Interim Final WTC
Residential Confirmation
Cleaning Study
Volume 1
110 Liberty St.
New York, NY
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U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2
New York City Response and Recovery Operations
290 Broadway
New York, NY 10007-1866
May 2003
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Acknowledgments
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is grateful for the generous
contribution of Mr. David M. Baldwin of Liberty Street Associates, LLC for his generosity in
providing 110 Liberty Street as the study building.
This project was designed by EPA with the support of the Indoor Air Work Group of EPA's
Interagency Indoor Air Task Force. The efforts of the task force were essential to successful
implementation of the study. The work group organizations directly involved in the development
of the project included: the Federal Emergency Management Agency; the New York City
Department of Environmental Protection; the New York City Department of Health and Mental
Hygiene; The City of New York Mayor's Office of Environmental Coordination; the New York
City Office of Emergency Management; the New York State Department of Health and Mental
Hygiene; the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration; EPA's Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, and EPA Region
2.
Note:
This interim final report is a working document that will be subject to further agency and third-
party review. EPA intends to excerpt, and possibly expand, portions of this report for inclusion
in manuscripts that will be submitted to scientific journals for review and consideration for
publishing.
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Table of Contents
Acknowledgments -i-
Executive Summary 1
1. Introduction 4
1.1 Background/Obj ectives 4
1.2 Identification of Contaminants of Potential Concern (COPC) 5
1.3 Development of Clearance Criteria for Lead 6
1.4 The Project Team 7
1.5 Cleaning Methods 7
1.6 The Work Plan 9
1.7 Proj ect Documentation 9
2. Cleaning Activities 10
2.1 Building Logistics 10
2.2 Personal Air Sampling, Personal Protective Equipment and Safety Risks 13
2.3 Equipment 13
2.4 Cleaning Methods 16
2.5 Mobilization 17
2.6 Cleaning of Residential Units 17
2.7 Cleaning of Commercial Units, Common Areas and Basement 19
2.8 Cleaning of Non-Study Commercial Units 21
2.9 Cleaning of Building Exterior/Roof 22
2.10 Summary of Cleaning Activity 23
2.11 Difficulties Encountered and Resolutions 24
3. Sampling Activities 27
3.1 Baseline Sampling 27
3.2 Pre-Cleanup Sampling 27
3.3 Sampling During Cleaning 28
3.4 Post-Cleanup Sampling 28
3.5 Sampling Supplies and Equipment 29
3.6 Sample Analysis and Management 31
3.7 Analytical Data 32
3.8 Difficulties Encountered and Resolutions 32
3.9 Modifications to the Study 33
3.10 Supplemental Sampling Activities 34
3.11 Mercury Vapor Using Lumex® Analyzer 34
4. Analytical Results 35
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5. Discussion 103
5.1 Data Sets 103
5.2 Extent of Contamination 104
5.3 Location of Units 108
5.4 Comparison to Health-Based Benchmarks 108
5.5 Cleaning Effectiveness 108
5.6 Multiple Cleaning Events Ill
5.7 Sampling Methods 113
5.8 Air Disturbance 115
5.9 Filter Overloading 116
5.10 HVAC System 117
5.11 Observations 118
5.12 Complexities 119
6. Summary 120
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Executive Summary
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) responded to the September 11, 2001
attack on the World Trade Center (WTC) in conjunction with the President's declaration of a
national disaster. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the federal government
office coordinating disaster response, issued mission assignments to EPA related to:
cleaning dust and debris from the streets of lower Manhattan
assessing the ambient environment through analysis of air and dust samples
providing washing stations for decontamination of personnel and equipment involved in
dust and debris removal operations, and
disposing of hazardous materials found at the WTC response and recovery site.
Residents of lower Manhattan expressed concerns about the safety and reliability of cleaning
methods utilized to remove dust and debris from residential unit interiors and building exteriors.
Traditional FEMA support programs were available; however, residents requested additional
assurance. To address concerns about the extent of indoor impact of dust and debris, as well as
concerns regarding fire-related particle deposition, EPA Administrator Christine Todd Whitman
formed an Interagency Indoor Air Task Force. The task force included representatives from the
following agencies: EPA, FEMA, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
(NYCDOHMH), the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYCDEP), the
New York City Office of Emergency Management, the New York City Mayor's Office of
Environmental Coordination, the New York State Health Department, the New York State
Department of Environmental Conservation, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA), and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). The
multidisciplinary, interagency group focused on issues of concern to residents and developed
coordinated strategies to address the concerns.
In May 2002, EPA, FEMA and New York City (NYC) announced a voluntary cleanup program
for residential units in lower Manhattan. This program would run parallel to and simultaneously
with several other efforts, in order to reassure residents regarding the potential risks from
exposure to residual WTC dust and debris, and to provide residents with the opportunity to have
WTC residual material removed from their units as expeditiously as possible. Funded by FEMA
through interagency agreements with EPA and NYC, these efforts include:
identification of Contaminants of Potential Concern (COPC)
a background study of the COPC in upper Manhattan (Background Study)
inspection and cleaning of building exteriors in lower Manhattan
Indoor Air Residential As si stance-WTC Dust Cleanup Program (WTC Dust Cleanup
Program)
cleaning of unoccupied, uncleaned residential buildings, and
study of cleaning techniques in an unoccupied building adjacent to the WTC site that was
directly impacted by the WTC collapse (WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study).
This report presents the results of the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study (study)
conducted by EPA.
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Background
Following the attack on the World Trade Center, residential living spaces in the immediate
vicinity of ground zero were impacted by dust and debris. Samples of dust and debris collected
by EPA from the streets of lower Manhattan contained asbestos at levels greater than one percent
of sample mass in approximately 35 percent of the 160 samples taken between September 11,
2001 and October 10, 2001. A study of residential unit interiors proximal to the WTC site was
funded by FEMA, and implemented by ATSDR and NYCDOHMH with EPA support. This
study concluded that although air sampling indicated that asbestos in air benchmarks had not
been exceeded, residual material in the dust was attributable to the WTC attack and collapse.
Preliminary results of this study were provided early in 2002. Final results were issued in
September 2002.1
Shortly after the disaster, NYCDOHMH, EPA and others provided the residents of lower
Manhattan with recommendations on cleaning methods through the media, fact sheets and
community meetings. These recommendations were based on previously established cleaning
procedures that were proven to be effective in removing layered particulate matter and debris
with minimal dust generation.
Objectives
In an effort to provide additional information to the public on cleaning methods that may be
effective in reducing contaminants from dust generated by the WTC collapse and recovery
efforts, EPA, in concert with FEMA and NYC, commenced a study of a building on Liberty
Street, just south of the WTC site, that had been heavily impacted by the collapse of the twin
towers. The purpose of the study was to confirm the adequacy of various cleaning and
vacuuming methods used by residents and professional cleaning companies, in the aftermath of
the attack, to clean dust and debris from residential living areas.
Project Implementation
EPA and its contractors commenced the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study on June
14, 2002. The study addressed cleaning of a complex mixture of contaminants, including
construction debris and fire-related compounds. EPA was unaware of a precedent for an indoor
environmental cleanup with such a diverse set of parameters; however, time pressures did not
allow for conducting extensive research on potential cleaning techniques in a controlled setting.
The real-time need to determine the effectiveness of the cleaning methods being used by
residents, and being employed in the WTC Dust Cleanup Program, drove the decision to field
test the effectiveness of the standard dust removal methods in a heavily impacted, unoccupied
building.
Eleven cleaning methods were selected for testing and assigned to residential units within the
building according to the levels of observed dust. An attempt was made to test each method in
units with both significant and minimal levels of dust.
Multiple endpoints were used in the study to ensure that the complexity of the dust was
comprehensively considered. Analytical results were compared to health-based benchmarks for
pre-selected COPC to determine if the cleaning was successful in achieving these values. The
'New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
Registry (NY CDOHMH). (2002). Final Report of the Public Health Investigation to Assess Potential Exposures to
Airborne and Settled Dust in Residential Areas of Lower Manhattan.
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COPC included: asbestos, lead, dioxin, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), fibrous glass
and crystalline silica (alpha-quartz, cristobalite, tridymite.)
The study used a combination of data sets to determine the extent of contamination, the
effectiveness of cleaning methods, and the differences of sampling and analytical methods.
A summary of the significant conclusions of the study are provided below. These include
observations about the extent of WTC-related contamination within the building and the
effectiveness of the cleaning methods tested in the study.
Conclusions Regarding Contamination of the Building:
The study found that the observation of WTC dust is an indicator that WTC contaminants
may be present and that the amount of WTC dust correlates with the level of
contamination.
The study found that concentrations of some contaminants in the WTC dust were
elevated above health-based benchmarks.
Conclusions Regarding Cleaning Effectiveness:
The study demonstrated that the use of a standard cleaning method of vacuuming and wet
wiping significantly reduced levels of WTC-related contamination with each cleaning
event and was successful in reducing concentrations to levels below health-based
benchmarks.
The study found that one to three cleanings were necessary to reduce contamination levels
to below health-based benchmarks, and the number of cleanings required generally
correlated with the levels of contamination initially identified in the units.
The study found that standard Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC)
cleaning methods reduced the concentrations of WTC contaminants in HVAC systems.
The study found that conducting asbestos air sampling was a conservative method for
determining if additional cleaning was needed.
The study successfully demonstrated that standard cleaning practices are effective in removing
the complex mixture of WTC dust, thereby reducing individual exposure to WTC-related
contaminants. Therefore, EPA's recommendation continues to be that individuals concerned
about the presence of WTC dust use HEP A vacuums and wet wiping to remove the dust from
their dwellings. Depending on the amount of dust deposited, repeated cleanings may be
necessary.
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1. Introduction
In an effort to provide information to the public on cleaning methods that would be effective in
removing dust and contaminants generated by the WTC collapse and recovery efforts, EPA, in
concert with FEMA and NYC, began a study of a building that had been impacted. The building
was located on Liberty Street, just south of the WTC site. On June 14, 2002, EPA and its
contractors commenced the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study to confirm the
adequacy of various cleaning and vacuuming methods that may have been used by the residents
of lower Manhattan and professional cleaning companies to clean dust and debris from
residential living areas.
1.1 Background/Objectives
Shortly after the collapse of the WTC, NYCDOHMH, EPA and others provided the residents of
lower Manhattan with recommendations on cleaning methods through the media, fact sheets and
community meetings. These recommendations were based on previously established cleaning
procedures that were proven to be effective in removing layered particulate matter and debris,
with minimal dust generation. The WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study was
conducted to provide the residents with additional information. The effectiveness of the cleaning
methods tested in the study was evaluated through the collection and analysis of pre-cleanup and
post-cleanup samples, and comparison of the resulting analytical data to health-based screening
levels for the COPC. Table 1.0 presents the primary clearance criteria used to determine
cleaning effectiveness.
The study's COPC included: asbestos in air by phase contrast microscopy equivalent (PCMe) ,
lead in air and settled dust, dioxin in air and settled dust, PAH in air and settled dust, fibrous
glass and man made vitreous fibers (MMVF) in air, and alpha-quartz in air. More detail on the
selection of these compounds is included in Section 1.2.
In addition to evaluating data for the COPC in their respective media identified above, data was
also evaluated for COPC that were analyzed using alternate analytical methods [e.g., asbestos in
air using PCM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Asbestos Hazard Emergency
Response Act (AHERA), COPC in other media (e.g., asbestos, MMVF, and alpha-quartz in
settled dust), compounds that were included as part of the crystalline silica analytical analysis
(e.g., cristobalite, tridymite, calcite, and gypsum in air and wipe samples]. The results from these
additional analyses were primarily used to evaluate the cleaning methods as there were no health-
based benchmarks for comparison. The exception would be the asbestos in air PCM and TEM
AHERA results, which in addition to being used to evaluate the cleaning methods, were also
"3
compared to their respective regulatory criteria. These regulatory criteria are referred to as
2
The asbestos air samples were collected according to NIOSH 7400 (PCM). The sample filters were
analyzed using a modified AHERA method. Although the total TEM (AHERA) fiber count was recorded, a separate
PCM-equivalent (PCMe) count was recorded by modifying the AHERA method to count only fibers greater than 5
|im (micrometer). It is this modified-AHERA PCMe fiber count that was the basis of the asbestos test results and
clearance criterion.
3 2
The regulatory clearance criterion for TEM AHERA was 70 S/cm , converted to 0.022 S/cc, based on a
volume of 1200 cc. The regulatory criterion for PCM AHERA was 0.01 f/cc based on a volume of 1200 cc.
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secondary numeric criteria. Cleaning continued in the residential units and commercial spaces
until primary clearance criteria were achieved. Some areas required three cleaning events.
This report provides information on the type of cleaning and sampling methods that were used,
the results of the analytical analyses performed, and the conclusions that were made based on the
information collected.
1.2 Identification of Contaminants of Potential Concern (COPC)
Under the auspices of the Interagency Indoor Air Task Force working group, a committee was
formed to identify contaminants of potential concern (COPC) and associated health-based
clearance criteria for the lower Manhattan clean-up program. Among other purposes, this
initiative was intended to inform the selection of contaminants to monitor in the WTC
Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study and Background Study and to provide a measure of
cleaning effectiveness by establishing health-based clean-up goals for indoor air and settled dust.
A draft of the COPC/Benchmarks Report prepared by EPA was peer reviewed on October 21-22,
2002. The final report is currently being completed. As such, the COPC identified for inclusion
in the study reflect those contaminants cited in the peer review draft of the COPC/Benchmarks
Report.4
The development of the COPC report began with an assessment of the indoor environment by
reviewing historical information on hazardous substances that have been associated with building
fires and collapses. Many compounds, including combustion byproducts such as dioxins and
PAH were identified, along with building materials such as asbestos and fibrous glass. Ambient
air, indoor air, and indoor/outdoor bulk dust monitoring data were also reviewed. Data sources
included EPA's ambient air and bulk dust/debris monitoring program (www.epa.gov/wtc),
OSHA's air/dust monitoring data, and the NYCDOHMH/ATSDR indoor air pilot program. A
concerted effort was also made to identify and review additional sources of WTC-related data
from other governmental agencies (e.g., U.S. Geological Survey, NYC Department of Education)
academic institutions, environmental organizations, and the private sector.
A semi-quantitative screening process was performed on the collected sampling data referenced
above. Based on frequency of detection, concentration, and inherent toxicity, contaminants that
exceeded health-based screening levels for ambient air were identified. Dioxin and PAH were
added to the COPC list by this process. In addition, building constituents with carcinogenic
effects (asbestos) or irritant effects (fibrous glass, alpha-quartz) that were consistently and
significantly found in bulk debris and indoor dust samples were identified as COPC.5 Finally,
lead was included based on a comparison of sampling data with existing regulatory standards.
Collectively, the resulting group of contaminants (asbestos, lead, dioxin, PAH, fibrous glass and
alpha-quartz) are called "contaminants of potential concern" or COPC in this report.
4
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (September, 2002). World Trade Center Indoor Air Assessment:
Selecting Contaminants of Concern and Setting Health-Based Benchmarks. A draft report. Peer review has been
completed; final publication pending. Customarily referred to as the COPC/Benchmarks Report.
5NYCDOHMH, 2002.
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1.3 Development of Clearance Criteria for Lead
At the time the study was initiated, COPC benchmarks were established for all contaminants
"3
except lead. Initially, the clearance criterion used for lead was 0.1 |ig/m , which was based on
an estimated national background concentration. Risk-based clearance criteria for lead in indoor
air provide a means to evaluate the effectiveness of the WTC residential cleaning program.
Information on background concentrations of lead in indoor air also informs attainment of
cleanup objectives. Background information has been obtained from historical information on
ambient air lead concentrations in urban environments, and will be further refined with data from
a site-specific background study being conducted as part of the WTC Dust Cleanup Program.
Table 1.0
Primary Clearance Criteria I set! lo Determine Ueocciipancv''
Compound
Air
Settled Dust
Asbestos
0.0009 S/cc
N/A
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)
0.2 ^ig/m3
300 (J,g/m2
Dioxin/Furan
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
Lead
1 |ig/m3
25 (Ag/ft2
(micro vacuum comparison
value 25 (.ig/fr)
Fibrous Glass (Man-made Vitreous Fibers)
10S/L
N/A
Alpha-quartz (0.001 mg/nr - 0.004 mg/nr based on
analytical methods)
0.004 mg/m3
N/A
EPA's risk assessment methodology for lead has been advanced through use of a biokinetic
n
model that incorporates a biomarker of exposure/effect (blood lead) and multimedia exposure
modeling. Through use of this model EPA identifies a goal of reducing environmental lead
exposure so that 95 percent of childhood blood lead levels are below 10 jag/dl. This goal is
"3
accomplished when the airborne lead concentration is set at 1 (J,g/m , and input values for all
other sources of environmental lead exposure (e.g., water, soil, dust, diet) are set at background
concentrations.
6 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (September, 2002). World Trade Center Indoor Air Assessment:
Selecting Contaminants of Concern and Setting Health-Based Benchmarks. Values have been excerpted from this
draft report.
7U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (February, 1994). Guidance Manual for the Integrated Exposure
Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children. (OSWER EPA/540/R/93/081).
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1.4 The Project Team
The study was designed, implemented and managed by EPA staff with the assistance of EPA's
contractors: WRS Infrastructure and Environment, Inc. (WRS) and Weston Solutions, Inc.
(Weston).
EPA's project team consisted of three individuals from the Region 2 Removal Action Branch
detailed to the region's New York City Response and Recovery Operations (NYCRRO). The
individuals included a Section Chief and two On-Scene Coordinators (OSCs) who were
responsible for overall management and oversight of the contractors assigned to the project. All
communication regarding site work activities, work scheduling, difficulties encountered,
deviations from the work plan or sampling plan, and project progress were addressed by the
OSCs on a daily basis.
The WRS project team consisted of fourteen individuals: the response manager, the site health
and safety officer, the project coordinator/field accountant, the foreman, and seven laborers who
were supported by the program manager, the alternate program/contracts manager, and the
corporate health and safety manager. WRS provided equipment and services associated with the
cleaning operations.
The Weston project team consisted of eight individuals: the project manager, two sample
technicians, two technical writers, one technical artist and two data validators who were
supported by the program manager and assistant program manager. Weston provided
deliverables and services associated with the sampling operations.
1.5 Cleaning Methods
The Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study called for the testing of eleven cleaning methods.
These ranged from basic vacuuming with standard household equipment, to wet vacuuming of
carpets, to the use of commercial quality vacuums equipped with High Efficiency Particulate Air
(HEPA) filters, to wet wiping with water only or soap and water, to cleaning of HVAC systems.
The study focused primarily on cleaning methods used to clean residential living areas.
However, two commercial units were included in the study. Cleaning of the commercial units
was necessary to avoid the redistribution of dust from uncleaned areas to clean areas, because the
commercial units were located on the same floor of the building as the apartments. These units
also provided an opportunity to gain experience relative to the cleaning of heating, ventilation,
and air conditioning units that may have been impacted by the WTC collapse. Cleaning of the
commercial units was a condition of the access agreement agreed to with the building owner.
At the time of the WTC attack, these two commercial units had been used as a Chiropractor's
Office and a retail Mattress Store. To complete the remainder of the building, three additional
commercial units, including two restaurants (Lemongrass Grill and The Food Exchange) and a
Barber Shop were cleaned.
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EPA applied up to two cleaning methods in each of thirteen residential units, and up to five
cleaning methods in each of two commercial units. The eleven cleaning methods tested are
presented below:
1. Residential quality upright vacuums and shop vacuums.
2. Residential quality upright vacuums and shop vacuums with the addition of an Air
Filtration Device (AFD).
3. HEPA-filtered upright and shop vacuums.
4. HEPA-filtered upright and shop vacuums with the addition of an AFD.
5. Industrial quality HEPA-filtered vacuums.
6. Industrial quality HEPA-filtered vacuums with the addition of an AFD.
(This cleaning method was used in both residential and commercial units.)
7. Wet wiping of all horizontal and/or vertical surfaces with soap and water.
8. Carpet cleaning.
9. Standard cleaning procedures used by professional duct cleaning companies for the
cleaning of air conditioning (A/C) systems, ducts and related equipment.
10. Use of water only for wet wipe of horizontal and/or vertical surfaces.
11. Scope A cleaning procedures developed by EPA and New York City for the cleaning of
units in lower Manhattan.
Determination of which cleaning method would be studied in each rental unit was based on the
apparent level of impact that unit had endured as a result of the WTC collapse. EPA developed a
set of four tests to evaluate cleaning methods in the rental units. The tests were assigned based
upon readily observable impact by WTC dust, and prescribed six of the eleven cleaning methods
to be used to respond to each level of impact. Up to five different cleaning tests were tested in
each residential and commercial unit. Factors related to level of impact included directional
exposure to ground zero and location of the unit in the building.
At project commencement, a visual assessment of the level of impact each rental unit had
sustained was performed. This assessment was utilized to assign each rental unit to an applicable
cleaning test. The assignment process was modified to ensure that each of the cleaning methods
was applied (tested) in units that had experienced both low and high levels of observable impact.
The effectiveness of the cleaning methods was evaluated through the collection and analysis of
pre-cleanup and post-cleanup samples, and through comparison of the resulting analytical data to
the COPC, to determine if the cleaning method achieved health-based screening levels. The
COPC evaluated in this study were: asbestos in air by PCMe, lead in air and settled dust, dioxin
in air and settled dust, PAH in air and settled dust, fibrous glass (MMVF) in air, and alpha-quartz
in air.
Data was also evaluated from other compounds that do not have health-based benchmarks
established in EPA's COPC/Benchmark Report. These included asbestos in air by PCM and
TEM AHERA, asbestos in settled dust, calcite in air and settled dust, gypsum in air and settled
dust, cristobalite in air and settled dust, tridymite in air and settled dust, fibrous glass (MMVF) in
settled dust by wipe sampling, alpha-quartz in settled dust by wipe sampling and total settled dust.
After the initial cleaning of each unit, the OSC reviewed the established cleanup criteria, reviewed
the analytical results, and provided direction as to which units required additional cleaning. In the
event that it was determined that a unit did not achieve the primary clearance criteria, it was
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cleaned a second time using the same method as the original test. The unit was then tested again
for the COPC that did not meet the health-based benchmark during the first test. If the unit failed
to achieve the cleanup criteria again, it was cleaned with the strongest equipment (commercial
quality vacuum with HEPA filter and an AFD). Midway through the project, the clearance
criterion for lead was revised to use a health-based benchmark rather than a background level
benchmark. This eliminated the need for re-cleaning some units, because the revised criterion
indicated lead levels were lower than the newly established benchmark. For the most part, the
health-based benchmarks were achieved after the first or second cleaning was completed.
However, two units required three cleanings.
Air samples were collected to monitor for employee exposure during cleaning operations.
Results are presented in Attachment A, Personal Monitoring Data.
1.6 The Work Plan
Specific procedures that were followed to perform the study, and a summary of all changes that
were made to the work plan during the course of the study, are presented in Attachment B, The
Work Plan and Changes to the Work Plan.
1.7 Project Documentation
At project commencement, digital photographs of all building interiors and building contents
were taken. An inventory of personal belongings was developed. Photo documentation of the
condition of each unit was compiled prior to each activity in the unit. Contents, conditions and
specific areas of interest were digitally recorded. Photo documentation continued during initial
sampling tasks. A record of equipment, materials, procedures and areas sampled was also
maintained. Crews working in each unit were photographed. Procedures, equipment, and
conditions were recorded during cleaning operations. All photographs were digitally recorded
and are available upon request from EPA.
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2. Cleaning Activities
2.1 Building Logistics
The study was conducted in a building supporting both residential and commercial use at the
southern edge of ground zero. Located at 110 Liberty Street, New York, NY, the building is
situated between Liberty and Cedar Streets. Accessible from both Liberty and Cedar Streets, it
has a co-address of 113-117 Cedar Street. The location of the building in relation to ground zero
is presented in Attachment C, Site Map. The building contains thirteen residential apartments
and five commercial units, as well as common areas. It is five stories high. Prior to the WTC
attack, all of the residential units were occupied, and the commercial units accommodated
operating businesses. The configuration of the building interior is presented in Attachment D,
Floor Plans.
The Residential Apartments
The thirteen residential apartments range in size from 655 square feet to 1,335 square feet. The
dwellings have an open floor plan design. Each provides a kitchen, a bathroom, and bedrooms,
as well as a utility closet containing a water heater and a furnace.
The Commercial Units
The five commercial units range in size from 716 square feet to 2,451 square feet. Two of these,
both located on the second floor, were cleaned as part of the study:
Chiropractor's Office
Mattress Store
The remaining three commercial units were not part of the study, but were cleaned at the
conclusion of the study, to complete the remainder of the building and to satisfy a condition of
access for EPA to conduct the study:
Lemongrass Grill
• The Food Exchange
Barber Shop
The Lemongrass Grill has dining room facilities located on the first floor. Its preparation
facilities are located in the basement. The Food Exchange is located on the first floor. Its
preparation facilities are also in the basement. The Barber Shop is entirely situated in the
basement.
The Common Areas
Common areas include an elevator, stairwells and hallways. There is a trash compactor room
and a utility room on floors two through five. A common laundry room is located on the second
floor. The basement contains an elevator shaft and motor room, a trash compactor room, a fire
equipment room, the Barber Shop and preparation and storage areas for The Food Exchange and
Lemongrass Grill.
Air Conditioning Systems
All of the residential and commercial units included in the study were heated by hot water
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baseboard systems. In most cases, window-mounted air conditioners were in place to cool the
residential units. Types of air conditioning systems present in the building are identified in
Table 2.0.
Table 2.0
Air C onditioning Systems by I nil
Unit
System
Residential A purl men is 5A. 5C. 5D
Ductless A C unit, with remote
condenser compressor unit
Residential Apartments 2A, 2B, 3B, 3C, 3D,
4A, 4B, 4C, 4D
Window/wall mounted units
Baldwin Really Company (3A)
Ductless A C with remote
condenser compressor unit
Chiropractor's Office
Air handling unit with remote
condenser/compressor unit (Atrium)
Mattress Store
Air handling unit with remote
condenser/compressor unit (Atrium)
Lemongrass Grill
HVAC self contained system, makeup air
system with hood, 2 ductless air systems with
remote compressor/condenser units (Atrium)
The Food Exchange
Two air handling units with remote cooling
tower (Atrium)
Barber Shop
Ductless A/C unit with remote
condenser/compressor unit
Building Condition
Both Cedar Street and Liberty Street were closed to traffic after the WTC attack. Tenants were
not permitted to enter the building. EPA, other governmental officials, and the building owner
had been the only individuals authorized to enter the building since September 11, 2001.
Presently, the residential spaces of the building are being re-occupied. The NYC Building
Department inspected the building for structural integrity prior to EPA mobilization to the site.
The building interior had been professionally cleaned by the building owner, Liberty Street
Associates, LLC, shortly after the collapse of the WTC. Those cleaning activities focused on the
removal of gross dust and debris. Floors, walls and ceilings were cleaned using HEPA vacuums,
AFDs and wet wiping using soap and water. Personal items, such as furniture, clothing,
electronics and kitchenware were not cleaned. The cleaning began on October 29, 2001 and was
completed on November 11, 2001. The cleaning performed during this period was limited to the
residential units, the common areas, the basement, the roof, and the Baldwin Realty Company
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office. None of the other commercial spaces had been cleaned.
Although the cleaning discussed above took place prior to implementation of the study, there had
been significant redeposition of dust that had become airborne during the removal of the WTC-
related debris. At project assignment, the Chiropractor's Office and the Mattress Store were
covered with inches of dust. The New York City Fire Department vacuumed dust from these
units just prior to commencement of the study, as part of the recovery operation. Prior to
cleaning, each unit was inspected and photographed to document its condition and contents.
Bulk dust samples were collected.
At the onset of the project, the condition of the units varied. Some units evidenced significant
impact, while other units evidenced minimal impact by dust and debris related to the WTC
incident. The units facing Liberty Street contained a larger quantity of dust than those facing
Cedar Street. All of the residential and commercial units contained dust generated and
redeposited by the work effort at ground zero. The amount of dust appeared to be dependent on
the location of the unit with respect to its orientation to ground zero, and the degree of damage it
had sustained during and after the collapse.
During the initial cleaning, the doors and broken windows facing Liberty Street had been secured
with plywood. However, they were not secured in a manner that would sufficiently seal them to
prevent the entry of dust being generated during debris removal operations. Likewise, skylights
located on the top floors of the building had been damaged and offered a pathway for dust to
migrate into the building. These conditions existed during most of the WTC recovery effort.
Building Contents
All of the residential rental units contained personal possessions. Some units were fully
furnished, containing numerous personal possessions. Others contained few furnishings and/or
personal possessions. The commercial units contained property customarily found in those types
of business establishments. For example, the Mattress Store contained a display of twenty-five
box springs and mattresses. The restaurants contained dining room tables, chairs, food
preparation equipment, and food.
Prior to commencement of cleaning operations, each tenant was contacted for the purpose of
scheduling an appointment to determine the tenant's wishes relative to disposition of their
belongings. At the appointment, residents were suited with hooded, powered air-purifying
respirators (PAPR), which pull ambient air through a filter. The residents were advised of the
applicable aspects of the Health and Safety Plan, including dust and respiratory hazards. (The
Health and Safety Plan is discussed in Section 2.2 below.) The residents then accompanied EPA
into the apartments to review contents and to discuss the planned disposition of personal
property.
Residents were advised that retention of porous items was not recommended due to the
difficulties associated with cleaning and testing. Residents were given the option of having their
possessions: cleaned on the spot so the resident could immediately take possession, cleaned later
and left in the apartment, or disposed of by EPA.
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2.2 Personal Air Sampling, Personal Protective Equipment and Safety Risks
Personal air sampling was conducted for the workers that were participating in cleaning
activities. Air sampling conformed to the site specific Air Surveillance Plan which is included in
Section 8.0 of the Site Health and Safety Plan. The Site Health and Safety Officer conducted
daily air sampling of employee exposure to three contaminants: asbestos, alpha-quartz and lead.
On only one occasion during the study was the permissible level for alpha-quartz exceeded.
Comprehensive information relative to health and safety is provided in Attachment E, Health and
Safety Plan, Changes and Issues.
Personal Protective Equipment
The study was conducted using the following levels of protection:
Level D+: This level of protection requires employees to wear safety glasses, disposable
coveralls (Tyvek®), disposable head coverings, disposable undergarments, disposable
gloves, disposable boot covers, steel-toed boots, and hearing protection (if applicable).
Level C: This level of protection requires employees to supplement the above with an air
purifying respirator (half face or full face PAPR) equipped with PI00 cartridges.
Safety Risks
At project onset, all units and common areas were inspected to assess building condition and to
identify safety risks such as: gas, oil, and water leaks; perishable foods; rodent/insect
infestations; damaged floors, walls, stairways, and elevators. All safety risks identified were
eliminated prior to commencement of cleaning activities. The safety risks identified included
electrical concerns, necessary building repairs, building access concerns, and rodent infestation.
Additional details relative to safety risks are provided in Attachment E, Health and Safety Plan,
Changes and Issues.
2.3 Equipment
EPA selected equipment similar or identical to the equipment observed in use by residents of
lower Manhattan after the attack on the WTC, and tested use of this equipment in performing the
cleaning of residential apartments at the project site. A commercially produced vacuum
manufactured by Nilfisk™ Advance Vacuum Systems was selected to provide industrial strength
vacuuming technology, because many management companies who cleaned residential and
commercial spaces in lower Manhattan purchased Nilfisk™ equipment. Furthermore, confidence
in the strength of the equipment had been evidenced in that it had been used by companies to
clean federal buildings of anthrax prior to the study.
In the aftermath of the WTC attack, vacuums were made available to the general public by the
American Red Cross, and a vacuum reimbursement program was established by New York State
in conjunction with FEMA. The vacuums made available to the public included vacuums with
HEPA-filtration made by Eureka®, Hoover® and Mastercraft®. Shop vacuums produced under
the Ridgid® brand and Craftsman® brand were also observed in use by residents of lower
Manhattan in the wake of the attack. High efficiency particulate air (HEP A) filters are capable of
trapping and retaining at least 99.97 percent of all mono-dispersed particles of 0.3 micrometers in
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diameter. The study tested cleaning using vacuums with and without HEPA filtration.
An Air Filtration Device (AFD) is a local exhaust system with HEPA filtration that is capable of
creating and maintaining a negative pressure differential between the outside and the inside of the
work area. The AFD functions as a stand-alone piece of equipment in a room. During the study,
the AFD was used as an air-polishing device, to capture dust particles that became airborne as a
result of disturbances caused by the cleaning activities. The study tested cleaning with and
without use of AFDs.
Shop vacuums are easy to maneuver and are designed to pick up dust, shavings and debris.
Upright vacuums are designed for use on horizontal surfaces such as floors. For purposes of the
study:
The Eureka® and Hoover® upright vacuums were purchased both as devices with HEPA
filtration and as devices with standard bag filtration.
The Ridgid® and Craftsman® shop vacuums were interchangeable. (Both can be changed
from a standard cartridge filter to a HEPA-rated cartridge.)
Wet vacuums are designed to clean horizontal porous surfaces with soap and water (shampoo).
The wet vacuum used in the study was an upright model, providing a suction head lift of 103
inches of water. Suction head is the measure of the suction capacity of a wet vacuum pump. In
this case the wet vacuum pump is capable of lifting water 103 inches.
Table 3.0 identifies equipment manufacturer and model used in the study. However, there was
no intent of the study to compare manufacturers or the relationships between any particular
devices. The objective of the cleanup was to confirm the effectiveness of cleaning of individual
spaces using different equipment.
Table 3.0
Kqiiipmcnl MnnufiK'lurcr ;iihI Model
Make
Model
Nilfisk™
CFM127
Hoover 1 (HEPA)
U6459-900
Hoover
U5046-930
Craftsman
1 13.170250
Eureka1 (HEPA)
S4170
Eureka
7618
Ridgid
WD17351
Carpet Express
C4 (wet vac)
AC SI (AFD)
400/600
ForceAir 2.000 EC (AFD)
1000/2000
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Field Observations of Equipment Used
Upright vacuums are designed for use on horizontal surfaces such as floors. These use rotating
devices to collect dust, and do not provide direct suction force. Brush attachments were used on
the horizontal surfaces that could be reached. The hose attachments were limited according to
their length and hose type. Plastic hose was not as resilient as rubber or cloth-covered hose.
Attachments such as the crevice tools were used with ease because of their small profile. These
were made of plastic; therefore, they were not a concern around potential electrical sources. The
vacuums were noisy in the areas being cleaned due to the unfurnished state of the units, and
accordingly, the enhanced acoustics.
Shop vacuums are designed to provide easy unload of bulk debris. This type of vacuum typically
provides a suction head lift of 48-51 inches of water. The shop vacuums were easy to maneuver
even when pulled by the hose. They were also noisy in the unfurnished rooms. The hoses and
attachments were larger in diameter than those of the upright vacuums. Crevice tools were larger
than some spots to be cleaned. Cartridges loaded quickly with the fine dust being suctioned. Use
of tube extensions and extra hose lengths facilitated the cleaning of vertical walls and ceilings.
The cartridge filters required vacuuming to be cleaned of caked dust. Once this was completed,
the suction increased dramatically.
Commercial quality vacuums are designed for heavy use. This type of vacuum typically provides
a suction head lift of 82-93 inches of water. Certain accessories were specially designed for
specific applications and required some understanding of their operational adjustments. The
added instrumentation facilitated monitoring the operation of the equipment. Fine dust clogged
the primary filter cloth easily when used in extreme conditions; however, the HEPA filter when
checked visually appeared free of dust. Only the cloth filter required vacuuming. The Nilfisk™
vacuum has a duel motor drive, providing an intense suction allowing for better lift of trapped
material than that obtained by off-the-shelf equipment. Each Nilfisk™ vacuum arrived with a 20
amp rated plug that did not conform to the receptacles in the building. The appropriate plug ends
were procured and installed. At 92.6 pounds, the vacuum can be handled by one person who
maneuvers it in a manner similar to the maneuver of a shopping cart. However, two people are
required to ascend stairs with the vacuum.
Wet vacuums are designed to clean horizontal porous surfaces with soap and water (shampoo).
The wet vacuums used in the study were an upright model, providing a suction head lift of 103
inches of water. This vacuum was easy for one person to use. The vacuum required hot water to
work properly. The hot water had to be hand carried to the site in five-gallon buckets because
hot water was not available. The vacuum could spray water or soap individually or both soap
and water at the same time. It uniformly sprayed soap and water on the carpet. The soap and
water was allowed to penetrate the carpet, and was then suctioned off of the carpet. This
spraying capability facilitated the removal of dirt, dust, and debris from the surface.
Use of Swiffer brand cloths was discontinued quickly because of the small coverage area
provided. The cloth quickly loaded with dust and dried out. It then streaked the surfaces being
cleaned. Both wet and dry types of Swiffer® cloths were used with the same result. Windex®
brand cleaner and water was used as a replacement for the Swiffer® cloth.
Use of water without soap on horizontal surfaces resulted in smearing and re-deposit of the dirt.
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Water and ammonia-based cleaner (Windex®) did not smear. No difference in the cleanliness of
the carpets based on use of water or soap and water was observed visually.
2.4 Cleaning Methods
Eleven tests were developed to evaluate eleven different cleaning methods that may have been
used to clean residential and commercial spaces. To evaluate the equipment under comparable
and varying conditions, tests were performed using similar equipment to clean areas that had
both significant and minimal dust. Every attempt was made to evaluate each test on two spaces.
An outline of the tests and prescribed cleaning methods follows:
Test 1 (A, B)
A. Cleaning was conducted using residential quality upright vacuums and shop vacuums that
are available from Hoover®, Eureka®, Ridgid® and Craftsman®, as well as wet wiping.
B. Cleaning was conducted with the vacuums used in Test A, with the addition of an AFD,
as well as wet wiping.
Test 2 (A, B)
A. Cleaning was conducted in up to two units using HEPA-filtered upright vacuums and
HEPA-filtered shop vacuums available from Hoover®, Eureka®, Ridgid®, and Craftsman®,
as well as wet wiping.
B. Cleaning was conducted with the vacuums used in Test A, with the addition of an AFD,
as well as wet wiping.
Test 3 (A, B)
A. Cleaning was conducted in up to two units using commercial quality HEPA-filtered
vacuums manufactured by Nilfisk™ Advance Vacuum Systems, as well as wet wiping.
B. Cleaning was conducted in up to two units with the vacuums used in Test A, with the
addition of an AFD, as well as wet wiping.
Test 4 (A, B ,C, D, E)
A. Cleaning was conducted in commercial units and common areas using commercial
quality HEPA-filtered vacuums manufactured by Nilfisk™ Advance Vacuum Systems8.
An AFD was used. Debris that could not be vacuumed was manually removed and
disposed.
B. (Wet Wiping.) Additional cleaning of wall surface areas was conducted to remove any
residues that may not have been removed by vacuuming. Wiping of the walls with a
damp soapy cloth was performed to remove residual dust that may have adhered to the
walls from the force of the collapse. Wet wiping of walls was performed in the
Chiropractor's Office, the Mattress Store, Unit 3C, and Unit 3B.
C. (Wet Vacuum.) Wall-to-wall carpeting was present in the Chiropractor's Office, and the
Mattress Store. The Chiropractor's Office was wet-vacuumed using hot water; the
Mattress Store was wet-vacuumed using hot water and carpet shampoo.
D. (HVAC Cleaning.) HVAC systems are located in the Chiropractor's Office, the Mattress
g
Test method 4A is the same as test method 3B. Both test methods use the same cleaning equipment. Test
method 4A was used in commercial units; test method 3B was used in residential units.
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Store, Lemongrass Grill, and The Food Exchange. These systems were cleaned by
professional duct cleaning companies using standard cleaning procedures.
E. (Wet Wiping.) Wet wiping was accomplished using water only on horizontal and vertical
surfaces. This cleaning procedure was applied in the Chiropractor's Office (bathroom tile
floor and desktop), the Mattress Store (vinyl tile floor and window ledge), and the Barber
Shop (vertical and horizontal surfaces).
Modified Scope A - Lower Manhattan Cleaning Procedure
Added as an amendment to the original work plan, this cleaning method mirrored the procedure
that EPA and NYC are implementing as part of the Indoor Air Residential Assistance-WTC Dust
Cleanup Program, with the exception of the cleaning of personal belongings. This procedure is
presented in Attachment F, Scope A - Lower Manhattan Cleaning Procedure.
2.5 Mobilization
Site activities began on June 17, 2002. Activities included mobilizing equipment and supplies,
establishing a temporary office, identifying emergency support services and contacting vendors
to arrange for specialized services and delivery of bulk items. Consolidated Edison was
contacted and installed a shunt from the main trunk line to the building to provide electricity.
Mobilization was completed by June 21, 2002. On June 24, 2002, WRS laborers arrived at the
study building to begin work. Work continued through the third week of October 2002.
Prior to commencement of the study, bulk samples were collected from three units in the
building. Samples were collected from units that contained excessive amounts of dust, in an
attempt to characterize the asbestos concentration in dust from worst case locations in the
building. Samples were collected from the Chiropractor's Office, the Mattress Store and
residential Unit 5C. Analysis of the samples indicated that less than one percent asbestos was
present. Therefore, NYC asbestos licensing and certification regulations did not apply to the
project. The federal OSHA asbestos standard (29 CFR 1926.1101) did apply to the project. At
EPA direction, WRS assigned a team of asbestos-trained personnel to the project. Two licensed
supervisors and two licensed workers were part of the operations team. All field operations
personnel had completed all applicable training.
2.6 Cleaning of Residential Units
The cleaning of each of the thirteen residential units was accomplished using the vacuum
equipment type prescribed by the designated test, as presented in Attachment H, Synopsis of
Cleaning Methods by Building Area and Fact Sheets. Management of waste was accomplished
as the cleaning activities occurred. The sequence of procedures followed in each residential unit
was the same.
Security. The first cleaning activity in each unit related to the securing of potential access points
from air infiltration, such as wall and window mounted air conditioning units. It was necessary to
clean the access points as they were secured, to ensure that use of the access points after cleaning
activities would not result in re-contamination. In order to limit unauthorized access to the
building and to protect equipment and supplies during daytime work hours, previously damaged
windows were secured and the entrance door to the building was continuously monitored. At the
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end of the work day, the entrance door on the Cedar Street side of the building was locked.
Where glass windows had been blown out, the temporary wood panels that had been installed for
site security purposes were removed and reinstalled to afford complete closure. Intact windows
were opened, and the jambs, sashes, and sills were cleaned thoroughly. The windows were then
closed. In windows where an air conditioning unit was present, the air conditioning unit was
removed from the window. The temporary protection on the exterior of the window was
removed. The window cabinet that had housed the air conditioning unit was vacuumed, then
covered with plastic to prevent air filtration. The air conditioning unit was vacuumed to remove
loose dust, wrapped in plastic, and disposed. Wall mounted air conditioning units were removed
from the wall, and sealed in plastic. The wall cabinet that had housed the air conditioning unit
was vacuumed, then covered with plastic to prevent air infiltration. The air conditioning unit was
vacuumed to remove loose dust, wrapped in plastic, and disposed. Disposal of the air
conditioning units and installation of new self-contained ductless systems was performed by the
building owner following completion of the study.
Waste Management. At the onset of the project, due to limited space outside the building, it was
necessary to line the hallways with plastic and to temporarily locate the items to be disposed,
including personal possessions, until a roll-off container could be procured. As cleaning
progressed, waste was accumulated and staged in the common areas by the elevator until a
sufficient quantity was gathered to fill a roll-off container. The waste was wrapped in plastic to
avoid cross-contamination of the hallways leading to the roll-off container. The removed
materials were hand-carried through the hallways and down the stairwell to the roll-off container
located outdoors, because the elevator was not functioning.
Vacuuming. Vacuuming commenced at the entrance doorway of the unit. Working from the
ceiling to the floor, toward the furthest area of the unit, all surfaces were vacuumed of loose dust
and debris. Walls, ceilings, doors, pipes, ledges, closets, cabinets, shelving, trim, fixtures, and
electrical outlets were vacuumed as they were encountered. Upon reaching the furthest point in
the unit, the direction of cleaning was reversed and the same cleaning procedures were followed
while returning to the point of origin at the entrance doorway. This procedure accomplished the
cleaning of each unit twice using the designated cleaning method.
Wet Wiping. Wet wiping was performed on all horizontal surfaces to remove dust. The WRS
cleaning crew applied wet wiping to all horizontal surfaces, including the floor, as they
progressed from the furthest point of the interior of the unit back to the door. Wet wiping was
the last activity performed in the unit.
Cleaning Air Conditioning Units. As noted in Section 2.1 above, two types of air conditioning
systems were used in the residential living spaces: window/wall mounted air conditioners, and
ceiling-mounted ductless air conditioners with remote condenser/compressor units. Bathroom
fans also presented airflow routes that needed to be cleaned. Ceiling-mounted air conditioners
were cleaned using HEPA-filtered equipment. The grills were removed to provide access to the
interior. The condenser and compressor units on the roof were visually inspected and found to be
clean. Removal of the ceiling cover to access the bathroom fan assemblies was necessary. The
fan and motor were vacuumed; the fan housing was wet wiped. The interior of the exhaust duct
was vacuumed to the first foot. The unit was reassembled and covered with poly sheeting.
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Baseboard heating components, including the hydronic finned radiation systems, were cleaned.
The protective covers were removed to expose the heating elements. The fins were then
vacuumed and brushed simultaneously to remove dust. The space located under the heating
element was vacuumed. The protective covers were reattached.
Cleaning of Refrigerators. Dishwashers and Stoves (including exhaust fans). Prior to cleaning
refrigerators, the appliance was unplugged and checked for food contents. If present, food was
removed, bagged and disposed. The coils, underbody, compressor compartment, and back of
each refrigerator was cleaned. Dust from the cooling coils was cleaned by elevating the
appliance and simultaneously using vacuums and specialized brushes. Upon completing these
activities the floor area where the refrigerator had been located was cleaned. Prior to cleaning,
each stove unit was disconnected from its electric receptacle and gas line. Old exhaust fan lights
and filters were removed and replaced. The first foot of the exhaust duct was vacuumed. The
stove hood was vacuumed. Prior to cleaning dishwashers, the toe plate was removed and dust
was vacuumed from under the appliance. After cleaning, all appliances were staged on plastic
for subsequent removal by the owner, who had decided to replace them.
Pre-Cleaning and Post-Cleaning Sampling. Pre-cleaning and post-cleaning sampling was
performed to measure levels of COPC. Sampling data was reviewed and a decision regarding the
need for additional cleaning was made. Wipe samples were collected from solid surfaces, both
vertical and horizontal. A micro vacuum technique was used on sofas, mattresses, and porous
materials. All sampling was conducted in accordance with the Quality Assurance Project Plan
(QAPP) contained within Attachment G, Sampling and Analysis Plan.
2.7 Cleaning of Commercial Units, Common Areas and Basement
The cleaning of each commercial unit was accomplished using the vacuum equipment type
prescribed by the designated test, as presented in Attachment H, Synopsis of Cleaning by
Building Area and Fact Sheets. Management of waste was accomplished as the cleaning
activities occurred. The sequence of procedures for vacuuming, wet wiping, waste management,
and pre-cleaning and post-cleaning sampling mirrored the procedures used in the residential
units. Cleaning of the HVAC systems and carpets presented the only significant differences from
the procedures used to clean the residential units. A discussion of the procedures used to clean
the HVAC systems and carpets in the commercial units and the procedures used to clean the
common areas and the basement follows.
HVAC Systems
The Chiropractor's Office is located in the north end of the building at the Liberty Street address.
It contains four patient rooms and an administrative section with a waiting room and a half bath
facility. The air conditioning system in the unit is suspended from the third floor deck above a
suspended acoustical tiled ceiling, located in the south end of the office space. It utilizes a
common closed return to convey air to the blower cabinet. The supply trunk runs northward,
supplying air to the balance of the rental space through supply diffuser grills. The system's
condenser/compressor unit is located on the building's atrium roof area at the second floor
elevation.
The Mattress Store is located in the north end of the building at the Liberty Street address. Space
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design is open throughout the unit, with a half bath, utility closet, and coat closet located in the
south end of the room. The AJC system air handler is suspended under the third floor deck,
above the suspended acoustical tiled ceiling. The system has two closed return air grills, a
blower cabinet, and a supply trunk with a four way directional supply grill. The system's
condenser/compressor unit is located in the building's atrium roof area at the second floor
elevation.
The procedures used to clean the Chiropractor's Office and Mattress Store were identical. They
mirrored the procedures used by HVAC cleaning companies when responding to ordinary HVAC
cleaning requisitions. The following cleaning activities were conducted, in the following order:
1. A clean plastic barrier was installed on the floor surface, three feet to either side of the
suspended HVAC system, from the return intake to the furthest supply grill.
2. Access points were selected at the return and supply sides of the duct system. A HEPA-
filtered vacuum collection system was installed at the end of the supply run to collect
internal dust.
3. A rotating brush system was used to dislodge dust in the direction of the vacuum
collection system.
4. Degreasing agents were used on the HVAC internal coil units and cleaned. Supply grills
were cleaned in a similar fashion.
5. A biocide agent was applied to the duct's internal components and allowed to dry.
6. An encapsulant was applied to the internal surfaces in order to ensure that residual dust
was sealed in.
7. The work area was cleaned of all equipment and plastic protection.
8. The system was visually inspected at the air handling unit access panels for view of
internal components. The duct work was visually inspected for dust in the return and in
the supply lines.
Carpet Cleaning (study)
Two methods were utilized to clean the carpets in the Chiropractor's Office and the Mattress
Store: l)Nilfisk vacuum with HEPA filtration, and 2) wet vacuuming. Carpets were wet-
vacuumed in the Chiropractor's Office and in the Mattress Store, using standard carpet
shampooing equipment available to the public at rental stores. The carpets were cleaned twice,
sampled, and disposed as porous material. Initially, the carpets were cleaned running in the
direction of the room from front to back (Liberty Street to Cedar Street). The carpets were then
cleaned again, in a direction crossing the room from side to side.
Warm water only was used in the Chiropractor's Office. Soap (carpet shampoo) and warm water
were used in the Mattress Store. Seven-in-One brand professional carpet shampoo,
manufactured by Kent Investment Corporation, was diluted at two ounces per gallon of water.
This dilution achieved 1,400-2,000 square feet of cleaning coverage.
Common Areas (study)
The common areas were the first areas of the building cleaned, in order to provide a dust-free
area for Level D entry through the common spaces, and to provide a safe location for equipment
storage. All foyers, stairways, and halls were vacuumed using commercial quality HEPA
vacuums. All horizontal and vertical surfaces in the common areas were wet wiped where
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possible. The common areas were re-cleaned as necessary due to traffic.
Stairwells were cleaned commencing at the Cedar Street doorway vestibule starting in the
stairwell at the ground entrance and proceeding to the rooftop access door. The stairwells were
then re-cleaned, following the same route back. The ceilings, walls, handrails, balusters, treads,
risers, fire protection equipment, lighting, and trim were cleaned.
The hallways of each floor were accessed through fire doors at the stairwell platform for each
floor. Access to each floor remained closed until each stair well had been cleaned from bottom
to top, and from top to bottom. The hallways were cleaned in the same manner as the stairwells,
except that not all of the hallway walls were wet wiped. The second floor hallway floor was
covered with vinyl tile. It was wet wiped. However, the third and fourth floor walls were made
of plywood. Wallpaper originally applied to the wall surfaces had been removed, leaving a rough
paste finish that was not conducive to wet wiping.
Each hallway contained a utility room with a wall-enclosed trash chute that led to the basement
of the building. Some items were discovered in the utility closets. Boxes that were unopened
were vacuumed and left in place. Other items were packaged for disposal. The utility areas did
not seem to be impacted by WTC dust.
An elevator accessing each floor was located on the Cedar Street side of the building. It was not
operational for the first two months of the project. Eventual repair of the elevator by others
allowed access to the inner compartment. The elevator cab and the exterior top of the cab were
vacuumed.
Basement (study)
The basement of the building is comprised of separate rooms: a trash compactor room, a motor
room associated with the elevator shaft, a common access area from the street, and a fire
protection equipment room. The brick walls of the basement were encrusted with mud,
indicating a high water level at some time in the building's history. These rooms were cleaned
using commercial HEPA equipment. Loose debris related to stone and mortar deterioration was
vacuumed from the walls and ledges of the base of the elevator shaft. Small rocks, paper, debris,
and rodent carcasses were removed.
2.8 Cleaning of Non-Study Commercial Units
As discussed in Section 2.1, three commercial units were cleaned at the conclusion of the study,
although they were not part of the study: Lemongrass Grill, the Food Exchange and the Barber
Shop. These units were cleaned using cleaning methods as presented in Attachment H, Synopsis
of Cleaning Methods by Building Area and Facts Sheets.
The sequence of procedures for vacuuming, wet wiping, waste management, and pre-cleaning
and post-cleaning sampling mirrored the procedures used in the residential units. Management
of waste was accomplished as the cleaning activities occurred. Disposal of debris was handled in
the same manner as in the residential units. Cleaning of the HVAC systems presented the only
significant difference from the cleaning procedures used in the residential units. A discussion of
the procedures used to clean the HVAC systems follows.
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Lemongrass Grill occupies 2,351 square feet of space. It utilizes a self-contained re-circulating
HVAC system, with no outdoor supply air, that is suspended above the floor in the south end of
the restaurant. Return air enters the unit through a grill located in the front side of the unit. The
air-handling unit is accessible through access doors on either side of the unit. The unit is
enclosed with one-half-inch sheet rock. A supply trunk runs northward through the restaurant
with three supply branches. A second source of duct is located adjacent to an exhaust hood for
the cooking equipment. This system is separate from the HVAC and supplies makeup air to the
hood area. Ambient air is drawn in from a grill above street level to a blower inside the building
that leads to a supply trunk. Four supply grills are adjacent to the food exhaust hood.
The Food Exchange is a restaurant that occupies 2,324 square feet of space, running from Cedar
Street at the South end through to Liberty Street on the north end. Two side-by-side air handlers
that share the supply air duct system are supported above a decorative tinned acoustical ceiling.
The supply duct system splits mid-building and runs approximately fifty feet in two opposite
directions. A water cooling tower is located outside the building on the building atrium. The air
handlers use a common air return with no makeup air being drawn from outside the building.
Access to the duct work on the north side of the building must be through the access grill
openings, because the ceiling is enclosed in sheet rock. Access to the duct work on the south
side is through a suspended ceiling. The ceiling tiles in the area of the duct work and the
insulation wrapping the duct work were removed prior to cleaning the ducts. The space from the
suspended ceiling to the upper deck, including the grid work, was vacuumed. An isolation wall
was fabricated to bar the north side from the south side.
The services of an HVAC consultant were secured to develop site-specific cleaning procedures
for the Lemongrass Grill and the Food Exchange, and to stipulate necessary controls, protective
measures, and standards for the cleaning and sampling confirmation process. These procedures
are provided in Attachment I, HVAC Cleaning Procedures.
The Barber Shop is situated below grade. The unit contains a ductless AJC system with a remote
condenser/compressor unit. The condenser/compressor unit is located above the entrance door
that accesses Liberty Street. The air handling system and the condenser/compressor unit was
cleaned in an effort to remove accumulated residual dust and debris so that the units could be
handled for disposal by the building owner.
2.9 Cleaning of Building Exterior/Roof
Cleaning of the building exterior and the rooftop was accomplished and monitored by the
NYCDEP. NYCDEP hired an asbestos abatement contractor to accomplish this task. Cleaning
of the building exterior was initiated at approximately the same time that cleaning of the interior
of the building began. NYCDEP subcontractors were required to vacuum and wash the building
exterior twice over a two-day period before acceptable results were achieved.
The building has two roof elevations: An atrium roof at the second floor level, and a roof at the
fifth floor level. Four residential compressor/condenser units are situated on the fifth floor roof.
These service ductless air conditioning units in the residential apartments. Prior to the study,
these units were cleaned by outside contractors. Three commercial compressor/condenser units
are situated on the atrium roof of the building. These units service the Chiropractor's Office, the
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Mattress Store and the Lemongrass Grill. These three units were cleaned as part of the study.
The Food Exchange air conditioning system utilizes a water-cooling tower located on the atrium
roof that was also cleaned.
2.10 Summary of Cleaning Activity
Table 4.0 presents an overview of the tests used to clean residential and common areas of the
building as well as a description of that area. A full description of the cleaning activities in each
area can be found in Attachment H, Synopsis of Cleaning Methods by Building Area and Fact
Sheets.
Table 4.0
Summary of Cleaning Activity
Unit/Area
Equipment Used
Cleaning
Method
Wet Wipe
First
Cleaning
Second
Cleaning
Third
Cleaning
2A
Ridgid® shop vacuum and
Hoover® upright, AFD
Test IB
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Asbestos
overload
Cleared for
C( )PC
2B
Industrial HEPA vacuum
Test 3A
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Cleared lor
COPC
2'"1 Floor
Common
Area
Industrial IIEl'A vacuum.
AM)
Test 4A
1 Iorizontal &
Vertical
Surfaces
soap water
Cleared for
COPC
3A
Craftsman® shop vacuum
and Eureka® upright,
w/HEPA and AFD
Test 2B
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Cleared for
COPC
3B
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Scope A
Horizontal &
Vertical
Surfaces
soap/water
Asbestos
overload mill
lead (wipe)
cxceeileiiee
Cleared for
C( )PC
3C
Craftsman * shop vacuum
and Eureka® upright
Test 1A
(1A)(1A)
(3B)
Horizontal &
Vertical
Surfaces
soap/water
Asbestos/
overload and
lead (micro
vacuum)
exceedence
Asbestos/
overload and
MMVT (air)
exceedance
Cleared for
COPC
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 3B
3D
Ridgid® shop vacuum and
Hoover® upright
Test 1A
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Asbestos/
overload
Cleared for
COPC
3rd Floor
Common
Area
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 4A
Horizontal &
Vertical
Surfaces
soap/water
Cleared for
COPC
4A
Craltsman shop vacuum
and Eureka upright.
111 PA
Test 2A
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Asbestos/
overload and
alpha-quart/.
(air)
exceedence
Cleared for
COPC
4B
Ridgid® shop vacuum and
Hoover® upright, HEPA
and AFD
Test 2B
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Cleared for
COPC
4C
Craftsman® shop vacuum
and Eureka® upright
Test 1A
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Cleared for
COPC
23
-------
Table 4.0
Summary of Cleaning Activity
Unit/Area
Equipment Used
Cleaning
Method
Wet Wipe
First
Cleaning
Second
Cleaning
Third
Cleaning
4D
Ridgid® shop vacuum and
Eureka® upright, HEPA
Test 2A
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
I iiiil (wipe)
exceed since
Cleared for
COPC
4'1' Moor
Common
Area
Industrial HEPA vacuum.
AM)
Test 4A
I Iorizontal &
Vertical
Surfaces
soap water
Cleared for
COPC
5A
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 3B
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Lesul (wipe)
exceed si nee
Cleared for
COPC
5C
Industrial HEPA vacuum
Test3A
(3A)(3A)(3B)
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Asbestos/
ovei'losid sind
\I\I\T (siir)
exceed si lice
Asbestos/
ovei'losid sind
MMVK (siir)
exceedsince
Cleared for
COPC
(asbestos:
modified-
aggressive
sampling)9
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 3B
5D
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 3B
Horizontal
Surfaces
soap/water
Cleared for
COPC
5th Floor
Common
Area
Industrial FIEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 4 A
Horizontal &
Vertical
Surfaces
soap/water
Asbestos/
ovcrlosid
Cleared for
COPC
Cedar St.
Stairwell
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 4A,4B
Horizontal &
Vertical
Surfaces
soap/water
Cleared for
COPC
Elevator
Shaft
Basement
Area
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 4 A
No Wet Wipe
Cleared for
COPC
Liberty St.
Stairwell
Industrial HEPA vacuum,
AFD
Test 4A,4B
Horizontal &
Vertical
Surfaces
soap/water
Alplisi-
qusirt/. (siir)
exceed since
Cleared for
COPC10
2.11 Difficulties Encountered and Resolutions
A discussion of the difficulties encountered during the cleaning portion of the study, along with a
discussion of how they were resolved is presented below.
Site Conditions
Rummaging. Site debris, abandoned possessions, and construction related waste materials were
wrapped in plastic sheeting, and carried to a staged roll-off container. When filled to capacity, the
9 Asbestos air clearance criterion was met using modified aggressive air sampling protocol; however, the clearance criterion was not
met using aggressive air sampling.
10Silica analytical methods were note received until after project completion. However, a single elevated sample result in a low
occupancy area of the building was not considered to be a health hazard. Therefore, no further cleaning was conducted.
24
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containers were transported off site for disposal, and replaced with empty containers. It was
discovered that people were rummaging through the contents of the roll-off containers after
personnel left the site for the day. To deter this activity, it was necessary to monitor the debris
box at night. The staff of the cleaning contractor was utilized to provide security. Shift hours
were adjusted to add two-hour increments of coverage by crew members until midnight. This
eliminated the rummaging.
Elevator. The elevator was out of service from project commencement until late August.
Therefore, it was necessary to manually carry individual items down the stairways of many floors
for disposal in the roll-off container. Many unanticipated labor hours were dedicated to hand
carrying the disposable items.
Hot Water. The building was without gas service; therefore, hot water was unavailable. Hot
water was only used for the shampooing of carpets. Hot water was obtained from a local
delicatessen and manually transported in five-gallon buckets as needed. Cold water was used to
clean the remainder of the facility.
Electric Service. EPA contacted Consolidated Edison directly to install a shunt from the main
trunk line to the building to provide electricity by the mobilization date.
Office Space. The location and the condition of the building did not allow for office space. Nor
was there sufficient space proximal to the site to set up an office trailer. Therefore, office space
to accommodate copying and administration was established in a hotel several blocks away.
Because the building was without telephone service, in order to enable continuous
communication, personnel carried cell phones at all times.
Spoiled Food. At project commencement, information obtained by others indicated that all
foodstuffs in the building were removed shortly after September 11, 2001. However, a walk-in
box in the Lemongrass Grill contained perishable food that had been overlooked. Large
quantities of fish and shrimp were discovered that had been spoiling for nine months. The odor
was noxious. Additionally a previously undiscovered chest freezer was filled with spoiled food
including fish, shrimp, beef and miscellaneous food items that required removal. Approximately
200 pounds of spoiled food was collected, double bagged and disposed of utilizing a NYC
Sanitation Truck. Water from melted ice and rotting food debris at the bottom of the freezer was
removed and the area was sanitized. Similarly, the refrigerators in the apartments were to have
been emptied of all solid contents by others shortly after the World Trade Center attack.
However, residual foods remained. These spoils were also removed and disposed. The building
owner subsequently disposed of all kitchen appliances, including the refrigerators.
Rodents. Dead rats and mice were prevalent in the basement areas, in the elevator shaft, and in
some rental units. Rodent droppings were evident on floor surfaces throughout these areas. The
remains of rodents were collected, bagged and deposited in the roll-off containers. Live rats were
encountered in the Lemongrass Grill and the Food Exchange. The assistance of the building
owner was sought to hire an exterminator.
Coordination
Tenant Response. Residents did not consistently appear at the scheduled time for appointments
25
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to address disposition of personal belongings. This caused slight delays to cleaning efforts. It
was necessary to adjust the cleaning schedules to minimize the delays.
Parking. Although an arrangement had been made with the Office of Emergency Management
(OEM) for EPA and its subcontractors to park vehicles on Cedar Street, the NYC Police
Department ticketed vehicles without regard to established verbal agreements. Time expended to
respond to tickets was significant. Communications with the OEM were helpful at times.
Building Contractor Coordination. The Baldwin Realty Company, the resident management
company of the building owner, had not performed any repairs on the building since September
11, 2001, because the entire area had been off limits to the public. Shortly after the study began,
the management company's repair and maintenance contractors commenced activities including:
replacement of windows, doors, sashes, and suspended ceilings; repair of the elevator; and
removal of refrigerators and stoves. EPA and its contractors were required to closely coordinate
activities with these contractors to avoid interference with the study, and to ensure that areas
were cleaned and sampled before the contractors commenced their work. At onset of the project,
meetings were scheduled to discuss activities and to provide a schedule of cleaning activities.
The intent was to clean and clear areas prior to the performance of any maintenance activities.
Prior to commencing cleaning, signs were erected and caution tape was placed around the areas
undergoing cleaning, to avoid interference by other contractors. Unfortunately, work conducted
by window repair and floor contractors created dirt and debris that necessitated re-cleaning of
some units. This situation occurred between sampling events only once, in Unit 5C, between the
collection of air samples for asbestos.
Health and Safety Concerns
PPE. The only health and safety concern related to PPE was fogging goggles. Fogging goggles
caused personnel some degree of visual difficulty. The problem was solved by applying an anti-
fogging agent to the lens of the goggles. The requirement for goggles was downgraded to a
requirement for safety glasses when it was determined that the amount of dust produced was not
irritating to an employee's eyes.
Personal Air Sampling. A very small percentage of the personal air samples for asbestos were
overloaded with dust and could not be analyzed by the laboratory.
Baseboard Heating Cleaning. Intensive labor was required in order to remove visible dust from
the baseboard heating systems.
Heat Stress. Heat exhaustion, heat cramps, and heat stroke were a major concern due to the
extreme heat experienced during cleanup activities. The heat stress hazard was mitigated by
mandating frequent breaks to replenish fluids and lower core body temperatures.
Heavy Lifting. All units contained heavy objects that were moved, disposed of, or lifted to
enable cleaning underneath. The Site Health and Safety Officer frequently instructed WRS
employees relative to proper lifting techniques. All personnel were directed to obtain assistance
when lifting objects over fifty pounds. The non-functioning elevator resulted in a quantity of
heavy lifting that significantly exceeded what had been anticipated at project commencement.
26
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Sampling Activities
3.1 Baseline Sampling
Prior to initiating cleanup activities, bulk composite samples were collected in each of the three
units which had sufficient dust present to collect a bulk sample. These Units included 5C, and
the two commercial units on the second floor (Mattress Store, Chiropractor's Office). The bulk
samples were analyzed for alpha-quartz, MMVF, lead, PAH, dioxins/furans, and asbestos. Due
to insufficient volume, the sample collected from Unit 5C was not analyzed for PAH or
dioxins/furans.
EPA's evaluation of the analytical data from the bulk composite sampling event was utilized in
identifying COPC concentrations present in the settled dust, and assisted EPA in determining the
applicability of regulatory standards and in identifying potential health and safety concerns.
Analytical results of the bulk sampling are not included in this report.
In addition to the collection of bulk composite samples, baseline air samples were also collected.
These samples were collected from the breathing level (5-6 ft.) and from the main living area of
the units which, based upon visual observations, were both the least and the most impacted by
the WTC disaster. Samples collected from the least impacted apartments (Units 3A and 3B)
represented a best case test and were analyzed for asbestos and MMVF. Samples collected from
the most impacted areas (Mattress Store, Chiropractor's Office) represented a worst case test and
were analyzed for dioxin/furans, PAH, asbestos and MMVF.
EPA's evaluation of the baseline air sampling event determined that the airborne concentrations
of PAH and dioxin/furans were not a health concern; therefore, the collection of additional air
samples of these parameters was not necessary. This decision was based on the analysis of
baseline bulk and air PAH and dioxin/furan samples which were collected from the most
severely impacted units. As the air samples did not contain PAH or dioxin/furans at
concentrations above the stringent primary clearance criterion as established in the
COPC/Benchmarks Report11, EPA determined that airborne PAH or dioxin/furans would also
not be present in the other less impacted units. EPA's decision to eliminate PAH and
dioxin/furan analyses for air samples was later confirmed through the collection of reference
samples in Unit 4C. These samples were analyzed for PAH and the analytical result was found
"3
to be below the clearance criterion of 0.2 (j,g/m .
3.2 Pre-Cleaning Sampling
Prior to cleaning activities, wipe samples were collected from each of the thirteen residential units
and the two commercial units included in the study (Chiropractor's Office, Mattress Store). The
wipe samples were collected from a 10 cm x 10 cm area using dedicated, disposable templates
which were left in-place. One sample was collected from the surface of each of the following four
non-porous locations within each unit: ceiling, wall, bare floor, and horizontal surface (e.g.,
counters, tables, dressers, window sills). All samples were analyzed for asbestos, MMVF, lead,
PAH, dioxins/furans, and alpha-quartz. Exceptions to this were the ceiling samples which were
11 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (September, 2002). World Trade Center Indoor Air Assessment:
Selecting Contaminants of Concern and Setting Health-Based Benchmarks.
-------
analyzed for asbestos only, and horizontal surfaces which were also analyzed for total dust.
Generally, pre-cleaning air sampling was not conducted because of concerns that given the
presence of significant levels of dust, using the aggressive technique might make overloading the
filters more likely.
Pre-cleaning sampling also included the collection of micro vacuum samples from up to six
porous surface areas (e.g., carpets, furniture fabric) in twelve of the thirteen residential units, and
both commercial units included in the study (Mattress Store, Chiropractor's Office). The
samples were collected from a 10 cm x 10 cm area using dedicated, disposable templates which
were left in place. Each unit contained a different number of porous surface sample areas, except
Unit 4B which did not have any porous surfaces from which to collect a sample. The micro
vacuum samples were analyzed for lead and for asbestos (TEM).
3.3 Sampling During Cleaning
All sampling conducted during cleaning activities was undertaken for the purpose of
documenting potential worker exposure to asbestos, lead and alpha-quartz. Samples were
collected from the breathing zone (5-6 ft.) in the center of the room being cleaned. The pumps
were run the entire length of the work day (no less than 8 hours) and were not stopped during
breaks. As reflected in Attachment A, Personal Monitoring Data, on only one occasion during
the study was the permissible exposure level exceeded for alpha-quartz.
3.4 Post-Cleanup Sampling
Post-cleaning sampling conducted was designed to determine if the cleaning methods attained
12
the health-based benchmarks established in EPA's COPC/Benchmarks Report . Following
cleanup activities in the thirteen residential and two commercial units, post-cleanup wipe and
micro vacuum samples were collected in the same manner as the pre-cleanup samples.
The post-cleanup samples were collected from locations adjacent to the pre-cleanup sampling
locations whenever possible. In situations where the pre-cleanup sampling location was now
inaccessible, a new sample was collected as close to the initial location as possible. Post-cleanup
air samples were collected in each of the thirteen residential units and in each of the two
commercial units included in the study. The analyses for these samples included MMVF, alpha-
quartz, lead, and asbestos. The building's four hallways, two stairwells, basement and elevator
shaft were also included in this sampling event; however, the elevator shaft did not include
alpha-quartz analysis.
All of the aforementioned post-cleanup area air samples were collected following a minimum
settling period of sixteen (16) hours and included the implementation of aggressive and/or
modified-aggressive air sampling techniques. Aggressive sampling employs the use of a leaf
blower followed by circulating fans, whereas the modified-aggressive sampling employs the
circulating fans without the initial use of a leaf blower. Aggressive sampling was utilized because
12 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (September, 2002). World Trade Center Indoor Air Assessment:
Selecting Contaminants of Concern and Setting Health-Based Benchmarks.
28
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of its past use in accordance with the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA), for
determining the effectiveness of asbestos abatement in schools. Modified-aggressive air sampling
was also used because it is more representative of long-term trends of typical household activity
such as those expected within the study building.
While there is a greater potential for overloading under aggressive sampling conditions, this test
is representative of a worst case scenario. Modified-aggressive air sampling, however, has less
of a potential for overloading and is typical of household activity patterns. (Difficulties
associated with sample overloading are discussed in detail in Section 3.8 below.)
Other post-cleanup sampling efforts were implemented to evaluate the efficiency of the cleaning
of the HVAC systems within the two commercial units included in the study (Chiropractor's
Office, Mattress Store). Post-cleanup air samples were collected in close proximity to the HVAC
return ducts and analyzed for asbestos, MMVF, alpha-quartz and lead.
3.5 Sampling Supplies and Equipment
Table 5.0 specifies the supplies and equipment required and utilized to collect samples, as
described in the QAPP.13
Table 6.0 specifies the micro vacuum equipment and the National Air Duct Cleaners Association
(NADCA)-recommended method for sample collection that was used.
Table 7.0 specifies the air sampling equipment that was used.
13 The QAPP is presented within Attachment G.
29
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Table x 0
W ipe Sampling Kqiiipmcnl
Analyte
Sample Media
Wetting Solution
Sample Jar
Asbestos
6inch x 6 inch. Super Polx 1200
Class 10 Cleanroom Wipes
10 ml of a 50/50 mixture of
2-propanol and DI water
4 o/.. glass
MMVF
6 inch x 6 inch. Super Polx 1200
Class 10 Cleanroom Wipes
10 ml of a 50/50 mixture of
2-propanol and DI water
4 o/.. glass
Alpha-quart/..
Calcitc. Gypsum.
Total Dusl
"Ghost Wipes"
(SKC Inc.. No. 225-2414)
Distilled water
4 o/.. glass
Lead
"Ghost Wipes"
(SKC Inc.. No. 225-2414)
Distilled water
4 o/.. glass
PAH's
3 inch x 3 inch. Cotton Gauze
2 ml of acetone
Amber glass or glass jars
wrapped in aluminum foil
Dioxins/Furans
3 inch x 3 inch. Cotton Gauze
2 ml of acetone
Amber glass or glass jars
wrapped in aluminum foil
Table ft. 0
Micro Ysiciiiim Kqiiipmcnl ;md N ADCA-Ueconiinondod Method lor S:i in pic (oiled ion11
Analyte
Sample Media
Flow Rate
Sample Pump
Asbestos
0.45 (xm (25 mm) MCE filter
micro vacuum cassette
2 L/min.
Diaphram pump
Lead
0.8 [j,m (37 mm) MCE filter
micro vacuum cassette
2.5 L/min.
Diaphram pump
NIOSH 0500
0.8 [j,m (37 mm) MCE filter
matched weight cassette
15 L/min.
GilianR Air Con-2
14
Pump flow rates were measured at the start of each day. A primary dry cell calibrator (BIOS DC-Lite)
was used to establish the flow rates of the diaphram pump. A Gilibrator-2 high flow wet cell calibrator was used to
establish the flow rates of the Gilian AirCon-2 high volume air samplers. Flow rates were recorded.
30
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Table ~.f)
Air Sampling Kqiiipmenl1
Analyte
Sample
Media
Flow
Rate
Sample
Period
Sample
Pump
Notes
Asbestos
(TEM and PCM)
0.45 [j,m and 0.8[j,m (25
mm) MCEF cassette
10
L/min.
480 min.
Gilian®
Air Con-2
None
MMVF
0.45 [im and 0.8[j,m (25
mm) MCEF
cassette
10
L/min.
480 min.
Gilian®
Air Con-2
None
Alpha-quartz,
Calcite, Gypsum
5 [jxn (37 mm)
PVC cassette
2.5
L/min.
480 min.
SKC Model
224-PCXR8
Aluminum
cyclone
needed
Lead
0.8 (jxn (37 mm)
MCEF cassette
10
L/min.
480 min.
Gilian®
Air Con-2
None
PAIIs
2 urn (37 mm)
P Tl L filler followed In
1 5<) niu. S \ l|i). \\l)-2
sorbenl lube
1. mill.
480 min
Gilian'
Air Con-2
None
Dioxins/Furans
32 mm quartz filter
followed by polyurethane
foam (PUF)
15
L/min.
56 hour
Gilian®
Air Con-2
One
3.6 Sample Analysis and Management
Laboratories Utilized and Analyses Performed
Inorganic analyses, which included MMVF, alpha-quartz, calcite, gypsum, lead, total dust, pH
and total particulates not otherwise specified (NIOSH 0500) were performed by EMSL
Laboratories (EMSL), at the corporate headquarters located at 107 Haddon Avenue, Westmont,
NJ. The analyses for asbestos using PCM, PLM, and TEM were performed by EMSL
Laboratories, 307 West 38th St., New York, NY. Organic analyses were provided by Paradigm
Analytical, 2627 North Chase Parkway SE, Wilmington, NC. These analyses included PAH and
Dioxins/Furans.
15Pump flow rates were measured before and after sample collection. Pumps were calibrated before each
use and the flow rate was confirmed following the sample period. A primary dry cell calibrator (BIOS DC-Lite) was
used to establish the flow rates of the SKC personal sampling pumps. A Gilibrator-2 High Flow Wet Cell Calibrator
was used to establish the flow rates of the AirCon-2 high volume air samplers. Calibrating for alpha-quartz, calcite,
gypsum and dioxins/furans also required separate flow chambers. Flow rates were recorded on Air Sampling Data
Sheets.
31
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Sample Handling and Shipment
Samples transported to EMSL were typically picked up by an EMSL courier the day after sample
collection. A small percentage of the EMSL samples, and all of the samples transported to
Paradigm Analytical, were shipped via Federal Express. Several samples were damaged during
shipment and are so documented in Attachment J, Reporting of Analytical Results.
