) Consent
Order with Tecumseh Redevelopment (current owner of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation site) to
complete the remaining projects needed at the site with construction schedules. The other two sites
(Frontier Chemical - Royal Ave. and Buffalo Color Corporation Plant Site) have finished Remedial
Investigation/Feasibility Studies (RI/FS) for their sites and are expected to start construction of final
RAs following approval of their RI/FS by late 2008/2009.
TABLE 2
Summary Status of the 26 Priority Waste Sites
Investigation and Design Status:
Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) Search
No sites in this phase.
Site Investigation Underway
Frontier Chemical, Royal Avenue2
BETHLEHEM STEEL SITE3
Remedial Design (RD) Underway
VANADIUM CORP. OU#31
Remedial Action Status:
Interim Remedy in Place or Under Construction:
MOBIL OIL OU#l and OU#2
VANADIUM CORP.1: OU#2 & OU#3
Frontier Chemical, Royal Avenue2
BETHLEHEM STEEL SITE3
Buffalo Color Corporation Site
Remediation Completed (OM&M Ongoing)
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Stauffer Chemical
Frontier Chemical, Pendleton
Bell Aerospace Textron
CECOS International
Dupont Necco Park
Durez Corporation, Packard Road Facility
OCC, Durez, North Tonawanda
DuPont Plant Site Buffalo Avenue
Olin Plant Site
Buffalo Color, Area D
OCC, Buffalo Avenue
102nd Street (Olin /OCC)
River Road
Niagara Mohawk, Cherry Farm
Niagara County Refuse Disposal
Iroquois Gas-Westwood Pharmacy
Gratwick Riverside Park
OCC S-Area
Solvent Chemical
Booth Oil
OCC-Hyde Park
The sites in interim remediation are also under investigation or design, and therefore are listed twice.
Sites in bold have achieved significant progress since the September 2007 report.
These sites, though not completed, have operational remedial systems that are expected to
have reduced contaminant loadings to the Niagara River.
1 Preliminary investigations were completed. Two Interim Remedial Measure (IRMs) have been completed by PRPs for
OU#l and OU#2. A "No Further Action" Record of Decision was issued for OUs #1 and #2 in March 2006.
2 The RI/FS for soils and the upper bedrock (OU1) were completed in 2004 with a ROD issued in March 2006. An RI/FS
is still required for the deeper bedrock groundwater (OU2).
3 In 2004 DEC approved an interim corrective measures plan for the remediation of the Benzol Plant Area (i.e., the Coke
Oven Area). Recovery-well installation was completed in December 2004. The system includes LNAPL recover and
groundwater collection and treatment. The system began operating in April 2005.
Project Highlights
For each individual waste site, status summary tables are provided in Appendix A. Also, detailed site
information for all 26 sites can be found in NYSDEC's Environmental Site Remediation Database
website located at... http://www.dec.ny.gov/cfmx/extapps/derfoil/index.cfm?pageid=3. Highlights of
completed hazardous waste sites with continuing significant work and progress made at the five
remaining sites with RAs underway, particularly since the September 2007 NRTMP progress report,
are summarized below.
DuPont. Necco Park
• Construction of the Final Remedy began November 2001 with the installation of the
additional groundwater wells.
The following are among the measures included in the Final Remedial Design:
upgrading the existing cap; containment of the overburden and bedrock source areas using
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hydraulic measures; treatment of the extracted groundwater on-site; collection and off-site
disposal of DNAPL; and, comprehensive monitoring and additional site characterization.
• Remedial Design (RD) of the hydraulic containment system was completed in April 2004.
Some of the additional groundwater wells installed during the RD serve as component parts of
the hydraulic containment portion of the Final Remedy. Construction was complete in April
2005 and was tested to ensure that it is operating as designed. The construction of the cap
upgrade, the final element of the remedy was completed in September 2006. Remedial action
for the cap site was completed in September 2007.
Occidental Chemical - Durez
• Initial remediation of the site was completed in 1995. Based on post remedial monitoring
additional contaminated sediment from the bottom of the Pettit Creek cove area was removed
in May 2000. The most recent report from caged mussel bio-monitoring (-2006), indicates
elevated concentrations of dioxins and furans remain in sediment. A work plan for source
investigation and additional sediment removal, as needed, has been submitted by the
Company and approved by NYSDEC. The purpose of the work is to determine the source of
the recontamination and evaluate remedial alternatives. This work began in mid 2008 with a
report due in 2009.
Dupont Plant Site. Buffalo Avenue
• The lower reach of Gill Creek (OU2), which was heavily contaminated with DuPont and Olin
plant site chemicals, was partially remediated in 1982. The remaining creek remediation was
completed in 1992 under a Consent Order. Pilot testing was conducted in 2002 and
construction of the full scale SW Plant Ground Water Recovery System (GWRS) remedy
began in 2004. The GWRS construction was completed in September 2005 and is in
operation. In 2007, DuPont performed a GWRS overhaul and replacement.
• Blast fractured bedrock trenches that were installed in the SW plant area to optimize
groundwater collection in that area have greatly increased hydraulic containment and pump
rates. The GWRS upgrades replaced the original steam stripper and added a therm-ox unit to
treat off-gasses to handle additional flow from trenches creating greater treatment reliability
and reducing system down time. Approximately 133,000 pounds of organic contaminants
have been removed from groundwater since startup through 1st Quarter 2008 by the GWRS
and Olin pumping systems.
Vanadium Corporation
• A Record of Decision compiling the results of operable units OU#l, OU#2, and OU#3 was
issued in March 2006.
• Remedial actions were completed at OU#l and OU#2 in 2007.
• The Remedial Design for the last remaining operable unit, OU #3, will address remaining
surficial waste and slag and is expected to be completed by the summer 2008. The remedial
action for OU#3 should begin in late 2008. Estimated Completion Date: October 2010
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Buffalo Color Corporation Site
• In March 2005 Honeywell (a potentially responsible party) entered into an Order on Consent
to address groundwater contamination at the site by designing and installing a groundwater
collection system. Design was completed in 2005. The construction was completed in 2007.
• Honeywell performed a bulk chemical removal at the Site starting in December 2005 and it is
presently complete. The site though is not considered RCRA clean. The site has been
transferred from NYSDEC's RCRA unit to the Division of Environmental Remediation.
• Honeywell has completed their RI/FS for Areas A,B,C and E. as part of the June 30, 2006
Consent Order. The fieldwork began in January 2007 with a draft report Remedial
Investigation Report submitted in September 2007. The draft RI/FS was submitted in March
2008 and revised in August 2008. The design for the RA will begin once the RI/FS has been
approved. The RA is not yet scheduled pending approval of the RI/FS, however, demolition
of plant structures is expected to commence in 2009. Estimated Start of RA: Late
2008/2009
Bethlehem Steel Corporation (BSC) Site
• BSC has completed the field work for the site investigation, and has prepared Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Investigation (RFI) and human health risk
assessment reports. These had been delayed due to negotiations over the scope and the need
to collect additional data, but were finally submitted in December 2004.BSC completed
limited remedial technology studies for two areas that appear to be the primary sources of
groundwater contamination at the facility (the Acid Tar Pits and Coke Oven Areas). The EPA
and NYSDEC found the studies to be technically flawed and of limited value. BSC continues
to study various potential remedial technologies.
• In 2004 DEC approved an interim corrective measures plan for the remediation of the Benzol
Plant Area (i.e., the Coke Oven Area). In November 2004, NYSDEC issued a consent order
to administer this project. Recovery-well installation was completed in December 2004. The
system, which began operating in April 2005, includes LNAPL recover and groundwater
collection and treatment.
