Coastlines - Fall 1994 issue


Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Information About Estuaries and Near Coastal Waters
Fall 1994, Volume 4, Number 4

Table of Contents:

Articles:

•	Lead Story: Seagrasses as a Primary Indicator of Water Quality

•	GIS and NEMO Join Forces

Reducing polluted runoff at the local level

•	Shorewatch - Coastal Issues In Your Living Room

Local cable in Massachusetts shows programs on coastal issues

•	Pollution in Portland Harbor - 1800s Style

•	EPA Renews Committment to the Coastal America Partnership

Ten federal agencies collaborate to protect the coast

•	U. S. EPA Reference Handbook for Local Officials

•	Vessel Pumpout and Estuary Health

Turning the tide on recreational boat sewage

•	Calling All Barrier Islands

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The Barrier Island Ocean Watch Network (BIOWNET)
From Christinas Trees to Marshland

An update from Barataria-Terrebonne NEP
Remote Sensing in Estuarine Education

Aerial photography serves to educate the general public
New Policy on Combined Sewer Overflows
Improving Stewardship on Private Lands

More than 75 percent of wetlands are on private lands
Coastlines on Internet

We're now on the Information Superhighway

Regular Departments:

Information Exchange
Publications
Calendar
Coast to Coast

o Center for the Inland Bays

Delaware Inland Bays NEP
o Tillamook Bay NEP is Underway
o Welcome the Snook

About Coastlines.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Seagrasses as a Primary Indicator of
Water Quality

Sep-Oct Coastlines 10/4/94

Seagrasses serve as a good indicator of water quality because they are so sensiti ve to change, and they
are so visible. "Light penetration into estuarine waters is critical to seagrasses," said Bob Day, Program
Scientist at the IRLNEP. "Algal growth due to high nutrient levels in the water, turbidity, and colored
water from freshwater flows all lessen the amount of light that reaches the grasses and therefore impact
their growth."

In the Indian River Lagoon National Estuary Program (IRLNEP), seagrasses are the only indicator used
to measure water quality changes, and in the Tampa Bay National Estuary Program (TBNEP) they are
the primary indicator. They are also a primary indicator in the Chesapeake Bay restoration effort.

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Seagrass Beds in the Indian River Lagoon

Courtesy of the Indian River Lagoon NEP

Some of the activities responsible for the decreased water quality include dredge and fill projects,
nonpoint source pollution from road runoff, septic systems, and agricultural practices, and turbidity from
boat propellers. "The Indian River Lagoon has experienced significant urban growth throughout much of
the region and also receives large amounts of fresh water input in the southern portion of the Lagoon that
are related to agricultural activities," explained Day. "And along with those developments has come a
decline in seagrasses." Losses during the past few decades have been as high as 100 percent in some
areas, according to Day.

In addition to serving as a good indicator of water quality, seagrasses are also important for their
functions in the marine environment. "Seagrasses provide critical habitat for many estuarine species,
including fish, crabs, and shrimp," said Holly Greening, Program Scientist at the TBNEP. "Small fish use
the grasses as a nursery and adults feed in them, while crabs, shrimp, mollusks, and other marine
creatures attach themselves to the grasses to feed or hide," explained Greening.

Tracking the historical trends in seagrasses based on aerial photo interpretation has been well
documented in the TBNEP. As the accompanying figure shows, seagrass acreage declined from more
than 76,000 to about 40,000 acres between 1870 and 1950. And from 1950 to 1980 the decline continued
its downward trend to a low point of about 21,000 acres.



Coastal wetland

"Since 1988 we have seen an increase of about 2,000 acres, probably due at least in part to decreases in
nitrogen levels in the water, which leads to decreases in algal growth, and ultimately to clearer water,"
explained Greening. "We know that algal levels have decreased dramatically since 1985, and when 20 to
25 percent of the 'incident light' hitting the surface of the water penetrates to the bottom, seagrasses can
grow again."

Restoration of 15,000 acres during the next 20 years is a goal of the TBNEP. "One of the most significant
aspects of this approach is that we are using a living resource as a major indicator of the Bay's health
rather than simply measuring changes in water quality," said Greening. "If the seagrasses are returning
and, importantly, functioning as habitat for many marine creatures, then we know that the overall health
of the water must be good. The seagrasses themselves tell us about nitrogen levels, and the marine
creatures tell us about other issues such as dissolved oxygen and pesticides."

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At the IRLNEP, Day agrees that the use of a living resource has many benefits. "This is something that
the average person can see and touch," said Day. "The City of Melbourne stopped wastewater treatment
plant discharges of about eight million gallons per day into the Lagoon in the late 1980s. In recent years,
scientists studying the Lagoon and residents in the area have noticed clearer water and expanding
seagrass beds. These water quality and habitat improvements will benefit both sport and commercial
fishing, which are important elements of the area's economy."

For further information, contact Bob Day at the IRLNEP, (407) 984-4950, or Holly Greening at the
TBNEP, (813) 893-2765.

Chesapeake Bay Seagrasses Up 85%

In 1984, Chesapeake Bay reached a historical low of 38,000 acres of seagrasses, but by 1992 there were
more than 70,000 acres, an increase of 85 percent in eight years.

Initial data for 1993 indicate that Bay grasses continue to expand and grow more densely on many
existing beds. Grasses also have spread to areas within the Bay and the Potomac River, where they have
not been seen for several decades.

The Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP), the multigovernmental partnership committed to restoring the Bay,
is working toward an interim recovery goal of 114,000 acres, a level that will be reached by the year
2005 at the current rate of growth. This goal, agreed to by the CBP partners in 1993, represents the areas
in the Bay watershed that have been vegetated at one time or another since the early 1970's, when
complete mapping of grasses in the Bay began.

Program scientists and managers estimate that underwater grasses might have covered 400,000 acres of
the Bay watershed at one time. Based on this potential, the Program is developing new recovery goals for
the future beyond 114,000 acres.

Information courtesy of the Chesapeake Bay Program.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

GIS and NEMO Join Forces

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

Reduction of polluted runoff can only be achieved through informed land use decisions at the local level.
Based on that conviction, a three-year project entitled "Nonpoint Education for Municipal Officials"
(NEMO) began in Connecticut in the fall of 1991. Working with three towns along the Connecticut
coast, NEMO is aimed at devising useful ways to help teach local officials about the links between land
use and water quality.

The pilot project is using GIS (Geographic Information System) technology to teach officials (volunteer
commissioners are the primary audience) about nonpoint source water pollution. According to Chester L,
Arnold, Jr., NEMO Project Manager, influencing municipal land use decisions in water quality issues is
very difficult . "The limited time that most people can devote to this one issue in the course of their
routine duties, combined with the high turnover rate typically experienced by municipal commissioners,
adds an additional challenge to the education process."

"However," continued Arnold, "the recent proliferation of new federal and state nonpoint laws and
programs has underscored the growing need for local officials to be knowledgeable about the causes,

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effects, and management of polluted runoff."

With GIS, the NEMO project has produced maps to help show local officials the connections between
the water systems and current land uses in their communities. Images of topography and drainage
systems are used to emphasize the water cycle, the watershed concept, and the need for watershed
management. Then, ground and aerial photos plus land use data are used to portray current land use
patterns and pollution problems. Finally, using the community's present zoning regulations, a "buildout"
scenario is developed to show the possible land use patterns and resultant pollution problems that might
arise if future development follows the growth blueprint created by zoning.

Based on these scenarios, and benefiting from GIS images that show the relationship of a town's land use
to its water quality in a dramatic and understandable way, officials are able to develop new plans and
strategies in their day-to-day land use decisions. "By using GIS, we are applying the principle of'A
picture is worth a thousand words' to the education process," said Arnold.

Map of Waterford, Connecticut imperviousness buildout

Courtesy Univ. of CT. Dept. of Nat. Res. Mgmt. & Engr.

The NEMO team believes that by retaining their focus on devising an effective educational package,
rather than on using their GIS capabilities primarily for data analysis, a program of practical use to local
decision makers will emerge, and will be effective in helping to manage nonpoint source pollution.

While the main focus of the NEMO project at this time is to pursue further work in the pilot towns, there
is also a desire to broaden the scope to a national level. "Others are encouraged to use our program as a
template or as a catalyst to begin similar programs," said Arnold. "Also, we may offer a training course
and/or a 'cookbook' in the future. We have had a great many requests from across the country, and we are
very interested in helping those people."

NEMO is funded by the Extension Service (ES) of the U.S Department of Agriculture, and is the first of
a number of ES projects around the nation directed at helping to protect the water quality of estuaries of
national importance. NEMO is a project of the University of Connecticut Cooperative Extension System,
in cooperation with the Connecticut Sea Grant College Program and the University's Department of
Natural Resources Management and Engineering. The project has a number of publications available,
and a 12-minute videotape on nonpoint source pollution suitable for the general public. For further
information, contact Chester Arnold at (203) 789-7865; fax (203) 789-6461.

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NEMO'S Goal

To develop a process for educating professional and volunteer municipal officials about the impacts of
land use on water quality and about the options available for managing those impacts.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Shorewatch - Coastal Issues In Your
Living Room

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

Local cable access television stations across Massachusetts are now broadcasting a series of programs on
coastal issues thanks to a joint project of the Massachusetts Coastal Zone Management (MCZM) office
and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution ( WHOI) Sea Grant Program.

In only 18 months, Shorewatch: A Forum for Coastal Issues and Outreach, has grown to a potential
audience of more than one million people in 70 communities across eastern Massachusetts, according to
Tracey Crago of the WHOI Sea Grant Program. Also, the manager of a local access station in Santa
Barbara, California, learned of the series and has begun showing it in that area.

, .	Coastal Scene

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Photo Courtesy Bruce Morgan

More than 60 videotapes have been obtained from local videographers and from groups across the
country. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service production "Plight of the Plover" deals with the conflict of
wildlife habitat and recreational use. Alaska Sea Grant teamed up with the U.S. Coast Guard to produce a
three part educational series on fisheries safety and survival, while the U.S. EPA funded a local
production called "Turning the Tide: Keeping Pollution at Bay" that describes pollution sources and
impacts to water quality in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, and highlights the successes of local and
regional initiatives that are working towards improvement.

Identifying sources of videotapes and then obtaining them either at no cost or at an affordable cost has
been a time intensive effort, according to Crago and project partner Pam Rubinoff of MCZM. Sometimes
it has been necessary to obtain the rights to show a videotape that has licensing arrangements handled by
a large organization such as Turner Broadcasting System, Inc., which can be a very involved process.
Many of the videotapes included in the Shorewatch series have been obtained from EPA, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), parent to both Sea
Grant and MCZM.