At the conclusion of each sampling event, chain of custody (COC) records were generated
electronically using Scribe7 v2.2 software. A copy of the COC records were printed, signed, and
shipped with the samples to the lab. The only COC records not generated in this fashion were
those for the April 30, 2002 bulk sampling event and the personal monitoring samples collected
by WRS.
3.7 Analytical Data
Validation
The validation of all organic and inorganic analytical data was performed in accordance with the
QAPP. Validation of inorganic data was performed by Weston. Validation of organic data was
performed by EPA Region 2 personnel.
Reporting
All analytical results were tabulated subsequent to validation and are provided in Attachment J,
Reporting of Analytical Results.
3.8 Difficulties Encountered and Resolutions
Sample Overloading
Initially, many of the asbestos analyses were reported by the laboratory as overloaded. After
consulting with the laboratory, it was determined that a reported value of overloaded did not
mean that the sample cassette was overloaded with asbestos. Rather, the filter contained
particulate matter that could obstruct the field of view of the laboratory analyst.
The only resolution to the problem of sample overloading was the repeated cleaning of the units.
It was only after the presence of settled dust was minimized through cleaning that the aggressive
and modified-aggressive sampling techniques were able to be used to collect air samples that did
not have overloaded filters.
Data Reporting
Given that nearly 3,000 samples were collected and submitted for analysis during the course of the
study, EPA's inability to receive laboratory data in a timely manner was a major and ongoing
problem. The greatest impact was felt in the scheduling of time and resources for the re-cleaning
of the units. The delay in receiving data resulted in the inability to determine if re-cleaning was
necessary, which in turn complicated the scheduling of day-to-day work and resource
requirements. In many cases, the last minute redirection of the cleaning and sampling contractor's
resources was required in an effort to maintain productivity. Furthermore, many of the data
packages were incomplete upon receipt, delaying EPA's ability to validate the data in a timely
manner, and resulting in delays in issuing final building clearance and the completion of this
report.
32
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Another issue which impacted EPA's data reporting was the rejection of data during the validation
process. Several wipe samples and one air sample that were analyzed for dioxin/furans were
initially reported as rejected. Fortunately, the rejected dioxin/furans data could still be utilized to
obtain a Toxicity Equivalent value by calculating an Estimated Maximum Possible Concentration
(EMPC) for the dioxin/furans that were rejected. In addition to the dioxin/furans, several lead
samples (air, wipe and micro vacuum) were rejected for lab blank, field blank or method blank
contamination. The only other sample that was rejected was an inorganic wipe sample that was
rejected due to a laboratory blank being out of the control range.
The wipe sampling analytical results for alpha-quartz, calcite, gypsum, cristobalite, tridymite,
and total dust were uncertain, thereby rendering the data unusable.
3.9 Modifications to the Study
Modified Aggressive Air Sampling
Both modified-aggressive and aggressive air sampling were used in determining if asbestos air
clearance criteria could be achieved in four units. The use of modified-aggressive air sampling
was included after repeated problems with overloaded filters were encountered and the further
evaluation of aggressive sampling determined that conditions created by aggressive air sampling
were not typical of household living patterns.
Wet Wipe using Windex ®/Wipe with Water Only
The work plan initially called for use of soap and water to accomplish wet wiping. Windex®
brand was used because it is a commonly used cleaner believed to be readily available in most
people's homes. Furthermore, it is non-damaging to most surfaces, from wood to fiberglass.
Typically, this soap does not "over-suds". It provides an effective detergent-based protection of
surfaces when combined with cold water. This was important, because hot water was not
immediately available at the project site. During the project, it was determined that a wet wipe
procedure using water only would also be evaluated. Water only was used on the desktop and in
the bathroom of the Chiropractor's Office, and in the entire Barber Shop. Water only was also
used on the vinyl tiles under the carpeted area in the Mattress Showroom.
Horizontal Wet Wipe Only/Horizontal and Vertical Wet Wipe
The majority of the tests of cleaning methods were accomplished using horizontal wet wipe only,
to assist in determination of whether vacuuming without wet wiping would result in acceptable
cleaning. However, application of both horizontal and vertical wet wipe was tested in Units 3B
and 3C. Application of both horizontal and vertical wet wiping in Unit 3B was consistent with
the procedures called for relative to testing of Scope A - Lower Manhattan Cleaning Procedures.
Unit 3C was selected for an additional test using both horizontal and vertical wet wiping, because
that apartment was heavily impacted by WTC dust. The cleaning test called for the use of non-
HEPA-filtered vacuums and no AFD.
Use of Swiffer Brand Cloths
The use of Swiffer® brand cloths for application of wet wipe was also evaluated. Swiffer® cloths
were utilized during the cleaning of the first residential unit 5D.
33
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Modified Scope A - Lower Manhattan
Shortly after the study was initiated, the procedures for the WTC Dust Cleanup Program were
developed. Once those procedures were finalized, it was decided to include a modified Scope A
cleaning procedure developed by the WTC Dust Cleanup Program as one of the cleaning methods
in the study.
3.10 Supplemental Sampling Activities
Sampling of "Non-Study" Units
As noted previously, three commercial units located within the study building, but not part of the
initial study, were also cleaned by EPA. Pre-cleanup samples collected from two of the three non-
study commercial units (Food Exchange, Lemongrass Grill) were limited to the collection of wipe
samples from within the HVAC system ducts. Analysis of these samples included lead, MMVF,
alpha-quartz and asbestos. Pre-cleanup samples collected from the remaining non-study
commercial unit (Barber Shop) included a bulk sample of insulation material which was collected
to confirm its asbestos content. Pre-cleanup wipe samples were also collected for analysis of lead,
dioxin and PAH.
Post-cleanup area air samples were collected from the three non-study commercial units (Barber
Shop, Lemongrass Grill, and The Food Exchange). The analyses for these samples included
MMVF, asbestos, alpha-quartz, and lead. Additional air samples were collected in the
Lemongrass Grill and The Food Exchange in close proximity to the HVAC return ducts, in order
to evaluate the effectiveness of the HVAC cleaning method.16
Post-cleanup wipe samples were collected from the inside surfaces of the HVAC ducts within two
of the three non-study units (Lemongrass Grill, The Food Exchange) and analyzed for asbestos,
MMVF, alpha-quartz and lead. Additionally, samples were collected from the inside surfaces of
the ducts within the non-study units utilizing a modified micro vacuum technique; these were
collected in accordance with the National Air Duct Cleaners Association (NADCA) ACR 2002
procedures referenced in Attachment I, and analyzed for Total Particulates Not Otherwise
Regulated (PNOR) following NIOSH 0500 methodology.
3.11 Mercury Vapor Using Lumex® Analyzer
On June 19, 2002, with the assistance of Dr. Clyde Johnson, Assistant Professor of Environmental
Sciences at Medgar Evers College (City University of New York), EPA measured mercury vapor
levels in the thirteen residential units, three commercial units, and all common areas in the study
building. All sampling was conducted under pre-cleaned conditions utilizing a Lumex® RA-915+
Mercury Vapor Analyzer. Measurements were performed at the breathing zone of infants and
adults (6 inches and 5 feet above the floor), using continuous, real-time monitoring and data
logging of mercury levels. Further explanation of mercury sampling activities and results are
included in Attachment K, Summary of Mercury Vapor Results Using the Lumex® Vapor
Analyzer.
16See Attachment I, HVAC Cleaning Procedures.
34
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Analytical Results
Introduction
This section reviews analytical results by building area and comparative results. The discussion
of analytical results by building area mirrors to a large degree Attachment H, Synopsis of Cleaning
Methods by Building Area and Fact Sheets, adding information relative to analytical results as
they relate to the residential or commercial unit under review. Briefly summarizing the logistics
of each unit, the cleaning methods employed, the number of times the unit was cleaned, and
providing a narrative description of the analytical results for that unit, the narratives follow the
tables in Attachment J, Key for Analytical Tables and Reporting of Analytical Results.
Attachment J provides the analytical results for each sample that was collected and analyzed.
Results reported in units of f/cc are associated with PCM analyses and results that are reported in
units of 5>5u/cc are associated with PCMe analyses. A key at the beginning of Attachment J
identifies the units associated with each result.
Analytical results are presented in alphabetical order, with details relative to samples that were
collected before and after any cleaning event. If a compound is not present for a unit or if a
sample type is not present for a compound, then it is not listed in the text. It is of note that in the
case of asbestos wipe and micro vacuum samples, a certain number of structures needed to be
detected to be reported as being detected above the detection limit. This number was in the range
of 6-8 structures. Therefore, asbestos may be indicated as being present even though the sample
result is reported as below the detection limit. Samples were analyzed for 23 PAH compounds.
The PAH results are reported as toxicity equivalency factors (TEF) values. These values are the
17
sum of seven of the most toxic carcinogenic PAH , modified to reflect benzo[a]pyrene
equivalents. The PAH analyses could potentially identify an additional 16 PAH compounds (23
total). These additional compounds are less toxic and in general are not carcinogenic, thus they
are not included in the TEF calculations. Fifteen (15) samples that were analyzed for PAH
detected at least one of these additional 16 less toxic compounds. These samples, along with the
non-TEF modified concentrations detected, are reported in Table 8.0. The values in this table
cannot be directly compared to the primary clearance value of 300 ug/m because the primary
clearance value represents a TEF value; however, the value listed for each PAH sample in
Attachment J reflects the value that can be compared to the primary clearance value.
The dioxin results were modified using a toxicity equivalency method (TEQ), that takes into
account the toxicity difference between the different congener groups, and the results are reported
in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) equivalents. The TEQ value reported in the table
represents the estimated maximum potential concentration (EMPC). The TEQ EMPC value used
data that indicated the presence of a congener above zero but did not meet all of the QA/QC
reporting level criteria. This value represents the highest potential concentration of dioxin that
may be present.
17These seven compounds were used to calculate the toxicity equivalence factor (TEF): benzo[a]anthracene,
benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[kjfluoranthene, chrysene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, indeno[l,2,3-
cd]pyrene.
-------
Table
4C
9094-A-4C-017
PAH
Air
Dibcnzofuran
0.06
Ug/m3
4C
9094-A-4C-017
PAH
Air
2.6 -D i me I hy 1 na p hi ha 1 c nc
0.13
|xg/m3
4C
9094-A-4C-017
PAH
Air
Fluorcnc
0.03
lig/m3
4C
9094-A-4C-017
PAH
Air
1. - Mcthy 1 na phi ha lc nc
0.19
|ig/m3
4C
9094-A-4C-017
PAH
Air
2-Mclhy lnaphlhalcnc
0.35
Hg/m3
4C
9094-A-4C-017
PAH
Air
Naphthalene
0.48
jig/m3
4C
9094-A-4C-017
PAH
Air
Phcnanlhrcnc
0.13
(ig/m3 *
4C
9094-W-4C-003
PAH
Wipe
Fluoranthcnc
270
|ig/m2
4D
9094-W-4D-003
PAH
Wipe
Bcnz.o|a|anlhraccnc
270
Hg/m2
4D
9094-W-4D-003
PAH
Wipe
Benzol b | riuoranlhcnc
320
jig/m2
4D
9094-W-4D-003
PAH
Wipe
Chrvscnc
300
Hg/m2
4D
9094-W-4D-003
PAH
Wipe
Fluoranlhcnc
580
U8/m2
4D
9094-W-4D-003
PAH
Wipe
Phcnanlhrcnc
410
Hg/m2
4D
9094-W-4D-003
PAH
Wipe
Pvrcnc
530
|ig/m2
5C
9094-W-5C-003
PAH
Wipe
Bcnz.o| b | fluoranlhcnc
260
Hg/m2
5C
9094-W-5C-003
PAH
Wipe
Fluoranlhcnc
430
jig/m2
5C
9094-W-5C-003
PAH
Wipe
Phcnanlhrcnc
300
Hg/m2
5C
9094-W-5C-003
PAH
Wipe
Pvrcnc
370
Hg/m2
Barber Shop
9094-W-BS-013
PAH
Wipe
Biphcnyl
380
|ig/m2
36
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Table u
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At times during the project, the laboratory chose to perform analyses on samples that were neither
requested by EPA nor specified on the Chain of Custody. This was most evident in the case of
wipe samples that were collected for total dust. The QAPP required the collection of one pre-
cleaning and one post-cleaning sample for total dust from each unit. These samples (wipes) also
served as the samples used for the analysis of crystalline silica (alpha-quartz, cristobalite,
tridymite, calcite and gypsum). The crystalline silica sample was also collected pre-cleaning and
post-cleaning; however, it was collected from three locations in the unit. Upon submitting the
samples to the laboratory, specific direction was provided to the lab regarding which samples
were to be analyzed for total dust. The laboratory however, chose to prepare all three samples for
the total dust analysis rather than prepare the samples specified on the chain of custody.
A mercury vapor investigation was conducted as part of the study. The mercury vapor
investigation was conducted using a Lumex® analyzer18 that revealed a mean mercury vapor
3 3
concentration of 53.6 ng/m (range 3-210 ng/m ), demonstrating that air samples within the
"3
building tested below EPA's Reference Concentration of 300 ng/m . A statistical evaluation of
the results of the mercury vapor investigation is presented in Attachment K, Summary of Mercury
Vapor Results using the Lumex® Vapor Analyzer.
(Note: The following section does not include data and discussion of wipe sampling results for
alpha-quartz, calcite, gypsum, cristobalite, tridymite and total dust. The analytical results for
these parameters were uncertain thereby rendering these data unusable.)
Discussion of Analytical Results by Building Area
Unit 2A - This unit is located on the second floor. It is a 1,335 sq. ft. loft with one bedroom
facing Cedar Street. The unit has hardwood floors. The unit presented minimal dust
accumulation in the dwelling with the exception of the baseboard-heating units. The windows
were not blown in. All personal items were disposed except for a couch and chairs.
Cleaning Method - The unit was cleaned using Test IB: use of a Ridgid® shop vacuum and
Hoover® upright vacuum for vacuuming the floors and other surfaces. Neither vacuum was
equipped with a HEPA filter. An AFD was used during the cleaning process. In addition, all
horizontal surfaces were wet wiped. This cleaning method was used for each cleaning event.
Cleaning Results - The unit met the primary clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each
compound after being cleaned twice.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning micro vacuum and wipe samples were collected
for asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to
cleaning. Three of the four micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile. All five wipe
samples detected chrysotile, although two of the samples were below the detection limit.
18The instrument has a detection limit of 2 ng/m3.
38
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air, three micro vacuum, and five wipe samples were
collected. The three air samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe.
The PCM results were all below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM
AHERA and PCMe analysis could not be conducted due to overloading of particulate
material.
The results for the three micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
generally lower than those observed before cleaning. One of the samples was identified as
non-detect, although asbestos was detected below the detection limit.
The results for the five wipe samples that were collected indicate that asbestos was present
in two of the five samples at lower concentrations than the pre-cleaning samples. One of
the two samples in which asbestos was detected was below the detection limit.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Six asbestos air samples were collected after the second
cleaning. The samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM
results were all below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc and were at lower
concentrations than after the first cleaning. The TEM AHERA results were all below the
secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc; two of the six samples were below the
detection limit. The PCMe results were at or below the primary clearance criterion of
0.0009 S/cc; three of the six samples were below the detection limit.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The concentrations of dioxin detected were lower than those of the pre-
cleaning samples. The TEQ concentration for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in any sample. Because gypsum was below the detection limit
in all of the samples collected, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
gypsum.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Four micro vacuum samples and four wipe samples were
collected. Lead was detected in three of the four micro vacuum samples at concentrations
below the comparison value of 25 jag/ft one sample was below the detection limit. Three
of the four wipe samples had detectable concentrations of lead above the primary
clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft, while the fourth sample was below the detection limit.
39
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, three micro vacuum samples and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples, all three micro
vacuum samples, and three of the four wipe samples were below the detection limit. The
fourth wipe sample was above detection limit but below the primary clearance criterion.
The results from the first cleaning indicate that the cleaning technique was effective in
removing the elevated concentrations of lead observed prior to the first cleaning. Because
the primary clearance criterion for lead was met after the first cleaning, no additional
samples were collected for analysis of lead.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. This indicates that the cleaning method used
was able to reduce the pre-cleaning concentration of alpha-quartz. Because all of the
samples were below the detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were
collected for analysis of alpha-quartz.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
calcite.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limits after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis
of cristobalite.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limits after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis
of tridymite.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. One of the
four samples was below the detection limit; MMVF was detected in the other three
samples.
40
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. The results for the air samples indicate that MMVF was present;
however, the samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. The results of
the five wipe samples indicate that MMVF was still present after the first cleaning;
however, the concentrations detected were lower than the pre-cleaning samples. There is
not a clearance criterion for MMVF in settled dust. Since the air samples were below the
primary clearance criterion and the MMVF in settled dust was reduced after the first
cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. Three of the
four samples were below the detection limit; the TEF for these samples was below the
primary clearance criterion. PAH compounds were detected in the fourth sample;
however, the calculated TEF was below the primary clearance criterion of 300 |ig/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
of the samples were below the detection limit and the TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 300 (j,g/m . Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit and the primary clearance criterion after the first cleaning, no additional
samples were collected for analysis of PAH.
Unit 2B - This unit is located on the second floor. It is a 946 sq. ft. loft with two separate
bedrooms facing Cedar Street. The unit has hardwood floors and no carpeting. The unit
presented minimal dust accumulation, except around baseboard-heating elements. All windows
were intact. All personal items except a couch were disposed of prior to cleanup.
Cleaning Method - The unit was cleaned using Test 3A: an industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum.
An AFD was not used. All horizontal surfaces were wet wiped.
Cleaning Results - The unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound after
being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum and four wipe samples were collected for
analysis of asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to
cleaning. Chrysotile was detected in all three micro vacuum samples. Three of the four
wipe samples detected chrysotile. One of the three samples also contained Anthophyllite.
However, the result for this sample, as well as for the fourth wipe sample, was below the
detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning - Test IB - Three air, four micro vacuum, and five wipe samples were
collected. Three air samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The
PCM results were all below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. All three TEM
AHERA results were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. Likewise, all
three PCMe results were below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc. The results
for four micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels similar to, and
in some cases higher than, those observed before cleaning. The results for the five
41
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wipe samples indicate that asbestos was present in three of the five samples. Two of the
three samples in which asbestos was detected were below the detection limit.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that the TEQ concentration for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in either sample.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum samples and three wipe samples were
collected. Lead was detected in one of the three micro vacuum samples at a concentration
below the comparison value of 25 jag/ft . Two of the three wipe samples had detectable
concentrations of lead; one sample was above the primary clearance criterion of 25 jag/ft .
The third sample was below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, four micro vacuum samples and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
primary clearance criterion. The four micro vacuum samples and one of the four wipe
samples, were below the detection limit. Three of the four wipe samples were above the
detection limit, but below the primary clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft . The results from
the first cleaning indicate that the cleaning technique was effective in removing the
elevated concentrations of lead that were observed prior to the first cleaning.
Post 2nd Cleaning Sampling - Because the cleaning was conducted prior to the
establishment of a risk-based cleanup level for lead in air, this unit was re-cleaned in an
effort to meet the established primary clearance criterion. Sampling results following the
second cleaning indicate levels below the primary clearance criterion.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
42
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
calcite.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples and four wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. All of the samples were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples collected. MMVF was
detected in all three.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. The results for the three air samples indicate that MMVF was present;
however, all samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. The results of
the five wipe samples indicate that MMVF remained present in four of the five samples
after the first cleaning, but the concentrations detected were lower than the pre-cleaning
samples. There is not a clearance criterion for MMVF in settled dust. Because the air
samples were substantially below the primary clearance criterion and the MMVF in settled
dust was reduced after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis
of MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All three
samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
of the samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m . Since all of the samples were below the
detection limit and the primary clearance criterion after the first cleaning, no additional
samples were collected for analysis of PAH.
Second Floor Hallway - The second floor hallway has vinyl tiles on the floor, and walls made of
sheet rock covered with wallpaper glue. The ceiling is also made of sheet rock, and is painted.
Cleaning Method - This area was cleaned using Test 4A and Test 4B. Test 4A used an industrial
43
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HEP A filtered vacuum and an AFD. Test 4B was a soap and water wet wipe of the ceiling and
floor only.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound after
being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two post-cleaning air samples were collected. The two air
samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results were all
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. Similarly, the TEM AHERA results
were all below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results were all
below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc with one of the two samples being
below the detection limit.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no post-cleaning samples collected
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in any sample.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. The
two air samples were below the detection limit.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
44
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. The
results indicate that MMVF was present in one of the samples; however, the concentration
was below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. Because the air samples were below
the primary clearance criterion, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no pre-cleaning samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no post-cleaning samples collected.
Unit 3A - This 1,368 sq. ft. loft faces Cedar Street and is utilized as office space for the Baldwin
Realty Company. Carpet is present on half of the floor space; the remainder is hardwood floors.
The area is furnished with 10-12 wooden desks, files and office equipment. The unit presented
minimal dust accumulation in the dwelling. No windows were blown in.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 2B: a Craftsman® shop vacuum and a
Eureka® upright vacuum with HEPA filter. An AFD was used during the cleaning process. All
horizontal surfaces were wet wiped.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound after
being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Four air, four micro vacuum and four wipe samples were
collected for asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior
to cleaning. All four of the micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile. One of the four
wipe samples detected chrysotile. The PCM results for both air samples were below the
secondary numeric criterion, and the two PCMe air results were below the primary
clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air, four micro vacuum and five wipe samples were
collected for asbestos. Three asbestos air samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA,
and PCMe. The PCM results indicate that one sample was below the secondary
45
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numeric criterion and the other two could not be analyzed due to particulate overloading of
the filter. The TEM AHERA results were below the secondary numeric criterion for two
samples. The third sample could not be analyzed due to particulate overloading of the
filter. Of the three air samples analyzed using PCMe, one sample could not be analyzed
due to overloading of particulate material. The other two samples were below the primary
clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
The results of the four micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
generally lower than those observed before cleaning. One of the samples was identified as
non-detect.
The results of the five wipe samples indicate that asbestos was present in all but one
sample; however, two of the samples were identified as non-detect. One of the non-detect
samples had an elevated detection limit due to the presence of non-asbestos particulate
matter.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that the concentrations of dioxin were similar to the pre-
cleaning samples. The TEQ concentration for each sample was below the criterion of 4
ng/m2.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected above the detection limit for either sample.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Four micro vacuum samples and three wipe samples were
collected. Lead was not detected in any of the micro vacuum samples. One of the wipe
samples was below the detection limit and one wipe sample was below the primary
clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft . The third wipe sample exceeded the primary clearance
criterion at 38.9 |ig/ft2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, four micro vacuum samples, and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
primary clearance criterion but were qualified as rejected, due to field blank
contamination. The results of the micro vacuum and wipe samples show that, while two
of the micro vacuum and two of the wipe samples exceeded the detection limits, all
samples met the primary clearance criterion and the comparison values for lead after the
first cleaning.
46
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Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Two pre-cleaning air samples and three pre-cleaning wipe
samples were collected. The two air samples had MMVF detected, but were below the
primary clearance criterion. The three wipe samples had MMVF detected in
concentrations from 57.23 S/cm2 to 801.24 S/cm2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. All of the air sample results indicate that MMVF was present at levels
below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. All of the wipe sample results were
below the detection limit of 22.89 S/cm . This indicates that the cleaning method was
able to reduce the pre-cleaning concentration of MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All three
were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary clearance
criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All four
were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary clearance
criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
47
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Unit 3B - This unit is located on the third floor. It is a 968 sq. ft. loft with three bedrooms facing
Cedar Street. The unit has hardwood floors. No windows were blown in and the unit presented
minimal dust accumulation, with the exception of the baseboard heating units, which contained
visible dust. All of the tenant's personal items remained in the unit and were cleaned.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using the Scope A cleaning procedures: industrial
HEPA-filtered vacuum of all surfaces. An AFD was used. All surfaces were wet wiped. This
cleaning method was used for each cleaning event in this unit.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the primary clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each
compound after being cleaned twice.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Two air, three micro vacuum and four wipe samples were
collected for asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior
to cleaning. The two air samples that were collected were analyzed using PCM and
PCMe. One PCM result was below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The
other PCM result was above the secondary numeric criterion. The PCMe results indicate
that both samples were below the detection limit and below the primary clearance criterion
of 0.0009 S/cc. Two of the three micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile. The third
sample was below the detection limit. Three of the four wipe samples were below the
detection limit. The fourth one detected chrysotile at a concentration slightly above the
detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning - Three air, three micro vacuum and five wipe samples were collected to
evaluate if additional cleaning events were necessary. The three air samples that were
collected indicated that all three PCM results were below the secondary numeric criterion
of 0.01 f/cc and that the TEM AHERA and PCMe analyses could not be conducted due to
overloading of particulate material. Due to inconclusive PCMe results, a second cleaning
was conducted.
The results for the three micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
similar to those observed before cleaning.
The results for the five wipe samples that were collected indicate that asbestos was present
in all five of the samples at slightly higher concentrations than the pre-cleaning samples.
One of the five samples in which asbestos was detected was below the detection limit.
Post 2nd Cleaning - Three asbestos air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
The samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. Two of the three PCM
results were below the detection limit; all three were below the secondary numeric
criterion of 0.01 f/cc. All three TEM AHERA results were below the detection limit and
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. All three PCMe results were below
the detection limit and below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc. All of the air
asbestos results after the second cleaning were at lower concentrations than the pre-
cleaning samples and the samples collected after the first cleaning. This indicates that the
cleaning techniques used were efficient at removing asbestos to levels that were below
48
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detection limits and below the primary clearance and secondary numeric criteria.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that there was dioxin present; however, the TEQ
concentration for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that the concentrations of dioxin detected were similar to
the pre-cleaning samples and that the TEQ concentrations for each sample were well
below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m . Because the dioxin samples were below
the primary clearance criterion for all of the samples collected, no additional samples were
collected for analysis of dioxin.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in any sample. Because gypsum was below the detection limits
for all of the samples collected, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
gypsum.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum samples and four wipe samples were
collected. The results indicate that all three micro vacuum samples were below the
detection limit and at concentrations below the comparison value of 25 jag/ft . Two of the
four wipe samples had detectable concentrations of lead; however, they were below the
primary clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft . The third sample was below the detection limit.
The fourth sample was lost at the laboratory and was not analyzed.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, three micro vacuum samples and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
"3
primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . All three micro vacuum samples and one of the
four wipe samples were below the detection limit. Two wipe samples were below the
primary clearance criterion and the fourth wipe sample was above the primary clearance
criterion. Due to the one lead sample being above the primary clearance criterion, as well
as the asbestos samples that exceeded the primary clearance criterion, this unit was
cleaned a second time.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Two lead wipe samples were collected after the second
cleaning in the area where the post-first cleaning lead exceedance occurred. One of the
samples was received broken at the laboratory and was not analyzed. The other sample
was below the detection limit and below the primary clearance criterion. The results from
the second cleaning indicate that the cleaning technique was effective in removing the
elevated concentration of lead that was observed after the first cleaning.
49
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Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. The
two air samples were below the detection limit. Because the samples were below the
detection limits after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis
of alpha-quartz.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
calcite.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
cristobalite.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
tridymite.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Two pre-cleaning air samples and three pre-cleaning wipe
samples were collected. One of the two air samples was above the primary clearance
criterion of 10 S/L and the other air sample was above the detection limit. The results for
all three of the wipe samples indicate that MMVF was above the detection limit. This
indicates that MMVF was present in the unit prior to cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. The results for the three air samples indicate that MMVF was present;
however, all three were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. The results of the
five wipe samples indicate that three of the five samples were below the detection limit
and the remaining two samples were at the detection limit. Although MMVF was still
present after the first cleaning, the concentrations detected were much lower than the pre-
cleaning samples. There is not a clearance criterion for MMVF in settled dust. Because
the air samples were below the primary clearance criterion and the MMVF in settled dust
50
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was reduced after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All four
samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
of the samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 300 (j,g/m . Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit and the primary clearance criterion after the first cleaning, no additional
samples were collected for analysis of PAH.
Unit 3C - This unit is located on the third floor. It is a 655 sq. ft. loft with two bedrooms facing
the WTC site. The unit has hardwood floors with no carpet. The unit presented significant
accumulation of dust in the dwelling. The windows were blown in. The majority of personal
items were disposed of prior to cleaning.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 1 A: a Craftsman® shop vacuum and a
Eureka® upright vacuum with no HEPA filter. An AFD was not used. This method was used
for the first two cleaning events. For the third cleaning event the method was changed to Test
3B: an industrial HEPA filtered vacuum and an AFD. All horizontal and vertical surfaces were
wet wiped in conjunction with each method.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned three times.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Four micro vacuum and four wipe samples were collected for
asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to cleaning.
All four of the micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile. Three of the four wipe samples
detected chrysotile; one also detected amosite. The fourth wipe sample was below the
detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air, four micro vacuum, and five wipe samples were
collected for asbestos. The PCM and PCMe analyses could not be conducted due to
overloading of particulate matter on the filters.
The results of the four micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
higher than those observed before cleaning.
Two of the five wipe samples were below the detection limit, although one of these
samples did detect chrysotile. Results of the remaining three samples were above the
detection limit and similar to or lower than the pre-cleaning samples.
51
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Post 2nd Cleaning - Four air samples were collected for asbestos. The samples could not
be analyzed due to overloading of particulate matter on the filters. Therefore, a third
cleaning was conducted using a more aggressive cleaning method: a commercial HEPA
vacuum and an AFD.
Post 3rd Cleaning - Six air samples were collected for asbestos after the third cleaning.
The samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The results of the PCM
analysis indicate that three of the six samples were below the detection limit. The
remaining three samples were above the detection limit but below the secondary numeric
criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM AHERA results indicate that all six samples were below
the detection limit. The PCMe results also indicate that all six samples were below the
detection limit. This suggests that the cleaning techniques used for the third cleaning were
effective at reducing the particulate matter to levels that permitted valid air samples to be
collected and analyzed, with the results indicating that all six samples were below the
primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present and that the TEQ concentration for
one of the three samples was above the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning samples were collected and analyzed for
dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentrations
were below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m . This indicates that the cleaning
techniques used were effective at reducing the pre-cleaning concentrations of dioxin.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected above the detection limit in the air samples.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Four micro vacuum samples and three wipe samples were
collected. Lead was detected in all four micro vacuum samples at concentrations above
the comparison value. Two of the three wipe samples detected concentrations above the
primary clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft . The micro vacuum samples exceeded the
2 2
comparison value in a range of 39.4 j_ig/ft to 135 j_ig/ft, and the two wipe samples
2 2
exceeded the primary clearance criterion at 48.7 j_ig/ft and 750 j_ig/ft . This indicates that
lead was present prior to cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, four micro vacuum samples, and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
primary clearance criterion. The results of the micro vacuum and wipe samples show that
all but one micro vacuum sample (26.9 j_ig/ft ) met the comparison value or primary
clearance criterion for lead.
52
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Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
Both samples detected concentrations below the primary clearance criterion.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
calcite.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Since all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
cristobalite.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Since all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
tridymite.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. The three
wipe samples detected MMVF in concentrations from 343.39 S/L to 744.01 S/L. This
indicates that MMVF was present prior to cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. All of the air sample results indicate that MMVF was present at levels
below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. All of the wipe sample results were
above the detection limit and at concentrations similar or lower than the pre-cleaning
samples.
Post 2nd Cleaning - Five air samples were collected after the second cleaning. Four of the
five samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. However, one sample
exceeded the primary clearance criterion at 91.796 S/L. This value was further evaluated
53
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and determined to be invalid due to an equipment malfunction which resulted in the
collection of a volume of air significantly lower than the other four samples. It should be
noted that the other four post-2nd cleaning air samples, and the three post-1 st cleaning air
samples were below the applicable health-based benchmark.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. Two of the
three samples were below the detection limit. The calculated TEF for these two samples
was below the primary clearance criterion. Twelve PAH compounds were detected in the
third sample. The calculated TEF for this sample exceeded the TEF of 300 (j,g/m with a
value of 1,046.6 (^g/m2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All four
samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion of 300 (j,g/m . This indicates that the cleaning techniques used were
effective in reducing the PAH pre-cleaning concentrations.
Unit 3D - This unit is located on the third floor. It is a 968 sq. ft. loft with three bedrooms,
facing the WTC site. The unit has hardwood floors with no carpet. This unit presented a
significant accumulation of dust in the dwelling. Its windows were blown in. The majority of
personal items, with the exception of three pieces of hardwood furniture, were disposed of prior
to cleaning.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 1 A: a Ridgid® shop vacuum and a Hoover®
upright without a HEPA filter. AFDs were not used during cleaning. All horizontal surfaces
were wet wiped. This cleaning method was used for each cleaning event.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned twice.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum and five wipe samples were collected for
asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit before cleaning. All
three of the micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile, and four of the five wipe samples
detected chrysotile. The remaining sample was below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum, five wipe samples and three air samples
were collected for asbestos.
All three of the air samples, which were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe,
could not be analyzed due to overloading of particulate material. Due to this situation, a
second cleaning was conducted.
The results of the three micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
lower than those observed before cleaning. One of the samples was below the detection
limit.
54
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The results of the five wipe samples indicate that asbestos was present in all of the
samples, but generally at lower concentrations than those observed before cleaning.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning air samples were collected for asbestos.
These samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The results of the
PCM analysis were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. One sample was
below the detection limit. The TEM AHERA results were all below the detection limit.
The PCMe results were also all below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc. This
indicates that the cleaning techniques were effective at reducing the particulate matter,
which allowed valid air samples to be collected and analyzed.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m and were detected at
lower concentrations than in the pre-cleaning samples. This indicates that the cleaning
techniques were effective in reducing dioxin concentrations.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
"3
Gypsum was not detected above the detection limit of 0.008 mg/m in the air samples.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum samples and four wipe samples were
collected. One of the three micro vacuum samples was above the comparison value. The
other two results were below the detection limit. The results indicate lead was present in
two of the four wipe samples at concentrations above the primary clearance criterion of 25
2 2
[j,g/ft . The micro vacuum samples exceeded the comparison value at 50.7 jag/ft and the
2 2
two wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance criterion at 112 jag/ft and 201 jag/ft .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, three micro vacuum samples, and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
primary clearance criterion but were qualified as rejected due to field blank contamination.
The results of the micro vacuum and wipe samples show that while one of the micro
vacuum (qualified as rejected) and two of the wipes samples exceeded the detection limit,
all samples met the comparison value and the primary clearance criterion for lead after the
first cleaning. Therefore, additional samples were not collected for analysis of lead.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
55
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
calcite.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
cristobalite.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
tridymite.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. The four wipe
samples had MMVF detected in concentrations from 228.93 S/cm2 to 1259.09 S/cm2
This indicates that MMVF was present prior to cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. All of the air sample results indicate that MMVF was present but at
levels below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. All of the wipe sample results
were at or below the detection limit of 22.89 S/cm . This indicates that the cleaning
method was able to reduce the pre-cleaning concentration of MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. Three of the
four samples were below the detection limit and below the primary clearance criterion.
The fourth sample had two PAH compounds detected; the calculated TEF was below the
primary clearance criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All four
samples were below the detection limit, and each sample was below the primary clearance
criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
56
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Third Floor Hallway - The third floor hallway is an area with plywood floors, and walls made
of sheet rock covered with wallpaper glue. The ceiling is also made of sheet rock, and is painted.
Cleaning Method - This area was cleaned using Test 4A and Test 4B. Test 4A used industrial
HEPA-filtered vacuums and an AFD, while Test 4B consisted of a soap and water wet wipe of
the ceiling only.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two post-cleaning air samples were collected. The two air
samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM result were all
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. Similarly, the TEM AHERA results
were all below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results were
all below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc with both samples being below
the detection limit.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after cleaning.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were two air samples collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in any sample.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There was one air sample collected after the first cleaning.
The air sample was below the detection limit. Since the primary clearance criterion was
met for lead after the first cleaning, no additional lead samples were collected.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were two air samples collected after the first cleaning.
All of the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were
below the detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected
for analysis of alpha-quartz.
57
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Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Both were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were two air samples collected after the first cleaning.
Both were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Both were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. The
results indicate that MMVF was present in both samples; however, the concentrations
were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. Because the air samples were
below the primary clearance criterion, no additional samples were collected for MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after cleaning.
Unit 4A - This unit is located on the fourth floor. It is a 1,368 sq. ft. open loft facing Cedar
Street. No windows were blown in and there was minimal dust accumulation in the dwelling
with the exception of the baseboard heating units, which contained visible dust. The unit has
hardwood floors. All of the tenant's personal items were removed prior to the cleanup.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 2A: a Craftsman® shop vacuum and
Eureka® upright vacuum with a HEPA filter for vacuuming the floors and other surfaces. There
were no AFDs used during the cleaning process. In addition, all horizontal surfaces were wet
wiped. This cleaning method was used for each cleaning event.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned twice.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum and four wipe samples were collected
58
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for asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to
cleaning. All three micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile above the detection
limit. Three of the four wipe samples were below the detection limit; however, chrysotile
was detected in two of these samples. The fourth wipe sample was above the detection
limit.
Post 1st Cleaning - Three air samples, three micro vacuum samples, and five wipe samples
were collected. The three air samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and
PCMe. The PCM, TEM AHERA and PCMe analyses could not be conducted due to
overloading of particulate material. Due to inconclusive asbestos air results, a second
cleaning was conducted.
The results for the three micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
similar to or higher than those observed before cleaning. One of the samples was
identified as non-detect, although asbestos was present below the detection limit.
The results for the five wipe samples that were collected indicate that asbestos was present
in all five samples, although two samples were below the detection limit. The
concentrations observed were similar to or higher than the pre-cleaning samples.
Post 2nd Cleaning - Three asbestos air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
The samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results could
not be obtained due to the filter being overloaded with particulate material. The TEM
AHERA results for each sample were below the detection limit and below the secondary
numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results were all below the primary clearance
criterion of 0.0009 S/cc, with all three of the samples below the detection limit. This
indicates that the cleaning techniques used were able to reduce the particulate matter in the
unit after the second cleaning, which permitted samples to be analyzed. The results of the
analysis indicated that asbestos concentrations were below the primary clearance criterion
of 0.0009 S/cc.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that the TEQ concentration for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in any sample.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
59
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Gypsum was not detected in any sample.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum samples and three wipe samples were
collected. The results indicate that all three of the micro vacuum samples were below the
comparison value of 25 j_ig/ft and below the detection limit. The three wipe samples
contained detectable concentrations of lead; however, all of the concentrations were below
the primary clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, three micro vacuum samples and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
"3
primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . Two of the three micro vacuum samples were
below the detection limit. The third micro vacuum sample was slightly above the
detection limit, but below the comparison value. Three of the four wipe samples were
below the detection limit. The fourth sample was above the detection limit but below the
primary clearance criterion. Since the primary clearance criterion was met for lead after
the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of lead.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. One
of the two air samples detected alpha-quartz at a concentration above the detection limit, at
"3
0.008 mg/m . The detection also was above the primary clearance criterion of 0.004
"3
mg/m . The other air sample was below the detection limit. Since one air sample
exceeded the primary clearance criterion, additional air samples for alpha-quartz were
collected.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
The results showed that both samples were below the detection limit. This indicates that
the second cleaning was able to reduce the alpha-quartz concentration in air to below the
detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
The results indicate that both samples were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples -Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
60
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Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
The results indicate that both samples were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
The results indicate that both samples were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All three
sample results indicate that MMVF was present above the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. The results for the three air samples indicate that MMVF was present;
however, both samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. The results
of the five wipe samples indicate that four of the samples were below the detection limit
and one sample was at the detection limit. The MMVF concentrations after the first
cleaning were lower than those in the pre-cleaning samples. There is not a clearance
criterion for MMVF in settled dust. Since the air samples were below the primary
clearance criterion and the MMVF in settled dust was greatly reduced after the first
cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All three
samples were below the detection limit and the TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
of the samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m . Since all of the samples were below the
detection limit and the primary clearance criterion after the first cleaning, no additional
samples were collected for analysis of PAH.
Unit 4B - This unit is located on the fourth floor. It is a 968 sq. ft. loft with four bedrooms facing
Cedar Street. No windows were blown in and there was minimal dust accumulation in the
dwelling with the exception of the baseboard heating units, which contained visible dust. The unit
has hardwood floors and all of the tenant's personal items were cleaned and sealed in bags prior to
the cleanup.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 2B. a Ridgid® shop vacuum and Hoover®
upright vacuum with a HEPA filter for vacuuming the floors and other surfaces. An AFD was
used during the cleaning process. In addition, all horizontal surfaces were wet wiped. This
61
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cleaning method was used for each cleaning event.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound after
being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected for asbestos. The
results for these samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to cleaning.
Two of the five wipe samples were below the detection limit, although one of these
samples had chrysotile detected. The remaining three samples had chrysotile detected
above the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning - Three air and five wipe samples were collected. The three air samples
were analyzed using PCM and PCMe. The PCM results were all below the secondary
numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The PCMe results for each sample were below the primary
clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc and were reported as below the detection limit.
The results for the five wipe samples that were collected indicate that asbestos was present
in two of the five samples; however one of these samples was below the detection limit.
The remaining three samples were below the detection limit.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that there was dioxin present; however, the TEQ
concentration for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that the TEQ concentration for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in any sample.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. The results
indicate that lead was detected in three of the four wipe samples with two samples
exceeding the primary clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft . One sample was slightly over the
primary clearance criterion with a result of 30 j_ig/ft , while the second was twice the
primary clearance criterion with a result of 50 j_ig/ft .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples and four wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. The two air samples were above the detection limit but below the
"3
primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . Three of the four wipe samples were below the
detection limit. The fourth wipe sample was above the detection limit but below the
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primary clearance criterion. Since the primary clearance criterion was met for lead after
the first cleaning, no additional cleaning was necessary.
Post 2nd Cleaning Sampling - Because the cleaning was conducted prior to the
establishment of a risk based cleanup level for lead in air, this unit was re-cleaned in an
effort to meet the initially established clearance criterion . Sampling results following the
second cleaning indicated levels below the primary clearance criterion.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples collected. All four samples
had MMVF detected above the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. The results for the three air samples indicate that MMVF was present;
however, both samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. The results
of the five wipe samples indicate that MMVF was still present after the first cleaning;
however, the concentrations detected were generally lower than the pre-cleaning samples.
There is not a clearance criterion for MMVF in settled dust.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All four
samples were below the detection limit and the TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion.
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
of the samples were below the detection limit and the TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 300 (j,g/m . Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit and the primary clearance criterion after the first cleaning, no additional
samples were collected for analysis of PAH.
Unit 4C - This unit is located on the fourth floor. It is a 655 sq. ft. open loft that faces the WTC
site. The windows were blown in and there was significant dust accumulation in the dwelling.
The unit has hardwood floors and no carpet. All personal possessions to be retained by the tenant
were vacuumed and bagged.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 1 A: a Craftsman® shop vacuum and a
Eureka® upright vacuum for vacuuming the floors and other surfaces. No HEPA or AFD was
used during the cleaning process. In addition, all horizontal surfaces were wet wiped.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound after
being cleaned once.
Supplemental Sampling Activities - The air samples collected for PAH analysis were taken for
reference purposes only. These samples are discussed in the PAH section below.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning micro vacuum and wipe samples were collected
for asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to
cleaning. All four of the micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile, and one of the four
micro vacuum samples detected amosite. Three of the four wipe samples detected
chrysotile; however, one of these samples was below the detection limit. The fourth wipe
sample did not detect chrysotile and was below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples, three micro vacuum samples, and five
wipe samples were collected for asbestos. The samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM
AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM analysis could not be conducted due to overloading of
particulate material. The TEM AHERA results were above the detection limit but were
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. Two of the three air samples
analyzed using PCMe were below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc. The
third air sample detected chrysotile and was present at the primary clearance criterion of
0.0009 S/cc. Since the primary primary clearance criterion was met, no additional
cleaning was required.
The results of the three micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
lower than those observed before cleaning.
The results of the five wipe samples indicate that asbestos was present above the detection
level in one of the five samples. The concentrations were lower than in the pre-cleaning
concentrations.
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Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that there was dioxin present; however, the TEQ
concentration for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that the TEQ concentration for each sample was below the
criterion of 4 ng/m and were detected at lower concentrations than in the pre-cleaning
samples.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected above the detection limit in these samples.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Four micro vacuum samples and three wipe samples were
collected. The results indicate that all four micro vacuum samples exceeded the
comparison value. Two of the three wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance
criterion of 25 j_ig/ft . The third wipe sample was below the detection limit. The micro
2 2
vacuum samples ranged in concentration from 69.8 j_ig/ft to 83.7 j_ig/ft , and the wipe
samples ranged from non-detect to 181 jag/ft .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, three micro vacuum samples, and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
"3
primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . The results of the micro vacuum and wipe
samples show that all samples met the comparison value or primary clearance criterion for
lead after the first cleaning; however, three of the four wipe samples were qualified as
rejected due to field blank contamination, and one wipe sample was not analyzed because
it was not received at the laboratory.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - While the study was underway, there was a revision from a
"3
background clearance criterion for lead in air of 0.1 |ig/m to a health-based clearance
"3
criterion for lead in air of 1.0 (J,g/m . The initial results were compared to the background
clearance criterion which resulted in a decision to re-clean the dwelling and resample for
lead in air. This also occurred in four other units and although these units were cleaned a
second time and samples were collected after the second cleaning, the revised lead-in-air
criterion actually negated the need for the second cleaning and sampling events. One air
sample was collected and analyzed for lead. The result for this sample indicates that the
"3
concentration was below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 |ig/m .
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
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Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. The three
wipe samples contained MMVF detected at concentrations from 57.23 S/cm to 1030.17
S/cm . This indicates that MMVF was present prior to cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. All of the air sample results indicate that MMVF was present, but at
concentrations below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. The wipe sample results
2 2
were detected in concentrations ranging from 57.23 S/cm to 343.39 S/cm which were
similar to or lower than the pre-cleaning samples.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. Two of the
three samples were below the detection limit; the TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion. PAH compound was detected in the third sample; however
the calculated TEF was below the primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two post-cleaning air samples and four post-cleaning wipe
samples were collected. Both air samples had seven PAH compounds detected; however,
the calculated TEFs for these samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 0.2
"3
[j,g/m . All wipe samples were below the detection limit and the TEF for each sample was
below the primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Unit 4D - This unit is on the fourth floor. It is a 968 sq. ft. open loft facing the WTC site. The
unit had windows blown in and presented a significant accumulation of dust. The dwelling has
hardwood floors with no carpet. All personal possessions to be retained by the tenant were
vacuumed and bagged.
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Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 2A: a Ridgid® shop vacuum and a Eureka®
upright vacuum with a HEPA filter. No AFDs were used. All horizontal surfaces were wet-
wiped. This cleaning method was used for each cleaning event.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance listed in Table 1.0 for each compound after being
cleaned twice.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Six micro vacuum and five wipe samples were collected for
asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to cleaning.
All six of the micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile above the detection limit. Two of
the five wipe samples were below the detection limit, although one detected chrysotile.
The remaining three samples were above the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air, six micro vacuum samples and five wipe samples
were collected for asbestos. The samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and
PCMe. The results for the PCM analysis indicate that two of the three samples were
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The third slightly exceeded this value
with a concentration of 0.02 f/cc. The TEM AHERA results indicate that all three samples
were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that
two of the three air samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
The third sample detected chrysotile and was at the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009
S/cc.
The results of the six micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
lower than those observed before cleaning.
The results of the five wipe samples indicate that asbestos was present in all of the
samples at concentrations similar to or lower than those observed before cleaning.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that there was dioxin present at concentrations lower than
those observed in the pre-cleaning samples. In addition, the TEQ concentration for each
sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m . This indicates that the
cleaning techniques were effective at reducing dioxin concentrations.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
"3
Gypsum was not detected above the detection limit of 0.016 mg/m for these samples.
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Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Six micro vacuum samples and four wipe samples were
collected. The results indicate that lead was detected in all six of the micro vacuum
samples at concentrations above the comparison value of 25 jag/ft , ranging from 26.2
2 2
[j,g/ft to 83.5 [j,g/ft . One of the four wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance
2 2
criterion of 25 j_ig/ft with a concentration of 169 |ig/ft .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, six micro vacuum samples, and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
primary clearance criterion but were qualified as rejected due to lab blank contamination.
The results of the micro vacuum and wipe samples show that all but one wipe sample (66
[j,g/ft ) met the comparison value or primary clearance criterion for lead.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - One air sample and one wipe sample were collected after the
second cleaning. Both sample results were below their respective clearance criterion.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Since all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
calcite.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
cristobalite.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit. Because all of the samples were below the
detection limit after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of
tridymite.
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MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected. MMVF was detected in
2 2
the wipe samples in concentrations from 286.16 S/cm to 2174.79 S/cm .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. All of the air sample results indicate that MMVF was present, but at
levels below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. All of the wipe sample results
2 2
were in the range of 57.23 S/cm to 572.31 S/cm , which is lower than the pre-cleaning
range. This indicates that the cleaning techniques were effective at reducing MMVF
concentrations.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected. Three of the four samples
were below the detection limit with TEF values below the primary clearance criterion.
The fourth sample had six PAH compounds detected; the calculated TEF slightly exceeded
2 2
the primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m with a value of 325.8 |ig/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected. All four samples were
below the detection limit, and the TEF for each sample was below the primary clearance
"3
criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Fourth Floor Hallway - The fourth floor hallway is an area with plywood floors and walls made
of sheet rock covered with wallpaper glue. The ceiling is also made of sheet rock, and is painted.
Cleaning Method - This area was cleaned using Test 4A and Test 4B. Test 4A used an industrial
HEPA-filtered vacuum and an AFD, while Test 4B consisted of a soap and water wet wipe of only
the ceiling.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound after
being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One sample was collected after cleaning. The air sample was
analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM result was below the
secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. Similarly, the TEM AHERA result was below
the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe result was below the primary
clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc with the sample being below the detection limit.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no post- cleaning samples collected.
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Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. Gypsum
was not detected.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The air
"3
sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m .
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The
sample was below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The
sample was below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The
sample was below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The
sample was below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The
results indicate that MMVF was present in the sample; however, the concentration was
below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
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Unit 5A - This unit is on the fifth floor. It is a 1,404 sq. ft. loft facing Cedar Street with one
bedroom. The unit has hardwood floors and no carpet. One window had been blown in. The
dwelling presented minimal accumulation of dust, except for baseboard-heating units. Numerous
items were cleaned, then bagged.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 3B: an Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum.
An AFD was used during cleaning. In addition, all horizontal surfaces were wet wiped.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound after
being cleaned twice.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Seven micro vacuum and four wipe samples were collected for
analysis of asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to
cleaning. Chrysotile was detected in six of the seven micro vacuum samples and all four
of the wipe samples; however, chrysotile was present below the detection limit in two of
the four wipe samples.
Post 1st Cleaning - Three air samples, seven micro vacuum samples, and five wipe
samples were collected. The three air samples were analyzed using PCM and PCMe. The
PCM results were all below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. All three PCMe
analyses were at or below the primary criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
The results for the seven micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos results varied and
were present at levels higher and lower than before cleaning.
The results for the five wipe samples showed that asbestos was present in one sample;
however, all samples were below the detection limit. The results indicate that the cleaning
techniques used were effective in reducing the asbestos concentrations observed prior to
cleaning.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Three wipe samples were collected and analyzed for dioxin.
The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration for each
sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected and analyzed for dioxin.
The results indicate that the TEQ concentration for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in any sample.
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Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Seven micro vacuum samples and three wipe samples were
collected. Lead was detected in one of the seven micro vacuum samples at concentrations
below the comparison value of 25 jag/ft . All three wipe samples had detectable
concentrations of lead, two of which were above the primary clearance criterion of 25
l^g/ft2
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, seven micro vacuum samples and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
"3
primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . All seven micro vacuum samples were below the
comparison value. Two of the four wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance
criterion, therefore, additional cleaning was necessary.
Post 2nd Cleaning Sampling - Three wipe samples were collected following the second
cleaning. The results of all three samples were below the primary clearance criterion. In
two of the samples, lead was not detected. The sampling results following the second
cleaning indicate that the primary clearance criterion was met.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. All of
the samples were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. MMVF was
detected in all three of the samples.
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. The results of the three air samples indicate that MMVF was present;
however, all samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. The results of
the five wipe samples indicate that MMVF continued to be present in all of five of the
samples after the first cleaning; however, the concentrations detected were lower than in
the pre-cleaning samples. This indicates that the cleaning techniques were effective at
reducing the pre-cleaning concentrations of MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All three
samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
were below the detection limit and the TEF for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion of 300 (j,g/m . Since all of the samples were below the detection limit
and the primary clearance criterion after the first cleaning, no additional samples were
collected for analysis of PAH.
Unit 5C - This unit is located on the fifth floor. It is a 968 sq. ft. loft with three separate
bedrooms facing the WTC. The unit has hardwood floors. Windows were blown in. There was
significant accumulation of dust in the dwelling. All of the tenant's personal items were removed
prior to cleaning.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned twice using Test 3A: an industrial HEPA-filtered
vacuum for vacuuming the floors and other surfaces. An AFD was not used during the cleaning
process. All horizontal surfaces were wet wiped. This cleaning method was used for the first two
cleaning events. The third cleaning event used Test 3B, which is similar to Test 3 A described
above; however, AFDs were used during the third cleaning.
Cleaning Results - With the exception of asbestos, this unit met the clearance criteria listed in
Table 1.0 for each compound after being cleaned three times.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum and four wipe samples were collected for
analysis of asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to
cleaning. All three micro vacuum samples, as well as all four wipe samples, detected
chrysotile above the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning - Three air samples, three micro vacuum samples, and five wipe samples
were collected. The three air samples were analyzed using PCM and PCMe. The PCM
results indicate that two of the samples were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01
f/cc. The third slightly exceeded the primary clearance criterion with a result of 0.015 f/cc.
The PCMe analysis could not be conducted due to overloading of particulate material.
Due to inconclusive PCMe results, a second cleaning was conducted.
73
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The results for two of the three micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present
at levels similar to those observed before cleaning. The third micro vacuum sample was
reported as being below the detection limit.
The results for the five wipe samples indicate that two of the five samples were below the
detection limit, although one of these samples had chrysotile detected. The remaining
three samples had chrysotile detected at concentrations above the detection limit. Unlike
the micro vacuum samples, the results of the wipe samples collected after the first cleaning
were lower than the pre-cleaning concentrations. This indicates that the cleaning
techniques used were able to reduce the concentrations of asbestos in settled dust.
Post 2nd Cleaning - Five asbestos air samples were collected after the second cleaning.
The samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM, TEM
AHERA, and PCMe results could not be obtained due to the filters being overloaded with
particulate material. Due to inconclusive PCMe results, a third cleaning was conducted.
Post 3rd Cleaning - Four asbestos air samples were collected after the third cleaning. The
samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results indicate
that one sample was below the detection limit and the other three were at the detection
limit. All PCM results were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The
TEM AHERA results had chrysotile detected above the detection limit; however, all four
results were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results
indicate that two of the samples which were collected under a modified-aggressive
sampling methodology, were below or at the detection limit. The remaining two samples,
collected under an aggressive sampling methodology, were slightly above the primary
clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc with results of 0.0015 S/cc and 0.0016 S/cc. The results
obtained from the samples collected with the modified-aggressive sampling were used as
evidence of meeting the primary clearance criterion.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that the TEQ concentration for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m . Since dioxin was below the detection limit for all
of the samples collected, there were no additional dioxin samples collected.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected in any sample.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Three micro vacuum samples and three wipe samples were
74
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collected. Lead was detected in all three micro vacuum samples at concentrations above
(approximately four to six times) the comparison value of 25 j_ig/ft . Two of the three
wipe samples had detectable concentrations of lead above the primary clearance criterion
of 25 [j,g/ft , while the third was below the primary clearance criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, three micro vacuum samples and four wipe
samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the
"3
primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . However, at the time the results were received,
the primary clearance criterion that was being used for comparison was the background
clearance criterion of 0.1 |ig/m\ not the health-based clearance criterion of 1.0 (j,g/m3
which was developed during the execution of this project. Therefore, additional air
samples were collected after the second cleaning.
All three micro vacuum samples were below the detection limit. This indicates that the
cleaning techniques used were able to reduce the elevated pre-cleaning lead concentrations
that were observed in the settled dust in the areas where the samples were collected.
The results of three of the four wipe samples were below the primary clearance criterion
(one sample was broken and not analyzed). The results from the first cleaning indicate
that the cleaning technique was effective in removing the elevated concentrations of lead
that were observed prior to the first cleaning. Since the primary clearance criterion was
met for lead after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for the analysis
of lead, with the exception of the air samples discussed above.
Post 2nd Cleaning - Two air samples were collected after the second cleaning. The results
of both indicate that the samples were below the primary clearance criterion of
"3
1.0 (J,g/m . Since the primary clearance criterion was met for lead after the first cleaning,
no additional samples were collected.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
samples were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
samples were below the detection limit.
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Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. One
was below the detection limit and one was slightly above the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. All three
samples were above the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. The results indicate that MMVF was present in all three, with two
samples being above the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. The third was below the
primary clearance criterion. The results of the five wipe samples indicate that MMVF was
still present after the first cleaning at concentrations similar to or higher than the pre-
cleaning samples. There is not a clearance criterion for MMVF in settled dust; however,
since two of the air samples were above the primary clearance criterion, additional air
samples were collected for analysis of MMVF.
Post 2nd Cleaning - Five air samples were collected after the third cleaning. The results
indicate that the two of the five samples were above the primary clearance criterion. Due
to this situation, additional air samples were collected after the third cleaning.
Post 3rd Cleaning - Two air samples were collected after the second cleaning. The results
indicate that both samples were below the primary clearance criterion and below the
detection limit.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Three pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. Two of the
three samples were below the detection limit; the TEF for these samples was below the
primary clearance criterion. The third sample had four PAH compounds detected; the
calculated TEF was 303.5 (J,g/m2, which is slightly above the primary clearance criterion of
300 (J,g/m2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. All
were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary clearance
criterion of 300 (j,g/m . Since all of the samples were below the detection limit and the
primary clearance criterion after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected
for analysis of PAH.
Unit 5D - This unit is on the fifth floor. It is a 1,024 sq. ft. open loft facing the World Trade
Center site. This unit had windows that were blown in, which resulted in significant dust
accumulation. The dwelling has hardwood floors with no carpet. All personal items were
removed prior to cleaning.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 3B: an industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum and
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an AFD. All horizontal surfaces were wet wiped.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned one time.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Two micro vacuum and five wipe samples were collected for
analysis of asbestos. These samples indicate that asbestos was present in the unit prior to
cleaning. The two micro vacuum samples detected chrysotile above the detection limit.
Three of the five wipe samples were below the detection limit, although four of the five
wipe samples detected either chrysotile or amosite.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air, two micro vacuum and five wipe samples were
collected for asbestos. The samples were analyzed for PCM and PCMe. The PCM results
indicate all three air samples were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc.
The PCMe results indicate that all three of the samples were below the primary clearance
criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
The results of the two micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
somewhat similar to those observed before cleaning.
The results of the five wipe samples indicate that asbestos was below the concentrations
observed in the pre-cleaning samples and was below the detection limit for all samples.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected and analyzed for dioxin.
The results indicate that dioxin was not present and that the TEQ concentration for all
samples was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected and
analyzed for dioxin. The results indicate that there was dioxin present; however, the TEQ
concentration was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m and similar to pre-
cleanup concentrations.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
"3
Gypsum was not detected above the detection limit of 0.016 mg/m in the air samples.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Two micro vacuum samples and four wipe samples were
collected. Lead was detected in both micro vacuum samples and two of the four wipe
samples at concentrations above the comparison value or primary clearance criterion of
25 [j,g/ft . The micro vacuum samples exceeded the comparison value, ranging from 27.1
2 2
[j,g/ft to 49.1 [j,g/ft, and the two wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance criterion,
ranging from 25.3 (J,g/ft2 and 32.1 (J,g/ft2.
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 3B) - Two air samples, two micro vacuum samples, and
four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were
"3
below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . The results of the micro vacuum and
wipe samples show that all samples met the comparison value or primary clearance
criterion for lead.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected. The four wipe samples
evidenced MMVF above the detection limit, which indicates that MMVF was present
prior to cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples and five wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. All of the air sample results indicate that MMVF was present, but at
levels below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. All of the wipe sample results
2 2
were in the range of 114.46 S/cm to 228.93 S/cm . This indicates that the cleaning
method was able to reduce the pre-cleaning concentration of MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected. All four samples were
below the detection limit, and the TEF of 300 (J,g/m2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected. All four samples were
below the detection limit; the TEF value was below the primary clearance criterion of
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300 (J,g/m2.
Fifth Floor Hallway - The fifth floor hallway is an area with plywood floors and walls made of
sheet rock covered with wallpaper glue. The ceiling is also made of sheet rock, and is painted.
Cleaning Method - This area was cleaned twice using Test 4A and Test 4B. Test 4A used an
industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum and an AFD, while Test 4B consisted of a soap and water wet
wipe of only the ceiling.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned twice.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected. The air samples were
analyzed using PCM. The PCM results were below the secondary numeric criterion of
0.01 f/cc. The samples could not be analyzed for PCMe, due to overloading of particulate
matter on the filters.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected. The air samples were
analyzed using TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The samples could not be analyzed for PCM,
due to overloading of particulate matter on the filters. The TEM AHERA results were
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc, with the samples being below the
detection limit. Similarly, the PCMe results were below the primary clearance criterion
of 0.0009 S/cc with the samples likewise below the detection limit.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no post-first cleaning samples collected.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - There were no post-second cleaning samples collected.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning.
Gypsum was not detected. Since gypsum was below the detection for the sample
collected, no additional gypsum samples were collected.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The air
"3
sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . Since the primary
79
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clearance criterion was met for lead after the first cleaning, no additional lead samples
were collected.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The
sample was below the detection limit. Because the sample was below the detection limit
after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of alpha-quartz.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The
sample was below the detection limit. Because the sample was below the detection limit
after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of calcite.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning; the
sample was below the detection limit. Because the sample was below the detection limit
after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for analysis of cristobalite.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the first cleaning. The
sample was below the detection limit. Since the sample was below the detection limit
after the first cleaning, no additional samples were collected for tridymite.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. The
results indicate that MMVF was present in both samples; however, the concentrations
were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. Because the air samples were
below the primary clearance criterion, no additional samples were collected for MMVF.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no post-first cleaning samples collected.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - There were no post-second cleaning samples collected.
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Barber Shop - The Barber Shop is located below grade to Liberty Street. This 1,268 sq. ft. open
space faces the WTC site. The front door of the business was blown inward. Significant amounts
of dust and debris were deposited down into the staircase into the rental space. Floor areas are
covered with ceramic tiles. The ceiling is a suspended system composed of fibrous tiles. A void
space is above the suspended ceiling, The void space accommodates flexible AJC ducts,
electrical conduit and lights. All structural support members above the ceiling are encapsulated
with a non-asbestos insulating material. Equipment including chairs, wash sinks, counters and
hair care displays were located in the shop. The head space above the entrance door houses a
condenser/compressor unit that was heavily impacted with WTC-related dust and debris. Ceiling
tiles, flexible duct, chairs, display shelving, and hair care merchandise were disposed of prior to
cleaning. Ancillary rooms that extend under Liberty Street are adjacent to the shop space. These
rooms have earthen floors and are believed to be associated with utility companies. They were
not cleaned.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 4A and Test 4E. Test 4A consisted of use
of an industrial HEPA vacuum to vacuum floors and other surfaces. An AFD was used during
the cleaning process. Test 4E consisted of use of water to wet wipe all horizontal and vertical
surfaces.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned once.
Supplemental Sampling Activities - One bulk sample of insulation material was collected to
determine its asbestos content, in order to address applicable health and safety concerns.
Asbestos was not detected in the sample.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Other than the bulk sample mentioned in the previous section,
no other pre-cleanup samples were collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples were collected for asbestos. The samples
were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results indicate that all
three samples were below the detection limit and below the secondary numeric criterion
of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM AHERA results indicate that all three samples were below the
detection limit and below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe
results also indicate that all three samples were below the detection limit and were below
the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ concentration
for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected and analyzed for dioxin.
The results indicate that the concentrations of dioxin detected were slightly lower than the
pre-cleaning samples. The TEQ concentration for each sample was below the criterion of
4 ng/m2.
81
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Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Four pre-cleaning wipe samples were collected. Three of the
four samples were above the detection limit. The fourth sample was below the detection
limit. Two were above the primary clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft . Two of the samples
were qualified as rejected due to field blank contamination.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples and four wipe samples were collected after
the first cleaning. All of the air and wipe samples were below the detection limit and met
the primary air and wipe clearance criteria for lead after the first cleaning.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - No pre-cleaning samples were collected for MMVF.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
MMVF was detected in two of three samples, but at levels below the primary clearance
criterion of 10 S/L.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected. All of the samples were
below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary clearance
criterion. One PAH compound was detected in the fourth sample; however, the TEF was
below the primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four wipe samples were collected. All four samples were
below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary clearance
criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Cedar Street Staircase - This area consisted of wood steps/landings, sheet rock walls and
ceiling. Flooring was covered with vinyl tiles; walls and ceilings were covered with gloss paint.
Cleaning Method - This area was cleaned using Test 4A and Test 4B. Test 4A utilized a
commercial HEPA-filtered vacuum and an AFD. Test 4B consisted of soap and water wet wipe
of all horizontal and vertical surfaces.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected. The air samples were
analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results were below the
secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM AHERA results indicate that
chrysotile was present, but both samples were below the secondary numeric criterion of
0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that one sample was below the detection limit and
the other had chrysotile present, but at a concentration below the primary clearance
82
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criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected. Gypsum was not detected
in either sample.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Lead
was not detected in either sample. The results were below the primary clearance criterion
"3
of 1.0 |ig/m . Because the primary clearance criterion was met for lead after the first
cleaning, no additional lead samples were collected.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
samples were below the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no air samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. The
results indicate that MMVF was only present in one sample. Both samples were below
the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L.
83
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Chiropractor's Office - This is a 716 sq. ft. office space with four examination rooms facing
the World Trade Center site. All front windows were blown in. Significant amounts of dust
were present on all horizontal and vertical surfaces. Floor areas were covered with wall-to-wall
carpeting. The suspended ceiling was covered with fibrous tiles. There was a two-foot high void
space above the ceiling. The space above the suspended ceiling contained the HVAC system and
wood floor joist system for the third floor apartments. This area contained WTC-related and
non-WTC- related dust. The space was extremely difficult to clean due to the presence of
electrical wires, recessed lighting fixtures, sprinkler systems, and the dry, friable nature of the
wood support system. Ceiling tiles, flexible ventilation ducts and office equipment were
disposed of prior to cleaning.
Cleaning Method - This unit was the subject of separate tests to evaluate five different cleaning
techniques as described below:
Test 4A: Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuums and AFD.
Test 4B: Wet wipe all walls.
Test 4C: Hot water wet vacuum
Test 4D: AJC Duct Cleaning
Test 4E: Water only wet-wipe of the bathroom floor and desktop.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after the Test 4E cleaning event except for the lead wipe collected from the bathroom floor.
Supplemental Sampling Activities - Prior to initiating pre-cleaning sampling activities as
described below, EPA collected a bulk composite sample from the Chiropractor's Office. The
analytical data obtained from the bulk composite was utilized in identifying COPC
concentrations present in settled dust, determining the applicability of regulatory standards, and
identifying potential health and safety concerns. The Chiropractor's Office was selected, based
upon visual observation, as being representative of a "worst case scenario" in the study building.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Two air samples, four micro vacuum samples, and five wipe
samples were collected for asbestos. The air samples were analyzed for PCM and PCMe.
The PCM results indicate that one sample was above the secondary numeric criterion of
0.01 f/cc and one was below this value. The PCMe results were both below the detection
limit and below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc. All four of the micro
vacuum samples contained chrysotile above the detection limit. All five wipe samples
were also above the detection limit, with chrysotile being detected in all five samples and
amosite in two of the five samples.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Three air, four micro vacuum, and five wipe
samples were collected for asbestos. The air samples were analyzed for PCM and PCMe;
however, none of the analyses could be completed due to overloading of particulate
material.
The results of the four micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present at levels
lower than those observed before cleaning.
84
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Asbestos was present in all five wipe samples at lower concentrations than those
observed before cleaning. One of the five samples was identified as being below the
detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Three air samples and five wipe samples were
collected for asbestos. The air samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and
PCMe. The PCM results indicate that one sample could not be analyzed due to
particulate overloading; two were above the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc.
The TEM AHERA results indicate that two samples could not be analyzed due to
particulate overloading; one sample was above the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022
S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that two of the samples could not be analyzed due to
particulate overloading; one was above the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
The results of the five wipe samples indicate that asbestos was present in all five samples
at lower concentrations than those observed before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Five air samples and four micro vacuum samples
were collected for asbestos. The air samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and
PCMe. The PCM analysis could not be conducted due to overloading of the filter with
particulate matter. The TEM AHERA results indicate that three of the five samples could
not be analyzed due to overloading of the filters with particulate material. The remaining
two samples were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe
results indicate that three of the five air samples analyzed could not be analyzed due to
overloading of particulate matter. The remaining two PCMe results indicate that one
sample was below the primary clearance criterion and one sample exceeded the primary
clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc at 0.0033 S/cc.
The results of the four micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present in all
five samples at lower concentrations than those observed before cleaning, but at similar
concentrations to those after Test 4A cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4D) - Three air samples were collected for asbestos. The
samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results indicate
that all three samples were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM
AHERA results indicate that all three samples were below the detection limit and below
the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results were all below the
detection limit and were below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - One air sample and four wipe samples were collected and
analyzed for dioxin. The results indicate that there was dioxin present; however, the TEQ
concentration for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Four wipe samples were collected and analyzed for
dioxin. The TEQ concentration for each sample was below the primary clearance
criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Four wipe samples were collected and analyzed for
85
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dioxin. The concentrations of dioxin were similar to the pre-cleaning samples. The TEQ
concentration for each sample was below the criterion of 4 ng/m
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4E) - Three wipe samples were collected and analyzed
for dioxin. The concentrations of dioxin were slightly lower than the pre-cleaning
2
samples. The TEQ concentration for each sample was below the criterion of 4 ng/m .
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected. Gypsum was not
"3
detected in the air samples above the detection limit range of 0.008 mg/m to 0.017
mg/m3.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Gypsum was
3 3
detected in air at concentrations of 0.011 mg/m and 0.014 mg/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Gypsum was
3 3
detected in air above the detection limit with the results of 0.009 mg/m to 0.012 mg/m .
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Four micro vacuum samples and four wipe samples were
collected. Lead was detected in all of the micro vacuum samples and wipe samples.
Three of the four micro vacuum results exceeded the comparison value of 25 jag/ft,
2 2
ranging from 28.2 j_ig/ft tol81 j_ig/ft . Wipe sample concentrations exceeded the primary
clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft in all of the samples, ranging in concentrations from 74.7
[j,g/ft2 to 433 (J,g/ft2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples, four micro vacuum samples, and
four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were
"3
below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . The results of the micro vacuum and
wipe samples show that, while all of the micro vacuum and two of the wipes samples
were below the comparison value or primary clearance criterion. The remaining two
wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance criterion with concentrations of 64.5 j_ig/ft
and 146 (J,g/ft2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples and four wipe samples were
"3
collected. The two air samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (j,g/m .
Two of the four wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance criterion at concentrations
of 147 (J,g/ft2 and 556 (J,g/ft2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples and four micro vacuum samples
were collected. The two air samples both exceeded the primary clearance criterion at
3 3
1.89 (J,g/m and 2.56 (J,g/m . All four micro vacuum samples were below the comparison
value of 25 jag/ft2.
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Post Cleaning Samples (Test 4D) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below the
3 3
detection limit of 0.052 (J,g/m and the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4E) - Three wipe samples were collected. Two of the
three samples were below their respective primary clearance criterion. The third sample
2 2
exceeded the primary clearance criterion of 25 at a concentration of 954 j_ig/ft .
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected after the first
cleaning. Samples were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Samples were
below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below
the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected after the first
cleaning. Samples were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Samples were
below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below
the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected after the first
cleaning. Both samples were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Both samples
were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below
the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected after the first
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cleaning. Both samples were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Both samples
were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below
the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Two air samples and four wipe samples were collected.
MMVF was present in both air samples, but below the primary clearance criterion of 10
S/L. The four wipe samples had detectable concentrations of MMVF.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Three air samples and five wipe samples were
collected after the first cleaning. All of the air sample results indicate that MMVF was
present at levels below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. All of the wipe sample
results indicate that MMVF was present at concentrations below pre-cleaning samples.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Three air samples and five wipe samples were
collected after the first cleaning. Two of the three air samples exceeded the primary
clearance criterion of 10 S/L at 17.579 S/L and 60.606 S/L. All of the wipe samples were
below the concentrations detected during pre-cleaning sampling and were similar to the
concentrations after Test 4A.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Five air samples were collected after the first
cleaning. All of the air samples indicate that MMVF was present at levels below the
primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4D) - Three air samples were collected after cleaning.
All of the air samples indicate that MMVF was present at levels below the primary
clearance criterion of 10 S/L.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - Two air samples and four wipe samples were collected. The
two air samples both detected six PAH compounds; however, the calculated TEFs were
"3
below the primary clearance criterion of 0.2 (J,g/m . Two of the four wipe samples also
detected three PAH compounds; however, the calculated TEFs were below the primary
clearance criterion of 300 (j,g/m . The remaining two samples were below the detection
limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Four wipe samples were collected. All four
samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Four wipe samples were collected. All four
samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4E) - Three post-cleaning wipe samples were collected.
All three samples were below the detection limit. The TEF for each sample was below
the primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Elevator Shaft/Compactor Room - This area consisted of an elevator shaft with a soil floor and
an adjacent compactor room with a concrete floor. Construction was of cinder block walls and
exposed floor joists.
Cleaning Method - This area was cleaned using Test 4A. Test 4A consisted of use of an
industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum and an AFD. No wet wiping was performed.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples were collected. The three air samples
were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The three PCM results were all
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. Two of the three results were below
the detection limit. Similarly, the TEM AHERA results were all below the secondary
numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. All three of the samples were also below the detection
limit. The PCMe results were all below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc,
with all three of the samples below the detection limit.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. The
two air samples were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Three air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
MMVF was present in each of the three samples; however, the concentrations were below
the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L.
The Food Exchange - This unit is a 5,000 sq. ft. restaurant occupying three floors. The first
floor is at street level with entrances from both Liberty and Cedar Streets. This floor was used for
food service and customer dining. The lower level (basement) was used for food preparation and
storage. The third level (sub-basement) was used for storage of restaurant equipment. Ceramic
tile covers the floor area in both the dining room and the basement. The floor of the sub-basement
is packed soil. All exterior windows had been blown inward depositing significant amounts of
dust on all surface areas of the first floor. Minimal dust was present in the basement. The first
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floor ceiling by the Liberty Street entrance is made of gypsum board. The ceiling on the Cedar
Street entrance consists of suspended acoustical tile covered with decorative tin facing. Above the
suspended ceiling is a two-foot void space that houses the HVAC system for the establishment.
The basement ceiling is a suspended fibrous tile ceiling. The void space above both suspended
ceilings and the gypsum ceiling contained both WTC-related and non-WTC- related dust.
Asbestos pipe insulation was present in the void space of the basement. Grills, refrigerators,
tables and chairs were present on the first floor. The basement contains walk-in refrigerators,
preparation tables, stoves, dishwashing areas and dry goods storage. Prior to cleaning, all open
and bulk stored food, fibrous ceiling tiles in the basement, and wrap insulation that had
surrounded the HVAC systems were disposed.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 4 A and Test 4D. Test 4 A consisted of use
of an industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum and an AFD. All horizontal surfaces were wet wiped.
Test 4D consisted of cleaning of the HVAC system by a subcontractor utilizing standard industry
cleaning techniques.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned once.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - One wipe sample and one bulk sample were collected from
the HVAC system. The wipe sample concentration was below the detection limit,
however the detection limit was much higher than the other wipe sample detection limit
(approximately 300,000 vs. 3,000). The bulk sample was analyzed by PLM and asbestos
was not detected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Eight air samples were collected for asbestos. The
air samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results
indicate that six of the samples were below the detection limit and all eight samples were
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM AHERA results indicate
that seven of the samples were below the detection limit and all eight samples were below
the numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that all eight of the air
samples were below the detection limit and below the primary clearance criterion of
0.0009 S/cc.
Post 1st Cleaning, HVAC System - Three air and two wipe samples were collected. The
air samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results
indicate that all of the samples were below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc.