• In 2005, Tecumseh Redevelopment Inc., a subsidiary of ISG and Mittal Steel, submitted
brownfield applications to NYSDEC for two more parcels containing about 300 acres. Since
any future CMS or CMI activities will require a new order, permit or other agreement,
NYSDEC is currently negotiating a corrective action order with ISG for this work. Numerous
areas of the site that are not regulated under the RCRA program have been proposed for
clean-up under NYS Brownfield program.
In one of these areas, eight windmills were constructed at the site under the Brownfield
Cleanup Program in 2007. DEC is negotiating a Corrective Measures Study (CMS) Order
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with Tecumseh Redevelopment (current owner). Estimated Start of RA: Late 2008/2009
(Dates vary by specific RA project)
Frontier Chemical. Royal Avenue
• In January 2001 the site was referred for RI/FS action under the NY State Superfund program.
The Focused Remedial Investigation was begun in 2001. The RI/FS for the soils and upper
bedrock (OU#l) was completed in early 2004. A Record of Decision (ROD) for site soils and
upper bedrock groundwater (Operable Unit (OU) #1) was issued in March 2006. It requires
the excavation and off-site treatment/disposal of contaminated soil source areas with
control/treatment of overburden and upper bedrock groundwater. A Consent Order for the
investigation and evaluation of the deeper bedrock groundwater (OU #2) and further
investigation of subsurface soils to delineate on-site contamination was signed on August 15,
2008. A RI/FS for OU #2 is complete and pre-design sampling activities are underway.
Subsequent design, construction and operation of the remedy will either be done by the PRPs
under an Order, or by the NYSDEC using the State Superfund program. Estimated Start of
RA: Late 2008/2009
Mobil Oil
• Exxon/Mobil has entered the Brownfield Cleanup Program to complete subsequent
remediation activities under a BCP Agreement with NYSDEC dated April 3, 2006. In spring
2006 a Conceptual Site Plan (CSP) was approved by the State. The Site has been divided into
nine geographic areas for the purpose of assessing environmental conditions and reporting the
results of area-specific activities according to the nature of their historical primary
operations. Now that sitewide remedial investigation is complete, the site was divided into
five OUs based upon the anticipated phasing of subsequent remedial actions considering
environmental media to be addressed, potential remedial approach and geographic areas. The
remaining OUs are:
OU#2: Soil, groundwater and any free product located to the north of Prenatt St. and south of Elk St.
OU#3: Main Free Product Plume and contaminated soil and groundwater south of Prenatt Street.
OU#4: Soil and groundwater within the Eastern Tank Yard Area (ETYA).
OU#5: Buffalo River sediment impacted by Exxon/Mobil historical operations
In Spring 2006 the State executed a Brownfield Cleanup Agreement and approved a
Conceptual Site Plan addressing the various operable units of the plant site. OU #1, which
addressed the soil impacts in the Elk Street Properties Area determined to be attributable to
the former Tank 60 release from 1976, was completed in 2007.
Estimated Completion Date: December 2011
Estimated Remediation Costs
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Estimates of the cost of remediation are available for most of the 26 priority hazardous waste sites.
Where available, individual project costs for each site are provided for quick reference in summary
tables located in Appendix A of this report. As indicated below, the total costs incurred to date are
estimated to be at least $442,869,000. Total future additional remedial and O&M costs are estimated
to reach at least $262,150,000.
Based on available estimates for 21 sites, following is the total amount incurred to date (costs for the
remaining 5 sites are unavailable):
Federal $ 39.815 million
State $ 7.425 million
PRPs $ 395.629 million
Total $ 442.869 million
Based on available estimates for 12 sites, the total additional remedial and O&M costs expected in
the future are as follows (costs for the remaining 14 sites are unavailable):
Federal $ 1.875 million
State $ 0.710 million
PRPs $ 259.564 million
Total $ 262.149 million
The estimated costs to date cannot be compared to the estimated costs expected in the future, because
different sites are included in the estimates. It is also difficult to compare the relative contributions of
federal, state, and PRP expenditures, because cost information for some sites was incomplete (e.g.,
some sites may have been able to provide federal or state costs but not PRP costs, and so on).
However, the cost information does provide a sense of the magnitude of U.S. expenditures for
hazardous waste site remediation in the Niagara River basin.
Future Challenges and Opportunities for the NRTMP
A number of related initiatives are underway that present opportunities for possible merging or
coordination with other activities and resources. These current initiatives include coordination of the
NRTMP with the Niagara and Buffalo River AoC RAP process; future monitoring, data collection
and analysis; and remediation of additional pollutant sources.
Area of Concern (AoC) RAP and Delistings - The AoC delisting initiative is a top priority for the
Four Parties over the next several years. The Beneficial Use Impairments (BUIs) listed by both the
binational Niagara River AoC and Buffalo River AoC are believed to be based on impacts of toxics
chemicals which have been closely linked to the hazardous waste site inputs to the rivers. Formal
coordination of the NRTMP and AoC RAP mechanism would achieve greater resource efficiency and
public understandings.
Niagara River Area of Concern Remedial Action Plan: The Niagara River Area of Concern (AoC),
located in Erie and Niagara counties, extends from Smokes Creek near the southern end of the
12
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Buffalo Harbor and north to the mouth of the Niagara River at Lake Ontario. In 1994, the NYSDEC,
through an appointed Niagara River Action Committee (RAC), completed and published a Remedial
Action Plan (RAP). To date, the RAC has identified 5 BUIs to be addressed and 2 likely BUIs
needing further assessment (see Table 3). Past municipal and industrial discharges and hazardous
waste disposal sites have been a source of contaminants to the Niagara River which have been linked
to several BUIs in the AoC. Of the 26 priority waste sites discussed in this report, 21 sites are located
directly in the Niagara River watershed basin. Of these 21 sites, nineteen sites have completed
remedial construction and two sites (Frontier Chemical Royal Ave. and Vanadium Corporation) have
remedial actions currently underway. It is understood by the Four Parties that the NRTMP initiative
contributes greatly towards the restoration of wildlife and aquatic habitats, re-designation of
beneficial uses from impaired to un-impaired, and the ultimate de-listing of the Niagara River AoC.
Therefore, it is noted by the joint agencies as an example of bi-national cooperation on the Niagara
River and as an important contribution to the RAP process in the AoC. It is expected that RAP
implementation will progress at an aggressive pace over the next several years while the NRTMP
works towards removing all remaining toxic pollutant inputs to the river. In May 2008, EPA set a
target for all Niagara River AoC BUI re-designations by 2014 through award of a $1.4 million grant
to the NYSDEC for the St. Lawrence/Niagara River bi-national AoC delisting initiative.
Buffalo River Area of Concern Remedial Action Plan: The Buffalo River AoC is located in the
City of Buffalo in Western New York State. The river flows from the east and discharges into Lake
Erie near the head waters of the Niagara River. In 1989, a RAP was prepared by the NYSDEC for
the Buffalo River AoC. The NYSDEC acted as RAP coordinator from 1989 - 2005 until the U.S.
EPA Great lakes National Program Office selected the Buffalo Niagara Riverkeeper (BNR) as RAP
implementation coordinators. To date, the BNR has identified 6 BUIs to be addressed, 3 likely BUIs
needing further assessment, and 2 BUIs of unknown status (see Table 4). Of the 26 priority waste
sites discussed in this report, one site (Bethlehem Steel Corporation Site) has direct local impacts to
Buffalo Harbor to the north and on the western boundary of Lake Erie and four sites (Buffalo Color
Corporation Site, Buffalo Color - Area D, Mobil Oil, and Iroquois Gas-Westwood Pharmaceutical)
have direct local impacts to the Buffalo River. These five sites are part of the NRTMP 26 priority
sites since they in turn have impacts to the head waters of the Niagara River (see Figure 1). Two of
the sites (Buffalo Color-Area D and Iroquois Gas-Westwood Pharmaceuticals) have completed
remedial construction and two sites (Mobil Oil and Buffalo Color Corporation Site) have remedial
actions currently underway. The other site (Bethlehem Steel) has remedial action underway. These
NRTMP waste sites are listed as part of the Buffalo River RAP to be addressed towards restoring
beneficial uses. Restoration and re-designation of the BUIs in Lake Erie, Buffalo and Niagara Rivers
will ultimately result in de-listing of the Buffalo River AoC as well as the Niagara River AoC.