"Reaching people who are watching television in the comfort of their own homes is a great way to get the
information out there," said Rubinoff. "A lot of the videos are management oriented, and a lot of the
viewers are local officials and involved citizens, so we're reaching an important audience in this way."
Another way of reaching local citizens with the videotapes has been to make them available to schools,
local town boards, and other interested groups.

One goal of the program is to produce more local shows. A cable station on Cape Cod has provided
considerable amounts of advice, time, and assistance, and a few productions have been completed in their
studio using a talk show format. Interviews have been conducted with people involved in coastal issues,
including U.S. Representative Gerry Studds, Chairman of the House Committee on Merchant Marine and
Fisheries, and John Bullard, Director of NOAA's Office of Sustainable Development and
Intergovernmental Affairs.

Doing more local productions in the studio will benefit the series by allowing current local issues to be
addressed in conjunction with the videotapes, and satellite time (which is being pursued) will help by
cutting down significantly on dubbing and mailing costs, but the most important long-term challenge of
the series is to continue acquiring new videotapes at reasonable cost. To meet this need, both Crago and
Rubinoff are constantly in search of new or previously untapped productions dealing with coastal and
environmental issues.

"All of the program managers at the community cable stations have been extremely cooperative,
supportive, and flexible," said Crago. "A key to the success of the series is that so many producers and
environmental organizations throughout the country have graciously donated their productions at no
charge and without restrictions - often multiple copies. The generosity and willingness of groups and

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individuals to cooperate for the sake of educating and informing the public about various coastal and
marine issues continues to amaze us."

For more information on Shorewatch, or if you know of any videotapes that may be suitable for the
series, contact Tracey Crago at the WHOI Sea Grant Program, (508) 457-2000, ext. 2665.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Pollution in Portland Harbor - 1800s Style

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

What do the 1876 Bird's Eye Map of Portland, Maine, and a current analysis of pollutants in Portland
Harbor have to do with each other? Potentially everything.

An unusual study conducted for the Casco Bay Estuary Project provides comprehensive data on historic
sources of pollution that may help explain the types and quantities of pollutants found in a recent
sediment study of Casco Bay.

"Many people point fingers at visible, point sources of pollution in Portland, such as oil terminals," said
Lee Doggett, Technical Advisor to the Casco Bay Estuary Project. "This study of historic sources of
pollution helps people see the bigger picture, which includes the consideration that pollution in the
harbor may be due to uses along the shore as many as 50 or 100 years ago."

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A sardine cannery in Portland Harbor in the late 1800s. Lead has been identified as the

primary contaminant.

Photo Courtesy Casco Bay Estuary Project

Another reason for doing the study was to obtain more information on parcels of land along and near the
harbor that are presently vacant. For instance, one large waterfront parcel is known to be highly
contaminated with coal tar from an historic use. Development of that site and others like it could lead to
the release of large amounts of toxic materials into the harbor, according to Doggett. With storm water
runoff identified as a major concern by those developing the Comprehensive Conservation and
Management Plan (CCMP) for Casco Bay, it was decided that conducting the historic pollution study
would be a prudent step in evaluating all potential sources of contaminants.

Historian Edward L. Hawes, Ph.D., painstakingly reviewed the 1876 Bird's Eye Map of Portland, as well
as Sanborn insurance maps, old photographs, newspaper stories on microfilm, old business directories,
and maps of sewer systems showing key lines with directions of flow and outfalls, to get a sense of the
documentary evidence of the area.

Equipped with maps and other materials and knowledge, Hawes went into the field to search for
additional evidence. Patterns of industry and commerce were identified, sometimes by using street names
as clues, or the location of railroad yards. All of the data were recorded on topographic maps and then
Geographic Information System maps.

This information can then be used to make a determination of what the likely pollutants are at the sites or
in the nearby watercourses. The information has been given to the Maine Department of Environmental
Protection, Oil and Hazardous Waste Bureau. According to Doggett, the Department has located
underground fuel tanks that were never removed from the sites of abandoned gas stations.

The historic sources inventory may also help explain the origin of some contaminants in the harbor that
have recently been discovered. "In some cases, there is no known existing source for a contaminant. In
other cases, there may be an industry that is meeting its permit requirements but contaminants have been
found in that area. The historic sources study provides us with another possible explanation for those
contaminants," explained Doggett.

For further information on this project, including learning how to do a "dirty history", contact Anne
Payson, Public Outreach Coordinator for the Casco Bay Estuary Project, (207) 828-1043; fax (207) 828-
4001.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

EPA Renews Commitment to the Coastal
America Partnership

On July 12, 1994, Robert Perciasepe, Assistant Administrator for EPA's Office of Water, announced a
renewed and strengthened federal commitment to protect, preserve and restore the Nation's coastal
ecosystems. EPA is one of ten federal agencies that signed an updated Memorandum of Understanding
(MOU) that defines this unique collaborative partnership called Coastal America.

Over the past two years, the Coastal America partnership has provided an excellent opportunity for EPA
to accomplish many of its major objectives during this time of limited resources. Today, there are more
than 90 action-oriented projects underway in 23 States involving over 200 non-Federal organizations.
Working together, the partnership has restored thousands of acres of wetlands; reestablished spawning
streams for anadromous fish; reduced agricultural non-point source pollution; and protected several
endangered species of fish, birds and marine mammals.