The TEM AHERA results indicate that two of the samples were below the detection limit
and the third was at the detection limit with all three being below the secondary numeric
criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that two of the samples were below
the detection limit and the third was at the detection limit with all three being below the
primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, HVAC System - One air sample was collected after the first
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"3
cleaning. Gypsum was not detected above the detection limit of 0.008 mg/m in the air
sample.
Lead (HVAC)
Before Cleaning Samples - One wipe sample was collected from the HVAC system.
2 2
Lead was detected above the primary clearance criterion of 25 jag/ft at 1310 jag/ft .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, HVAC System - Two air samples and two wipe samples were
collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were below the detection level and
"3
primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . Lead concentrations exceeded the primary
2 2
clearance criterion at 136 jag/ft and 183 j_ig/ft . The post-cleaning lead exceedances were
attributed to the composition of the HVAC construction material.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Five air samples were collected. All were below
the detection level.
Alpha-Quartz (HVAC)
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, HVAC System - One air sample was collected after the first
cleaning. The air sample was below the detection limit.
Calcite (HVAC)
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, HVAC System - One air sample was collected. The air sample
was below the detection limit.
Cristobalite (HVAC)
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, HVAC System - One air sample was collected after the first
cleaning. The air sample was below the detection limit.
Tridymite (HVAC)
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, HVAC System - One air sample was collected. The air sample
was below the detection limit.
MMVF (HVAC)
Before Cleaning Samples - One sample was collected. The wipe sample had an MMVF
concentration of 11732.44 S/cm2
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, HVAC System - Three air samples and two wipe samples were
collected. All of the air and wipe sample results indicate that MMVF concentrations were
below the detection limit and that the air samples were below the primary clearance
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criterion of 10 S/L. This indicates that the cleaning method was able to reduce the pre-
cleaning concentration of MMVF in the HVAC system.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Eight air samples were collected. All sample
concentrations were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L. Six of the eight
samples were below the detection limit.
Total Dust
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, HVAC System - The results for the micro vacuum sample
indicated that dust was present below the clearance criteria of 0.5 mg/cm . This value is
lower than the clearance criteria set by NADCA.
Lemongrass Grill - This unit is 3,500 square feet in area with two floors. All exterior windows
facing the WTC were blown inward depositing significant amounts of dust on all surfaces of the
first floor. Minimal dust was present in the basement. The first floor is at street level with
entrances from both Liberty and Cedar Streets. The lower level (basement) was used for food
preparation and storage. Gypsum ceilings and hardwood floors are present throughout the dining
area. Wood floor joists and sub-floor from the first floor constitute the basement ceiling. The
dining area is decorated with Thai accents consisting of bamboo and thatch.
Grills, ovens, refrigerators, tables, chairs and a bar are on the first floor. The basement contains a
walk-in refrigerator, freezers, preparation table, dishwasher, and dry goods storage. The floor of
the basement is concrete. The establishment's HVAC system is suspended from the ceiling of
the first floor.
Prior to cleaning, all tables, chairs, containerized food and accent decorations were disposed.
Restaurant equipment including woks, utensils, pots, pans, and flatware were vacuumed and
washed.
Cleaning Method - This unit was cleaned using Test 4 A and Test 4D. Test 4 A consisted of use
of an industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum and an AFD. Test 4D consisted of professional cleaning
of the HVAC system using standard industry techniques. All horizontal surfaces were wet
wiped. This cleaning method was used for each cleaning event. The HVAC system was also
cleaned and tested.
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after being cleaned twice. The HVAC met the clearance criteria after being cleaned once.
Asbestos
HVAC Cleaning Results - One wipe sample and one bulk sample were collected from the
HVAC system. The wipe sample concentration was below the detection limit, however
the detection limit was much higher than the other wipe sample detection limit
(approximately 12,000 vs. 3,000). The bulk sample was analyzed by PLM and found to
be less than one percent asbestos.
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Post 1st Cleaning - Five air samples were collected from the first floor and one air sample
was collected from the basement. The samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA,
and PCMe. The PCM, TEM AHERA and PCMe analyses of the five samples collected
from the first floor could not be conducted due to overloading of particulate material.
The sample collected from the basement met the primary clearance criterion and
secondary numeric criterion.
Post 2nd Cleaning - Seven air samples were collected after the second cleaning. The
samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results were all
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. Five of the samples were below the
detection limit. The TEM AHERA results were all below the secondary numeric
criterion of 0.022 S/cc, with six of the seven samples below the detection limit. The
PCMe results were all below the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc, with six of
the seven samples below the detection limit. The seventh sample was at the detection
limit of 0.0005 S/cc. This indicates that the cleaning techniques were effective at
removing particulate matter after the first cleaning, which allowed valid asbestos air
samples to be collected. The results indicate that the unit met the primary clearance and
secondary numeric criteria.
HVAC System - Four air samples and two wipe samples were collected after the HVAC
system was cleaned. The air samples were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe.
The PCM results were all below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM
AHERA results indicate that two samples were below the detection limit and that two
samples were equal to the detection limit of 0.0005 S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that
all four samples were below the detection limit of 0.0005 S/cc.
The results for the two asbestos wipe samples indicate that both samples were below the
detection limit. The detection limit (12,100 S/cm ) was higher than the detection limit
(approximately 3,000 S/cm ) for most other wipe samples on this project.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected and analyzed for dioxin.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected and analyzed for dioxin.
HVAC System - There were no samples collected and analyzed for dioxin.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected. .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after the first cleaning for
gypsum.
HVAC System - One air sample was collected for gypsum. This sample was below the
detection limit.
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Lead (HVAC)
Before Cleaning Samples - One wipe sample was collected. Lead was detected at a
concentration above the primary clearance criterion of 25 with a value of 10700
l^g/ft2
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Four air samples were collected. All four samples were
"3
below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (j,g/m . One of these samples was collected
from the basement.
HVAC System - Three air samples and two wipe samples were collected after the HVAC
system was cleaned. The air sample results indicate that all three air samples were below
the detection limit. The two wipe sample results indicated that lead was still present at
25.9 (j,g/ft2 and 166 (j,g/ft2. Both of these results were above the primary clearance
criterion. Post cleaning lead exceedances were attributed to the composition of the
HVAC construction material.
Alpha-Quartz (HVAC)
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after the first cleaning.
HVAC System - One air sample was collected. The air sample was below the detection
limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after the first cleaning.
HVAC System - One air sample was collected after the HVAC system was cleaned. This
sample was below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after the first cleaning.
HVAC System - One air sample was collected after the HVAC system was cleaned. This
sample was below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after the first cleaning.
HVAC System - One air sample was collected after the HVAC system was cleaned. This
sample was below the detection limit.
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MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - One wipe sample was collected. The sample was below the
detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Five air samples were collected after the first cleaning.
MMVF was below the detection limit.
HVAC System - Four air and two wipe samples were collected after the HVAC system
was cleaned. The results for all air and wipe samples indicate that MMVF was below the
detection limit and that the air samples were below the primary clearance criteria of 10
S/L.
Post 2nd Cleaning Samples - One air sample was collected after the second cleaning. The
result was below the detection limit.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after the first cleaning.
Total Dust
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected after the first cleaning.
HVAC System - One micro vacuum sample was collected. The results for the micro
vacuum sample indicate that dust was present below the clearance criterion of 0.50
mg/cm . This value is lower than the clearance criterion set by NADCA.
Liberty Street Staircase - The stairwell consisted of cast concrete steps/landings, sheet rock
walls and ceiling. All surfaces were covered with gloss paint.
Cleaning Method - This area was cleaned using Test 4A and Test 4B. Test 4A consisted of use
of an industrial FtEPA-filtered vacuum and an AFD. Test 4B consisted of soap and water wet
wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces.
Cleaning Results - This area did not meet the primary clearance criterion for alpha-quartz listed
in Table 1.0. Due to a delay in receiving analytical results, this exceedance was not identified
until after the close of the study. However, the only elevated sampling result for airborne alpha-
quartz was obtained from the Liberty Street staircase. This result is inconsistent with the other
53 samples taken throughout apartments and common spaces in the building. Those results were
all reported to be below the detection limit. Consequently, the presence of a single elevated
sample result in a low occupancy area of the building is not indicative of a health hazard.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples -
There were no samples collected.
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected for asbestos. These samples
were analyzed for PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results were all below the
secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM AHERA results indicate that one was
below the detection limit and one was at the detection limit. Both samples were below
the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that one was
below the detection limit and one was at the detection limit. Both samples were below
the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc.
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected. Gypsum was not detected.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected for lead. Lead was not
detected in either sample.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. One
"3
sample exceeded the primary clearance criterion of .004 mg/m . Alpha-quartz was not
detected in the remaining sample.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
samples were below the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
samples were below the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected after the first cleaning. Both
samples were below the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - There were no samples collected.
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Post 1st Cleaning Samples - Two air samples were collected. The results for both
samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L.
Mattress Store - This is a 968 sq. ft. open space facing the World Trade Center site. All front
windows were blown in. Significant amounts of dust were present on all horizontal surfaces.
Floor areas were covered with wall-to-wall carpeting. Approximately 25 display mattresses and
box springs were present. Ceiling tiles, mattresses, office equipment and flexible ventilation
ducts were removed and disposed of prior to cleaning. The space above the suspended ceiling
exhibited the same characteristics as in the Chiropractor's Office.
Cleaning Method - This unit was the subject of separate tests to evaluate five different cleaning
techniques as described below:
Test 4 A
Test 4B
Test 4C
Test 4D
Test 4E:
Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuums and AFD
Wet wipe all walls
Hot water carpet shampoo
AJC duct cleaning
Cleaning of vinyl floor tile and wet wipe of window ledge using water
only
Cleaning Results - This unit met the clearance criteria listed in Table 1.0 for each compound
after the Test 4E cleaning event except for one lead wipe which was collected from a window
ledge.
Supplemental Sampling Activities - Prior to initiating pre-cleaning sampling activities as
described below, EPA collected a bulk composite sample from the Mattress Store. The
analytical data obtained from the bulk composite was utilized in identifying COPC
concentrations present in settled dust, determining the applicability of regulatory standards, and
identifying potential health and safety concerns. The Mattress Store was selected, based upon
visual observation, as being representative of a "worst case scenario" in the study building.
Asbestos
Before Cleaning Samples - Four air, seven micro vacuum, and three wipe samples were
collected for asbestos. The air samples were analyzed for PCM and PCMe. The PCM
results indicate that two of the samples were above and two of the samples were below
the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The PCMe results indicate that two of the
samples could not be analyzed due to overloading of particulate material. The remaining
two samples were below the detection limit and below the primary clearance criterion of
0.0009 S/cc. All seven of the micro vacuum samples and all three of the wipe samples
detected chrysotile.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Three air samples, seven micro vacuum samples
and four wipe samples were collected for asbestos. The air samples were analyzed for
PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results indicate that all three samples were
below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM AHERA results indicate
that two of the samples could not be analyzed due to overloading of particulate material.
The remaining sample was below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.0022 S/cc. The
PCMe results indicate that two of the samples could not be analyzed due to overloading of
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particulate material. The remaining sample was below the primary clearance criterion of
0.0009 S/cc. The results of the seven micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was
present at concentrations lower than those observed before cleaning. The results of the
wipe samples indicate that asbestos was present in all four samples at higher
concentrations than those observed before cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Three air samples and four wipe samples were
collected for asbestos. The three air samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA,
and PCMe. The PCM results indicate that two samples could not be analyzed due to
overloading of particulate material and one sample was above the secondary numeric
criterion of 0.01 f/cc. The TEM AHERA and PCMe analyses could not be analyzed due
to overloading of particulate matter.
Asbestos was present in three of the four wipe samples at higher concentrations than
those observed before cleaning, but similar to the Test 4A samples. One sample was
recorded as below the detection limit; however, the detection limit was greater than
normal due to the presence of particulate material.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Five air and seven micro vacuum samples were
collected. Five air samples were analyzed using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The
PCM results indicate that all five samples were below the secondary numeric criterion of
0.01 f/cc. The TEM AHERA results indicate that all five samples were below the
secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that all five
samples were above the primary clearance criterion of 0.0009 S/cc. The results of the
seven micro vacuum samples indicate that asbestos was present in concentrations above
the detection level in four of the seven samples. However, post-cleanup sample
concentrations were lower than those observed before cleaning and after Test 4A
cleaning.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4D) - Three air samples were collected and analyzed
using PCM, TEM AHERA, and PCMe. The PCM results indicate that all three samples
were below the detection limit and below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.01 f/cc.
The TEM AHERA results indicate that all three samples were below the detection limit
and below the secondary numeric criterion of 0.022 S/cc. The PCMe results indicate that
all three samples were below the detection limit and below the primary clearance criterion
of 0.0009 S/cc.
Dioxin
Before Cleaning Samples - Two air samples and three wipe samples were collected and
analyzed for dioxin. The results indicate that dioxin was present; however, the TEQ
"3
concentration for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 0.001 ng/m
for air and 4 ng/m for settled dust.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Four wipe samples were collected and analyzed for
dioxin. The concentrations of dioxin were similar to the pre-cleaning samples. The TEQ
concentration for each sample was below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected
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and analyzed for dioxin. The concentrations of dioxin were slightly higher than the pre-
cleaning samples. The TEQ concentration for each sample was below the primary
clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4E) - Two post-cleaning wipe samples and two pre-
water wipe samples were collected and analyzed for dioxin. The results indicate that the
concentrations of dioxin were similar to the pre-cleaning samples. TEQ concentrations
were below the primary clearance criterion of 4 ng/m .
Gypsum
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected. Gypsum was not
detected in the air samples above the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Gypsum was not
detected in the air samples above the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples, (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Gypsum was not
detected in the air samples above the detection limit.
Lead
Before Cleaning Samples - Seven micro vacuum samples and three wipe samples were
collected. All seven micro vacuum samples were below the comparison value of 25
[j,g/ft . Two of the three wipe samples were above the primary clearance criterion of 25
[j,g/ft . The third was below the detection limit. Concentrations of lead in the two wipe
2 2
samples, which exceeded the primary clearance criterion of 25 j_ig/ft, were 38.9 |ig/ft
and 77 (J,g/ft2.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples, seven micro vacuum samples,
and four wipe samples were collected after the first cleaning. The two air samples were
"3
below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (J,g/m . Five of the seven micro vacuum
samples were below the detection limit. All seven samples were below the comparison
value. Two of the four wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance criterion with
2 2
concentrations of 42.2 j_ig/ft and 43.9 j_ig/ft . Of the remaining two samples, one was
below the primary clearance criterion and both were below the detection limit and below
the primary clearance criterion.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples and four wipe samples were
"3
collected. The two air samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0 (j,g/m .
Two of the four wipe samples exceeded the primary clearance criterion with
2 2
concentrations of 91.5 j_ig/ft and 79.3 j_ig/ft . Of the remaining two, one was below the
primary clearance criterion and the other was below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples and seven micro vacuum samples
were collected. The two air samples were below the primary clearance criterion of 1.0
3 2
[j,g/m . All seven micro vacuum samples were below the comparison value of 25 jag/ft .
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Six were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4D) - Two air samples were collected, both with results
"3
below the 0.051 (J,g/m detection limit as well as the primary clearance criterion of 1.0
Hg/nr\
Post Cleaning Samples (Test 4E) - Three wipe samples were collected. The glass jars
containing two of the samples were broken at the laboratory; however, the laboratory was
able to analyze these samples. The samples were below the primary clearance criterion of
25 [j,g/ft . The third sample exceeded the primary clearance criterion at a concentration of
38.2 [j,g/ft . Re-cleaning and testing at this location was not performed since this sample
was collected on a window sill which was later painted by the property owner.
Alpha-Quartz
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - There were two air samples collected after the first
cleaning. Both air samples were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Both samples
were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below
the detection limit.
Calcite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected. Both air samples
were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Both samples
were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below
the detection limit.
Cristobalite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected after the first
cleaning. Both air samples were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Both samples
were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below
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the detection limit.
Tridymite
Before Cleaning Samples - Pre-cleaning air samples were not collected.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Two air samples were collected. Both air samples
were below the detection limit. .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Two air samples were collected. Both samples
were below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Two air samples were collected. Both were below
the detection limit.
MMVF
Before Cleaning Samples - Four air samples and three wipe samples were collected. All
four air samples were above the detection limit. MMVF was detected above the primary
clearance criterion of 10 S/L in two of the four air samples. The three wipe samples had
detectable concentrations of MMVF.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Three air samples and four wipe samples were
collected. MMVF was present in all, but at concentrations below the primary clearance
criterion of 10 S/L. All of the wipe sample results were below the concentrations
detected during pre-cleaning sampling, with one below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Three air samples and four wipe samples were
collected after the first cleaning. All three of the air samples were below the primary
clearance criterion of 10 S/L. All of the wipe samples were below the concentrations
detected during pre-cleaning sampling, with one below the detection limit.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4C) - Five air samples were collected after the first
cleaning. MMVF was present in all, but at concentrations below the primary clearance
criterion of 10 S/L.
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4D) - Three air samples were collected after cleaning.
All were below the detection limit and below the primary clearance criterion of 10 S/L.
PAH
Before Cleaning Samples - One air sample and three wipe samples were collected. The
air sample was below the detection limit. The TEF was below the primary clearance
"3
criterion of 0.2 (j,g/m . Two of the three wipe samples had PAH compounds detected.
One sample detected three PAH compounds and the other detected two PAH compounds.
The calculated TEFs for these two samples, as well as the third sample, were below the
primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4A) - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected.
All four were below the detection limit; the TEF for each sample was below the primary
101
-------
2
clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4B) - Four post-cleaning wipe samples were collected.
All four samples were below the detection limit; the TEF for each sample was below the
primary clearance criterion of 300 (J,g/m .
Post 1st Cleaning Samples (Test 4E) - Two wipe samples were collected. Both were
below the detection limit; the TEF for each was below the primary clearance criterion of
300 (J,g/m2.
102
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5. Discussion
This project was an essential element of EPA's efforts in responding to concerns raised by
residents of lower Manhattan regarding the presence of WTC dust in their homes. EPA
endeavored to confirm that the cleaning methods that individuals were using, and that
representatives of health and environmental agencies had recommended, were effective in
removing the dust generated by the unprecedented disaster.
Concurrent with this study, EPA conducted the Indoor Air Residential Assistance-WTC Dust
Cleanup Program, cleaning residential spaces for residents of lower Manhattan who expressed
interest. It was imperative to complete this study as quickly as possible to determine if the
routine cleaning procedures being employed in the WTC Dust Cleanup Program required
modification.
The study addressed cleaning of a complex mixture of contaminants, including construction
debris and fire-related compounds. As noted in the Executive Summary, EPA was unaware of a
precedent for an indoor environmental cleanup with such a diverse set of parameters. However,
time pressure did not allow for conducting extensive research on potential cleaning techniques in
a controlled setting. The urgent and real-time need to determine the effectiveness of the cleaning
methods being used by residents and being employed in the WTC Dust Cleanup Program drove
the decision to field test the effectiveness of the standard dust removal methods in a heavily-
impacted unoccupied building.
Multiple endpoints were used in the study to ensure that the complexity of the dust was
comprehensively considered. Sampling for a variety of compounds was conducted before and
after cleaning. Clearance was determined by the removal of contaminants to the health-based
benchmarks established in the COPC/Benchmark Report.
The study used a combination of data sets to determine the extent of contamination, the
effectiveness of the cleaning methods, and the differences across various sampling and analytical
methods.
5.1 Data Sets
Many different samples from multiple media for specific compounds were collected over the
course of the study which resulted in a variety of data sets being generated. Different data sets
were used to evaluate the objectives listed above. Multiple data sets were used for determining
the extent of contamination before any cleaning events occurred and for evaluating the
effectiveness of various cleaning methods.
The most informative data sets included results from asbestos wipe sampling, lead wipe and micro
vacuum sampling and MMVF wipe sampling events conducted before and after first cleaning of
the residential units. The majority of results for other compounds for which wipe samples were
collected before and after first cleaning (e.g., dioxin, PAH) were below the detection limits for both
sampling events. Therefore, these data sets did not provide a useful basis for determining the
extent of contamination prior to cleaning or for evaluating the effectiveness of the cleaning
methods. Pre-cleaning air sampling was not conducted because of concerns that the presence of
significant levels of dust accumulation might make overloading of filters more likely using the
103
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aggressive technique.
The results from the two commercial units included as part of the study could not be used to
evaluate existing contamination or overall cleaning efficiency, in as much as the cleaning and
sampling process that was used in the commercial units differed from the cleaning and sampling
process that was used in the residential units. The non-study commercial units were sampled
only for post-cleaning clearance confirmation.
It should be noted that samples were collected for alpha-quartz, calcite, gypsum, tridymite,
crystobalite and total dust. However, data for these parameters are not included in this document
due to uncertainties in the analytical results. Another data set, asbestos micro vacuum samples,
was also not included for evaluating the extent of contamination or cleaning efficiency because
the results were extremely variable and did not present consistent trends, as did other data. A
work group of the Interagency Indoor Air Task Force debated the inclusion of asbestos micro
vacuuming in this study as a result of concerns that the results would not be relevant because, as
stated in the ASTM - Standard Test Method for Micro Vacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis
of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy for Asbestos Structure Number Concentrations:
".. .the collection efficiency of this technique is unknown and will vary among substrates."19
This uncertainty, combined with the high degree of uncertainty in predicting airborne asbestos
20
levels based on the amount in settled dust and the variable nature of the asbestos micro vacuum
results, limited the use of this data set. Despite these concerns and the quantitative limitations of
the method, micro vacuuming was used in an effort to assess the presence of asbestos.
The data sets that did not provide adequate information for determining the extent of existing
contamination and the efficiency of cleaning methods, were useful, in combination with the other
data sets, to address variances in the use of different sampling and analytical methods, and the
use of different equipment.
5.2 Extent of Contamination
This study was designed to establish the effectiveness of a variety of cleaning methods in
removing dust and associated materials related to the WTC collapse. In order to evaluate
different cleaning methods, the degree of contamination prior to cleaning needed to be assessed.
This was accomplished by visually observing the amount of dust in an apartment and by
collecting samples prior to cleaning events.
Qualitative visual observations of the quantities of WTC dust that had been deposited into each
19American Society for Testing and Materials. (1995J. Standard Test Method for Microvacuum Sampling
and Indirect Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy for Asbestos Structure Number Concentrations.
(ASTM Publication No. D576-95.) West Conshohocken PA.
2l lThe uncertainty of predicting airborne asbestos levels based on settled dust was recently reiterated by a
panel of experts that peer reviewed an EPA report that proposed a health-based benchmark for asbestos in settled
dust based on utilizing a K factor approach. Specifically, the peer review panel (www.tera.org) stated:
"The panel did not endorse the asbestos settled dust benchmark because the only relevant exposure pathway for
asbestos is inhalation and the K-factor methodology is, at this time, inadequate for predicting inhalation exposure from
asbestos surface loading measurements."
104
-------
apartment were recorded in the initial phase of the study, prior to cleaning. Six apartments were
identified as having accumulated a significant amount of dust. The remaining seven apartments
were identified as having a minimal amount of dust accumulation. All of the apartments
characterized as containing a significant amount of dust presented windows that had been blown
in during the collapse of the WTC. The visual observations were used in an attempt to distribute
the cleaning methods evenly, based on the amount of dust present.
Once the analytical results were available, it was possible to quantitatively determine differences
that existed in the amount of contamination that was present in the apartments prior to cleaning.
As indicated above, the pre-cleaning results for asbestos wipe sampling, lead wipe and micro
vacuum sampling, and MMVF wipe sampling results from the residential units provided the
most complete data set for determining the existing contamination in apartments prior to
cleaning. These four data sets were used to establish differences in contamination between
apartments prior to cleaning.
The results for each data set identified above were averaged by unit, then ranked from the highest
concentration t the lowest concentration, which resulted in each unit having four rankings (one
for each data set). These rankings are presented in Table 9.0.
The range of the highest concentration to the lowest concentration for each compound or sample
type spanned an order of magnitude. One apartment, 4B, did not contain any porous surfaces that
could be sampled, therefore there were no micro vacuum samples collected. This prohibited this
unit from being included in the ranking.
Once the units were assigned a ranking for each data set, the rankings for each unit were summed
to create a variable called "sum of ranks". This information is presented in Table 10.0. The sum
of ranks has a theoretical range of 4-48, while the observed range in this evaluation was 13-45.
This indicates that there was generally an even distribution within the theoretical range, with the
exception of the lower end of the range, as there were no units which ranked less than 13.
Therefore, the visual observations of dust generally corresponded with levels of contamination
found in the dust. The results of the ranking evaluation indicates that there was a difference in
the degree of an average contamination for these compounds between units prior to the cleaning
events.
1.
The study found that there was a pre-cleaning difference
in the levels of contamination among the units in the building.
105
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Table 9.0
Ranking of Residential Units for Four Contaminants based on Level of Contamination Before
Cleaning 21
Rankin^J)^^sbestosJVi£eResuhs^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ankin^J)^tMVFJVi£eResuh^
Asbestos
Lead
Lead
MMVF
Asbestos
Lead
Lead
MMVF
Unit
Rank
Wipe
Wipe
IVIicrovac
Wipe
Unit
Rank
Wipe
Wipe
IVIicrovac
Wipe
5A
1
65,290
732
2
799
2B
1
28.092
40
3
4,731
3D
2
60,623
81
20
601
3B
2
2.566
9
5
1,259
5C
3
35,021
129
177
687
4D
3
8.861
52
61
830
3C
4
34,030
268
72
477
5A
4
65.290
732
2
799
2B
5
28,092
40
3
4,731
2A
5
16.607
34
6
787
2A
6
16,607
34
6
787
5C
6
35.021
129
177
687
4C
7
14,242
88
75
477
3D
7
60.623
81
20
601
5D
8
9,651
17
38
441
3A
8
2.962
19
5
515
4D
9
8,861
52
61
830
3C
9
34.030
268
72
477
3A
10
2,962
19
5
515
4C
10
14.242
88
75
477
3B
11
2,566
9
5
1,259
5D
11
9.651
17
38
441
4A
12
2,368
12
5
401
4A
12
2.368
12
5
401
4B
7,911
25
n/a
501
4B
7.911
25
n/a
501
Ranking by
Lead Wipe Result
Ranking by Lead Microvac Result
Asbestos
Lead
Lead
MMVF
Asbestos
Lead
Lead
MMVF
Unit
Rank
Wipe
Wipe
IVIicrovac
Wipe
Unit
Rank
Wipe
Wipe
IVIierovae
Wipe
5A
1
65.290
732
2
799
5C
1
35.021
129
177
687
3C
2
34.030
268
72
477
4C
2
14.242
88
75
477
5C
3
35.021
129
177
687
3C
3
34.030
268
72
477
4C
4
14.242
88
75
477
4D
4
8.861
52
61
830
3D
5
60.623
81
20
601
5D
5
9.651
17
38
441
4D
6
8.861
52
61
830
3D
6
60.623
81
20
601
2B
7
28.092
40
3
4.731
2A
7
16.607
34
6
787
2A
8
16.607
34
6
787
3A
8
2.962
19
5
515
3A
9
2.962
19
5
515
3B
9
2.566
9
5
1.259
5D
10
9.651
17
38
441
4A
10
2.368
12
5
401
4A
11
2.368
12
5
401
2B
11
28.092
40
3
4.73 1
3B
12
2.566
9
5
1.259
5A
12
65.290
732
2
799
4B
7.911
25
n/a
501
4B
7.911
25
N/A
501
21
The results for each compound and/or sample type were averaged by unit and then ranked from the
highest concentration to the lowest concentration. The values presented in the tables represent the average
concentration detected per unit. The average concentration calculation included samples that were identified as
below the detection limit. These samples were assigned a value equal to the detection limit. The sample size for
each unit was generally either four or five samples. Unit 4B was not included in the rankings because no micro
vacuum samples were collected for lead before cleaning.
106
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Table 10.0
Uiinking «(' Kcsklcnlinl I nils hy
Prc-C"loii 11 inii Average ('onoenlralions of C'oiiliiiiiiiiiiuls
Unit
Observable
Cleaning
Times
Presence of
Asbestos
Lead
Lead
MMVF
Sum of
Number
Dust
Test
Cleaned
Belongings^'
Wipe
Wipe
Microvac
Wipe
Ranks
Rank
Rank
Rank
Rank
5C
significant
3A.3A.3B
3
No. 1 couch
3
3
1
6
13
5 A
minimal
3B.3B
2
No. 1 couch
i
1
12
4
18
3C
significant
1A.1A.3B
3
No. 1 couch
4
2
3
9
18
3D
significant
1 A. 1A
2
no. 1 couch &
2
5
6
7
20
chair
4D
significant
2A.2A
2
no. 1 chair &
9
6
4
3
22
ottoman
4C
significant
1A
1
no. 1 couch
7
4
2
10
23
2B
minimal
3 A
1
no. 1 couch
5
7
11
1
24
2A
minimal
IB. IB
2
no. 1 couch &
6
8
7
5
26
chair
5D
significant
3B
1
no. 1 couch
8
10
5
11
34
3B
minimal
Scope A
2
Yes
11
12
9
2
34
3 A
minimal
2B
1
yes. carpet
10
9
8
8
35
4A
minimal
2A.2A
2
no. 1 couch
12
11
10
12
45
Cleaning Equipment:
1A Basic w/o AFD
2A Intermediate w/HEPA w/o AFD
3 A Advanced w/o AFD
IB Basic w/AFD
2B Intermediate w/HEPA w/AFD
3B Advanced w/AFD
The visual classification of dust in the apartments was also compared to the ranking for each
apartment. There was general agreement between the visual observations and the analytical
results in that five of the six units that were classified as having significant dust accumulation
ranked in the top six places. This indicates that visual observations of dust is an indicator that
contaminants associated with WTC-related dust may be present.
22
Each contaminant per sampling type was ranked based upon the average concentration per unit with the
highest average concentration receiving a rank of 1 and the remaining values continued in ascending order up to 12.
The ranking for each combination was then summed for each unit to determine which unit had the highest overall
concentration of contaminants. The sum of the rankings for each compound per unit indicates that 5C contained the
highest concentrations of contaminants prior to cleaning. Note that the lower the sum of ranks, the higher the
concentration of total contaminants.
Unit 4B is not included in the list of rankings because there were no lead micro vacuum samples collected in this
unit. As a point of reference, the sum of the ranks for 4B for the asbestos, lead, and MMVF wipe samples totals 27.
This indicates that this unit would have placed in the bottom-tier of the rankings.
23
In units where personal belongings were retained, the items were cleaned and bagged, simulating a
situation where no belongings were present.
107
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2.
The study found that the observation of WTC dust
is an indicator that WTC contaminants may be present
and that the amount of WTC dust correlates with
the level of contamination.
5.3 Location of Units
Based upon the visual observations of dust and the ranking of individual apartments for pre-
cleaning analytical results, it was noted that the apartments facing the WTC site corresponded
with a higher average level of contamination within the unit for lead, asbestos and MMVF.
Specifically, the units facing Liberty Street (units with C and D designations) which were in the
direct path of the WTC collapse generally showed the greatest degree of contamination. This
indicates that buildings, or portions of buildings, that had significant amounts of dust deposited
from the WTC site may have had a greater amount of contamination than buildings that did not
have significant amounts of dust deposited.
3.
The study found that the portions of the building with
higher levels of deposited WTC dust had higher levels of
contamination.
5.4 Comparison to Health-Based Benchmarks
The pre-cleaning analytical results for all of the data sets listed above were also evaluated to
determine if the concentration of contaminants in the dust were elevated above health-based
benchmarks. For this evaluation, the health-based benchmarks presented in Table 1.0 were used
for comparison to the pre-cleaning and post-cleaning sampling results. Based on pre-cleaning
data, there were ten residential units and five commercial units that exceeded a health-based
benchmark for either lead, dioxin, PAH, or some combination of the three compounds. Based on
post-cleaning data, an additional three residential units and one common area exceeded a health-
based benchmark for either asbestos, lead, MMVF, or alpha-quartz, or a combination of these
compounds.
Cumulatively, nineteen sites inside the building or 76 percent exceeded a health-based
benchmark for one or more contaminants associated with the WTC collapse. This indicates that
some contaminant concentrations exceeded health-based benchmarks.
4.
The study found that concentrations of some contaminants
in the WTC dust were elevated above health-based
benchmarks.
108
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5.5 Cleaning Effectiveness
Cleaning effectiveness was determined using two endpoints. One endpoint was the reduction in
contaminant concentration between the pre-cleaning and post-cleaning event concentrations in
each unit. The other endpoint was the ability to meet health-based benchmarks. The evaluation
of both endpoints proved that cleaning indoor environments using standard cleaning techniques
(vacuuming and wet wiping techniques) succeeded in reducing contaminant concentrations
below health-based benchmarks. This is evidenced by the fact that all residential units,
commercial units, and common areas had marked reductions in contaminant concentrations
between cleaning events. In addition, all of the residential units, commercial units, and common
areas exhibited concentrations that were below health-based benchmarks at the conclusion of the
study.
The comparison of pre-cleaning and post-first cleaning concentrations for asbestos wipe and air
samples, lead wipe and micro vacuum samples, MMVF wipe samples, and asbestos air samples
from post-second and third cleaning events is presented in Table 11.1. This table shows the
average concentration of the pre-cleaning samples in comparison with post-cleaning events, with
the difference presented in the last column on the right. Exceedances of COPC by cleaning event
are presented in Table 11.2. Note: Due to the quantity of information presented, Table 11.1 and
Table 11.2 are presented at the conclusion of this discussion.
The aggregate removal efficiencies for the nine apartments that were identified as being the most
heavily contaminated, based on pre-cleaning results, are presented in Figure 1.0. This figure
shows that with the exception of two apartments, there was a net decrease for each contaminant
regardless of sampling media or test methods. Asbestos wipe samples for one apartment and
MMVF wipe samples for another apartment were the two exceptions. The reason for this is
unknown.
As indicated in Section 2.4, a total of eleven cleaning methods were tested in the study. These
eleven methods were distributed among 25 spaces, although one of the methods, 4A, was used in
all of the common spaces and commercial spaces. Because the different test methods that were
evaluated were similar in nature, and the number of apartments that were available for testing the
methods was limited, all of the test methods were identified as being able to reduce contaminant
concentrations and no specific test method was identified as being more effective. Therefore, the
central theme of these methods, specifically vacuuming and using wet wiping techniques, was
demonstrated to be effective for reducing contaminant concentrations.
5.
The study demonstrated that use of a standard cleaning
method of vacuuming and wet wiping significantly reduced
levels of WTC-related contamination with each cleaning
event and was successful in reducing concentrations to
levels below health-based benchmarks.
109
-------
Aggregate of Removal Efficiencies
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-------
5.6 Multiple Cleaning Events
The results indicate that meeting health-based benchmarks is achievable using the methods
identified above, although they also indicate that multiple cleaning events (from one to three
times) may be needed to achieve these benchmarks. The incremental increase in the number of
residential units that met the health-based benchmarks is presented in Table 12.0. The data
shows that dioxin and PAH met the health-based benchmarks after the first cleaning for each unit
and that the majority of the units (92 percent) met the health-based benchmarks for MMVF and
alpha-quartz after the first cleaning. The number of cleaning events required to meet all of the
health-based benchmarks for each unit are presented in Table 4.0. This table illustrates that
multiple cleaning events may be needed to meet the health-based benchmarks for each
compound.
Table 12.0
Nu in her of I nits Meeting 1 leiill h-ISiised Benchmarks
In Cleaning Kvenl
Compound
Pre-Cleaning
First
Cleaning
Second
Cleaning
Third
Cleaning
Asbestos
N/A24
5/13 (38%)
6/8 (75%)
2/2(100%)
Lead
3/13 (23%)
9/13 (69%)
4/4 (100%)
MMVF
N/A
12/13/ (92%)
0/2 (0%)
2/2 (100%)
Alpha-
quartz
N/A
12/13 (92%)
1/1 (100%)
Dioxin
12/13 (92%)
13/13 (100%)
PAH
10/13 (77%)
13/13 (100%
An analysis was also conducted to examine if the degree of pre-cleaning contamination affected
the number of cleaning events required to meet the health-based benchmarks. Table 13.0 below
presents the results of this analysis. The sum of ranks for each apartment from Table 9.0 were
grouped and the average number of cleaning events for each grouping was calculated. Since
there were no definitive natural breaks in the sum of ranks, three separate groupings were chosen.
One was based on a numeric grouping, in which the sum of ranks were assigned to four groups
(10-19, 20-29, 30-39, and 40 and above).
The results suggest that there is a decreasing trend in the number of cleaning events required.
The second grouping used the mid-point to create two groups (0-23 and 24-48). This grouping
also indicates a decreasing trend in the average number of cleaning events required. The third
grouping divided the data into an equal number of units. Although this grouping suggests a
decreasing trend for most of the groupings, the decreased trend did not continue for the last set of
24N/A signifies that samples were not collected before cleaning.
Ill
-------
data. Overall, it appears that there may be a decreasing trend in the average number of cleaning
events required to meet the clearance criteria based upon the degree of pre-cleaning
contamination.
Table
13.0
Uesideulisil In its lliiil sire More llenvilv (oiilnmiunled (Lower Sum of Usinks)
Required More ( le;iiiiu« Kveuls lo
Achieve the Clesirsmee ('rheriii"
Unit
Observable
Cleaning
Times
Sum of
Numeric
Mid-point
Equal
Number
Dust
Test
Cleaned
Ranks
Grouping
Grouping
Number
Grouping
5C
significant
3A,3A,3B
3
13
5A
minimal
3B,3B
2
18
2.7
2.7
3C
significant
1A.1A.3B
3
18
2.2
3D
significant
1A,1A
2
20
4D
significant
2A,2A
2
22
1.7
4C
significant
1A
1
23
1.6
2B
minimal
3A
1
24
2A
minimal
IB. IB
2
26
1.3
5D
significant
3B
1
34
1.3
1.5
3B
minimal
Scope A
2
34
3A
minimal
2B
1
35
1.7
4A
minimal
2A,2A
2
45
N/A
It should be noted that there were two units in which the test was changed for the third cleaning
event. Unit 3C was cleaned twice using Test 1 A. Test 3B was used for the third cleaning to
achieve the health-based benchmarks. Unit 5C was cleaned twice using Test 3 A. Test 3B was
used for the third cleaning to achieve the health-based benchmarks. It is unclear if the change in
the method, the additional cleaning event, or a combination of the two, was responsible for
meeting the health-based benchmark.
6.
The study found that two to three cleanings were necessary
to reduce contamination levels to below health-based
benchmarks, and that the number of cleanings generally
correlated with the levels of contamination initially found in
the units.
25Using the rankings presented in Table 10.0, a semi-quantitative evaluation was made to determine if there
was a difference in the number of cleaning events needed to meet the clearance criteria based on the measured
concentrations of pre-cleaning contamination. The average number of cleaning events required to meet the clearance
criteria was calculated using several different groupings of the sum of ranks. The first set of calculations used
numeric breakpoints of 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, and >40. This grouping indicates a decreasing trend in the average
number of cleaning events required. The second set of groupings used the mid-point 23.5. This grouping also
indicates a decreasing trend in the average number of cleaning events required. The third grouping divided the data
into an equal number of units. Although this grouping suggests a decreasing trend for most of the groupings, the
decreased trend did not continue for the last set of data. Overall, it appears that there may be a decreasing trend in
the average number of cleaning events required to meet the clearance criteria based upon the degree of pre-cleaning
contamination.
112
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5.7 Sampling Methods
Several types of sampling methods (air, micro vacuum, and wipe samples) were used in this
study to determine the contaminant concentrations before and after cleaning events. An
assessment was made to determine if one of these sampling methods could be used as a
surrogate, which would allow only one type of sample for one compound to be used to assess if
an indoor space required additional cleaning. As the amount of contamination present after a
cleaning event was the most important factor for determining if a surrogate test could be used,
only the post-cleaning data was used for this particular assessment.
The post-cleaning data that was collected indicated that it was necessary to conduct eleven
additional cleaning events (9 second cleaning events and 2 third cleaning events) due to either a
health-based benchmark being exceeded or samples that could not be analyzed. As presented in
Table 14.0, air samples collected for asbestos and analyzed using PCMe accounted for the
majority (82 percent) of the additional cleaning events. These additional cleaning events were
conducted because the filters were overloaded with particulate matter and could not be analyzed.
In comparison:
lead would have resulted in a total of four additional cleaning events (36 percent), although
three were based on wipe samples and one was based on a micro vacuum sample;
MMVF air samples resulted in three additional cleaning events (27 percent);
silica resulted in one additional cleaning even t(nine percent); and
PAH and dioxin wipe samples results in zero additional cleaning events.
This indicates that the testing methodology associated with PCMe asbestos air sampling is very
sensitive to particulate matter and that an indoor environment needs to be relatively clean of
particulate matter to achieve valid PCMe results. Based on the compounds and testing methods
chosen, the data suggests that using asbestos air samples as an indicator for additional cleaning is
the most sensitive of the testing methods, as it results in the largest percentage of additional
cleaning events. In addition, it is conservative in nature because the asbestos air sampling with
PCMe analysis may indicate that additional cleaning events need to be conducted even if no
contamination is present above health-based benchmarks, simply because of excess particulate
matter. For example, there were five instances where the sampling results for the other
compounds indicated that the unit met the health-based benchmarks, which would indicate that
no additional cleaning was necessary; however, because the asbestos air samples could not be
analyzed due to the filters being overloaded with particulate material, the unit was cleaned again.
113
-------
Table 14.0
Nu in her of Additional (le;inin» Kvenls Required bused on Sampling .Method"''
Compound
Sampling Method(s)
Number of Additional
Cleaning Events
Percentage
Total
Air. Micro vacuum and Wipe
11
100%
Asbestos
Air via PCMe
9
82%
Lead
Wipe
3
27%
Lead
Micro vacuum
i
9%
MMVF
Air
3
27%
Silica
Air
i
9%
PAH
Wipe
0
0%
Dioxin
Wipe
0
0%
Table 14.0 indicates the number of additional cleaning events that were required based on the
results from the post-cleaning event samples for the residential units by compound and
sampling method. The data indicates that using asbestos air sampling with PCMe analysis
accounted for the most number of additional cleaning events. Overall, the data suggest that the
use of asbestos air sampling as a surrogate testing method is generally a conservative
methodology to use to determine if further cleaning is warranted.
7.
The study found that conducting asbestos in air
sampling after cleaning could be used as a surrogate
method for determining if future cleaning was needed.
26The percentages listed in the right-hand column sum to greater than 100% because several of the units had
more than one compound above a health-based benchmark after a cleaning event.
114
-------
5.8 Air Disturbance
The asbestos air samples were collected using two types of air disturbance prior to sampling.
Either an aggressive technique, using a leaf blower and oscillating fans to disturb the air, or a
modified-aggressive technique, using only oscillating fans to disturb the air was used. In several
instances both methods were used in the same apartment to evaluate if there was a difference in
the analytical results. Both the aggressive and modified-aggressive techniques are expected to
create air disturbance over an eight-hour sampling period that represents either a worst-case or
high-end (respectively) air movement in an indoor environment, which would provide a
conservative estimate of the airborne asbestos concentration.
Table l.\0
Comparison of Airborne Asbestos Samples Collected I sing Modi lied-Aggressive and
Aggressive Air Disturbance Methods"
Mtxlil led-.
l^'/vwYi' Air DislHrbuiiiv
¦¦IjsJs rewive
Air Disturbance
I nil
Sample II)
I Result
| I nils
Sample II)
Result
I nils
:.\
iju'M- \-2 \-25
9094-A-2A-2O
0 oo()4
0.0004
S 5u cc
S- 5|J, cc
>jo>u- \_: \_:s
9094-A-2A-29
o 0005
. 0.0005
S 5u cc
S- 5|j,cc
9094-A-2A-27
9094-A-3B-39
0.0004
< 0.0005
S> 5|j/cc
S> 5|j/cc
9094-A-2A-30
< 0.0005
S> 5|j/cc
3B
9094-A-3B-40
9094-A-3B-41
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
S> 5|j/cc
S> 5|i/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-32
9094-A-3C-33
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
S> 5|j/cc
S> 5|j/cc
9094A-3C-35
9094-A-3C-36
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
S> 5|j/cc
S> 5|j/cc
3D
9094-A-3C-34
9094-A-3D-23
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
S> 5|j/cc
S> 5|i/cc
9094-A-3C-37
90-94-A-3D-33
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
S> 5|j/cc
S> 5|j/cc
5C
9094-A-3D-24
9094-A-5C-3 1
< 0.0005
0.0004
S> 5|j/cc
S> 5|j/cc
9094-A-3D-34
9094-A-5C-33
< 0.0005
0.0016
S> 5|j/cc
S> 5|i/cc
9094-A-5C-32
< 0.004
S> 5|j/cc
9094-A-5C-34
0.0015
S> 5|j/cc
Number Below
Deteetion Limit
9/13
8/10
Percent Below
Detection Limit
69.2%
80.0%
Average
0.00045
0.00071
In apartments where both methods were used, the modified-aggressive technique was used first
and air samples were collected. Several days later, the aggressive technique was used and
additional air samples were collected with no cleaning events occurring between sampling events.
27 Samples below the detection limit were assigned a value equal to the detection limit. Comparison of
asbestos air samples that were collected using modified-aggressive and aggressive air disturbance. The samples
collected using modified-aggressive air disturbance (i.e., box fans) were collected several days prior to the samples
collected using aggressive air disturbance (i.e., leaf blower and box fans). The comparison does not show any
trends, as the percentage of samples below the detection limit was higher for the aggressive air disturbance while the
average asbestos concentration was nominally lower for the modified-aggressive air disturbance.
115
-------
As shown in Table 15.0, the comparison of these results suggest that no conclusive difference
could be observed.
Overall, the samples collected using the aggressive technique had a slightly higher percentage of
samples below the detection limit (80 percent vs. 69 percent) than the samples collected with the
modified-aggressive technique, while the samples collected using the modified-aggressive
technique had a lower average concentration (0.00045 S/cc) than the samples collected using the
aggressive technique (0.00071 S/cc).
8.
The study did not find a measurable difference in the use
of modified or aggressive air disturbance technique.
5.9 Filter Overloading
As mentioned above, there were many instances where the filters from the asbestos air samples
were overloaded with particulate material and could not be analyzed, which resulted in invalid
asbestos air results and required additional cleaning events. During the study, the use of an air
filtration device was added to the cleaning method for the third cleaning in an attempt to reduce
the airborne particulate matter as both previous air sampling events resulted in overloaded filters.
This occurred twice. In both cases, there was no overloading of the filters and valid asbestos air
results were received. This prompted an evaluation to determine if there was a noticeable
reduction in overloading filters with particulate matter when an AFD was used during the
cleaning event. The data for all of the units in the building were used to see if there was a
difference in the percentage of units with at least one overloaded filter when an AFD was used.
Table 16.0 presents a comparison of the percentage of units, including residential, common
spaces, and commercial spaces, with asbestos air samples that could not be analyzed due to the
filter being overloaded with particulate matter, and indicates whether or not an AFD was used.
The data suggest that using an AFD during cleaning may offer a slight advantage for reducing the
potential for overloading a filter with particulate matter.
9.
The study found that the use of an Air Filtration Device
during cleaning offered a slight advantage to reducing
the potential for filter overloading.
116
-------
TabU
/ 6.0
The I so of ;iii Air l-'illriilion Device Reduces the Occurrence of
Ovcrloiulctl Air Sample I'illers
AFD ( sed
\ umber of I nils with or without
Number of Units with
Percentage of Units
AFDs for the First cleaning
One or More Overloads
with Overloads
Yes
18
1
38.9%
No
7
4
57.1%
AFD Used
Number of Units with or without AFDs
Number of Units with at
Percentage of Units with
for the Second Cleaning
Least One Overload
Overloads
Yes
5
0
0.05
No
5
2
40.0%
AFD Used
Number of Units with or without AFDs
Number of units w/at Least
Percentage of Units with
for the Third Cleaning
One Overload
Overloads
Yes
2
0
0.0%
No
0
0
N/A
5.10 HVAC System
The HVAC system was cleaned in two of the commercial units. The system was cleaned by
professionals using equipment and techniques common to the industry that included HEPA-
filtered vacuums, air whips, air washing and soap and water washes. Wipe samples were
collected prior to cleaning and after cleaning for comparison. The results indicate that overall
there was a reduction of an order of magnitude for the compounds which were detected. In The
3 3
Food Exchange, lead was reduced from 1,310 |ig/m to 159 |ig/m (average), MMVF was
2 2
reduced from 11,732 S/cm to<57.3 S/cm . In the Lemongrass Grill, there was a reduction in
3 3
lead concentrations from 10,700 |lg/m to 95,95 |ig/m (average). This indicates that standard
HVAC cleaning methods and equipment reduced the concentrations of WTC-related
contaminants by an order of magnitude.
10.
The study found that standard HVAC cleaning methods
reduced the concentrations of WTC-related
contaminants.
117
-------
5.11 Observations
5.11.1 Review of Personal Monitoring Data
In addition to evaluating the efficiency of various cleaning methods, the study assessed the
potential for exposure to workers during the actual cleaning procedures. This was accomplished
through the collection of personal monitoring data (approximately 500 samples) while cleaning
was taking place. These samples, which measured airborne levels of asbestos, lead and silica,
provide insight, although limited by the scope of the pilot program, into the potential exposures
incurred by residents during cleaning activities.
All air samples (103) that were analyzed by phase contrast microscopy (PCM) were below the
Occupational Health and Safety Administration's (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for
asbestos of 0.1 f/cc. The PEL represents a time-weighted average over a 40 hour work week, and
is intended to protect workers from adverse health effects. Although PCM analysis is the
required analytical procedure for compliance with OSHA PEL for asbestos, EPA conducted an
additional analysis of samples using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for all samples that
were greater than 1/10 the OSHA PEL (64 samples). This follow up analysis by the more
powerful transmission electron microscope determined that very little of the fibrous material
identified by PCM was actually asbestos. PCM cannot distinguish asbestos from other non-
asbestos fibers (e.g., fibrous glass), whereas TEM has that ability.
"3
Personal air monitoring results (44 samples) for lead were all below the OSHA PEL of 50 |ig/m .
The PEL represents a time-weighted average over a 40 hour work week, and is intended to
"3
protect workers from adverse health effects. No individual sample exceeded 1 |ig/m .
Personal air monitoring results (97 samples) for crystalline silica (quartz) were, with one
"3
exception, below the OSHA PEL of 100 |ig/m . The PEL represents a time-weighted average
over a 40 hour work week, and is intended to protect workers from adverse health effects. The
"3
quartz concentration in the sample that exceeded the PEL was 108 |ig/m . Only 19 of the 96
"3
samples were above the approximate detection limit of 5 |ig/m .
Asbestos, lead and crystalline silica (quartz) are substances that have been identified as WTC
contaminants of potential concern in the indoor environment. The personal monitoring data
obtained during the study, within the range of contamination found in the building's apartments,
that the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., respirator, gloves) during cleaning activities
(vacuuming, wet wiping) was not necessary.
5.11.2 Final Observations
EPA's position remains that individuals concerned about the presence of WTC-related dust
should use HEPA vacuums and wet wiping to remove the dust from their dwelling spaces.
Depending on the amount of dust deposited, repeated cleanings may be necessary.
118
-------
5.12 Complexities
The interpretation of results from this study is complicated by several factors. This was a non-
controlled, field study. The WTC dust material is not homogeneous; in EPA's ambient WTC
settled dust bulk sampling only 35 percent of the samples contained greater than one percent
asbestos. The number of completely or partially uncleaned buildings available and willing to
participate in the study was very limited. Thus, in the selected building, units varied in the
amount of baseline contamination, and results of baseline testing were not available prior to the
assignment and initiation of the first set of cleaning protocols. Therefore, some cleaning
methods (Scope A, IB and 2B) were only tested on units with lower levels of contamination.
Therefore, it is difficult to draw conclusions about the ability of these methods to remove heavy
contamination. It was not possible to make every comparison between methods and the level of
contamination. In addition, a large number of cleaning methods were tested, given the number of
units available for pilot cleaning. This limited the number of times each method could be tested,
and makes the overall results more susceptible to fluctuations due to extreme data points that
may represent rare, unusual conditions. Variation in the types of sampling conducted pre- and
post-cleaning events make it difficult to compare certain indices of contamination to different
cleaning methods.
119
-------
6. Summary
This complex study was able to identify a cleaning method that is able to reduce levels of the
multiple contaminants that are associated with WTC-related dust and able to reduce those
contaminants below health-based benchmarks. The specific cleaning method includes
vacuuming porous and hard surfaces and wet wiping hard surfaces. The results also indicate that
the cleaning method may need to be repeated several times, especially in heavily impacted
apartments, to bring concentrations below health-based benchmarks. In addition, the results from
this study indicate that using asbestos air sampling to determine if additional cleaning is
necessary is an approach that should generally determine if an area has been cleaned effectively.
The data also indicates that buildings that had significant amounts of WTC-related dust are likely
to have had more contamination than those buildings that did not have significant amounts of
dust deposited.
In conclusion, this study shows that while there were impacts to the indoor environment in this
building from the collapse of the WTC, these types of impacts can be mitigated if the cleaning
method identified is followed, perhaps several times, and should result in an indoor environment
that is similar to those found prior to the collapse.
120
-------
Table 11.1
Comparison of Cleaning Results by Cleaning Event
-------
Tu hie I I.I
P(MI! Asbestos Aii' Samples - Pre 2nd ( le:iniiii>. Post 2nd ( le;inin<>. ;ind Post 3rd ( leiinini* Results
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaning Type
Result
Units
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaning Type
Sign
Result
Units
Difference
2A-2nd
9094-A-2A-010
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
2A
9094-A-2A-028
Test 1B - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
2A-2nd
9094-A-2A-011
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
2A
9094-A-2A-029
Test 1B - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
2A-2nd
9094-A-2A-012
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
2A
9094-A-2A-030
Test 1B - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
2A
Test 1B - Post 2nd cleaning
Ik
I est 1B - Post 2nd cleaning
Average Average 0.000500
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-011
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3B
9094-A-3B-039
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-012
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3B
9094-A-3B-040
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-013
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3B
9094-A-3B-041
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-026
Pre 2nd cleaning
<
0.000900
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-027
Pre 2nd cleaning
0.001100
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-028
Pre 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-029
Pre 2nd cleaning
0.000500
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-030
Pre 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-031
Pre 2nd cleaning
0.001500
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-032
Pre 2nd cleaning
0.001100
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-033
Pre 2nd cleaning
0.000900
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-034
Pre 2nd cleaning
<
0.000500
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-035
Pre 2nd cleaning
0.001000
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B-2nd
9094-A-3B-036
Pre 2nd cleaning
<
0.000900
S>5u/cc
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
3B
Scope A - Post 2nd cleaning
Average 0.000855 Average 0.000500
3C-2nd
9094-A-3C-009
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-025
Test 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3C-2nd
9094-A-3C-010
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-026
Test 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3C-2nd
9094-A-3C-011
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-027
Test 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-028
Test 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-029
I est 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
Average Average
3C-3rd
9094-A-3C-025
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 1A
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-032
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
3C-3rd
9094-A-3C-026
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 1A
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-033
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
3C-3rd
9094-A-3C-027
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 1A
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-034
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
3C-3rd
9094-A-3C-028
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 1A
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-035
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
3C-3rd
9094-A-3C-029
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 1A
overload
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-036
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
3C
9094-A-3C-037
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Average Average 0.000500
3D-2nd
9094-A-3D-008
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3D
9094-A-3D-023
Test 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
3D-2nd
9094-A-3D-009
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3D
9094-A-3D-024
Test 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.0004
S>5u/cc
3D-2nd
9094-A-3D-010
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
3D
9094-A-3D-025
Test 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
3D
9094-A-3D-026
I est 1A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Average Average 0.000475
4A-2nd
9094-A-4A-008
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
4A
9094-A-4A-023
Test 2A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
4A-2nd
9094-A-4A-009
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
4A
9094-A-4A-024
Test 2A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.0008
S>5u/cc
4A-2nd
9094-A-4A-010
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
4A
9094-A-4A-025
I est 2A - Post 2nd cleaning
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
Average Average 0.000867
5C-2nd |9094-A-5C-009 | Pre 2nd cleaning | | overload |S>5u/cc | 5C |9094-A-5C-024 | Test 3A - Post 2nd cleaning | | overload |S>5u/cc |
-------
lablc 11. /
PCMK Ashcslos Air
Siimplcs - Pre
2nd ( Iciiniiii*. I'osl 2nd ( lc;inin<>. ;ind Posl 3rd ( lennini* Kcsulls
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaning Type
Result
Units
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaning Type
Sign
Result
Units
Difference
5C-2nd
9094-A-5C-010
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
9094-A-5C-025
Test 3A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
5C-2nd
9094-A-5C-011
Pre 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
9094-A-5C-026
Test 3A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
9094-A-5C-027
Test 3A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
9094-A-5C-028
Test 3A - Post 2nd cleaning
overload
S>5u/cc
Average
Average
5C-3rd
9094-A-5C-024
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 3A
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
9094-A-5C-031
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
0.0004
S>5u/cc
5C-3rd
9094-A-5C-025
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 3A
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
9094-A-5C-032
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
<
0.0004
S>5u/cc
5C-3rd
9094-A-5C-026
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 3A
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
9094-A-5C-033
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
0.0016
S>5u/cc
5C-3rd
9094-A-5C-027
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 3A
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
9094-A-5C-034
Test 3B - Post 3rd cleaning
0.0015
S>5u/cc
5C-3rd
9094-A-5C-028
Post 2nd cleaning - I est 3A
overload
S>5u/cc
5C
Average
Average
0.000975
-------
Table I LI
Lend W ipe Samples - lid'ore ( Icnnini* ;iml Posl Isl ( Icnnini* Results
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaninq Type
.Siqn.
Result
Units
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaninq Type
Result
Units
. Difference
2A
9094-W-2A-002
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
2A
9094-W-2A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
2A
9094-W-2A-003
Before cleaning
49.40
ug/ft2
2A
9094-W-2A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
11.30
ug/ft2
2A
9094-W-2A-004
Before cleaning
35.40
ug/ft2
2A
9094-W-2A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
2A
9094-W-2A-005
Before cleaning
44.60
ug/ft2
2A
9094-W-2A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Average 33.51 Average 6.31 27
2B
9094-W-2B-002
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
2B
9094-W-2B-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
4.65
ug/ft2
2B
9094-W-2B-003
Before cleaning
97.00
ug/ft2
2B
9094-W-2B-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
9.90
ug/ft2
2B
9094-W-2B-004
Before cleaning
17.50
ug/ft2
2B
9094-W-2B-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
18.70
ug/ft2
2B
9094-W-2B-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
7.41
ug/ft2
Average 39.72 Average 10.17 30
3A
9094-W-3A-002
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3A
9094-W-3A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3A
9094-W-3A-003
Before cleaning
38.90
ug/ft2
3A
9094-W-3A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
10.50
ug/ft2
3A
9094-W-3A-004
Before cleaning
12.00
ug/ft2
3A
9094-W-3A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
9.29
ug/ft2
3A
9094-W-3A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Average 18.52 Average 7.27 11
3B
9094-W-3B-002
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3B
9094-W-3B-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3B
9094-W-3B-003
Before cleaning
11.50
ug/ft2
3B
9094-W-3B-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
51.60
ug/ft2
3B
9094-W-3B-004
Before cleaning
9.65
ug/ft2
3B
9094-W-3B-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
10.90
ug/ft2
3B
9094-W-3B-005
Before cleaning
LOST
ug/ft2
3B
9094-W-3B-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
7.27
ug/ft2
Average 8.60 Average 18.61 -10
3C
9094-W-3C-002
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3C
9094-W-3C-017
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
5.02
ug/ft2
3C
9094-W-3C-003
Before cleaning
750.00
ug/ft2
3C
9094-W-3C-018
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
8.03
ug/ft2
3C
9094-W-3C-004
Before cleaning
48.70
ug/ft2
3C
9094-W-3C-019
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
6.01
ug/ft2
3C
9094-W-3C-020
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Average 267.78 Average 5.93 262
3D
9094-W-3D-002
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3D
9094-W-3D-016
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
8.22
ug/ft2
3D
9094-W-3D-003
Before cleaning
201.00
ug/ft2
3D
9094-W-3D-017
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
9.80
ug/ft2
3D
9094-W-3D-004
Before cleaning
112.00
ug/ft2
3D
9094-W-3D-018
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3D
9094-W-3D-005
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3D
9094-W-3D-019
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Average 80.58 Average 6.83 74
4A
9094-W-4A-002
Before cleaning
5.66
ug/ft2
4A
9094-W-4A-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4A
9094-W-4A-003
Before cleaning
21.50
ug/ft2
4A
9094-W-4A-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
10.70
ug/ft2
4A
9094-W-4A-004
Before cleaning
9.41
ug/ft2
4A
9094-W-4A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4A
9094-W-4A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Average 12.19 Average 6.16 6
4B |9094-W-4B-002 | Before cleaning | < | 4.65|ug/ft2 | 4B |9094-W-4B-014 | Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B | < | 4.65|ug/ft2 |
-------
Table I LI
Lend W ipe Samples - lid'ore ( Icnnini* ;iml Posl Isl ( Icnnini* Results
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaninq Type
.Siqn.
Result
Units
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaninq Type
Result
Units
. Difference
4B
9094-W-4B-003
Before cleaning
50.00
ug/ft2
4B
9094-W-4B-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
6.68
ug/ft2
4B
9094-W-4B-004
Before cleaning
14.00
ug/ft2
4B
9094-W-4B-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4B
9094-W-4B-005
Before cleaning
30.00
ug/ft2
4B
9094-W-4B-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4B
Average 24.66 Average 5.16 20
4C
9094-W-4C-002
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4C
9094-W-4C-019
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
LOST
ug/ft2
4C
9094-W-4C-003
Before cleaning
181.00
ug/ft2
4C
9094-W-4C-020
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
14.90
ug/ft2
(Validation = R).
(Validation = R).
(Validation = R).
4C
9094-W-4C-004
Before cleaning
77.50
ug/ft2
4C
9094-W-4C-021
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
8.28
ug/ft2
4C
9094-W-4C-022
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
7.81
ug/ft2
Average 87.72 Average 10.33 77
4D
9094-W-4D-002
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4D
9094-W-4D-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
20.40
ug/ft2
(Validation = R).
4D
9094-W-4D-003
Before cleaning
169.00
ug/ft2
4D
9094-W-4D-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
66.00
ug/ft2
(Validation = R).
4D
9094-W-4D-004
Before cleaning
17.40
ug/ft2
4D
9094-W-4D-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
10.60
ug/ft2
(Validation = R).
4D
9094-W-4D-005
Before cleaning
17.10
ug/ft2
4D
9094-W-4D-023
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
15.60
ug/ft2
(Validation = R).
Average 52.04 Average 28.15 24
5A
9094-W-5A-002
Before cleaning
4.79
ug/ft2
5A
9094-W-5A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
5A
9094-W-5A-003
Before cleaning
191.00
ug/ft2
5A
9094-W-5A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
43.50
ug/ft2
5A
9094-W-5A-004
Before cleaning
2000.00
ug/ft2
5A
9094-W-5A-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
10.50
ug/ft2
5A
9094-W-5A-023
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
39.70
ug/ft2
Average 731.93 Average 24.59 707
5C
9094-W-5C-002
Before cleaning
6.95
ug/ft2
5C
9094-W-5C-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
Broken
ug/m2
5C
9094-W-5C-003
Before cleaning
336.00
ug/ft2
5C
9094-W-5C-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
10.30
ug/ft2
5C
9094-W-5C-004
Before cleaning
43.60
ug/ft2
5C
9094-W-5C-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
7.69
ug/ft2
5C
9094-W-5C-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
6.86
ug/ft2
Average 128.85 Average 8.28 121
5D
9094-W-5D-002
Before cleaning
7.35
ug/ft2
5D
9094-W-5D-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
5D
9094-W-5D-003
Before cleaning
4.68
ug/ft2
5D
9094-W-5D-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
12.80
ug/ft2
5D
9094-W-5D-004
Before cleaning
25.30
ug/ft2
5D
9094-W-5D-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
5D
9094-W-5D-005
Before cleaning
32.10
ug/ft2
5D
9094-W-5D-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Average 17.36 Average 6.69 11
-------
Table I LI
Lend Micro Yncuuni Siunples - liefore ( Icnnini* unci Post Isl ( lc;inin<* Results
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaninq Type
.Siqn.
Result
Units
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaninq Type
Result
Units
. Difference
2A
9094-M-2A-006
Before cleaning
4.03
ug/ft2
2A
9094-M-2A-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
<
2.32
ug/ft2
2A
9094-M-2A-007
Before cleaning
14.40
ug/ft2
2A
9094-M-2A-023
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
<
2.32
ug/ft2
2A
9094-M-2A-008
Before cleaning
3.89
ug/ft2
2A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
2A
9094-M-2A-009
Before cleaning
<
2.32
ug/ft2
Average 6.16 Average 2.32 4
2B
9094-M-2B-005
Before cleaning
<
2.32
ug/ft2
2B
9094-M-2B-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
2B
9094-M-2B-006
Before cleaning
4.54
ug/ft2
2B
9094-M-2B-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
2B
9094-M-2B-007
Before cleaning
<
2.32
ug/ft2
2B
9094-M-2B-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
2B
9094-M-2B-023
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
Average 3.06 Average 2.32 1
3A
9094-M-3A-006
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3A
9094-M-3A-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
4.85
ug/ft2
3A
9094-M-3A-007
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3A
9094-M-3A-023
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
2.32
ug/ft2
3A
9094-M-3A-008
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3A
9094-M-3A-024
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
4.39
ug/ft2
3A
9094-M-3A-009
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3A
9094-M-3A-025
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
2.32
ug/ft2
Average 4.65 Average 3.47 1
3B
9094-M-3B-006
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3B
9094-M-3B-023
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
3B
9094-M-3B-007
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3B
9094-M-3B-024
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
3B
9094-M-3B-008
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3B
9094-M-3B-025
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
Average 4.65 Average 2.32 2
3C
9094-M-3C-005
Before cleaning
68.40
ug/ft2
3C
9094-M-3C-021
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
6.32
ug/ft2
3C
9094-M-3C-006
Before cleaning
135.00
ug/ft2
3C
9094-M-3C-022
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
9.66
ug/ft2
3C
9094-M-3C-007
Before cleaning
43.30
ug/ft2
3C
9094-M-3C-023
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
26.90
ug/ft2
3C
9094-M-3C-008
Before cleaning
39.40
ug/ft2
3C
9094-M-3C-024
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
6.47
ug/ft2
3C
Post 1st cleaning - lest 1A
Average 71.53 Average 12.34 59
3D
9094-M-3D-005
Before cleaning
50.70
ug/ft2
3D
9094-M-3D-020
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
3D
9094-M-3D-006
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3D
9094-M-3D-021
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
5.71
ug/ft2
(Validation = R).
3D
9094-M-3D-007
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
3D
9094-M-3D-022
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
Average 20.00 Average 3.45 17
4A
9094-M-4A-005
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4A
9094-M-4A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4A
9094-M-4A-006
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4A
9094-M-4A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4A
9094-M-4A-007
Before cleaning
<
4.65
ug/ft2
4A
9094-M-4A-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
2.58
ug/ft2
Average 4.65 Average 2.41 2
4B | | Before cleaning | | | | 4B | | Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B | | | |
-------
Table I LI
Lend Micro Yncuuni Siunples - liefore ( Icnnini* unci Post Isl ( lc;inin<* Results
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaninq Type
.Siqn.
Result
Units
Unit Number
Sample Id
Cleaninq Type
Result
Units
. Difference
4B
Before cleaning
4B
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
4B
Before cleaning
4B
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
4B
Before cleaning
4B
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
4B
Before cleaning
4B
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
Average none Average none
4C
9094-M-4C-005
Before cleaning
76.10
ug/ft2
4C
9094-M-4C-023
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4C
9094-M-4C-006
Before cleaning
83.70
ug/ft2
4C
9094-M-4C-024
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4C
9094-M-4C-007
Before cleaning
69.80
ug/ft2
4C
9094-M-4C-025
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4C
9094-M-4C-008
Before cleaning
70.80
ug/ft2
Average 75.10 Average 2.32 73
4D
9094-M-4D-006
Before cleaning
83.50
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-024
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
2.40
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-007
Before cleaning
66.00
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-025
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-008
Before cleaning
26.20
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-026
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-009
Before cleaning
39.90
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-027
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-010
Before cleaning
78.20
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-028
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-011
Before cleaning
72.10
ug/ft2
4D
9094-M-4D-029
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
Average 60.98 Average 2.33 59
5A
9094-M-5A-005
Before cleaning
<
2.23
ug/ft2
5A
9094-M-5A-024
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
2.60
ug/ft2
G.F. AA
5A
9094-M-5A-006
Before cleaning
<
2.23
ug/ft2
5A
9094-M-5A-025
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
4.15
ug/ft2
G.F. AA
5A
9094-M-5A-007
Before cleaning
<
2.23
ug/ft2
5A
9094-M-5A-026
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
2.60
ug/ft2
G.F. AA
5A
9094-M-5A-008
Before cleaning
<
2.23
ug/ft2
5A
9094-M-5A-027
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
0.78
ug/ft2
G.F. AA
5A
9094-M-5A-009
Before cleaning
<
2.23
ug/ft2
5A
9094-M-5A-028
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
0.98
ug/ft2
G.F. AA
5A
9094-M-5A-010
Before cleaning
3.46
ug/ft2
5A
9094-M-5A-029
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
1.02
ug/ft2
G.F. AA
9094-M-5A-011
<
2.23
ug/ft2
bA
9094-M-5A-030
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3B
5.27
ug/ft2
G.F. AA
Average 2.44 Average 2.49 0
5C
9094-M-5C-005
Before cleaning
104.00
ug/ft2
5C
9094-M-5C-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
5C
9094-M-5C-006
Before cleaning
293.00
ug/ft2
5C
9094-M-5C-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
5C
9094-M-5C-007
Before cleaning
133.00
ug/ft2
5C
9094-M-5C-023
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2.32
ug/ft2
Average 176.67 Average 2.32 174
5D
9094-M-5D-006
Before cleaning
27.10
ug/ft2
5D
9094-M-5D-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
2.32
ug/ft2
5D
9094-M-5D-007
Before cleaning
49.10
ug/ft2
5D
9094-M-5D-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
2.32
ug/ft2
Average 38.10 Average 2.32 36
-------
Table I LI
Asheslos W ipe Samples - licl'orc ( Icnnini* unci Posl Isl ( lc;inin<* Results
2A
9094-W-2A-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
<
1,183
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
<
1,183
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-003
Before cleaning
56,192
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
4,397
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-004
Before cleaning
18,945
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
<
2,366
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-00b
Before cleaning
3,166
S/cm2
2A
9094-W-2A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 1B
<
1,183
S/cm2
Average 16,607 Average 2,063 14,544
2B
9094-W-2B-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
2B
9094-W-2B-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
5,916
S/cm2
2B
9094-W-2B-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
2B
9094-W-2B-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
5,916
S/cm2
2B
9094-W-2B-003
Before cleaning
102,096
S/cm2
2B
9094-W-2B-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
5,916
S/cm2
2B
9094-W-2B-004
Before cleaning
5,540
S/cm2
2B
9094-W-2B-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
5,916
S/cm2
2B
9094-W-2B-019
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3A
5,936
S/cm2
Average 28,092 Average 5,920 22,172
3A
9094-W-3A-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
3A
9094-W-3A-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
15,037
S/cm2
3A
9094-W-3A-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
3A
9094-W-3A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
11,832
S/cm2
3A
9094-W-3A-003
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
3A
9094-W-3A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
3,957
S/cm2
3A
9094-W-3A-004
Before cleaning
4,749
S/cm2
3A
9094-W-3A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
3,166
S/cm2
3A
9094-W-3A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2B
<
2,366
S/cm2
Average 2,962 Average 7,272 -4,310
3B
9094-W-3B-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
3B
9094-W-3B-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
742
S/cm2
3B
9094-W-3B-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
3B
9094-W-3B-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
<
740
S/cm2
3B
9094-W-3B-003
Before cleaning
3,166
S/cm2
3B
9094-W-3B-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
4,699
S/cm2
3B
9094-W-3B-004
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
3B
9094-W-3B-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
3,957
S/cm2
3B
5054-W-3B-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
2,473
S/cm2
Average 2,566 Average 2,522 44
3C
9094-W-3C-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
3C
9094-W-3C-016
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2,366
S/cm2
3C
9094-W-3C-002
Before cleaning
2,374
S/cm2
3C
9094-W-3C-017
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
12,663
S/cm2
3C
9094-W-3C-003
Before cleaning
55,401
S/cm2
3C
9094-W-3C-018
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
77,561
S/cm2
3C
9094-W-3C-004
Before cleaning
75,979
S/cm2
3C
9094-W-3C-019
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2,366
S/cm2
3C
9094-W-3C-020
Post 1st cleaning - lest 1A
13,454
S/cm2
Average 34,030 Average 21,682 12,348
3D
9094-W-3D-001
Before cleaning
4,749
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-015
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
14,246
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-016
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
3,957
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-003
Before cleaning
172,534
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-017
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
10,289
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-004
Before cleaning
118,716
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-018
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
10,289
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-00b
Before cleaning
4,749
S/cm2
3D
9094-W-3D-019
Post 1st cleaning - lest 1A
10,289
S/cm2
Average 60,623 Average 9,814 50,809
4A
9094-W-4A-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4A
9094-W-4A-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
1,979
S/cm2
4A
9094-W-4A-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4A
9094-W-4A-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
1,583
S/cm2
4A
9094-W-4A-003
Before cleaning
2,374
S/cm2
4A
9094-W-4A-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
1,183
S/cm2
4A
9094-W-4A-004
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4A
9094-W-4A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
6,331
S/cm2
4A
9094-W-4A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2A
<
1,183
S/cm2
Average 2,368 Average 2,452 -83
-------
Table I LI
Asheslos W ipe Samples - licl'orc ( Icnnini* unci Posl Isl ( lc;inin<* Results
4B
9094-W-4B-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4B
9094-W-4B-013
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
2,366
S/cm2
4B
9094-W-4B-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4B
9094-W-4B-014
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
2,366
S/cm2
4B
9094-W-4B-003
Before cleaning
18,203
S/cm2
4B
9094-W-4B-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
4,749
S/cm2
4B
9094-W-4B-004
Before cleaning
13,454
S/cm2
4B
9094-W-4B-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
2,366
S/cm2
4B
5054-W-4B-005
Before cleaning
3,166
S/cm2
4B
9094-W-4B-017
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2B
<
2,366
S/cm2
Average 7,911 Average 2,843 5,068
4C
9094-W-4C-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4C
9094-W-4C-018
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2,366
S/cm2
4C
9094-W-4C-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4C
9094-W-4C-019
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2,366
S/cm2
4C
9094-W-4C-003
Before cleaning
49,069
S/cm2
4C
9094-W-4C-020
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
3,166
S/cm2
4C
9094-W-4C-004
Before cleaning
3,166
S/cm2
4C
9094-W-4C-021
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
2,366
S/cm2
4C
9094-W-4C-022
Post 1st cleaning - lest 1A
<
2,366
S/cm2
Average 14,242 Average 2,526 11,716
4D
9094-W-4D-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4D
9094-W-4D-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
2,374
S/cm2
4D
9094-W-4D-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
4D
9094-W-4D-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
2,366
S/cm2
4D
9094-W-4D-003
Before cleaning
34,032
S/cm2
4D
9094-W-4D-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
26,118
S/cm2
4D
9094-W-4D-004
Before cleaning
2,374
S/cm2
4D
9094-W-4D-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
43,529
S/cm2
4D
5054-W-4D-005
Before cleaning
3,166
S/cm2
4D
9094-W-4U-023
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2A
18,995
S/cm2
Average 8,861 Average 18,676 -9,815
5A
9094-W-5A-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
5A
9094-W-5A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
2,366
S/cm2
5A
9094-W-5A-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
5A
9094-W-5A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
2,366
S/cm2
5A
9094-W-5A-003
Before cleaning
233,475
S/cm2
5A
9094-W-5A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
2,366
S/cm2
5A
9094-W-5A-004
Before cleaning
22,952
S/cm2
5A
9094-W-5A-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
2,366
S/cm2
bA
9094-W-5A-023
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3B
<
2,366
S/cm2
Average 65,290 Average 2,366 62,923
5C
9094-W-5C-001
Before cleaning
9,497
S/cm2
5C
9094-W-5C-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
2,374
S/cm2
5C
9094-W-5C-002
Before cleaning
3,166
S/cm2
5C
9094-W-5C-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2,366
S/cm2
5C
9094-W-5C-003
Before cleaning
97,347
S/cm2
5C
9094-W-5C-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
2,366
S/cm2
5C
9094-W-5C-004
Before cleaning
30,075
S/cm2
5C
9094-W-5C-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
3,166
S/cm2
5 C
9U94-W-bC-U2U
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3A
3,166
S/cm2
Average 35,021 Average 2,688 32,333
5D
9094-W-5D-001
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
5D
9094-W-5D-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
5,916
S/cm2
5D
9094-W-5D-002
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
5D
9094-W-5D-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
5,916
S/cm2
5D
9094-W-5D-003
Before cleaning
<
2,366
S/cm2
5D
9094-W-5D-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
5,916
S/cm2
5D
9094-W-5D-004
Before cleaning
4,749
S/cm2
5D
9094-W-5D-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
<
5,916
S/cm2
bU
5054-W-5D-005
Before cleaning
36,406
S/cm2
bU
9094-W-bL)-019
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3B
<
5,916
S/cm2
Average 9,651 Average 5,916 3,735
-------
Table I LI
MM\T W ipe Sniiiplcs - liefore ( Icnnini* unci Posl Isl ( lc;inin<* Results
2A
9094-W-2A-002
Before cleaning
<
57.23
mmvf S/c
2A
9094-W-2A-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
57.23
mmvf S/c
2A
9094-W-2A-003
Before cleaning
629.55
mmvf S/c
2A
9094-W-2A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
114.46
mmvf S/c
2A
9094-W-2A-004
Before cleaning
2117.56
mmvf S/c
2A
9094-W-2A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
171.69
mmvf S/c
2A
9094-W-2A-005
Before cleaning
343.39
mmvf S/c
2A
9094-W-2A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 1B
57.23
mmvf S/c
2A
9094-W-2A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 1B
114.46
mmvf S/c
Average 786.93 Average 103.01 684
2B
9094-W-2B-002
Before cleaning
629.55
mmvf S/c
2B
9094-W-2B-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
<
57.23
mmvf S/c
2B
9094-W-2B-003
Before cleaning
13163.22
mmvf S/c
2B
9094-W-2B-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
114.46
mmvf S/c
2B
9094-W-2B-004
Before cleaning
400.62
mmvf S/c
2B
9094-W-2B-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
228.93
mmvf S/c
2B
9094-W-2B-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
171.69
mmvf S/c
2B
9094-W-2B-019
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3A
171.69
mmvf S/c
Average 4731.13 Average 148.80 4,582
3A
9094-W-3A-002
Before cleaning
57.23
mmvf S/c
3A
9094-W-3A-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
3A
9094-W-3A-003
Before cleaning
801.24
mmvf S/c
3A
9094-W-3A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
3A
9094-W-3A-004
Before cleaning
686.78
mmvf S/c
3A
9094-W-3A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
3A
9094-W-3A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
3A
9094-W-3A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2B
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
Average 515.08 Average 22.89 492
3B
9094-W-3B-002
Before cleaning
744.01
mmvf S/c
3B
9094-W-3B-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
57.23
mmvf S/c
3B
9094-W-3B-003
Before cleaning
2289.26
mmvf S/c
3B
9094-W-3B-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
<
57.23
mmvf S/c
3B
9094-W-3B-004
Before cleaning
744.01
mmvf S/c
3B
9094-W-3B-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
<
57.23
mmvf S/c
3B
9094-W-3B-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
57.23
mmvf S/c
3B
9094-W-3B-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Scope A
<
57.23
mmvf S/c
Average 1259.09 Average 57.23 1,202
3C
9094-W-3C-002
Before cleaning
343.39
mmvf S/c
3C
9094-W-3C-016
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
57.23
mmvf S/c
3C
9094-W-3C-003
Before cleaning
744.01
mmvf S/c
3C
9094-W-3C-017
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
171.69
mmvf S/c
3C
9094-W-3C-004
Before cleaning
343.39
mmvf S/c
3C
9094-W-3C-018
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
400.62
mmvf S/c
3C
9094-W-3C-019
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
114.46
mmvf S/c
3C
9094-W-3C-020
Post 1st cleaning - lest 1A
114.46
mmvf S/c
Average 476.93 Average 171.69 305
3D
9094-W-3D-002
Before cleaning
228.93
mmvf S/c
3D
9094-W-3D-015
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
3D
9094-W-3D-003
Before cleaning
572.31
mmvf S/c
3D
9094-W-3D-016
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
22.89
mmvf S/c
3D
9094-W-3D-004
Before cleaning
1259.09
mmvf S/c
3D
9094-W-3D-017
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
3D
9094-W-3D-005
Before cleaning
343.39
mmvf S/c
3D
9094-W-3D-018
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
3D
9094-W-3D-019
Post 1st cleaning - lest 1A
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
Average 600.93 Average 22.89 578
4A
9094-W-4A-002
Before cleaning
400.62
mmvf S/c
4A
9094-W-4A-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
4A
9094-W-4A-003
Before cleaning
629.55
mmvf S/c
4A
9094-W-4A-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
4A
9094-W-4A-004
Before cleaning
171.69
mmvf S/c
4A
9094-W-4A-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
22.89
mmvf S/c
4A
4A
9094-W-4A-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
4A
9094-W-4A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2A
<
22.89
mmvf S/c
Average 400.62 Average 22.89 378
-------
Table I LI
MM\T W ipe Sniiiplcs - liefore ( Icnnini* unci Posl Isl ( lc;inin<* Results
4B
9094-W-4B-002
Before cleaning
286.16
mmvf S/c
4B
9094-W-4B-013
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
286.16
mmvf S/c
4B
9094-W-4B-003
Before cleaning
629.55
mmvf S/c
4B
9094-W-4B-014
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
228.93
mmvf S/c
4B
9094-W-4B-004
Before cleaning
400.62
mmvf S/c
4B
9094-W-4B-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
400.62
mmvf S/c
4B
9094-W-4B-005
Before cleaning
686.78
mmvf S/c
4B
9094-W-4B-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2B
171.69
mmvf S/c
4B
9094-W-4B-017
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2B
57.23
mmvf S/c
Average 500.78 Average 228.93 272
4C
9094-W-4C-002
Before cleaning
57.23
mmvf S/c
4C
9094-W-4C-018
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
57.23
mmvf S/c
4C
9094-W-4C-003
Before cleaning
1030.17
mmvf S/c
4C
9094-W-4C-019
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
228.93
mmvf S/c
4C
9094-W-4C-004
Before cleaning
343.39
mmvf S/c
4C
9094-W-4C-020
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
343.39
mmvf S/c
4C
9094-W-4C-021
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
114.46
mmvf S/c
4C
9094-W-4C-022
Post 1st cleaning - lest 1A
228.93
mmvf S/c
Average 476.93 Average 194.59 282
4D
9094-W-4D-002
Before cleaning
400.62
mmvf S/c
4D
9094-W-4D-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
57.23
mmvf S/c
4D
9094-W-4D-003
Before cleaning
2174.79
mmvf S/c
4D
9094-W-4D-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
171.69
mmvf S/c
4D
9094-W-4D-004
Before cleaning
286.16
mmvf S/c
4D
9094-W-4D-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
572.31
mmvf S/c
4D
9094-W-4D-005
Before cleaning
457.85
mmvf S/c
4D
9094-W-4D-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 2A
228.93
mmvf S/c
4D
9094-W-4D-023
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 2A
228.93
mmvf S/c
Average 829.86 Average 251.82 578
5A
9094-W-5A-002
Before cleaning
297.60
mmvf S/c
5A
9094-W-5A-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
286.16
mmvf S/c
5A
9094-W-5A-003
Before cleaning
1308.15
mmvf S/c
5A
9094-W-5A-020
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
57.23
mmvf S/c
5A
9094-W-5A-004
Before cleaning
792.45
mmvf S/c
5A
9094-W-5A-021
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
114.46
mmvf S/c
5A
9094-W-5A-022
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
57.23
mmvf S/c
bA
9094-W-5A-023
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3B
114.46
mmvf S/c
Average 799.40 Average 125.91 673
5C
9094-W-5C-002
Before cleaning
457.85
mmvf S/c
5C
9094-W-5C-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
1774.17
mmvf S/c
5C
9094-W-5C-003
Before cleaning
457.85
mmvf S/c
5C
9094-W-5C-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
744.01
mmvf S/c
5C
9094-W-5C-004
Before cleaning
1144.63
mmvf S/c
5C
9094-W-5C-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
4211.37
mmvf S/c
5C
9094-W-5C-019
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3A
2758.14
mmvf S/c
5 C
9094-W-5C-020
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3A
1316.32
mmvf S/c
Average 686.78 Average 2160.80 -1,474
5D
9094-W-5D-002
Before cleaning
251.82
mmvf S/c
5D
9094-W-5D-015
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
171.69
mmvf S/c
5D
9094-W-5D-003
Before cleaning
206.03
mmvf S/c
5D
9094-W-5D-016
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
228.93
mmvf S/c
5D
9094-W-5D-004
Before cleaning
712.21
mmvf S/c
5D
9094-W-5D-017
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
171.69
mmvf S/c
5D
9094-W-5D-005
Before cleaning
595.21
mmvf S/c
5D
9094-W-5D-018
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 3B
114.46
mmvf S/c
bU
9094-W-5D-019
Post 1 st cleaning - I est 3B
228.93
mmvf S/c
Average 441.32 Average 183.14 258
-------
Table 11.2
Exceedances of COPC by Cleaning Event
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsHils of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvonl
Second Moor Ihillwsiv: Test 4A
Cleanup Criteria
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/rr
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Tabic II.