TABLE 3 TABLE 4
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Buffalo River AoC Beneficial Use Impairments
Of the 14 beneficial uses, six are impaired for the
Buffalo River:
1. Restrictions on fish and wildlife
consumption
2. Fish tumors or other deformities
3. Degradation of aesthetics
4. Degradation of Benthos
5. Restriction on dredging activities
6. Loss of fish and wildlife habitat
In addition, the designation of five beneficial uses need
further assessment to determine their status:
1. Eutrophication or undesirable algae
2. Tainting of fish and wildlife flavor
3. Degradation of fish and wildlife
populations
4. Bird or animal deformities or
reproductive problems
5. Degradation of phytoplankton and
zooplankton populations
Future Monitoring, Data Collection and Analysis - In addition to the effectiveness of pollutant
removal at the waste sites themselves, it is important to note that there are three components to the
NRTMP monitoring plan: Environment Canada (EC) Upstream/Downstream (U/D Program); Bio-
monitoring (mussels, young-of-year fish, wildlife); and source track down & analysis screening.
Anticipated in 2009, the Niagara River Secretariat will prepare a trend analysis report covering the
past 20 years of data collected in-water and compare concentration inputs at Fort Erie and Niagara-
on-the-Lake. The U/D Program is expected to continue to be a valuable tool for assessing overall
progress and future priorities as explained below in more detail.
NRTMP Monitoring Program Plan. The NRTMP's primary mechanism for measuring
improvements in water quality is the Environment Canada (EC) U/D Program. The U/D Program
measures approximately 50 organic chemicals and includes the 18 NRTMP Priority Toxics in the
dissolved and particulate phases at the head (Fort Erie) and the mouth (Niagara-on-the-Lake) of the
Niagara River where it enters Lake Ontario (Figure 2). Water quality data is collected year-around
and EC publishes a formal U/D Program report on every ~2 years of data. The most recent U/D
Program report was published in 2007 and includes data from 2004/2005. Since 1987, high quality
US and Canadian government monitoring program information provide clear evidence of reductions
for most of the 18 Niagara River Priority Toxics in water, sediment and biological indicators in the
range of 50% or greater by the 1996 target year. The Niagara River Secretariat 20-year data trend
report is expected to be a useful tool for setting priorities such as future track down and analysis
studies to identify potential new sources of contaminants, new emerging chemicals, and NRTMP
management strategies for reducing these chemicals.
Niagara River AoC Beneficial Use Impairments
Of the 14 beneficial uses, five are impaired for the
Niagara River:
1. Restrictions on fish and wildlife
consumption
2. Fish tumors or other deformities
3. Degradation of Benthos
4. Restriction on dredging activities
5. Loss of fish and wildlife habitat
In addition, the designation of two beneficial uses need
further assessment to determine their status:
1. Degradation of fish and wildlife
populations
2. Bird or animal deformities or
reproductive problems
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Lake Ontario
MAGARA-
ON-THE
-LAKE
Lewision
LikcDntirin
~
Like Eric
N
k
Grand
Island
Tonawanda
FORT ERIE
Buffalo
Lake Erie
Figure 2. Environment Canada's Niagara River Upstream/Downstream Surface Water Sampling Locations
Remediation of Additional Pollutant Sources - The 1989 EPA/NYSDEC Hazardous Waste Site
Report identified the NRTMP's original 26 waste sites as highest priorities due to their potential to
contribute over 90% of the total toxic chemical loadings to the Niagara River. These 26 sites and the
estimated loadings were based on earlier studies and often on preliminary data. Although these 26
sites were of top priority for the NRTMP, numerous investigations and remediations at other site
areas, some consisting of multiple individual sites, were being addressed under New York State's
remedial programs. The additional efforts by NYSDEC and EPA have included six additional sites
described below now known to be significant contributors of toxic contamination to the river but for
which insufficient data existed in 1989 to include them in the NRTMP. The NRTMP is considering
the need for a revised assessment of the toxic contamination contributions from all known hazardous
waste sites to the river using current methods and techniques. For a quick reference, see the summary
tables for these projects located in Appendix B of this report. Also, detailed site information for all
sites can be found in NYSDEC's Environmental Site Remediation Database website located at
http://www.dec.ny.gov/cfmx/extapps/derfoil/index.cfm?pageid=3 .
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Fourth Street Site - NYSDEC #915167
The site is located on Fourth and Village Court streets in the City of Buffalo and is located in a mixed
residential, commercial, and recreational setting approximately 1500 feet from the Lake Erie
shoreline. The Citizens Gas Works operated on this property staring from the early 1900's.
From 1934 to 1958, a portion of the property was also used by Greyhound Bus Company to service
its vehicles. During a site evaluation in 1992 black tar material was found in one area of the property.
Soil/tar and groundwater samples were tested during the investigation and results showed contained
up to 3300 ppm of benzene, 3000 ppm of toluene, 2700 ppm of xylenes, 3000 ppm phenolic
compounds, and 53,000 ppm of PAHs. Site groundwater exceeded groundwater standards for
benzene, toluene, xylenes, PAHs, and phenolic compounds. In August 1996, NYSDEC/NYSDOH did
additional testing which detected surface soil samples containing up to 420 ppm of PAHs.
The tar material was found to be a hazardous waste as it failed TCLP for benzene. The City of
Buffalo conducted an investigation and submitted the Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study
(RI/FS) report in January 2001. A Record of Decision (ROD) was issued in 2001 requiring the
removal of all contaminated tar materials from the site. The construction of the remedy began in July
2005 and was completed in early 2006. Now that remediation is complete, an environmental
easement will be implemented for the site and then the site will be reclassified and will enter the site
management phase.
Former Buffalo Service Center - NYSDEC #C915194
This site is the location of a former Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) which was operated by various
companies from 1848 to 1948. The site was initially investigated by the owner - National Fuel Gas
during the period 1989 to 2004. The investigation confirmed the presence of MGP wastes (containing
benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, total cyanides) in soil
and groundwater at the site. In June 2005 a volunteer applied to the Brownfield Cleanup Program to
remediate the site in preparation for building an office building. The site remediation consisted of
excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated soils above the predetermined cleanup levels and
backfilling with clean soil/material. Work began in summer 2005 and was completed in early 2006.
An environmental easement requiring a Site Management Plan was filed on September 7, 2006 in the
Erie County Clerk's office. Remaining groundwater contamination will be monitored by an Operation
& Monitoring Plan. A Certificate of Completion was issued on November 30, 2006. The cleanup has
resulted in the construction of an approximately 350,000 square foot Health Now building by Duke
Realty at the remediated site. Groundwater at the site is being monitored in accordance with the Site
Management Plan, dated October 2, 2006.
Alltift Landfill - NYSDEC #915054
This site is a former landfill that was previously used for the disposal of domestic and industrial
wastes. Environmental studies documented surface and groundwater contamination. According to
Phase II Investigation documentation, Allied Corp. (National Aniline Division) disposed
miscellaneous organic chemicals, chrome sludge, copper sulfate, nitrobenzene, monochlorobenzene,
and naphthalene on a monthly basis in the landfill. A smaller landfill containing automobile shredder
wastes, demolition debris, fly-ash and sand wastes was situated on top of the older chemical waste
landfill. This smaller landfill was operated between 1975 and 1984. A Consent Order for the
completion of a RI/FS of the site was signed by Allied Signal in 1991.