The purpose of Coastal America is to:

• Protect, preserve and restore the Nation's coastal ecosystems through existing federal capabilities

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and authorities;

•	Collaborate and cooperate in the stewardship of coastal living resources by working in partnership
with other federal programs and integrating federal actions with state, local, and non-
governmental efforts; and

•	Provide a framework for action by focusing agency expertise and resources and producing
environmental results.

The Coastal America partnership is an effective approach for helping this Administration achieve its goal
of creating a government that works better and costs less.

EPA's objectives in the Coastal America partnership are to:

•	Ensure that senior EPA managers who can commit resources participate in the Coastal America
national and regional teams;

•	Participate in all appropriate activities of the partnership, e.g., technical assistance and
education/outreach efforts;

•	Give high operational and funding priority to projects that meet EPA criteria and have been
endorsed by Coastal America, particularly those that also contribute to the Administration's
Sustainable Development and Ecosystem Management Initiatives; and

•	Seek opportunities for collaborative partnership efforts and identify available funding for
integration under Coastal America.

For more information on Coastal America, please contact Marian Mlay, Director of the Oceans and
Coastal Protection Division, at (202) 260-1953, or Betsy Tam of her staff at (202) 260-6466.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

U.S. EPA Reference Handbook for Local
Officials

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

"We all know that environmental law - and therefore environmental regulation - is growing more and
more complicated. It's even complicated to find out what the rules are. Local officials have pointed out
that the right information has been very difficult to find, and then when they do find it, it's very
confusing." Carol Browner, U.S. EPA Administrator, wrote those words in the Preface to A Guide to
Federal Environmental Requirements for Small Governments, published in September 1993.

The reference handbook is intended to help local officials become familiar with requirements that may
apply to their jurisdictions, and to explain the information in a simple, straightforward way. The guide is
divided into sections on water, waste, toxics, air, voluntary programs, and phone contacts. The use of "if
statements and questions serve to aid the reader in quickly finding the relevant section(s) of the
document.

For instance, "If your government operates or contracts for public landfill and/or hazardous waste

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disposal, see pages 32 to 36." Within each individual topic, there are questions such as "Does the
coliform monitoring rule apply to my community?" The answer to that particular question is yes for
every community public water system, which is then followed by sections on timetables, maximum
contaminant levels, monitoring requirements, and actions the community should be taking.

The term "small governments" is not specifically defined in the document. Instead, it is recognized that
small governments come in many sizes and shapes, from small cities to villages to tiny unincorporated
hamlets. And the levels of environmental services that they provide may differ significantly, from
extensive infrastructure to a very limited range of services. But regardless of the type of community or
level of services, the publication will help the reader understand who is responsible for what regarding
environmental requirements for small governments.

The document, A Guide to Federal Environmental Requirements for Small Governments, can be
purchased for $7.50 from the U.S. Government Printing Office, (202) 783-3238. The document number
is 055-000-00459-5.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

In Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, boaters can now call Marine VI IF Channel 9, and a vessel from Little
River Boatyard will come out to the boater's location and pump out the holding tank for five dollars. Or,
boaters can go to Edwards Boatyard on the Bay where an attendant will quickly empty tanks for the same
five dollar charge.

In nearby Buzzards Bay, one of the goals of the Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan
(CCMP) of the Buzzards Bay Project is to achieve No Discharge Area status from EPA for all
embayments. "The discharge of sewage from boats is a potential risk to human health and to shellfish,"
said Dr. Joseph Costa, Director of the Buzzards Bay Project. "This form of pollution degrades water
quality by introducing microbial pathogens into the environment and by increasing biological oxygen

Vessel Pumpout and Estuary Health

The National Pumpout Symbol

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demand."

Studies conducted in Puget Sound, Long Island Sound, Narragansett Bay, and Chesapeake Bay have
confirmed that boats can be a significant source of fecal coliform bacteria in coastal waters, particularly
in areas with high boat densities and low hydrologic flushing. Swimming beaches and shellfish beds may
be closed if coliform levels exceed designated thresholds. The major pathogens are bacteria and viruses,
and the most commonly reported ailment is acute gastroenteritis.

While Buzzards Bay began working towards its goal several years ago, harbors and bays across the
nation are now benefitting from the Clean Vessel Act Pumpout Grant Program, authorized by the Clean
Vessel Act of 1992. Designed to provide federal money to coastal states for the construction and
maintenance of pumpout station and waste reception facilities for recreational boat holding tanks and
portable toilets, the program is now in the third year of a five-year run. Funded from the Sport Fish
Restoration Account of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, up to $40.2 million will be made available to
states over the five-year period. (During the Fiscal Year 1995 season, $7.5 million was available. The
deadline for FY 1996 applications is May 1, 1995.)

Marina scene

Photo Courtesy Bruce Morgan

Projects selected by the Fish and Wildlife Service for 1994 included surveys and plans in 28 states,
construction of 538 pumpout stations and 127 dump stations in 29 states, and education programs in 31
states.

According to Joel Salter of EPA, public outreach funds are available to produce informational materials
such as signage at marinas, brochures containing information on the availability of facilities, and the
relevant laws pertaining to the handling of vessel waste in a particular area. "NEPs (National Estuary
Programs) are a good vehicle for educating the public on the benefits of this program for all citizens, and
the ease of use for boaters," said Salter. "Implementation of the program will benefit estuaries and the
users of estuaries by improving water quality, which will lead to safer swimming waters and the
reopening of shellfish beds in many areas."