¦>
Conlsiminnnls of Polcnliiil Concern (COPC) Kxcmliincc liv Kvonl
1 'nil 5(
: Tcsl3A.3B
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post-First Cleaning
Post-Second Cleaning
Post-Third Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
303.5
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
0.0016
OL
OL
0.0015
OL
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
336
104
SB
43.6
293
133
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
13.399
16.598
19.25
12.621
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
SB = Sample broken
-------
Table
11.2
Conl;iniin;inls of Polcnlfcil Concern (COPC) Kxcmkincc By
Kvcnl
1 nil 5A:
Test 3B
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post-First Cleaning
Post - Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
191
43.5
2000
39.7
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
LT 0.007
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
LT = Concentration is less than the specified level of detection
-------
Table 11.2
( onliiiiiiiKinls »r Polrnlisil Concern (COPC) Kxcmliincc Hy Kvcnl
I nil 41): 1
csl 2A
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
Post -
Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
325.8
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
169
83.5
0.146 R
20.4 R
66
0.137 R
66 R
26.2
10.6 R
39.9
15.6 R
78.2
72.1
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
R = Result rejected
-------
Table 11.2
( onlniiiiiiniils of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) I
A 000(1:11100 liv I
ACIll
1 nil 4C: 1 est 1A
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleanin
g
Post - First Cleaning
Post
Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
181
76.1
NOT ANALYZED
77.5
83.7
14.9 R
69.8
8.28 R
70.8
7.81 R
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
R = Result rejected
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsHils of Polcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvonl
1 nil All: Test 21}
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
Post - Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
50
30
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
Conlnminnnls of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dniicc Hy Kvonl
I nil 4A: l ost 2A
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post
First Cleaning
Post - Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
0.008
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table
11.2
Conl;iniin;inls of Polcnlfcil Concern (COPC) Kxcmkineo By
r.voni
I nil 31):
Tcsl l \
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post-First Cleaning
Post-Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
201
50.7
0.074 R
5.71 R
112
0.126 R
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
R = Result rejected
-------
Table 11.
¦>
( onl;imin;in(s ol' Potcnlinl Concern (COPC;
Kxcecdiinee IJy Kvenl
I nil 3C:
lest IA. 31}
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post-First Cleaning
Post-Second Cleaning
Post-Third Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
6.2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
1046.6
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
OL
OL
OL
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
750
68.4
26.9
48.7
135
43.3
39.4
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
91.796
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
Conlnminnnls of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxcit(I:hicc Hy Kvonl
I nil 31$: Scope A
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post-First Cleaning
Post-Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
SAMPLE LOST
51.6
SB
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
14.78
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
SB = Sample broken
-------
Table 11.2
('onlsiminnnls »l' Polcnlinl Concern (( ()P( ) Kxcmliincc Hy Kvonl
I nil 3. I nil 3.\: l ost 2IJ
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
38.9
0.116 R
0.131 R
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
R = Result rejected
-------
Table
11.2
C'oiil;iiiiiiimits of PoU'iiliiil C oncern (COPC) r.xm'riiiiicc By KvciiI
I nil 2li:
Tcsl 3A
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post -
First Cleaning
Post - Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
97
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
UD = Uneven distribution of material
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table
11.2
Coiiliiminsinls oT Polonliiil Concern (COPC) Kxm'dniicc Hy Kvonl
I nil 2 \:
Tcsl 11}
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post
First Cleaning
Post - Second Cleaning
Post -
Third Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
49.4
44.6
35.4
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsinls of Potenlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvenl
Msittress Store: lest A (Induslrinl I IK PA littered vncuunis. Al l))
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
LT 2.7
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
38.9
43.9
77
42.2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
11.716
92.184
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
LT = Concentration is less than the specified level of detection
-------
Table 11.2
(onliimiiiiinls of Polenliiil Concern (COPC) Kxm'diincc Hy Kvenl
Mill tress Store: lest li (\\ el wipe iill Willis)
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
2.7
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
38.9
91.5
77
79.3
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
11.716
92.184
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsHils of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvonl
Msitlrcss Store: l ost (' (Not wsiUt csirpcl shnnipoo)
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
2.7
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
0.0025
OL
0.0016
0.0025
0.0016
0.0016
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
38.9
77
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
11.716
92.184
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onlsiminnnls »l' Polenlhil Concern (( ()P( ) Kxeeediinee Hy Kvenl
MiiUress Store: Test I) (A/C duct denning)
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
4 ng/m2
PAH
300 ug/m2
2.7
Asbestos
n/a
OL
OL
Lead
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
38.9
77
MMVF
n/a
11.716
92.184
Silica
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onlsiminnnls »l' Potenthil Concern (( ()P( ) Kxeeediinee Hy Kvent
M:itlress Store: Test V.
((Ic;inin« of vinyl lloor tile nnd window ledge wet w ipe using wnter only)
Cleanu
p Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Pre-Water
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Wipe
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
2.7
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
38.9
38.2
77
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
11.716
92.184
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsinls of Polentinl Concern (COPC) Kxceednnce Hy Kvent
Liberty Street Stnircsise: l est 4A. 41}
Cleanu
p Criteria
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
22
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
( onlsiiiiiiiiiiils of I'olonlisil (oncern (( ()!»( ) I.\cco(I;hho By r.vonl
l.cnioii!>i';iss (will: Test 4A
Cleanu
p Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post-First Cleaning
Post-Second Cleaning
Post-Encap.
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
OL
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
10700 J
25.9 R
166
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
R = Result rejected
J = Estimated concentration
-------
I n hie //. 2
( onlsiiiiiiisiiils ol' I'oloiilisil ( oiuei ii (COI'C) l.\cee(l;iiHe By l.vcnl
l.einon»i;iss (irill linsoiiionl
Cleanup Criteria
Post-First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
Conliiminsinls of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxcccdsiiicc liv Kvcnl
The l-ootl Kxchnngc: l ost 4A
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaninc
Post-Encap.
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
1310
136
183
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onlsiiiiiiiiinls »l' PoU'iilinl Concern (( ()P( ) Kxcmliincc Hy Kvcnl
The lootl K\ch;iii«o linsonicnl
Cleanup Criteria
Post-First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/<
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsHils of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvonl
Klcviilor Shnl't/Conipnelor Uooni: l est 4A
Cleanup Criteria
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
( onlnniinnnls of Potenti:il Concern (CO PC) K\ceetlnine IK Kvcnl
Chiroprnclor's Office: l ost A (Indnstri;iI I IK PA filtered vneuums. Al l))
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
UD
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
433
28.2
146
346
181 J
64.5
116
69.3 J
74.7
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
LT 8
UD = Uneven distribution of material
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
J = Estimated concentration
LT = Concentration is less than the specified level of detection
-------
Table 11.2
( onl;imin;in(s ol' Polcnlhil Concern (COP(') Kxroodiinro liv Kvcnl
(hiropnulor's Office: I est li (Wet Wipe ;ill wsills)
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
0.039
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
433
28.2
147
346
181
556
116
69.3
74.7
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
17.579
60.606
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
M.V. = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
( onl;imin;in(s ol' Polcnlhil Concern (COP(') Kxroodiinro liv Kvcnl
(hiropnulor's Office: Test (' (Ilot wnlcr wet vsiciiuni)
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
0.0033
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
433
28.2
1.89
346
181
2.56
116
69.3
74.7
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
( onlnniinnnls of Potenti:il Concern (CO PC) K\ceetlnine IK Kvcnl
Chiropmclor's Office: l est I) (A/C duel clciiiiing)
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
433
28.2
346
181
116
69.3
74.7
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
(onlnminnnls of Potenti:il Concern (CO PC) K\ceetlnine IK Kvcnl
Chiropractor's Office: Test V.
(Clciiniii" ol floor siihI desk lop wet wipe using wsitcr only)
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Pre-Water
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Wipe
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
433
28.2
147 ug/ft2 (Tile)
954 (Tile)
346
181
556 ug/ft2 (Desk)
116
69.3
74.7
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onlsiminnnls of Polenlinl Concern (( ()P( ) Kxoeediinoe Hy Kvenl
Cedsir Si red Slsiircsise: Tcsl 4A. 41}
Cleanup Criteria
Post - First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsHils of Polcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvonl
linrhcr Shop: Test 4A. 4K
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Water Wipe
Post-Water Wipe
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
Air
Wipe
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
12.1 R
25.9 R
42.9
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
R = Result rejected
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsHils of Polcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvonl
l-ildi Moor Ihillwsiv: Test 4A
Cleanup Criteria
Post-First Cleaning
Post-Second Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/rr
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
OL
OL
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
OL = Overloading of particulates
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsHils of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvonl
fourlli l loor lliillwsiv: I csl 4A
Cleanup Criteria
Post-Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('onliiniinsHils of Potcnlinl Concern (COPC) Kxm'dnncc Hy Kvonl
Third Moor Ihillwiiv: Test 4A
Cleanup Criteria
Post - FirstCleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/m3
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Table 11.2
('ontsiniinsints of Polcnliiil Concern (( ()P( ) Kxemlsineo By Kvonl
I nil 51): I est 31}
Cleanup Criteria
Pre-Cleaning
Post-First Cleaning
COPC
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Air
Wipe
MV
Dioxin
0.001 ng/rr
4 ng/m2
PAH
0.2 ug/m3
300 ug/m2
Asbestos
0.0009 f/cc
n/a
Lead
1 ug/m3
25 ug/ft2
25 ug/ft2
25.3
27.1
32.1
49.1
MMVF
0.01 f/cc
n/a
Silica
4 ug/m3
n/a
MV = Microvac
-------
Attachment A
Personal Monitoring Data
-------
Asbestos Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7400 (PCM); NIOSH 7402 (TEM). Flow Rate 2.0 L/min, Minimum Sample Volume 400 L)
Sample Number
Location
ASBESTOS (f/cc)
Sample Number
Location
ASBESTOS (f/cc)
PEL 0.1 f/cc (PCM)
PCM
TEM
PEL 0.1 f/cc (PCM)
PCM
TEM
APS-9094-A-062502-CA
Common-JN
0.024
<.003
AP S-9094-A-070802- BA
5A
0.013
<.002
APS-9094-A-062502-J B
5C
0.022
<.003
AP S-9094-A-070802- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-062502- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-070802- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-062502- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-070902-J B
4B
0.003
<.003
AP S-9094-A-062602- B A
Common-BA
0.012
<.003
AP S-9094-A-070902-J N
5A
0.002
<.002
AP S-9094-A-062602-S C
Common
0.013
<.003
AP S-9094-A-070902- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-062602- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-070902- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-062602- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071002-GR
4B
0.022
0.007
AP S-9094-A-062702-G R
5D
0.008
....
APS-9094-A-071002-SC
5A
0.031
<.003
AP S-9094-A-062702- N F
5C
0.015
<.002
APS-9094-A-071002-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-062702- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071002-LB
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-062702- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071102-J B
3C
0.022
<.002
APS-9094-A-062802-J B
5D/2B
0.012
<.002
APS-9094-A-071102-B A
3D
0.079
<.008
APS-9094-A-062802-J N
5C
0.016
<.002
APS-9094-A-071102-FB
BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-062802- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071102-LB
LOT BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-062802- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071202-GR
3C
0.006
....
AP S-9092-A-062902-S C
5C
overloaded
APS-9094-A-071202-J N
3D/MATRESS
0.006
....
AP S-9094-A-062902-G R
2B
0.006
...
APS-9094-A-071202-FB
BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-062902- F B
BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-071202-LB
LOT BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-062902- L B
LOT BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-071302-RH
4A/MATRESS
0.038
<.011
ABS-9094-A-063002-J B
2B/4C
0.007
...
APS-9094-A-071302-SC
4D/4A/CHIRO
0.057
<.012
AB S-9094-A-063002-WA
4D
0.005
...
APS-9094-A-071302-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-063002- F B
BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-071302-LB
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-063002- L B
LOT BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-071502-GR
3A
0.018
<.002
APS-9094-A-070102-J N
4D
0.051
<.003
APS-9094-A-071502-B A
2A
0.021
<.002
APS-9094-A-070102-GR
4C
0.027
<.003
APS-9094-A-071502-FB
BLANK
N/A
N/A
APS-9094-A-070102-LB
LOT BLANK
N/A
N/A
APS-9094-A-071502-LB
LOT BLANK
N/A
N/A
AP S-9094-A-070202-J B
4C
0.018
<.002
APS-9094-A-071602-J B
3A
0.011
<.002
AP S-9094-A-070202-S C
4D/5A
0.016
<.002
APS-9094-A-071602-J N
2A
0.014
<.002
AP S-9094-A-070202- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071602-FB
BLANK
N/A
N/A
AP S-9094-A-070202- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071602-LB
LOT BLANK
N/A
N/A
AP S-9094-A-070302-J N
4C
0.01
<.004
APS-9094-A-071702-GR
3A
0.004
....
AP S-9094-A-070302- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071702-SC
MATRESS
0.023
<.003
AP S-9094-A-070302- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071702-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-070802-G R
4C/4B
0.013
<.002
*** The PCM was below the NYC reoccupancy standard (.01 f/cc) so TEM was not run.
< - Below the dectection limit. This method assumes the limit of dectection is 7 f/mm2
N/A - Not Applicable 1
-------
Asbestos Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7400 (PCM); NIOSH 7402 (TEM). Flow Rate 2.0 L/min, Minimum Sample Volume 400 L)
Sample Number
Location
ASBESTOS (f/cc)
Sample Number
Location
ASBESTOS (f/cc)
PEL 0.1 f/cc (PCM)
PCM
TEM
PEL 0.1 f/cc (PCM)
PCM
TEM
APS-9094-A-071702-LB
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-072602- L B
LOT BLANK
<
....
APS-9094-A-071802-J B
3A/4A
0.009
...
APS-9094-A-072702-J N
3C
0.039
<.005
APS-9094-A-071802-J N
MATRESS
0.037
<.003
AP S-9094-A-072702- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071802-FB
BLANK
N/A
...
APS-9094-A-072902-J B
THAI
0.039
<.004
APS-9094-A-071802-LB
LOT BLANK
N/A
...
APS-9094-A-072902-SC
3C
0.039
overloaded
APS-9094-A-071902-NF
CHIRO
OVERLOADED
0.053
AP S-9094-A-072902- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071902-B A
MATRESS
0.013
<.002
AP S-9094-A-072902- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-071902-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-073002- B A
THAI
0.005
....
APS-9094-A-071902-LB
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-073002-SC
CHIRO/CA
0.006
....
APS-9094-A-072002-SC
MATRESS
0.017
<.002
AP S-9094-A-073002- F B
BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-072002- R H
CHIRO
OVERLOADED
>.004
AP S-9094-A-073002- L B
LOT BLANK
<
....
APS-9094-A-072002-GR
4A
0.011
<.007
APS-9094-A-073102-J N
MATRESS
0.009
....
AP S-9094-A-072002- F B
BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-073102-GR
THAI
0.022
....
AP S-9094-A-072002- L B
LOT BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-073102-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-072202- N F
CHIRO
0.019
<.002
APS-9094-A-073102-LB
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-072202-J N
MATRESS
0.012
<.002
APS-9094-A-080102-SC
CHIRO
0.009
....
APS-9094-A-072202-J B
4A
0.009
...
APS-9094-A-080102-BA
THAI
0.007
....
AP S-9094-A-072202- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-080102-FB
BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-072202- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-080102-LB
LOT BLANK
<
....
APS-9094-A-072302-SC
3D
0.016
<.002
AP S-9094-A-080202-G R
THAI
<.002
....
AP S-9094-A-072302- N F
CA/THAI/3B
0.021
<.002
APS-9094-A-080202-J N
MATRESS/CA
<.002
....
AP S-9094-A-072302- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-080202- F B
BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-072302- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-080202- L B
LOT BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-072402- N F
CHIRO
0.048
<.008
AP S-9094-A-080302-S C
MATRESS
0.004
....
APS-9094-A-072402-J N
4C/CA
0.049
<.006
AP S-9094-A-080302- B A
CA
0.006
....
AP S-9094-A-072402- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-080302- F B
BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-072402- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-080302- L B
LOT BLANK
<
....
APS-9094-A-072502-SC
CA/5C
0.034
<.002
AP S-9094-A-080502-G R
THAI
0.004
....
AP S-9094-A-072502- B A
3B
0.021
<.004
APS-9094-A-080502-J N
THAI
0.005
....
AP S-9094-A-072502- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-080502- F B
BLANK
<
....
AP S-9094-A-072502- L B
LOT BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-080502- L B
LOT BLANK
<
....
APS-9094-A-072602-GR
3B
0.004
...
APS-9094-A-080602-J N
THAI
0.002
....
APS-9094-A-072602-J B
55 Liberty
0.004
...
AP S-9094-A-080602- F B
BLANK
<
....
APS-9094-A-072602-J N
5C/THAI
0.007
...
AP S-9094-A-080702- B A
THAI
0.002
....
AP S-9094-A-072602- F B
BLANK
<
...
AP S-9094-A-080702- F B
BLANK
<
....
*** The PCM was below the NYC reoccupancy standard (.01 f/cc) so TEM was not run.
< - Below the dectection limit. This method assumes the limit of dectection is 7 f/mm2
N/A - Not Applicable 2
-------
Asbestos Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7400 (PCM); NIOSH 7402 (TEM). Flow Rate 2.0 L/min, Minimum Sample Volume 400 L)
Sample Number
Location
ASBESTOS (f/cc)
Sample Number
Location
ASBESTOS (f/cc)
PEL 0.1 f/cc (PCM)
PCM
TEM
PEL 0.1 f/cc (PCM)
PCM
TEM
AP S-9094-A-080802-S C
THAI
0.007
...
AP S-9094-A-090402-S C
FOOD X
0.004
N/A
AP S-9094-A-080802- F B
BLANK
<
...
AP S-9094-A-090402- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-080902-J N
THAI
0.006
...
APS-9094-A-090502-J N
FOOD X
<.003
N/A
AP S-9094-A-080902- F B
BLANK
<
...
AP S-9094-A-090502- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-081202-J N
4B
0.016
<.003
AP S-9094-A-090602-S C
5TH CA
0.019
<.005
APS-9094-A-081202-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-090602- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-081302-SC
5TH CA
0.007
...
APS-9094-A-090902-J N
3D
0.011
<.003
APS-9094-A-081302-FB
BLANK
<
...
AP S-9094-A-090902-S C
4A
0.018
N/A
APS-9094-A-081502-SC
FOOD X
0.022
<.003
AP S-9094-A-090902- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-081502-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-091002-J N
2A
0.005
N/A
APS-9094-A-081602-SC
FOOD X
0.008
...
APS-9094-A-091002-SC
5C
0.007
N/A
APS-9094-A-081602-FB
BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-091002-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-081902-J N
FOOD X
0.038
<.003
APS-9094-A-091202-SC
MATTRESS/CHIRO
0.011
<.002
APS-9094-A-081902-FB
BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-091202-J N
3C
0.005
<.002
AP S-9094-A-082002-S C
FOOD X
0.02
APS-9094-A-091302-J N
BARBER
0.131
<.008
AP S-9094-A-082002- F B
BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-091602-J N
BARBER
overloaded
0.007
APS-9094-A-082102-J N
FOOD X
0.009
...
APS-9094-A-091602-SC
FOOD X
0.008
N/A
APS-9094-A-082102-FB
BLANK
<
...
APS-9094-A-091602-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-082202-S C
FOOD X
0.014
<.002
APS-9094-A-091702-JN
BARBER
overloaded
0.003
AP S-9094-A-082202- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-091702-SC
FOOD X
0.015
<.003
APS-9094-A-082302-J N
FOOD X
<.005
...
APS-9094-A-091702-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-082302- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-091802-SC
THAI
0.017
0.002
AP S-9094-A-082602-S C
FOOD X
0.022
<.003
APS-9094-A-091802-J N
BARBER
0.033
<.002
AP S-9094-A-082602- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-091802-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-082802-S C
FOOD X
0.02
<.002
APS-9094-A-091902-SC
FOOD X
0.006
<.002
AP S-9094-A-082802- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-091902-J N
5C/BARBER
0.025
<.002
APS-9094-A-082902-J N
FOOD X
0.007
...
APS-9094-A-091902-FB
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-082902- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-092402-S C
N-STRS/3RD FL
0.019
<.002
AP S-9094-A-083002-S C
FOOD X
0.028
<.006
APS-9094-A-092402-J N
BARBER
0.011
<.002
AP S-9094-A-083002- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-092402- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
APS-9094-A-090302-J N
FOOD X
0.028
<0.003
AP S-9094-A-092502-S C
S-STRS/2ND FL
0.007
N/A
AP S-9094-A-090302- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
AP S-9094-A-092502- F B
BLANK
<
N/A
*** The PCM was below the NYC reoccupancy standard (.01 f/cc) so TEM was not run.
< - Below the dectection limit. This method assumes the limit of dectection is 7 f/mm2
N/A - Not Applicable 3
-------
Lead Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7300, Flow Rate 2.0 L/min PEL 50 ug/m3)
Sample Number
Location
LEAD (ug/m3)
Sample Number
Location
LEAD (ug/m3)
LPS-9094-A-062502-CA
Common-JN
<269
LPS-9094-A-070802-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-062502-JB
5C
0.909
LPS-9094-A-070802-LB
LOT BLANK
0.268
LPS-9094-A-062502-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-070902-J B
4B
<.169
LPS-9094-A-062502-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-070902-J N
5A
0.433
LPS-9094-A-062602-BA
Common-BA
<.233
LPS-9094-A-070902-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-062602-SC
Common
<.347
LPS-9094-A-070902-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-062602-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-071002-GR
4B
1.68
LPS-9094-A-062602-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-071002-SC
5A
0.272
LPS-9094-A-062702-GR
5D
<.238
LPS-9094-A-071002-FB
BLANK
0.328
LPS-9094-A-062702- N F
5C
<.0213
LPS-9094-A-071002-LB
LOT BLANK
0.267
LPS-9094-A-062702-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-071102-BA
3D
0.234
LPS-9094-A-062702-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-071102-JB
3C
0.245
LPS-9094-A-062802-JB
5D/2B
<.202
LPS-9094-A-071102-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-062802-JN
5C
<.202
LPS-9094-A-071102-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-062802-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-071202-GR
3C
<.242
LPS-9094-A-062802-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-071202-J N
3D/MATRESS
<.258
LPS-9094-A-062902-SC
5C
<.211
LPS-9094-A-071202-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-062902-GR
2B
<.273
LPS-9094-A-071202-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-062902-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071302-SC
Chiro/4D/4A
<.0395
LPS-9094-A-062902-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071302-RH
4A/MATRESS
<.0418
LPS-9094-A-063002-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071302-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-063002-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071302-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LBS-9094-A-063002-JB
2B/4C
<.210
LPS-9094-A-071502-GR
3A
<.209
LBS-9094-A-063002-WA
4D
0.387
LPS-9094-A-071502-BA
2A
<.0214
LPS-9094-A-070102-GR
4C
<255
LPS-9094-A-071502-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-070102-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-071502-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-070102-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-071602-J B
3A
<.225
LPS-9094-A-070202-JB
4C
<.207
LPS-9094-A-071602-J N
2A
<.227
LPS-9094-A-070202-SC
4D/5A
<.205
LPS-9094-A-071602-FB
BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-070202-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071602-LB
LOT BLANK
<.25
LPS-9094-A-070202-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071702-SC
MATRESS
0.277
LPS-9094-A-070302-JN
4C
<269
LPS-9094-A-071702-GR
3A
<.216
LPS-9094-A-070302-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071702-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-070302-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071702-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-070802-GR
4C/4B
0.244
LPS-9094-A-071802-J N
MATRESS
0.277
LPS-9094-A-070802-BA
5A
0.36
LPS-9094-A-071802-J B
3A/4A
<.208
-------
Lead Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7300, Flow Rate 2.0 L/min PEL 50 ug/m3)
Sample Number
Location
LEAD (ug/m3)
Sample Number
Location
LEAD (ug/m3)
LPS-9094-A-071802-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-072202-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071802-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-072202-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071902-BA
MATRESS
<.206
LPS-9094-A-072302-SC
3D
<272
LPS-9094-A-071902-NF
CHIRO
0.312
LPS-9094-A-072302-NF
CA/THAI/3B
0.272
LPS-9094-A-071902-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-072302-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-071902-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-072302-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-072002-RH
CHIRO
0.765
LPS-9094-A-072402-NF
CHIRO
0.328
LPS-9094-A-072002-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-072402-J N
4C/CA
<.218
LPS-9094-A-072002-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-072402-FB
BLANK
<.250
LPS-9094-A-072202- N F
CHIRO
<.224
LPS-9094-A-072402-LB
LOT BLANK
<.250
2
-------
Silica Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7500, Flow Rate 2.5 L/min, Required Volume 400 to 1,000 L)
SILICA
Sample Number
Location
Quartz
Cristobalite **
T ridymite
Gypsum
Calcite
Portlandite
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
PEL* mg/m3
0.1
0.05
0.05
5
5
5
S P S-9094-A-062502-CA
Common-JN
0.027
0.029
0.317
0.337
0.09
0.096
0.31
0.033
0.058
0.062
0.034
0.036
S P S-9094-A-062502-J B
5C
0.099
0.108
0.359
0.393
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
S P S-9094-A-062502- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.020
N/A
<..020
N/A
N/A
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062502- L B
LOT BLANK
0.013
N/A
0.395
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062602- B A
Common-BA
0.011
0.016
0.047
0.067
<.02
<.029
<.02
<.014
<.02
0.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-062602-S C
Common
<.01
<.009
0.035
0.031
<.02
<.018
<.02
<.009
<.02
<.009
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-062602- F B
BLANK
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062602- L B
LOT BLANK
0.007
N/A
0.109
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062702-G R
5D
<.005
<.043
<.20
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
S P S-9094-A-062702- N F
5C
0.011
0.009
0.209
0.179
0.104
0.089
0.023
0.02
0.021
0.018
0.02
0.017
S P S-9094-A-062702- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
0.021
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062702- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
0.021
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062802-J B
5D/2B
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.016
S P S-9094-A-062802-J N
5C
0.005
0.004
0.095
0.078
0.029
0.024
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.016
S P S-9094-A-062802- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062802- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062902-S C
5C
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.01329
<.02
<.01329
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
S P S-9094-A-062902-G R
2B
0.016
0.012
<.02
<.01490
<.02
<.01490
0.045
0.034
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
S P S-9094-A-062902- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-062902- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-063002-J B
2B/4C
0.012
0.008
<.02
<.01412
<.02
<.01412
<.02
<.014
<.02
<..014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-063002-WA
4D
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.01338
<.02
<.01338
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
S P S-9094-A-063002- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-063002- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-070102-JN
4D
<.005
<.004
0.034
0.028
0.032
0.027
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
SPS-9094-A-070102-GR
4C
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
SPS-9094-A-070102-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-070102-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-070202-J B
4C
<.006
0.004
0.025
0.016
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
S P S-9094-A-070202-S C
4D/5A
<.005
<.003
0.029
0.018
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
S P S-9094-A-070202- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-070202- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-070302-J N
4C
<.005
<.007
<.02
<.027
<.02
<.027
<.02
<.027
<.02
<.027
<.02
<.027
AS - The lowest reportable value is equivalent to the Analytical Sensitivity which is calculated from the lowest reproducible concentration of silica detectable by the instrument.
N/A - Not Applicable
1
-------
Silica Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7500, Flow Rate 2.5 L/min, Required Volume 400 to 1,000 L)
SILICA
Sample Number
Location
Quartz
Cristobalite **
T ridymite
Gypsum
Calcite
Portlandite
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
PEL* mg/m3
0.1
0.05
0.05
5
5
5
S P S-9094-A-070302- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-070302- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-070802-G R
4C/4B
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-070802- B A
5A
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
S P S-9094-A-070802- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-070802- L B
LOT BLANK
0.011
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-070902-J N
5A
0.032
0.022
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-070902-J B
4B
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-070902- F B
BLANK
0.1
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-070902- L B
LOT BLANK
0.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071002-GR
4B
<.020
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071002-SC
5A
<.050
<.032
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
SPS-9094-A-071002-FB
BLANK
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071002-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071102-B A
3D
0.013
0.009
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
0.018
0.012
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071102-J B
3C
0.007
0.005
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071102-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071102-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071202-GR
3C
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071202-J N
3D/MATRESS
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
0.013
0.009
<.013
<.013
<.02
<.013
SPS-9094-A-071202-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071202-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071302-RH
4A/MATRESS
<.005
<.006
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
0.012
0.013
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
SPS-9094-A-071302-SC
4 DMA
<.005
<.005
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
<.02
<.022
SPS-9094-A-071302-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071302-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071502-GR
3A
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
SPS-9094-A-071502-B A
2A
0.009
0.006
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
0.012
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071502-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071502-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071602-J B
3A
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071602-J N
2A
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
AS - The lowest reportable value is equivalent to the Analytical Sensitivity which is calculated from the lowest reproducible concentration of silica detectable by the instrument.
N/A - Not Applicable
2
-------
Silica Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7500, Flow Rate 2.5 L/min, Required Volume 400 to 1,000 L)
SILICA
Sample Number
Location
Quartz
Cristobalite **
T ridymite
Gypsum
Calcite
Portlandite
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
PEL* mg/m3
0.1
0.05
0.05
5
5
5
SPS-9094-A-071602-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071602-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071702-GR
3A
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071702-SC
MATRESS
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071702-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071702-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071802-J B
3A/4A
0.03
0.02
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-071802-J N
MATRESS
0.005
0.004
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.016
<.02
<.015
SPS-9094-A-071802-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071802-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071902-NF
CHIRO
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
0.024
0.02
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
SPS-9094-A-071902-B A
MATRESS
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
SPS-9094-A-071902-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-071902-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-072002-SC
MATRESS
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
0.018
0.012
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
S P S-9094-A-072002- R H
CHIRO
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
0.023
0.016
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-072002- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-072002- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-072202- N F
CHIRO
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
0.014
0.01
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-072202-J N
MATRESS
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
0.01
0.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-072202- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-072202- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-072302-SC
3D
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-072302- N F
CA/THAI/3B
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-072302- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-072302- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-072402- N F
CHIRO
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-072402-J N
4C/CA
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-072402- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-072402- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-072502-SC
CA/5C
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.003
<.02
<.013
0.011
0.007
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
S P S-9094-A-072502- B A
3B
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.01
0.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-072502- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
-------
Silica Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7500, Flow Rate 2.5 L/min, Required Volume 400 to 1,000 L)
SILICA
Sample Number
Location
Quartz
Cristobalite **
T ridymite
Gypsum
Calcite
Portlandite
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
PEL* mg/m3
0.1
0.05
0.05
5
5
5
S P S-9094-A-072502- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
-------
Silica Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7500, Flow Rate 2.5 L/min, Required Volume 400 to 1,000 L)
SILICA
Sample Number
Location
Quartz
Cristobalite **
T ridymite
Gypsum
Calcite
Portlandite
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
PEL* mg/m3
0.1
0.05
0.05
5
5
5
S P S-9094-A-080502- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-080502- L B
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-080602-J N
THAI
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-080602- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-080702- B A
THAI
<.005
<.002
<.02
<.008
<.02
<.008
<.01
<.004
<.02
<.008
<.02
<.008
S P S-9094-A-080702- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-080802- B A
THAI
<.005
<.002
<.02
<.008
<.02
<.008
<.01
<.004
<.02
<.008
<.02
<.008
S P S-9094-A-080802- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-080902-J N
THAI
<.005
<.007
<.02
<.027
<.02
<.027
<.01
<.027
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.027
S P S-9094-A-080902- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-081202-JN
4B
<.005
<.005
<.02
<.02
<.02
<.02
<.01
<.01
<.02
<.02
<.02
0.01
SPS-9094-A-081202-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-081302-SC
5th CA
<.005
<.015
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
SPS-9094-A-081302-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-081502-SC
FOOD X
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.01
<.009
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
SPS-9094-A-081502-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-081602-SC
FOOD X
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.018
<.02
<.018
<.01
<.009
<.02
<.018
<.02
-------
Silica Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7500, Flow Rate 2.5 L/min, Required Volume 400 to 1,000 L)
SILICA
Sample Number
Location
Quartz
Cristobalite **
T ridymite
Gypsum
Calcite
Portlandite
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
(mg)
(mg/m3)
PEL* mg/m3
0.1
0.05
0.05
5
5
5
S P S-9094-A-082902- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-083002-S C
FOOD X
<.005
<.009
<.02
<.035
<.02
<.035
<.01
<.018
<.02
<.035
<.02
<.035
S P S-9094-A-083002- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-090302-J N
FOOD X
0.006
0.005
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.015
<.01
<.008
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
S P S-9094-A-090302- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-090402-S C
FOOD X
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
S P S-9094-A-090402- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-090502-J N
FOOD X
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
0.01
0.007
<.02
<.013
<.02
<.013
S P S-9094-A-090502- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-090602-S C
5TH CA
<.005
<.008
<.02
<.032
<.02
<.032
<.01
<.016
<.02
<.032
<.02
<.032
S P S-9094-A-090602- F B
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.2
N/A
S P S-9094-A-090902-S C
4A
0.007
0.008
<.02
<.023
<.02
<.023
0.035
0.039
0.071
0.08
<.02
<.023
S P S-9094-A-090902- F B
BLANK
0.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-091302-JN
BARBER
<.005
<.012
<.02
<.047
<.02
<.047
0.01
0.023
<.02
<.047
<.02
<.047
SPS-9094-A-091302-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-091602-JN
BARBER
0.005
0.004
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
0.024
0.02
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
SPS-9094-A-091602-SC
FOOD X
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
<.01
<.009
<.02
<.017
<.02
<.017
SPS-9094-A-091602-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
0.024
0.02
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-091602-LB
LOT BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
<.009
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-091702-JN
BARBER
0.008
0.006
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
SPS-9094-A-091702-SC
FOOD X
0.005
0.004
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.015
<.02
<.015
SPS-9094-A-091702-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
N/A
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-091802-JN
BARBER
<.005
<.004
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-091802-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
SPS-9094-A-091902-SC
FOOD X
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
<.007
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
SPS-9094-A-091902-FB
BLANK
<.005
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.01
N/A
<.02
N/A
<.02
N/A
S P S-9094-A-092402-S C
N-STRS/3RD FL
<.005
<.003
<.02
<.014
<.02
<.014
<.01
-------
Silica Personal Air Sampling Results for the WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
(Analytical Method NIOSH 7500, Flow Rate 2.5 L/min, Required Volume 400 to 1,000 L)
*PEL for Quartz, Cristobalite and Tridymite
The Permissible Exposure Limit for quartz (0.1 mg/m3) was arrived by using 100 in the denominator of the formula specified for quartz
at 29CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-3. The cristobalite and tridymite PELs (0.05 mg/m3) were arrived at by halving the quartz value as
specified at 29CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-3
**Suspiciously High Values of Cristobalite in EPA WTC Samples
In this project, EMSL has been using the tertiary peak (non-overlapping with other five phases) for Cristobalite for estimating this phase if it is
to be present. Some of the samples do show a strong diffraction peak in the angular region 30.2-32.4 degree 2-theta. However, there are
reasons to suggest that these peaks may be due to some other phase, not Cristobalite.Three spectra from the project # 040208995
are enclosed. Each shows a strong peak and the true position for cristobalite superimposed. Clearly, the peaks in these samples are very mu
displaced to the left with respect to the true position. For comparison purposes, a similar spectra taken on a 50 ug cristobalite standard is alsc
EMSL Laboratories is using a disclaimer, that Cristobalite has not been confirmed in these samples and that estimates are only tentative.
*** The PCM was below the NYC reoccupancy standard (.01 f/cc). Therefore, TEM was not run.
AS - The lowest reportable value is equivalent to the Analytical Sensitivity which is calculated from the lowest reproducible concentration of silica detectable by the instrument.
N/A - Not Applicable
-------
Attachment B
The Work Plan and Changes to the Work Plan
-------
Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
Work Plan
Preparedfor and by:
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
2890 Woodbridge Avenue
Edison, New Jersey 08837
May 30, 2002
-------
1. INTRODUCTION
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been tasked to evaluate the
effectiveness of various cleaning procedures that may have been utilized in cleaning residential
living spaces located in the immediate vicinity of ground zero that are contaminated with dust
and debris from the World Trade Center (WTC) attack. The study will involve implementing
various vacuuming and cleaning techniques in separate apartments to determine their
effectiveness. Comprehensive sampling for Contaminants of Potential Concern (COPC) will be
conducted throughout the study to determine which method of cleaning is most effective at dust
control. The building located at 110 Liberty Street has been selected for the study. The location
of the building in relation to ground zero is shown on Figure 1.0.
1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION
The building at 110 Liberty Street is five stories with twelve (12) residential and six commercial
spaces and has been unoccupied since September 11, 2001. It is owned by Liberty Street
Associates LLC (David M. Baldwin Realty Company, Inc). The building is situated between
Liberty and Cedar Steets and has a co-address of 113-117 Cedar Street. The collapse of the WTC
severly impacted all spaces in the building with deposition of dust and debris. Windows of
residential and commercial spaces facing the WTC were blown out as were the sky lights located
in the ceilings of the three, fifth floor dwellings. The building was professionally cleaned shortly
after the collapse of the WTC. The cleanup was limited to all residential spaces, the basement
and the roof. None of the commercial spaces, except for unit 3 A were cleaned. Two of the
commercial spaces (Unit 1 and Unit 2) are presently covered with inches of dust. All of the
residential rental spaces contain dust of various degrees due to redeposition of dust generated
from the work effort at ground zero.
The rental spaces range in size from 1,000 to 1,300 square feet. The residential spaces are of
open design and include a kitchen, bathroom and sleeping area. Commercial spaces identified as
Unit 1, Unit 2 and Dwelling 3 A were used as a chiropractors office, a retail mattress showroom
and offices of Baldwin Realty, respectively. Each space is heated by an individual hot water
base board system. Window or roof mounted air conditioners are present in the residential space,
central systems are present in the commercial space (Unit 1 and Unit 2). Rental spaces are
accessible from Liberty or Cedar Streets through common hallways, floors are accessible via an
elevator and stairs. The building is presently without electricity and service is not expected to be
restored until mid June. Each floor has a trash compactor room and a utility room. A laundry
room is located on the second floor. The basement contains the building trash compactor,
elevator shaft, electric meter rooms, preparation and storage areas for the Chinese restaurant, and
a hair salon.
The study will be conducted on twelve (12) residential and three commercial spaces. The two
restaurants and hair salon are not part of the study but will be cleaned by EPA at the completion
of the study.
1
-------
2. PROPOSED PLANS AND PROJECT OBJECTIVES
EPA will evaluate eight cleaning techniques during the study. Fifteen (15) separate units will be
identified and evaluated based on the following criteria: exposure to ground zero, type of interior
decorating and the location of the unit in the building. Cleaning techniques will be specific to
each unit and will consist of basic vacuuming with standard household equipment to use of
advanced commercial quality equipment. Wet wiping of horizontal surfaces will be performed in
each unit. The use of wet vacuums for cleaning carpets will also be investigated.
Comprehensive sampling for COPC will be conducted prior to, during and after the cleanup.
Laboratory data will be evaluated by EPA to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of each
cleanup technique as well as possible exposures to individuals performing the task.
The Cleanup Plan details the tasks and procedures to be used during the cleaning of specific
units. Tasks will be identified and protocols will be detailed for building assessments, setup of
support/decontamination zones, vacuuming/washing and disposal.
The Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) presents the detailed procedures and methods for
sampling and analysis of bulk, surface and airborne dusts. Sampling will be performed during all
phases of the cleanup. A Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) is included in the Sampling and
Analysis Plan to ensure that the sampling and analysis are conducted in conformance with EPA
Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) objectives.
The Health and Safety Plan (HASP) provides the minimum safety requirements that will be
implemented during the activities conducted under the Cleanup and Sampling Plans. The Health
and Safety Plan satisfies the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.120.
3. CLEANUP PLAN
This Cleanup Plan describes the procedures and protocols to be implemented for the following
tasks:
i) support areas, security
ii) building and apartment access and assessment;
iii) photo documentation, and inventories of existing conditions;
iv) cleaning of common areas, building exteriors, elevator shafts and heating systems;
v) decontamination areas;
vi) procedures for interior cleaning;
vii) procedures for containment and disposal of cleanup wastes.
The sampling program to be implemented is summarized in Section 4. Specific details of
sampling activities/protocols/methods performed during the Cleanup are presented in the
Sampling and Analysis Plan and associated QAPP. All activities performed under the Cleanup
Plan will be performed in accordance with the health and safety protocols presented in the Health
and Safety Plan.
2
-------
1. Support Facilities:
This project will require office space large enough to support numerous activities including
public relations, public availability, technical support, communications, data collection and
presentation, contractor support and EPA management. Portable trailers cannot be used in the
area due to space constraints, therefore office space in the immediate vicinity of the cleanup will
be rented for the duration of the study. Security needs will be determined for support areas and
the study building.
2. Building Access and Assessment:
Prior to entering the building, EPA will obtain a signed access agreement with the building
owner(s) and prior tenant(s). These documents will be prepared by EPA attorneys and signed
copies will be kept on file. Once access is obtained the entire building and each apartment will
be inspected for safety concerns including: gas/oil/water leaks, perishable foods, rodent/insect
infestations, individual or common heating/cooling systems, damaged floors/walls/roofs,
common areas, stair ways and elevators. All safety concerns will be noted/evaluated and repaired
(if necessary) prior to beginning the cleanup.
3. Photo Documentation and Inventories:
Photo documentation of all building interiors will be conducted and catalogued in an index. The
building owner and tenant will be requested to accompany EPA during this event. Inventories of
personnel belongings will be developed and owners will be permitted to remove valuables.
This documentation is for the benefit of all parties involved. Measurements of the apartment
and details of the interior decorating (furniture/carpets etc.) will be obtained to develop a floor
plan of the living space. The floor plan will be utilized to locate and document sample locations
while the cleanup is progressing. Bulk samples of dust will be obtained (if possible) for
laboratory analysis and subsequent evaluation.
4. Cleaning of Common Areas:
EPA will clean building exterior areas (if necessary) prior to beginning interior work. The work
will be performed by a subcontractor utilizing vacuum trucks equipped with HEPA filtration.
All foyers, stair ways, hall ways, elevators/shafts, and common heating systems will be
vacuumed using commercial quality HEPA-filtered vacuums. Cleaning of common areas will
begin at the building entrance and proceed to the upper level then return down to the entrance.
Plastic curtains will be installed at the interface of clean and non - clean areas to prevent re -
deposition of dust due to drafting. If HVAC systems are present, subcontractors specializing in
cleaning these units may be utilized. All ventilation ducts will be covered with plastic to
minimize recontamination with dust. Wet washing of walls, and ceilings will be performed if
dust cannot be removed by vacuuming. The goal of this activity is to provide a dust free area to
allow level "D" entry through the common spaces and for construction of equipment storage and
decontamination areas. Decontamination areas be will temporary structures built of wood and
plastic sheeting to be utilized to don and doff protective equipment when entering or exiting the
work areas.
3
-------
5. Interior Cleaning:
EPA will evaluate eight cleaning techniques on fifteen (15) rental spaces. Each cleaning
technique will be tested on two rental units. The eight cleanup techniques will vary through use
of different vacuuming systems. Sampling of dust before, during, and after the cleanup will be
performed to evaluate the effectiveness of each cleanup technique and worker exposure.
General cleaning procedures which will be employed for all units are as follows: Bulk
accumulations of dust and debris (if present) will be manually removed using shovels and
commercial quality HEPA-filtered vacuums. All horizontal and vertical surfaces will be
vacuumed beginning with the ceilings and working down along the walls to the floor. Windows,
electrical outlets, sills, heating/cooling units will be vacuumed as they are encountered. Filters
will be replaced on cooling units. After cleaning, AJC units will be sealed with plastic sheeting.
Central HVAC intake/discharge registers will be covered with plastic. Horizontal and vertical
solid surfaces including floors, appliances, table tops, cabinets (interior/exterior) as well as flat
ware, and accent items will be washed with soap and water (if appropriate). Books, files,
magazine, porous accent items will be vacuumed and stored in boxes then covered with plastic
bags. Items such as clothes, shoes, drapes/curtains, will be HEPA vacuumed (if necessary) and
stored in plastic bags for washing/dry-cleaning by the tenant. Carpets and furniture will be dry
vacuumed until visibly clean. The tenant will be invited to monitor the cleanup if desired. EPA
will furnish protective equipment to tenant(s) during the cleanup. No items will be discarded
unless authorized by the tenant. If necessary, work schedules will be modified to accommodate
the tenant.
Detailed cleaning procedures and sequencing of work are included as Attachment A.
Four scenarios have been developed to evaluate eight cleanup techniques. Each scenario
contains two parts for testing two different cleaning procedures. Each scenario is discussed
below:
Scenario 1:
(Selection Criteria): Accumulation of dust on horizontal surfaces should be limited to a dusting.
This scenario may represent a typical apartment which was impacted but not totally encompassed
in dust.
Test A (Equipment Selection) Cleaning will be conducted in two units using basic residential
quality upright vacuums and shop vacuums which are available from Hoover®, Eureka®,
Rigid® and Craftsman®.
Test B (Equipment Selection) Cleaning will be conducted in two units with basic vacuums as
used in Test A but with the addition of an air filtration device (AFD). The AFD produces a
negative pressure differential which will serve to capture dust particles through HEPA filtration
that become airborne as a result of the cleaning activities.
4
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Scenario 2:
(Selection Criteria) Same or similar to Scenario 1.
Test A (Equipment Selection) Cleaning will be conducted in two units using HEPA-filtered
upright vacuums and HEPA-filtered shop vacuums which are available from Hoover®, Eureka®,
Rigid® and Craftsman® companies. The upright vacuums from Hoover® and Eureka® were
provided to residents of lower Manhattan, by FEMA and the American Red Cross for cleaning of
their occupied space.
Test B (Equipment Selection) Cleaning will be conducted in two units using the same vacuums
in Test A but with the addition of an AFD.
Scenario 3:
(Selection Criteria): Same or similar to Scenario 1.
Test A (Equipment Selection) Cleaning will be conducted in two units using commercial quality
HEPA-filtered vacuums. These vacuums will be purchased from Nilfisk-Advance™ Vacuum
Systems. Vacuums of this type were used by management companies for cleaning
residential/commercial spaces in lower Manhattan after the WTC attack.
Test B (Equipment Selection) Cleaning will be conducted in two units using the same vacuums
in Test A but with the addition of a AFD.
Scenario 4:
(Selection Criteria) Units have a direct exposure to ground zero. Windows were blown out as a
result of the WTC collapse. Accumulation of dust on horizontal surfaces measures in inches.
This scenario represents a severely impacted space with heavy accumulations of dust and debris.
The two commercial spaces (Units 1 and Unit 2) in the building fit this criteria. Both spaces
have wall to wall carpeting and acoustical ceiling tiles.
Test A (Equipment Selection) Cleaning will be conducted in both units using Nilfisk™ HEPA-
filtered vacuums. Debris that cannot be vacuumed will be manually removed and disposed of.
Due to the excessive amount of dust, a minimum of two AFDs will be used to control airborne
dust. Cleaning will continue until all visible dust has been removed.
Test B (Wet Wiping) Additional cleaning of wall surface areas will be conducted to remove any
dust residues that may not have been removed by vacuuming. Wiping of the walls with a damp
soapy cloth will be performed to remove residual dust that may have adhered to the walls from
the force of the collapse.
Test C (Carpet Shampooing) Wall to wall carpeting in both units will be shampooed or steam
cleaned using commercial duty equipment.
Scenarios 1, 2 and 3 will be each be tested on four units. Scenario 4 will be tested on the two
commercial spaces. Additional evaluation of wet wiping methods will be conducted on the 15th
(Dwelling) that has not been proposed for evaluation under the previously proposed scenarios.
5
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Samples will be collected prior to, during and after cleanup in accordance with the SAP to
determine the effectiveness of the cleaning. If sample results do not attain cleanup objectives for
a specific scenario, the unit will be re-cleaned using the same equipment and re-sampled. If after
a second cleaning the results are unsatisfactory the unit will be cleaned using a method proven
successful.
6. Disposal of Waste Generated in Cleanup:
Dust/debris, used protective equipment, clogged vacuum filters, expendables and items discarded
by the tenant will be double bagged in 6ml plastic bags and deposited in a roll off container
placed out side the building. The roll off container will be transported off site when full and
replaced with another roll-off container. Water used for hand washing and equipment washing
will be disposed into the sanitary sewer.
4. PROJECT SAMPLING
EPA will perform comprehensive sampling before, during and after the cleanup to evaluate the
effectiveness of the work and possible worker exposure. Samples of dust collected by wipe,
micro vac, and personnel pump sampling techniques will be obtained from porous and nonporous
surfaces as well as from workers. Prior to the start of work, bulk samples will be collected (if
possible) from each unit. If bulk samples cannot be collected, samples will be obtained using
wipe or micro - vac techniques. Samples will be collected from the locations, and analyzed for
the parameters shown on the tables included as Attachment B. Specific sampling protocols,
methods as well as sample management, data validation and reporting are detailed in the SAP.
5. REPORT PREPARATION
Upon completion of the study a summary report will be prepared discussing the work performed
under each scenario. The report will present a synopsis of the work, detailing conditions of the
units prior to, during and after the cleanup, duration of the cleanup, problems encountered during
cleanup and sampling, sample locations, laboratory data summary tables, and QA/QC
documentation. This information will be presented to EPA for evaluation and recommendation.
6
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Figure 1.0
7
-------
Base Map of Lower Manhattan
-------
Attachment A
8
-------
Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study
Sequence of Activities and Detailed Cleaning Procedures
1. Obtain Access from Owner(s) & Tenants(s):
1. Meet with owner/tenants to explain the pilot and goals.
ii. Arrange for owner/tenants to enter rental space to identify items to be discarded or removed
(clothes, rugs, furniture) This entry will be after hallways are cleaned and tenants are provided
proper PPE.
2. Photo Documentation of Rental Space:
i. EPA will video and photograph all rental and common spaces before the cleanup begins,
(drawers, cabinets, and closets will be opened and areas of damage will be noted)
ii Inventories of all belongings will be logged and entered into an EPA database.
iii Heating and air conditioning systems will be identified and photographed..
iv The interior space will be detailed on a scaled floor plan. Furniture, carpets, beds will be
identified, sample locations will be marked.
3. Exterior Cleaning:
NYC is responsible for cleaning roof tops and building exteriors that are covered with dust. Dust
will be removed by vacuum and wetted then brushed into bags.
4. Cleaning of Common Spaces:
EPA will initiate the cleanup by vacuuming all common spaces. This includes hallways, utility
rooms, laundry rooms, compactor rooms, elevators and elevator shafts. Work will begin from the
entrance to the top floors. Windows and screens will be cleaned first. Vacuuming will begin at
the ceiling and continue down the walls to the floor. Work will continue to the next floor via
stair ways. Utility rooms, compactor rooms and laundry rooms, will be vacuumed as encountered
starting from the ceiling working down to the floor. Appliances will be moved to permit
complete cleaning. Dryer vents and filters will be replaced or cleaned. When the top hallway is
completed vacuuming will continue floor by floor to the building entrance following the same
procedures as during the initial cleaning. Isolation barriers will be installed at the stairwell of
each floor to minimized recontamination caused by drafting. This barrier will also isolate the
common spaces for clearance sampling. Following receipt of acceptable clearance sample
results, the floor of the common spaces (hallway) will be covered with construction paper (red
rosin), and will be used as storage areas for equipment and supplies, and as passage areas for
(level D) workers and visitors.
5. Cleaning of Interior (Residential) Spaces:
EPA will begin cleaning interior spaces beginning at the entrance door of the rental space.
Workers will vacuum the foyer areas and construct an isolation barrier to separate this area from
the rest of the rental space. The contained foyer area will be considered a clean space for
donning PPE. Exteriors of windows/screens will be cleaned first. Interior areas will be cleaned
as encountered. Items identified by the tenant(s) for disposal will be consolidated and bagged.
Personnel belongings (shoes, clothes, linens etc.) will be vacuumed then bagged for
washing/cleaning by the tenant. Vacuuming will begin at the ceiling and continue down the
9
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walls to the floor, working toward the far end of the rental space. Window sills, electrical
outlets, mouldings, baseboard heating elements and horizontal surfaces will be vacuumed as
encountered. Carpets will be vacuumed 2 times using an agitator bar after removal of gross dust..
Fabric covered furniture will be vacuumed 2 times using a stiff brush attachment after removal
of gross dust. Fabric window dressings will be vacuumed 2 times. Window air conditioners will
be vacuumed externally then dismantled to be vacuumed internally. Central HVAC
intake/discharge registers (if present) will be removed/cleaned to permit interior duct cleaning
then replaced and covered with plastic. Appliances such as refrigerators and stoves will be
moved to vacuum dust from floor footprint area. Spoiled food (if present in the refrigerator) will
be removed at this time. Refrigerator cooling tubes will brushed and vacuumed. Closet and
dresser interiors will be vacuumed. Upon reaching the far end of the rental space vacuuming will
continue by reversing the process detailed above. Vacuuming will continue to the entrance area.
At this time horizontal surfaces will be wet wiped, solid floors will be moped, flatware and solid
objects, will be washed. Flatware, solid objects (electrical equipment, exercise equipment, etc.)
will be packaged in boxes and/or covered with plastic. Work will continue to the isolation barrier
where all cleaning equipment will be vacuumed and/or washed for use on the next rental space..
6. Cleaning of Interior (Commercial) Spaces:
Two commercial spaces are present in the building, both are grossly contaminated with inches of
dust and debris. Both spaces are carpeted and have central air conditioning systems with the
exchanger located above tiled ceilings. Entrance to the spaces is via a hallway from Cedar Street
and a stairwell from Liberty Street. The heavy accumulation of dust in these spaces requires
special considerations. The units will be isolated from both entrance ways by plastic barriers.
Vacuum motors and canisters will operate from outside the isolation area. Vacuuming will be
accomplished by snaking hoses into the contaminated areas. This procedure will minimize
entraining dust into the air. Due to the accumulation of dust, negative air machines will be
utilized to manage air born dust. The front windows are presently covered with plywood.
Plywood will be removed and window openings will be vacuumed to remove dust and residual
debris. Upon completion, plywood and plastic will be installed until the building owner installs
permanent windows. Following complete removal of accumulated dust, vacuums will be
brought into the space and cleaning will proceed as detailed in the procedures for residential
space.
7. Specialized Cleaning Procedures
a. Window Mounted Air Conditioners.
Vacuum exterior surfaces, remove from wall mount and relocate to isolated cleaning area. Cover
AJC mount with plastic. Discard filters and open unit to expose interior mechanism. Vacuum
cooling fins and interior surfaces. Replace filter, install in mount and cover interior vents with
plastic.
b. Roof Mounted A/C
Units cannot be removed; therefore, cleaning will be performed with the unit in place. Remove
and replace filters, vacuum interior, inspect exterior exchanger, replace all cleaned parts and
cover interior vents with plastic.
10
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c. Refrigerators
Inspect refrigerator, remove and dispose of spoiled food. Move appliance to isolated cleaning
area, elevate and clean dust from cooling coils using vacuums and specialized brushes. Clean
floor area where appliance was located.
d. Stoves
Move appliance from location, clean floor area. Vacuum storage drawer (if present) and open
top of stove to vacuum. Remove exhaust fan light and filters, replace with new. Vacuum first
foot of exhaust duct if present.
e. Dishwashers
Remove toe plate and vacuum dust from under appliance.
f. Bathroom Fans
Remove protective cover and wet wipe, remove fan/motor and vacuum. Vacuum first foot of
exhaust duct.
g. Hydronic Finned Radiation
Remove protective covers to expose heat elements. Finns are to be vacuumed and brushed to
remove dust.
h. Electronic Equipment
Equipment is to be moved to the isolated cleaning area where dust will be removed by blowing
air into the cooling slats while vacuuming.
i. Non-perishable canned and bottled goods
These items are to be wet wiped and stored in boxes covered with plastic for the tenant,
j Carpets
Carpets will be vacuumed twice or until visibly clean. Carpets in the commercial space will be
shampooed after vacuuming.
11
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Attachment B
12
-------
-------
Changes to the Work Plan
1. WET WIPING
1.1 Wet Wipe Using Windex® / Wet Wipe Using Water Only
The work plan initially called for use of soap and water to accomplish wet wiping. Windex®
brand was used because it is a commonly used cleaner believed to be readily available in most
people's homes. Further, it is non-damaging to most surfaces, from wood to fiberglass.
Typically, this soap does not "over-suds." It provides an effective detergent-based protection of
surfaces when combined with cold water. This was important, because hot water was not
immediately available at the project site. During the project, EPA opted to also evaluate
application of wet wipe using water only. Water only was used on the desktop in the
Chiropractor's Office, in the bathroom of the Chiropractor's Office, and in the entire Barber
Shop. Water only was also used on the vinyl tiles under the carpeted area in the Mattress Store.
1.2 Horizontal Wet Wipe Only / Horizontal and Vertical Wet Wipe
The majority of tests of cleaning methods were accomplished using horizontal wet wipe only, to
assist in determination of whether vacuuming without wet wiping would result in acceptable
cleaning. However, application of both horizontal and vertical wet wipe was tested in Units 3B
and 3C.
Application of both horizontal and vertical wet wiping in Unit 3B was consistent with the
procedures called for relative to testing of Scope A, Lower Manhattan Cleaning Procedures.
(Attachment F).
Unit 3C was selected for additional tests of the use of both horizontal and vertical wet wiping.
The unit was selected for the following reasons:
• The apartment was heavily impacted by WTC dust
• The apartment was fully furnished and contained many personal belongings, and
• he test of vacuuming method called for use of equipment without HEP A filter or AFD.
Additionally, the resident had expressed the intention to return.
1.3 Use of Swiffer® Brand Cloths
EPA opted to evaluate use of Swiffer® brand cloths for application of wet wipe. Swiffer® brand
cloths were utilized during the cleaning of residential unit 5D.
2. SCOPE A- LOWER MANHATTAN CLEANING PROCEDURES
See Attachment F.
1
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Attachment C
Site Map
-------
Base Map of Lower Manhattan
110 Liberty St.*
o60 s
PROl
Map Date: March 14,2003
-------
Attachment D
Floor Plans
-------
BASEMENT
LIBERTY STREET
LEGEND:
AREA NAME
CLEANING METHOD(S)
NOTATION
AREA DESCRIPTION BOX
20 30 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1"=20"
STAIR
STAIR -
BARBER SHOP
4A. 4E
NON-STUDY
FOOD EXCHANGE
RESTAURANT
BASEMENT
4A
NON-STUDY
TRASH
COMPACTOR
ROOM
4A
ELEVATOR
SHAFT
4A
BELOW GRADE
COMMON AREA
4A
NON-STUDY
MOTOR
ROOM
El
LEMONGRASS
GRILL
4A
NON-STUDY
1
FIRE EQUIPMENT
ROOM
CEDAR STREET
DRA WING STA TUS \DRAFT \ \ FINAL \
PROJECT NO. : 501060 RESPONSE MANAGER: SCOTT WILHELM \ PROGRAM MANAGER:BRADLEY J. CUNNINGHAM \ PROGRAM/CONTRACTS MANAGER: KIM D. BENNETT
SCALE: 1" = 20'
I REV DATE:~NA~
CADD ID: 501060J0
PLOT DATE: 2/10/03 \ CHK BY: K.D.B.
CHK DATE: 2/10/03
REVISION NO.: 0
DRN BY: AML
DRN DATE: 12/9/02 I APPVD BY: K.D.B.
APPVD DATE: 2/10/03
WRS Infrastructure &
Environment, Inc.
925 CANAL STREET, SUITE 7301, BRISTOL, PENNSYLVANIA 19007
PH: (267) 540-0048 FAX: (267) 540-0049
WTC RESIDENTIAL
CONFIRMATION CLEANING STUDY
110 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK
US DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
CONTRACT NO. 68-S2-99-07
DELIVERY ORDER NO. 060
-------
FIRST FLOOR
LEGEND
AREA NAME
CLEANING METHOD(S)
NOTATION
AREA DESCRIPTION BOX
LIBERTY STREET
20 30 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1"=20*
STAIR
THE FOOD EXCHANGE
RESTAURANT
4A. 4D
NON-STUDY
STAIRCASE
CEDAR
4A, 4B
ELEVATOR
SHAFT
4A
STAIR
STAIR
L
LOBBY
LEUONGRASS
GRILL
4A. 4D
NON-STUDY
CEDAR STREET
DRA WING STA TUS \PRAFT \ \ FINAL \
PROJECT NO. : 501060 RESPONSE MANAGER: SCOTT WILHELM \ PROGRAM MANAGER:BRADLEY J. CUNNINGHAM \ PROGRAM/CONTRACTS MANAGER:KIM 0. BENNETT
SCALE: 1" = 20'
I REV DATE:~NA~
CADD ID: 501060_1
PLOT DATE: 2/10/03
CHK BY: K.D.B.
CHK DATE: 2/10/03
REVISION NO.: 0
DRN BY: AML
DRN DATE: 12/9/02
APPVD BY: K.D.B.
APPVD DATE: 2/10/03
WRS Infrastructure &
Environment, Inc.
925 CANAL STREET, SUITE 7301, BRISTOL, PENNSYLVANIA 19007
PH: (267) 540-0048 FAX: (267) 540-0049
WTC RESIDENTIAL
CONFIRMATION CLEANING STUDY
110 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK
US DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
CONTRACT NO. 68-S2-99-07
DELIVERY ORDER NO. 060
-------
SECOND FLOOR
LEGEND
AREA NAME
CLEANING METHOD(S)
NOTATION
AREA DESCRIPTION BOX
LIBERTY STREET
20 30 40
CHRIOPRACTOR'S
OFFICE
4A, 4B, 4C, 4D. 4E
STAIR
STAIRCASE
LIBERTY STREET
4A, 4B
MATTRESS
STORE
4A, 4B, 4C, 40, 4E
ROOF
HALLWAY
4A, 4B
ROOF
APARTMENT
UNIT 2B
3A
ELEVATOR
CABNET/SHAFT
4A
STAIR
u
LAUNDRY
ROOM
STAIRCASE
CEDAR
4A, 4B
APARTMENT
UNIT 2A
IB
CEDAR STREET
DRA WING STA TUS \DRAFT \ \ FINAL \
PROJECT NO. : 501060 RESPONSE MANAGER: SCOTT WILHELM \ PROGRAM MANAGER:BRADLEY J. CUNNINGHAM \ PROGRAM/CONTRACTS MANAGER:KIM D. BENNETT
SCALE: 1" = 20'
I REV DATE:~NA~
CADD ID: 501060_2
PLOT DATE: 2/10/03
CHK BY: K.D.B.
CHK DATE: 2/10/03
REVISION NO.: 0
DRN BY: AML
DRN DATE: 12/9/02
APPVD BY: XX
APPVD DATE: 2/10/03
WRS Infrastructure &
Environment, Inc.
925 CANAL STREET, SUITE 7301, BRISTOL, PENNSYLVANIA 19007
PH: (267) 540-0048 FAX: (267) 540-0049
WTC RESIDENTIAL
CONFIRMATION CLEANING STUDY
110 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK
US DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
CONTRACT NO. 68-S2-99-07
DELIVERY ORDER NO. 060
-------
THIRD FLOOR
LEGEND
AREA NAME
CLEANING UETHOD(S)
NOTATION
AREA DESCRIPTION BOX
LIBERTY STREET
20 30 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1"=20'
APARTMENT
UNIT 3C
1A. 3B
STAIR
\
ROOF
STAIRCASE
LIBERTY
4A, 4B
APARTMENT
UNIT 3D
1A
HALLWAY
4A, 4B
ROOF
APARTMENT
UNIT 3B
SCOPE A
ELEVATOR
SHAFT
4A
STAIR
U'
STAIRCASE
CEDAR
4A, 4B
APARTMENT
UNIT 3A
DAVID BALDWIN
REALTY CO.
2B
CEDAR STREET
DRA WING STA TUS \PRAFT \ \ FINAL \
PROJECT NO. :50806060 RESPONSE MANAGER: SCOTT WILHELM \ PROGRAM MANAGER:BRADLEY J. CUNNINGHAM \ PROGRAM/CONTRACTS MANAGER:KIM D. BENNETT
SCALE: 1" = 20'
I REV DATE:~NA~
CADD ID: 501060_3
PLOT DATE: 2/10/03
CHK BY: K.D.B.
CHK DATE: 2/10/03
REVISION NO.: 0
DRN BY: AML
DRN DATE: 12/9/02
APPVD BY: K.D.B.
APPVD DATE: 2/10/03
WRS Infrastructure &
Environment, Inc.
925 CANAL STREET, SUITE 7301, BRISTOL, PENNSYLVANIA 19007
PH: (267) 540-0048 FAX: (267) 540-0049
WTC RESIDENTIAL
CONFIRMATION CLEANING STUDY
110 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK
US DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
CONTRACT NO. 68-S2-99-07
DELIVERY ORDER NO. 060
-------
FOURTH FLOOR
LEGEND
AREA NAME
CLEANING METHOD(S)
NOTATION
AREA DESCRIPTION BOX
LIBERTY STREET
20 30 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1"=20'
APARTMENT
UNIT 4C
1A
STAIR
L
\
ROOF
STAIRCASE
LIBERTY
4A, 4B
APARTMENT
UNIT 4D
2A
HALLWAY
4A, 4B
ROOF
APARTMENT
UNIT 4B
2B
ELEVATOR
CABNET/SHAFT
4A
STAIR
u
STAIRCASE
CEDAR
4A, 4B
APARTMENT
UNIT 4A
2A
CEDAR STREET
SCALE: 1" = 20'
I REV DATE:~NA~
CADD ID: 501060_4
PLOT DATE: 2/10/03
CHK BY: K.D.B.
CHK DATE: 2/10/03
REVISION NO.: 0
DRN BY: AML
DRN DATE: 12/9/02
APPVD BY: K.D.B.
APPVD DATE: 2/10/03
WRS Infrastructure &
Environment, Inc.
925 CANAL STREET, SUITE 7301, BRISTOL, PENNSYLVANIA 19007
PH: (267) 540-0048 FAX: (267) 540-0049
WTC RESIDENTIAL
CONFIRMATION CLEANING STUDY
110 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK
US DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
CONTRACT NO. 68-S2-99-07
DELIVERY ORDER NO. 060
-------
FIFTH FLOOR
LEGEND
AREA NAME
CLEANING UETHOD(S)
NOTATION
AREA DESCRIPTION BOX
LIBERTY STREET
20 30 40
APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1"=20'
APARTMENT
UNIT 5C
3A, 3B
STAIR
L
HALLWAY
4A. 4B
ROOF
STAIRCASE
CEDAR
4A. 4B
ELEVATOR
SHAFT
4A
STAIR
u
El
STAIRCASE
LIBERTY
4A, 4B
APARTMENT
UNIT 5D
3B
ROOF
APARTMENT
UNIT 5A
3B
CEDAR STREET
SCALE: 1" = 20'
I REV DATE:~NA~
CADD ID: 501060_5
PLOT DATE: 2/10/03
CHK BY: K.D.B.
CHK DATE: 2/10/03
REVISION NO.: 0
DRN BY: AML
DRN DATE: 12/9/02
APPVD BY: K.D.B.
APPVD DATE: 2/10/03
WRS Infrastructure &
Environment, Inc.
925 CANAL STREET, SUITE 7301, BRISTOL, PENNSYLVANIA 19007
PH: (267) 540-0048 FAX: (267) 540-0049
WTC RESIDENTIAL
CONFIRMATION CLEANING STUDY
110 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK
US DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
CONTRACT NO. 68-S2-99-07
DELIVERY ORDER NO. 060
-------
Attachment E
Health and Safety Plan, Changes and Issues
-------
-------
1. Changes to the Health and Safety Plan
As a result of changing conditions and new information gained in the field through analytical
activities, changes were made to the Health and Safety Plan. The changes related to lead
sampling, levels of protection, and use of personal protective equipment. A memorandum
concerning detection of cristobalite interference in laboratory results was also incorporated.