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An RI report was submitted in 1992 finding that groundwater and the ponds adjacent to the site were
impacted by the landfill. Contaminants of concern include metals, pesticides, PCBs, chlorinated
solvents and PAHs and would be tributary to the Buffalo River drainage basin.
A Record of Decision (ROD) was signed on March 27, 1995 requiring: capping, waste consolidation,
wetlands restoration, and groundwater collection. Remedial action began in 2004 and was completed
in 2005. An operation, maintenance and monitoring plan was put in place in 2006.
Steelfields Site - NYSDEC # V00619
The Steelfields Site is located in the City of Buffalo adjacent to the Buffalo River. The site is
comprised of four distinct areas based on the historical operations that occurred there. These areas are
known as: Area I-Republic Steel Area, Area II-Donner-Hanna Coke Plant, Area III- Republic Steel
Warehouse, and the Area IV-Coke Storage Yard. The former above-ground facilities were
demolished previously by the LTV Steel Company. Today the site is largely vacant except for the
former "August Feine" building located just north of Area II where a newly constructed containment
cell exists. In 2006, Area IV was separated from the site and entered into the Brownfield Cleanup
Program as Steelfields Area IV Site#C915204. Area IV is also listed on the NYS Registry as a Class
3 hazardous waste site under Site #915017. The Steelfields site was the location of a former steel and
coke-making facility. The site had significant amount of fill material (2 to 20 feet in depth) from past
activities. The fill consisted of waste slag and coke, in addition to significant quantities of chemically
contaminated soils from past disposal practices on the site. LTV Steel, the previous Volunteer for
this site (V00133) went bankrupt in 2000. In October 2002 Steelfields Ltd. purchased the site out of
bankruptcy. Steelfields Ltd. entered into the Voluntary Cleanup Program and agreed to undertake the
necessary investigation and cleanup of the 218 acres. A work plan outlining the work to be performed
was approved in 2002. Remedial work was completed on approximately 90 acres known as Area 1 in
2004. Remedial work was completed in all areas of the site by October 2007.
Niacet Corporation — NYSDEC # V00373
The Niacet facility, formally a Union Carbide Corporation facility, is located on 19.42 acres at the
intersection of 47th St and Pine Ave in the City of Niagara Falls. The facility is an active
manufacturing facility first constructed in 1925 and operated as the Niacet Chemical Company. The
plant originally produced acetaldehyde, paraldehyde, aldol and crotonaldehyde. The production of
acetic acid was begun in 1928 and the manufacture of sodium acetate and other acetates began in
1935. Vinyl acetate production was added in 1937. In 1957 the facility name was changed to Union
Carbide Corporation. The plant produced a variety of wastes including mercury/aluminum sludge, 2-
ethylexoate, zincacetate, acetic acid, acetate salts and overflows from the vinyl division. In 1978
Niacet purchased the property from Union Carbide Corporation and currently manufactures specialty
chemical products for food, pharmaceutical and industrial applications. A site investigation was
completed in 2002 indicating the presence of mercury contaminated soil. A supplemental site
investigation was completed in March 2006. A draft Remedial Action Selection Report (RAS) was
submitted in November 2006. The draft RAS was not acceptable and Department requested revisions
to the RAS were requested. Resubmission of the RAS is pending.
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Spaulding Fiber Site — NYSDEC #915050/E915050
The 46 acre Spaulding Composites Site is located at 310 Wheeler Street in the City of Tonawanda.
Spaulding manufactured composite laminates and vulcanized fiber between 1911 and 1992 at this
now abandoned facility. The paper used to produce vulcanized fiber, and many of the phenolic resins
used in the production of the composite laminates, were also manufactured on site. Site drainage and
contaminant transport was tributary to the Niagara River through the municipal storm sewer system.
All RI/FS/Corrective Measure Studies have been completed for RCRA/Superfund portions of the site.
The Record of Decision (ROD) for this site was issued in March 2003. Seventeen Solid Waste
Management Units (SWMUs)within approximately 2.5 acres of property around the plant buildings
were identified (included in four separate operable units) as requiring remediation as a part of the
SSF project; the rest of the property is being addressed as part of an Environmental Remediation
Project(ERP). Remediation of OU#2 was performed as an IRM to address PCB contamination of
surface and subsurface soils. Remediation of the three remaining OUs (OU#l, OU#3, OU#4) will be
undertaken utilizing the State Superfund. The Pre-Design Investigation Report was finalized in
January 2008; the design is anticipated to be completed by the late summer 2008, with remedial
construction to follow in 2009. The RI/FS for the ERP portion of the site is underway and a ROD for
the project is expected in early 2009.
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Acronyms
APL
BCC
BSC
UI
CERCLA
CMI
CMS
DDT
DEC
DNAPL
DWTP
EC
EPA
HSWA
ICM
IIW A
IRM
MOE
NAPL
NRTMP
occ
ou
PCBs
PRP
PSA
PVC
RA
RCRA
RFA
RFI
RFP
RI/FS
ROD
RRT
SPDES
TCDD
TBD
TCP
VOC
Aqueous phase liquids
Buffalo Chemical Corporation
Bethlehem Steel Corporation
Beneficial Use Impairment
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
Corrective Measure Implementation
Corrective Measure Study
primarily l,l'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)-bis/4 chlorobenzene
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
Dense non-aqueous phase liquids
Drinking Water Treatment Plant
Environment Canada
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments
Interim Corrective Measure
Immediately Implementable Work Assignment
Interim Remedial Measure
Ontario Ministry of the Environment
Non-aqueous phase liquids
Niagara River Toxics Management Plan
Occidental Chemical Corporation
Operable Unit
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Potentially Responsible Party
Preliminary Site Assessment
Polyvinyl chloride
Remedial Action
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RCRA Facility Assessment
RCRA Facility Investigation
Request for Proposal
Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study
Record of Decision
Requisite Remedial Technology
New York State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
To Be Determined
Trichlorophenol
Volatile organic compounds
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Glossary
A
Ambient
A surrounding medium, such as water or air.
Used in contrast to a specific source.
Aquatic
Growing in, living in, or dependent upon
water.
Atmospheric deposition
Pollution from the atmosphere associated with
dry deposition in the form of dust, wet
deposition in the form of rain and snow, or as a
result of vapor exchanges.
B
Barrier wall
A wall constructed underground in a
hazardous waste site or landfill to stop the
flow of contaminated groundwater.
Basin
The land that drains into a waterbody.
Bedrock groundwater
Water flowing through a rock layer
underground, under a top layer of mixed soil
and loose rock called the overburden.
Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]
A PAH that is formed by the incomplete
combustion of fossil fuels, wood, and tobacco;
the incineration of garbage; and in steel
production.
Bioaccumulation
The process by which chemical substances
accumulate in the tissues of an organism that
drinks contaminated water or eats
contaminated food.
C
Cap
A cover over hazardous waste sites, usually
made of clean soils or clay, that prevents
rainwater from seeping through soil and
causing the contaminants in the soil to flow
into the groundwater.
Capture Zone
Area in which groundwater is flowing towards
a pumping well; used as remediation technique
for hazardous waste sites, to "capture"
contaminated groundwater and treat it.
Chlordane
A persistent toxic chemical that was used to
control ants, grasshoppers, and other insects on
certain crops.
Collection drain
System of pipes around a hazardous waste site
or landfill that collects surface or groundwater
and directs it toward a treatment plant.
Combined sewer overflow (CSO)
Water discharged into a waterbody from a
sewer system that carries both sanitary sewage
and stormwater runoff. During dry weather
the combined sewer system's flow is normally
treated at a wastewater treatment plant, but
during rain events, the plant's capacity may be
exceeded and the flow may be bypassed to
discharge, untreated, directly into a waterbody.