For copies of the rule providing the requirements for participation in the Clean Vessel Act Pumpout
Grant Program, mail a request to the Division of Federal Aid, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S.
Department of the Interior, Room 140, 4401 North Fairfax Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22203.

For further information on the Clean Vessel Act Pumpout Grant Program, contact Joel Salter of EPA,
(202) 260-8484.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Summer Coastlines 1 10/4/94

It's called BIOWNET, and its goal is to link as many barrier island communities together as possible by
computer network. BIOWNET, which stands for Barrier Island Ocean Watch Network, is a project of the
Alliance for a Living Ocean (ALO), a New Jersey ocean conservation organization. Because ALO is
located on a barrier island, it has a particular interest in issues such as ocean conservation, protection of
seashore animal habitats, dune protection, and living on barrier islands in an ecologically responsible

So far, the search to determine interest in joining the BIOWNET has resulted in 55 barrier island
communities in ten states having been contacted, largely due to the assistance of Professor Stephen P.
Leatherman, Director of the University of Maryland's Laboratory for Coastal Research and a barrier
island specialist. The 55 that have been contacted are:

Calling all Barrier Islands

way.

New York - Fire Island Pines; New Jersey - Barnegat Light, Harvey Cedars, Surf City, Ship Bottom,
Beach Haven, Brigantine, Atlantic City, Ventnor, Margate, Longport, Ocean City, Strathmere, Sea Isle
City, Aval on, Stone Llarbor, Wildwood, and Cape May; Maryland/Virginia - Assateague Island; N.

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Carolina - Hatteras and Carolina Beach Island; S. Carolina - Isle of Palms, Edisto and Folly Beaches,
Seabrook, Kiawah, Sullivan's and Hilton Head Islands; Georgia - Tybee, St. Simons, and Jekyll Islands;
Alabama - Dauphin Island; Florida (west coast) - Moreno Point, Sand, Pardee, Anna Maria, Longboat,
Siesta, Casey and Long Keys, St. George, Clearwater Beach, Treasure, Honeymoon, Captiva, Sanibel,
Estero, Bonita Beach, and Marco Islands; Texas - Port Aransas, Galveston, Follets, Mustang, North and
South Padre Islands.

If you know of any other barrier island communities that would be interested in being included, please
contact the ALO by e-mail through the Colorado Center for Environmental Management Bulletin Board
by dialing (800) 677-4184. Announcements have also been placed on the EcoNet system.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

From Christmas Trees to Marshland

Oct-Nov Coastlines 1 10/4/94

The June-July 1993 issue of Coastlines reported on a project in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, where
130,000 donated Christinas trees were being used to construct marshland in abandoned water canals.
According to Marnie Winter, Director of the Jefferson Parish Environmental and Development Control
Department, all signs indicate that the goals of the project will be met and even exceeded. Her status
report follows.

Our preeminent goal, creation of floating marsh in abandoned oil field canals, is becoming evident in two
test canals as compared with an adjacent canal that is being used as a control. The two test canals
received fertilizer in 1993, while in 1994 only one canal is being fertilized on a regular basis. Water
quality is being monitored by regular sampling for salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, phosphate, nitrate, and
alkalinity.

In the spring of 1994, during our botanical survey, it was noted that emergent marsh had begun to form
along the banklines of all cells in one of the canals (each canal is divided into four cells by brush fences),
and in the middle of one cell in the same canal. It was expected that marsh would form at the banklines

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first because that is the shallowest point, but the Christmas trees placed in the middle of the canal have
already formed a base that allows for floating marsh attachment.

All cells of the other test canal have prolific growth of alligator weed and water hyacinths, yet also have
the greatest amount of vegetative diversity. Duck potato, bull tongue, milfoils, and duckweed are
common within each cell, and wild rice and cattails are common at the shoreline. Snakes, alligators,
birds, frogs, ducks, and many insects are also inhabiting the newly formed marsh.

The key to success is the matrix of brush that forms the cells and provides nature its first link in the
floating marsh process - a passive anchorage. This anchorage restrains the vegetation and prevents
breakup of the mat. Large birds, including egrets and cranes, are readily supported on the newly formed
mat. We feel confident that, barring a major hurricane, this project will exceed expectations by its
conclusion in the spring of 1995.

For further information, contact Marnie Winter, Director, Jefferson Parish Environmental and
Development Control Department, (504) 838-4230.

For more information on the Barataria-Terrebonne NEP, click here

Note: Photo of ducks nesting in Christmas trees to go with article.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Remote Sensing in Estuarine Education

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

Nonpoint source pollution and trends in agriculture are being studied in a lofty way in Ohio's Old
Woman Creek watershed on Lake Erie. Aerial photographs are serving as a basic source of information
for scientists, and as a platform for public outreach and education for those people involved in several
types of work at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve.

"When we show both old and recent photos to farmers, it provides us with a forum to discuss land use
changes that have occurred on the farm," said Linda Feix, Education Coordinator at Old Woman Creek.
"Once we have interested a landowner in the photos, it's easy to begin discussions about water quality
and best management practices."

Photos also graphically convey the concept of a watershed, according to Feix. "It is often easier for
people to grasp the concept of a watershed when they are looking at aerial photographs, as opposed to
maps and standard explanations of what a watershed is."