(See Attachment E).
1.1 Lead Sampling
Air sampling to characterize for exposure of personnel to lead was discontinued on July 24,
2002, because lead in air concentrations consistently presented below the OSHA Action Limit of
30 ug/m3. (29CFR 1926.62).
1.2 Level of Protection
Levels of personal protective equipment (PPE) were changed to reflect exposure measurements.
An addendum to the Health and Safety Plan was prepared to address this on September 17, 2002.
The table below presents the PPE assignments by task, pursuant to original and the amended
Health and Safety Plan.
1.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) By Task
Locution
Task
Original
Revised
ppi:
PPI:
Exclusion
1.
Surveying and prep of previously cleaned areas
Level C- Vi face
Level C- Vi face
Zone
2.
Surveying and prep of areas not previously cleaned
Level C PAPR
Level C PAPR
3.
Vacuuming with non-HEPA-filtered equipment
Level C PAPR
Level C PAPR
4.
Vacuuming with HEPA-filtered equipment in
Level C- Vi face
Level C- Vi face
previously cleaned areas
5.
Wet wiping following non-HEPA vacuuming
Level C- Vi face
Level C- Vi face
6.
Wet wiping following HEPA vacuuming
Level D+
Level D+
7.
Cleaning equipment using air and vacuum
Level C PAPR
Level C PAPR
8.
Removing/ changing vacuum bags and filters
Level C PAPR
Level C PAPR
9.
Re-cleaning units w/HEPA vacuuming and
New Task
Level D+
supporting personal air sampling results
10.
Re-cleaning units w/ non-HEPA vacuuming
New Task
Level C- Vi face
11.
Re-cleaning units w/HEPA vacuuming without
supporting personal air sampling results
New Task
Level C- Vi face
1.4 Use of Goggles
Goggles were assigned for Levels D and D+ because of concerns that irritation of employee's
eyes might result from airborne fiberglass. Once it was determined that eye irritation was not
occurring, safety glasses were substituted.
1
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Health and Safety Issues
-------
1. Health and Safety Issues
1.1 Electrical Concerns
All areas of the building were inspected to ensure that no electrical concerns posed a threat to the
safety of employees. In the Food Exchange, live, loose hanging electrical wires were found.
Electricity at the panel box was shut off and the wires in question were taped.
1.2 Building Repairs
A damaged hand rail in the Liberty Street stairwell was reinstalled to ensure the safety of
personnel. All other repairs made prior to commencement of the work related to building access.
1.3 Building Access
The only access concern related to broken windows in the Chiropractor's Office. In order to
prevent unauthorized access, which could potentially pose risks to both public health and to
equipment used in the study, plywood panels were installed over the broken windows.
1.4 Rodent Infestation
In the process of inspecting to identify safety concerns, evidence of rodent infestation was
discovered (droppings). The building owner was advised of the problem and contacted an
exterminator.
1.5 Personal Monitoring
Every morning, the Site Health and Safety Officer calibrated the personal pumps. The initial
flow, pump start time, pump serial number, date, location of pump, and sample number were
recorded. Personal pumps are typically worn by employees to collect air samples that are
representative of what the employees are experiencing while working. Given the space
constraints of the work areas and the number of parameters to be measured, the majority of
exposure measurements were made using area samples.
Pumps for the three parameters were mounted on five-foot tripod stands, in lieu of being worn by
the employees. The Site Health and Safety officer collected media blanks at a rate of 10% of
samples. At the end of the day, the stand was disassembled and the final flow rate and finish
time were recorded. The total volume was calculated and the samples were packaged and
forwarded to EPA's contracted laboratory. The laboratory is accredited for analysis of lead and
silica by the American Industrial Hygiene Association and by the NVLAP for asbestos. The air
samples were analyzed by the laboratory for asbestos, using one or both of the following
procedures: PCM /TEM.
Sampling for airborne lead ceased on July 24, 2002, after consistent results of non-detectable
1
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concentrations. Sampling for asbestos and silica continued throughout the project to the extent
commensurate with the task and crew size.
1.6 Work Zones
Upon commencement of the study, the building condition was assessed for the purpose of
establishing work zones. Determination of work zones was made with consideration of
boundaries that would maximize work productivity while facilitating pre and post sampling
efforts. The demarcation of zones was accomplished to ensure the health and welfare of
personnel and third parties. The Site Health and Safety Officer supervised the demarcation of
zones. Space at the site was extremely limited, forcing continuous re-designation of the support
zone, contamination reduction zone and the personnel decontamination area throughout the
project. At any given time, the exclusion zone consisted of the area or areas then being cleaned;
the contamination reduction zone and the personnel decontamination zone changed accordingly.
Typically, because the walls of the apartment units offered inherent boundaries, the room or area
configuration served as the delineation.
The Support Zone
As noted previously, space constraints at the site presented difficulty, resulting in ongoing re-
designation of work zones. The purpose of the support zone is to provide an area for support and
communications to operations personnel. Initially, the support zone was designated as an area
outside of the building, adjacent to the entrance vestibule on Cedar Street, while office functions
were accomplished from a hotel several blocks away. The site Health and Safety Officer
conducted daily safety meetings in the outdoor area to establish project procedures and controls,
and to communicate changes. After being cleaned, the entrance vestibule was designated as part
of the support zone. A third support zone was located on the second floor after it had been
cleaned. This support zone occupied the north end of the enclosed hallway area between the
Chiropractor's Office and the Mattress Store, and extended into apartment 2B, where an on-site
office was established. (This unit was cleaned and sampled prior to use.) The outdoor area, the
vestibule and the second floor area were all utilized as support zones until completion of the
project.
The Exclusion Zone and The Contamination Reduction Zone
The exclusion zone was identified as the areas of the building then requiring cleaning. These areas
were designated with a unit number or a common area reference. All personnel, tools, and small
equipment passed into and out of the exclusion zone through the contamination reduction zone. The
purpose of the contamination reduction zone is to provide a defined area for reduction of any
contamination potentially sustained in the exclusion zone. The contamination reduction zone was
relocated appropriately as the exclusion zone focal area changed.
The contamination reduction zone was initially established in the stairway landing area, near the
elevator, adjacent to the vestibule on the first floor. Personnel suited with personal protective
equipment in the vestibule. They unsuited in the area at the bottom of stairs, before re-entering
the vestibule. As the job progressed, the contamination reduction zone was located adjacent to
the areas being cleaned.
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The Personnel Decontamination Area
The personnel decontamination area was located directly inside the contamination reduction
zone. In this area, personnel disrobed of personal protective wear that was subsequently bagged
and disposed. The personnel decontamination area was supplemented with other safety
precautions such as: a portable eye wash station, a first aid kit and fire extinguishers placed at
various locations through out the building.
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WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT, INC.
SITE-SPECIFIC HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
USEPA REGION II
Emergency Response and Rapid Response Service
WTC Pilot Cleaning Evaluation
110 Liberty Street
New York, NY
Submitted to:
USEPA REGION II
Prepared by:
WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT, INC.
925 Canal Street, Suite 3701
Bristol, PA 19007
WRS Project Number: 501060
Document No. 501060-001
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WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT, INC.
SITE-SPECIFIC HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
USEPA REGION II
Emergency Response and Rapid Response Service
WTC Pilot Cleaning Evaluation
New York, NY
Submitted to:
USEPA REGION II
Prepared by:
WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT, INC.
925 Canal Street, Suite 3701
Bristol, PA 19007
WRS Project Number:
Prepared by:
Reviewed by:
Reviewed by:
Date:
Doug Nelson CIH, CHMM
WRS Corporate Health and Safety Manager
Date:
Scott Wilhelm
WRS Response Manager
Date:
Dan Harkay
EPA On Scene Coordinator
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1.0 INTRODUCTION 6
1.1 Purpose, Scope and Applicability of the Site Specific Health and Safety Plan 6
1.2 Revisions to the Plan 6
2.0 KEY PERSONNEL AND RESPONSIBILITIES 7
2.1 Key Personnel 7
2.2 Responsibilities 7
2.2.1 Response Manager 7
2.2.2 Site Safety and Health Officer (SSHO) 7
2.2.3 WRS Health and Safety Manager (HSM) 8
2.2.4 Foreman, Operators, and Technicians 8
3.0 SITE AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 9
3.1 Site Description 9
3.2 Project Description 9
4.0 HAZARD ANALYSIS 10
4.1 General Hazard Analysis 10
4.1.1 Physical Hazards 11
4.1.2 Chemical Hazards 12
5.0 PERSONNEL TRAIING REUIREMENTS 13
5.1 General 13
5.2 Pre-Assignment and Annual Refresher Training 13
5.3 Project Supervisors Training 13
5.4 Health and Safety Plan Review 13
5.5 Daily Safety Meetings 13
5.6 Asbestos Training 14
5.7 Lead Training 14
6.0 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 14
6.1 Specific Levels of Protection Planned for the Project 14
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6.2 Ensemble Components 15
6.3 Application 15
6.4 Inspection 16
6.5 Respirator Cartridge Change-out Schedule 16
7.0 MEDICAL SURVILLANCE REQUIREMENTS 16
7.1 General 16
7.2 Site Specific Medical Monitoring 16
7.3 Substance Abuse Prevention 16
7.4 Asbestos 17
7.5 Lead 17
8.0 AIR SURVEILLANCE 17
8.1 Monitoring 17
8.2 Action Limits 17
8.3 Am Sampling 17
9.0 SITE CONTROL MEASURES 19
9.1 Control Zones 19
9.2 Site Communications Plan 19
9.3 Sanitation Facilities 19
10.0 DECONTAMINATION PLAN 21
10.1 Levels Of Decontamination Protection Required For Assisting Personnel 21
10.2 Equipment Decontamination 21
10.3 Personnel Decontamination 21
10.3.1 Procedure 21
10.3.2 Equipment 21
10.4 Disposition of Decontamination Wastes 21
11.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN 22
11.1 Pre-Emergency Planning 22
11.2 Personnel Roles and Lines of Authority 22
11.3 Emergency Recognition/Prevention 22
11.4 Emergency Equipment/Facilities 23
11.5 Fire or Explosion 23
11.6 Spill or Leaks 23
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX A HEALTH AND SAFETY FORMS
APPENDIX B HEAT STRESS
APPENDIX C WRS LOCKOUT/ TAGOUT SOP
APPENDIX D WRS FALL PROTECTION SOP
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose, Scope and Applicability of the Site Specific Health and Safety Plan
Purpose of this site specific Health and Safety Plan (HASP) is to identify anticipated hazards and
the control measures to be implemented at the WTC Pilot Cleaning Evaluation in New York
City, hereafter known as the Site. The procedures presented in this HASP are based on the best
available information at the time of the plan's preparation, and are intended only for the activities
described in this plan.
The Plan applies to all WRS Infrastructure & Environment, Inc. (WRS) employees, and
subcontractor employees. All personnel prior to entering the exclusion zone or contamination
reduction zone (decontamination zone) must review and sign this plan. All personnel on site
shall be informed of the site emergency response procedures and any potential fire, explosion,
health, or safety hazards of the project tasks/operations. This HASP summarizes those hazards in
Section 4.0 and defines hazard control measures planned for the site.
All visitors entering the contamination reduction zone and exclusion zone at the site will be
required to read and verify compliance with the provisions of this HASP. In addition, visitors
will be expected to comply with relevant OSHA requirements. Visitors will be expected to
provide their own personal protective equipment unless the USEPA specifies otherwise. In the
event that a visitor does not adhere to the provisions of this HASP, he/she will be requested to
leave the work area.
The requirements and protocols cited in this plan were developed in consideration of current
safety standards as defined by EPA/OSHA/NIOSH, health effects and standards for known
contaminants, and procedures designed to account for the potential for exposure to unknown
substances. Specifically, the following reference sources were consulted in developing this plan:
• OSHA General Industry and Construction Standards.
• EPA Standard Operating Safety Guides.
• NIOSH/OSHA/USCG/EPA Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines.
• NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
• EPA Draft Work Plan
• EPA Provided Sample Analytical Data
1.2 Revisions to the Plan
Revisions to this plan may be made in response to changes or unexpected conditions not
described in this Plan. All revisions to this plan shall be documented on a Field Procedures
Change Authorization form (Appendix A), approved by the WRS H&S Manager.
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2.0
KEY PERSONNEL AND RESPONSIBILITIES
2.1 Key Personnel
The following personnel have principal responsibility for the implementation , maintenance and
oversight of health and safety measures during site activities.
Job Function
Name
Phone
Alternate Phone
WRS Response Mgr.
Scott Wilhelm
610-220-8481
WRS Program Mgr.
Brad Cunningham
PE
267-540-0048
215-796-0337
WRS H&S Mgr.
Doug Nelson
CIH, CHMM
770-469-6522
678-296-1267
2.2 Responsibilities
2.2.1 Response Manager
The Response Manager is responsible for health and safety "performance" in the field. The Site
Response Manager can temporarily halt work at any time if, in his/her opinion, it is necessary to
protect the health and well being of site workers or the general public. Specific responsibilities
of the Response Manager include:
• Directing site activities in accordance with the HASP.
• Being aware of and complying with all applicable federal, state, and local occupational
health and safety regulatory requirements.
• Ensuring that resources called for in the HASP and Work Plan/Operations Plan are on
site and operational.
• Verifying that all permits, supporting documentation and clearances for a given task
(e.g., utility surveys, health and safety plan, confined space entry permits) are in place.
• Informing the appropriate site management and safety personnel of the activities to be
performed each day.
• Providing technical advice during routine operations and emergencies.
• Handling field emergency response situations that may arise.
• Correcting unsafe acts and conditions.
• Participating in pre-job and daily safety meetings.
2.2.2 Site Safety and Health Officer (SSHO)
The Site Safety and Health Officer (SSHO) has responsibility for ensuring that provisions of
each HASP are implemented in the field by all WRS employees and subcontractor employees.
The SSHO must be trained to implement the requirements in the site specific HASP, including
the correct use of monitoring instruments, health and safety criteria for the site, documentation of
monitoring results, and actions to take if site conditions change.
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The designated SSHO shall continuously evaluate the adequacy of prescribed health and safety
procedures and levels of protection against the actual conditions encountered in the field. If an
obvious discrepancy exists between the realized hazard(s) and the level of personal protective
equipment (either too much or too little), the SSHO shall immediately bring the situation to the
attention of the WRS Health and Safety Manager (HSM). With the concurrence of the HSM and
the Response Manager, the SSHO shall take appropriate corrective action. The SSHO has final
on-site authority for all matters specifically related to worker health and safety, and emergency
situations that require immediate action, including the authority to temporarily cease operations.
Additional responsibilities of the SSHO include:
• Monitoring site activities for unsafe acts and conditions and initiating their correction.
• Monitoring project and site activities for conformance to the site specific HASP.
• Overseeing confined space entries and ensuring that all confined space entries are done in
accordance with the requirements found in the WRSIE standard operating procedures
(SOP's) for confined space entry.
• Performing on-site air monitoring and personal sampling as specified in the site specific
HASP.
• Calibration of instruments.
• Maintenance of health and safety equipment and supplies.
• Ensuring that all work-related injuries and illnesses are properly treated and investigated.
• Conducting safety briefings and daily safety meetings.
• Maintaining documentation in support of the HASP.
• Participating in a pre-job safety briefing with project personnel to discuss anticipated hazards
and their control measures.
2.2.3 WRS Health and Safety Manager (HSM)
The WRS Health and Safety Manager (HSM) shall be responsible for implementing an
effective hazardous waste operations health and safety program. The HSM shall have the
requisite authority to implement the procedures set forth in the WRS Health and Safety Manual
for Hazardous Waste Site Activities, including the authority to temporarily halt work on a project
if necessary, to protect employees' safety or health. The HSM may delegate certain duties to the
SSHO or to other WRS personnel, but shall be ultimately responsible for the following:
• Overseeing the employee medical surveillance program and interacting with examining
physicians as required
• Investigating site histories, performing site characterizations, and assessing site/task
specific hazards.
• Developing or assessing task specific monitoring procedures, action levels, levels of
personal protective equipment (PPE), and health and safety requirements for the site and
the HASP.
• Performing periodic site inspections/audits.
• Following to resolution all deficiencies noted during site inspections, and,
• Resolve "level of care" conflicts that may arise during conduct of the project.
2.2.4 Foreman, Operators, and Technicians
All site personnel share responsibilities for health and safety. Specific duties include:
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• Conducting work in accordance with the HASP.
• Participating in daily safety meetings/planning.
• Prompt reporting of all incidents and potential health and safety-related problems.
3.0 SITE AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 Site Description
The Site is located at 110 Liberty Street. It is five stories with 12 residential and six commercial
spaces. It has been unoccupied since 9/11/01. The building was severely impacted in the WTC
collapse. Dust and debris were deposited in the building, windows were blown out, as well as
skylights. Residential spaces, the basement and the roof of the building were professionally
cleaned shortly after the collapse. Two of the commercial spaces have "inches" of dust and all
residential spaces have experienced varying degrees of dust re-deposition.
Rental spaces range in size from 1,000 to 1,300 square feet. They are open in design and consist
of a kitchen, bathroom and sleeping area. Each space is heated by an individual hot water
baseboard system. Window or roof mounted air conditioners are present in the residential space,
central air systems are present in commercial spaces Unit 1 and 2. Rental spaces are accessible
through from Liberty and Cedar Streets through common hallways. Floors are accessible via an
elevator and stairs. Each floor has a trash compactor room and utility room. A laundry room is
located on the 2nd floor. The basement contains the building trash compactor, elevator well,
electric motor rooms, preparation and storage areas or the Chinese restaurant and a hair salon.
3.2 Project Description
The project's objective includes evaluating the effectiveness of various cleaning procedures that
may have been used in the residential spaces. The study will include 12 residential spaces and 3
commercial spaces. The two restaurants ad hair salon are not a part of the study, but will be
cleaned at the completion of the study. Eight cleaning techniques will be evaluated:
1. Vacuuming with non-HEPA vacuums
2. Vacuuming with non-HEPA vacuums with Negative Air Machines (NAM)
3. Vacuuming with non-commercial HEPA vacuums
4. Vacuuming with non-commercial HEPA vacuums with NAM
5. Vacuuming with commercial HEPA vacuums
6. Vacuuming with commercial HEPA vacuums with NAM
7. Vacuuming heavy dust laden areas with commercial HEPA vacuums and 2 NAMs
8. Vacuuming heavy dust laden areas with commercial HEPA vacuums and 2 NAMs with
vertical surface wet wiping and carpet shampooing.
Each cleaning technique will be evaluated on two rental units.
Activities will include the following:
• Mobilization to site
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• Establishing Support Area and Facilities
• Assist with photo documentation and resident visits
• Isolate study areas from common areas (plastic sheeting and adhesive tape)
• Clean common areas (HEPA vacuum and wet wipe horizontal surfaces)
Hallways,
Building entry ways,
Laundry rooms,
Stairs and wells,
Elevator well, roof mechanical room, interior and lobby,
Trash compactor and utility rooms (5), and
Basement
• Clean previously cleaned areas using the techniques to be evaluated
• Clean areas not previously cleaned using the techniques to be evaluated
• Clean non-study areas
• Dispose of wastes
• Decontaminate cleaning equipment
• Demobilization
4.0 HAZARD ANALYSIS
The evaluation of hazards is based upon the knowledge of project background information
presented in Section 3, and anticipated risks posed by the specific tasks/operations to be
performed. Section 4 presents a general description of project hazards. Section 4.2 describes the
specific hazards associated with each task/activity, and identifies the hazard control measures to
be implemented during completion of these tasks.
4.1 General Hazard Analysis
Potential/ Anticipated Hazards
CHEMICAL
YES
SLIPS, TRIPS, & FALLS SAME
LEVEL
YES
ASBESTOS
YES
SLIPS, TRIPS, & FALLS
DIFFERENT LEVEL
YES
FIRE/ EXPLOSION
NO
HEAVY EQUIPMENT/
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
YES
HEAT STRESS
YES
OVERHEAD HAZARDS
YES
MACHINERY/
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
YES
ELECTRICAL/ UTILITY
HAZARDS
YES
NOISE
YES
CONFINED SPACE
NO
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4.1.1 Physical Hazards
Noise - vacuums produce noise exposures in excess of the permissible exposure limit (90dBA).
Operators of these pieces of equipment must wear hearing protection (plugs). Others working in
the same room/ area must wear hearing protection as well.
Ambient temperatures - capable of producing either heat are expected to impact the projec. The
WRS SOP for Heat Stress Management is included as an Appendix B.
Motor vehicles - obey local traffic laws, use qualified drivers in insured vehicles. Seatbelt use is
mandatory.
Flame, Heat or Spark Producing Operations - The use of flame, heat or spark producing
equipment (e.g., cutting or welding torches and abrasive saws) is prohibited.
High or Elevated Work - All work near an unprotected side or edge (no handrail) which would
allow a fall to a lower level of six feet or more will be performed using fall protection (e.g., body
harness and lifeline). Fall protection equipment will provide continuous protection. Workers in
aerial lift baskets will utilize full body harnesses with lanyards attached to the man basket. See
the WRS Standard Operating Procedure for Fall Protection (Appendix D)
Electrical Safety - Ground fault protection devices (GFCI) will be provided for all electric power
tools and extension cords. Vacuums directly (no extension cord) plugged into the building's
outlets are exempt from this requirement when the outlet has been tested and verified to provide
adequate grounding. Voltage detectors may be used to facilitate electrical safety. The WRS
Lockout/ Tagout SOP (Appendix C) will be applied specifically to cleaning the elevator, and
generally to activities specified in the SOP
Eye Protection - Eye protection is mandatory in all areas of the project site at all times. Eye
protection will conform to ANSI Standard Z87.
Head Protection - Hardhats will be worn when overhead hazards exist and when the hazard of
an employee bumping his head on an overhead object exists.
Floor Holes - cover floor holes in the building.
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4.1.2 Chemical Hazards
SI bstance
i:\posi re
LIMIT
(Im:d
11)1.11
LEVEL
MEAL I II El 1 EC I S
ROl I E Ol
ENTRY
I IRSI All) By
Route of Exposure
Polycyclic
Aromatic
Hydrocrbons
(PAHs)
0.2 mg/m3
80
mg/m3
Dermatitis, bronchitis,
potential occupational
carcinogen
Inhalation,
Contact
Eye: irrigate
immediately, Skin:
soap wash
promptly
Lead
0.050 mg/m3
100
mg/m3
Weak, insomnia,
gingival lead line,
abdominal pain,
irritated eyes
Inhalation
Ingestion
Eye: irrigate
immediately, Skin:
soap wash
promptly
Crystalline
silica
Respirable
10 mg/m3/%
Si02 +2
50
mg/m3
Cough, pain with
breathing, wheezing,
decreased pulmonary
function, silicosis,
cancer oflung
Inhalation
Eye: irrigate
immed.
Breath: fresh air
Asbestos
0.1 fiber/cc
NA
Asbestosis, pain with
breathing, restricted
pulmonary function,
finger clubbing, lung
cancer
Inhalation
Ingestion
Contact
Eye: irrigate
immed.
Breath: fresh air
SI BSTANCE
EM'OSl RE
LIMIT
(I'EI.)
11)1.11
LEVEL
MEAL I II El 1 EC I S
ROl I E Ol
ENTRY
I IRSI All) By
Route ol' Exposure
Dioxin (1,1,2,2-
Tetrachloro-
debenzo-p-
dioxin)
None
None
Eye irritation, allergic
dermatitis, chloracne,
digestive disturbances,
possible reproductive
effects, in animals
produces liver/ kidney
damage, cancer
Inhalation
Ingestion
Contact
Eye: irrigate
immed.
Skin wash with
soap/ water
Breath: fresh air
Swallow: med
attention
Man Made
Vitreous
Fibers (aka
fiberglass and
glass wool)
15 mg/m3
(total)
5 mg/m3
(respirable)
None
Irritation of eyes skin
nose, throat, pain with
breathing
Inhalation
Contact
Eye: irrigate
immed.
Breath: fresh air
Gypsum
(calcium (II)
sulfate
dihydrate)
15 mg/m3
(total)
5 mg/m3
(respirable)
None
Irritation of eyes, skin,
mucous membranes,
upper respiratory
system, coughing,
sneezing, runny nose
Inhalation
Contact
Eye: irrigate
immed.
Breath fresh air
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Concentrations of these materials in bulk samples collected to date include:
• Asbestos <1% (reported as chrysotile)
• Lead up to 300 ppm
• MMVF up to 40%
• Dioxin up to 0.088 ppb
• PAHs up to 340 ppm
• Crystalline silica (quartz) up to 10%
• Gypsum up to 14%
5.0 PERSONNEL TRAINING REUIREMENTS
5.1 General
All project personnel are trained in accordance with OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.120 Hazardous Waste
Operations and Emergency Response Standard. At a minimum, all personnel are required to be
trained to recognize the hazards on-project, the provisions of this HASP, and the personnel
responsible for safety on the project.
5.2 Pre-Assignment and Annual Refresher Training
Non required other than and orientation to the site including a walkthrough. All employees
should have their current 8-hr annual refresher training and be medically qualified to wear a
respirator.
5.3 Project Supervisors Training
Consistent with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 paragraph (e)(4), individuals designated as Project
Supervisors receive an additional 8 hours of training in addition to the 40 hr certification.
5.4 Health and Safety Plan Review
Prior to working on the project, each person will review the HASP and will have the opportunity
to ask questions of the Project Health and Safety Officer about the plan's contents. After
reviewing the HASP, WRS employees and subcontractor employees will sign the HASP Review
Sign-Off (Safety Briefing form) located in Appendix A.
5.5 Daily Safety Meetings
Project safety meetings will be conducted daily. The meeting will cover:
• The work to be completed.
• Hazards associated with the work, and,
• Hazard control measures to be implemented.
WRS subcontractor employees and their supervisor(s) are required to attend.
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5.6 Asbestos Training
The clean up of the dust in this building is an unclassified task because the material does not
contain enough asbestos (<1%) to be considered Asbestos Containing Material (ACM).
Therefore the training requirements at 29 CFR 1926.1101 (k)(9)(viii) apply. There is no
minimum or maximum time allotted for completion of this training only a list of subjects to be
covered. Employees performing dust removal activities will have training that meets or exceeds
these requirements.
5.7 Lead Training
Lead is present in the dusts to be removed. Lead training is required at 29 CFR 1926.62 (1) when
employee exposures exceed the Action Limit of 30 ug/m3. Because the dust removal methods
are designed to minimize the aerosolization of the dust, and the low concentrations (< 300 ppm),
it is not anticipated that Action Limit will be reached and lead training will therefore not be
necessary. An exposure assessment will be used to verify this assumption.
6.0 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
This section describes the specific levels of protection required for each task to be conducted at
the project. The general requirements of the EPA designated Levels of Protection (A-D) are
described in the WRS Health and Safety Program Manual. The level of protection to be worn by
field personnel will be monitored by the IHSO.
6.1 Specific Levels of Protection Planned for the Project
PPE assignments are task specific. Table 6.1 on the following page lists task specific PPE levels.
These levels are disqualified for use if air surveillance indicates that the upper action limit for the
level of protection being used is exceeded.
Table 6.1: Levels of Protection
Location
Job Function/Task
PPE
Exclusion Zone
• Surveying and prep of previously cleaned
areas
• Surveying and prep of areas not
previously cleaned
• Vacuuming with Non-HEPA filtered
equipment
• Vacuuming with HEPA filtered
equipment in previously cleaned areas
• Wet wiping following non-HEPA
vacuuming
• Wet wiping following HEPA vacuuming
• Cleaning equipment using air and vacuum
• Removing/ Changing vacuum bags/ filters
Cl/2
CPAPR
CPAPR
Cl/2
Cl/2
D+
CPAPR
CPAPR
Support Zone
Project Management Activities
Materials Storage
D
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6.2 Ensemble Components
LevelD
This is the basic work uniform and shall consist of the following items:
• Safety glasses
• Steel-toed boots
• Hearing protection (as applicable)
• Leather gloves
Level D+
• Safety glasses
• Disposable coverall (Tyvek or Kleengaurd)
• Disposable head covering
• Disposable undergarments
• Disposable gloves
• Disposable boot covers or reusable/ cleanable boots (e.g., PVC, latex)
• Steel toe boots
• Hearing protection
• Skin Barrier Cream for preventing fiberglass dermatitis (North Brand Model 222 available
from Lab Safety)
LevelC
• Air Purifying Respirator (1/2 mask or full face PAPR)
• PI00 Cartridges
• Disposable coverall (Tyvek or Kleengaurd)
• Disposable head covering
• Disposable undergarments
• Disposable gloves
• Disposable boot covers or reusable/ cleanable boots (e.g., PVC, latex)
• Steel toe boots
• Hearing protection
• Skin Barrier Cream for preventing fiberglass dermatitis (North Brand Model 222 available
from Lab Safety)
6.3 Application
Table 6.1 details the anticipated levels of protection for different tasks. However, project
developments may prompt changes in the levels of PPE. Proper notification of the IHSO, HSA,
and WRS Project manager is required to ensure continued safe operations.
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NO CHANGES TO THE SPECIFIED LEVELS OF PROTECTION SHALL BE MADE
WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDGE AND APPROVAL OF THE NORTHEAST SAFETY
AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATOR, WRS PROJECT HEALTH AND SAFETY
OFFICER, AND THE WRS PROJECT MANAGER.
6.4 Inspection
Before protective equipment is worn within the project area, its user will properly inspect it.
6.5 Respirator Cartridge Change-out Schedule
PAPR cartridges will be changed out when flow rate indicator (a.k.a. rotameter) measures
unacceptably low flows. APR cartridges will be changed out when breathing becomes difficult
or daily whichever comes first.
7.0 MEDICAL SURVILLANCE REQUIREMENTS
7.1 General
WRS utilizes a Medical Monitoring Program designed to determine each employee's health
status and fitness (including the ability to utilize respiratory protection) for working at hazardous
waste sites. All WRS personnel involved in hazardous waste project activities are required to
undergo baseline, annual, and project specific examinations. WRS utilizes the services of
physicians experienced in occupational medicine and the effects of toxic industrial substances.
Medical surveillance records for WRS employees are retained for the length of employment plus
30 years.
7.2 Site Specific Medical Monitoring
No site specific medical monitoring is anticipated beyond that required under the Heat Stress
Management SOP.
7.3 Substance Abuse Prevention
It is the policy of WRS to provide quality products and services to its customers and to maintain
a safe and healthy workplace by assuring a work environment free of alcohol and other drugs.
The unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensation, possession, use or presence in one's
system of a controlled substance is prohibited in the workplace. Any employee who is in
violation of this policy will be subject to disciplinary action up to and including discharge. Help
is available to employees who have substance abuse problems through the Employee Assistance
Program.
Federal law also requires that an employee of WRS notify WRS in writing of a conviction under
a criminal drug statute for a violation occurring during the performance of work under a covered
federal procurement. This project is covered. Such notifications must be made through the WRS
Health and Safety Manager.
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7.4 Asbestos
The medical surveillance program outlined under 7.1 of this Plan includes the medical
surveillance components required by the Asbestos Standard at 29 CFR 1926.1101(m).
7.5 Lead
Blood lead and ZPP monitoring are required by 29 CFR 1926.62(j) when airborne exposures
exceed the Action Level of 30 ug/m3. Because the dust removal methods are designed to
minimize the aerosolization of the dust, and the low concentrations (< 300 ppm), it is not
anticipated that Action Limit will be reached and blood lead/ ZPP monitoring will therefore not
be necessary. An exposure assessment will be used to verify this assumption.
8.0 AIR SURVEILLANCE
This section specifies the surveillance activities that will take place during the project.
Surveillance activities will achieve the following objectives:
• Characterize breathing zone (BZ) concentrations of site contaminants for comparison
with published exposure limits;
• Determining the appropriateness of respiratory protective equipment; and,
• Monitoring the performance of emission control activities.
8.1 Monitoring
The usefulness of real time monitoring of respirable dust in this work environment is unknown to
WRS. Collecting this data alongside air sampling activities may "calibrate" future real-time
respirable dust monitoring and the establishment of Action Limits. WRS will perform real-time
respirable dust monitoring to instruct the crew in relative dust levels. There will be no respirable
dust Action Limits until or unless air-sampling data is available for comparison with real-time data.
8.2 Action Limits
None initially.
8.3 Air Sampling
Personal air sampling for lead, asbestos, and silica will be performed. Samples will be collected
from the breathing zones of employees using the following NIOSH Methods. Analysis of
samples will be made using NIOSH analytical method as well to facilitate comparisons with
exposure limits.
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Method
Flow Rate
Sample Train Media
7300 Lead
2 liters per minute
minimum sample volume to
achieve detection limits 50
liters
37 mm cellulose ester membrane
(0.8 micron) Closed Face
7400 Fibers (Asbestos and
Man Made Vitreous Fibers
MMVF)
2 liters per minute**
minimum sample volume to
achieve detection limits -
400 liters
25 mm cellulose ester membrane
(pore size 0.45 - 1.2 microns)
with conductive cowl. Open face
7500 Respirable Silica/
Calcite/ Gypsum*
1.7 liters per minute**
minimum sample volume to
achieve detection limits -
400 liters
37 mm PVC membrane (pore
size 5 micron) with 10 mm nylon
cyclone
• This methods requires that a bulk respirable or settled dust sample be submitted with personal
breathing zone sample to identify interferences with detection method.
**These methods are sensitive to filter over loading. Length of sampling period should not
exceed 4 hours. Use multiple sample periods to represent entire shift exposure.
Samples will be collected on individuals performing tasks representative of exposure conditions.
Specifically the following tasks will be characterized:
• Common area cleaning;
• Non-HEPA vacuuming; and,
• Cleaning of areas not previously cleaned.
Sample pumps will be pre- and post sample period calibrated using a sample train in-line
between the pump and calibration unit to simulate pressure drop posed by the sample train.
Calibrations will be made with a primary calibration device (e.g., film flow calibrator or near
frictionless piston).
Sample results will be communicated by the SHSO to employees represented by the sample data
within five days of receipt on the WRS Air Sampling Data Acknowledgement Form. This data is
forwarded to the WRS H&S Manager for inclusion in the employee's medical file.
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9.0 SITE CONTROL MEASURES
9.1 Control Zones
Control boundaries will be established at the site. The exclusion zone, contamination reduction
zone (decontamination zone) and support zone will be designated. A decontamination corridor
will separate the Support areas of the project site from exclusion zones. The corridor should be
split down the middle with a control line. One side of the corridor is for clean entry into
exclusion zones and the other side is for decontamination of personnel and equipment. It may be
necessary to protect the support zone from fugitive dust by placing it under positive pressure
with the exhaust of a Negative air machine.
The Response Manager has been designated to coordinate access control on the work site. No
unauthorized person shall be allowed beyond the contamination control line. During all
activities in the exclusion zone, the implementation of a buddy system is mandatory.
Standing orders for the exclusion zone and contamination reduction zone are presented on the
following page.
9.2 Site Communications Plan
Hand signals, radios, and mobile telephones are the modes of communication to be used at the
site. The Response Manager will review hand signals with all site personnel prior to the start of
the project and periodically at daily safety meetings. Standard hand signals include:
ACTION
MEANING
Hands around throat
- out of air/can't breathe
Thumbs up
- OK/yes
Thumbs down
- negative, no
Hands on top of head
- need assistance
Grip partner's wrist/waist
- leave area immediately
No one will be permitted to break visual contact while in the exclusion zone or contamination
reduction zone. The buddy system will be strictly adhered to. When working in the exclusion
zone, personnel will not be allowed to work alone. The buddy system will be in place to provide
aid in case of an emergency.
A telephone will be available in the support zone. Emergency assistance telephone numbers will
be posted by this telephone. The Project Manager is responsible for the management of
communications during normal and emergency operations.
9.3 Sanitation Facilities
Sanitation facilities will be located within the support zone. They will include hand and face
washing facilities and toilets.
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Standing orders for the exclusion zone and contamination reduction zone are as follows:
•
No smoking, eating, or drinking in these zones. Eating, drinking, chewing gum or tobacco, smoking, or
any practice that increases the probability of liand-to-mouth transfer and ingestion of any material is
prohibited in any area designated as a contamination reduction zone or exclusion zone.
•
No horse play.
•
No matches or lighters in these zones.
•
Check-in on entrance to the contamination reduction zone. Check-out on exit from this zone. Entrance
and exit locations shall be designated and emergency escape routes delineated. Warning signals for site
evacuation have been established.
•
Implement the communications system. Communications using radios, hand signals, signs, or other
means shall be maintained between work crew members at all times. Emergency communication shall
be prearranged in case of radio failure, necessity for evacuation off site, or other reasons.
•
Maintain visual contact between exclusion zone entrants.
•
Wear the appropriate level of protection as defined in the site specific Health and Safety Plan.
•
Work will only be performed during daylight hours unless adequate lighting is available.
•
Contact with known or suspected contaminated surfaces should be avoided. Whenever possible, there
will be no walking through puddles or discolored surfaces; kneeling on ground; or leaning, sitting or
placing equipment on drums, containers, or the ground.
•
Prescribed drugs should not be taken by personnel where the potential for absorption, inhalation, or
ingestion of toxic substances exists, unless specifically approved by a qualified physician.
•
All respirator wearers must be certified as being capable of wearing respiratory protection (physician's
approval, fit tested) while performing their assigned tasks. All respirator wearers must have been fit
tested, within the past 12 months, with the make and size respirator to be worn. No facial hair is
allowed that would interfere with respirator fit.
•
Work areas for all operational activities shall be clearly established and clearly delineated in the site
specific Health and Safety Plan.
•
Work areas and decontamination procedures shall be established based on expected site conditions and
clearly delineated in the site specific Health and Safety Plan.
Personnel and equipment in the exclusion zone(s) will be minimized, consistent with effective site operations.
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10.0 DECONTAMINATION PLAN
Decontamination of equipment and personnel will be performed to limit the potential migration
of contaminants outside the exclusion zone. All equipment and personnel will be
decontaminated prior to leaving the exclusion zone.
10.1 Levels Of Decontamination Protection Required For Assisting Personnel
The level of protection required for personnel assisting with decontamination is one level below
that of the person being decontaminated. The Industrial Hygiene and Safety Officer is
responsible for monitoring decontamination procedures and determining their effectiveness.
10.2 Equipment Decontamination
All vacuums and Negative Air Machines will have filters and pre-filters removed and disposed of
before demobilization. They will also be wet wiped. The Response Manager and SHSO are
responsible for ensuring the cleanliness of equipment prior to leaving the site. Any other
equipment not disposed of after the job will be wet wiped.
10.3 Personnel Decontamination
10.3.1 Procedure
All site personnel should minimize contact with contaminants in order to reduce the need for
extensive decontamination. Personnel decontamination will be conducted in the
decontamination zone. Gross decontamination for PPE Levels C and D+ will include:
1.
Vacuum coverall/ boots with HEP A vacuum
2.
Remove coveralls and dispose
3.
Remove boot covers and dispose (alternate: rinse boots/ remove and
hang for drying)
4.
Remove gloves and dispose
5.
Remove respirator
6.
Wash/rinse respirator (inside and out) and hang for drying
7.
Rinse hard hat (inside and out)
Personal hygiene following decontamination will take place in the support zone.
10.3.2 Equipment
Personal decontamination equipment will consist of trashcans with liners (for disposable PPE),
three-gallon containers (respirator wash, sanitize and rinse), water supply, and detergent.
10.4 Disposition of Decontamination Wastes
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All equipment used for decontamination shall be decontaminated or disposed of properly.
Aqueous liquids will be disposed according to the Site Work Plan. All disposable PPE will be
containerized and properly disposed.
11.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN
This Emergency Response Plan has been prepared to define the responsibilities, resources and
actions necessary to respond to uncontrolled releases of contaminated materials and injury to
personnel.
11.1 Pre-Emergency Planning
This Emergency Response Plan will be reviewed and revised on a regular basis (if necessary) by
the IHSO. This will ensure that the plan is adequate and consistent with prevailing project
conditions.
Local emergency medical, fire, and police resources will be identified.
11.2 Personnel Roles and Lines of Authority
The Project manager has primary responsibility for responding to and correcting emergency
situations. This includes taking appropriate measures to ensure the safety of project personnel
and the public.
The individual subcontractor organizations are responsible for assisting the Project manager in
his/her mission within the parameters of their scope of work.
11.3 Emergency Recognition/Prevention
Section 4.0 identifies the chemical and physical hazards on project. Additional hazards that may
result from project activities are listed in Table 11.1. This table also lists prevention and control
techniques/mechanisms. Personnel will be familiar with techniques of hazard recognition from
pre-assignment training and project specific briefings. The IHSO is responsible for ensuring that
prevention devices or equipment are available to personnel.
Table 11.1: Emergency Recognition/Control Measures
Potential Hazard
Prevention/Control
Location of Response Equipment
Fire
• Fire Extinguisher (15 lb. dry
chemical)
• Ignition source control
• Hot Work Prohibited
• One per floor
Eyewash Facility
• 15 Minute Drench
• At Building Entrance
Delayed Building Exit
• Mark routes of exit
• Do not block stairs/ exits
• All stairways/ exits
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11.4 Emergency Equipment/Facilities
• First aid kit
• Fire extinguishers
• Telephone
The following safety equipment and materials will be maintained on project.
Safety Equipment
\ iiill her
Item
1
Industrial First Aid Kit
1
Fire Extinguisher per floor
1
Eyewash Station
In the event of an injury requiring more than minor first aid, or any employee reporting any sign
or symptom of exposure to hazardous substances, immediately take the victim to a local
emergency medical provider. In the event of life-threatening or traumatic injury, implement
appropriate first aid and immediately call for emergency medical assistance. If the patient's
condition is serious first aid should be administered while awaiting an ambulance or paramedics.
When an individual(s) is being transported to a clinic or hospital for treatment, the Project
manager, or IHSO should ensure that information on the chemical(s) the individual(s) have been
exposed to at the project is taken. This information, which is included in Section 4.0, could also
be given to the hospital during project set-up activities. Any vehicle used to transport
contaminated personnel will be treated and cleaned as necessary.
11.5 Fire or Explosion
In the event of a fire or explosion, the local Fire Department should be summoned immediately.
Upon their arrival, the Project manager or designated alternate will advise the fire commander of
the location, nature, and identification of the hazardous materials on project.
The IHSO shall act as the designated project emergency coordinator and shall have final
authority for initial response to on-project emergency situations. Upon arrival of the appropriate
emergency response personnel, the IHSO shall defer all authority but shall remain on the scene to
provide assistance, if necessary. At the earliest opportunity, the IHSO shall contact the Project
manager.
11.6 Spill or Leaks
In the event of a spill or a leak, project personnel will:
• Inform the Project manager immediately
If a leak occurs containment procedures will begin if possible. Simultaneously, the source of the
spill will be stopped if it is still releasing material Air monitoring should be conducted
downwind. The WRS Representative will be responsible for any reporting procedures that are
required as a result of the spill.
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110 LIBERTY ST
New York Univ Downtown Hosp
170 William Street
New York, NY, 10038
212-312-5000
Figure 11-1
Route to Hospital
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS AND HOSPITAL ROUTE
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE TELEPHONE LIST
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE
ORGANIZATION
TELEPHONE NUMBER
New York University Downtown Hospital
170 William Street
New York, NY 10038
212-312-5000
AMBULANCE/RESCUE SQUAD
911
FIRE
911
LOCAL POLICE
911
WRS BRISTOL OFFICE
267-540-0048
WRS H&S Manager
770-469-6522
CHEMTREC (24 HOURS)
(800) 424-9300
U. S. COAST GUARD NATIONAL
(800) 424-8802
RESPONSE CENTER (NRC)
EPA OSC Communications
732-689-0019
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APPENDIX A
HEALTH AND SAFETY FORMS
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1. Accident/Incident Report
2. Daily Safety Meeting Form
3. Training Attendance Record
4. Qualitative Respirator Fit Test and Inspection Form
5. Daily Safety Report
6. SSHP Change Authorization
7. SSHP Sign-Off
8. Air Monitoring Log
9. Quantitative Respirator Fit Test Form
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WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT, INC.
INJURY/ILLNESS/INCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORT (OSHA 301 Form Equivalent)
Supervisor Complete Both Pages/Forward to Branch and WRS H&S Manager within 48 hrs./Supervisor's Manager Review for
Completeness
Personal & Background Information
1. Case Number | 2. Soc. Sec. No. | 3. Name (Last name, first initial) I 5. Date of Birth
6. Gender
~ M ~ F
7. Date of Hire
8. Job or Site Name
9. Job Number
11. Time of Accident
12. Time Employee
Began Work
13. Date of Accident
14. Date Reported
15. Number of Others
Involved in Accident
16. Occupation at Accident Time
17. Regular Occupation
18. Number of Others
Injured in Accident
19. Nature Of Injuries (Bruise, Strain, etc.)
20. Injured Body Part (left index finger)
21. Names of Others Involved in Accident
22. Names of Others Injured in Accident
23. Chemicals Involved in Accident
24. Exact Location of Accident
(Sketch on Back)
25. On WRS Premises?
~ Yes ~ No
26. Activity Injured was doing at time of accident or illness (operating backhoe, unloading drums, etc.)
—Try to Identify job in three words
27. What Occurred (Use single line descriptive sentences to tell the story of what occurred)
28. Check Type of Accident (Check one)
~ a. Struck by
~ c. Contacted by ~ e. Trapped in
~ g Caught between Di Different level fall ~ k. Exposure
29. Accident Agent (Limit to 21 spaces)(i.e., equipment, machine, hand tool)
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
30. Contact Agent (Limit to 22 spaces)(i.e., machine part or material
contacting)
31. UNSAFE ACTIONS - What did employee do or fail to do that
caused or contributed to accident? (Check no more than 2, give details
on reverse)
32. UNSAFE CONDITIONS - What condition of tools, equipment
or job site caused or contributed to accident? (Check no more than 2,
give details on reverse)
~ a. Operating without authority ~ i. Failure to make inoperative
~ b. Failure to make secure ~ j. Riding hazardous equipment
~ c. Operating unsafe speed ~ k. Took unsafe position
~ d. Failure to warn/signal ~ I. Horseplay, distractive
~ e. Nullified safety device ~ m. No protective equip, worn
~ f. Used defective equipment ~ n. Unsafe job procedure
~ g. Used equipment unsafely ~ o. No unsafe action
~ h. Used wrong tool ~ p. Other
~ a.Inadequate guard/Safety device ~ h. Close clearance/congestion
~ b. Hazardous personal attire ~ i. Hazardous arrange/storage
~ c. Inadequate warning system ~ j. Defective tools/equipment
~ d. Fire or Explosion hazard ~ k. Atmospheric condition
~ e. Unsecured against movement ~ I. Illumination/noise
~ f. Poor housekeeping ~ m. Other unsafe condition
~ g. Protruding object ~ n. No unsafe condition
33. What caused or influenced unsafe actions vou identified
above? (Answer only if item 32 applies. Check no more than 2)
34. What caused or influenced unsafe condition vou identified
above? (Answer only if item 33 applies. Check no more than 2)
~ a. Unaware of job hazards ~ h. Influence of emotions
~ b. Inattention to hazard ~ i. Influence of fatigue
~ c. Unaware of safe method ~ j. Influence of intoxicant/drugs
~ d. Low level job skill ~ k. Defective vision
~ e. Tried to gain or save time ~ I. Influence of illness
~ f. Tried to avoid extra effort ~ m. Other personal factors
~ g. Tried to avoid discomfort ~ n. Unknown personal factors
~ a. Caused by employee ~ h. Preventive maintenance failure
~ b. Defective from normal use ~ i. Defective tools/equipment
~ c. Defective via abuse/misuse ~ j. Exposure to corrosion
~ d. Safety inspection failure ~ k. Extreme temperature
~ e. Housekeeping/cleaning failure ~ I. Caused by other employees
~ f. Faulty design/construction ~ m. Other source cause
~ g. Inadequate illumination ~ n. Unknown source cause
35. What action has been taken (Mark Xbox) or is planned (Mark P box) to prevent recurrence: (Mark no more than 5)
x p x p
~ ~a. Reinstruction of employee ~ ~ h.
~ ~ b.Reprimand/warning of employees involved ~ ~ i.
~ ~ c. Penalty discipline of employee involved ~ ~ j.
~ ~.Preventive instruction of others who do job ~ ~ k.
~ ~ e. Job reassignment of employee ~ ~ I.
~ ~ f. Improved inspection procedure ~ ~ m
Action to improve enforcement
Order JSA done on job
Order JSA revision
Install safety guard against
Require protective equipment
. repair/replace equipment
X P
~ ~ o. Improve design/construction
~ ~ p. Eliminate congestion
~ ~ q. Use safer Materials/supplies
~ ~ r. Improve illumination/ventilation
~ ~ s. Mandatory pre-job instructions
~ ~ t. Correction other than above
36. Immediate Supervisor (Last name first, first initial)
37. Employee's Signature
38. Investigated by (Names and positions) Date
39. Reviewed and approved by (Name and position) Date
Part 1. Accident Description and Direct Cause Analysis
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WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT, INC.
INJURY/ILLNESS/INCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORT (OSHA 301 Form Equivalent)
Supervisor Complete Both Pages/Forward to Branch and WRS H&S Manager within 48 hrs./Supervisor's Manager Review for
Completeness
1. What Occurred
Describe in sequence (1) relevant background information if any, (2) employee's location and position relative to immediate surroundings, (3)
how employee was doing job, (4) what occurred that precipitated the accident, (5) the type of accident and contact agent.
2. Contributing "Unsafe" Action What did the injured (or other
person) do or fail to do that contributed directly to accident? Be
specific.
(Ex., Failed to use protective equipment, Failed to lock out machine)
Don't report "Carelessness."
3. Contributing "Unsafe" Condition What defective or otherwise
unsafe conditions of tools, equipment, machines, structures or work
equipment contributed directly to accident?
(Ex., Oil on floor, Broken or missing machine guard, Poor housekeeping)
Part 2. Corrective Action Must Be Taken
4. Required Corrections
What corrective actions will be taken to prevent recurrence of accident? See Reverse Side, Item 35, for basic correction ideas.
(Ex., Job Safety Analysis (JSA), Training, Employee counseling, Machine Guarding)
Part 3. Witnesses:
Part 4. Accident Location Sketch
N
*
Part 5. Extent and Outcome of Injury/Illness
Lost Time Case Restricted Duty Case Restrictions:
- Date Lost Time Began: / / Date Restriction Began: / /
- Date Lost Time Ended: / / Date Restriction Ended: / /
Medical Treatment
- Name of Hospital or Clinic:
- Name of Physician:
Describe Treatment:
Was employee treated in an Emergency Room? Yes ~ No ~ Was employee hospitalized overnight as an in-patient? Yes ~
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WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT, INC.
DAILY SAFETY MEETING
Date: Job Name:
1. Work to be completed:
2. Hazards Associated with this work:
3. Hazard control measures to be implemented:
SAFETY TOPICS PRESENTED
Protective Clothing/Equipment:
Chemical Hazards:
Physical Hazards:
Emergency Procedures:
ATTENDEES
NAME PRINTED SIGNATURE
WRS INFRASTRUCTURE &
ENVIRONMENT, INC.
-001 WRS Infrastructure and Environment, Inc.
TRAINING ATTENDANCE RECORD
29
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Class Title:
Class Content:
Class Instructor(s):.
Date:
ATTENDED BY
NAMES (PRINTED) SIGNATURES
Instructor(s) Signature:.
Date(s):
cc: Corporate File
Branch File
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WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT. INC.
RESPIRATOR FIT TESTING & INSPECTION
NAME
TITLE
EMPLOYEE NO.
DATE
SERVICE CENTER
HOOD/ ENCLOSURE MAY NOT BE USED WITH IRIITANT SMOKE.
IRRITANT SMOKE FIT TESTING:
No. of Squeezes Activity
Seal Obtained
Total Squeezes
Type of Cartridge used
Type of respirator
Size of respirator
RESPIRATOR INSPECTION:
Head Straps
Face to Mask Sealing Surface
Exhalation valves/cover/stems/bodies
Action Taken to Correct Deficiencies:
Reaction
Initial
Yes
No
Head/Neck Motion
Yes
No
Motion/Talking
Yes
No
Motion/Deep Breathing
Yes
No
ok / not ok Inhalation valves/stems/bodies ok / not ok
ok / not ok Canister holder gasket/ threads ok / not ok
ok / not ok Lens ok / not ok
Fit Test/ Inspection performed by:_
Employee signature: _
Date
Date
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WRS INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENT, INC.
Daily Safety Report
Project:
Contract No.:
WRS Project No.:
Date:
SHSO:
PM:
Supervisor:
Site Conditions (weather, temp., soil conditons, etc.):
Task/ Personnel/ PPE Matrix
Task/Area
Personnel
PPE Level
Corrective Actions
Unsafe Act/ Condition
Corrective Action
Signature: Date:
SHSO
Attachments:
! Air Surveillance Log ! Accident Report ! Daily Safety Meeting ! Other ! None
Page of
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WRS Infrastructure & Environment, Inc.
H&S Plan Change Authorization
Project Name: Date:
Project Number:
Description of Change:
Person requesting Change: Signature Date
Approved By Signature Date
(WRS Health and Safety Administrator)
Attach sheets if necessary
-------
SAFETY BRIEFING
Project Name: Date:
The following personnel were present at the pre-job safety briefing and having read the Health and Safety
Plan, are familiar with its provisions, and will abide by the procedures set forth in this plan:
Name Signature
Printed name of Site Supervisor or Site Health and Safety Officer
Signature
Date
-------
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WRS Infrastructure & Environment, Inc.
Air Monitoring Log
Project Site:
Project No.
Date:
Level of Protection:
Description of Site (e.g. weather, temp., soil conditions):
1 ns( ru men 1:
1 ns( ru men 1
Response:
1. oca (ion:
lime:
(oin mollis:
Calibration Data (e.g. type & gas concentration, instrument adjustments if any):
Additional Notes:
Siganature: Date:
(Health and Safety Officer)
WRS Infrastructure & Environment, Inc.
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WRS Infrastructure & Environment, Inc.
Quantitative Fit Testing Certificate
Employee
Name: Date:
Employee
Dept.: No.:
Quantitative Fit Testing Device: DNI Nevada Fit Tester 3000 (Controlled Negative Pressure)
Test Parameters
Work Rate: Heavy 300 kcal/ hr.
Mask Type: Full Face or Half Face
Manufacturer:
Model:
Size:
Cartridge Type: Hi (Combination)
Challenge Pressure: " H20
Breathing Rate: LPM
Gender:
Minimum Passing Fit Factor: 500
18 Step Protocol Exercises & Tests
Step 1: Breathing 60 seconds
Step 10: Test Face Forward
FF: Test Q:
Step 2: Test Face Forward
FF: Test Q:
Step 11: Grimace 20 seconds
Step 3: Move Head Side to Side 60 seconds
Step 12: Test Face Forward
FF: Test Q:
Step 4: Test Face Left
FF: Test Q:
Step 13: Bend at Waist 30 seconds
Step 5: Test Face Right
FF: Test Q:
Step 14: Test Face Forward
FF: Test Q:
Step 6: Move Head Up & Down 60 seconds
Step 15: Jog in place 30 seconds
Step 7: Test Head Up
FF: Test Q:
Step 16: Test: Face Forward
FF: Test Q:
Step 8: Test Head Down
FF: Test Q:
Step 17: Re-don Respirator 60 seconds
Step 9: Reading 30 seconds
Step 18: Test Face Forward
FF: Test Q:
Average of Fit Test Exercises
Average % Leak: Test Quality: Equivalent Fitactor:
Employee Signature: Date:
Tester's Signature: Date:
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APPENDIX B
HEAT STRESS
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WRS Heat Stress Management Standard Operating Procedure
1.0 PURPOSE
2.0 SCOPE
3.0 DEFINITIONS
4.0 RESPONSIBILITIES
5.0 PROCEDURE
6.0 REFERENCES
7.0 ATTACHMENTS
8.0 RECORD KEEPING
9.0 EQUIPMENT
CONTENTS
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WRS Heat Stress Management Standard Operating Procedure
1.0 PURPOSE
The Heat Stress Management SOP is intended to describe measures which will reduce the probability of workers
experiencing a heat related disorder.
2.0 SCOPE
The Heat Stress Management SOP is applicable to all WRS project sites. Its implementation is mandatory when
workers wearing impermeable personal protective equipment are exposed to ambient air temperatures above 70°F.
3.0 DEFINITIONS
Stress can contribute significantly to accidents or harm workers in other ways.
The term "stress" denotes the physical (gravity, mechanical force, heat, cold, pathogens, injury) and psychological
(fear, anxiety, crises, joy) forces that are experienced by individuals.
They body's response to stress occurs in three stages:
a. Alarm Reaction - The body recognizes the stress and the pituitary-adreno-cortical system responds
by increasing the heart rate and blood sugar level, decreasing digestive activity and dilating the
pupils.
b. Adaptive Stage - The body repairs the effect of stimulation and stress symptoms disappear.
c. Exhaustion Stage - The body can no longer adapt to stress and the individual may develop
emotional disturbances and cardiovascular and renal diseases.
The most common types of stress that affect remediation personnel are heat stress and cold stress. Heat and cold
stress can be the most serious hazards an employee encounters at hazardous waste sites.
Heat Stress usually is a result of protective clothing decreasing natural body ventilation, although it may occur at any
time work is being performed at elevated temperatures.
If the body's physiological processes fail to maintain a normal body temperature because of excessive heat, a number
of physical reactions can occur ranging from mild (such as fatigue, irritability, anxiety, and decreased concentration,
dexterity, or movement) to fatal. Because heat stress is one of the most common and potentially serious illnesses at
hazardous waste sites, regular monitoring and other preventative measures are vital.
Site workers must learn to recognize and treat various forms of heat stress.
4.0 RESPONSIBILITIES
The Project Manager/ Supervisor is responsible for directing work in accordance with this procedure when
implementation conditions are met. The PM is also responsible for providing resources necessary for
implementation of the procedure.
The Site Health and Safety Officer is responsible for monitoring and facilitating employee compliance with the
procedure. The SHSO is responsible for instructing employees in the recognition and control of heat related
illnessess.
5.0 PROCEDURE
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WRS Heat Stress Management Standard Operating Procedure
5.1 Symptom Recognition and Treatment
A large portion of heat stress control lies in the ability of an individual to recognize heat stress symptoms in
themselves and co-workers. Early recognition and treatment of heat stress symptoms can prevent the development of
more serious, debilitating and even life threatening conditions.
5.1.1 Heat Stroke
Heat stroke is an acute and dangerous reaction to heat stress caused by a failure of the heat regulating mechanisms of
the body. The individual's temperature control system that causes sweating stops working correctly. Body
temperature rises so high that brain damage and death will result if the person is not cooled quickly. Heat stroke
requires medical attention.
a. Symptoms - Red, hot dry skin, although person may have been sweating earlier. Nausea,
dizziness, confusion, extremely high body temperature, rapid respiratory and pulse rate,
convulsions, unconsciousness, or coma.
b. Treatment - Cool the victim quickly. If the body temperature is not brought down fast, permanent
brain damage or death will result. Soak the victim in cool, but not cold, water; sponge the body
with cool water; or pour water on the body to reduce the temperature to a safe level (102°F).
Observe the victim and obtain medical help. Do not give coffee, tea, or alcoholic beverages. Do
give fluids by mouth if victim is in and out of consciousness
5.1.2 Heat Exhaustion
Heat exhaustion is a state of very definite weakness or exhaustion caused by the loss of fluids from the body. This
condition is much less dangerous than heat stroke, but it nonetheless must be treated.
a. Symptoms - Pale, clammy moist skin, profuse perspiration and extreme weakness. Body
temperature is normal, pulse is weak and rapid, breathing is shallow. The person may have a
headache, may vomit, and may be dizzy.
b. Treatment - Remove the person to a cool, air-conditioned place, loosen clothing, place in a head-
low position, and provide bed rest. Consult a physician, especially in severe cases. The normal
thirst mechanism is not sensitive enough to ensure body fluid replacement. Have the patient drink
one to two cups of water immediately and every 20 minutes thereafter until symptoms subside.
Total water consumption should be about one to two gallons per day.
5.1.3 Heat Cramps
Heat cramps are caused by perspiration that is not balanced by adequate fluid intake. Heat cramps are often the first
sign of a condition that can lead to heat stroke.
a. Symptoms - Acute painful spasms of voluntary muscles: e.g., abdomen and extremities.
b. Treatment - Remove the victim to a cool area and loosen clothing. Have the patient drink one to
two cups of water immediately and every 20 minutes thereafter until the symptoms subside. Total
water consumption should be one to two gallons per day. Consult your physician.
5.1.4 Heat Rash
Heat rash is caused by continuous exposure to heat and humid air and is aggravated by chafing cloths. The condition
decreases the ability to tolerate heat.
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WRS Heat Stress Management Standard Operating Procedure
a. Symptoms - Mild red rash, especially in areas of body in contact with protective gear.
b. Treatment - Decrease the amount of time in protective gear and provide powder to help absorb
moisture and decrease chafing.
5.2 Heat Stress Prevention Measures
What follows is a list of heat stress prevention measures which reduce the risk of an employee experiencing a heat
related disorder. They are in no particular order. Successful heat stress prevention will require the implementation
of all the control measures listed to varying degrees. No single control measure will prove to be either effective nor
efficient for a given project site.
5.2.1 Fluid Replacement
Have workers drink 16 ounces of water before beginning work, such as in the morning or after
lunch. Provide disposable, four ounce cups and water that is maintained at 50 to 60°F. Urge
workers to drink one to two gallons per day. To assist employees track their own fluid
replacement, provide individual water coolers/ containers, fill the containers each day, and check
consumption at the end of the day. The use of paper cups and a single cooler for the entire job site
are difficult for both supervisors and employees to track. Provide cool, preferably air-conditioned,
area for rest breaks. Discourage the use of alcohol in nonworking hours and discourage the intake
of coffee during working hours. Monitor for signs of heat stress.
Use of electrolyte containing fluids (e.g., Gatorade) is more important for unacclimatized workers
than acclimatized workers.
5.2.2 Acclimate Crew Members
Acclimatization is the process by which the body adapts to heat stress. Changes
include increased sweating efficiency (earlier onset of sweating, increased sweat
production, lower electrolyte loss) and stabilized blood circulation (less likelihood
of blackout, dizziness, spots, etc.) It occurs with brief (-100 minutes) daily
exposures to heat in 5 -7 days. Benefits of acclimatization are typically lost with
no heat exposure for a week or more.
5.2.3 Reduce Heat Load (both environmental and metabolic)
Provide cooling devices to aid body cooling (i.e., Cool Vests). These devices, however, add
weight, and their use should be balanced against worker efficiency.
Evaporative cooling is aided by clothing which wicks away perspiration from the skin. Long
cotton underwear acts as a wick to help absorb moisture and protect the skin from direct contact
with heat-absorbing protective clothing. However, long cotton underwear is of no use and can
aggravate heat stress symptoms once it becomes soaked with perspiration.
Install mobile showers and/or hose-down facilities to reduce body temperature and cool protective
clothing.
In hot weather, conduct field activities in the early morning or evening.
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WRS Heat Stress Management Standard Operating Procedure
Reduce metabolic heat load by designing tasks such that employee exertion is kept
to a minimum
Reduce environmental heat loads by reducing radiant heat exposure (sunshine).
Working in shaded areas and taking breaks in shaded areas will reduce heat loads
due to radiant heat.
5.2.4 Employee Rotation
In hot weather, rotate shifts of workers wearing impervious clothing. On project sites with large
crews, stagger heat stress breaks so that tasks are not completely shut down. On sites with small
crew sizes this may not be possible due to the "buddy system" rule.
5.2.5 Dry Clothing and Personal Hygiene
Good hygienic standards must be maintained by frequent changes of clothing and showering.
Clothing should be permitted to dry during rest periods. Persons who notice skin problems should
immediately consult medical personnel.
5.2.6 Avoid Diuretics and Stimulants
Avoid consuming alcoholic beverages which cause loss of body fluid water by urination. Avoid consumption of
stimulants such some cold medicines and caffiene which increase heart rates.
5.2.7 Heat Stress Monitoring and Work/ Rest Cycle Management
For strenuous field activities that are part of on-going work activities in hot weather, the following procedures shall
be used to monitor the body's physiological response to heat and to manage the work/ rest cycle. These procedures
are to be instituted when ambient temperatures exceed 70°F and employees are wearing impervious (i.e., does not
allow perspiration to evaporate) clothing (e.g., Tyvek, Saranex, PE Coated Tyvek, etc., coveralls).
a. Measure Heart Rate (HR) - The heart rate should be measured by the radial pulse at the wrist for
30 seconds as early as possible in the resting period. The HR at the beginning of the rest period
should not exceed 110 beats per minute. If the HR is higher, the next work period should be
shortened by 33%, while the length of the rest period stays the same. If the pulse rate still exceeds
110 beats per minute at the beginning of the next rest period, the following work cycle should be
further shortened by 33%. The procedure is continued until the rate is maintained below 110 beats
per minute.
b. Measure Body Temperature - Body temperature should be measured orally or aurally by a clinical
thermometer as early as possible in the resting period. The temperature (OT) at the beginning of
the rest period should not exceed 99.6°F, if it does, the next work period should be shortened by
33% while the length of the rest period stays the same. If the OT exceeds 99.6°F at the beginning
of the next period, the following work cycle should be further shortened by 33%. The procedure is
continued until the body temperature is maintained below 99.6°F. Consuming fluids immediately
prior to temperature measurement will give false, low readings. No one will continue to be
exposed to hot conditions with an oral/ aural temperature in excess of 100.6°F.
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WRS Heat Stress Management Standard Operating Procedure
c. Rest Areas - Rest areas should be air conditioned if possible. The heart rates of workers who
recover in air conditioned areas will be reduced faster and to lower rates than those that recover in
non-air conditioned areas.
d. Manage Work/Rest Schedule - The following work/rest schedule shall be used as a guideline:
Adjusted TemDerature (°F)
Active Work Time Using ImDermeable Protective Gear
75 or less
50
80
40
85
30
90
20
95
10
100
0
To calculate the adjusted temperature:
T (adjusted) = T (actual) + (13 X fraction sunshine)
Measure the air temperature with a standard thermometer. Estimate the fraction of sunshine by judging what percent
the sun is out: 100% sunshine = no cloud cover = 1.0, 50% sunshine = 50% cloud cover = 0.5, and 0% sunshine =
full cloud cover = 0.0.
Reduce or increase the work cycle according to the guidelines under heart rate and body temperature.
6.0 REFERENCES
• Occupational Safety and Health and Guidance Manual for Hazardous Waste Site Activities
• Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Fourth Edition
• OSHA Web Site http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/heatstress/index.html
7.0 ATTACHMENTS
None
8.0 RECORD KEEPING
Records which facilitate the tracking of employee fluid consumption and work/ rest cycles will be generated.
9.0 EQUIPMENT
• Oral thermometers and hygienic slip covers or aural thermometers with hygienic slip covers
• Thermometer to measure air temperature
• Cool water and/ or electrolyte containing fluids (e.g., Gatorade)
• Ice cooled vests
• Materials to create shaded work areas
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APPENDIX C
LOCKOUT/ TAGOUT
WRS STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
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Standard Operating Procedure
Lockout/ Tagout
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1.0 PURPOSE
2.0 SCOPE
3.0 DEFINITIONS
4.0 RESPONSIBILITIES
5.0 PROCEDURE
6.0 REFERENCES
7.0 ATTACHMENTS
8.0 RECORD KEEPING
9.0 EQUIPMENT
CONTENTS
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1.0 PURPOSE
WRS recognizes the hazards of unexpected:
• energization
• machine startup and/or
• release of stored energy
during service or maintenance activities on equipment/machines. The following Standard Operating Procedure: Control of
Hazardous Energy - Lockout/Tagout, has been developed to provide for the isolation of all energy sources that could endanger
employees.
This procedure establishes minimum requirements for the lockout and/or tagout of energy isolating devices and systems. Lockout
and/or tagout shall be used to ensure that all equipment, machinery, systems and facilities are inoperable and isolated from all
potentially hazardous energy. The Lockout/Tagout procedure shall be implemented before employees perform service or
maintenance activities where the unexpected energization, start-up or release of stored energy could cause personal injury and/or
damage to equipment, machinery, facilities or the environment.
2.0 SCOPE
A. Provisions outlined in this SOP include individual responsibilities, instructions for the implementation and removal of
energy control procedures and employee training requirements.
B. Employees Covered - This procedure applies to all WRS employees and sub-contractors to the same.
C. Activities Covered
Service and maintenance activities on machines, equipment, systems and facilities during which the unexpected
energization, start-up or release of stored energy could cause injury to employees must be conducted under the protection
of a Lockout/Tagout SOP.
Operation/Production activities during which an employee must remove or bypass a guard or other safety device, or place
his/her body into an area of machinery/equipment where work is actually performed upon the material being processed
(point of operation) must also be conducted in accordance with a Lockout/Tagout SOP.
D. This SOP is generic in nature and applies to the portion of scenarios described above which meet the following criteria:
1. The machine, equipment or facility component has no potential for stored or residual energy or re-accumulation
of stored energy after shut down which could endanger employees;
2. The machine, equipment or facility component has a single energy source which can be readily identified and
isolated;
3. The isolation and locking out of that energy source will completely de-energize and deactivate the machine,
equipment or facility component;
4. The machine, equipment or facility component is isolated from that energy source and locked out during
servicing, maintenance or site operations;
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5. A single lockout device will achieve a lock-out condition;
6. The lockout device is under the exclusive control of the authorized employee performing the servicing,
maintenance or site operation;
7. The servicing, maintenance or site operation does not create additional hazards for other employees; and
8. Utilization of this procedure has resulted in no accidents involving the unexpected activation or re-energization
of an electrical source during servicing, maintenance or site operations.
E. Activities which do not conform to these criteria must be conducted under equipment/machinery specific lockout/tagout
procedures.
3.0. DEFINITIONS
AFFECTED EMPLOYEES - WRS employee and/or a subcontractor employee whose job includes activities such as
operating machines or equipment on which servicing or maintenance is being performed under lockout or tagout action or
whose job requires the employee to work in an area in which servicing or maintenance or site operations are being
performed.
AUTHORIZED EMPLOYEE - An employee who locks or implements a tagout system procedure on electrical sources to
perform the servicing or maintenance of the equipment, or site operations. An authorized employee and an affected
employee may be the same person when the affected employee's duties also include performing maintenance, service on
machinery/equipment or site operations which must be locked or a tagout system implemented. The authorized employee
shall be properly trained and approved to apply and remove locks and tags.
BLANK - To introduce an obstruction or to replace an opening with a solid surface to prevent flow (e.g. pipeblank).
CAPABLE OF BEING LOCKED OUT - An energy isolating device will be considered to be capable of being locked out
if it has a hasp or other attachment where a lock can be affixed, or has a locking mechanism built in.
DOUBLE ISOLATION - To isolate by closing two valves or inserting a blank within an area of two valves.
ENERGY ISOLATING DEVICE - A physical device which prevents the transmission or release of energy. Examples
include, but are not limited to, restrain blocks, electrical circuit breakers, disconnect switches, slide gates, or line valves.
Where possible, they shall provide visible indication of the position of the device. Push-buttons, selector switches, check
valves, and other portions of the control circuit shall not be considered energy isolating devices.
ENERGY SOURCE - Any source of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, thermal, or other energy.
LOCKOUT - The placement of a lockout device on an energy isolation device, in accordance with an established
procedure.
LOCKOUT DEVICE - A device that utilizes a positive means such as a lock, either key or combination type, to hold an
energy isolating device in the safe "off position for the purpose of protecting personnel.
TAGOUT - The placement of a tagout device on an energy isolation device in accordance with an established procedure.
(See Attachment B for a suggested lockout/tagout tag.)
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Standard Operating Procedure
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Page 4 of 10
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TAGOUT DEVICE - A prominent warning device, such as a tag and a means of attachment which can be securely
fastened to an energy isolating device in accordance with the established procedure.
Tagout devices, including their means of attachment, shall be substantial enough to prevent inadvertent or
accidental removal.
Tagout devices' attachment means shall be of a non-reusable type, attachable by hand, self-locking, and non-
releasable, with a minimum unlocking strength of no less than fifty pounds.
Tagout devices shall have the general design and basic characteristics of being at least equivalent to a one-
piece, all-environment-tolerant nylon cable tie.
ZERO ENERGY STATE - Removal of all potential energy within the designated area of a lockout or tagout.
4.0 RESPONSIBILITY
Appropriate (authorized and affected) employees shall be instructed in the safety significance of the lockout/tagout procedure.
Each new or transferred affected employee and other employees whose work operations are or may be in the area shall be
instructed in the purpose and use of the lockout/tagout procedure.
A. Affected Employees - shall conduct themselves in a manner which does not jeopardize the effectiveness of the
Lockout/Tagout procedure. Assist Authorized Employees in the successful application, use and removal of the
Lockout/Tagout SOP.
B. Authorized Employees - shall be familiar with that particular equipment and processes that are being locked/tagged out,
and with the means and methods to isolate the energy source. Shall conduct service, maintenance and operation activities
covered by this SOP in strict accordance with its provisions.
C. Industrial Hygiene and Safety Officer (IH&SO) - shall provide consultation to Operations Management on determining
the applicability of this SOP to a particular activity. Develop equipment/machinery specific Lockout/Tagout SOPs not
covered under this SOP. Assist Operations Management in determining the effectiveness of this SOP for a particular
activity, conduct and/or coordinate the training of Authorized and Affected Employees. Audit and report on the
effectiveness of the Lockout/Tagout SOP and training activities.
D. Operations Management - shall identify, with IH&SO's assistance, activities covered under this SOP and shall inform
Affected and Authorized employees of same. Shall identify to the IH&SO and provide access to employees in need of
training. Shall assign work activities to Authorized and Affected Employees in accordance with this SOP. Shall identify
to the IH&SO machinery/equipment in need of SOPs beyond the scope of this SOP and assist in their preparation. Shall
inform outside servicing personnel or contractors of this procedure whenever they are engaged in activities covered by
the scope of this procedure.
5.0 PROCEDURE
5.1 TRAINING
Each WRS site/location shall provide training to ensure that the purpose and function of the energy control program are
understood by employees and that the safe application, usage and removal of energy controls are acquired by the employees.
Proper documentation with content and person's signature is required.
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A. The training shall include the following:
1. Each authorized employee shall receive training in the recognition of applicable hazardous energy sources.
2. Each affected employee shall be instructed on the purpose and use of the energy control procedure.
3. All other employees whose work operations are or may be in an area where energy control procedures may be
utilized, shall be instructed concerning the procedure.
B. Additional training requirements when using Tagout Systems shall include the following:
1. Tags are warning devices and do not provide physical restraint as would be provided by a lock.
2. A tag shall not be removed without written approval of the authorized person responsible.
3. Tags must be legible and understandable by all authorized employees, affected employees, and all other
employees whose work operations are in the area.
4. Tags and their means of attachment must be made of materials which will withstand the environmental
conditions.
C. Additional retraining shall be conducted:
1. Whenever there is a change in an employee's job assignment.
2. Based on changing job assignments, methods of control and/or whenever a periodic inspection reveals a
deviation from the energy control procedure.
D. Training on the use of the Energy Control Procedures shall be certified by WRS. The certification shall contain each
employee's name, signature and date of training.
All WRS employees shall receive training sufficient to undertake the activities of an Authorized employee under this
generic SOP.
5.2 APPLICATION OF THE ENERGY CONTROL PROCEDURE
The following steps shall be followed in the application of the lockout or tagout system.
A. Preparation for Shutdown - Authorized and affected employees shall have knowledge of the type and magnitude of the
energy, the hazards of the energy to be controlled, and the method or means to control the energy.
B. Machine or Equipment Shutdown - Machines or equipment shall be turned off or shut down using point of operation
control switches.
C. Machine or Equipment Isolation - The energy isolating device for the machine or equipment shall be physically located
and operated to ensure that the machine or equipment is isolated from the energy source.
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D. Lockout or Tagout Device - The lockout or tagout device shall be affixed to each energy isolating device by authorized
employees. The device shall be affixed in a manner that will hold the energy isolating device in a safe or off position.
E. Full Employee Protection - When a tagout device is used on an energy isolating device which is capable of being locked
out, the tagout device shall be attached at the same location that the lockout device would have been attached, and the
employer shall demonstrate that the tagout program will provide a level of safety equivalent to that obtained by using a
lockout program.
Means to be considered as part of the demonstration of full employee protection shall include the implementation of
additional safety measures such as:
• Removal of an isolating circuit element
• Blocking of a controlling switch
• Opening of an extra disconnecting device
• Removal of a valve handle.
F. Stored Energy - All potentially hazardous stored or residual energy shall be relieved, disconnected and rendered safe.