Consent decree
A legal document, approved by a judge, which
puts into effect a remedy (i.e., actions to
correct an environmental problem).
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Contaminant
A substance that is not naturally present in the
environment or is present in amounts that can
adversely affect the environment.
D
Dredging
Removal of sediment from the bottom of a
waterbody.
DDT
Di chl oro-diphyny 1 -tri chl oroethane. A
persistent toxic chemical that was used as a
pesticide, particularly for mosquito control.
DDT is banned in U.S. and Canada. DDE and
DDD are metabolites of DDT.
Dieldrin
A persistent toxic chemical that was used
mainly as a soil insecticide.
Dioxins/furans
Dioxin: A family of persistent toxic chemicals
known as dibenzo-p-dioxins. Dioxins can
enter the environment as the by-products of
industrial processes or as a result of
combustion processes in incinerators and
motor vehicles using leaded fuel. The
compound called "2,3,7,8-TCDD" is the most
toxic member of the dioxin family.
Furans are a class of chemicals similar to
dioxins, which are created at high
temperatures, such as incineration of PCBs and
other organic wastes containing chlorine.
DNAPL (Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid)
An oily, sludge-like mixture of chemicals that
is denser than water. DNAPL flows with
gravity or along geological formations, not
always in the same direction as groundwater.
Downstream
In the direction with the flow of a stream or
river; down river. For Niagara River,
downstream is towards Niagara-on-the-Lake
and Lake Ontario.
E
Embayment
A bay. A part of a waterbody (such as a river
or lake) that makes an indentation into the
adjacent land.
F
Force main
A pipe that carries contaminated groundwater
drawn out of hazardous waste sites by
pumping wells to a treatment plant.
Four Parties
The four agencies who implement the Niagara
River Toxics Management Plan: U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency,
Environment Canada, New York State
Department of Environmental Protection, and
Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy.
G
Groundwater
The fresh or saline waters found beneath the
Earth's surface that often supply wells and
springs. Contrast to "Surface water".
H
Habitat
Place where a particular type of plant or
animal lives. An organism's habitat must
provide all of the basic requirements for its
life.
Hazardous waste
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Any substance that is a by-product of society
and is classified under U.S. or Canadian law as
potentially harmful to human health or the
environment. Hazardous wastes are subject to
Hazardous waste site
Land disposal site for hazardous wastes.
Heavy metals
Metallic elements with high atomic weights
that tend to be toxic and bioaccumulate.
Examples are mercury, arsenic, lead, etc.
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)
A persistent toxic chemical that was originally
manufactured as a fungicide for cereal crops.
It is also generated as a by-product in the
manufacture of pesticides and can be formed
during the combustion of substances
containing chlorine.
I
Infiltration
Passing through or filtering through, as in rain
water that filters through soil to join
groundwater.
Inorganic substance
A chemical compound that does not contain
carbon. Inorganic substances are often derived
from minerals.
Insecticide
A chemical used to kill or control the growth
of insects.
L
Landfill
Land disposal site for hazardous (or non-
hazardous) wastes.
Leachate
special handling, shipping, storage, and
disposal requirements under the law.
Liquid derived from rain or snow melt that
percolates through a hazardous waste site.
Load or Loading
The amount of a material entering a system
over a given time interval.
M
Medium (plural: Media)
A surrounding substance in the environment:
water, air, or sediment.
Metabolite
A substance that is the product of biological
changes to a chemical.
Mirex
A persistent toxic substance that was used as
an insecticide and a fire retardant.
Multi-media
Involving multiple media, such as water and
air, or air and sediment, or all three.
N
National Priorities List (NPL)
An EPA list of the most serious uncontrolled
or abandoned U.S. hazardous waste sites
identified for long-term remedial action under
Superfund.
Non-point source
Diffuse pollution sources (i.e., without a single
point of origin or not introduced into a
waterbody from a specific outlet). Generally
carried off the land by stormwater. Common
sources can be associated with a variety of
land-uses (e.g., agriculture, forestry, and
urban) and activities (e.g., construction,
22
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mining, and land disposal).Contrast to "Point
source".
O
Organic substance
A chemical compound that contains carbon.
Overburden groundwater
Water flowing through a layer of mixed soil
and loose rock that lies over the rock layer
called bedrock.
P
PAHs
Polycyclic or polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons. A class of persistent toxic
compounds that are formed from the
combustion of organic material, such as forest
fires or gasoline in cars.
PCBs
Polychlorinated biphenyls. A group of
persistent toxic chemicals used in electrical
and hydraulic equipment for insulating or
lubricating purposes.
Persistent toxic chemical
Any toxic chemical that is difficult to destroy
or that breaks down slowly in the environment
(i.e., with a half-life in water greater than eight
weeks).
Pesticide
A chemical used for preventing, destroying, or
repelling any pest.
Octachlorostyrene (OCS)
A persistent toxic chemical that was released
as a by-product when chlorine was
manufactured using certain processes that are
no longer used.
Point source
Any discernible confined and discrete
conveyance, including, but not
limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel,
conduit, well, container, landfill, leachate
collection system, vessel or other floating craft
from which pollutants are or may be
discharged from.
Pollution prevention
Any action that reduces or eliminates
pollutants before they enter the environment.
Potentially Responsible Party (PRP)
Any individual or company potentially
responsible for, or contributing to, the
contamination problems at U.S. hazardous
waste sites.
Pretreatment
Processes used to reduce, eliminate, or alter
pollutants from industrial sources before they
are discharged into publicly-owned sewage
treatment systems.
Priority toxic chemicals
Under the NRTMP, 18 toxic chemicals that
exceeded water quality or fish tissue standards
in the Niagara River or Lake Ontario.
R
RCRA
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. A
U.S. program to remediate active hazardous
waste sites. Sites are remediated by
potentially responsible parties whenever this
can be arranged.
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Record of Decision (ROD)
A public document that explains what actions
will be taken to remediate a U.S. hazardous
waste site.
Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study
(RI/FS)
The RI defines the areal and vertical extent of
the hazardous waste problem at a Superfund
site through numerous sampling wells, an
extended environmental sampling program and
a full geophysical survey. Based on the RI, the
FS develops and evaluates alternative
solutions to the problem.
Requisite Remedial Technology (RRT)
An RRT is the equivalent of an FS (see RI/FS
above) for a pre-CERCLA agreement.
Runoff
Water that flows over the land surface into a
waterbody.
S
Slurry wall
Barrier made of a thin, watery mixture of fine,
insoluble material (e.g., clay, cement, soil).
Solid Waste Management Units (SWMUs)
Areas within a hazardous waste site where
hazardous materials are stored or managed.
SWMUs are generally storage areas, treatment
systems, disposal areas, spill areas, or
containment cells.
Superfund
A U.S. program to remediate inactive or
abandoned hazardous waste sites in an
emergency or for the long-term. Sites are
remediated by potentially responsible parties
whenever this can be arranged.
Surface water
All water open to the atmosphere (e.g., rivers,
lakes, reservoirs, seas, etc.).Contrast to
"Groundwater".
T
Toxaphene
A persistent toxic chemical that was used as an
insecticide.
Toxic substance
Any substance that adversely affects the health
or well-being of a living organism, e.g.,
causing death, disease, birth defects,
behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic
mutations, physiological/reproductive
malfunctions, or physical deformities.
U
Upstream
In the direction against the flow of a stream or
river; upriver. For Niagara River, upstream is
towards Fort Erie and Lake Erie.
V
Volatile substance
A substance that evaporates readily.
W
Wetland
An area that is saturated with water or has a
water level at or near the surface. A wetland
has organic soils and plant/animal species that
are adapted to a wet environment.