The photos are also being used by scientists and planners to identify potential sources of pollution, such

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as landfills, open construction areas, pipelines, storage tanks, and dump sites. Careful scrutiny of
stereoscopic sets of aerial photos, land use and land cover maps, classification coding systems for land
use and land cover identification, and base maps of a study site allows for a very detailed and accurate
inventory and analysis of an area.

Comparing photos from two time periods allows for additional analysis. "The photos are a tool for us to
monitor changes and activities in the environment over time by determining the amount and types of
change from one decade to another," said Feix. "That quantification of the information allows us to
possibly anticipate hot spots of pollution in the watershed."

Finally, at a time when it seems that almost everyone is using a Geographic Information System(GIS), it
is important to recognize that not everyone has GIS, according to Feix. "Not everybody has access to
GIS, but aerial photos are available to just about everybody," said Feix. "And if you learn how to read all
of the information that they contain, the photos provide a wealth of valuable data."

For further information, contact Linda Feix at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research
Reserve, (419) 433-4601.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

EPA estimates that combined sewer overflows (CSOs), which occur when older sewer systems discharge
raw sewage and storm water directly into watercourses during major storm events, annually discharge
1,200 billion gallons into streams, lakes, and estuaries across the country. CSOs have been linked to
beach and shellfish bed closures, human health problems, fish kills, and high drinking water treatment
costs.

On April 11, 1994, EPA announced a new national policy to control CSOs, giving communities the
flexibility necessary to find affordable solutions to the problem. The policy, negotiated with
municipalities, environmental groups, and states, is expected to prompt communities to commit to long-
term strategies that will reduce raw discharges from CSOs by at least 85 percent.

New Policy on Combined Sewer
Overflows

Under the policy, states are encouraged to coordinate the CSO planning process with the review and
revision of state water quality standards. Also, municipalities would use a targeted approach, giving

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highest priority to environmentally sensitive receiving waters. The policy instructs municipalities to work
with EPA, states, and water quality groups to develop long-term CSO control plans, evaluate control
options, and select a workable approach. Finally, the policy notes that the financial capability of a
municipality may be considered in the development of a CSO control implementation schedule.

About 1,100 communities, mostly in the northeast and Great Lakes area, will be affected by the new
policy. According to EPA, the policy will be incorporated into National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permits or "other appropriate enforcement mechanisms."

"This policy is one of the Administration's Clean Water Act reauthorization initiatives," said EPA
Administrator Carol Browner. "A new Clean Water Act containing a policy like this will strengthen
environmental protection, [and] improve state and local flexibility." To obtain a copy of "The Combined
Sewer Overflow Control Policy," Federal Register Notice 59 FR 18688 (EPA 830-Z-94-001), contact
NCEPI, 11029 Kenwood Rd., Bldg. 5, Cincinnati, OH 45242; fax (513) 891-6685.

For more information on CSOs, contact Jeff Lape, EPA Office of Wastewater Enforcement and
Compliance, (202) 260-7361.

Sidebar:

Key Components of the Policy

Under the policy, municipalities would immediately implement nine minimum controls:

• Proper operation and regular maintenance programs for the sewer system and CSOs.

• Maximum use of the collection system for storage.

• Review and modification of pretreatment requirements to assure CSO impacts are minimized.

• Maximization of flow to the municipal sewage treatment plant for treatment.

• Prohibition of CSOs during dry weather.

• Control of solid and floatable materials in CSOs.

• Pollution prevention.

• Public notice to ensure that the public receives adequate notification of CSO occurrences and
impacts.

• Monitoring to effectively characterize CSO impacts and the efficacy of CSO controls.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Improving Stewardship on Private Lands

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

The future of wetlands is closely linked to land use decisions made by the stewards of the resource, and
more than 75 percent of the remaining wetlands in the U.S. are on private lands. Working with state,
county, and local governments, as well as private groups, EPA is developing a program to encourage
wetlands stewardship on private lands.

More than 54 percent (about 117 million acres) of the nation's original wetlands no longer exist, and,
according to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service figures, about 290,000 acres are being lost each year due to
human (e.g., agriculture and dredge and fill) and natural (e.g., Louisiana subsidence) causes. Due to the
vital ecological and socioeconomic benefits and functions now known to be associated with wetlands, an
effective national stewardship strategy is needed.

The August 1993 Clinton Administration Wetlands Plan strongly encourages cooperative efforts with
private landowners to reduce reliance on regulatory programs as the primary means to protect wetlands
resources, and to accomplish long-term wetlands gains. Collaborative efforts can help landowners to
conserve wetlands resources while meeting their personal management and financial objectives.

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As the result of a pilot project in 1992, the "Private Landowner's Wetlands Assistance Guide: Voluntary
Options for Wetlands Stewardship in Maryland," was written as a cooperative venture by EPA, Maryland
Cooperative Extension Service, and over a dozen other agencies and private organizations. The Guide is
a comprehensive document of federal, state, and private nonprofit programs offering technical and/or
financial assistance to private wetland owners within the state of Maryland.

State and county governments from around the country have expressed enthusiasm for, and interest in,
the project. Several states have obtained the Guide on diskette as a template for developing their own
guides. The California Coastal Conservancy has already developed a draft of their own Wetlands
Assistance Guide, and has been conducting workshops for landowners through the central valley.

"The Guide developed in Maryland has served as a good template for California," said Jane Freeman,
Environmental Protection Specialist for EPA in California. "We have revised it to reflect the way things
work here, and added a few case studies to make it more tangible to the landowners that we are trying to
reach."

