PICATINNY
ARSENAL

NEW JERSEY

EPA ID# NJ3210020704

EPA REGION 2

CONGRESSIONAL DIST. 11

Morris County
Rockaway Township

Site Description 	

Picatinny Arsenal covers 6,491 acres in Morris County. The arsenal has been in operation for over
100 years, and it was a major source of ammunition in wartime. Currently, its primary mission is
research, development, and pilot-plant production of explosives and propellants for the Army. At
least 156 potentially hazardous locations exist on the site, according to a 1991 U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers report. They include areas for testing rocket fuels, munitions, and propellants; areas where
chemicals and shells were buried; surface impoundments; landfills; drum storage areas; and a sludge
bed. The arsenal's 3,000 employees obtain their drinking water from two on-site wells which have
been found to be contaminated with volatile-organic compounds (VOCs) and trace amounts of
explosive compounds. Drinking water is treated on-site to remove VOCs and explosive compounds
are at least an order of magnitude below health-advisory levels. The Army monitors this source of
drinking water to ensure that treatment for VOCs has been effective and that explosive-compound
levels remain low. The surrounding areas are suburban, as well as summer-vacation areas. Lake
Denmark and Picatinny Lake, which are on base, are used for recreational activities.

Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through

Federal actions.

NPL LISTING HISTORY

Proposed Date: 07/14/89
Final Date: 02/21/90

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Threats and Contaminants

as

Monitoring wells and soils adjacent to unlined lagoons, which until 1981 held wastewater
from metal plating and etching facilities, are contaminated with VOCs and heavy metals.
Poly chlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and an organic pesticide were found in the sediments
of the Green Pond Brook. In 1982, the brook was dredged, and the materials were piled
nearby. Site studies have found metals, explosives, and trace amounts of dioxin in a
defined area; access to that area has been restricted. The contaminated groundwater, soil,
and sediments could pose a health hazard if accidentally ingested. Contaminated
groundwater has apparently migrated off-site at the southern boundary where low levels
of explosive compounds have been found in private wells. The Army extended a
municipal water line to the residences with the contaminated private wells. In addition, a
fishing advisory has been issued for pickerel and large-mouthed bass due to the level of
mercury found in fish tissue from Picatinny Lake and G-2 Pond (Phase II study areas).

Cleanup Approach 	

The site is being addressed in a phased long-term remediation. The 156 areas of concern (AOCs)
have been divided into 3 phases to be studied in succession. Phase I generally encompasses the
highest priority sites which are located at the southern portion of the Arsenal. 61 sites have
undergone Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) closure at Picatinny; (corrective
actions will be split between RCRA and CERCLA). At these sites, the general approach is to
cleanup soils under RCRA and groundwater under CERCLA. Additional soil cleanup will be done
under CERCLA if RCRA cleanup is inadequate.

Response Action Status 	

Building 24 Area: In 1989, with agreement of the EPA and the State, the Army
selected the following remedy for preventing VOC contaminated groundwater from
discharging into Green Pond Brook: (1) extraction of contaminated groundwater; (2)
installation of a pre-treatment system for the removal of metals and solids; (3) air stripping to remove
VOCs; (4) filtering to remove VOCs from the air stripper exhaust and additional VOCs from the air
stripper effluent; (5) discharging treated water via a holding tank and piping it to Green Pond Brook;
(6) operation and maintenance of the system; and (7) effluent monitoring. Construction of the
groundwater remedy began in December 1990 and was completed November 1991. The pump and
treat system was activated October 1992 and has been operating satisfactorily since that time. EPA's
second 5-Year Report, completed in September 2001, concluded that the pump and treat system
should be upgraded in order to more effectively capture contaminated groundwater. Several
treatability studies have taken place to study the potential for remediating VOC contaminated
groundwater in-situ. One of the studies revealed that air sparging would not be an effective remedy
due to site geography. The Army is planning to submit the Proposed Plan for the final remedy of this
site Spring 2002. Cleanup of soils associated with the Building 24 lagoon has been addressed under
RCRA.