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References
The Niagara River Declaration of Intent (DOI). 1987. Environment Canada, the United States
Environmental Protection Agency - Region II, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, and the New
York State Department of Environmental Conservation, February 1987.
Gradient Corp./GeoTrans Inc. 1988. Potential Contaminant Loadings to the Niagara River from U.S.
Hazardous Waste Sites, February 1988.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
(EPA/NYSDEC). 1989. Reduction of Toxics Loadings to the Niagara River from Hazardous Waste
Sites in the United States, November 1989.
Niagara River Toxics Management Plan Letter of Support. 1996. Environment Canada, the United
States Environmental Protection Agency - Region II, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, and the
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation,
December 1996
Conestoga-Rovers & Associates (CRA). 1998. Estimates of Pre-Remedial and Post-Remedial
Action Chemical Loading via Groundwater to the Niagara River, Ref. No. 9855(1),
January 1998.
The Niagara River Secretariat. 2007. Niagara River Toxics Management Plan (NRTMP) Progress
Report and Work Plan, October 2007.
USEPA Great Lakes - NRTMP website, 2008.
http://www.epa.gov/greatlakes/lakeont/nrtmp/index.html
NYSDEC Environmental Site Remediation Database website, 2008.
http://www.dec.nv. gov/cfmx/extapps/derfoil/index.cfm?pageid=3
24
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-------
APPENDIX A
PRIORITY NIAGARA RIVER HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES:
Site Remediation Status Summaries
-------
[This Page Intentionally Left Blank]
-------
1 APPENDIX A: PRIORITY NIAGARA RIVER HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES SUMMARIES
(Projects still not completed are in bold text)
Silo Niimo:
I S(;S Silo # :
\YSI)I.( Site#:
I'm^nim:
( (intents /PolIn I ;in I s
of Concern
Kemediiil
Actions
Completed
l-'nrniiil Kemediiil
( nmpliiinee iind/nr
l.nl'orccnicnt
Actions
Pnsl-Kemediiil
Action OWl
Stiitiis
Tnliil
Kemediiilinn
Costs to Diite
Additioiiiil Comments
Occidental Chemical Corp.
# 41b-49
#932019
RCRA (State & Federal)
Chlororganics, cell
brine sludges,
phosphorus sludges
December
1998
NYS Part 373 and
EPA RCRA permits
issued
Bedrock &
Overburden
Groundwater
Monitoring,
Collection &
Treatment
Not available
at this time
Implementation of the Bedrock & Overburden
Stabilization Programs will effectively
eliminate future off-site loadings from the Main
Plant Site.
Niagara Co. Refuse Disposal
#81
#932026
Federal Superfund
Phenolic resins,
plating tank sludges,
brine sludge
December
1999; NPL
deletion in
July 2004
EPA Consent Order
and ROD issued
Groundwater
Monitoring
Program on-
going
Fed:
$1,474,100
PRP:
$13,729,000
The site is still monitored by EPA/State and
data supports that the remedy is effective and
operating as designed.
Dupont Necco Park
# 14
#932047
Federal Superfund
Brine sludge, barium
salts, chlorinated
organic chemicals
September
2007
EPA Consent Orders
and ROD issued
Groundwater
Monitoring,
Collection &
Treatment on-
going
Fed:
$2,155,000
State:
$141,000
PRP:
42,500,000
Site is in OM&M phase. Ground water pump
and treat performing satisfactorily. Upgrades
underway to improve pumping efficiency at
PW-10. Quarterly and annual reports submitted
to USEPA and NYSDEC.
CECOS International /
#78/
#NA
RCRA (State & Federal)
Acetone, 2-butanone,
benzene, chloroform,
toluene,
chlorobenzene,
methylene chloride,
tetrachlorethane
February
1995
EPA RCRA HSWA
and NYS Part 373
permits issued
Groundwater
Extraction &
Treatment;
landfill cap
maintenance; site
access
restrictions
Not available
at this time.
Corrective Measure Implementation including
Aquifer pumping test program to control
contaminant migrationcontinues to operate
satisfactorily.
Occidental Chemical -
Hyde Park
#39
#932021
Federal/State Superfund
Co-lead
Brine sludge, organic
phosphates,
dechlorane,
chlorotoluenes, TCP,
benzoyl chloride,
chlorobenzenes, acid
chlorides
June 2003
EPA/NYSDEC/OCC
Stipulation and
Judgment Approving
Settlement
Agreement
Overburden
Groundwater
Monitoring,
Collection &
Treatment
Fed:
$12,100,000
PRP:
$78,000,000
It is estimated that $2,000,000/year will be
spent on the O&M of the site for approximately
the next 30 years.
-------
Silo Niimo:
I S(;S Silo # :
\YSI)I.( Site#:
I'm^mm:
( onlcnls /PolIn I ;in I s
of Concern
Kcrni'dhil
Actions
Completed
l-'di'iiiiil Rcnicdhil
(oniplhincc iind/or
r.nrorccnicnl
Actions
Posl-Komodiiil
Action O&M
Siiiius
Idlill
RcnicdLilion
( osls lo Diilo
Addilioiiiil ( ommi-ills
102nd Street
# 40, 56, 85, and 94
#932922 & #932031
Federal Superfund
Benzenes,
chlorobenzenes,
chlorophenols, hexa-
chlorocyclohexanes,
mercury
December
1998
EPA ROD
completed 1990 &
Administrative
Order issued
September 1991
Long-term
leachate pump
and treat system
installed and
optimized in
March 1999.
Fed/State:
$9,900,000
PRP:
$26,000,000
Long-term leachate pump and treat system
operating optimally. It is estimated that future
O&M costs to be paid by the PRP will be
approximately $100,000/year.
Bell Aerospace Textron
#5
#932052
RCRA (State and Federal)
Chlorinated solvents,
rocket fuel, misc.
chemicals
1987
NYS Part 373 and
EPA RCRA permits
issued
Hydraulic
groundwater
containment
pump and treat
system in place
PRP:
$1,898,891
(Capital and
O&M)
Future O&M
estimated
$400,000/year
Recent maintenance and upgrades in 2007 to
the treatment system has increased operational
efficiency.
OCC- Durez Corp. -
Packard Road
# 66
#932040
RCRA (State and Federal)
Phenolic wastes
1995
NYS Part 373 and
EPA RCRA permits
issued
Groundwater
pump and treat
program;
maintenance of
landfill cap; site
access
restrictions
Not available
at this time.
EPA and NYSDEC have determined that the
existing groundwater pump and treat program
is capable of serving as the final groundwater
remedy for the site.
Occidental Chemical
S-Area
# 41A
#932019A
Federal/State Superfund
Co-lead
CaF2 sludge, organic
phosphates,
chlororganics,
sulfides
August 2002
EPA/NYSDEC lead
responsibility under
1985 judicial
settlement
agreement
Operation and
maintenance of
S-Area landfill
cap; groundwater
collection and
treatment.
Fed/State:
$10,500,000
PRP:
$45,000,000
Future O&M
estimated Fed:
$1,000,000;
PRP:
$5,000,000
capital and up
to $3,000,000 /
year for 30
years.
Continued optimization of the performance of
groundwater pump and treat system effective.
-------
Silo Name:
Contents /PolIn I ;in I s
Remedial
l-'ormal Remedial
Post-Remedial
Total
Additional Comments
I S(;S Silo # :
of Concern
Actions
Compliance and/or
Action O&M
Remediation
\YSI)I.( Site#:
Completed
l.nl'orccnicnt
Sialus
Costs io Dale
Program:
Actions
Stauffer Chemical
Carbon tetrachloride,
December
NYSDEC Consent
Bedrock
State:
Groundwater treatment system has been
#255
various metallic
1995
Order
groundwater
$180,000
modified to include granular activated carbon
#932053
NYSDEC Superfund
chlorides, methylene
chloride,
tetrachloroethylene
pump and treat
system; soil
vapor extraction
and dewatering
system.