The National Wetlands Conservation Alliance, consisting of government and private nonprofit groups,
has formed to promote wetlands conservation and restoration and to assist EPA in developing a national
strategy. "Our purpose is to promote a non-regulatory approach to wetlands protection, restoration, and
conservation," said Gene Whitaker of the Alliance.

Efforts at the Alliance are geared to people who work directly with landowners. "In order to be truly
effective, we need to reach the landowners of wetlands, and they trust those who work most closely with
them," said Whitaker. The Alliance has established programs in Oregon, Arkansas, and Ohio, and has
entered discussions with four other states.

The goal of the program is to ensure that government programs serve the interests of all those who view
natural resource stewardship as an integral component of their management objectives.

For more information on wetlands private land projects, contact Marjorie Wesley of EPA in Portland,
Oregon, at (503) 326-3250, or Gene Whitaker of the National Wetlands Conservation Alliance in
Washington, D.C., at (202) 547-6223. For copies of the Guide, contact the Wetlands Protection Hotline,
(800) 832-7828.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Oct-Nov Coastlines 1 10/4/94

Beginning with this issue, Coastlines can be accessed on the Internet. For those people with the
capability to receive information on the Internet, access to the EPA World Wide Web server is available
through the following Universal Resource Locator: http://www.epa.gov. On the EPA home page, click
on the NEP logo to get to Coastlines.

Coastlines on Internet

-------
Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94
Tillamook Bay Looking for GIS info

The Tillamook Bay National Estuary Project (TBNEP) is seeking information about the development of
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) that integrate estuarine and watershed data. The Project is
particularly interested in: 1) data management and QA/QC protocols relative to collection of data for use
in the GIS and data transfers to the GIS; 2) experiences creating stream reach data layers linked to
fisheries and aquatic habitat data; and 3) experience with public access to GIS through "hands-on"
computer demos or satellite stations.

TBNEP is also seeking information on the development of bay circulation models. The Project needs
examples of performance criteria for models and "accessible" models that communicate relatively
complex processes to the public visually; also, information about technical problems likely to be
encountered during modelling would be helpful. Finally, the Project is looking for technical experts who
would be willing to review contract proposals.

Information Exchange

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If you have any information for the TBNEP, please contact Marilyn Sigman, Director, TBNEP, 4000
Blimp Blvd., Tillamook, OR 97141, (503) 842-9922; fax (503) 842-3680; email:
MSIGMAN@til3.oes.orst.edu.

Delaware Inland Bays requests info on regulations and laws on phosphorus limits

The Delaware Inland Bays Estuary Program Citizens Advisory Committee is considering the
introduction of a bill to limit the phosphorus content in detergents and other cleaning agents. Committee
members would appreciate learning of existing laws and regulations in other states, or efforts currently
underway to limit the phosphorus content of cleaning agents and thereby ultimately reduce phosphorus
loadings to estuaries. Any background information regarding the basis for phosphorus limits, cost-
effective alternatives to detergents that contain phosphorus, and results of cost/benefit analyses would be
extremely helpful.

Please send information to John Schneider, Program Manager, Inland Bays Estuary Program, c/o
DNREC, 89 Kings Highway, P.O. Box 1401, Dover, DE 19903, (302) 739-4590, fax (302) 739-6140.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Publications

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94

Clean Water in Your Watershed: A Citizens Guide to Watershed Protection. ($19.95, 90 pp., 1994). By
Susan Alexander for the Terrene Institute, developed in cooperation with EPA Region 6. Written as a
stimulus and tool for citizens involved in watershed protection, it focuses on easy and affordable citizens
activities that can help local, state, and federal agencies design and complete a watershed protection or
restoration project tailored to specific communities. The guide shows how to identify problems that
threaten or degrade the watershed, gives people the vocabulary and direction needed to articulate possible
solutions, and serves as a locator or map of agencies to contact for funds and technical assistance.
Available from the Terrene Institute, 1717 K Street, NW, Suite 801, Washington, DC 20006-1504; (202)
833-8317; fax (202) 296-4071.

Distribution and Abundance of Fishes and Invertebrates in Mid-Atlantic Estuaries. (280 pp., March
1994). Distribution and Abundance of Fishes and Invertebrates in North Atlantic Estuaries. (May 1994).
By the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Estuarine Living Marine Resources Program.
The main purpose of these publications is to develop a framework that integrates information on marine
and estuarine species and their associated habitats into a comprehensive and consistent structure. Three

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salinity zones, as defined in NOAA's National Estuarine Inventory, provide the spatial framework for
organizing information on species distribution and abundance within each estuary. A data sheet is
developed for each species in each estuary, including information on spatial distribution by salinity zone,
temporal distribution by life history stage, and relative abundance level. Available free of charge from
David M. Nelson, Marine Resource Specialist at NOAA, (301) 713-1000 x 182; fax (301) 713-4384; or,
Steven H. Jury, Marine Resource Specialist at NOAA, (301) 713-3000 x 185.

Global Marine Biological Diversity: A Strategy for Building Conservation into Decision Making. ($50
hardcover, $27.50 paperback, 350 pp., October 1993). This volume focuses on threats to life in the sea
and ways to save, study, and use that life sustainably. The work of more that 100 expert contributors,
from marine biologists and oceanographers to economists and government officials, this book presents
the most up-to-date information and views on the challenge of conserving the living sea and how that
challenge can be met. Developed by the Center for Marine Conservation and available from Island Press,
Box 7, Covelo, CA 95428; 1 (800) 828-1302; fax (707) 983-6432.