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fN Building 95 Area: Two unlined sand filter lagoons received treated wastewater from a
metal-plating and etching operation in Building 95. The Army submitted a Feasibility
Study for this operable unit in Fall 2000 and it is currently being finalized. Removal of
contaminated soils and piping associated with the lagoons has been completed under RCRA.

f\ Site 20/24: Land filling and staging activities occurred at Site 20/24 which resulted in
surface soil being contaminated with PCBs and groundwater (known at Site 20/24 as
"Area B Groundwater") being contaminated with VOCs. The remedy proposed by the
Army for PCB-contaminated surface soils is a vegetated soil cover. The ROD for this remedy has
been finalized and remedial action is expected to begin Fall 2002. Contaminated groundwater at Site
20/24 is being addressed as a separate operable unit and the feasibility is currently being finalized.

r*\. Burning Ground Area: Explosively-contaminated sludge and sediment from
Ny manufacturing processes are sent to the Burning Grounds to be incinerated in pans

(formerly on ground surface). The Army has investigated this area of the site to determine
the nature and extent of contamination in soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediment. The Army
is proposing to cap the site and submitted a Proposed Plan March 2002. A new incinerator to replace
the Burning Grounds has been constructed on-site and is expected to begin operating by Summer
2002. Consequently, the Burning Grounds will be closed and the remedy will be able to be
implemented without delay.

Picatinny Lake and G-2 Pond: The results of the Phase II Remedial Investigation
(RI) for Picatinny Lake and G-2 Pond revealed high levels of mercury in fish tissue.

	 As a result, a fishing advisory has been issued for pickerel and large-mouthed bass in

these two water bodies. The Phase II RI has been reviewed by EPA and the final remedy for
Picatinny Lake and G-2 Pond will be analyzed in a Feasibility Study.

r\ Remaining Areas: A RI Concept Plan was completed for 156 areas in 1991 including
the previously mentioned areas. The plan prioritized areas for investigation and potential
cleanup. To facilitate this process, these 156 areas have been broken into three phases.
The Phase I RI Report has been approved and Phase I sites are proceeding to a Feasibility Study,
Proposed Plan, or Record of Decision (ROD). The Phase II RI Report was has been approved and
Feasibility Studies are expected to be submitted in 2002. The Phase III RI Report is expected to be
submitted Spring 200.

Site Facts: Picatinny Arsenal is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a
k specially funded program established by the Department of Defense (DoD) in 1978 to
identify, investigate, and control the migration of hazardous contaminants at military and
other DoD facilities. An Interagency Agreement was signed by the Army and the EPA in May 1991.

Environmental Progress

Construction of the groundwater cleanup remedy for Building 24 has been completed and activated.
Preliminary concerns regarding heavy metal levels in the treatment plant discharge did not prove
warranted as they were found to be under permit levels. A removal action has been carried out at the
Post Farm Landfill to remove buried drums. Additionally, off-site residents near the southern
boundary, whose well water was found to be contaminated with explosives, have been provided with

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an alternative water supply. Picatinny Arsenal, as part of a removal action, extended a municipal
water line to the affected residences. This was completed Spring 1996. The Proposed Plan for the
Burning Grounds been submitted March 2002. The Army will discontinue open burning of its
explosive wastes at Picatinny Arsenal when a newly constructed incinerator has been brought on
line. Phase I, II, and III RI/FSs are in progress, encompassing approximately 156 AOCs identified at
Picatinny Arsenal. The Phase IRI report has been approved and several of the Phase I sites are
proceeding to Feasibility Study, Proposed Plan or ROD. The Phase II RI Report has been approved
by EPA. The Phase III RI Report is expected to be submitted Spring 2002. While further
investigations leading to the selection of final remedies for the remaining contaminated areas are
being conducted, the EPA has determined that there is no immediate danger to the nearby residents or
the environment.

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