PRP:
$5,100,000
State O&M:
$10,000 PRP:
$l,300,000/ye
ar for 30 years.
prior to discharge to the NYPA Forebay.
Solvent Chemical
Chlorobenzenes, zinc
May 2001
ROD issued
Bedrock
State:
Continued operation and maintenance of
#251
#932096
December 1994;
U.S. District Court
groundwater
pump and treat
$1,170,000
PRP:
bedrock groundwater pump and treat system.
NYSDEC Superfund
Judgement issued
October 1997.
system.
$7,374,000
PRP O&M:
$4,600,000
Vanadium Corp.
Chromium, caustic
Projected
ROD issued March
OU#l
State:
Remedial Design for OU#3 is expected to be
#1
waste
completion
2006:
-Containment
$454,000
completed in late 2008 pending execution of
#932001
October
OU#l - No Further
and storm water
PRP:
a Consent Decree. The Remedial Action is
NYSDEC Superfund
2009
Action
OU#2 - No Further
Action
OU#3-
Consolidation and
capping
control,
approved
OM&M plan;
OU#2- landfill
cap,
groundwater
collection and
treat system,
approved
OM&M plan
$9,900,000
(OU#l &
OU#2)
Projected
future OU#3
PRP cost to
completion
$12,000,000
expected to start in early 2009.
Olin Corporation
# 58, 59
#932051
State and Federal RCRA
Mercury brine
sludges,
chlororganics, fly ash
October
1997
NYSDEC Consent
Order
Groundwater
pump and treat.
Not available
at this time.
Remedial system close to meeting optimum
effectiveness; recent performance reports
indicate system improvements.
-------
Silo Name:
I S(;S Silo # :
WSDI.C Site#:
Program:
( ontcnts /Polliilanls
of Concern
Remedial
Actions
Completed
l-'ormal Remedial
Compliance and/or
l.nl'orccnicnt
Actions
Posi-Remedial
Action OWl
Slalus
Toial
Remediation
Costs io Dale
Addilional Comments
Dupont - Buffalo Ave.
# 15-19
#931013
NYSDEC Superfund
Carbon tetrachloride,
chloroform,
dichloroethylene,
methylene chloride,
trichloroethylene,
tetrachloroethylene,
vinyl chloride, PCBs,
barium, and other
organic and inorganic
compounds
January 1992
NYSDEC Consent
Order
ROD issued January
1990
Groundwater
remediation
system (pump
and treat)
State: $75,000
PRP: $
74,000,000
(includes Gill
Creek cleanup)
Projected
future O&M
by PRP:
$1,100,000/
year.
Periodic post monitoring reports indicate
effective groundwater pump and treat system.
Blast fractured bedrock trenches installed in
SW plant area have greatly increased hydraulic
containment and pump rates. GWRS system
upgrades replaced steam stripper and added
therm-ox unit to treat off-gasses to handle
additional flow from trenches. Approximately
133,000 pounds of organic contaminants
removed from groundwater since startup thru
1st Quarter 2008 by the GWRS and Olin
pumping well.
Buffalo Color Corp.
Plant Site
#120,122
#C915230, C915231,
C915232
State and Federal RCRA
State Brownfield Program
Aniline, N-
methylaniline, N-
dimethylaniline, N-
diethylaniline,
cyanide, methanol,
nickel, chromium
IRM pump
and treat
system
installed
12/2007
NYS Part 373 and
EPA RCRA
permits issued;
NYSDEC Consent
Orders issued
3/12/2005 and
6/30/2006.
Groundwater
pump and treat
system
operational
12/2007.
Not available
at this time.
Draft Remedial Investigation/Feasibility
Study completed in March 2008 (revised in
August 2008) and is currently under review.
Buffalo Color - Area D
# 120-122
#915012
NYSDEC Superfund
Iron oxide sludges
containing organics
September
1998
NYSDEC Consent
Order
Slurry wall;
sediment
dredging; lanfill
cap; groundwater
pump & treat
system
State:
$200,000 PRP:
$14,000,000
Groundwater pump and treat system operating
satisfactorily.
-------
Site Name:
USGS Site #:
NYSDEC Site #:
Program:
Contents /Pollutants
of Concern
Remedial
Actions
Completed
Formal Remedial
Compliance and/or
Enforcement
Actions
Post-Remedial
Action O&M
Status
Total
Remediation
Costs to Date
Additional Comments
Bethlehem Steel Corp.
#118
#915009, C915197,
C915198, C915199,
C915205, C915216,
C915217,& C915218
State and Federal RCRA
State Brownfield Program
Tar decanter sludge,
ammonia still lime,
sludge, pickling
liquor
C915197
Projected
October
2008
C915205-
completed
2006
NYSDEC Consent
Order
C915197
-Brownfield Clean-
up Agreement
(BCA)
C915198 -BCA
C915199 -BCA
C915205 - BCA
C915216 - Denied
entry into BCP
C915217 - BCA
C915218-
Eligibility Pending
Proposed
Groundwater
collection and
treatment for
brownfields
redevelopment.
C915205-
Protective
cover, passive
groundwater
treatment,
Easement
Not available
at this time.
915009 - Consists of RCRA regulated
portion of property
C915197 - Tecumseh Phase I Business Park -
IRM Work plan 6/2008, planned
implementation 2008.
C915198 - Tecumseh Phase II Business Park
- RI/AAR Submitted
C915199 - Tecumseh Phase III Business
Park - Site change - C915217 removed from
the site, RI/AAR WP submitted
C915205 - Tecumseh Redevelopment, Inc.-
Steel winds - Completed
C915216 - Steel Winds IA - Denied entry
into BCP
C915217 - Steel Winds II - RI/AAR
submitted
C915218 - Tecumseh Phase IA Business
Park - Application Pending
River Road (INS Equipment)
# 136
#915031
NYSDEC Superfund
Foundry sand, cutting
oils, industrial
sludges, PCBs
January 2000
NYSDEC Consent
Order. ROD issued
March 1994
OM&M activities
underway.
State:
$546,000 PRP:
$15,000,000
Remedial action completed in January 2000 for
the Cherry Farm and River Rd sites. OM&M
activities underway. Periodic reports submitted
to the NYSDEC. '
Niagara Mohawk -
Cherry Farm
# NA
#915063
NYSDEC Superfund
Foundry sand, cutting
oils, industrial
sludges, PCBs
See Site
915031
above.
ROD issued Feb
1991
Amended ROD Oct
1993
OM&M activities
underway.
See Site
915031 above.
See Site 915031 above.
Frontier Chemical -
Pendleton
#67
#932043
NYSDEC Superfund
Solvents, oils, acids,
dyes, paint wastes,
heavy metal sludges,
metal salt sludges,
pickling liquors
March 1997
NYSDEC ROD
issued March 1992;
NYSDEC Consent
Order
Landfill cap and
leachate
collection and
treatment
State:
$1,430,000
PRP:
$14,120,000
Future O&M
costs
State:
PRP: $50,000
annually
Long-term O&M includes landfill cap
maintenance and pump and treat of leachate
from the site.
-------
Silo Name:
I S(;S Silo # :
WSDI.C Site#:
Program:
( ontcnts /Polliilanls
of Concern
Remedial
Actions
Completed
l-'nrmal Remedial
Compliance and/or
l.nl'orccnicnt
Actions
Posi-Remedial
Action OW1
Sialus
Toial
Remediation
Costs io Dale
Addilional Comments
Frontier Chemical,
Royal Avenue
#
#932110
EPA and NYSDEC
Superfund
Monochlorotoluene,
methylene chloride,
chloroform,
dichlorobenzene,
tetrachloroethylene
and other organic
contaminants
Projected
completion
date to be
determined.