G. Isolation of Energy Verification - Prior to starting work on machines or equipment, the authorized employee shall verify
(per Section entitled "Removal of Lockout or Tagout Devices") that isolation and de-energization of the machine,
equipment or electrical source has been accomplished.
5.3 REMOVAL OF LOCKOUT OR TAGOUT DEVICES
Before lockout or tagout devices are removed and energy is restored, the following procedures shall be followed:
A. Employees
• The work area shall be checked to ensure that all employees have been safely positioned or removed from the
area.
• All affected employees shall be notified that the lockout or tagout devices have been removed before any
machine, equipment or electrical source is energized.
B. The Machine or Equipment
• The work area shall be inspected to ensure that all non-essential items have been removed and the machine or
equipment is ready for operation.
C. Removing the Lockout or Tagout Device
• Each lockout or tagout device shall be removed by the authorized employee who applied the device.
5.4 REMOVAL OF LOCKOUT OR TAGOUT DEVICE BY ANOTHER EMPLOYEE
When the authorized employee who applied the lockout or tagout device is not available to remove it, the following procedure
must be in place with specific training for such removal.
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Verily by visual inspection or equivalent that the authorized employee who applied the device is not at the facility.
Make a reasonable effort to contact and notify the authorized employee that the lockout or tagout device has been
removed.
Notify that employee's supervisor.
Before resuming work, ensure that the authorized employee knows that the device has been removed.
5.5 GROUP LOCKOUT OR TAGOUT
When servicing and/or maintenance is performed by a crew, craft or other group, they shall utilize a procedure which affords the
employees a level of protection that is equivalent to that provided by the implementation of a personal lockout device.
Group lockout or tagout procedures shall include the following specific requirements:
• An employee will be assigned primary responsibility as an authorized employee for a set number of employees working
under the protection of a group lockout or tagout device.
• This employee will maintain a roster of group members and their job assignments.
• When more than one crew, craft, or department is involve, assignment of overall job-associated lockout or tagout control
responsibility shall be designated to an authorized employee to coordinate affected work forces and ensure continuity of
protection.
• Each authorized employee shall affix a personal lockout or tagout device to the group lockbox or device, group lockout
box, or comparable mechanism on the machine or equipment being serviced or maintained.
5.6 OUTSIDE PERSONNEL (CONTRACTORS)
• All outside servicing personnel (contractors) and WRS personnel shall inform each other of their respective lockout or
tagout procedures.
• All WRS locations and or facilities shall ensure that the employees understand and comply with the restriction and
prohibitions of the outside contractor's energy control procedures.
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Table I
LOCKOUT OR TAGOUT SEQUENCE
NOTIFY EMPLOYEES
ACTION
Site Supervisor
A. Notifies all personnel affected by the lockout or tagout application and the
reason therefore.
SHUTDOWN PROCESS OR EQUIPMENT
Authorized Employee
A. Turns off or returns operating controls to the neutral mode using
appropriate equipment/process shutdown procedures.
B. Operates switches and/or valves or any other energy isolating device(s) so
that the equipment is isolated from its energy source(s).
PLACE LOCKOUT AND/OR TAGOUT
Authorized employee
A. Applies safety locks and tags in all cases as required to isolate all energy
devices. The lockout or tagout must be visible and accessible to anyone
attempting to operate the isolated device.
VERIFY THE ABSENCE OR CONTROL OF ENERGY
Authorized employee
A. Checks or tests all systems after the lockout and tagging procedures have
been completed to insure that total energy isolation has occurred.
CAUTION: Return operating control to neutral or off position, after verification of
energy isolation.
REMOVE LOCKOUT/TAGOUT DEVICES
Authorized Employee
A. Checks the area around the machine or equipment to ensure that no one is
exposed.
B. Removes all tools from machines or equipment. Ensures all guards have
been reinstalled and employees are in the clear.
C. Ensures that all pipes that were opened for repair or draining purposes are
closed and connected properly.
D. Ensures that all controls are in off position or neutral position.
E. Removes safety locks and/or tags.
F. Operates the energy isolating devices to restore energy to the machine or
equipment
ADMINISTER LOCKOUT/TAGOUT DEVICES
Site Supervisor
A. Maintains a lockout or tagout log at the lock cabinet.
B. Schedules and performs surveillances so that proper lock and tag procedure
is being followed.
C. Schedules and performs audits of the proper lock and tag procedure.
5.7 PROCEDURE INVOLVING MORE THAN ONE PERSON
Each individual working on equipment or processes shall be required to place his/her own personal lockout device or tagout
device on the energy isolating device.
When an energy isolating device cannot accept multiple locks or tags, a multiple lockout or tagout device (hasp) may be used. If a
lockout is used, a single lock may be used with the key being placed in a lockout box or cabinet which allows the use of multiple
locks to secure it. Each employee will use his/her own lock to secure the box or cabinet.
6.0 REFERENCES
• 29 CFR 1910.147
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• OSHA Web Page http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/controlhazardousenergy/index.html
7.0 ATTACHMENTS
• Training Outline
• Sample Tag
8.0 RECORD KEEPING
• Employee training evets
• Inspections of ongoing LOTO's
9.0 EQUIPMENT
• Lockout device (e.g., hasp)
• Lock
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ATTACHMENT A
Training Outline
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CONTROL OF HAZARDOUS ENERGY
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
Training Outline
Hazard Recognition
A. Recognize the Scenario
1. Unexpected Energization
2. Unexpected Machine Startup
3. Release of Stored Energy
4. Our Equipment vs. Our Clients Equipment
5. Suspect Activities
B. Recognize the Energy
1. Electric
2. Hydraulic
3. Pneumatic
4. Mechanical
5. Thermal
6. Chemical
1
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7. Combinations
Hazard Control Standard Operating Procedure
A. Activities Covered
B. Definitions
1. Affected Employees
2. Authorized Employees
3. Blank
4. Capable of Being Locked Out
5. Double Isolation
6. Energy Isolating Device
7. Lockout
8. Lockout Device
9. Tagout
10.
Tagout Device
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11. Zero Energy State
Lockout/Tagout Sequence
1. Notify Employees
2. Shutdown Process or Equipment
3. Place Lockout/T agout Device
4. Verify Obsence or Control of Energy
5. Remove Lockout/T agout Devices
Activities Not Covered by SOP
Removing Another Employee's Lock/Tag
Group Lockout/Tagout
Outside Personnel (Subcontractors, Clients)
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ATTACHMENT B
Tag
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APPENDIX D
WRS FALL PROTECTION
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
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Standard Operating Procedure
Fall Protection
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CONTENTS
1.0 PURPOSE
2.0 SCOPE
3.0 DEFINITIONS
4.0 RESPONSIBILITIES
5.0 PROCEDURE
5.1 Training
5.2 Gaurdrail Systems
5.3 Safety Net Systems
5.4 Personal Fall Arrest Systems
5.5 Positioning Device Systems
5.6 Warning Line Systems
5.7 Controlled Access Zones
5.8 Safety Monitoring Systems
5.9 Covers
5.10 Protection from Falling Objects
5.11 Fall Protection Plans
6.0 REFERENCES
7.0 ATTACHMENTS
8.0 RECORD KEEPING
9.0 EQUIPMENT
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1.0 PURPOSE
This procedure establishes minimum requirements to prevent injuries to employees from
different level falls. It also defines minimum requirements for complying with OSHA's Fall
Protection Standard (29 CFR 1926 Subpart M).
2.0 SCOPE
This procedure applies to all WRS employees and WRS subcontractor employees exposed to the
following workplace conditions:
Unprotected Sides and Edges - employees on walking/working surfaces (horizontal and vertical
surface) with an unprotected side or edge which is 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above a lower level.
Leading Edge Work - employees constructing a leading edge 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower
levels.
Work In Hoist Areas - employees in a hoist area shall be protected from falling 6 feet (1.8 m) or
more to lower levels.
Holes - employees on walking/working surfaces shall be protected from falling through holes
(including skylights) more than 6 feet (1.8 m) above lower levels. Employees on a
walking/working surface shall be protected from tripping in or stepping into or through holes
(including skylights) Employees on a walking/working surface shall be protected from objects
falling through holes (including skylights).
Formwork and Reinforcing Steel - employees on the face of formwork or reinforcing steel shall
be protected from falling 6 feet (1.8 m) or more to lower levels.
Ramps Runways and Other Walkways - employees on ramps, runways, and other walkways shall
be protected from falling 6 feet (1.8 m) or more to lower levels.
Excavations - employees at the edge of an excavation 6 feet (1.8 m) or more in depth shall be
protected from falling by guardrail systems, fences, or barricades when the excavations are not
readily seen because of plant growth or other visual barrier.
Wells, Pits and Shafts - employees at the edge of a well, pit, shaft, and similar excavation 6 feet
(1.8 m) or more in depth shall be protected from falling.
Work Above Dangerous Equipment - employees working less than 6 feet (1.8 m) above
dangerous equipment shall be protected from falling into or onto the dangerous equipment
Employees working 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above dangerous equipment shall be protected from
fall hazards.
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Roof Work - employees engaged in roofing activities on low-slope roofs, with unprotected sides
and edges 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling. Employees
on a steep roof with unprotected sides and edges 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall
be protected from falling.
Precast Concrete Erecetion - employees engaged in the erection of precast concrete members
(including, but not limited to the erection of wall panels, columns, beams, and floor and roof
"tees") and related operations such as grouting of precast concrete members, who are 6 feet (1.8
m) or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling.
Wall Openings - employees working on, at, above, or near wall openings (including those with
chutes attached) where the outside bottom edge of the wall opening is 6 feet (1.8 m) or more
above lower levels and the inside bottom edge of the wall opening is less than 39 inches (1.0 m)
above the walking/working surface, shall be protected from falling.
Walking/ Working Surfaces Not Otherwise Addressed - employees on a walking/working surface
6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling
3.0 DEFINITIONS
Anchorage - means a secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards or deceleration devices.
Body belt (safety belt) - means a strap with means both for securing it about the waist and for attaching it to a
lanyard, lifeline, or deceleration device.
Body harness - means straps which may be secured about the employee in a manner that will distribute the fall arrest
forces over at least the thighs, pelvis, waist, chest and shoulders with means for attaching it to other components of a
personal fall arrest system.
Buckle - means any device for holding the body belt or body harness closed around the employee's body.
Connector - means a device which is used to couple (connect) parts of the personal fall arrest system and positioning
device systems together. It may be an independent component of the system, such as a carabiner, or it may be an
integral component of part of the system (such as a buckle or dee-ring sewn into a body belt or body harness, or a
snap-hook spliced or sewn to a lanyard or self-retracting lanyard).
Controlled access zone (CAZ) - means an area in which certain work (e.g., overhand bricklaying) may take place
without the use of guardrail systems, personal fall arrest systems, or safety net systems and access to the zone is
controlled.
Dangerous equipment - means equipment (such as pickling or galvanizing tanks, degreasing units, machinery,
electrical equipment, and other units) which, as a result of form or function, may be hazardous to employees who fall
onto or into such equipment.
Deceleration device - means any mechanism, such as a rope grab, rip-stitch lanyard, specially-woven lanyard, tearing
or deforming lanyards, automatic self-retracting lifelines/lanyards, etc., which serves to dissipate a substantial
amount of energy during a fall arrest, or otherwise limit the energy imposed on an employee during fall arrest.
Deceleration distance - means the additional vertical distance a falling employee travels, excluding lifeline
elongation and free fall distance, before stopping, from the point at which the deceleration device begins to operate.
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It is measured as the distance between the location of an employee's body belt or body harness attachment point at
the moment of activation (at the onset of fall arrest forces) of the deceleration device during a fall, and the location
of that attachment point after the employee comes to a full stop.
Equivalent - means alternative designs, materials, or methods to protect against a hazard which the employer can
demonstrate will provide an equal or greater degree of safety for employees than the methods, materials or designs
specified in the standard.
Failure - means load refusal, breakage, or separation of component parts. Load refusal is the point where the
ultimate strength is exceeded.
Free fall - means the act of falling before a personal fall arrest system begins to apply force to arrest the fall.
Free fall distance - means the vertical displacement of the fall arrest attachment point on the employee's body belt or
body harness between onset of the fall and just before the system begins to apply force to arrest the fall. This
distance excludes deceleration distance, and lifeline/lanyard elongation, but includes any deceleration device slide
distance or self-retracting lifeline/lanyard extension before they operate and fall arrest forces occur.
Guardrail system - means a barrier erected to prevent employees from falling to lower levels.
Hole - means a gap or void 2 inches (5.1 cm) or more in its least dimension, in a floor, roof, or other
walking/working surface.
Infeasible - means that it is impossible to perform the construction work using a conventional fall protection system
(i.e., guardrail system, safety net system, or personal fall arrest system) or that it is technologically impossible to use
any one of these systems to provide fall protection.
Lanyard - means a flexible line of rope, wire rope, or strap which generally has a connector at each end for
connecting the body belt or body harness to a deceleration device, lifeline, or anchorage.
Leading edge - means the edge of a floor, roof, or formwork for a floor or other walking/working surface (such as
the deck) which changes location as additional floor, roof, decking, or formwork sections are placed, formed, or
constructed. A leading edge is considered to be an "unprotected side and edge" during periods when it is not actively
and continuously under construction.
Lifeline - means a component consisting of a flexible line for connection to an anchorage at one end to hang
vertically (vertical lifeline), or for connection to anchorages at both ends to stretch horizontally (horizontal lifeline),
and which serves as a means for connecting other components of a personal fall arrest system to the anchorage.
Low-slope roof - a roof having a slope less than or equal to 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal).
Lower levels - means those areas or surfaces to which an employee can fall. Such areas or surfaces include, but are
not limited to, ground levels, floors, platforms, ramps, runways, excavations, pits, tanks, material, water, equipment,
structures, or portions thereof.
Mechanical equipment - means all motor or human propelled wheeled equipment used for roofing work, except
wheelbarrows and mopcarts.
Opening - means a gap or void 30 inches (76 cm) or more high and 18 inches (48 cm) or more wide, in a wall or
partition, through which employees can fall to a lower level.
Overhand bricklaying and related work - means the process of laying bricks and masonry units such that the surface
of the wall to be jointed is on the opposite side of the wall from the mason, requiring the mason to lean over the wall
to complete the work. Related work includes mason tending and electrical installation incorporated into the brick
wall during the overhand bricklaying process.
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Personal fall arrest system - means a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from a working level. It consists of
an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or
suitable combinations of these. As of January 1, 1998, the use of a body belt for fall arrest is prohibited.
Positioning device system - means a body belt or body harness system rigged to allow an employee to be supported
on an elevated vertical surface, such as a wall, and work with both hands free while leaning.
Rope grab - means a deceleration device which travels on a lifeline and automatically, by friction, engages the
lifeline and locks so as to arrest the fall of an employee. A rope grab usually employs the principle of inertial
locking, cam/level locking, or both.
Roof - means the exterior surface on the top of a building. This does not include floors or formwork which, because a
building has not been completed, temporarily become the top surface of a building.
"Roofing work" means the hoisting, storage, application, and removal of roofing materials and equipment, including
related insulation, sheet metal, and vapor barrier work, but not including the construction of the roof deck.
Safety-monitoring system - means a safety system in which a competent person is responsible for recognizing and
warning employees of fall hazards.
Self-retracting lifeline/lanyard - means a deceleration device containing a drum-wound line which can be slowly
extracted from, or retracted onto, the drum under slight tension during normal employee movement, and which, after
onset of a fall, automatically locks the drum and arrests the fall.
Snaphook - means a connector comprised of a hook-shaped member with a normally closed keeper, or similar
arrangement, which may be opened to permit the hook to receive an object and, when released, automatically closes
to retain the object. Snaphooks must be the self-closing, self-locking keeper which remains closed and locked until
unlocked and pressed open for connection or disconnection.
Steep roof - means a roof having a slope greater than 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal).
Toeboard - means a low protective barrier that will prevent the fall of materials and equipment to lower levels and
provide protection from falls for personnel.
Unprotected sides and edges - means any side or edge (except at entrances to points of access) of a walking/working
surface, e.g., floor, roof, ramp, or runway where there is no wall or guardrail system at least 39 inches (1.0 m) high.
Walking/working surface - means any surface, whether horizontal or vertical on which an employee walks or works,
including, but not limited to, floors, roofs, ramps, bridges, runways, formwork and concrete reinforcing steel but not
including ladders, vehicles, or trailers, on which employees must be located in order to perform their job duties.
Warning line system - means a barrier erected on a roof to warn employees that they are approaching an unprotected
roof side or edge, and which designates an area in which roofing work may take place without the use of guardrail,
body belt, or safety net systems to protect employees in the area.
Work area - means that portion of a walking/working surface where job duties are being performed.
4.0 RESPONSIBILITY
All WRS employees and subcontractor employees covered by this SOP are responsible for complying with its
contents. Supervisors are responsible for implementing and enforcing the SOP and securing the resouces necessary
to implement it.
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5.0 PROCEDURE
5.1 TRAINING
Employees with potential exposure to fall hazards shall receive training that will enable them to recognize the
hazards of falling and implement procedures to be followed in order to minimize these hazards.
Retraining will be performed when an employee who has already been trained does not have the understanding and
skill required by paragraph to recognize and control fall hazards. Circumstances where retraining is required
include, but are not limited to, situations where changes in the workplace render previous training obsolete, or
changes in the types of fall protection systems or equipment to be used render previous training obsolete, or
inadequacies in an employee's knowledge or use of fall protection systems or equipment indicate that the employee
has not retained the requisite understanding or skill.
Training shall be performed by a competent person qualified in the following areas:
• The nature of fall hazards in the work area;
• The correct procedures for erecting, maintaining, disassembling, and inspecting the fall protection systems to be
used;
• The use and operation of guardrail systems, personal fall arrest systems, safety net systems, warning line
systems, safety monitoring systems, controlled access zones, and other protection to be used;
• The role of each employee in the safety monitoring system when this system is used;
• The limitations on the use of mechanical equipment during the performance of roofing work on low-sloped
roofs;
• The correct procedures for the handling and storage of equipment and materials and the erection of overhead
protection; and
• The role of employees in fall protection plans;
• The applicable OSHA standards.
A written certification record of employee training will be maintained. The written certification record shall contain
the name or other identity of the employee trained, the date(s) of the training, and the signature of the person who
conducted the training.
5.2 GUARDRAIL SYSTEMS
The top edge height of top rails, or equivalent guardrail system members, shall be 42 inches (1.1m) plus or minus 3
inches (8 cm) above the walking/working level. When conditions warrant, the height of the top edge may exceed the
45-inch height, provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria of this paragraph. Note: When employees are
using stilts, the top edge height of the top rail, or equivalent member, shall be increased an amount equal to the
height of the stilts.
Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, or equivalent intermediate structural members shall be
installed between the top edge of the guardrail system and the walking/working surface when there is no wall or
parapet wall at least 21 inches (53 cm) high. Midrails, when used, shall be installed at a height midway between the
top edge of the guardrail system and the walking/working level. Screens and mesh, when used, shall extend from the
top rail to the walking/working level and along the entire opening between top rail supports.
Intermediate members (such as balusters), when used between posts, shall be not more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart.
Other structural members (such as additional midrails and architectural panels) shall be installed such that there are
no openings in the guardrail system that are more than 19 inches (.5 m) wide.
Guardrail systems shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 pounds (890 N) applied
within 2 inches (5.1 cm) of the top edge, in any outward or downward direction, at any point along the top edge.
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When the 200 pound (890 N) test load is applied in a downward direction, the top edge of the guardrail shall not
deflect to a height less than 39 inches (1.0 m) above the walking/working level. Guardrail system components
selected and constructed in accordance with the following specifications are deemed to meet this requirement.
(1) For wood railings: Wood components shall be minimum 1500 lb-Mn(2) fiber (stress grade)
construction grade lumber; the posts shall be at least 2-inch by 4-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) lumber spaced not
more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers; the top rail shall be at least 2-inch by 4-inch (5 cm x 10 cm)
lumber, the intermediate rail shall be at least 1-inch by 6-inch (2.5 cm x 15 cm) lumber. All lumber
dimensions are nominal sizes as provided by the American Softwood Lumber Standards, dated January
1970.
(2) For pipe railings: posts, top rails, and intermediate railings shall be at least one and one-half inches
nominal diameter (schedule 40 pipe) with posts spaced not more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers.
(3) For structural steel railings: posts, top rails, and intermediate rails shall be at least 2-inch by 2-inch (5
cm x 10 cm) by 3/8-inch (1.1 cm) angles, with posts spaced not more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers.
Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, and equivalent structural members shall be
capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 150 pounds (666 N) applied in any downward or outward
direction at any point along the midrail or other member.
Guardrail systems shall be so surfaced as to prevent injury to an employee from punctures or lacerations, and to
prevent snagging of clothing. The ends of all top rails and midrails shall not overhang the terminal posts, except
where such overhang does not constitute a projection hazard. Steel banding and plastic banding shall not be used as
top rails or midrails. Top rails and midrails shall be at least one-quarter inch (0.6 cm) nominal diameter or thickness
to prevent cuts and lacerations. If wire rope is used for top rails, it shall be flagged at not more than 6-foot intervals
with high-visibility material. Manila, plastic or synthetic rope being used for top rails or midrails shall be inspected
as frequently as necessary to ensure that it continues to meet strength requirements.
When guardrail systems are used at hoisting areas, a chain, gate or removable guardrail section shall be placed across
the access opening between guardrail sections when hoisting operations are not taking place.
When guardrail systems are used at holes, they shall be erected on all unprotected sides or edges of the hole. When
guardrail systems are used around holes used for the passage of materials, the hole shall have not more than two
sides provided with removable guardrail sections to allow the passage of materials. When the hole is not in use, it
shall be closed over with a cover, or a guardrail system shall be provided along all unprotected sides or edges. When
guardrail systems are used around holes which are used as points of access (such as ladderways), they shall be
provided with a gate, or be so offset that a person cannot walk directly into the hole.
Guardrail systems used on ramps and runways shall be erected along each unprotected side or edge.
5.3 SAFETY NET SYSTEMS
Safety nets shall be installed as close as practicable under the walking/working surface on which
employees are working, but in no case more than 30 feet (9.1 m) below such level. When nets
are used on bridges, the potential fall area from the walking/working surface to the net shall be
unobstructed.
Safety nets shall extend outward from the outermost projection of the work surface as follows:
Vertical distance from working level to horizontal plane
of net
Minimum required horizontal distance of outer
edge of net from the edge of the working
surface
Up to 5 feet
8 feet
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More than 5 feet up to 10 feet
10 feet
More than 10 feet
13 feet
Safety nets shall be installed with sufficient clearance under them to prevent contact with the surface or structures
below when subjected to an impact force equal to the drop test specified below. Safety nets and their installations
shall be capable of absorbing an impact force equal to that produced by the drop test.
Safety nets and safety net installations shall be drop-tested at the jobsite after initial installation and before being
used as a fall protection system, whenever relocated, after major repair, and at 6-month intervals if left in one place.
The drop-test shall consist of a 400 pound (180 kg) bag of sand 30 + or - 2 inches (76 + or - 5 cm) in diameter
dropped into the net from the highest walking/working surface at which employees are exposed to fall hazards, but
not from less than 42 inches (1.1m) above that level.
When it is unreasonable to perform the drop-test a designated competent person shall certify that the net and net
installation is in compliance with the above listed specifications by preparing a certification record prior to the net
being used as a fall protection system. The certification record must include an identification of the net and net
installation for which the certification record is being prepared; the date that it was determined that the identified net
and net installation were in compliance and the signature of the person making the determination and certification.
The most recent certification record for each net and net installation shall be available at the jobsite for inspection.
Defective nets shall not be used. Safety nets shall be inspected at least once a week for wear, damage, and other
deterioration. Defective components shall be removed from service. Safety nets shall also be inspected after any
occurrence which could affect the integrity of the safety net system.
Materials, scrap pieces, equipment, and tools which have fallen into the safety net shall be removed as soon as
possible from the net and at least before the next work shift.
The maximum size of each safety net mesh opening shall not exceed 36 square inches (230 cm) nor be longer than 6
inches (15 cm) on any side, and the opening, measured center-to-center of mesh ropes or webbing, shall not be
longer than 6 inches (15 cm). All mesh crossings shall be secured to prevent enlargement of the mesh opening. Each
safety net (or section of it) shall have a border rope for webbing with a minimum breaking strength of 5,000 pounds
(22.2 kN). Connections between safety net panels shall be as strong as integral net components and shall be spaced
not more than 6 inches (15 cm) apart.
5.4 PERSONAL FALL ARREST SYSTEMS
Connectors in a fall arrest system shall be drop forged, pressed or formed steel, or made of equivalent materials.
They shall have a corrosion-resistant finish, and all surfaces and edges shall be smooth to prevent damage to
interfacing parts of the system.
Dee-rings and snaphooks shall have a minimum tensile strength of 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN). Dee-rings and
snaphooks shall be proof-tested to a minimum tensile load of 3,600 pounds (16 kN) without cracking, breaking, or
taking permanent deformation.
Snaphooks shall be the self closing, self locking type.
Unless the snaphook is a locking type and designed for the following connections, snaphooks shall not be engaged:
• Directly to webbing, rope or wire rope;
• To each other;
• To a dee-ring to which another snaphook or other connector is attached;
• To a horizontal lifeline; or
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• To any object which is incompatibly shaped or dimensioned in relation to the snaphook such that unintentional
disengagement could occur by the connected object being able to depress the snaphook keeper and release itself.
On suspended scaffolds or similar work platforms with horizontal lifelines that may become vertical lifelines, the
devices used to connect to a horizontal lifeline shall be capable of locking in both directions on the lifeline.
Horizontal lifelines shall be designed, installed, and used, under the supervision of a qualified person, as part of a
complete personal fall arrest system, which maintains a safety factor of at least two.
Lanyards and vertical lifelines shall have a minimum breaking strength of 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN).
When vertical lifelines are used, each employee shall be attached to a separate lifeline. During the construction of
elevator shafts, two employees may be attached to the same lifeline in the hoistway, provided both employees are
working atop a false car that is equipped with guardrails; the strength of the lifeline is 10,000 pounds [5,000 pounds
per employee attached] (44.4 kN); and all other criteria specified in this paragraph for lifelines have been met.
Lifelines shall be protected against being cut or abraded.
Self-retracting lifelines and lanyards which automatically limit free fall distance to 2 feet (0.61 m) or less shall be
capable of sustaining a minimum tensile load of 3,000 pounds (13.3 kN) applied to the device with the lifeline or
lanyard in the fully extended position. Self-retracting lifelines and lanyards which do not limit free fall distance to 2
feet (0.61 m) or less, ripstitch lanyards, and tearing and deforming lanyards shall be capable of sustaining a minimum
tensile load of 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN) applied to the device with the lifeline or lanyard in the fully extended
position.
Ropes and straps (webbing) used in lanyards, lifelines, and strength components of body belts and body harnesses
shall be made from synthetic fibers.
Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall arrest equipment shall be independent of any anchorage being used
to support or suspend platforms and capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN) per employee attached, or
shall be designed, installed, and used as follows:
• As part of a complete personal fall arrest system which maintains a safety factor of at least two; and
• Under the supervision of a qualified person.
Personal fall arrest systems, when stopping a fall, shall:
• Limit maximum arresting force on an employee to 900 pounds (4 kN) when used with a body belt;
• Limit maximum arresting force on an employee to 1,800 pounds (8 kN) when used with a body harness;
• Be rigged such that an employee can neither free fall more than 6 feet (1.8 m), nor contact any lower level;
• Bring an employee to a complete stop and limit maximum deceleration distance an employee travels to 3.5 feet
(1.07 m); and,
• Have sufficient strength to withstand twice the potential impact energy of an employee free falling a distance of
6 feet (1.8 m), or the free fall distance permitted by the system, whichever is less.
The attachment point of the body belt shall be located in the center of the wearer's back. The attachment point of the
body harness shall be located in the center of the wearer's back near shoulder level, or above the wearer's head.
Body belts, harnesses, and components shall be used only for employee protection (as part of a personal fall arrest
system or positioning device system) and not to hoist materials.
Personal fall arrest systems and components subjected to impact loading shall be immediately removed from service
and shall not be used again for employee protection until inspected and determined by a competent person to be
undamaged and suitable for reuse.
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The employer shall provide for prompt rescue of employees in the event of a fall or shall assure that employees are
able to rescue themselves.
Personal fall arrest systems shall be inspected prior to each use for wear, damage and other deterioration, and
defective components shall be removed from service.
Body belts (to be used only as a positioning device) shall be at least one and five-eighths (1 5/8) inches (4.1 cm)
wide.
Personal fall arrest systems shall not be attached to guardrail systems, nor shall they be attached to hoists except as
specified in other subparts of this Part.
When a personal fall arrest system is used at hoist areas, it shall be rigged to allow the movement of the employee
only as far as the edge of the walking/working surface.
5.5 POSITIONING DEVICE SYSTEMS
Positioning device systems and their use shall conform to the following provisions:
Positioning devices shall be rigged such that an employee cannot free fall more than 2 feet (.9 m).
Positioning devices shall be secured to an anchorage capable of supporting at least twice the potential impact load of
an employee's fall or 3,000 pounds (13.3 kN), whichever is greater.
Connectors used with positioning device systems shall be drop forged, pressed or formed steel, or made of
equivalent materials. Connectors shall have a corrosion-resistant finish, and all surfaces and edges shall be smooth
to prevent damage to interfacing parts of this system.
Connecting assemblies shall have a minimum tensile strength of 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN)
Dee-rings and snaphooks shall be proof-tested to a minimum tensile load of 3,600 pounds (16 kN) without cracking,
breaking, or taking permanent deformation.
Snaphooks shall be sized to be compatible with the member to which they are connected to prevent unintentional
disengagement of the snaphook by depression of the snaphook keeper by the connected member, or shall be a
locking type snaphook designed and used to prevent disengagement of the snaphook by the contact of the snaphook
keeper by the connected member. As of January 1, 1998, only locking type snaphooks shall be used.
Unless the snaphook is a locking type and designed for the following connections, snaphooks shall not be engaged:
• Directly to webbing, rope or wire rope;
• To each other;
• To a dee-ring to which another snaphook or other connector is attached;
• To a horizontal lifeline; or
• To any object which is incompatibly shaped or dimensioned in relation to the snaphook such that unintentional
Disengagement could occur by the connected object being able to depress the snaphook keeper and release
itself.
Positioning device systems shall be inspected prior to each use for wear, damage, and other deterioration, and
defective components shall be removed from service.
Body belts, harnesses, and components shall be used only for employee protection (as part of a personal fall arrest
system or positioning device system) and not to hoist materials.
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5.6 WARNING LINE SYSTEMS
Warning line systems and their use shall comply with the following provisions:
• The warning line shall be erected around all sides of the roof work area.
• When mechanical equipment is not being used, the warning line shall be erected not less than 6 feet (1.8 m)
from the roof edge.
• When mechanical equipment is being used, the warning line shall be erected not less than 6 feet (1.8 m) from the
roof edge which is parallel to the direction of mechanical equipment operation, and not less than 10 feet (3.1m)
from the roof edge which is perpendicular to the direction of mechanical equipment operation.
• Points of access, materials handling areas, storage areas, and hoisting areas shall be connected to the work area
by an access path formed by two warning lines.
• When the path to a point of access is not in use, a rope, wire, chain, or other barricade, equivalent in strength
and height to the warning line, shall be placed across the path at the point where the path intersects the warning
line erected around the work area, or the path shall be offset such that a person cannot walk directly into the
work area.
• Warning lines shall consist of ropes, wires, or chains, and supporting stanchions erected as follows:
• The rope, wire, or chain shall be flagged at not more than 6-foot (1.8 m) intervals with high-visibility material;
• The rope, wire, or chain shall be rigged and supported in such a way that its lowest point (including sag) is no
less than 34 inches (.9 m) from the walking/working surface and its highest point is no more than 39 inches (1.0
m) from the walking/working surface;
• After being erected, with the rope, wire, or chain attached, stanchions shall be capable of resisting, without
tipping over, a force of at least 16 pounds (71 N) applied horizontally against the stanchion, 30 inches (0.8 m)
above the walking/working surface, perpendicular to the warning line, and in the direction of the floor, roof, or
platform edge;
• The rope, wire, or chain shall have a minimum tensile strength of 500 pounds (2.22 kN), and after being
attached to the stanchions, shall be capable of supporting, without breaking, the loads applied to the stanchions
described above; and
• The line shall be attached at each stanchion in such a way that pulling on one section of the line between
stanchions will not result in slack being taken up in adjacent sections before the stanchion tips over.
• No employee shall be allowed in the area between a roof edge and a warning line unless the employee is
performing roofing work in that area.
• Mechanical equipment on roofs shall be used or stored only in areas where employees are protected by a
warning line system, guardrail system, or personal fall arrest system.
5.7 CONTROLLED ACCESS ZONES
Controlled access zones and their use shall conform to the following provisions.
When used to control access to areas where leading edge and other operations are taking place, the controlled access
zone shall be defined by a control line or by any other means that restricts access. When control lines are used, they
shall be erected not less than 6 feet (1.8 m) nor more than 25 feet (7.7 m) from the unprotected or leading edge,
except when erecting precast concrete members.
When erecting precast concrete members, the control line shall be erected not less than 6 feet (1.8 m) nor more than
60 feet (18 m) or half the length of the member being erected, whichever is less, from the leading edge. The control
line shall extend along the entire length of the unprotected or leading edge and shall be approximately parallel to the
unprotected or leading edge. The control line shall be connected on each side to a guardrail system or wall.
When used to control access to areas where overhand bricklaying and related work are taking place:
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Standard Operating Procedure
Fall Protection
Page 12 of 15
• The controlled access zone shall be defined by a control line erected not less than 10 feet (3.1m) nor more than
15 feet (4.5 m) from the working edge.
• The control line shall extend for a distance sufficient for the controlled access zone to enclose all employees
performing overhand bricklaying and related work at the working edge and shall be approximately parallel to the
working edge.
• Additional control lines shall be erected at each end to enclose the controlled access zone.
• Only employees engaged in overhand bricklaying or related work shall be permitted in the controlled access
zone.
Control lines shall consist of ropes, wires, tapes, or equivalent materials, and supporting stanchions as follows:
• Each line shall be flagged or otherwise clearly marked at not more than 6-foot (1.8 m) intervals with high-
visibility material.
• Each line shall be rigged and supported in such a way that its lowest point (including sag) is not less than 39
inches (lm) from the walking/working surface and its highest point is not more than 45 inches (1.3 m) [50
inches (1.3 m) when overhand bricklaying operations are being performed] from the walking/working surface.
• Each line shall have a minimum breaking strength of 200 pounds (.88 kN).
On floors and roofs where guardrail systems are not in place prior to the beginning of overhand bricklaying
operations, controlled access zones shall be enlarged, as necessary, to enclose all points of access, material handling
areas, and storage areas. On floors and roofs where guardrail systems are in place, but need to be removed to allow
overhand bricklaying work or leading edge work to take place, only that portion of the guardrail necessary to
accomplish that day's work shall be removed.
5.8 SAFETY MONITORING SYSTEMS
Safety monitoring systems and their use shall comply with the following provisions.
The employer shall designate a competent person to monitor the safety of other employees and the employer shall
ensure that the safety monitor complies with the following requirements:
• The safety monitor shall be competent to recognize fall hazards;
• The safety monitor shall warn the employee when it appears that the employee is unaware of a fall hazard or is
acting in an unsafe manner;
• The safety monitor shall be on the same walking/working surface and within visual sighting distance of the
employee being monitored;
• The safety monitor shall be close enough to communicate orally with the employee; and
• The safety monitor shall not have other responsibilities which could take the monitor's attention from the
monitoring function.
Mechanical equipment shall not be used or stored in areas where safety monitoring systems are being used to
monitor employees engaged in roofing operations on low-slope roofs.
No employee, other than an employee engaged in roofing work [on low-sloped roofs] or an employee covered by a
fall protection plan, shall be allowed in an area where an employee is being protected by a safety monitoring system.
Each employee working in a controlled access zone shall be directed to comply promptly with fall hazard warnings
from safety monitors.
5.9 COVERS
Covers for holes in floors, roofs, and other walking/working surfaces shall meet the following requirements:
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Standard Operating Procedure
Fall Protection
Page 13 of 15
• Covers located in roadways and vehicular aisles shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least twice the
maximum axle load of the largest vehicle expected to cross over the cover.
• All other covers shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least twice the weight of employees,
equipment, and materials that may be imposed on the cover at any one time.
• All covers shall be secured when installed so as to prevent accidental displacement by the wind, equipment, or
employees.
• All covers shall be color coded or they shall be marked with the word "HOLE" or "COVER" to provide warning
of the hazard. Note: This provision does not apply to cast iron manhole covers or steel grates used on streets or
roadways.
5.10 PROTECTION FROM FALLING OBJECTS
Falling object protection shall comply with the following provisions:
• Toeboards, when used as falling object protection, shall be erected along the edge of the overhead
walking/working surface for a distance sufficient to protect employees below.
• Toeboards shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 50 pounds (222 N) applied in any
downward or outward direction at any point along the toeboard.
• Toeboards shall be a minimum of 3 1/2 inches (9 cm) in vertical height from their top edge to the level of the
walking/working surface. They shall have not more than 1/4 inch (0.6 cm) clearance above the walking/working
surface. They shall be solid or have openings not over 1 inch (2.5 cm) in greatest dimension.
Where tools, equipment, or materials are piled higher than the top edge of a toeboard, paneling or screening shall be
erected from the walking/working surface or toeboard to the top of a guardrail system's top rail or midrail, for a
distance sufficient to protect employees below.
Guardrail systems, when used as falling object protection, shall have all openings small enough to prevent passage of
potential falling objects.
During the performance of overhand bricklaying and related work:
• No materials or equipment except masonry and mortar shall be stored within 4 feet (1.2 m) of the working edge.
• Excess mortar, broken or scattered masonry units, and all other materials and debris shall be kept clear from the
work area by removal at regular intervals.
During the performance of roofing work:
• Materials and equipment shall not be stored within 6 feet (1.8 m) of a roof edge unless guardrails are erected at
the edge.
• Materials which are piled, grouped, or stacked near a roof edge shall be stable and self-supporting.
Canopies, when used as falling object protection, shall be strong enough to prevent collapse and to prevent
penetration by any objects which may fall onto the canopy.
5.11 FALL PROTECTION PLANS
This option is available only to employees engaged in leading edge work, precast concrete erection work, or
residential construction work who can demonstrate that it is infeasible or it creates a greater hazard to use
conventional fall protection equipment. The fall protection plan must conform to the following provisions.
The fall protection plan shall be prepared by a qualified person and developed specifically for the site where the
leading edge work, precast concrete work, or residential construction work is being performed and the plan must be
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Standard Operating Procedure
Fall Protection
Page 14 of 15
maintained up to date. Any changes to the fall protection plan shall be approved by a qualified person. A copy of
the fall protection plan with all approved changes shall be maintained at the job site. The implementation of the fall
protection plan shall be under the supervision of a competent person.
The fall protection plan shall document the reasons why the use of conventional fall protection systems (guardrail
systems, personal fall arrest systems, or safety nets systems) are infeasible or why their use would create a greater
hazard.
The fall protection plan shall include a written discussion of other measures that will be taken to reduce or eliminate
the fall hazard for workers who cannot be provided with protection from the conventional fall protection systems.
For example, the employer shall discuss the extent to which scaffolds, ladders, or vehicle mounted work platforms
can be used to provide a safer working surface and thereby reduce the hazard of falling.
The fall protection plan shall identify each location where conventional fall protection methods cannot be used.
These locations shall then be classified as controlled access zones and operated accordingly.
Where no other alternative measure has been implemented, a safety monitoring system shall be implemented.
The fall protection plan must include a statement which provides the name or other method of identification for each
employee who is designated to work in controlled access zones. No other employees may enter controlled access
zones.
In the event an employee falls, or some other related, serious incident occurs, (e.g., a near miss) an investigation of
the circumstances of the fall or other incident shall be performed to determine if the fall protection plan needs to be
changed (e.g. new practices, procedures, or training) and shall implement those changes to prevent similar types of
falls or incidents.
6.0 REFERENCES
• 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M -
• http://www.osha-slc.gov/OshStd toc/OSHA Std toe 1926 SUBPART M.html
7.0 ATTACHMENTS
None
8.0 RECORD KF.F.PING
• Employee training certifications
• Inspections of Safety Nets (when applicable)
• Fall protection plans (when applicable)
9.0 EQUIPMENT
• Personal fall arrest system components
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WRS Infrastructure & Environment, Inc.
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Attachment F
Scope A- Lower Manhattan Cleaning Procedures
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World Trade Center Indoor Dust Cleaning Program
Scope of Work A
Application: These procedures apply to the cleaning of minimal dust accumulations (light
coating). If a visual inspection indicates the presence of significant accumulations of dust and/or
debris from the collapse of the WTC in residences or common spaces (including elevator shafts),
Scope B procedures shall be applied (refer to Scope of Work B). Residents may be present
during Scope A cleaning procedures.
1. Cleaning of Common Spaces
Common spaces including hallways, stairways and the interior of elevator cars shall be
cleaned, if requested by the building owner. The Monitoring Contractor in consultation
with EPA, or EPA's designee will evaluate and determine if other common areas
including utility rooms, laundry rooms, compactor rooms, elevator shafts require
cleaning. Work will begin from the entrance and continue through all common spaces in
an orderly fashion. A detailed description of the minimum cleaning requirements for
common space is as follows:
a. Vacuuming will begin with the ceiling, continue down the walls and include
floors. A vacuum equipped with a motorized agitator bar will be used to vacuum
carpets.
b. Impermeable walls and floors will be wet wiped, after consultation with and
approval by owner. Wet wiping will not be conducted if it is determined that it
would cause damage to the surface.
c. Carpets will be cleaned with a water extraction cleaner after consultation with and
approval by owner. After cleaning, red rosin construction paper will be applied to
high traffic areas to protect carpets from soiling. Water extraction cleaning will
not be conducted if it would cause damage to the carpet.
d. Surfaces that are not cleaned by wet methods (wet wiping and water extraction
cleaner) will be vacuumed two times.
2. Cleaning of HVAC Systems
HVAC systems that are determined by the Monitoring Contractor to be impacted by dust
or debris from the collapse of the World Trade Center will be cleaned in accordance with
the site-specific scope of work prepared by the Monitoring Contractor and approved by
EPA. HVAC systems cleaning, if warranted, shall be completed prior to the initiation of
the cleaning of common space or residences within an affected building. In the event that
the HVAC system for an entire building requires cleaning, a separate, site specific
contract will be awarded by DEP for this work. If only a portion of an HVAC system
requires cleaning, then the cleaning contractor will conduct the cleaning utilizing
specialized labor trained and experienced in duct cleaning.
HVAC cleaning shall be conducted in accordance with National Air Duct Cleaners
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Association (NADCA) General Specification for the Cleaning of Commercial Heating,
Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems and the NADCA Assessment, Cleaning and
Restoration Standard (ACR 2002). Verification of the effectiveness of HVAC system
cleaning will be determined by the Monitoring Contractor. If dust or other contaminants
are evident through visual inspection, those portions of the system where dust or other
contaminants are present shall be re-cleaned and subjected to re-inspection for
cleanliness. If the cleaning contractor is not a member of the NADCA, a subcontractor
that is a member may perform this portion of the work.
3. Cleaning of Residential Spaces
Residences will be cleaned using HEPA vacuums, water extraction cleaners and wet
wiping as described below. Surfaces to be cleaned include but are not limited to walls,
floors, ceilings, ledges, trims, furnishings, appliances, equipment, etc. Encapsulating
agents shall not be applied. Dry sweeping is prohibited. The cleaning contractor will not
clean inside of drawers, cabinets, breakfronts and similar enclosed storage or display
pieces, however, the exterior of these pieces will be cleaned. Cleaning of clothing and
accessories (handbags, shoes etc.) shall be the responsibility of the occupant. A detailed
description of the minimum cleaning requirements is as follows:
a. Terraces, balconies, exterior window sills, window wells and window guards that
are accessible from the interior of the dwelling, shall be cleaned.
b. Interior windows, screens, window sills and window guards will be cleaned
c. Vacuuming will begin with the ceiling, continue down the walls and include the
floor. A vacuum equipped with a motorized agitator bar will be used to vacuum
carpets.
d. Impermeable walls and floors will be wet wiped, after consultation with and
approval by owner/resident. Wet wiping will not be conducted if it is determined
that it would cause damage to the surface.
e. Carpets will be cleaned with a water extraction cleaner after consultation with and
approval by owner/resident. After cleaning, red rosin construction paper will be
applied to high traffic areas to protect carpets from soiling. Water extraction
cleaning will not be conducted if it would cause damage to the carpet.
f. Fabric covered furniture will be vacuumed and then cleaned with a water
extractions cleaner after consultation with and if approved by owner/resident.
Water extraction cleaning will not be conducted if it would cause damage to the
furniture.
g. All surfaces including but not limited to floors, walls, curtains, fabric window
treatments, upholstery and other materials that are not cleaned by wet methods
(wet wiping and water extraction cleaning) will be HEPA vacuumed two times.
Fabric covered furniture that is not cleaned by wet methods will be vacuumed
using an appropriate brush attachment.
h. Intake/discharge registers of HVAC systems (if present) will be removed/cleaned.
The first foot of duct work will also be vacuumed; then the register will be
reinstalled and covered with a layer of 6 mil polyethylene sheeting.
i. Window and room air conditioners will be vacuumed, wet wiped and removed
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from their housing to allow access to internal portions of the air conditioner. The
internal portions of the air conditioner and housing will then be vacuumed. Filters
will be vacuumed and reinstalled. Air conditioners will be reassembled and
reinstalled after cleaning,
j. Paperwork and books will be HEPA-vacuumed.
k. Electrical outlets will be vacuumed.
1. Appliances such as refrigerators and stoves will be cleaned and moved. The floor
footprint of the appliances will be cleaned and the appliance will be reinstalled in
their original positions,
m. Refrigerator cooling tubes will be brushed and vacuumed.
n. The first foot of all exhaust duct work (including stove, dryer and bathroom vents)
where accessible, will be vacuumed. Exhaust fans will be vacuumed and wiped
o. Unobstructed closet floors will be vacuumed.
p. Solid objects (electrical equipment, exercise equipment, etc.) will be wet wiped,
moved to allow cleaning of the underlying surface and will be returned to their
original location.
q. Dishwasher toe plates will be removed and the floor beneath the appliance will be
cleaned.
r. Baseboard heaters will be cleaned. Protective covers on finned radiant heaters and
baseboard heaters will be removed to expose heat elements. Fins are to be
brushed and vacuumed to remove dust,
s. All cleaning equipment will be vacuumed and/or wet wiped after completion of
the cleaning and before removal from the work area.
4. HEPA air filtration devices (AFDs) will run continuously during all cleaning activities, as
appropriate given site conditions. AFDs shall be installed and operated to provide a
minimum of one air change every 15 minutes. Make up air should be derived from a
non-impacted source (i.e. open window or common spaces previously cleaned).
5. A minimum of one asbestos supervisor shall be present in each building during work.
6. A Cleaning Checklist (to be developed by EPA) will be completed by the cleaning
contractor as tasks are completed to document the progress of the cleaning.
7. The cleaning contractor shall notify the monitoring contractor immediately upon
completion of the cleaning. The Monitoring Contractor will conduct a thorough visual
inspection to verify the absence of visible dust accumulations. If dust is observed the
cleaning contractor will re-clean as necessary at no additional cost.
8. Air sampling shall be performed by the Monitoring Contractor after the area is free of
dust accumulations as determined by the Monitoring Contractor. The residence will be
re-cleaned and re-tested if the clean-up criteria of 0.0009 fibers/cc (PCME measured by
TEM) is not achieved or if determined necessary by EPA. This clean-up criterion may be
reevaluated and revised, if determined necessary based on field conditions and analytical
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limitations.
9. Any damage or loss that occurs during cleaning is the responsibility of the cleaning
contractor. The cleaning contractor is not responsible for damage or loss caused by the
acts of third parties not involved in the cleaning activities.
10. Owner/residents may identify and tag certain furnishings (e.g. carpets and fabric covered
furniture) for disposal rather than cleaning. Disposal of residents' personal property shall
not occur without prior written authorization by the owner.
11. Disposal of all wastes generated during the cleaning shall be the responsibility of the
contractor. All waste generated shall be treated as asbestos-containing material (ACM).
Transportation and disposal of generated waste shall be in compliance with all applicable
rules and regulations.
12. If mold or peeling, flaking or chalking paint is observed in the work area, the cleaning
contractor shall immediately contact the Monitoring Contractor.
13. If in-place materials suspected to contain asbestos are observed the Cleaning Contractor
shall immediately notify the Monitoring Contractor. The Monitoring Contractor will
evaluate the condition of the material to identify damaged, deterioration, delamination,
etc. The Cleaning Contractor shall wrap suspect ACM that is in good or excellent
condition with 6-mil polyethylene sheeting and seal airtight with duct tape or equivalent
method prior to cleaning or air monitoring.
14. In the event that damaged, deteriorated, delaminated, etc. suspected ACM is observed,
the Cleaning Contractor will notify the Monitoring Contractor. Cleaning or air
monitoring will not proceed in areas where such suspected ACM is observed until
instructed otherwise.
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Attachment H
Synopsis of Cleaning Methods by Building Area and Fact Sheets
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Study and Non-Study
Basement Areas
Elevator Shaft and Motor Room, Trash Compactor Room, Fire Equipment Room.
Cleaning Method: Test4A - Surface cleaning using industrial HEPA filtered vacuums.
Air filtration using an air filtration device (AFD).
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127)
Filtration status: HEPA
Common Area Size: 642 sq. ft.; 5,136 cu. ft. (Total of all areas, elevator shaft not
included.)
AFD Status: Required
AFD specification when required: 400/600 cfm
Unit air exchange rate: 12.8 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Description: Basement areas include: A trash compactor room, an equipment room
containing the building fire protection controls to the ceiling sprinkler system, a motor control
room for the elevator, and access to the elevator shaft containing the elevator compartment, as
well as a common room which provided access to all the above areas. These basement areas are
accessed through an outside stairwell located in the Cedar Street sidewalk.
The floors are constructed of concrete. The walls are composed of painted concrete block or
brick. The elevator shaft floor is compacted soil. The shaft walls are composed of mortar and
brick. Floor joists and decking of the first floor constitute the ceiling of the basement areas. All
basement areas appeared to have been hose washed. No significant dust was present. With the
exception of the ceiling materials, no porous materials were present. Debris such as cardboard
boxes, used hydraulic oil, rags, discarded elevator parts, and dead rodents were disposed of prior
to cleanup. The elevator shaft was inspected from the fifth floor to the below grade location
when access was provided by the elevator contractor. The vertical wall surfaces of the shaft were
constructed of brick and mortar and presented no visible dust down to the second floor. The
lower section in the elevator shaft contained sand accumulation from natural deterioration. The
exposed brick under the elevator framework, to a height of approximately six feet from the
bottom of the shaft, was encrusted with mud, indicating a high water line some time during the
building history.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
None
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Non-Study
Lemongrass Grill
1st Floor and basement, Cedar & Liberty Streets
Cleaning Method: Test 4A - Surface cleaning using industrial HEPA filtered vacuums.
Area air filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all
horizontal surfaces. Test 4D - AJC Duct Cleaning
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 1st floor: 2,451 sq. ft.; 33,134 cu. ft.; basement: 1,080 sq. ft.; 9,720 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 1000/2000 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 1st floor: 16.56 min @ 2,000 cfm; basement: 9.72 min @ 1000
cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: The restaurant encompasses approximately 3,500 square feet. It has
entrances on both Cedar and Liberty Streets. The establishment is comprised of two floors. The
first floor is at street level and was used for food service and customer dining. The lower level
(basement) was used for food preparation and storage. Gypsum ceilings and hard wood floors are
present throughout the dining area. Wood floor joists from the first floor constitute the basement
ceiling. The floor is concrete. The dining area is decorated with typical Thai accents consisting
of bamboo, and thatch. Grills, ovens, refrigerators, tables, chairs and a bar are on the first floor.
The basement contains a walk-in refrigerator, freezers, preparation table, a dishwasher and dry
good storage. The establishment's HVAC system is suspended from the ceiling of the first floor.
All exterior windows facing the WTC were blown inward depositing significant amounts of dust
on all surfaces of the first floor. Minimal dust was present in the basement. Prior to cleaning all
tables, chairs, containerized food and accent decorations were disposed of. Restaurant
equipment including woks, utensils, pots, pans, and flatware were vacuumed and washed.
Bottles of liquor were washed and removed by the owner.
The establishment has one HVAC system. This system provides heating and cooling to the
dining area via solid metal supply ducts. The system's return is located in the dining area. A
second system provides outdoor makeup air to the cooking stations. Cleaning of this system was
performed in accordance with the site-specific HVAC cleaning procedures prepared by Covino
Environmental Associates Inc.
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Study
Unit 5C - 5th floor, Northwest corner, Liberty Street
Cleaning Method: Test 3A - Surface cleaning with industrial HEPA filtered vacuums.
Area air filtration not required. Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces.
Test 3B - Surface cleaning with industrial HEPA filtered vacuums. Area air filtration utilizing
an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces.
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127)
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 968 sq. ft.; 10,648 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Not Required
AFD Specification: N/A
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 26.62 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 968 sq. ft. loft facing the WTC site has three bedrooms. The unit has
hardwood floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows had been blown inward. Significant
dust and debris had accumulated in the dwelling. All personal items, with the exception of fabric
covered furniture, were disposed of prior to cleaning.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Boarded up window openings
• Cracks and crevices
• The fourth cleaning was necessary as a result of sawdust and debris deposited in areas
previously cleaned, by a carpentry crew installing new hardwood flooring. This cleaning
was conducted using the Test 3B cleaning method.
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Study
Unit 5A - 5th floor, Northeast corner, Cedar Street
Cleaning Method: Test 3B - Surface cleaned using industrial HEPA filtered vacuums.
Area air filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all
horizontal surfaces.
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127) AFD
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 1,404 sq. ft.; 15,444 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 25.74 min @ 600 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 1,404 sq. ft. loft faces Cedar Street and has one bedroom. The unit
has hardwood floors and no carpeting. It had one damaged window. The dwelling was fully
furnished and had many personal items all of which were vacuumed, bagged and retained for the
tenant. Minimal dust was present in the dwelling except for baseboard heating elements and
window sash frames.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Owner's possessions required significant effort
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Cracks and crevices
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Study
Unit 4D - 4th Floor, Northeast corner, Liberty Street
Cleaning Method: Test 2A - Surface cleaning using HEPA filtered vacuums. Air filtration
not required. Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces
Equipment Used: Craftsman® Shop Vacuum, Hoover® Upright Vacuum
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 968 sq. ft.; 9,196 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Not Required
AFD Specifications: N/A
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 22.99 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 968 sq. ft. open loft faces the WTC site. The unit has hardwood
floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows had been blown inward. Significant dust had
accumulated in the dwelling. All personal possessions to be retained by the tenant were
vacuumed and bagged.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Boarded window openings
• Cracks and crevices
• Tenant possessions required special attention
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Study
Unit 4C - 4th Floor, Northwest corner, Liberty Street
Cleaning Method: Test 1A - Surface cleaning using non-HEPA filtered vacuums. Area air
filtration not required. Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces.
Equipment Used: Eureka® Upright Vacuum, Craftsman® Shop Vacuum
Filtration Status: No HEP A
Unit Size: 655 sq. ft.; 6,222 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Not Required
AFD Specification: N/A
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 15.55 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 655 sq. ft. open loft faces the WTC site. The unit has hardwood
flooring and no carpeting. All exterior windows had been blown inward. Significant dust had
accumulated in the dwelling. All personal possessions to be retained by the tenant were
vacuumed and bagged.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Boarded window openings
• Cracks and crevices
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Study
Unit 4B - 3rd Floor, Southeast corner, Cedar Street
Cleaning Method: Test2B - Surface cleaning using HEPA filtered vacuums. Air
filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal
surfaces.
Equipment Used: Ridgid® Shop Vacuum, Hoover® Upright Vacuum, AFD.
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 968 sq. ft.; 10,164 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 22.99 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 968 sq. ft. loft facing Cedar Street has four bedrooms. The unit has
hardwood floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows were intact. The bedrooms were
temporary structures built of particle board which were dismantled prior to cleaning. Minimal
dust was present in the dwelling, except for baseboard heating elements and window sash
frames.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Cracks and crevices
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Study
Unit 4A - 4th Floor, Southeast corner, Cedar Street
Cleaning Method: Test 2A - Surface cleaning using HEPA filtered vacuums. Area air
filtration not required. Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces.
Equipment Used: Hoover® Upright Vacuum, Craftsman® Shop Vacuum
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 1,368 sq. ft.; 12,996 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Not Required
AFD Specification: N/A
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 21.66 min @ 600 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 1,368 sq. ft. open loft faces Cedar Street. The unit has hardwood
floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows were intact. Minimal dust was present in the
dwelling, except for the baseboard heating elements and window sash frames. All personal and
business possessions to be retained by the tenant were vacuumed and bagged.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Dwelling used as a business for dressmaking, which resulted in cleaning of excessive
amounts of personal and business related items.
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Appliances dirty with encrusted grease
7
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Study
Unit 3D -3rd floor, Northeast corner, Liberty Street
Cleaning Method: Test 1A - Surface cleaning using non-HEPA filtered vacuums. Area
air filtration not required. Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces.
Equipment Used: Hoover® Upright Vacuum, Ridgid® Shop Vacuum
Filtration Status: No HEP A
Unit Size: 968 sq. ft.; 10,164 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Not Required
AFD Specification: N/A
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 25.41 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 968 sq. ft. loft with three bedrooms faces the WTC site. The unit has
hardwood floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows had been blown inward. Significant
dust had accumulated in the dwelling. All personal items, with the exception of fabric-covered
furniture and three pieces of hardwood furniture, were disposed of prior to cleaning.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Boarded window openings
• Cracks and crevices
6
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Study
Unit 3C -3rd floor, Northwest corner, Liberty Street
Cleaning Method: Test 1A - Surface cleaning using non-HEPA filtered vacuums. Area air
filtration not required. Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces.
Test 3B - Surface cleaning with industrial HEPA filtered vacuums. Area air filtration utilizing
an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surface.
Equipment Used: Eureka® Upright Vacuum, Craftsman® Shop Vacuum
Filtration Status: No HEPA
Unit Size: 655 sq. ft.; 6,877 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Not Required
AFD Specification: N/A
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 17.19 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 655 sq. ft. loft with two bedrooms faces the WTC site. The unit has
hardwood floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows had been blown inward. Significant
dust had accumulated in the dwelling. All personal items with, the exception of fabric-covered
furniture, were disposed of prior to cleaning.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Boarded window openings
• Cracks and crevices
5
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Study
Unit 3B - 3rd floor, Southwest corner, Cedar Street
Cleaning Method: Scope A - Lower Manhattan Cleaning Procedure - Surface
cleaning using industrial HEPA filtered vacuums. Area air filtration utilizing an air filtration
device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces.
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 968 sq. ft.; 10,164 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 25.41 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 968 sq. ft. loft facing Cedar Street has three bedrooms. All personal
items including clothing, kitchenware, books, furniture, and electronic devices were cleaned
since the tenants plan to reoccupy the unit. Mattresses and carpets were disposed of. All
exterior windows were intact. Minimal dust was present in the space, except for baseboard
heating elements and window sash frames.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Cleaning of small items including CD's, tapes, clothes, shoes, kitchenware, etc.
• Cracks and crevices
4
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Study
Unit 2B - 2nd floor, Southwest corner, Cedar Street
Cleaning Method: Test 3A - Surface cleaning using industrial HEPA filtered vacuums.
Area air filtration not required. Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces.
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127)
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 946 sq. ft.; 9,460 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Not Required
AFD Specifications: N/A
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 23.65 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 946 sq. ft. loft facing Cedar Street has two bedrooms. The unit
contains hardwood floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows were intact. Minimal dust was
present in the dwelling except for baseboard heating elements and window sash frames. All
personal items, with the exception of fabric-covered furniture, were disposed of prior to cleaning.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Cracks and crevices
2
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Study
Unit 2A — 2nd floor, Southeast corner, Cedar Street
Cleaning Method: Test IB - Surface cleaning using non-HEPA filtered vacuums. Area air
filtratation utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal
surfaces.
Equipment Used: Hoover® Upright, Ridgid® Shop Vacuum, AFD.
Filtration Status: No HEP A
Unit Size: 1,335 sq. ft.; 13,350 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 22.25 min @ 600 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 1,335 sq. ft. loft facing Cedar Street has two bedrooms. The unit has
hardwood floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows were intact. Minimal dust was present
in the dwelling, except for baseboard heating elements and window sash frames. All personal
items were disposed of, with the exception of fabric-covered furniture and kitchenware, prior to
cleaning.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Cracks and crevices
1
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Study
Unit 3A - 3rd floor, Southeast corner, Cedar Street
Cleaning Method: Test 2B - Surface cleaning using HEPA filtered vacuums. Area air
filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal
surfaces.
Equipment Used: Eureka® Upright, Craftsman® Shop Vacuum and AFD.
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 1,368 sq. ft.; 14,364 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 23.94 min @ 600 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 1,368 sq. ft. loft facing Cedar Street is utilized as office space for the
Baldwin Realty Company. Carpeting covers half the floor space. The remainder is hardwood
flooring. All exterior windows were intact. Minimal dust was present in the space, except for
baseboard heating elements and window sash frames. The space is furnished with office
equipment including desks, chairs, file cabinets, and tables.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Exterior windows and sashes
• Recessed lighting
• Fireplace interior
• Cracks and crevices
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
3
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Synopsis of Cleaning Methods by Building Area
Residential Apartments and Common Areas
Unit 2A. Test: 1B- Ridgid® shop vacuum, Hoover® upright, AFD, no HEPA. Soap and
water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces. This 1,335 sq. ft. loft with one bedroom faces
Cedar Street. Hardwood floors, no carpet, no windows blown in, all personal items
disposed except for a couch and chairs. Minimal dust accumulation in dwelling except
for baseboard heating elements.
Unit 2B. Test: 3A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, no AFD. Soap and water wet wipe
of all horizontal surfaces. This 946 sq. ft. loft with 2 separate bedrooms faces Cedar
Street. Hard wood floors, no carpet, no windows blown in, all personal items except a
couch, disposed of prior to cleanup. Minimal dust accumulation in dwelling except for
baseboard heating elements.
Second Floor Hallway. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Test: 4B- Soap
and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces (this hallway, ceiling and floors
only). Vinyl tiles on floor, sheet rock walls covered with wall paper glue, painted sheet
rock ceiling. Minimal dust accumulation.
Unit 3A. Test: 2B- Craftsman® shop vacuum, Eureka® upright, HEPA and AFD. Soap
and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces. This 1,368 sq. ft. loft (utilized as office
space for Baldwin Reality) faces Cedar Street. Carpet is present on half the floor
space; the remainder is hardwood floors. No windows blown in. The area is furnished
with 10-12 wood desks, files and office equipment. Minimal dust accumulation in
dwelling.
Unit 3B. Scope A- Lower Manhattan Cleaning Procedure: Industrial HEPA-filtered
vacuums, AFD. Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces. This
968 sq. ft. loft with three bedrooms faces Cedar Street. Tenants plan to reoccupy
dwelling, therefore personal items except for mattresses, carpet and magazines
remained for cleaning. No windows blown in, hardwood floors, area completely
furnished, tenants clothes present. Minimal dust accumulation in dwelling except for
baseboard heating units.
Unit 3C. Test: 1A- Craftsman® shop vacuum, Eureka® upright, no HEPA, no AFD.
Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces. Test: 3B- Industrial
HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD, and soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical
surfaces. This 655 sq. ft. loft with two bedrooms faces ground zero. Hardwood floors,
windows blown in, no carpet, nearly all personal items disposed of prior to clean up.
Significant accumulation of dust in dwelling.
Unit 3D. Test: 1 A- Ridgid® shop vacuum, Hoover® upright, no HEPA, no AFD. Soap
and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces. This 968 sq. ft. loft with three bedrooms
faces ground zero. Hardwood floors, windows blown in, no carpet, all personal items
except for three pieces of hardwood furniture disposed of. Significant accumulation of
dust in dwelling.
1
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Third Floor Hallway. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuums, AFD. Test: 4B- Soap
and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces (this hallway, ceiling only).
Plywood floors, sheet rock walls covered with wall paper glue, painted sheet rock
ceiling. Minimal dust accumulation.
Unit 4A. Test: 2A- Craftsman® shop vacuum, Hoover® upright, HEPA, no, AFD. Soap
and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces. This 1,368 sq. ft. open loft, faces Cedar
Street. Hardwood floors, no windows blown in, all personal items removed prior to
cleanup. Minimal dust accumulation in dwelling except for baseboard heating units.
Unit 4B. Test: 2B- Ridgid® shop vacuum, Hoover® upright, HEPA, AFD. Soap and
water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces. This 968 sq. ft. loft with 4 bedrooms faces
Cedar Street. Personal items cleaned then bagged. Hardwood floors, no blown in
windows. Minimal dust accumulation in dwelling except for baseboard heating units.
Unit 4C. Test: 1A- Craftsman® shop vacuum, Eureka® upright, no HEPA, no AFD.
Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces. This 655 sq. ft. open loft faces
ground zero. Personal items cleaned then bagged. No carpet, hardwood floors,
windows blown in. Significant accumulation of dust in dwelling.
Unit 4D. Test: 2A- Ridgid® shop vacuum, Eureka® upright, HEPA, no AFD. Soap and
water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces. This 968 sq. ft. open loft faces ground zero.
Personal items cleaned then bagged. Hardwood floors, windows blown in. Significant
accumulation of dust in dwelling.
Fourth Floor Hallway. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Test: 4B- Soap
and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces (this hallway, ceiling only).
Plywood floors, sheet rock walls covered with wallpaper glue, painted sheet rock ceiling.
Minimal dust accumulation.
Unit 5A. Test: 3B- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Soap and water wet wipe of
all horizontal surfaces. This 1,404 sq. ft. loft with one bedroom faces Cedar Street.
Personal items cleaned then bagged. Hardwood floors, no carpet, one blown in
window. Minimal dust accumulation in dwelling except for baseboard heating units.
Unit 5C. Test: 3A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, no AFD. Soap and water wet wipe
of all horizontal surfaces. Test: 3B- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Soap and
water wet wipe of all horizontal surfaces. This 968 sq. ft. loft with three bedrooms faces
ground zero. Hardwood floors, no carpet, all personal items removed, windows blown
in. Significant accumulation of dust in dwelling.
2
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Unit 5D. Test: 3B- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Soap and water wet wipe of
all horizontal surfaces. This 1,024 sq. ft. open loft faces ground zero. All personal
items removed prior to cleaning. Windows blown in, hardwood floors, no carpet.
Significant accumulation of dust in dwelling.
Fifth Floor Hallway. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Test: 4B- Soap
and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces (this hallway, ceiling only).
Plywood floors, sheet rock walls covered with wallpaper glue, painted sheet rock ceiling.
Minimal dust accumulation.
Liberty Street Staircase. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Test: 4B-
Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces. Cast concrete
steps/landings, sheet rock walls and ceiling. All surfaces covered with gloss paint.
Minimal dust accumulation.
Cedar Street Staircase. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Test: 4B-
Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces. Wood steps/landings,
sheet rock walls and ceiling. Floor covered with vinyl tiles, walls and ceilings covered
with gloss paint. Minimal dust accumulation.
Commercial Units
Chiropractor's Office. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuums, AFD. Test: 4B-
Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces. Test: 4C- Carpet
cleaning using a commercial carpet wet vacuum with warm water. Test: 4D- A/C Duct
Cleaning. Test: 4E- Cleaning of bathroom tile floor and desk top wet wipe using water
only. This 716 sq. ft. office space with 4 examination rooms faces ground zero. All front
windows were blown in. Excessive amounts of dust present on all horizontal and
vertical surfaces. Floor areas covered with wall-to-wall carpeting; suspended ceiling
covered with fibrous tiles. A two foot high void space was above ceiling. Ceiling tiles,
flexible ventilation ducts and office equipment were removed and disposed of prior to
cleaning. Void space contained HVAC system, and wood floor joist system for third floor
apartment. This area contained WTC-related and non-WTC-related dust. The space
was extremely difficult to clean due to the present of electrical wires, recessed lighting
fixtures, sprinkler systems and the dry friable nature of the wood support system.
Mattress Store. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuums, AFD. Test: 4B-Soap and
water wet wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces. Test: 4C- Carpet cleaning using a
commercial carpet wet vacuum with a warm water shampoo solution. Test: 4D- A/C
Duct Cleaning.
Test: 4E- Cleaning of vinyl floor tile and window ledge wet wipe using water only. This
968 sq. ft. open space faces ground zero. All front windows blown in, excessive
amounts of dust present on all horizontal surfaces. Floor areas covered with wall-to-
wall carpeting and approximately 25 display mattresses and box springs. Ceiling tiles,
mattresses, office equipment and flexible ventilation ducts removed and disposed of
prior to cleanup. Void space above suspended ceiling exhibited same characteristics as
in the Chiropractor's office.
3
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Basement
Elevator Shaft/Compactor Room. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Soil
floor in elevator shaft, concrete floor in compactor room. Cinderblock walls, exposed
floor joists.
Commercial Units (Non-Study)
Lemongrass Grill. Test: 4A-lndustrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Test 4D-A/C Duct
Cleaning. This 3,500 sq. ft. unit has two floors. The first floor is at street level with
entrances from both Liberty and Cedar Streets. The lower level (basement) was used
for food preparation and storage. Gypsum ceilings and hard wood floors are present
throughout the dining area. Wood floor joists from the first floor constitute the
basement ceiling. The floor is concrete. The dining area is decorated with typical Thai
accents consisting of bamboo and thatch. Grills, ovens, refrigerators, tables, chairs and
a bar are on the first floor. The basement contains a walk-in refrigerator, freezers,
preparation table, a dishwasher and dry good storage. The establishment's HVAC
system is suspended from the ceiling of the first floor. All exterior windows facing the
WTC were blown inward, depositing significant amounts of dust on all surfaces of the
first floor. Minimal dust was present in the basement. Prior to cleaning, all tables,
chairs, containerized food and accent decorations were disposed. Restaurant
equipment including woks, utensils, pots, pans and flatware were vacuumed and
washed.
The Food Exchange. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Test 4D- A/C
Duct Cleaning. This 5,000 sq. ft. unit has three floors. The first floor is at street level
with entrances from both Liberty and Cedar Streets. This floor was used for food
service and customer dining. The lower level (basement) was used for food preparation
and storage. The third level (sub-basement) was used for storage of restaurant
equipment. Ceramic tile covers the floor area in both the dining room and the
basement. The floor of the sub-basement is packed soil. All exterior windows had
been blown inward depositing significant amounts of dust on all surface areas of the
first floor. Minimal dust was present in the basement. The first floor ceiling by the
Liberty Street entrance is made of gypsum board. The ceiling on the Cedar Street
entrance consists of suspended acoustical tile covered with a decorative tin facing.
Above the suspended ceiling is a two foot void space that houses the HVAC system for
the establishment. The basement ceiling is a suspended fibrous tile ceiling. The void
space above both suspended ceilings and the gypsum ceiling contained both WTC-
related and non-WTC-related dust. Asbestos pipe insulation was present in the void
space of the basement. Grills, refrigerators, tables and chairs are present on the first
floor. The basement contains walk-in refrigerators, preparation tables, stoves,
dishwashing areas and dry good storage. Prior to cleaning, all open and bulk stored
food; fibrous ceiling tiles in the basement; and wrap insulation that had surrounded the
HVAC systems were disposed of. The HVAC system is located in the void space
above the dining room ceiling.
4
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The Barber Shop. Test: 4A- Industrial HEPA-filtered vacuum, AFD. Test 4E- Water wet
wipe of all horizontal and vertical surfaces. This 1,268 sq. ft. open space facing the
WTC Site is located below grade to Liberty Street. The front door of the business was
blown inward depositing significant amounts of dust and debris down the staircase into
the rental space. Floor areas were covered with ceramic tiles; the ceiling is a
suspended system using fibrous tiles. Above the suspended ceiling is a void space
which accommodates flexible A/C ducts, electrical conduit and lights. All structural
support members above the ceiling were encapsulated with a non-asbestos insulating
material. Equipment including chairs, wash sinks, counters and hair care displays were
located in the shop. The head space above the entrance door houses an A/C
condenser/com pressor unit that was heavily impacted with WTC contaminated dust and
debris. Ceiling tiles, flexible duct, chairs, display shelving and hair care merchandise
were disposed of prior to cleaning. Ancillary rooms are adjacent to the shop space that
extends under Liberty Street. These rooms have earthen floors and are believed to be
associated with utility companies. They were not cleaned.
Exterior A/C Condenser/Compressor Units
A/C Condenser/Compressor Units. Test: 2A- Craftsman® shop vacuum, HEPA, no
AFD. Three commercial condenser/compressor units and four residential
condenser/com pressor units were inspected to determine if they required cleaning of
WTC-related dust. No significant dust was present on the exterior and interior surfaces
of the four residential units. It is believed that the condenser/com pressor units were
cleaned prior to the study, by contractors retained by the owner, to remove dust and
debris from the building roof. The three commercial condenser/compressor units had
minimal to moderate WTC-related dust/debris.
5
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Fact Sheets
6
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Study and Non-Study
Exterior A/C Condenser/Compressor Units
Three commercial size condenser/compressor units and one cooling tower are located on the
atrium roof and four residential size condenser/compressor units are located on the 5th floor roof.
Cleaning Method: Test 2A - Surface cleaning utilizing a vacuum equipped with HEPA
filtration.
Equipment Used: Craftsman® Shop Vacuum
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: N/A
AFD Status: Not Required
AFD Specifications: N/A
Unit Air Exchange Rate: N/A
Minimum Air Exchange Required: N/A
Description: Three condenser/compressor units and four residential condenser/compressor
units were inspected to determine if they required cleaning of WTC-related dust. No significant
dust was present on the exterior and interior surfaces of the four residential units. It is believed
that the condenser/compressor units were cleaned prior to the pilot, by contractors retained by
the owner, to remove dust and debris from the building roof. The three commercial
condenser/compressor units had minimal to moderate WTC related dust/debris.
Units Inspected but not Cleaned:
The four condenser/compressor units for dwellings 3 A, 5A, 5C, and 5D require no cleaning.
Units Cleaned:
• The Food Exchange restaurant cooling tower located on the building atrium roof
• THAI Restaurant condenser/compressor unit located on the atrium roof
• Commercial Unit 1, Chiropractors office, condenser/compressor unit
• Commercial Unit 2, Mattress showroom, condenser/compressor unit
Difficult Areas Encountered:
None
25
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Study
Mattress Store
2nd Floor, Northwest corner, Liberty Street
Cleaning Methods: Test
4A - Area air filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Surface cleaning using a vacuum
equipped with HEPA filtration. Nilfisk® Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD
4B - Surface cleaning of horizontal and vertical surfaces using a wet wipe with soap and water.
4C - Carpet cleaning using a commercial carpet wet vacuum with a warm water shampoo
solution. "Carpet Express" (Model C-4)
4D - A/C Duct Cleaning. One A/C system located above the suspended ceiling supplies the
showroom with air conditioning. The system has two central return grills located under and
adjacent to the air handler. All flexible duct lines were removed and disposed of. Supply
diffusers and return grills were removed for cleaning and reinstalled. A professional HVAC
cleaning company was contracted to clean the HVAC system in accordance with the following
work outline.
¦ The workspace was protected using plastic and tape immediately under the duct system and
in proximity of the working equipment.
¦ Diffusers and return grills were removed.
¦ Diffusers and return grills were treated with a degreasing agent.
¦ The distribution duct was sealed with a protective barrier to prevent blow back of debris.
¦ Diffusers and return grills were washed of degreasing agent and sanitized.
¦ The distribution duct and surrounding areas were HEPA vacuumed.
¦ The distribution duct openings degreased and sanitized.
4E - Surface cleaning of horizontal and vertical surfaces consisting of wet wipe using water
only (vinyl floor tile and window ledge).
Equipment used: Nilfisk® Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD; Carpet wet vacuum, (Model C-4)
Filtration status: HEPA
Unit Size: 946 sq. ft.; 9,460 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required under methods A and D
AFD specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit air exchange rate: 23.65 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 968 sq. ft. mattress showroom faces the WTC Site. An exterior
window wall had been blown inward, depositing significant amounts of dust throughout the
showroom. Approximately twenty-five mattresses were on display in the showroom. Floor
areas were covered with wall-to-wall carpet and padding. A two-foot void space is located
above the suspended fibrous tile ceiling. The void space contains an A/C air handling system
that is suspended from the wood floor joist construction of the 3rd floor unit. The void space
accommodates the sewer drain pipe, electrical and telephone wires, A/C system duct work, and
lighting and fire protection systems. The void space contained dust both related to and not related
to the WTC attack. Ceiling tiles, flexible ducts, furniture, and display items were disposed of
prior to cleaning.