NYSDEC ROD -
OU#l issued March
2006
Remediation on-
going
Fed:
$3,690,000
State:
$400,000
PRP:
$3,600,000
Anticipate DEC RI/FS Order for OU#2 with
PRP group in fall 2008.
Occidental Chemical -
Durez Division,
North Tonawanda
# 24-37
#932018
NYSDEC Superfund
Phenol tars
containing
chlorobenzenes and
chlorophenols
Plant
site: 1990
City sewer
cleaning: 199
2
Inlet/Cove:
1992 &2000
NYSDEC
ROD OU#l/2 -Feb
1989; ROD OU#3 -
March 1992.
Plant site
includes cover
system and
groundwater
control/treatment.
Inlet and cove &
north lobe
removal and
containment
work is being
monitored.
State: $510,00
PRP:
$39,000,000
In May 2000, additional contaminated sediment
from the bottom of the cove were removed.
The most recent report (-2006), indicates
elevated concentrations of dioxins and furans.
A work plan for source investigation and
additional sediment removal as needed has
been approved. This work was begun in 2008.
Gratwick Riverside Park
#68
#932060
NYSDEC Superfund
Phenolic resins, PCBs
December
2005
NYSDEC ROD-
Feb. 1991; Amended
ROD - Jan. 1999
Landfill cap and
leachate
collection and
treatment
State:
$2,550,000
PRP:
$5,000,000
Future O&M
costs estimated
to be
$1,140,000
over 10 years.
The Site was reclassified by DEC from a Class
2 (significant threat) to a Class 4 (Site
remediated and in long term OM&M) site in
June 2008
Mobile Oil
#141
#915040 & C915201
NYSDEC Brownfield
Tetraethyl lead and
lube sludges, spent
catalysts, Air
floatation unit and
gravity oil/water
separator sludges
Projected
December
2011
NYSDEC Consent
Order issued in
1985. NYS
Brownfield
Cleanup
Agreement
executed April 3,
2006
Remediation on-
going
Not available.
Site segregated into (5) operable units.
Remediation of OU-1 complete to
commercial standards via excavation of
contaminated fill with no required
monitoring. Investigation of OU-2 on going.
-------
Silo Niimo:
I S(;S Silo # :
WSDI.C Silo#:
Pro^mm:
( ontcnts /PolIn I ;in I s
of Concern
Kcmcdiiil
Actions
Completed
l-'di'iiiiil Kcmcdiiil
( ompliiince ;md/or
l.nl'orccnicnt
Actions
Pnsl-Kemcdiid
Action OWl
Sliilus
Tnliil
Kemediiilinn
Costs in Diiie
Addilimiiil Comments
Iroquois Gas - Westwood
Pharmaceutical
# NA
# 915141A & B
NYSDEC Superfund
PAHs (Polynuclear
Aromatic
Hydrocarbons) BTEX
(Benzene, Toluene,
Ethyl benzene,
Xylene), lead, and
cyanide
Main plant
site in 1997
and
Scajaquada
Creek
sediments in
March 1999.
915141A:
1997
915141B:
2001
NYSDEC ROD
issued March 1994
for both sites.
915141A:
hydraulic control;
groundwater
pump and treat
915141B:
DNAPL
extraction
State: $
250,000
PRP: $
7,000,000
915141A: hydraulic control, and groundwater
pump and treat are effective.
915141B: DNAPL from under the creek
continues to be collected
Booth Oil
# NA
#932100
NYSDEC Superfund
Waste oils, PCBs,
VOCs, semi-VOCs,
and PAHs
November
2004
NYSDEC ROD
issued March 1992
and March 1993,
ROD amendments in
August 2002
Haz waste
removed,
residual PAH
contamination.
OM&M plan for
site cover
maintenance.
Deed restrictions
in place
State:
$1,318,900
PRP:
$6,000,000
Remedial action completed Nov 1994.
Additional remedial work to address gasoline
vapor impacts to adjacent home continued
through 2005. Previously unknown USTs
removed with soil disposal and vapor
extraction. Monitoring wells installed to
monitor groundwater for gasoline impacts.
-------
APPENDIX B
REMEDIATION of ADDITIONAL POLLUTANT SOURCES:
Site Remediation Status Summaries
-------
[This Page Intentionally Left Blank]
-------
1 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL IDENTIFIED WASTE SITES OF CONCERN SUMMARIES
(Projects still not completed are in bold text)
Silo Name:
I S(;S Silo # :
WSDI.C Site#:
Program:
( (ink-ills
/Pollutants of
Concern
Remedial
Actions
Completed
l-'o I'm a 1
Remedial
Compliance
and/or
llnl'iH'ccment
Actions
Post-Remedial
Action ()«VM
Status
Total
Remediation
Costs to
Dale
Additional Com men Is
Fourth Street Site
NA
915167
NYS Superfund
benzene, toluene,
xylenes, phenolic
compounds, PAHs
Completed
in 2006
State Superfund
Program
Environmental
Easement
State:
$10,000,000
Remedial Action included excavation and off-
site disposal of all contaminated media above
clean-up goals.
Former Buffalo Service Center
NA
C915194
NYS Brownfield Clean-up Program
benzene, toluene,
ethylbenzene,
xylenes, polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons, total
cyanides
Completed
in 2006
Brownfield
Clean-up
Agreement
Groundwater
monitoring and
Environmental
Easement
PRP:
$16,500,000
Remedial Action included excavation and off-
site disposal of all contaminated media above
clean-up goals.
Alltift Landfill
NA
915054
NYS Superfund
miscellaneous
organic chemicals,
chrome sludge,
copper sulfate,
nitrobenzene,
monochlorobenzene,
naphthalene,
automobile shredder
wastes, demolition
debris, fly-ash and
sand wastes
Completed
in 2005
SSF Consent
Order
Groundwater
monitoring and
Environmental
Easement
PRP:
$14,000,000
Remedial Action included consolidation and
capping of waste and restoration of adjacent
wetlands areas.
Steelfields Site
NA
V00619/C915204
NYS Voluntary Clean-up Program
waste slag and coke,
significant quantities
of chemically
contaminated fill
soils
Completed
in 2007
Voluntary
Clean-up
Agreement
Groundwater
monitoring and
Declaration of
Covenants and
Restrictions
PRP:
$16,500,000
On-site Landfill and groundwater containment
system of non-hazardous waste, Groundwater
monitoring, Remedial Action included
excavation and off-site disposal of all
contaminated media above clean-up goals.
Niacet Corporation
NA
V00334
NYS Voluntary Clean-up Program
mercury/
acet aldehyde,
sodium acetate,
paraldehyde, aldol,
crotonaldehyde,
aluminum sludge,
2-ethylexoate,
zincacetate, acetic
acid, acetate salts
Not
completed.
Voluntary
Clean-up
Agreement
Remedial
Actions
Underway
Not
available at
this time.
Project activities are on-going.
-------
Silo Name:
I SCS Silo # :
WSDI.C Site#:
Program:
Contents
/PolIn 1 ;in 1 s of
Concern
Remedial
Actions
Completed
l-'ormal
Remedial
Compliance
and/or
1. nl'o iccmcn (
Actions
Post-Remedial
Ad ion ()«V M
Sialus
loial
Remedialion
Cosis lo
Dale
Additional Comments
Spaulding Fiber
NA
915050/E915050
NYS Superfund/Environmental
Restoration program
phenolic
compounds
Not
completed.
State
Superfund
Program
State
Assistance
Contract
Remedial
Actions
Underway
State:
$4,500,000
Demolition of plant structures ongoing
through efforts by City of Tonawanda and
Erie Cost. A Record of Decision for the ERP
project is expected to be issued 2009.
Current demolition costs are approximately
$5,500,000; ERP grant is for $3,600,000
------- |