17
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Study
Mattress Store - Continued
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Ceiling void space was cluttered with utilities.
• The wood structural members above the void space were porous and flaking.
• Minimal space was available in the void space making it difficult to work.
• Hydronic baseboard heating units were difficult to clean using vacuum equipment only.
• Wall-to-wall carpeting was difficult to clean thoroughly.
• Frequent clogging of vacuum filtration systems occurred due to the quantity of dust.
18
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Study
Chiropractor's Office
2n Floor, Northwest corner, Liberty Street
Cleaning Methods: Test
4A - Area air filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Surface cleaning utilizing an
industrial vacuum equipped with HEPA filtration. Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD.
4B - Surface cleaning of horizontal and vertical surfaces using a wet wipe with soap and water.
4C - Carpet cleaning using a commercial carpet wet vacuum with warm water Carpet Express
(Model C-4)
4D - A/C Duct Cleaning. One air handling system located above the suspended ceiling supplies
interior offices with air conditioning. The system has a central return grill located under the air
handler. All flexible duct lines were removed and disposed of. Supply diffusers and return grills
were removed for cleaning and reuse. A professional HVAC cleaning company was contracted
to clean the HVAC system in accordance with the following work outline:
¦ The work area immediately under the A/C system was protected using plastic sheeting.
¦ Diffusers and return grills were cleaned with a degreasing agent.
¦ Openings in the distribution duct were sealed with a protective barrier to prevent debris blow
back.
¦ Distribution ducts were cleaned using mechanical brushes under negative air and HEPA
filtration, then washed with a degreasing agent.
¦ The blower unit was washed with a degreaser, and the residues were removed using a
vacuum.
¦ All distribution ducts were fogged with a biocide, then encapsulated with an FDA approved
sealer.
4E - Surface cleaning of horizontal and vertical surfaces consisting of wet wipe using water only
(bathroom floor and desk top).
Equipment Used: Nilfisk® Vacuum (CFM 127); AFD; Carpet wet vacuum, (Model C-4)
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 836 sq. ft.; 8,360 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required under method A and D
AFD Specifications: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 20.9 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
15
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Study
Chiropractor's Office - Continued
Unit description: This 716 sq.ft. commercial office space with four examination rooms faces
the WTC site. All front windows had been blown inward, depositing significant amounts of dust
and debris throughout the unit. Floor areas were covered with wall-to-wall carpet and padding.
A two-foot void space is located above the suspended fibrous tile ceiling. The void space
contains an A/C system suspended from the wood floor joist construction of the 3rd floor unit.
The space accommodates sewer drain pipes, electrical and telephone wires, A/C system duct
work, and lighting and fire protection systems. The void space contained dust both related and
not related to the WTC attack. Ceiling tiles, flexible duct and office equipment were removed
and disposed of prior to cleaning.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• The ceiling void space was cluttered with utilities.
• The wood structural members above the void space were porous and flaking.
• Minimal space was available in the void spaces, making it difficult to work efficiently.
• The hydronic baseboard heating units were difficult to clean.
• The wall-to-wall carpeting was difficult to clean thoroughly.
• Frequent clogging of vacuum filtration systems occurred due to the quantity of dust.
16
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Study
Common Areas
Vestibule, Elevator, Stairwells, Hallways, Utility Rooms, Trash Chute Accesses and Laundry
Room.
Cleaning Method: Test 4A, 4B - Surface cleaning using industrial filtered vacuums. Air
filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all horizontal and
vertical surfaces.
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD.
Filtration Status: HEP A
Unit Size: Four Levels Total:
Hallways (per level)
Vestibule
Elevator Compartment
Laundry Room
Utility Rooms
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specifications: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 19.5 min at 400 cfm (hallway)
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Description: The vestibule is located on Cedar Street and provides access to the building's
only elevator and one stairwell. A second stairwell is accessed from Liberty Street. Four
hallways connect the two stairwells and elevator access point on each floor (2nd floor to 5th
floor). Each hallway contains a utility room with a trash chute access. The laundry room is
located off of the 2nd floor hallway. The common areas contain no porous building material. All
walls and ceilings in the stairwells are painted. Carpeting is not present in any of the common
areas. Minimal dust was observed in the common areas.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• The common areas were used daily by all individuals working in the building. These areas
were frequently damp mopped to control the migration of dust.
• Dust accumulations were heavy at the base of the walls where the baseboard trims were
removed.
• Hallway walls were vacuumed, but not wet wiped as a result of wallpaper paste residue left
when the wallpaper was removed prior to the pilot study.
2,556 sq. ft.; 30,492 cu. ft.
639 sq. ft.; 7,623 cu. ft.
150 sq. ft.; 1,500 cu. ft.
48 sq. ft.; 384 cu. ft.
(Included as hallway)
(Included as hallway)
14
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Non-Study
Barber Shop
This unit is located in the basement.
Cleaning Method: Test 4A - Surface cleaning using industrial HEPA filtered vacuums.
Area air filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Test 4E - Water wet wipe of all
horizontal and vertical surfaces.
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD.
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 1,268 sq. ft.; 15,216 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 25.36 min @ 600 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Rate: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 1,268 sq. ft. open space facing the WTC Site is located below grade
to Liberty Street. The front door of the business was blown inward depositing significant
amounts of dust and debris down the staircase into the rental space. Floor areas are covered with
ceramic tiles; the ceiling is a suspended system using fiberous tiles. Above the suspended ceiling
is a void space which accommodates flexible A/C ducts, electrical conduit and lights. All
structural support members above the ceiling are encapsulated with a non-asbestos insulating
material. Equipment including chairs, wash sinks, counters and hair care displays are located in
the shop. The headspace above the entrance door houses an A/C condenser/compressor unit that
was heavily impacted with WTC contaminated dust and debris. Ceiling tiles, flexible duct,
chairs, display shelving and hair care merchandise where disposed of prior to cleaning. Adjacent
to the shop space are ancillary rooms that extend under Liberty Street. These rooms have earthen
floors and are believed to be associated with utility companies. They were not cleaned.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Sprayed-on insulation/fire protection applied to structural members in the void space above
the suspended ceiling prevented effective vacuuming of the area.
• Significant quantities of WTC dust and debris were deposited into the remote A/C
condenser/compressor unit and associated housing.
• The space above the fixed ceiling at the entrance to the Barber Shop stairwell was heavily
impacted, requiring special preparation for access and removal of bulk quantities of WTC
dust/debris.
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Non-Study
The Food Exchange
1st floor, basement and sub-basement Cedar & Liberty Street
Cleaning Method: Test 4A - Surface cleaning using industrial HEPA filtered vacuums.
Area air filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all
horizontal surfaces.
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 1st floor- 2,324 sq. ft.; 31,606 cu. ft.; basement- 2,596 sq. ft.; 36,344 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit air exchange rate: 1st floor 15.80 min @ 2000 cfm, basement 18.17 min @ 2000 cfm.
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: The restaurant encompasses approximately 5,000 square feet. It may be
entered from either a Cedar Street or a Liberty Street entrance. The establishment is comprised of
three floors. The first floor is at street level. This floor was used for food service and customer
dining. The lower level (basement) was used for food preparation and storage. The third level
(sub-basement) was used for storage of restaurant equipment. Ceramic tile covers the floor area
in both the dining room and the basement. The floor of the sub-basement is packed soil. All
exterior windows had been blown inward depositing significant amounts of dust on all surface
areas of the first floor. Minimal dust was present in the basement. The first floor ceiling by the
Liberty Street entrance is made of gypsum board. The ceiling on the Cedar Street entrance
consists of suspended acoustical tile covered with a decorative tin facing. Above the suspended
ceiling is a two-foot void space that houses the HVAC system for the establishment. The
basement ceiling is a suspended fibrous tile ceiling. The void space above both suspended
ceilings and the gypsum ceiling, contained both WTC related and non-WTC related dust.
Asbestos pipe insulation was present in the void space of the basement. Grills, refrigerators,
tables and chairs are present on the first floor. The basement contains walk-in refrigerators,
preparation tables, stoves, dishwashing areas, and dry good storage. Prior to cleaning, all open
and bulk stored food, fibrous ceiling tiles in the basement, and wrap insulation that had
surrounded the HVAC systems, were disposed of. The HVAC system located in the void space
above the dining room ceiling consists of two air handlers that provide heat or cooling to the first
floor via separate solid metal supply ducts. The system return is from the dining area and void
space located above the first floor. Cleaning of this system was performed by a subcontractor in
accordance with a site-specific scope of work prepared by Covino Environmental Associates Inc.
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Non-Study
The Food Exchange - Continued
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• The ceiling void space was cluttered.
• The wood structural members above void space were porous and flaking.
• Asbestos pipe wrap insulation was present in void space.
• Removal of ceiling tiles created dusty conditions.
• Insect and rodent infestations created unpleasant work conditions.
• Frequent clogging of vacuum filtration systems occurred due to the quantity of dust and
rodent droppings.
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Non-Study
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Approximately 200 lbs. of spoiled fish, meat and poultry were removed from freezers and
refrigerators.
• There was encrusted grease on, and adjacent to, all cooking surfaces, stove exhaust systems
and floor areas.
• Wood structural members in the basement preparation area were porous and flaking.
• Insect and rodent infestations created unpleasant work conditions.
• Frequent clogging of vacuum filtration systems occurred due to the quantity of dust and
rodent droppings.
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Study
Unit 5D - 5th floor, Northeast corner, Liberty Street
Cleaning Method: Test 3B - Surface cleaning using industrial HEPA filtered vacuums.
Area air filtration utilizing an air filtration device (AFD). Soap and water wet wipe of all
horizontal surfaces.
Equipment Used: Nilfisk™ Vacuum (CFM 127), AFD
Filtration Status: HEPA
Unit Size: 968 sq. ft.; 10,648 cu. ft.
AFD Status: Required
AFD Specification: 400/600 cfm
Unit Air Exchange Rate: 26.62 min @ 400 cfm
Minimum Air Exchange Required: Every 30 minutes
Unit Description: This 968 sq. ft. open loft faces the WTC Site. The unit has hardwood
floors and no carpeting. All exterior windows had been blown inward depositing significant
amounts of dust and debris throughout the dwelling. All personal items were disposed of prior to
the cleanup. Significant dust was accumulated in the dwelling.
Difficult Areas Encountered:
• Hydronic baseboard heating units
• Boarded up window openings
• Cracks and crevices
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Attachment I
HVAC Cleaning Procedures
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General Procedures for Cleaning WTC-Related Contaminants from
Ventilation Systems at 110 Liberty Street, New York, New York
1.0 SCOPE
The procedures contained in this document provide guidance for cleaning WTC-related dust in two
commercial ventilation systems and in a combustion air make-up riser for the residential units within the
building located at 110 Liberty Street, New York, New York, and for post-cleaning verification
sampling. This document includes performance requirements and post-cleaning verification sampling
for cleaning WTC-related dust and debris from ventilation systems consisting of fans, housings, ducts,
air control devices, grilles and other components.
2.0 PURPOSE
The purpose of this document is to provide minimum requirements for cleaning ventilation system
components that were impacted by airborne dust from the WTC collapse, and to provide procedures for
post-cleaning verification sampling following clean-up.
WTC-related dust is generally considered to have common, consistent, and readily observable
characteristics visually and tactilely differentiating it from common dust. WTC-related dust generally
contains extremely fine particles similar in consistency to talcum powder, is light-colored, contains
pulverized concrete and/or gypsum wallboard, and may contain asbestos fibers. Unless otherwise
indicated by sampling and analytical testing, the following components shall be assumed to be present in
WTC-related dust:
• Man-made Vitreous Fibers
• Crystalline Silica
• Lead
• Asbestos
For this project, all specified ventilation system components shall be assumed to contain WTC-related
dust and shall be cleaned accordingly.
Where sampling and analysis indicate that dust and debris in ventilation systems contain only crystalline
silica, man-made vitreous fibers, lead, or <1% asbestos contamination, this procedure specifies that duct
systems shall be cleaned only while maintained under negative pressure using HEPA-filtered vacuum
collection equipment specific to the duct cleaning industry. All cleaning of air handling equipment shall
be performed within containment structures that are maintained under negative pressure using HEPA-
filtered air filtration devices.
Where sampling and analysis indicate that dust and debris within a ventilation system contains 1% or
greater asbestos as determined by standard sampling and analytical techniques, the ventilation system
cleaning procedure shall be designed by a New York-licensed Project Designer. The cleaning will be
performed in accordance with local, state and federal regulations as specified in the Project Design.
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3.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
This section provides full bibliography for references made within this document, or considered in
preparation of this document. Cleaning and post-cleaning verification sampling should be conducted in
a manner that is fully compliant with the guidance provided in the following documents, to the extent
applicable.
1. ACR 2002, Assessment, Cleaning and Restoration of HVAC Systems, National Air Duct Cleaning
Association, Washington, D.C. (2002).
ACR 2002 specifies procedures for cleaning HVAC systems.
2. NADCA Standard 97-05, Requirements for the Installation of Service Openings in HVAC Systems,
National Air Duct Cleaning Association, Washington, D.C. (1997).
NADCA 97-05 includes procedures for installing service openings in HVAC systems and
construction and material specifications for replacement panels, plates or access doors to cover
such openings.
3. SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible, Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning
Contractors' National Association, Inc., 2nd Edition (1995).
The SMACNA standard includes construction and material specifications for access doors for
covering service openings as required under 7.5 and 11.1.3 of this document.
4. SMACNA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards, Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors'
National Association, Inc., 6th Edition (1992).
The SMACNA standard includes construction and material specifications for access doors for
covering service openings as required under item 6.5.1.2 of this document.
5. NFPA Standards 90A, Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems, and
90B, Standard for the Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems, National Fire
Protection Association (1999 Edition).
The NFPA standards include construction and material specifications for replacement coverings on
service openings as required under item 6.5.1.2 of this document.
6. Cleaning Fibrous Glass Insulated Air Duct Systems, North American Insulation Manufacturers
Association (NAIMA), 1993
This document provides guidance for cleaning fibrous glass-insulated interior ventilation system
surfaces.
7. ASHRAE 33-78, Methods of Testing Forced Circulation Air Cooling and Air Heating Coils,
American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), 1978
This document contains procedures for testing air flow through ventilation system thermal coils.
8. ARI410-91 Forced-Circulation Air-Cooling and Air-Heating Coils, Air Conditioning and
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Refrigeration Institute (ARI), 1991
This document contains procedures for testing air flow through ventilation system thermal coils.
9. ASHRAE 62-2001, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, American Society of Heating,
Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Clients (ASHRAE), 2001
This document provides performance and evaluation criteria for acceptable general ventilation
system operation.
10. Military Standard 282, United States Department of Defense (DOD), 1956
This document contains leak testing procedures for in-place filters used in air filtration devices, HEPA
vacuums and vacuum collection equipment.
11. AMCA 99-86, Standards Handbook, Air Movement and Control Association, 1986
This document contains specifications for air filtration devices.
12. ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration, American
Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), 1991
This document defines terminology for use in referring to ventilation systems and components.
13. OSHA Regulations 29 CFR 1910, Occupational Health and Safety Standards
The OSHA regulations specify health and safety requirements for protecting employees during the
inspection procedures.
14. Title 15, Chapter 1, Rules of City of New York Asbestos Regulations
This document contains New York City regulations regarding asbestos abatement.
15. NYSDOL - DOSH Regulations - Part 56. ASBESTOS
This document contains New York State regulations regarding asbestos abatement.
16. NYC Guidelines on Assessment and Remediation of Fungi in Indoor Environments
This document contains New York City guidelines regarding microbial remediation.
4.0 CHARACTERIZATION OF DUST/ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Prior to the start of work, an evaluation of the dust shall be performed by an independent environmental
service contractor. The independent environmental service Contractor shall be experienced in performing
all necessary sampling procedures for analytical evaluation of the WTC -related dust.
Prior to the start of work, the independent environmental service Contractor shall make a determination
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as to whether the following contaminants are present:
• Man-made Vitreous Fibers
• Crystalline Silica
• Lead
• Asbestos
Bulk samples when applicable will be collected for quantitative analysis of the above-referenced
analytes. Samples for analysis of man-made vitreous fibers, crystalline silica, lead and Asbestos may
only be submitted to an EPA approved laboratory. Wipe samples and air samples may be taken when the
quantity of dust to be analyzed is insufficient for bulk collection.
The onsite Environmental Cleaning Contractor shall note any mold growth, rodent droppings, or other
biological hazards if observed.
5.0 SITE EXAMINATION
Prior to commencing work, all ventilation system/duct cleaning professionals shall visit the site to
examine the conditions under which the work is to be performed in order to identify those conditions that
might adversely affect the work. These conditions may include, but may not be limited to the following:
1. Difficulty accessing ventilation system components.
2. Ventilation systems components located in parts of the building that are not included in the scope of
ventilation system cleaning, but that may cause the ventilation system components to become re-
contaminated following cleaning.
3. Asbestos-containing materials on ventilation system components to be cleaned or damaged asbestos-
containing materials in the vicinity of the ventilation system components to be cleaned.
4. Specific scaffolding and/or fall protection requirements.
6.0 VENTILATION SYSTEM/DUCT CLEANING FIRM REQUIREMENTS
6.1 The ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall meet the following minimum health and safety
requirements:
Appropriate Respiratory Protection Program as required by 29 CFR 1910.134.
Appropriate Hazard Communication Training as required by 29 CFR 1910.1200, to include
health hazards associated with man-made vitreous fibers, crystalline silica, lead, asbestos, and
microbiological hazards that may likely be encountered in ventilation systems, in addition to
chemicals brought on site to perform the work.
Prior experience in cleaning HVAC systems.
Appropriate personal protective equipment and written program.
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An experienced individual to act as a site health and safety supervisor to respond to unanticipated
health hazards that may be encountered on the site and to ensure implementation of required
health and safety practices.
6.2 In addition to the above minimum requirements, the duct cleaning professional shall meet the
following contaminant-specific requirements:
6.2.1 Man-made Vitreous Fibers - appropriate Hazard Communication training and personal
protective equipment
6.2.2 Crystalline Silica - appropriate Hazard Communication training and personal protective
equipment
6.2.3 Lead - appropriate Hazard Communication training, ability to perform personal exposure
monitoring for airborne lead, ability to comply with requirements of 29 CFR 1910.1025
6.2.4 Asbestos (< 1%) — appropriate Hazard Communication training, ability to perform
personal exposure monitoring for airborne asbestos, ability to comply with requirements
of 29 CFR 1910.1001
6.3 All workers shall possess current EPA-accredited training as an Asbestos Worker (32-hour
training) or as an Asbestos Supervisor (40-hour training).
7.0 GENERAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
In general, all cleaning of air moving equipment and active plenums shall be performed under negative
pressure using HEPA-filtered air filtration devices. All ducts that are cleaned shall be maintained under
negative pressure using HEPA-filtered vacuum collection equipment specific to the duct cleaning
industry. Air filtration devices and vacuum collection equipment shall be exhausted to the outdoors.
After cleaning of the ventilation system, any areas that are affected by the work must be as clean or
cleaner than their condition prior to the start of work, and must meet post-cleaning verification
requirements contained in 8.2 of this document.
7.1 Containment: WTC-related dust and debris removed by cleaning/remediation process shall be
collected and precautions taken to ensure that the debris is not otherwise dispersed outside the
ventilation system during cleaning. After cleaning of the ventilation system, any areas that are
affected by the work must be as clean or cleaner than their condition prior to the start of work.
7.1.1 When working outside the negative air pressure system the ventilation system/duct
cleaning firm shall install plastic sheeting on the floor surface under and at a minimum of
3 feet outside the perimeter of the system. All exposed service tools and equipment shall
be free of debris and contamination from the ventilation system. Tools and equipment
include (but are not limited to): Vacuum collection equipment, vacuum hoses and
attachments, air lines and hoses, brushes, extension rods, cables, ladders, power tools,
hand tools, zoning devices, and inspection equipment.
7.1.1.2 Contaminated tools and equipment shall be maintained in poly bags until cleaned
in the designated decontamination area at the work site.
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7.1.1.3 Hoses, cables, and extension rods shall be cleaned free of visible debris with
suitable sanitary damp wipes at the point they are withdrawn from exposed
ventilation system components or containment areas into general occupant areas.
7.1.2 Upon removing duct diffusers and grilles prior to cleaning, the ventilation system/duct
cleaning firm shall provide adequate containment measures to prevent contaminant
exposure from accumulated debris on these devices.
7.2 Equipment: All service equipment must operate on standard 110 VAC, 20A circuits.
7.2.1 Vacuum Collection Equipment: All vacuum collection equipment or air filtration devices
shall utilize a minimum of HEPA filtration (99.97% at 0.3 micron) final collection
efficiency at the device's exhaust. Multi-sectioned equipment must not be opened or
detached in occupied areas once contaminated with debris. Vacuum collection
equipment shall provide sufficient negative airflow velocity in the ventilation system zone
being serviced to draw dislodged debris from the mechanical cleaning device to the
vacuum's collection chamber (typically a minimum of 3000 feet per minute (fpm) in the
portion of the HVAC system being cleaned.
7.2.2 Pressurized Air Source Used for Cleaning Devices: Must provide a minimum of 175 PSI
at a volume of 15 cubic feet per minute. Device must provide pressurized air free of
significant moisture, oil and toxic vapors, or be equipped with adequate filtration and
dryers to remove such contamination. The ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall
provide ongoing documentation of the device's delivery of contaminant-free pressurized
air.
7.3 Component Cleaning: Mechanical Cleaning procedures include the dislodging of WTC-related
dust and debris on the interior surfaces of the ventilation system by manual, mechanical,
pneumatic, or hydro-agitation. Loosened debris shall be collected and removed from the
ventilation system using suitable vacuum collection equipment and/or HEPA vacuuming
methods, as specified.
7.3.1 Cleaning Non-Porous ventilation system components: Cleaning methods shall be used
that will render the ventilation system components visibly clean. No cleaning method
shall be used which will damage components of the ventilation system or significantly
alter the integrity of the system.
7.3.2 Cleaning Porous Ventilation System Components: Cleaning method shall be used that
will render the ventilation system components visibly clean and minimize fiber release
from the porous ventilation system component surface. No cleaning method should be
used which will damage components of the ventilation system or significantly alter the
integrity of the system. Porous ventilation system components which exhibit increased
potential for fiber release (i.e. damaged internal surface bond or coating, and open internal
seams and joints) shall be replaced or encapsulated with a product approved for that
purpose upon completion of Mechanical Cleaning procedures.
7.4 Encapsulation of Ventilation System Components: Encapsulation of porous or degraded
porous ventilation system components shall be employed only after cleaning and successful
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completion of post-cleaning verification procedures by the Environmental Cleaning Contractor
(see 8.2 of this document).
7.4.1 Encapsulant coatings shall be applied directly to the interior porous surfaces of ventilation
system components by hand brushing, rolling, or troweling, or via spray system, with a
maximum distance of 24" from the spray discharge tip to the surface being treated.
Encapsulant coatings may not be fogged into the system. A continuous film thickness
should be achieved in treated areas, as per manufacturer's instructions.
7.4.2 Ventilation system control devices, heating elements, sensing equipment, grilles, and fans
must be adequately blocked off or masked so that they will remain free from over-spray
from the Encapsulation process.
7.5 Service openings: All access ways cut in the ventilation system for inspection and/or cleaning
must be repaired so that they shall not significantly alter the airflow or adversely impact the
facility's indoor air quality. All openings made in the ventilation system must be sealed in
accordance with industry standards and local codes, using materials acceptable under those
standards and codes (see Appendix B).
7.6 Disposal of Debris: All waste and debris removed from the ventilation system shall be double-
bagged in 6-mil polyethylene bags and disposed of in accordance with all applicable federal,
state, and local requirements.
8.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE
8.1 Health and Safety: The ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall comply with all applicable
federal, state, and local requirements for protecting the safety of the ventilation system/duct
cleaning firm's employees, building occupants, and the environment. No processes or materials
shall be employed in such a manner that they will create adverse health effects to the building
occupants, the ventilation system/duct cleaning firm's employees, or the general public.
8.1.1 The ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall perform initial exposure monitoring of its
employees for asbestos and lead in accordance with 29 CFR 1910. 1001 and 29 CFR
1910.1025, respectively.
8.1.2 Ventilation system/duct cleaning firm's employees shall use respiratory protection in
compliance with OSHA 1910.134
8.1.3 Regardless of exposure assessment results, at minimum the ventilation system/duct
cleaning firm's employees shall wear properly fitted, HEPA-filtered (P-100) negative
half-mask respirators when performing any work related tasks on site which might expose
them to elevated levels of airborne particulate.
8.2 Post-cleaning Verification: Prior to re-commissioning a cleaned section of the ventilation
system (at the end of the work shift, etc.), the ventilation system/duct cleaning firm will obtain
cleanliness clearance from the Environmental Cleaning Contractor. Ventilation system
cleanliness will be determined after mechanical cleaning and before the application of any
surface treatment or introduction of any treatment-related substance to the ventilation system.
Verification shall be conducted before the ventilation system is restored to normal operation.
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Ventilation system components may be evaluated by the Environmental Cleaning Contractor for
visible cleanliness via direct visual inspection or with a visual inspection system (i.e., mirrors,
horoscope, remote camera). The Environmental Cleaning Contractor may direct the ventilation
system/duct cleaning firm to provide additional access openings into the ventilation system, as
deemed necessary to thoroughly verify cleanliness.
8.2.1 All porous and non-porous ventilation system surfaces must be visibly clean and capable
of passing a visual inspection.
8.2.2 Cleaning of non-porous ventilation system surfaces shall be verified by surface wipe
sampling performed by the Environmental Cleaning Contractor using specified methods.
Surface wipe sampling for man-made vitreous fibers, crystalline silica, lead and asbestos
will be performed. Wipe sample results must meet the following criteria to established
that cleaning has been adequate:
Lead - less that 25 micrograms of lead per square foot using the specified method
Asbestos - no asbestos detected using the specified method
8.2.3 Pre-occupancy air testing: After successful completion of 8.2.1 and 8.2.2, and removal all
polyethylene sheeting, containments and any remaining visible debris, the ventilation
system shall be started up and air sampling for man-made vitreous fibers, crystalline
silica, lead and asbestos will be performed performed by the Environmental Cleaning
Contractor using specified methods. Airborne concentrations of these contaminants shall
be within recommended guidelines for acceptable indoor air quality. Occupants may re-
enter the building only after successful completion of air monitoring.
8.3 Materials and Workmanship:
8.3.1 Work shall be executed by skilled persons who are thoroughly trained, experienced and
completely familiar with the specified requirements and the methods needed for proper
performance of the project, and shall be in conformance with the best practices of each
trade involved.
8.3.2 Work shall present a neat and workmanlike appearance when completed.
8.3.3 Finish of materials and components shall be consistent with industry good practice.
8.4 Cleaning: Work and storage areas shall be maintained and kept clean on a daily basis. The
ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall final clean the immediate work area(s) with a HEPA-
filtered vacuum cleaner to be free of any residual visible WTC-related dust. Materials removed
and debris resulting from the ventilation system/duct cleaning firm's work shall become the
property of the ventilation system/duct cleaning firm and shall be removed for appropriate
disposal (see 7.6 of this document).
9.0 WORK SEQUENCE AND SCHEDULING
9.1 As a general procedure, cleaning work should follow the ventilation system airflow, beginning at
the system's return air intakes. Cleaning should proceed from those points to the air handling unit
(AHU), then out through the air discharge points. This work sequence will reduce the
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likelihood of cleaned portions of the ventilation system being re-contaminated if the system is
reactivated at the end of the work shift.
9.2 Additional precautions that may be used to protect cleaned surfaces of the ventilation system
from being re-contaminated by uncleaned ventilation system surfaces. These may include: 1) the
installation of temporary duct blanks or zoning devices to separate cleaned sections, and 2)
installation of temporary air filters.
10.0 PRODUCTS
10.1 Encapsulants: Ventilation system encapsulation products shall be for specific use in ventilation
systems and applied per manufacturer's instructions. Encapsulants shall be water-based, with low
VOC (volatile organic compound) emissions, and meet NFPA smoke development and flame
spread requirements for HVAC system products.
10.1.1 Ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall maintain on-site MSDS copies for any
encapsulant product used in the ventilation system.
10.1.2 Ventilation system/duct cleaning firm will apply product in strict compliance with
manufacturer's recommended safety precautions for Ventilation system/duct cleaning
firm's personnel and building occupants.
10.1.3 Ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall comply with any applicable federal, state, or
local regulations regarding the use of such products.
10.2 Cleaning Chemicals: Any chemicals used in cleaning ventilation system components (i.e.
chemical cleaners, degreasers, etc.) shall be applied per manufacturer's instructions.
10.2.1 Ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall maintain on-site MSDS copies for any
cleaning chemical used in the ventilation system.
10.2.2 Ventilation system/duct cleaning firm shall comply with any applicable federal, state, or
local regulations regarding the use of such products.
11.0 EXECUTION
11.1 Preparation - General
11.1.1 Project Orientation/Preparation: Ensure that a site examination has been performed in
accordance with Section 5.0 of this document.
11.1.1.1 Task Coordination: A pre-task performance meeting shall be conducted for
the project.
11.1.1.2 Walk-through: Visually inspect the ventilation system prior to the start of
work and note any mechanical modifications. Note location of all electrical
panels for fuse reset. Note condition of fans, visible buildups, and accessible
ductwork.
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11.1.2 Site Preparation: To minimize possible contamination and damage, the ventilation
system/duct cleaning firm shall provide a negative pressure work area containment as
necessary during ventilation system remediation.
11.1.2.1 Negative pressure must be maintained by way of an attached external HEPA-
filtered air filtration device. The vacuum must provide at least eight (8) air-
changes in the containment per hour.
11.1.2.2 The AHU servicing the area being cleaned must be shut down or zoned-off and
remain so during the cleaning process.
11.1.2.3 Only properly trained, authorized individuals may enter the work area while
cleaning is being performed.
11.1.3 System Access: Provide necessary access for cleaning and inspection of the ventilation
system.
11.1.3.1 Remove and poly bag diffusers if transport to decontamination area will be
through non-containment areas. Clean all grilles and diffusers. Thoroughly dry
grilles and diffusers prior to re-installing after cleaning.
11.1.3.2 Install service openings as specified in Appendix B in return air handling
systems as necessary to facilitate inspection and cleaning procedures. Access
points should not exceed fifty (50) foot intervals to accommodate procedures
and final inspection, unless otherwise deemed acceptable by the building
management or Environmental Cleaning Contractor.
11.1.3.3 The structural integrity of the ductwork shall not be significantly altered by the
installation of service openings (See APPENDIX B).
11.1.4 Duct Zoning: Ventilation system/duct cleaning firm will isolate sections of the
ventilation system if needed to facilitate cleaning.
11.1.4.1 Prior to cleaning, ventilation system airflow control devices may be repositioned
and zoning devices installed in diffusers and ductwork as necessary to facilitate
negative airflow from vacuum collection equipment and to avoid contamination
from entering the conditioned air spaces.
11.1.4.2 All zoning devices shall be removed and airflow control devices reset to their
pre-cleaning positions upon completion of cleaning in the work area they serve.
11.1.4.3 Zoning devices must be disposed of or cleaned free of contaminant debris or
other suitable measures employed to prevent cross-contamination prior to reuse
in other ventilation system areas.
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11.2 General Cleaning Procedures
11.2.1 Hand wet-wiping: Wiping may be performed in cases where dry cleaning methods such as
HEPA vacuuming or mechanical brushing, cannot successfully remove contaminants of concern.
Damp wiping should be performed with disposable towels or rags properly wetted with Simple
Green or a similarly environmentally friendly degreasing agent. If disinfection is required, a
Foster Products 40-80 HVAC and Wall Disinfectant or equivalent quarternary ammonium
compound cleaning solution may be used.
It is not necessary to establish negative pressure in locations where wet wiping is the only
cleaning performed. If possible, the components to be cleaned should be removed, placed in a 6-
mil polyethylene bag, and cleaned outside of the occupant space. If removal of the components is
not possible, use of a disposable drop cloth in the work area is recommended.
11.2.2 Manual HEPA vacuum with soft bristle brush attachment: Manually vacuum internal HVAC
surfaces from top to bottom to remove all visible debris. Maintain the cleaning zone under
negative pressure (minimum -0.02 inches water gauge) using a HEPA filtered air filtration
device during manual vacuuming
11.2.3 Power driven mechanical or pneumatic brush system for duct runs: This type of equipment may
only be used in ducts where negative pressure has been established using a HEPA filtered
vacuum collection device (minimum of 3000 fpm air velocity in cleaning zone of the duct).
Always work in the direction of the air flow. Apply the mechanical brushing equipment to
dislodge debris from the interior surfaces of the duct. Following mechanical brushing, all
surfaces of the cleaning zone shall be air washed with a pressurized air source to transport all
dislodged debris to the vacuum collection device. Note that air washing alone is not a sufficient
cleaning method and will not be considered acceptable for proper duct cleaning.
11.2.4 Chemical wet cleaning of evaporator or chilled water coils: Wet cleaning of the coils and drip
pan shall be performed using commercially available coil cleaner, subject to approval of
Environmental Professional. Saturate the coils with a pump sprayer and thoroughly rinse with
clean water. Cleaning solution and rinse water will collect in the condensate drain pan; if
significant lead or asbestos contamination has been identified in the dust on the coils and/or in
the drain pan, the water must be collected and tested for proper disposal.
Maintain the cleaning zone under negative pressure using a HEPA filtered air filtration device. If
odors are present and it is not possible to exhaust the HEPA filtered air filtration device outside
the building, it may be necessary to use an activated carbon bed in air filtration device to
eliminate odors.
11.2.5 Electric Heating and Reheat coils: Clean electric heating and reheat coils using only dry
methods. No water or encapsulant may come into contact with electric heating or re-heat coils.
Dry clean using one or more of the following methods:
11.2.6 Manual HEPA vacuum
11.2.7 Pressurized air cleaning (only if cleaning zone is maintained under negative pressure)
11.2.8 Manual brushing using manual HEPA vacuum to collect dust
11
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Maintain the cleaning zone under negative pressure using a HEPA filtered air filtration device
whenever possible.
11.3 Site-specific Cleaning Procedures
11.3.1 Lemon Grass Restaurant
This is a 2,351 sq ft space with variable ceiling height. One air handling unit is located above the
ceiling toward the south end of the floor. This is a recirculating air unit with no outdoor air
supply. Return air enters the unit through a grille located in the side of the unit. The air handling
unit is accessible and is provided with access doors. The air handling unit distributes supply air
through a main supply air duct and several branch ducts. Supply air diffuser openings are located
on the underside of the supply duct (most of the diffusers have been removed). The supply
diffuser openings extend in a line to the north of the air handling units and are spaced
approximately 15' apart. There are approximately four 18" supply diffuser openings located to
the north of the air handling unit. There is a separate ducted make-up air system that delivers
outdoor air to the cooking stations. The make-up air system consists of a single duct with
diffuser openings on the underside of the duct, and a blower assembly that is located in-line with
the duct. Outdoor air is provided to the make-up air system through a ducted outdoor air intake
located in an exterior wall of the building approximately 10' above ground level.
VENTILATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS TO BE CLEANED
The following system components will be cleaned in the Lemon Grass Restaurant:
a. Air handling unit and components
b. Reheat Coil
c. Supply air ducts and terminal diffusers
d. Makeup Air System
e. Dissembled Duct Sections on Floor
CLEANING PROCEDURES
General: Any interior surfaces of the air handling unit or ventilation system that are porous shall
be cleaned using manual HEPA vacuuming methods. After successful completion of visual
inspection and verification sampling, a lockdown encapsulant shall be applied to the porous
surfaces using a hand-operated sprayer or brush, using care not to coat electrical or mechanical
components.
Note that if any dissembly of the air handling units is required to complete the work, the air
handling unit shall be reassembled by a qualified HVAC professional after all parts are dry and
are verified clean.
Note that all HEPA air filtration devices and HEPA-filtered vacuum collection devices shall be
exhausted to the outdoors.
12
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Air Handling Unit
1. Ensure that the air handling unit motor is locked out and is electrically isolated, and place
the air handling unit and its components under containment prior to beginning work. A
temporary Zip-wall containment of 6-mil, fire retardant polyethylene sheeting extending from
the floor to the ceiling deck, and maintained under negative pressure using a HEPA-filtered
air filtration device is sufficient. The footprint of the containment should be large enough to
accommodate a ladder or scaffolding. Note that WRS Infrastructure and Environment, Inc.
may construct the containment prior to the start of ventilation system cleaning. In addition,
WRS Infrastructure and Environment, Inc. shall install a service opening to facilitate cleaning
of interior components. The access panel shall be installed in the supply air duct between the
blower and the reheat coil.
2. Clean the filter racks at the return air side of the unit by damp wiping.
3. Prior to cleaning, place polyethylene sheeting underneath the coils. Wet clean the
upstream and downstream sides of cooling coils. Apply manufacturer-approved cleaning
solution to the coils using low pressure methods (i.e., airless sprayer, hand operated pump).
4. Clean the blower assembly and blower housing in place. The blower assembly and
blower housing shall be cleaned by a combination of hand vacuuming, damp wiping and air
washing. As required in this document, air washing shall only be performed after a vacuum
collection device has been installed.
5. HEPA vacuum remaining interior surfaces and components (e.g., condenser equipment
and compartment, controls, outside air vent to condenser compartment) to remove all visible
debris. No encapsulant materials may be used inside the condenser compartment.
6. Perform a final cleaning by wet-wiping and/or HEPA vacuuming methods of the interior
work area containment surfaces, ladders, equipment etc. prior to final visual inspection and
wipe sampling.
Reheat Coils
1. Clean the electric reheat coil (located inside the supply air duct) by dry vacuuming or air
washing. No liquids may come into contact with the electric reheat coil.
Supply Air Ducts and Terminal Diffusers
1. Remove all terminal diffusers into 6-mil polyethylene bags and proceed to the enclosure
constructed for cleaning of the air handling unit. Terminal diffusers shall be wet-cleaned.
The diffusers should be sprayed with Simple Green or a similar environmentally safe
degreaser and hand washed as needed to remove adhered materials.
2. Seal the diffuser openings using 6-mil polyethylene sheeting to be secured with duct tape.
3. Install a vacuum collection device at the terminal end of the duct section to be cleaned. If the
entire duct is not cleaned as one unit, then isolate the section of the duct to be cleaned using a
zoning device.
4. The supply air duct shall be cleaned using a pressurized air/mechanical brush system in
combination with a vacuum collection device. The direction of cleaning shall be from the air
handler toward the terminal end of the duct. (It is permissible to use a mechanical brush
followed by application of pressurized air in lieu of combination style equipment.) The
13
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vacuum collection equipment shall be configured to maintain a minimum of 3000 feet per
minute air velocity in the cleaning zone.
Make -Up Air System
1. All non-porous surfaces of the outdoor air intake located on the exterior of the building
shall be cleaned using manual wet-wiping and HEPA vacuuming methods as needed to
remove adhered materials. Note that the air intake for the condenser compartment of the
air handling unit is located adjacent to the outdoor air intake for the makeup air system
and should be cleaned concurrently.
2. The section of the duct from the outdoor air intake through the blower unit shall be
cleaned using HEPA vacuum methods. It may be necessary to install a service opening in
order to perform this cleaning.
3. Clean blower assembly and blower housing in place by a combination of hand
vacuuming, damp wiping and air washing. As required in this document, air washing
shall only be performed after a vacuum collection device has been installed.
4. Seal the diffuser openings using 6-mil ethylene sheeting to be secured with duct tape.
5. The makeup air duct shall be cleaned using a pressurized air mechanical brush system in
combination with a vacuum collection device. The direction of cleaning shall be from the
blower assembly toward the terminal end of the duct. (It is permissible to use a
mechanical brush followed by application of pressurized air in lieu of combination style
equipment.) It may be necessary to install a service opening in order to perform the duct
cleaning. The vacuum collection equipment shall be configured to maintain a minimum of
3000 feet per minute air velocity in the cleaning zone.
Dissembled Duct Sections on Floor
1. Transport dissembled duct sections to the enclosure constructed for cleaning of the air
handling unit for wet cleaning. The dissembled duct sections should be sprayed with
Simple Green or a similar environmentally safe degreaser and hand washed as needed to
remove adhered materials.
11.3.2 Food Exchange Restaurant
This is a 2,324 sq ft space with 10' high suspended acoustical ceiling on the south side and a
solid gypsum drywall suspended ceiling on the north side. An older tin ceiling is present on the
deck of the south side and an additional layer of gypsum is attached to the deck on the north side.
Prior to the start of work, the suspended acoustical ceiling on the south side will be removed by
WRS Infrastructure and Environment, Inc.
Two nearly side-by-side air handling units are located above the ceiling. These are recirculating
air units with no outdoor air supply. Return air enters the ceiling plenum through passive return
grilles located in the false ceiling below each unit. The air handling units draw return air from the
ceiling plenum through grilles in the sides of the units. The air handling units distribute supply air
to supply air ducts that extend to the north and to the south of the units. The ducts are
approximately 50' long (north-south dimension). Supply air is distributed to the occupant space
through supply diffusers off of the supply duct; the diffusers are flush with the false ceiling.
There are supply grilles off the supply air duct that extend in a line to the north and to the south
14
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of the air handling units; these are spaced approximately 15' apart. There are 5 supply grilles
each located to the north and south of the air handling units.. The air handling unit is not
provided with access doors and is difficult to access.
VENTILATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS TO BE CLEANED
The following system components in the Food Exchange Restaurant will be cleaned:
a. Air handling units and components
b. Supply air ducts and terminal diffusers
CLEANING PROCEDURES
General: Any interior surfaces of the air handling unit or ventilation system that are porous shall
be cleaned using manual HEPA vacuuming methods. After successful completion of visual
inspection and verification sampling, a lockdown encapsulant shall be applied to the porous
surfaces using a hand-operated sprayer or brush, using care not to coat electrical or mechanical
components.
Note that if any dissembly of the air handling units is required to complete the work, the air
handling unit shall be reassembled by a qualified HVAC professional after all parts are dry and
are verified clean.
Note that all HEPA air filtration devices and HEPA-filtered vacuum collection devices shall be
exhausted to the outdoors.
Air Handling Units
1. Ensure that the air handling unit motors are locked out and is electrically isolated, and place
the air handling units and their components under containment prior to beginning work. A
temporary Zip-wall containment of 6-mil, fire retardant polyethylene sheeting extending from
the floor to the ceiling deck, and maintained under negative pressure using a HEPA-filtered
air filtration device is sufficient. The footprint of the containment should be large enough to
accommodate a ladder or scaffolding. Note that WRS Infrastructure and Environment, Inc.
may construct the containment prior to the start of ventilation system cleaning.
2. Clean the filter racks at the return air sides of the units by damp wiping.
3. Prior to cleaning, place polyethylene sheeting underneath the coils. Wet clean the upstream
and downstream sides of cooling coils. Apply manufacturer-approved cleaning solution to
the coils using low pressure methods (i.e., airless sprayer, hand operated pump).
4. Clean the blower assembly and blower housing in place. The blower assembly and blower
housing shall be cleaned by a combination of hand vacuuming, damp wiping and air washing.
As required in this document, air washing shall only be performed after a vacuum collection
device has been installed.
5. HEPA vacuum remaining interior surfaces and components to remove all visible debris. No
encapsulant materials may be used inside the condenser compartment.
15
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Reheat Coils
1. Note that if reheat coils are present, by dry vacuuming or air washing. No liquids may come
into contact with the electric reheat coil.
Supply Air Ducts and Terminal Diffusers
1. Remove all terminal diffusers into 6-mil polyethylene bags and proceed to the enclosure
constructed for cleaning of the air handling unit. Terminal diffusers shall be wet-cleaned.
The diffusers should be sprayed with Simple Green or a similar environmentally safe
degreaser and hand washed as needed to remove adhered materials.
2. Seal the diffuser openings using 6-mil polyethylene sheeting to be secured with duct tape.
3. Install a vacuum collection device at the terminal end of the duct section to be cleaned. If the
entire duct is not cleaned as one unit, then isolate the section of the duct to be cleaned using a
zoning device.
4. The supply air duct shall be cleaned using a pressurized air/mechanical brush system in
combination with a vacuum collection device. The direction of cleaning shall be from the air
handler toward the terminal end of the duct. (It is permissible to use a mechanical brush
followed by application of pressurized air in lieu of combination style equipment.) The
vacuum collection equipment shall be configured to maintain a minimum of 3000 feet per
minute air velocity in the cleaning zone. (See Requirements Section for use of this
equipment.)
11.3.3 Combustion Make-up Air Riser
The combustion make-up air riser extends from the ceiling of a second floor mechanical closet to
the roof of the building.
VENTILATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS TO BE CLEANED
The following system components will be cleaned:
a. Combustion riser
b. Associated vents
c. Roof cap
CLEANING PROCEDURES
Note that the HEPA-filtered vacuum collection devices shall be exhausted to the outdoors.
Combustion riser, associated vents and roof cap
1. Remove all vents into 6-mil polyethylene bags and proceed to work area appropriate for
cleaning the vents. The vents shall be wet-cleaned. The vents should be sprayed with Simple
Green or a similar environmentally safe degreaser and hand washed as needed to remove
adhered materials.
2. Seal the vent openings using 6-mil polyethylene sheeting to be secured with duct tape.
3. Install a vacuum collection device at the bottom of the riser on the second floor.
16
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4. The combustion riser shall be cleaned using a pressurized air/mechanical brush system in
combination with a vacuum collection device. The direction of cleaning shall be from the
roof down toward the second floor. (It is permissible to use a mechanical brush followed by
application of pressurized air in lieu of combination style equipment.) The vacuum collection
equipment shall be configured to maintain a minimum of 3000 feet per minute air velocity in
the cleaning zone. (See Requirements Section for use of this equipment.)
5. Remove the roof cap if possible and place on a polyethylene sheet. Wet-clean by damp
wiping in place or if removed, spray with Simple Green or a similar environmentally safe
degreaser and hand wash as needed to remove adhered materials.
17
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APPENDIX A
DEFINITIONS
1. Access Doors: Covers for service openings consisting of pre-fabricated operable or removable
entry panels, which are installed in a ventilation system to facilitate inspection and maintenance
services.
2. Air Conveyance System, Air Handling System, HVAC System, Ventilation System: The
ventilation system is any interior surface of a building's air distribution system for conditioned
spaces and/or occupied zones (See definition of air handling system, ASHRAE 62-1989). This
includes the entire air distribution system from the points that the air enters the system to the
points that air is discharged from the system. The return air grilles, air ducts (except ceiling
plenums) to the air handling unit (AHU), the interior surface of the AHU, mixing box, coil
compartment, condensate drain pans, humidifiers, and dehumidifiers, supply air ducts, fans, fan
housing, fan blades, spray eliminators, turning vanes, filters, filter housings, reheat coils, and
supply diffusers are all considered part of the ventilation system.
3. Air Filtration Device (also referred to as Negative Air Machine): An external air moving
device which can be temporarily connected to a section or sections of an ventilation system to
create negative airflow for cleaning and remediation procedures, employing a minimum of
DOP-tested HEPA final filtration if exhausted indoors.
4. Air Washing: For duct cleaning, this term applies to the use of pressurized air, in combination
with a Vaccuum Collection Device, for transporting dislodged debris into the vacuum
collection equipment.
5. Ceiling Plenum: A non-ducted area between the ceiling over a conditioned building space and
the floor above, through which air is transported to a conditioned space from an ventilation
system (ceiling supply air plenum), or from a conditioned space to an ventilation system
(ceiling return air plenum).
6. Coils: Devices inside the ventilation system, which temper and/or dehumidify the air
transported by the ventilation system. These include heat exchangers, with or without extended
surfaces, through which either water, ethylene glycol solution, brine, volatile refrigerant, steam,
or electricity is circulated for the purpose of total cooling (sensible cooling plus latent cooling)
or sensible heating of a forced-circulation air stream (See ASHRAE 33-78 and ARI410-91).
7. Debris: Any solid materials, including particulate substances, in the ventilation system not
intended to be present.
8. DOP Testing: The percentage of removal of 0.3 micrometer particles of dioctylphthalate
(DOP) is used to rate high efficiency air filters, those with efficiencies above about 98 percent
(See Military Standard 282, U.S. Department of Defense, 1956).
9. Ductwork (Ducts): A system of passageways for distribution and extraction of air (See
ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration, 1991).
1
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10. Encapsulation: The application of a bridging (resurfacing) or penetrating compound on
internal ventilation system surfaces to bond, mechanically resurface, or lock-down fibrous and
other ventilation system components which have deteriorated or been damaged, to control the
entrainment of particulates from these components into the airstream.
11. Environmental Cleaning Contractor: The Environmental Cleaning Contractor at 110 Liberty
Street is WRS Infrastructure and Environment, Inc., as the authorized by the USEPA .
12. Environmental Service Contractor: An independent environmental contractor performing an
initial assessment of the WTC-related dust, as authorized by the USEPA
13. Fan: A power driven machine that moves a volume of air by converting rotational mechanical
energy to an increase in the total pressure of the moving air (See AMCA 99-86).
14. HEPA Filter: High efficiency particulate air filter capable of a 99.97% collection efficiency for
a 0.3 micron size particle as per DOP testing.
15. Mechanical Cleaning: Physical removal of debris and other foreign matter from ventilation
system surfaces.
16. Negative Air (Vacuum Collection) Cleaning: Procedure for removal of debris from a
ventilation system using a HEPA-filtered Vacuum Collection Device for particulate control and
capture.
17. Non-Porous Surface: Any surface of the ventilation system in contact with the air stream
which cannot be penetrated by either solutions or air. This would exclude ventilation system
materials such as wood, fiberboard, thermal/acoustic insulation, and concrete.
18. Porous Surface: Any surface of the ventilation system in contact with the air stream which can
be penetrated by either solutions or air, including but not limited to ventilation system materials
such as wood, fiberboard (ductboard), fibrous thermal/acoustic insulation, and concrete.
19. Pressure Drop: (1) Loss in pressure, as from one end of a refrigerant line to the other, from
friction, static, heat, etc. (2) Difference in pressure between two points in a flow system,
usually caused by frictional resistance to fluid flow in a conduit, filter, or other flow system
(See ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration,
1991).
20. Sanitization: A process to reduce the proliferation of microbial growth in an ventilation
system, usually involving the application of a biocide agent.
21. Source Removal: An HVAC hygiene mitigation process, which involves the physical capture,
removal, and controlled containment of foreign matter from an ventilation system.
22. Static Pressure: The normal force per unit area that is exerted on the interior surfaces of the
ventilation system by the air.
2
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23. ULPA Filter: High efficiency particulate air filter capable of a 99.99% collection efficiency for
a 0.1 micron size particle.
24. Vacuum Collection Device or Equipment: a HEPA-filtered device for duct cleaning used to
place a duct system or sections of a duct system under negative pressure and to collect and
transport dust and debris that has been dislodged by mechanical cleaning. This device
overcomes greater static pressures than those typical of air filtration devices.
25. Ventilation system/duct cleaning firm: Service firm contracted to provide ventilation system
cleaning and/or hygiene remediation for a facility.
26. Visibly Clean: Determined by internal visual inspection, that all portions or components of the
ventilation system are free of any visible debris.
27. Visual Inspection: Examination of ventilation system components to evaluate the presence of
visible contamination using the human eye other optical instrument. Visual inspection may be
aided by the use of telescoping inspection mirrors and flashlights inserted through service
openings.
28. Visual Inspection System (VIS): Optical device such as a still camera, borescope, or CCTV
(closed circuit television) video camera system employed to perform a visual hygiene
evaluation and/or documentation of internal areas in an HVAC system.
29. Zoning Device: A physical barrier consisting of a balloon or other device for
blocking/segregating a ventilation duct.
3
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APPENDIX B
INSTALLATION OF SERVICE OPENINGS IN AIR HANDLING SYSTEMS
[B.l] Service openings in Sheet Metal Ventilation System Components: Any Service openings shall
be made in such a way as to not significantly weaken the structural integrity of the metal
ventilation system component and provide an air tight seal once secured. Ventilation
system/duct cleaning firm must provide a finished surface deemed visually acceptable by the
Client and in the opinion of the Client, not reduce the building's aesthetic qualities. Work cut
and patched in an unsatisfactory manner shall be removed and replaced by the Ventilation
system/duct cleaning firm at no additional cost to the Client. Upon completion of inspection
and/or cleaning services, the Service openings shall be sealed in accordance with job
specifications, with one of the following closure techniques:
(1) Install gasketed removable Access Doors.
(2) Install sheet metal panels fastened with sheet metal screws and sealed with silicone
chalk, mastic or duct sealant.
[B.2] Service openings in Externally Insulated Sheet Metal Ventilation System Components: (See
[C.l] Service openings in Sheet Metal Ventilation System Components) Upon closure of
Access Hole, external insulation must be replaced as necessary and the edges secured with
either an approved water-based bridging encapsulant for canvas-wrapped insulated duct
exteriors or reinforced 4" wide foil tape on foil-faced insulated duct exteriors.
[B.3] Service openings in Fibrous Lined Sheet Metal Ventilation System Components: Any Service
openings shall be made in such a way as to not significantly weaken the structural integrity of
the metal ventilation system component or create fiber shed from the internal insulation at the
cut area once the Access Hole is closed. Upon completion of inspection and/or cleaning
services, the Service openings shall be sealed in accordance with the following closure
techniques:
(1) Install gasketed, insulated Access Doors. The cut edge of the internal insulation lining
at the Access Hole must be sealed with an approved Bridging Encapsulant to prevent
fiber shed, and the insulation on the cover plate should fit securely in the cut-out area.
(2) Pressure fitting round hole plugs (for Service openings 3" diameter or smaller in
low/medium positive air pressure applications) after an approved ventilation system
Bridging Encapsulant has been applied to the cut edge of the internal insulation to
prevent fibershed.
(3) Install sheet metal panels affixed with similar insulation to match the removed portion
of insulation from the service opening, fastened with sheet metal screws and sealed with
silicone chalk, mastic or duct sealant. The cut edge of the internal insulation lining at
the Access Hole must be sealed with an approved bridging encapsulant to prevent fiber
shed, and the insulation on the cover plate should fit securely in the cut-out area.
1
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[B.4] Service openings in Fibrous Glass Ventilation System Components (Duct board): Any Service
openings shall be made in such a way as to not significantly weaken the structural integrity of the
Fibrous Glass Ventilation System Component or create fiber shed from the product at the cut area once
the Access Hole is closed. Upon completion of inspection and/or cleaning services, the Service
openings shall be sealed in accordance with job specifications, with one of the following closure
techniques:
(1) Install gasketed, insulated Access Doors which will seal the internal cut edge to prevent
fibershed, or after an approved ventilation system Bridging Encapsulant has been
applied to the cut edge of the internal insulation to prevent fibershed
(2) Make a shiplap or a 45 degree inward "pumpkin" access cut in the ductboard, and
reinstall the cut piece after inspection and/or cleaning with a tape that complies with UL
181 or UL 181A closure systems (See NAIMAs Cleaning Fibrous Glass Insulated Air
Duct Systems - Recommended Practice, 1993).
2
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Attachment J
Reporting of Analytical Results
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Key for the Analytical Tables
Compound/Type Analytical Method Units
Asbestos
Air
PCM
f/cc
TEM AHERA
S>0.5c/cc
TEM PCMe
S>5c/cc
Micro vacuum
TEM AHERA
S/cm2
Wipe
TEM AHERA
S/cm2
Dioxin - TEO EMPC rND=l/2^
Air
Method 8290
ng/m3
Wipe
Method 8290
ng/m 2
Gvpsum
Air
NIOSH 7500
mg/m3
Wipe
NIOSH 7500
mg/m2
Lead
Air
NIOSH 7300
Cg/m3
Micro vacuum
NIOSH 7300
cg/ft2
Wipe
NIOSH 7300
cg/ft2
Mineral: alpha-Ouartz
Air
NIOSH 7500
mg/m3
Wipe
NIOSH 7500
mg/m2
Mineral: Calcite
Air
NIOSH 7500
mg/m3
Wipe
NIOSH 7500
mg/m2
Mineral: Cristobalite
Air
NIOSH 7500
mg/m3
Wipe
NIOSH 7500
mg/m2
Mineral: Tridvmite
Air
NIOSH 7500
mg/m3
Wipe
NIOSH 7500
mg/m2
MMVF
Air
SEM/PLM
mmvf S/L
Wipe
SEM/PLM
mmvf S/c
(=S/cm2)
PAH
Air
Method 8270
Cg/m3
Wipe
Method 8270
Cg/m2
Total Dust
Micro vacuum
NADCA
mg/cm2
Criterion
0.01 (secondary)
0.022 (secondary)
0.0009 (primary clearance))
not available
not available
0.001 (primary clearance)
4 (primary clearance)
not available
not available
1 (primary clearance)
25 (comparison value)
25 (primary clearance)
4 (primary clearance)
not available
not available
not available
not available
not available
not available
not available
10 (primary clearance)
not available
0.2 (primary clearance)
300 (primary clearance)
0.5 (secondary)
-------
Unit 2B Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-2B-005
Microvac
6331.52
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-2B-006
Microvac
11871.6
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-2B-007
Microvac
25326.1
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-2B-001
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-002
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Anthophyllite/Chrysotile
9094-W-2B-003
Wipe
102096
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-2B-004
Wipe
5540.08
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 3A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-2B-008
Air
0.003
f/cc
9094-A-2B-009
Air
0.005
f/cc
9094-A-2B-010
Air
0.002
f/cc
9094-A-2B-008
Air
0.0068
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2B-009
Air
0.0095
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2B-010
Air
0.0026
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2B-008
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2B-009
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2B-010
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-M-2B-020
Microvac
22160.3
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-2B-021
Microvac
10288.7
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-2B-022
Microvac
72284.9
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-2B-023
Microvac
11080.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-2B-015
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-016
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-017
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-2B-018
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-2B-019
Wipe
5935.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Page 1 of 4
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Unit 2B Results
Dioxin
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-2B-002
Wipe
0.488
ng/m2
9094-W-2B-003
Wipe
0.526
ng/m2
9094-W-2B-004
Wipe
0.642
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-2B-016
Wipe
0.556
ng/m2
9094-W-2B-017
Wipe
0.522
ng/m2
9094-W-2B-018
Wipe
0.476
ng/m2
9094-W-2B-019
Wipe
0.563
ng/m2
111
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2B-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-2B-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-M-2B-005
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-2B-006
Microvac
4.54
ug/ft2
9094-M-2B-007
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-2B-002
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-2B-003
Wipe
97
ug/ft2
9094-W-2B-004
Wipe
17.5
ug/ft2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 4
-------
Unit 2B Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 3A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2B-011
Air
0.197
ug/m3
9094-A-2B-012
Air
0.193
ug/m3
9094-M-2B-020
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-2B-021
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-2B-022
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-2B-023
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-2B-016
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-2B-017
Wipe
9.9
ug/ft2
9094-W-2B-018
Wipe
18.7
ug/ft2
9094-W-2B-019
Wipe
7.41
ug/ft2
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 3A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2B-024
Air
0.309
ug/m3
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2B-013
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-2B-014
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2B-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-2B-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2B-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-2B-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 3 of 4
-------
Unit 2B Results
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2B-013
Air
ND
< 0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-2B-014
Air
ND
< 0.016
mg/m3
IfllflWF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-2B-002
Wipe
629.55
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-003
Wipe
13163.22
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-004
Wipe
400.62
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2B-008
Air
6.645
S/L
9094-A-2B-009
Air
1.685
S/L
9094-A-2B-010
Air
3.922
S/L
9094-W-2B-015
Wipe
ND
< 57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-016
Wipe
114.46
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-017
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-018
Wipe
171.69
S/cm2
9094-W-2B-019
Wipe
171.69
S/cm2
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-2B-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2B-003
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2B-004
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-2B-016
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2B-017
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2B-018
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2B-019
Wipe
u
290
Panp A nf A
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
-------
Unit 2A Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-M-2A-006
Microvac
9094-M-2A-007
Microvac
9094-M-2A-008
Microvac
9094-M-2A-009
Microvac
9094-W-2A-001
Wipe
9094-W-2A-002
Wipe
9094-W-2A-003
Wipe
9094-W-2A-004
Wipe
9094-W-2A-005
Wipe
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 1B
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-2A-010
Air
9094-A-2A-011
Air
9094-A-2A-012
Air
9094-A-2A-010
Air
9094-A-2A-011
Air
9094-A-2A-012
Air
9094-A-2A-010
Air
9094-A-2A-011
Air
9094-A-2A-012
Air
9094-M-2A-022
Microvac
9094-M-2A-023
Microvac
9094-M-2A-024
Microvac
9094-W-2A-017
Wipe
9094-W-2A-018
Wipe
Detected
Result
3561.48
S/cm2
Comment
Chrysotile
30866.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
20973.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
ND
<
1582.88
S/cm2
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
56192.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
18994.6
S/cm2
Chrysotile
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Detected
Result
0.003
0.003
f/cc
f/cc
Comment
0.002 f/cc
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
45903.5 s/cm2 Chrysotile
ND < 3165.76 S/cm2 Chrysotile. Asbestos detected
below detection limit.
13454.5 s/cm2 Chrysotile
ND < 1183.2 S/cm2
ND < 1183.2 S/cm2
Page 1 of 5
-------
Unit 2A Results
9094-W-2A-019 Wipe
9094-W-2A-020 Wipe
ND
4396.89 S/cm2
< 2366.41 S/cm2
Chrysotile
Chrysotile. Asbestos detected
below detection limit.
9094-W-2A-021
Wipe
ND
<
1183.2
S/cm2
Post 2nd Cleaning
- Test 1B
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-2A-025
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-2A-026
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-2A-027
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-2A-028
Air
0.002
f/cc
9094-A-2A-029
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-2A-030
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-2A-025
Air
0.0022
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2A-026
Air
0.0013
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2A-027
Air
0.0042
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2A-028
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-2A-029
Air
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2A-030
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-2A-025
Air
0.0004
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2A-026
Air
0.0009
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2A-027
Air
0.0004
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2A-028
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-2A-029
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-2A-030
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Dio» MPC (ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-2A-002 Wipe
9094-W-2A-003 Wipe
9094-W-2A-004 Wipe
9094-W-2A-005 Wipe
Detected
Result
0.585 ng/m2
1.21 ng/m2
0.752 ng/m2
0.843 ng/m2
Comment
Page 2 of 5
-------
Unit 2A Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-2A-018 Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Detected
9094-W-2A-019
9094-W-2A-020
9094-W-2A-021
im
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-2A-015 Air
9094-A-2A-016 Air
Lead
Before cleaning
Detected
ND
ND
Result
0.557 ng/m2
0.507 ng/m2
0.556 ng/m2
0.647 ng/m2
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.016 mg/m3
Sample ID
9094-M-2A-006
Matrix
Microvac
Detected
Result
4.03
ug/ft2
9094-M-2A-007
Microvac
14.4
ug/ft2
9094-M-2A-008
Microvac
3.89
ug/ft2
9094-M-2A-009
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-2A-002
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-2A-003
Wipe
49.4
ug/ft2
9094-W-2A-004
Wipe
35.4
ug/ft2
9094-W-2A-005
Wipe
44.6
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-2A-013
- Test 1B
Matrix
Air
Detected
ND
<
Result
0.052
ug/m3
9094-A-2A-014
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
9094-M-2A-022
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-2A-023
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-2A-024
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-2A-018
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 3 of 5
-------
Unit 2A Results
9094-W-2A-019
Wipe
11.3 ug/ft2
9094-W-2A-020
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-2A-021
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2A-015
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-2A-016
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2A-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-2A-016
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2A-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-2A-016
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Miner nite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2A-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-2A-016
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
MMVF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-2A-002
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-2A-003
Wipe
629.55
S/cm2
9094-W-2A-004
Wipe
2117.56
S/cm2
9094-W-2A-005
Wipe
343.39
S/cm2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 5
-------
Unit 2A Results
3ost 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 1B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-2A-010
Air
0.825
S/L
9094-A-2A-011
Air
0.617
S/L
9094-A-2A-012
Air
1.284
S/L
9094-W-2A-017
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-2A-018
Wipe
114.46
S/cm2
9094-W-2A-019
Wipe
171.69
S/cm2
9094-W-2A-020
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-2A-021
Wipe
114.46
S/cm2
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-2A-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2A-003
Wipe
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2A-004
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2A-005
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-2A-018
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2A-019
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2A-020
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-2A-021
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 5 of 5
-------
2nd Floor Hallway Results
Asbestos
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-2ND-001
Air
0.003
f/cc
9094-A-2ND-002
Air
0.002
f/cc
9094-A-2ND-001
Air
0.0011
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2ND-002
Air
0.0025
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2ND-001
Air
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-2ND-002
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
111
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-2ND-005
Air
ND
<
0.009
mg/m3
9094-A-2ND-006
Air
ND
<
0.009
mg/m3
Lead
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-2ND-003
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
9094-A-2ND-004
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-2ND-005
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-2ND-006
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-2ND-005
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-2ND-006
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Page 1 of 2
-------
2nd Floor Hallway Results
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-2ND-005 Air ND
9094-A-2ND-006 Air ND
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-2ND-005 Air ND
9094-A-2ND-006 Air ND
MMVF
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-2ND-001 Air ND
9094-A-2ND-002
Air
Air
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
< 0.071 S/L
0.067 S/L
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 2
-------
Unit 3A Results
bestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3A-005
Air
0.006
f/cc
9094-A-3A-006
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-3A-005
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3A-006
Air
ND
<
0.0008
S>5u/cc
9094-M-3A-006
Microvac
116688
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3A-007
Microvac
435336
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3A-008
Microvac
72805.3
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3A-009
Microvac
80784
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3A-001
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-002
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-003
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-004
Wipe
4748.64
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 2B
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3A-010
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-3A-011
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3A-012
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3A-010
Air
0.0009
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-3A-011
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3A-012
Air
0.0009
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-3A-010
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3A-011
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3A-012
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-M-3A-022
Microvac
94972.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3A-023
Microvac
23743.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3A-024
Microvac
3957.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3A-025
Microvac
ND
<
3165.76
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-017
Wipe
15037.4
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Page 1 of 4
-------
Unit 3A Results
9094-W-3A-018
Wipe
ND
<
11832
S/cm2
Particulate mal
(11832 s/cm2)
9094-W-3A-019
Wipe
3957.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3A-020
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3A-021
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Dioxin
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-3A-002
Wipe
0.54
ng/m2
9094-W-3A-003
Wipe
0.616
ng/m2
9094-W-3A-004
Wipe
0.592
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-3A-018
Wipe
0.535
ng/m2
9094-W-3A-019
Wipe
0.606
ng/m2
9094-W-3A-020
Wipe
0.597
ng/m2
9094-W-3A-021
Wipe
0.706
ng/m2
111
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3A-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-3A-016
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-3A-006
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-M-3A-007
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-M-3A-008
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-M-3A-009
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3A-002
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3A-003
Wipe
38.9
ug/ft2
9094-W-3A-004
Wipe
12
ug/ft2
Page 2 of 4
-------
Unit 3A Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B
Sample ID
9094-A-3A-013
9094-A-3A-014
9094-M-3A-022
9094-M-3A-023
9094-M-3A-024
9094-M-3A-025
9094-W-3A-018
9094-W-3A-019
9094-W-3A-020
9094-W-3A-021
Matrix
Air
Air
Microvac
Microvac
Microvac
Microvac
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Detected
ND
ND
ND
ND
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-3A-015 Air ND
9094-A-3A-016 Air ND
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-3A-015 Air ND
9094-A-3A-016 Air ND
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-3A-015 Air ND
9094-A-3A-016 Air ND
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-3A-015 Air
9094-A-3A-016
Air
Detected
ND
ND
Result
0.116 ug/m3
0.131 ug/m3
4.85 ug/ft2
2.32 ug/ft2
4.39 ug/ft2
<
<
2.32
4.65
ug/ft2
ug/ft2
10.5 ug/ft2
9.29 ug/ft2
< 4.65 ug/ft2
Result
< 0.004 mg/m3
< 0.004 mg/m3
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Comment
Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 3 of 4
-------
Unit 3A Results
MMVF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3A-005
Air
3.283
S/L
9094-A-3A-006
Air
0.903
S/L
9094-W-3A-002
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-003
Wipe
801.24
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-004
Wipe
686.78
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3A-010
Air
1.226
S/L
9094-A-3A-011
Air
0.819
S/L
9094-A-3A-012
Air
1.734
S/L
9094-W-3A-017
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-018
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-019
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-020
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-3A-021
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3A-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3A-003
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3A-004
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3A-018
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3A-019
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3A-020
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3A-021
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 4
-------
Unit 3B Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3B-009
Air
0.03
f/cc
9094-A-3B-010
Air
0.006
f/cc
9094-A-3B-009
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3B-010
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-M-3B-006
Microvac
20944
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3B-007
Microvac
4986.67
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3B-008
Microvac
ND
<
4488
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-001
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-002
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-003
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3B-004
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3B-011
Air
0.003
f/cc
9094-A-3B-012
Air
0.003
f/cc
9094-A-3B-013
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-3B-011
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3B-012
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3B-013
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3B-011
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3B-012
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3B-013
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-M-3B-023
Microvac
22951.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3B-024
Microvac
33240.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3B-025
Microvac
13454.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Page 1 of 5
-------
Unit 3B Results
9094-W-3B-018
Wipe
741.975
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-019
Wipe
ND
<
739.502
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-020
Wipe
4699.18
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-021
Wipe
3957.2
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-022
Wipe
2473.25
S/cm2
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
- Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3B-039
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-3B-040
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-3B-041
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-3B-039
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3B-040
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3B-041
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3B-039
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3B-040
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3B-041
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Dioxin
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3B-002
Wipe
0.712
ng/m2
9094-W-3B-003
Wipe
0.506
ng/m2
9094-W-3B-004
Wipe
1.13
ng/m2
9094-W-3B-005
Wipe
0.526
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3B-019
Wipe
0.913
ng/m2
9094-W-3B-020
Wipe
0.94
ng/m2
9094-W-3B-021
Wipe
0.915
ng/m2
9094-W-3B-022
Wipe
0.866
ng/m2
Chrysotile
Chrysotile - Asbestos detected
below detection limit.
Chrysotile
Chrysotile
Chrysotile
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 5
-------
Unit 3B Results
Gypsum
Post 1st cleaning - Scope A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-3B-016 Air
9094-A-3B-017 Air
Lead
Before cleaning
Detected
ND
ND
Result
< 0.008 mg/m3
< 0.008 mg/m3
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-M-3B-006
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-M-3B-007
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-M-3B-008
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-002
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-003
Wipe
11.5
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-004
Wipe
9.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-005
Wipe
0
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3B-014
Air
0.225
ug/m3
9094-A-3B-015
Air
0.238
ug/m3
9094-M-3B-023
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-3B-024
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-3B-025
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-019
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-020
Wipe
51.6
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-021
Wipe
10.9
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-022
Wipe
7.27
ug/ft2
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
- Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3B-037
Wipe
ug/ft2
9094-W-3B-038
Wipe
ND
<
4.64
ug/ft2
Comment
Comment
Sample lost by laboratory.
Comment
Comment
Sample was received broken;
not analyzed.
Page 3 of 5
-------
Unit 3B Results
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3B-016
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-3B-017
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3B-016
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-3B-017
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3B-016
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-3B-017
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Miner nite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3B-016
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-3B-017
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
MMVF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3B-009
Air
14.78
S/L
9094-A-3B-010
Air
2.644
S/L
9094-W-3B-002
Wipe
744.01
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-003
Wipe
2289.26
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-004
Wipe
744.01
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3B-011
Air
1.528
S/L
9094-A-3B-012
Air
2.209
S/L
9094-A-3B-013
Air
0.946
S/L
9094-W-3B-018
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 5
-------
Jlllt JB Results
9094-W-3B-019
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-020
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-021
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-3B-022
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3B-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3B-003
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3B-004
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3B-005
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Scope A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3B-019
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3B-020
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3B-021
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3B-022
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Page 5 of 5
-------
Unit 3C Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-3C-005
Microvac
127160
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3C-006
Microvac
286110
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3C-007
Microvac
190740
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3C-008
Microvac
589050
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3C-001
Wipe
ND
< 2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-3C-002
Wipe
2374.32
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3C-003
Wipe
55400.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3C-004
Wipe
75978.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile/Amosite.
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 1A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3C-009
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3C-010
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
9094-A-3C-011
9094-A-3C-009
9094-A-3C-010
9094-A-3C-011
9094-M-3C-021
9094-M-3C-022
9094-M-3C-023
9094-M-3C-024
9094-W-3C-016
9094-W-3C-017
9094-W-3C-018
9094-W-3C-019
9094-W-3C-020
Air
Air
Air
Air
Microvac
Microvac
Microvac
Microvac
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
ND
ND
overloading of particulates.
f/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
223582 S/crn2 Chrysotile
39967.7 S/crn2 1 Actinolite and 100 Chrysotile
888172 S/crn2 Chrysotile
147406 S/crn2 Chrysotile
< 2366.41 S/crn2 Chrysotile
12663 S/crn2 Chrysotile
77561.1 S/crn2 Chrysotile
< 2366.41 S/cm2
13454.5 S/crn2 Chrysotile
Page 1 of 6
-------
Unit 3C Results
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3C-025
Air
f/cc
9094-A-3C-026
Air
f/cc
9094-A-3C-027
Air
f/cc
9094-A-3C-028
Air
f/cc
9094-A-3C-029
Air
f/cc
9094-A-3C-025
Air
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3C-026
Air
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3C-027
Air
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3C-028
Air
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3C-029
Air
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3C-025
Air
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3C-026
Air
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3C-027
Air
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3C-028
Air
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3C-029
Air
S>5u/cc
Dst 3rd cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3C-032
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-3C-033
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-3C-034
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-3C-035
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-3C-036
Air
0.002
f/cc
9094-A-3C-037
Air
0.002
f/cc
9094-A-3C-032
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3C-033
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3C-034
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
Comment
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Comment
Page 2 of 6
-------
Unit 3C Results
9094-A-3C-035 Air
9094-A-3C-036 Air
9094-A-3C-037 Air
9094-A-3C-032 Air
9094-A-3C-033 Air
9094-A-3C-034 Air
9094-A-3C-035 Air
9094-A-3C-036 Air
9094-A-3C-037 Air
Dio)
Before cleaning
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-3C-002 Wipe
9094-W-3C-003 Wipe
9094-W-3C-004 Wipe
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-3C-017 Wipe
9094-W-3C-018 Wipe
9094-W-3C-019 Wipe
9094-W-3C-020 Wipe
111
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-3C-014 Air
9094-A-3C-015 Air
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID Matrix
9094-M-3C-005 Microvac
9094-M-3C-006 Microvac
9094-M-3C-007 Microvac
9094-M-3C-008 Microvac
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
< 0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
1/2)
Detected
Result
0.558 ng/m2
6.2
1.32
ng/m2
ng/m2
Comment
Detected
Result
0.618 ng/m2
0.56 ng/m2
0.557 ng/m2
Comment
0.525 ng/m2
Detected Result Comment
ND < 0.016 mg/m3
ND < 0.017 mg/m3
Detected Result Comment
68.4 ug/ft2
135 ug/ft2
43.3 ug/ft2
39.4 ug/ft2
Page 3 of 6
-------
Unit 3C Results
9094-W-3C-002
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3C-003
Wipe
750
ug/ft2
9094-W-3C-004
Wipe
48.7
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3C-012
Air
0.289
ug/m3
9094-A-3C-013
Air
0.261
ug/m3
9094-M-3C-021
Microvac
6.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-3C-022
Microvac
9.66
ug/ft2
9094-M-3C-023
Microvac
26.9
ug/ft2
9094-M-3C-024
Microvac
6.47
ug/ft2
9094-W-3C-017
Wipe
5.02
ug/ft2
9094-W-3C-018
Wipe
8.03
ug/ft2
9094-W-3C-019
Wipe
6.01
ug/ft2
9094-W-3C-020
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3C-030
Air
0.394
ug/m3
9094-A-3C-031
Air
0.364
ug/m3
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3C-014
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-3C-015
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3C-014
Air
0.027
mg/m3
9094-A-3C-015
Air
ND
<
0.019
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3C-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-3C-015
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Page 4 of 6
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
-------
Unit 3C Results
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-3C-014 Air
9094-A-3C-015 Air
IfllflWF
Before cleaning
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-3C-002 Wipe
9094-W-3C-003 Wipe
9094-W-3C-004 Wipe
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-3C-009 Air
Air
Air
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
9094-A-3C-010
9094-A-3C-011
9094-W-3C-016
9094-W-3C-017
9094-W-3C-018
9094-W-3C-019
9094-W-3C-020
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-3C-025
9094-A-3C-026
9094-A-3C-027
9094-A-3C-028
9094-A-3C-029
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Detected
ND
ND
Detected
Detected
Detected
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
343.39 S/cm2
744.01 S/cm2
343.39 S/cm2
Result
1.793
2.431
3.883
57.23
171.69
400.62
114.46
114.46
S/L
S/L
S/L
S/cm2
S/cm2
S/cm2
S/cm2
S/cm2
Result
91.796 S/L
5.061 S/L
5.254 S/L
4.384 S/L
8.099 S/L
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 5 of 6
-------
Unit 3C Results
PAH TEF (ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-3C-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3C-003
Wipe
1046.6
ug/m2
9094-W-3C-004
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 1A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-3C-017
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3C-018
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3C-019
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3C-020
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Page 6 of 6
-------
Unit 3D Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-3D-005
Microvac
280500
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3D-006
Microvac
44880
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3D-007
Microvac
64114.3
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3D-001
Wipe
4748.64
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3D-002
Wipe
ND
< 2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-003
Wipe
172534
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3D-004
Wipe
118716
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3D-005
Wipe
4748.64
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 1A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3D-008
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3D-009
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3D-010
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3D-008
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3D-009
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3D-010
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3D-008
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3D-009
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-3D-010
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-M-3D-020
Microvac
ND
< 3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile. Asbestos detected
below detection limit.
9094-M-3D-021
Microvac
29283.3
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-3D-022
Microvac
34823.4
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3D-015
Wipe
14245.9
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3D-016
Wipe
3957.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-3D-017
Wipe
10288.7
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Page 1 of 5
-------
Unit 3D Results
9094-W-3D-018
Wipe
10288.7
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-019
Wipe
10288.7
S/cm2
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
-Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3D-023
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-3D-024
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-3D-025
Air
0.006
f/cc
9094-A-3D-026
Air
0.005
f/cc
9094-A-3D-023
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3D-024
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3D-025
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3D-026
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3D-023
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3D-024
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3D-025
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3D-026
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
win
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3D-002
Wipe
0.492
ng/m2
9094-W-3D-003
Wipe
1.77
ng/m2
9094-W-3D-004
Wipe
1.24
ng/m2
9094-W-3D-005
Wipe
0.663
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3D-016
Wipe
0.568
ng/m2
9094-W-3D-017
Wipe
0.533
ng/m2
9094-W-3D-018
Wipe
0.576
ng/m2
9094-W-3D-019
Wipe
0.556
ng/m2
Chrysotile
Chrysotile
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 5
-------
Unit 3D Results
111
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3D-013
Air
ND
<
0.008
mg/m3
9094-A-3D-014
Air
ND
<
0.008
mg/m3
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-M-3D-005
Microvac
50.7
ug/ft2
9094-M-3D-006
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-M-3D-007
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3D-002
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3D-003
Wipe
201
ug/ft2
9094-W-3D-004
Wipe
112
ug/ft2
9094-W-3D-005
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3D-011
Air
0.074
ug/m3
9094-A-3D-012
Air
0.126
ug/m3
9094-M-3D-020
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-3D-021
Microvac
5.71
ug/ft2
9094-M-3D-022
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-3D-016
Wipe
8.22
ug/ft2
9094-W-3D-017
Wipe
9.8
ug/ft2
9094-W-3D-018
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-3D-019
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3D-013
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-3D-014
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Comment
Comment
Comment
Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Comment
Page 3 of 5
-------
Unit 3D Results
Miner* cite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3D-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-3D-014
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning ¦
Sample ID
¦ Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3D-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-3D-014
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mineral
; Jyimite
Post 1st cleaning ¦
Sample ID
¦ Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3D-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-3D-014
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
MMVF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3D-002
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-003
Wipe
572.31
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-004
Wipe
1259.09
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-005
Wipe
343.39
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning ¦
Sample ID
¦ Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-3D-008
Air
1.965
S/L
9094-A-3D-009
Air
0.984
S/L
9094-A-3D-010
Air
5.513
S/L
9094-W-3D-015
Wipe
ND
<
22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-016
Wipe
22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-017
Wipe
ND
<
22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-018
Wipe
ND
<
22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-3D-019
Wipe
ND
<
22.89
S/cm2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 5
-------
Unit 3D Results
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3D-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3D-003
Wipe
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3D-004
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3D-005
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 1A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-3D-016
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3D-017
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3D-018
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-3D-019
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Page 5 of 5
-------
ills
Asbestos
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3RD-001 Air
0.005
f/cc
9094-A-3RD-002 Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-3RD-001 Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-3RD-002 Air
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-3RD-001 Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-3RD-002 Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
111
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3RD-004 Air
ND
<
0.008
mg/m3
9094-A-3RD-005 Air
ND
<
0.008
mg/m3
Lead
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3RD-003 Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3RD-004 Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-3RD-005 Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3RD-004 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-3RD-005 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-3RD-004 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-3RD-005 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Page 1 of 2
-------
ills
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-3RD-004 Air
9094-A-3RD-005 Air
IfllflWF
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-3RD-001 Air
9094-A-3RD-002 Air
Page 2 of 2
Detected
ND
ND
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Comment
Detected
Result
0.095 S/L
0.147 S/L
Comment
-------
Unit 4A Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
9094-M-4A-005
Matrix
Microvac
Detected
9094-M-4A-006
Microvac
9094-M-4A-007
Microvac
9094-W-4A-001
Wipe
ND
9094-W-4A-002
Wipe
ND
9094-W-4A-003
Wipe
9094-W-4A-004
Wipe
ND
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-4A-008
- Test 2A
Matrix
Air
Detected
9094-A-4A-009
Air
9094-A-4A-010
Air
9094-A-4A-008
Air
9094-A-4A-009
Air
9094-A-4A-010
Air
9094-A-4A-008
Air
9094-A-4A-009
Air
9094-A-4A-010
Air
9094-M-4A-020
Microvac
9094-M-4A-021
Microvac
ND
9094-M-4A-022
Microvac
9094-W-4A-015
Wipe
9094-W-4A-016
Wipe
9094-W-4A-017
Wipe
ND
9094-W-4A-018
Wipe
9094-W-4A-019
Wipe
ND
Result
Comment
4664.88
S/cm2
Chrysotile
11874.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
1696.32
S/cm2
Chrysotile
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
2374.32
S/cm2
Chrysotile
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Result
Comment
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
<
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile. Asbestos detected
below detection limit.
47486.4
S/cm2
Chrysotile
1978.6
S/cm2
Chrysotile
1582.88
S/cm2
Chrysotile
<
1183.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile. Asbestos detected
below detection limit.
6331.52
S/cm2
Chrysotile
<
1183.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile. Asbestos detected
below detection limit.
Page 1 of 5
-------
Unit 4A Results
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-4A-023 Air
9094-A-4A-024 Air
9094-A-4A-025 Air
9094-A-4A-023 Air
9094-A-4A-024 Air
9094-A-4A-025 Air
9094-A-4A-023 Air
9094-A-4A-024 Air
9094-A-4A-025 Air
Detected
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Result
f/cc
f/cc
f/cc
< 0.0009 S>0.5u/cc
< 0.0008 S>0.5u/cc
< 0.0009 S>0.5u/cc
< 0.0009 S>5u/cc
< 0.0008 S>5u/cc
< 0.0009 S>5u/cc
Comment
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Dioxin
Before cleaning
Sample ID
9094-W-4A-002
Matrix
Wipe
Detected
Result
0.836
ng/m2
Comment
9094-W-4A-003
Wipe
0.583
ng/m2
9094-W-4A-004
Wipe
0.553
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-W-4A-016
- Test 2A
Matrix
Wipe
Detected
Result
0.701
ng/m2
Comment
9094-W-4A-017
Wipe
0.659
ng/m2
9094-W-4A-018
Wipe
0.701
ng/m2
9094-W-4A-019
Wipe
0.752
ng/m2
im
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-4A-013 Air
9094-A-4A-014
Air
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-4A-026 Air
Detected
ND
ND
Detected
ND
Result
< 0.008 mg/m3
< 0.008 mg/m3
Result
< 0.008 mg/m3
Comment
Comment
9094-A-4A-027
Air
ND
< 0.008 mg/m3
Page 2 of 5
-------
Unit 4A Results
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-4A-005
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-M-4A-006
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-M-4A-007
Microvac
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-4A-002
Wipe
5.66
ug/ft2
9094-W-4A-003
Wipe
21.5
ug/ft2
9094-W-4A-004
Wipe
9.41
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4A-011
Air
0.442
ug/m3
9094-A-4A-012
Air
0.31
ug/m3
9094-M-4A-020
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-4A-021
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-4A-022
Microvac
2.58
ug/ft2
9094-W-4A-016
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-4A-017
Wipe
10.7
ug/ft2
9094-W-4A-018
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-4A-019
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4A-013
Air
0.008
mg/m3
9094-A-4A-014
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4A-026
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-4A-027
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Page 3 of 5
-------
Unit 4A Results
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
¦ T est 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4A-013
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-4A-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4A-026
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-4A-027
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
¦ T est 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4A-013
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-4A-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4A-026
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-4A-027
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mineral
; iymite
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
¦ T est 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4A-013
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-4A-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4A-026
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-4A-027
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
MMVF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-4A-002
Wipe
400.62
S/cm2
9094-W-4A-003
Wipe
629.55
S/cm2
9094-W-4A-004
Wipe
171.69
S/cm2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 5
-------
Unit 4A Results
3ost 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
T est 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4A-008
Air
0.187
S/L
9094-A-4A-009
Air
0.435
S/L
9094-A-4A-010
Air
0.286
S/L
9094-W-4A-015
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-4A-016
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-4A-017
Wipe
22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-4A-018
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
9094-W-4A-019
Wipe
ND
< 22.89
S/cm2
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-4A-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4A-003
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4A-004
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-4A-016
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4A-017
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4A-018
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4A-019
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Page 5 of 5
-------
Unit 4B Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
9094-W-4B-001
Matrix
Wipe
Detected
ND
<
Result
2366.41
S/cm2
Comment
9094-W-4B-002
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4B-003
Wipe
18203.1
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4B-004
Wipe
13454.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4B-005
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-4B-006
- Test 2B
Matrix
Air
Detected
Result
0.006
f/cc
Comment
9094-A-4B-007
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-4B-008
Air
0.005
f/cc
9094-A-4B-006
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-4B-007
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-4B-008
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-W-4B-013
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-4B-014
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4B-015
Wipe
4748.64
S/cm2
1 Anthophyllite;
9094-W-4B-016
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-4B-017
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Dioxin
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
9094-W-4B-002
Matrix
Wipe
Detected
Result
1.14
ng/m2
Comment
9094-W-4B-003
Wipe
0.653
ng/m2
9094-W-4B-004
Wipe
0.979
ng/m2
9094-W-4B-005
Wipe
0.889
ng/m2
Page 1 of 4
-------
Unit 4B Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-4B-014
Wipe
2
ng/m2
9094-W-4B-015
Wipe
0.614
ng/m2
9094-W-4B-016
Wipe
0.647
ng/m2
9094-W-4B-017
Wipe
0.582
ng/m2
im
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-4B-011 Air
9094-A-4B-012
Before cleaning
Air
Detected
ND
ND
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Sample ID
9094-W-4B-002
Matrix
Wipe
Detected
ND
<
Result
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-4B-003
Wipe
50
ug/ft2
9094-W-4B-004
Wipe
14
ug/ft2
9094-W-4B-005
Wipe
30
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
9094-A-4B-009
Test 2B
Matrix
Air
Detected
Result
0.241
ug/m3
9094-A-4B-010
Air
0.246
ug/m3
9094-W-4B-014
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-4B-015
Wipe
6.68
ug/ft2
9094-W-4B-016
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-4B-017
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-4B-018
-Test 2B
Matrix
Air
Detected
Result
0.183
ug/m3
9094-A-4B-019
Air
0.171
ug/m3
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 4
-------
Unit 4B Results
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4B-011
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-4B-012
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4B-011
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-4B-012
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4B-011
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-4B-012
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Miner nite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4B-011
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-4B-012
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
MMVF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-4B-002
Wipe
286.16
S/cm2
9094-W-4B-003
Wipe
629.55
S/cm2
9094-W-4B-004
Wipe
400.62
S/cm2
9094-W-4B-005
Wipe
686.78
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4B-006
Air
0.658
S/L
9094-A-4B-007
Air
1.664
S/L
9094-A-4B-008
Air
1.096
S/L
9094-W-4B-013
Wipe
286.16
S/cm2
9094-W-4B-014
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 3 of 4
-------
Unit 4B Results
9094-W-4B-015 Wipe
400.62 S/cm2
9094-W-4B-016
Wipe
171.69
S/cm2
9094-W-4B-017
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
PAH TEF
(ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-4B-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4B-003
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4B-004
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4B-005
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2B
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-4B-014
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4B-015
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4B-016
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4B-017
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 4
-------
Unit 4C Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-4C-005
Microvac
432562
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4C-006
Microvac
349442
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4C-007
Microvac
140795
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4C-008
Microvac
252025
S/cm2
1 Amosite and 103 Chrysotile
9094-W-4C-001
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-002
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4C-003
Wipe
49069.3
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4C-004
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 1A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4C-009
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-4C-010
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-4C-011
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-4C-009
Air
0.0038
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-4C-010
Air
0.0026
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-4C-011
Air
0.0026
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-4C-009
Air
0.0009
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-4C-010
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-4C-011
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-M-4C-023
Microvac
23347.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4C-024
Microvac
23743.2
S/cm2
29 Chrysotile and 1 Actinolite
9094-M-4C-025
Microvac
126630
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4C-018
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-019
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-020
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Page 1 of 5
-------
Unit 4C Results
9094-W-4C-021
Wipe
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4C-022
Wipe
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Dioxin
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-4C-002
Wipe
0.57
ng/m2
9094-W-4C-003
Wipe
1.36
ng/m2
9094-W-4C-004
Wipe
0.975
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-4C-019
Wipe
0.507
ng/m2
9094-W-4C-020
Wipe
0.606
ng/m2
9094-W-4C-021
Wipe
0.511
ng/m2
9094-W-4C-022
Wipe
0.512
ng/m2
111
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4C-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-4C-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-4C-005
Microvac
76.1
ug/ft2
9094-M-4C-006
Microvac
83.7
ug/ft2
9094-M-4C-007
Microvac
69.8
ug/ft2
9094-M-4C-008
Microvac
70.8
ug/ft2
9094-W-4C-002
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-4C-003
Wipe
181
ug/ft2
9094-W-4C-004
Wipe
77.5
ug/ft2
Page 2 of 5
-------
Unit 4C Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4C-012
Air
0.131
ug/m3
9094-A-4C-013
Air
0.195
ug/m3
9094-M-4C-023
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-4C-024
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-4C-025
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-4C-019
Wipe
ug/ft2
9094-W-4C-020
Wipe
14.9
ug/ft2
9094-W-4C-021
Wipe
8.28
ug/ft2
9094-W-4C-022
Wipe
7.81
ug/ft2
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 1A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4C-026
Air
0.374
ug/m3
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4C-014
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-4C-015
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4C-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-4C-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-4C-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-4C-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Comment
Sample was not received at
the laboratory.
Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 3 of 5
-------
Unit 4C Results
Mineral:
iymite
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4C-014
Air
ND
< 0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-4C-015
Air
ND
< 0.016
mg/m3
IfllflWF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-4C-002
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-003
Wipe
1030.17
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-004
Wipe
343.39
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4C-009
Air
6.316
S/L
9094-A-4C-010
Air
4.119
S/L
9094-A-4C-011
Air
2.549
S/L
9094-W-4C-018
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-019
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-020
Wipe
343.39
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-021
Wipe
114.46
S/cm2
9094-W-4C-022
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-4C-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4C-003
Wipe
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4C-004
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 1A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
Page 4 of 5
-------
Unit 4C Results
9094-A-4C-016
Air
U
0.174
|jg/m3
9094-A-4C-017
Air
U
0.16
|jg/m3
9094-W-4C-019
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4C-020
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4C-021
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4C-022
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
Page 5 of 5
-------
Unit 4D Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-4D-006
Microvac
241883
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-007
Microvac
101779
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-008
Microvac
91601.3
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-009
Microvac
79727
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-010
Microvac
68700.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-011
Microvac
39580.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-001
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-002
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-4D-003
Wipe
34031.9
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-004
Wipe
2374.32
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-005
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 2A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4D-012
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-4D-013
Air
0.02
f/cc
9094-A-4D-014
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-4D-012
Air
0.0009
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-4D-013
Air
0.0055
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-4D-014
Air
0.0009
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-4D-012
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-4D-013
Air
0.0009
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-4D-014
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-M-4D-024
Microvac
29679
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-025
Microvac
44518.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-026
Microvac
24732.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Page 1 of 5
-------
Unit 4D Results
9094-M-4D-027
Microvac
37593.4
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-028
Microvac
45507.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-4D-029
Microvac
25721.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-019
Wipe
2374.32
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-020
Wipe
< 2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-021
Wipe
26117.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-022
Wipe
43529.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-4D-023
Wipe
18994.6
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Dio» MPC (ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-4D-002 Wipe
9094-W-4D-003 Wipe
9094-W-4D-004 Wipe
9094-W-4D-005 Wipe
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-4D-020 Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Detected
Detected
9094-W-4D-021
9094-W-4D-022
9094-W-4D-023
im
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-4D-017
9094-A-4D-018
Air
Air
Detected
ND
ND
Result
0.878 ng/m2
2.51 ng/m2
0.728 ng/m2
0.692 ng/m2
Result
0.571 ng/m2
0.694 ng/m2
0.522 ng/m2
0.557 ng/m2
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.016 mg/m3
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 5
-------
Unit 4D Results
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-4D-006
Microvac
83.5
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-007
Microvac
66
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-008
Microvac
26.2
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-009
Microvac
39.9
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-010
Microvac
78.2
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-011
Microvac
72.1
ug/ft2
9094-W-4D-002
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-4D-003
Wipe
169
ug/ft2
9094-W-4D-004
Wipe
17.4
ug/ft2
9094-W-4D-005
Wipe
17.1
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning -
Test 2A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4D-015
Air
0.146
ug/m3
Lab blank contamination
(Validation = R).
9094-A-4D-016
Air
0.137
ug/m3
Lab blank contamination
(Validation = R).
9094-M-4D-024
Microvac
2.4
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-025
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-026
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-027
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-028
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-4D-029
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-4D-020
Wipe
20.4
ug/ft2
Lab blank contamination
(Validation = R).
9094-W-4D-021
Wipe
66
ug/ft2
Lab blank contamination
(Validation = R).
9094-W-4D-022
Wipe
10.6
ug/ft2
Lab blank contamination
(Validation = R).
9094-W-4D-023
Wipe
15.6
ug/ft2
Lab blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Post 2nd cleaning
- Test 2A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-4D-030
Air
0.055
ug/m3
9094-W-4D-031
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Page 3 of 5
-------
Unit 4D Results
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4D-017 Air ND
9094-A-4D-018 Air ND
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4D-017 Air ND
9094-A-4D-018 Air ND
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4D-017 Air ND
9094-A-4D-018 Air ND
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4D-017 Air ND
9094-A-4D-018 Air ND
MMVF
Before cleaning
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-W-4D-002 Wipe
9094-W-4D-003 Wipe
9094-W-4D-004 Wipe
9094-W-4D-005 Wipe
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4D-012 Air
9094-A-4D-013 Air
9094-A-4D-014 Air
9094-W-4D-019 Wipe
9094-W-4D-020 Wipe
Result
< 0.004 mg/m3
< 0.004 mg/m3
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.016 mg/m3
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.016 mg/m3
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.016 mg/m3
Result
400.62 S/cm2
2174.79 S/cm2
286.16 S/cm2
457.85 S/cm2
Result
1.398 S/L
9.553 S/L
2.124 S/L
57.23 S/cm2
171.69 S/cm2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 5
-------
Unit 4D Results
9094-W-4D-021 Wipe
572.31 S/cm2
9094-W-4D-022
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
9094-W-4D-023
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
PAH TEF
(ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-4D-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4D-003
Wipe
325.8
ug/m2
9094-W-4D-004
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4D-005
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning - Test 2A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-4D-020
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4D-021
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4D-022
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-4D-023
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Page 5 of 5
-------
Unit 4th Floor Hallway Results
Asbestos
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4TH-001 Air
9094-A-4TH-001 Air ND
9094-A-4TH-001 Air ND
im
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4TH-003 Air ND
Lead
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4TH-002 Air
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4TH-003 Air ND
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4TH-003 Air ND
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4TH-003 Air ND
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-4TH-003 Air ND
Result
0.003
0.0009
0.0009
Result
0.008
mg/m3
Result
0.184
ug/m3
Result
0.004
mg/m3
Result
0.016
mg/m3
Result
0.016
mg/m3
Result
0.016
Comment
f/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>5u/cc
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
mg/m3
Page 1 of 2
-------
Unit 4th Floor Hallway Results
IfllflWF
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected Result Comment
9094-A-4TH-001 Air 0.735 S/L
Page 2 of 2
-------
Unit 5A Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
9094-M-5A-005
Matrix
Microvac
Detected
Result
319742
S/cm2
Comment
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-006
Microvac
139821
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-007
Microvac
5935.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-008
Microvac
ND
<
3165.76
S/cm2
9094-M-5A-009
Microvac
64106.6
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-010
Microvac
33240.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-011
Microvac
34625.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5A-001
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5A-002
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5A-003
Wipe
233475
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5A-004
Wipe
22951.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-5A-012
- Test 3B
Matrix
Air
Detected
Result
0.009
f/cc
Comment
9094-A-5A-013
Air
0.005
f/cc
9094-A-5A-014
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-5A-012
Air
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-5A-013
Air
ND
<
0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-5A-014
Air
ND
<
0.0007
S>5u/cc
9094-M-5A-024
Microvac
30866.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-025
Microvac
41154.9
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-026
Microvac
40363.4
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-027
Microvac
ND
<
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-028
Microvac
3561.48
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5A-029
Microvac
7914.4
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Page 1 of 6
-------
Unit 5A Results
9094-M-5A-030
Microvac
75186.8
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5A-019
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-020
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-021
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5A-022
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-023
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Dio)
EMPC (ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-5A-002
Wipe
0.528
ng/m2
9094-W-5A-003
Wipe
0.565
ng/m2
9094-W-5A-004
Wipe
0.747
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-5A-020
Wipe
0.587
ng/m2
9094-W-5A-021
Wipe
0.604
ng/m2
9094-W-5A-022
Wipe
0.57
ng/m2
9094-W-5A-023
Wipe
0.569
ng/m2
111
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5A-017
Air
ND
<
0.028
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-018
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5A-034
Air
ND
<
0.009
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-035
Air
ND
<
0.009
mg/m3
Page 2 of 6
-------
Unit 5A Results
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
9094-M-5A-005
Matrix
Microvac
Detected
ND
<
Result
2.23
ug/ft2
9094-M-5A-006
Microvac
ND
<
2.23
ug/ft2
9094-M-5A-007
Microvac
ND
<
2.23
ug/ft2
9094-M-5A-008
Microvac
ND
<
2.23
ug/ft2
9094-M-5A-009
Microvac
ND
<
2.23
ug/ft2
9094-M-5A-010
Microvac
3.46
ug/ft2
9094-M-5A-011
Microvac
ND
<
2.23
ug/ft2
9094-W-5A-002
Wipe
4.79
ug/ft2
9094-W-5A-003
Wipe
191
ug/ft2
9094-W-5A-004
Wipe
2000
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-5A-015
- Test 3B
Matrix
Air
Detected
Result
0.083
ug/m3
9094-A-5A-016
Air
0.07
ug/m3
9094-M-5A-024
Microvac
2.6
ug/ft2
9094-M-5A-025 Microvac
9094-M-5A-026 Microvac
9094-M-5A-027 Microvac
9094-M-5A-028 Microvac
9094-M-5A-029 Microvac
9094-M-5A-030 Microvac
9094-W-5A-020 Wipe
9094-W-5A-021 Wipe
9094-W-5A-022 Wipe
9094-W-5A-023 Wipe
ND
4.15 ug/ft2
2.6 ug/ft2
0.78 ug/ft2
0.975 ug/ft2
1.02 ug/ft2
5.27 ug/ft2
4.65 ug/ft2
43.5 ug/ft2
10.5 ug/ft2
39.7 ug/ft2
Comment
Comment
Sample was analyzed by
graphite furnace AA.
Sample was analyzed by
graphite furnace AA.
Sample was analyzed by
graphite furnace AA.
Sample was analyzed by
graphite furnace AA.
Sample was analyzed by
graphite furnace AA.
Sample was analyzed by
graphite furnace AA.
Sample was analyzed by
graphite furnace AA.
Page 3 of 6
-------
Unit 5A Results
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
-Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-5A-031
Wipe
8.55
ug/ft2
Estimated concentration (J).
9094-W-5A-032
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-5A-033
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
¦ Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5A-017
Air
ND
<
0.007
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-018
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
-Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5A-034
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-035
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
¦ Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5A-017
Air
ND
<
0.028
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-018
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
-Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5A-034
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-035
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
¦ Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5A-017
Air
ND
<
0.028
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-018
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
-Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5A-034
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-035
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Page 4 of 6
-------
Unit 5A Results
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5A-017
Air
ND
<
0.028
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-018
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
-Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5A-034
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-5A-035
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
IfllflWF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5A-002
Wipe
297.6
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-003
Wipe
1308.15
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-004
Wipe
792.45
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5A-012
Air
1.499
S/L
9094-A-5A-013
Air
2.603
S/L
9094-A-5A-014
Air
0.651
S/L
9094-W-5A-019
Wipe
286.16
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-020
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-021
Wipe
114.46
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-022
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-5A-023
Wipe
114.46
S/cm2
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5A-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5A-003
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5A-004
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 5 of 6
-------
Unit 5A Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 3B
Comment
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5A-020
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5A-021
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5A-022
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5A-023
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Page 6 of 6
-------
Unit 5C Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-5C-005
Microvac
132284
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5C-006
Microvac
136128
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5C-007
Microvac
117133
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5C-001
Wipe
9497.28
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5C-002
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5C-003
Wipe
97347.1
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5C-004
Wipe
30074.7
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning -
Test 3A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5C-009
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-5C-010
Air
0.015
f/cc
9094-A-5C-011
Air
0.005
f/cc
9094-A-5C-009
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-5C-010
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-5C-011
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-M-5C-021
Microvac
ND
<
1582.88
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5C-022
Microvac
174117
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5C-023
Microvac
74395.4
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5C-016
Wipe
2374.32
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5C-017
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5C-018
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-5C-019
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5C-020
Wipe
3165.76
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 2nd cleaning
- Test 3A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5C-024
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-5C-025
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-5C-026
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Page 1 of 6
-------
Unit 5C Results
9094-A-5C-027 Air
9094-A-5C-028 Air
9094-A-5C-024 Air
9094-A-5C-025 Air
9094-A-5C-026 Air
9094-A-5C-027 Air
9094-A-5C-028 Air
9094-A-5C-024 Air
9094-A-5C-025 Air
9094-A-5C-026 Air
9094-A-5C-027 Air
9094-A-5C-028 Air
Post 3rd cleaning - Test 3B
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-5C-031
Air
9094-A-5C-032
Air
9094-A-5C-033
Air
9094-A-5C-034
Air
9094-A-5C-031
Air
9094-A-5C-032
Air
9094-A-5C-033
Air
9094-A-5C-034
Air
9094-A-5C-031
Air
9094-A-5C-032
Air
9094-A-5C-033
Air
9094-A-5C-034
Air
f/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Detected
ND
ND
Result Comment
0.001 f/CC
< 0.001 f/cc
0.001 f/cc
0.003 f/cc
0.0026 S>0.5u/cc Chrysotile
0.0004 S>0.5u/CC Chrysotile
0.0026 S>0.5u/cc Chrysotile
0.0021 S>0.5u/CC Chrysotile
0.0004 S>5u/CC Chrysotile
< 0.0004 S>5u/cc
0.0016 S>5u/CC Chrysotile
0.0015 S>5u/CC Chrysotile
Page 2 of 6
-------
Unit 5C Results
Dioxi ' " •
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5C-002
Wipe
0.79
ng/m2
9094-W-5C-003
Wipe
2.55
ng/m2
9094-W-5C-004
Wipe
0.575
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 3A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5C-017
Wipe
0.794
ng/m2
9094-W-5C-018
Wipe
0.494
ng/m2
9094-W-5C-019
Wipe
0.567
ng/m2
9094-W-5C-020
Wipe
0.556
ng/m2
im
Post 1st cleaning - Test 3A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-5C-014 Air
9094-A-5C-015 Air
Lead
Before cleaning
Detected
ND
ND
Result
< 0.016 mg/m3
< 0.016 mg/m3
Sample ID
Matrix Detected
Result
9094-M-5C-005
Microvac
104
ug/ft2
9094-M-5C-006
Microvac
293
ug/ft2
9094-M-5C-007
Microvac
133
ug/ft2
9094-W-5C-002
Wipe
6.95
ug/ft2
9094-W-5C-003
Wipe
336
ug/ft2
9094-W-5C-004
Wipe
43.6
ug/ft2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 3 of 6
-------
Unit 5C Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 3A
Sample ID
9094-A-5C-012
Matrix
Air
Detected
Result
0.095
ug/m3
Comment
9094-A-5C-013
Air
0.101
ug/m3
9094-M-5C-021
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-5C-022
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-M-5C-023
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/ft2
9094-W-5C-017
9094-W-5C-018
Wipe
Wipe
10.3
ug/m2
ug/ft2
Sample was received broken;
not analyzed.
9094-W-5C-019
Wipe
7.69
ug/ft2
9094-W-5C-020
Wipe
6.86
ug/ft2
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 3A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-5C-029 Air
Detected
Result
0.674
ug/m3
Comment
9094-A-5C-030
Air
0.757
ug/m3
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-5C-014
- Test 3A
Matrix
Air
Detected
ND
<
Result
0.004
mg/m3
Comment
9094-A-5C-015
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-5C-014
- Test 3A
Matrix
Air
Detected
ND
<
Result
0.016
mg/m3
Comment
9094-A-5C-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
9094-A-5C-014
- Test 3A
Matrix
Air
Detected
ND
<
Result
0.016
mg/m3
Comment
9094-A-5C-015
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Page 4 of 6
-------
Unit §C Results
lineral; Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5C-014
Air
0.027
mg/m3
9094-A-5C-015
Air
ND
< 0.016
mg/m3
IfllflWF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5C-002
Wipe
457.85
S/cm2
9094-W-5C-003
Wipe
457.85
S/cm2
9094-W-5C-004
Wipe
1144.63
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5C-009
Air
13.399
S/L
9094-A-5C-010
Air
19.25
S/L
9094-A-5C-011
Air
8.129
S/L
9094-W-5C-016
Wipe
1774.17
S/cm2
9094-W-5C-017
Wipe
744.01
S/cm2
9094-W-5C-018
Wipe
4211.37
S/cm2
9094-W-5C-019
Wipe
2758.14
S/cm2
9094-W-5C-020
Wipe
1316.32
S/cm2
Post 2nd cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 3A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5C-024
Air
2.266
S/L
9094-A-5C-025
Air
16.598
S/L
9094-A-5C-026
Air
12.621
S/L
9094-A-5C-027
Air
1.614
S/L
9094-A-5C-028
Air
0.829
S/L
Post 3rd cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5C-031
Air
ND
< 0.066
S/L
9094-A-5C-032
Air
ND
< 0.064
S/L
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 5 of 6
-------
Unit 5C Results
PAH TEF (ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5C-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5C-003
Wipe
303.5
ug/m2
9094-W-5C-004
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
st 1st cleaning -
Test 3A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5C-017
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5C-018
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5C-019
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5C-020
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Page 6 of 6
-------
Unit 5D Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-5D-006
Microvac
83892.6
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5D-007
Microvac
470907
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5D-001
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Amosite
9094-W-5D-002
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-003
Wipe
ND
<
2366.41
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5D-004
Wipe
4748.64
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5D-005
Wipe
36406.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 3B
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-5D-008
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-5D-009
Air
0.002
f/cc
9094-A-5D-010
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-5D-008
Air
ND
<
0.0006
S>5u/cc
9094-A-5D-009
Air
ND
<
0.0007
S>5u/cc
9094-A-5D-010
Air
ND
<
0.0007
S>5u/cc
9094-M-5D-020
Microvac
284918
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-5D-021
Microvac
12267.3
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-5D-015
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-016
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-017
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-018
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-019
Wipe
ND
<
5916.01
S/cm2
Dioxin
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-5D-002
Wipe
0.668
ng/m2
9094-W-5D-003
Wipe
0.56
ng/m2
9094-W-5D-004
Wipe
0.562
ng/m2
9094-W-5D-005
Wipe
0.609
ng/m2
Page 1 of 4
-------
Unit 5D Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 3B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-5D-016 Wipe
9094-W-5D-017 Wipe
9094-W-5D-018 Wipe
9094-W-5D-019 Wipe
Gypsum
Post 1st cleaning - Test 3B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-5D-013 Air
9094-A-5D-014 Air
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-M-5D-006
Microvac
9094-M-5D-007
Microvac
9094-W-5D-002
Wipe
9094-W-5D-003
Wipe
9094-W-5D-004
Wipe
9094-W-5D-005
Wipe
Post 1st cleaning
- Test 3B
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-5D-011
Air
9094-A-5D-012
Air
9094-M-5D-020
Microvac
9094-M-5D-021
Microvac
9094-W-5D-016
Wipe
9094-W-5D-017
Wipe
9094-W-5D-018
Wipe
9094-W-5D-019
Wipe
Detected Result
0.498
0.608
0.55
0.631
Comment
ng/m2
ng/m2
ng/m2
ng/m2
Detected Result Comment
ND < 0.016 mg/m3
ND < 0.016 mg/m3
Detected
Result
27.1
49.1
7.35
Comment
ug/ft2
ug/ft2
ug/ft2
4.68 ug/ft2
25.3 ug/ft2
32.1 ug/ft2
Detected
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Result
0.079 ug/m3
0.08 ug/m3
< 2.32 ug/ft2
< 2.32 ug/ft2
< 4.65 ug/ft2
12.8 ug/ft2
< 4.65 ug/ft2
< 4.65 ug/ft2
Comment
Page 2 of 4
-------
Unit 5D Results
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning ¦
Sample ID
¦ Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5D-013
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-5D-014
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning ¦
Sample ID
¦ Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5D-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-5D-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Mineral:
Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning ¦
Sample ID
¦ Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5D-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-5D-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Mineral
; Jyimite
Post 1st cleaning ¦
Sample ID
¦ Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5D-013
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-5D-014
Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
MMVF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5D-002
Wipe
251.82
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-003
Wipe
206.03
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-004
Wipe
712.21
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-005
Wipe
595.21
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning ¦
Sample ID
¦ Test 3B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-5D-008
Air
9.814
S/L
9094-A-5D-009
Air
7.358
S/L
9094-A-5D-010
Air
8.424
S/L
9094-W-5D-015
Wipe
171.69
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-016
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 3 of 4
-------
Unit 5D Results
9094-W-5D-017 Wipe
171.69 S/cm2
9094-W-5D-018
Wipe
114.46
S/cm2
9094-W-5D-019
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
PAH TEF
(ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5D-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5D-003
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5D-004
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5D-005
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning - Test 3B
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-5D-016
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5D-017
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5D-018
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-5D-019
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 4
-------
5th Floor Hallway Results
Asbestos
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-5TH-001 Air
9094-A-5TH-002 Air
9094-A-5TH-001 Air
9094-A-5TH-002 Air
Post 2nd cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-5TH-005 Air
9094-A-5TH-006 Air
9094-A-5TH-005 Air
9094-A-5TH-006 Air
9094-A-5TH-005 Air
9094-A-5TH-006 Air
im
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-5TH-004 Air
Lead
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-5TH-003 Air
Detected
Detected
ND
ND
ND
ND
Detected
ND
Detected
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-5TH-004 Air
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
ND
9094-A-5TH-004
Air
Detected
ND
Result
0.004 f/cc
0.004 f/cc
Comment
S>5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Result
Comment
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/CC
f/CC
< 0.0009 S>0.5u/cc
< 0.0009 S>0.5u/cc
< 0.0009 S>5u/cc
< 0.0009 S>5u/cc
Result Comment
< 0.016 mg/m3
Result Comment
0.189 ug/m3
Result Comment
< 0.004 mg/m3
Result Comment
< 0.016 mg/m3
Page 1 of 2
-------
Unit 5th Floor Hallway Results
Miner stobalite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-5TH-004 Air ND <
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-5TH-004 Air ND <
MMVF
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-5TH-001 Air
9094-A-5TH-002 Air
Result
0.016
mg/m3
Result
0.016
mg/m3
Result
0.617
0.562
S/L
S/L
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 2
-------
Barber Shop Results
Asbestos
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4E
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-BS-005
Air
ND
<
0.001
9094-A-BS-006
Air
ND
<
0.001
9094-A-BS-007
Air
ND
<
0.001
9094-A-BS-005
Air
ND
<
0.0004
9094-A-BS-006
Air
ND
<
0.0004
9094-A-BS-007
Air
ND
<
0.0004
9094-A-BS-005
Air
ND
<
0.0004
9094-A-BS-006
Air
ND
<
0.0004
9094-A-BS-007
Air
ND
<
0.0004
Dio)
EMPC (ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-BS-001
Wipe
0.661
9094-W-BS-002
Wipe
0.692
9094-W-BS-003
Wipe
0.636
9094-W-BS-004
Wipe
0.767
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4E
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-BS-010
Wipe
0.503
9094-W-BS-011
Wipe
0.526
9094-W-BS-012
Wipe
0.5
9094-W-BS-013
Wipe
0.577
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-BS-001
Wipe
ND
<
4.64
9094-W-BS-002
Wipe
12.1
9094-W-BS-003
Wipe
25.9
9094-W-BS-004
Wipe
42.9
Comment
f/cc
f/cc
f/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
Comment
NG/M2
NG/M2
NG/M2
NG/M2
Comment
NG/M2
NG/M2
NG/M2
NG/M2
Comment
ug/ft2
ug/ft2 Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
ug/ft2 Field blank contamination
(Validation = R).
ug/ft2
Page 1 of 2
-------
ilartoer Shop Results
3ost 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A, 4E
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-BS-008
Air
ND
<
0.051
ug/m3
9094-A-BS-009
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
9094-W-BS-010
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-BS-011
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-BS-012
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
9094-W-BS-013
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/ft2
IfllflWF
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4E
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-BS-005
Air
ND
<
0.067
S/L
9094-A-BS-006
Air
0.302
S/L
9094-A-BS-007
Air
0.078
S/L
1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-BS-001
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-BS-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-BS-003
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-BS-004
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4E
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-BS-010
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-BS-011
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-BS-012
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-BS-013
Wipe
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 2
-------
Cedar Street Staircase Results
Asbestos
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CS3-001
Air
0.003
f/cc
9094-A-CS5-001
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-CS3-001
Air
0.001
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-CS5-001
Air
0.0015
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-CS3-001
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-CS5-001
Air
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
111
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CS3-003
Air
ND
<
0.009
mg/m3
9094-A-CS5-003
Air
ND
<
0.009
mg/m3
Lead
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CS3-002
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
9094-A-CS5-002
Air
ND
<
0.051
ug/m3
Mineral:
alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CS3-003
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-CS5-003
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A, 4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CS3-003
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-CS5-003
Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Page 1 of 2
-------
Cedar Street Staircase Results
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-CS3-003 Air ND
9094-A-CS5-003 Air ND
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-CS3-003 Air ND
9094-A-CS5-003 Air ND
MMVF
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-CS3-001 Air ND
9094-A-CS5-001
Air
Air
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
0.069 S/L
0.068 S/L
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 2
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
bestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-010
Air
0.016
f/cc
9094-A-CHR-011
Air
0.006
f/cc
9094-A-CHR-010
Air
ND
< 0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-CHR-011
Air
ND
< 0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-M-CHR-006
Microvac
601494
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-CHR-007
Microvac
166202
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-CHR-008
Microvac
1709500
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-CHR-009
Microvac
10967100 S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-001
Wipe
17411.7
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-002
Wipe
145625
S/cm2
Chrysotile/Amosite.
9094-W-CHR-003
Wipe
18203.1
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-004
Wipe
84684.1
S/cm2
Chrysotile/Amosite.
9094-W-CHR-005
Wipe
51443.6
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-014 Air
9094A-CHR-015 Air
9094A-CHR-016 Air
9094A-CHR-014 Air
9094A-CHR-015 Air
9094A-CHR-016 Air
9094A-CHR-014 Air
9094A-CHR-015 Air
9094A-CHR-016 Air
9094-M-CHR-026 Microvac
9094-M-CHR-027 Microvac
9094-M-CHR-028 Microvac
Detected
Result
f/cc
f/cc
f/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
4748.64 S/cm2
164619.52 S/cm2
22753.9 S/cm2
Comment
Not analyzed, uneven
distribution of material on the
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed, uneven
distribution of material on the
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed, uneven
distribution of material on the
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Chrysotile
Chrysotile
22 Chrysotile and 1
Anthophyllite
Page 1 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
9094-M-CHR-029
Microvac
23743.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-021
Wipe
2967.9
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-022
Wipe
3957.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-023
Wipe
109219
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-024
Wipe
89432.7
S/cm2
1 Amosite and 112 Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-025
Wipe
ND
< 739.502
S/cm2
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-030
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-031
Air
0.441
f/cc
9094-A-CHR-032
Air
0.018
f/cc
9094-A-CHR-030
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-031
Air
0.1767
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-CHR-032
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-030
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-031
Air
0.039
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-CHR-032
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-W-CHR-037
Wipe
< 6720.06
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-038
Wipe
12480.1
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-039
Wipe
115201
S/cm2
1 Amosite and 59 Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-040
Wipe
15360.1
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-CHR-041
Wipe
< 5740.85
S/cm2
Chrysotile
3ost 1st cleaning -
Test 4C
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-042
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-043
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-044
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-045
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-046
Air
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-CHR-042
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Page 2 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
9094-A-CHR-043 Air
9094-A-CHR-044 Air
9094-A-CHR-045 Air
9094-A-CHR-046 Air
9094-A-CHR-042 Air
9094-A-CHR-043 Air
9094-A-CHR-044 Air
9094-A-CHR-045 Air
9094-A-CHR-046 Air
0.0075 S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/cc
0.0007 S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
ND
S>5u/cc
0.0033 S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
< 0.0007 S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-M-CHR-051
Microvac
21504.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-CHR-052
Microvac
31488.3
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-CHR-053
Microvac
54144.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-CHR-054
Microvac
59520.6
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning -
Test4D
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-056
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-CHR-057
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-CHR-058
Air
0.003
f/cc
9094-A-CHR-056
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-CHR-057
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-CHR-058
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-CHR-056
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>5u/cc
9094-A-CHR-057
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
Page 3 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
win 1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-CHR-012
Air
0.000305
ng/m3
9094-W-CHR-002
Wipe
1.03
ng/m2
9094-W-CHR-003
Wipe
0.547
ng/m2
9094-W-CHR-004
Wipe
0.788
ng/m2
9094-W-CHR-005
Wipe
0.544
ng/m2
9094-A-CHR-058
Air
ND
<
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-CHR-022 Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-023
9094-W-CHR-024
9094-W-CHR-025
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-CHR-038 Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-039
9094-W-CHR-040
9094-W-CHR-041
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4E
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-CHR-061 Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-062
9094-W-CHR-063
Pre-waterwipe
Sample ID
9094-W-CHR-055
Matrix
Wipe
im
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-019 Air
Detected
Detected
Detected
Detected
Detected
ND
Comment
1.2
1.15
0.0005
Result
1.01 ng/m2
0.999 ng/m2
ng/m2
ng/m2
Result
0.933 ng/m2
1.12 ng/m2
0.982 ng/m2
0.712 ng/m2
Result
0.598 NG/M2
0.616 NG/M2
0.645 NG/M2
Result
0.708 NG/M2
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
9094-A-CHR-020
Air
ND
< 0.008 mg/m3
Page 4 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
3ost 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-035
Air
0.014
mg/m3
9094-A-CHR-036
Air
0.011
mg/m3
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4C
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-049
Air
0.009
mg/m3
9094-A-CHR-050
Air
0.012
mg/m3
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-M-CHR-006
Microvac
28.2
ug/ft2
9094-M-CHR-007
Microvac
7.22
ug/ft2
Estimated concentration (J)
9094-M-CHR-008
Microvac
181
ug/ft2
Estimated concentration (J)
9094-M-CHR-009
Microvac
69.3
ug/ft2
Estimated concentration (J)
9094-W-CHR-002
Wipe
433
ug/ft2
9094-W-CHR-003
Wipe
346
ug/ft2
9094-W-CHR-004
Wipe
116
ug/ft2
9094-W-CHR-005
Wipe
74.7
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-017
Air
0.617
ug/m3
9094-A-CHR-018
Air
0.499
ug/m3
9094-M-CHR-026
Microvac
9.66
ug/ft2
9094-M-CHR-027
Microvac
3.67
ug/ft2
9094-M-CHR-028
Microvac
5.25
ug/ft2
9094-M-CHR-029
Microvac
9.23
ug/ft2
9094-W-CHR-022
Wipe
11.2
ug/ft2
9094-W-CHR-023
Wipe
146
ug/ft2
9094-W-CHR-024
Wipe
64.5
ug/ft2
9094-W-CHR-025
Wipe
5.97
ug/ft2
Page 5 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-CHR-033
Air
0.503
ug/m3
9094-A-CHR-034
Air
0.486
ug/m3
9094-W-CHR-038
Wipe
7.12
ug/fl2
9094-W-CHR-039
Wipe
147
ug/fl2
9094-W-CHR-040
Wipe
556
ug/fl2
9094-W-CHR-041
Wipe
6.61
ug/fl2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4C
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-CHR-047
Air
1.89
ug/m3
9094-A-CHR-048
Air
2.56
ug/m3
9094-M-CHR-051
Microvac
14.5
ug/fl2
9094-M-CHR-052
Microvac
18.5
ug/fl2
9094-M-CHR-053
Microvac
17.4
ug/fl2
9094-M-CHR-054
Microvac
17.9
ug/fl2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4D
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-CHR-059
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
9094-A-CHR-060
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4E
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-CHR-061
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/fl2
9094-W-CHR-062
Wipe
954
ug/fl2
9094-W-CHR-063
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/fl2
Mineral: alpha-Quc
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-CHR-019
Air
ND
<
0.008
mg/m3
9094-A-CHR-020
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-CHR-035
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-CHR-036
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 6 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4C
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-049 Air
9094-A-CHR-050 Air
Miner; cite
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-019 Air
Detected
ND
ND
9094-A-CHR-020
Air
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-035 Air
Detected
ND
ND
Detected
ND
9094-A-CHR-036
Air
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4C
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-049 Air
9094-A-CHR-050 Air
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-019 Air
ND
Detected
ND
ND
9094-A-CHR-020
Air
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-035 Air
9094-A-CHR-036
Air
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4C
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-049 Air
9094-A-CHR-050 Air
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-019 Air
Detected
ND
ND
Detected
ND
ND
Detected
ND
ND
9094-A-CHR-020
Air
Detected
ND
ND
Result
0.004
0.004
mg/m3
mg/m3
Result
0.034
0.016
Result
0.017
0.016
Result
0.017
0.016
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
Result
0.034
0.016
Result
0.017
0.016
Result
0.017
0.016
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
Result
0.034
0.016
mg/m3
mg/m3
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 7 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-035 Air
9094-A-CHR-036 Air
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4C
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-CHR-049 Air
9094-A-CHR-050 Air
IfllflWF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-CHR-010
Air
9094-A-CHR-011
Air
9094-W-CHR-002
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-003
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-004
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-005
Wipe
Post 1st cleaning -
Test 4A
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-CHR-014
Air
9094-A-CHR-015
Air
9094-A-CHR-016
Air
9094-W-CHR-021
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-022
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-023
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-024
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-025
Wipe
Post 1st cleaning -
Test4B
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-CHR-030
Air
9094-A-CHR-031
Air
9094-A-CHR-032
Air
9094-W-CHR-037
Wipe
Detected
ND
ND
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
< 0.016 mg/m3
Comment
Detected
ND
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
Comment
ND
0.016 mg/m3
Detected
Result
4.579 S/L
7.869 S/L
53415.98 S/cm2
30523.42 S/cm2
18314.25 S/cm2
744.01 S/cm2
Comment
Detected
ND
Result
0.522 S/L
1.461 S/L
1.843 S/L
57.23 S/cm2
57.23 S/cm2
515.08 S/cm2
457.85 S/cm2
< 57.23 S/cm2
Comment
Detected
ND
Result
17.579 S/L
60.606 S/L
5.598 S/L
< 57.23 S/cm2
Comment
Page 8 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
9094-W-CHR-038
Wipe
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-CHR-039
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
9094-W-CHR-040
Wipe
68.86
S/cm2
9094-W-CHR-041
Wipe
171.69
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4C
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-042
Air
1.668
S/L
9094-A-CHR-043
Air
0.35
S/L
9094-A-CHR-044
Air
5.499
S/L
9094-A-CHR-045
Air
0.126
S/L
9094-A-CHR-046
Air
0.514
S/L
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4D
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-056
Air
0.135
S/L
9094-A-CHR-057
Air
0.539
S/L
9094-A-CHR-058
Air
0.7
S/L
PAH TEF (ND=1/2)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-CHR-012
Air
0.15
|jg/m3
9094-A-CHR-013
Air
0.16
|jg/m3
9094-W-CHR-002
Wipe
290
ug/m2
Estimated concentration (J)
9094-W-CHR-003
Wipe
290
ug/m2
Estimated concentration (J)
9094-W-CHR-004
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-CHR-005
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-CHR-022
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-CHR-023
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-CHR-024
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-CHR-025
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Page 9 of 10
-------
Chiropractor's Office Results
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-CHR-038 Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-039
9094-W-CHR-040
9094-W-CHR-041
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4E
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-CHR-061 Wipe
Wipe
Wipe
9094-W-CHR-062
9094-W-CHR-063
Pre-waterwipe
Sample ID
9094-W-CHR-055
Matrix
Wipe
Detected
U
U
u
u
Detected
U
U
u
Detected
U
Result
290 ug/m2
290 ug/m2
290 ug/m2
290 ug/m2
Result
290 ug/m2
290 ug/m2
290 ug/m2
Result
290 ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 10 of 10
-------
Elevator Shaft Results
Asbestos
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-ELV-001
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-ELV-002
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-ELV-005
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-ELV-001
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-ELV-002
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-ELV-005
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-ELV-001
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>5u/cc
9094-A-ELV-002
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>5u/cc
9094-A-ELV-005
Air
ND
<
0.0004
S>5u/cc
Lead
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-ELV-003
Air
ND
<
0.05
ug/m3
9094-A-ELV-004
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
IfllflWF
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-ELV-001
Air
0.67
S/L
9094-A-ELV-002
Air
0.167
S/L
9094-A-ELV-005
Air
0.203
S/L
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 1 of 1
-------
The Food Exchange Results
tos
Before Cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-FE-001
Wipe
ND
<
302504
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
HVAC System
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-FE-018
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-019
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-020
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-018
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-FE-019
Air
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-FE-020
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-FE-018
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-FE-019
Air
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-FE-020
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-W-FE-015
Wipe
ND
<
30250.4
S/cm2
9094-W-FE-016
Wipe
ND
<
30250.4
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-FE-002
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-003
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-004
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-005
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-008
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-009
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-010
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-011
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-FE-002
Air
0.001
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-FE-003
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-FE-004
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-FE-005
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-FE-008
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-FE-009
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
Page 1 of 4
-------
fhe Food Exchange Results
9094-A-FE-010
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-FE-011
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-FE-002
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-FE-003
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-FE-004
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-FE-005
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-FE-008
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-FE-009
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-FE-010
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-FE-011
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Gypsum
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- HVAC System
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-FE-023
Air
ND
<
0.008
mg/m3
Lead
Before Cleaning -
Sample ID
HVAC System
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-FE-001
Wipe
1310
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- HVAC System
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-FE-021
Air
ND
<
0.053
ug/m3
Estimated concentration (J).
9094-A-FE-022
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
Estimated concentration (J).
9094-W-FE-015
Wipe
136
ug/ft2
9094-W-FE-016
Wipe
183
ug/ft2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-FE-006
Air
ND
<
0.053
ug/m3
9094-A-FE-007
Air
ND
<
0.05
ug/m3
9094-A-FE-012
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
9094-A-FE-013
Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
9094-A-FE-014
Air
ND
<
0.05
ug/m3
Page 2 of 4
-------
The Food Exchange Results
Mineral: alpha-Qu.
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-FE-023 Air ND
Miner. cite
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-FE-023 Air ND
Mineral; Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-FE-023 Air ND
Mineral; Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-FE-023 Air ND
MMVF
Before Cleaning - HVAC System
Result
< 0.004 mg/m3
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-FE-001
Wipe
1
1732.44
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
HVAC System
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-FE-018
Air
ND
<
0.066
S/L
9094-A-FE-019
Air
ND
<
0.066
S/L
9094-A-FE-020
Air
ND
<
0.067
S/L
9094-W-FE-015
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-FE-016
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Test 4A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-FE-002
Air
ND
<
0.069
S/L
9094-A-FE-003
Air
ND
<
0.072
S/L
9094-A-FE-004
Air
ND
<
0.086
S/L
9094-A-FE-005
Air
ND
<
0.074
S/L
9094-A-FE-008
Air
0.14
S/L
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 3 of 4
-------
The Food Exchange Results
9094-A-FE-009 Air 0.145 S/L
9094-A-FE-010 Air ND < 0.079 S/L
9094-A-FE-011 Air ND < 0.072 S/L
al Dust - NADCA vacuum
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System (NADCA)
Sample ID Matrix Detected Result Comment
9094-M-FE-017 Microvac 0.013 mg/cm2
Page 4 of 4
-------
Lemongrass Grill Results
Asbestos
Before cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected Result
9094-W-LG-009 Wipe ND < 30250.4
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-LG-023
Air
0.001
9094-A-LG-024
Air
0.001
9094-A-LG-025
Air
0.001
9094-A-LG-026
Air
0.001
9094-A-LG-023
Air
ND
<
0.0005
9094-A-LG-024
Air
0.0005
9094-A-LG-025
Air
0.0005
9094-A-LG-026
Air
ND
<
0.0005
9094-A-LG-023
Air
ND
<
0.0005
9094-A-LG-024
Air
ND
<
0.0005
9094-A-LG-025
Air
ND
<
0.0005
9094-A-LG-026
Air
ND
<
0.0005
9094-W-LG-020
Wipe
ND
<
12100.2
9094-W-LG-021
Wipe
ND
<
12100.2
Dst 1st cleaning
- Test 4A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-LG-001
Air
9094-A-LG-002
Air
9094-A-LG-003
Air
9094-A-LG-004
Air
9094-A-LG-005
Air
9094-A-LG-018
Air
ND
<
0.001
9094-A-LG-001
Air
9094-A-LG-002
Air
9094-A-LG-003
Air
Comment
S/cm2
Comment
f/cc
f/cc
f/cc
f/cc
S>0.5u/cc
S>0.5u/CC Chrysotile
S>0.5u/cc Chrysotile
S>0.5u/CC
S>5u/CC
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S/cm2
S/cm2
Comment
f/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
f/CC
S>0.5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Page
1 of 4
-------
Lemongrass Grill Results
9094-A-LG-004 Air
S>0.5u/CC Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-LG-005
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-LG-018
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-LG-001
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-LG-002
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-LG-003
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-LG-004
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-LG-005
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-LG-018
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Post 2nd cleaning
- Test 4A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-LG-010
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-LG-011
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-LG-012
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-LG-013
Air
ND
<
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-LG-014
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-LG-015
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-LG-016
Air
0.001
f/cc
9094-A-LG-010
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-LG-011
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-LG-012
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-LG-013
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-LG-014
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-LG-015
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-LG-016
Air
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-LG-010
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-LG-011
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-LG-012
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-LG-013
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-LG-014
Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Page 2 of 4
-------
Lemongrass Grill Results
9094-A-LG-015
Air
ND
< 0.0005 S>5u/cc
9094-A-LG-016 Air
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
111
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LG-030 Air ND
<
Result
0.009
mg/m3
Comment
Lead
Before cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-W-LG-009 Wipe
Result
10700
ug/ft2
Comment
Estimated concentration (J)
Post 1st Cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LG-027 Air ND
<
Result
0.053
ug/m3
Comment
Estimated concentration (J).
9094-A-LG-028 Air ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
Estimated concentration (J).
9094-A-LG-029 Air ND
<
0.053
ug/m3
Estimated concentration (J).
9094-W-LG-020 Wipe
9094-W-LG-021 Wipe
25.9
166
ug/ft2
ug/ft2
Method blank contamination
(Validation = R).
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LG-006 Air
Result
0.168
ug/m3
Comment
9094-A-LG-007 Air
0.16
ug/m3
9094-A-LG-008 Air
0.347
ug/m3
9094-A-LG-019 Air ND
<
0.059
ug/m3
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LG-030 Air ND
<
Result
0.004
mg/m3
Comment
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LG-030 Air ND
<
Result
0.017
mg/m3
Comment
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LG-030 Air ND
Result
< 0.017
Page 3 of 4
mg/m3
Comment
-------
Lemongrass Grill Results
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - HVAC System
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LG-030 Air ND
IfllflWF
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
Before cleaning -
Sample ID
HVAC System
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-LG-009
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- HVAC System
Matrix Detected
Result
9094-A-LG-023
Air
ND
<
0.096
S/L
9094-A-LG-024
Air
ND
<
0.086
S/L
9094-A-LG-025
Air
ND
<
0.067
S/L
9094-A-LG-026
Air
ND
<
0.089
S/L
9094-W-LG-020
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-LG-021
Wipe
ND
<
57.23
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-LG-001
Air
ND
<
0.075
S/L
9094-A-LG-002
Air
ND
<
0.068
S/L
9094-A-LG-003
Air
ND
<
0.082
S/L
9094-A-LG-004
Air
ND
<
0.066
S/L
9094-A-LG-005
Air
ND
<
0.063
S/L
9094-A-LG-018
Air
ND
<
0.072
S/L
Total Dust -
NADCA vacuum
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- HVAC System (NADCA)
Matrix Detected
Result
9094-M-LG-022
Microvac
0.005
mg/cm
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 4 of 4
-------
Liberty Street Staircase Results
Asbestos
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-LS3-001 Air
0.005
f/cc
9094-A-LS5-001 Air
0.003
f/cc
9094-A-LS3-001 Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
9094-A-LS5-001 Air
0.0005
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-LS3-001 Air
ND
<
0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-LS5-001 Air
0.0005
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
111
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-LS3-003 Air
ND
<
0.009
mg/m3
9094-A-LS5-003 Air
ND
<
0.008
mg/m3
Lead
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-LS3-002 Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
9094-A-LS5-002 Air
ND
<
0.052
ug/m3
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-LS3-003 Air
0.022
mg/m3
9094-A-LS5-003 Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-LS3-003 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-LS5-003 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mineral: Cristobalite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-LS3-003 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-LS5-003 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Page 1 of 2
-------
Liberty Street Staircase Results
Mineral: Tridymite
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LS3-003 Air ND
9094-A-LS5-003 Air
IfllflWF
ND
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4A, 4B
Sample ID Matrix Detected
9094-A-LS3-001 Air
9094-A-LS5-001 Air
Result
< 0.017 mg/m3
< 0.017 mg/m3
Result
0.14 S/L
0.072 S/L
Comment
Comment
Page 2 of 2
-------
Mattress Shop Results
jestos
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-012
Air
0.025
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-013
Air
0.283
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-014
Air
0.008
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-015
Air
0.004
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-012
Air
ND
< 0.0009
S>5u/cc
9094-A-MAT-013
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-MAT-014
Air
ND
< 0.0008
S>5u/cc
9094-A-MAT-015
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-M-MAT-005
Microvac
378132
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-MAT-006
Microvac
371977
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-MAT-007
Microvac
39572
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-MAT-008
Microvac
823098
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-MAT-009
Microvac
182031
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-MAT-010
Microvac
123465
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-MAT-011
Microvac
72812.5
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-MAT-002
Wipe
7122.96
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-MAT-003
Wipe
11080.2
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-W-MAT-004
Wipe
10288.7
S/cm2
Chrysotile
Post 1st cleaning -
Test 4A
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-018
Air
0.006
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-019
Air
0.006
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-020
Air
0.009
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-018
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-MAT-019
Air
S>0.5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
9094-A-MAT-020
Air
0.0009
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-018
Air
S>5u/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Page 1 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
9094-A-MAT-019 Air
9094-A-MAT-020 Air
9094-M-MAT-030 Microvac
9094-M-MAT-031 Microvac
9094-M-MAT-032 Microvac
9094-M-MAT-033 Microvac
9094-M-MAT-034 Microvac
9094-M-MAT-035 Microvac
9094-M-MAT-036 Microvac
9094-W-MAT-026 Wipe
9094-W-MAT-027 Wipe
9094-W-MAT-028 Wipe
9094-W-MAT-029 Wipe
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-MAT-037 Air
9094-A-MAT-038 Air
9094-A-MAT-039 Air
9094-A-MAT-037 Air
9094-A-MAT-038 Air
9094-A-MAT-039 Air
9094-A-MAT-037 Air
9094-A-MAT-038 Air
9094-A-MAT-039 Air
9094-W-MAT-045 Wipe
9094-W-MAT-046 Wipe
9094-W-MAT-047 Wipe
9094-W-MAT-048 Wipe
Detected
S>5u/cc
0.0009 S>5u/cc
18203.1 S/cm2
35614.8 S/cm2
53817.9 S/cm2
56983.7 S/cm2
58566.6 S/cm2
23743.2 S/cm2
47486.4 S/cm2
1582.88 S/cm2
48277.8 S/cm2
197860 S/cm2
134545 S/cm2
Result
f/cc
0.042 f/cc
f/cc
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Chrysotile
Chrysotile - Field Blank
contamination (Validation =
Chrysotile - Field Blank
contamination (Validation =
Chrysotile - Field Blank
contamination (Validation =
Chrysotile - Field Blank
contamination (Validation =
Chrysotile - Field Blank
contamination (Validation =
Chrysotile - Field Blank
contamination (Validation =
Chrysotile - Field Blank
contamination (Validation =
Chrysotile
Chrysotile
Chrysotile
Chrysotile
Comment
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
S>0.5u/cc Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
ND
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
S>5u/cc
2374.32 S/cm2
27304.7 S/cm2
35614.8 S/cm2
< 23664.1 S/cm2
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Not analyzed due to
overloading of particulates.
Chrysotile
Chrysotile
44 Chrysotile and 1
Anthophyllite
Particulate matter; sensitivity
(7914 s/cm2) not reached.
Page 2 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4C
Sample ID
9094-A-MAT-049
Matrix
Air
Detected
Result
0.006
f/cc
Comme
9094-A-MAT-050
Air
0.006
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-051
Air
0.008
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-052
Air
0.008
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-053
Air
0.007
f/cc
9094-A-MAT-049
Air
0.0067
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-050
Air
0.0032
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-051
Air
0.0106
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-052
Air
0.0041
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-053
Air
0.0047
S>0.5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-049
Air
0.0025
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-050
Air
0.0016
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-051
Air
0.0025
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-052
Air
0.0016
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-A-MAT-053
Air
0.0016
S>5u/cc
Chrysotile
9094-M-MAT-058
Microvac
ND
< 3840.04
S/cm2
9094-M-MAT-059
Microvac
ND
< 3840.04
S/cm2
Chrysotile
9094-M-MAT-060
9094-M-MAT-061
9094-M-MAT-062
9094-M-MAT-063
9094-M-MAT-064
Microvac
Microvac
Microvac
Microvac
Microvac
Post 1st cleaning - Test4D
Sample ID Matrix
9094-A-MAT-067
9094-A-MAT-068
9094-A-MAT-071
9094-A-MAT-067
9094-A-MAT-068
9094-A-MAT-071
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
ND
Detected
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
below detection limit.
12480.1 S/cm2 Chrysotile
95040.9 S/cm2 Chrysotile
6720.06 S/cm2 Chrysotile
4800.04 S/cm2 Chrysotile
< 3840.04 s/cm2 Chrysotile - Asbestos detected
below detection limit.
Result Comment
< 0.001 f/cc
< 0.001 f/cc
< 0.001 f/cc
< 0.0005 S>0.5u/cc
< 0.0005 S>0.5u/cc
< 0.0005 S>0.5u/cc
Page 3 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
9094-A-MAT-067
Air ND
< 0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-MAT-068
Air ND
< 0.0005
S>5u/cc
9094-A-MAT-071
Air ND
< 0.0005
S>5u/cc
Dioxin TEQ E 12)
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-016
Air
0.000221
ng/m3
9094-A-MAT-017
Air
0.00017
ng/m3
9094-W-MAT-002
Wipe
0.584
ng/m2
9094-W-MAT-003
Wipe
0.647
ng/m2
9094-W-MAT-004
Wipe
0.598
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-MAT-026
Wipe
0.797
ng/m2
9094-W-MAT-027
Wipe
0.805
ng/m2
9094-W-MAT-028
Wipe
0.691
ng/m2
9094-W-MAT-029
Wipe
0.846
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4B
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-MAT-045
Wipe
0.812
ng/m2
9094-W-MAT-046
Wipe
0.903
ng/m2
9094-W-MAT-047
Wipe
0.838
ng/m2
9094-W-MAT-048
Wipe
0.678
ng/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4E
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-MAT-072
Wipe
0.647
NG/M2
9094-W-MAT-073
Wipe
0.613
NG/M2
Pre-waterwipe
Sample ID
Matrix Detected
Result
Comment
9094-W-MAT-065
Wipe
0.849
NG/M2
9094-W-MAT-066
Wipe
0.698
NG/M2
Page 4 of 11
-------
Unit Mattress Shop
Gypsum
Post 1st cleaning -
Test 4A
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-MAT-023
Air
9094-A-MAT-024
Air
Post 1st cleaning -
Test4B
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-MAT-042
Air
9094-A-MAT-043
Air
Post 1st cleaning -
Test 4C
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-MAT-056
Air
9094-A-MAT-057
Air
Lead
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-M-MAT-005
Microvac
9094-M-MAT-006
Microvac
9094-M-MAT-007
Microvac
9094-M-MAT-008
Microvac
9094-M-MAT-009
Microvac
9094-M-MAT-010
Microvac
9094-M-MAT-011
Microvac
9094-W-MAT-002
Wipe
9094-W-MAT-003
Wipe
9094-W-MAT-004
Wipe
Post 1st cleaning -
Test 4A
Sample ID
Matrix
9094-A-MAT-021
Air
9094-A-MAT-022
Air
9094-M-MAT-030
Microvac
9094-M-MAT-031
Microvac
9094-M-MAT-032
Microvac
Results
Detected
ND
ND
Result
< 0.008 mg/m3
< 0.008 mg/m3
Comment
Detected
ND
ND
Result
< 0.008 mg/m3
< 0.008 mg/m3
Comment
Detected
ND
ND
Result
< 0.008 mg/m3
< 0.008 mg/m3
Comment
Detected
ND
ND
Result
5.56 ug/fl2
18.4 ug/fl2
7.66 ug/fl2
5.28 ug/fl2
3.52 ug/fl2
2.62 ug/fl2
2.32 ug/fl2
4.65 ug/fl2
38.9 ug/fl2
Comment
Estimated concentration (J).
Estimated concentration (J).
Estimated concentration (J).
77
ug/fl2
Detected
ND
ND
ND
Result
0.198 ug/m3
0.195 ug/m3
< 2.32 ug/fl2
< 2.32 ug/fl2
< 2.32 ug/fl2
Comment
Page 5 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
9094-M-MAT-033
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-034
Microvac
3.29
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-035
Microvac
2.56
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-036
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-026
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-027
Wipe
22.2
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-028
Wipe
43.9
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-029
Wipe
42.2
ug/fl2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-040
Air
0.363
ug/m3
9094-A-MAT-041
Air
0.352
ug/m3
9094-W-MAT-045
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-046
Wipe
10.6
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-047
Wipe
91.5
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-048
Wipe
79.3
ug/fl2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4C
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-054
Air
0.174
ug/m3
9094-A-MAT-055
Air
0.189
ug/m3
9094-M-MAT-058
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-059
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-060
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-061
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-062
Microvac
3.82
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-063
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/fl2
9094-M-MAT-064
Microvac
ND
<
2.32
ug/fl2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4D
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-069
Air
ND
<
0.051
ug/m3
9094-A-MAT-070
Air
ND
<
0.051
ug/m3
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 6 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4E
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-MAT-072
Wipe
19.5
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-073
Wipe
5.06
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-074
Wipe
38.2
ug/fl2
Pre-waterwipe
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-MAT-065
Wipe
ND
<
4.65
ug/fl2
9094-W-MAT-066
Wipe
20
ug/fl2
Mineral: alpha-Quartz
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-023
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-MAT-024
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-042
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-MAT-043
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4C
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-056
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
9094-A-MAT-057
Air
ND
<
0.004
mg/m3
Comment
Sample was broken at the
laboratory; ID not confirmed.
Sample was broken at the
laboratory; ID not confirmed.
Comment
Estimated concentration (J).
Comment
Comment
Comment
Mineral: Calcite
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-023 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-MAT-024 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-042 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-MAT-043 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4C
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-056 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094-A-MAT-057 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Page 7 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
Mi stobalite
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-023 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094A-MAT-024 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094A-MAT-042 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094A-MAT-043 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4C
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094A-MAT-056 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094A-MAT-057 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Mi nite
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4A
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094A-MAT-023 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094A-MAT-024 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4B
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-042 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
9094-A-MAT-043 Air
ND
<
0.016
mg/m3
Post 1st cleaning - Test 4C
Sample ID Matrix
Detected
Result
Comment
9094-A-MAT-056 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
9094A-MAT-057 Air
ND
<
0.017
mg/m3
Page 8 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
IfllflWF
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-012
Air
11.716
S/L
9094-A-MAT-013
Air
92.184
S/L
9094-A-MAT-014
Air
3.766
S/L
9094-A-MAT-015
Air
4.159
S/L
9094-W-MAT-002
Wipe
1201.86
S/cm2
9094-W-MAT-003
Wipe
23710.15
S/cm2
9094-W-MAT-004
Wipe
572.31
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-018
Air
3.19
S/L
9094-A-MAT-019
Air
2.834
S/L
9094-A-MAT-020
Air
3.802
S/L
9094-W-MAT-026
Wipe
114.46
S/cm2
9094-W-MAT-027
Wipe
ND
< 57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-MAT-028
Wipe
228.93
S/cm2
9094-W-MAT-029
Wipe
686.78
S/cm2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-037
Air
1.457
S/L
9094-A-MAT-038
Air
6.206
S/L
9094-A-MAT-039
Air
1.753
S/L
9094-W-MAT-045
Wipe
ND
< 57.23
S/cm2
9094-W-MAT-046
Wipe
171.69
S/cm2
9094-W-MAT-047
Wipe
286.16
S/cm2
9094-W-MAT-048
Wipe
286.16
S/cm2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 9 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4C
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-049
Air
4.723
S/L
9094-A-MAT-050
Air
1.051
S/L
9094-A-MAT-051
Air
1.203
S/L
9094-A-MAT-052
Air
2.127
S/L
9094-A-MAT-053
Air
2.092
S/L
Post 1st cleaning
Sample ID
- Test4D
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-067
Air
ND
< 0.067
S/L
9094-A-MAT-068
Air
ND
< 0.069
S/L
9094-A-MAT-071
Air
ND
< 0.047
S/L
Comment
Comment
Before cleaning
Sample ID
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-A-MAT-016
Air
U
2.7
|jg/m3
9094-W-MAT-002
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-MAT-003
Wipe
290
ug/m2
9094-W-MAT-004
Wipe
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test 4A
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-MAT-026
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-MAT-027
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-MAT-028
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-MAT-029
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Post 1st cleaning -
Sample ID
Test4B
Matrix
Detected
Result
9094-W-MAT-045
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-MAT-046
Wipe
U
290
ug/m2
9094-W-MAT-047
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
9094-W-MAT-048
Wipe
u
290
ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Comment
Page 10 of 11
-------
Mattress Shop Results
Post 1 st cleaning - Test 4E
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-MAT-072 Wipe
9094-W-MAT-073 Wipe
Pre-waterwipe
Sample ID Matrix
9094-W-MAT-065 Wipe
9094-W-MAT-066 Wipe
Detected
U
U
Detected
U
U
Result
290 ug/m2
290 ug/m2
Result
290 ug/m2
290 ug/m2
Comment
Comment
Page 11 of 11
-------
Attachment K
Summary of Mercury Vapor Results Using the Lumex Vapor Analyzer
-------
Summary of Mercury Vapor Results
Using the Lumex® Vapor Analyzer
Statistics for Combined Data
WTC Residential Confirmation Cleaning Study1
Statistic
Value
N
163
Mean
53.6
Std
39.1
Skew
1.3
cv
0.73
var
1525
stderr
3.1
max
210
P99
180
P95
130
P90
107
Q3
74
median
46
Q l
22
P5
1 1
min
->
J)
S-W"
0.90
P S-Wb
2.64E-09
aShapiro-Wilk test statistic for normality
Probability that the data come from a normal
distribution
'This information was provided by Dr. Clyde Johnson, Assistant Professor of Environmental Sciences at
MedgarEvers College (City University of New York).
-------
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-------
Attachment L
Photo Documentation
-------
WTC Reside
Confirmation
Study
110 Liberty St.
New York, NY
&EPA
United Stales
Environments Protection
Agency
-------
Lemongrass Grill
080102-002
Vacuuming Dust
Lemongrass Grill
Dsc00042
Pre-Cleanine Conditions
*
'1*
© V
-------
Lemongrass Grill
092702-001
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Lemongrass Grill
082102-006
Post-Cleaning Sampling
' * ,i/.. : «^i,J 1 ,
1- « <1 * # ' * - ' I I
ft
^ 1\ 1
*1 r
' p yi\y
4 'I"J
I
-------
The Food Exchange
081502-D2-011
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
The Food Exchange
081602-006
Vacuuming Dust
-------
The Food Exchange
092402-005
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Post-Cleaning Sampling
The Food Exchange
092402-004
-------
Barber Shop
090902-018
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Barber Shop
091702-006
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Barber Shop
092502-008
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Barber Shop
100302-002
Post-Cleaning Sampling
-------
Chiropractor's Office
062102-D1-011
Chiropractor's Office
072402-011
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Chiropractor's Office
080202-011
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Chiropractor's Office
100102-001
Post-Cleaning Sampling
-------
Mattress Store
062102-D1-027
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Mattress Store
071802-009
-------
Mattress Store
100102-005
Mattress Store
100202-003
Post-Cleaning Sampling
-------
Unit 2A
062102-D1-006
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Unit 2A
071602-001
Wet Wiping Dust
-------
Unit 2A
072202-005
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Unit 2A
091802-003
Post-Cleaning Sampling
-------
Unit 2B
062102-D2-011
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Unit 2B
062802-006
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
-------
Unit 2B
070102-002
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Unit 2B
081402-015
Cleaned Unit
-------
Unit 3 A
Dsc00261
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Unit 3 A
071802-002
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Unit 3 A
072302-004
Post-Cleaning Sampling
-------
Unit 3B
Dsc00230
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
-------
Unit 3B
Dsc00025
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Unit 3B
091702-019
Cleaned Unit
-------
Unit 3C
Dsc00321
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Unit 3C
071102-018
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Unit 3C
071302-D1-003
Unit 3C
091202-003
3ni Cleaning - Vacuuming Dust
-------
Unit 3D
Dsc00366
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Unit 3D
071102-010
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Unit 3D
072402-032
Unit 3D
091302-004
Post-Cleaning Sampling
-------
Unit 4A
061902-Dsc00017
Unit 4A
071902-003
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Unit 4A
072502-017
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Unit 4A
091002-002
Post-Cleaning Sampling
-------
Unit 4B
061902-Dsc00109
Unit 4B
070902-007
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Unit 4B
071202-013
Unit 4B
081202-011
Completed Unit
-------
Unit 4C
061902-Dsc00189
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Unit 4C
070802-001
-------
Unit 4C
Dsc0038
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Unit 4C
072402-009
Completed Unit
-------
Unit 4D
061902-Dsc00149
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
-------
Unit 4D
082002-016
Unit 4D
081302-005
2nd Cleaning - Washing Floor
f
-------
Unit 5A
061802-D2-030
Unit 5A
071002-012
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Unit 5A
071102-010
Post-Cleaning Sampling
\
J
L
Unit 5A
081202-014
Completed Unit
-------
Unit 5C
061802-D1-020
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
f"
-a|h
it • • - >* jK It
K~*«M sM
•} ¦' X- -i^W- • MmTiiiwW
.vi t,. -a;*? JKUMfli eo'er
***
-------
Unit 5C
080902-002
Post-Cleaning Sampling
Unit 5C
092002-001
3u1 Post-Sampling
1
w
/
H.
-------
Unit 5D
061802-D2-021
Pre-Cleaning Conditions
Unit 5D
062602-019
Vacuuming Dust
-------
Unit 5D
062902-003
Unit 5D
062802-002
Completed Unit
-------
Common Areas
092502-S. stairs-003
Common Areas
092602-S.stairs2fl-007
Post-Cleaning Sampling
------- |