Making Development Sustainable. ($45 hardcover, $22 paperback, 380 pp., 1992). Edited by Johan
Holmberg. This book presents an integrated series of essays on the policies for sustainable development
from the International Institute for Environment and Development. Available from Island Press, Box 7,
Covelo, CA 95428; 1 (800) 828-1302; fax (707) 983-6432.

Beyond the Estuary: The Importance of Upstream Wetlands in Estuary Processes. (8 pp., June 1990). An
EPA publication that identifies the types of wetlands that are located above estuaries, and briefly outlines
the functions those areas perform. Also describes the relationships between these upstream wetland
functions and estuarine processes, and the activities threatening the upstream wetlands and mechanisms
for their protection. Available free of charge from the EPA Wetlands Protection Hotline, 1 (800) 832-
7828.

Natural Wetlands and Urban Stormwater: Potential Impacts and Management. (76 pp., Feb. 1993). An
EPA publication that describes issues related to the impacts of uncontrolled stormwater and urban runoff
on natural wetlands. The document also explores various recommended options for managing these
systems. Available free of charge from the EPA Wetlands Protection Hotline, 1 (800) 832-7828.

Aquatic Toxicology. ($60, 512 pp., February 1994). Edited by Donald C. Malins and Gary K. Ostrander.
Examines findings from recent research on the chronic effects of pollutants on aquatic species. Features
research from renowned experts in the field. Targeted to aquatic toxicologists, aquatic biologists, fisheries
scientists, industrial chemists, and researchers at federal, state, and university levels. Available from CRC
Press, 1 (800) 272-7737; fax 1 (800) 374-3401.

Implementing a Stormwater Management Program. ($59.95, 192 pp., January 1994). By David S.

Pyzoha. Presents a four-step, common sense approach that describes how to create and implement a
successful stormwater management program. Includes problem identification, program conception and
creation, and final implementation using the fundamental elements of policy creation, institutional
planning, technical planning, financial planning, and public involvement and awareness. Available from

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CRC Press, 1 (800) 272-7737; fax 1 (800) 374-3401.

Pathobiology of Marine and Estuarine Organisms. ($84.95, 576 pp., 1993). Edited by John A. Couch and
John W. Fournie. This comprehensive review of aquatic animal pathobiology covers infectious and non-
infectious diseases of vertebrates such as marine mammals and fishes, in addition to diseases of
invertebrates such as Crustacea, mollusks, and lower phyla. The book emphasizes pollution-associated
diseases and includes a review on the effects of pollution on marine mammals. Available from CRC
Press, 1 (800) 272-7737; fax 1 (800) 374-3401.

Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems. ($39.95, 567 pp., 1992). By the National Research Council. Outlines
a national strategy for aquatic restoration, with practical recommendations covering both the desired
scope and scale of projects and needed government action. Case studies of aquatic restoration activities
throughout the country are featured. Available from Island Press, Box 7, Covelo, CA 95428; 1 (800) 828-
1302; fax (707) 983-6432.

The Clean Water Act Twenty Years Later. ($55 hardcover, $29.95 paperback, 350 pp., October 1993). By
Robert W. Adler, Jessica C. Landman, and Diane M. Cameron of the Natural Resources Defense Council.
Explores the issues associated with the complex subject of water quality protection in this assessment of
the successes and failures of the Clean Water Act over the past twenty years. In addition to examining
traditional indicators of water quality, the authors also consider how health concerns of the public have
been addressed, and present a detailed examination of the ecological health of our waters. Available from
Island Press, Box 7, Covelo, CA 95428; 1 (800) 828-1302; fax (707) 983-6432.

Wetlands and Coastal Zone Regulation and Compliance. ($125, 208 pp., 1993). By Stephen M.

Silverberg and Mark S. Dennison. This book reviews federal and state coastal zone regulations and fresh
and tidal wetlands laws within the context of other environmental and administrative mandates and
procedures. It outlines successful strategies for obtaining permits, taking into account the complicated
interplay of federal and state regulations. Available from Island Press, Box 7, Covelo, CA 95428; 1 (800)
828-1302; fax (707) 983-6432.

Fundraising, Hands-On Tactics for Nonprofit Groups. ($32.95 hardcover, $16.95 paperback, 336 pp.,
1993). By L. Peter Edles. This hands-on operation manual shows nonprofit professionals and volunteers
how to design and run successful fund raising campaigns for their organizations. It shares insider tips for
training solicitors, cultivating donors, and organizing gift drives that capture the emotions and
imaginations of potential supporters. Available from Island Press, Box 7, Covelo, CA 95428; 1 (800) 828-
1302; fax (707) 983-6432.

Protecting Coastal and Wetlands Resources: A Guide for Local Governments. (187 pp., April 1992). A
hands-on guide designed to help elected officials and concerned citizens from coastal communities learn
about a variety of approaches for managing their coastal and wetlands resources. The guide contains a
comprehensive review of resource management and planning tools as well as 19 case studies. Available
free of charge from NCEPI, 11029 Kenwood Road, Building 5, Cincinnati, OH 45242. Ask for document
EPA842-R-92-002.

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Agriculture and the Environment. (4 fact sheets, August 1993). A folder containing fact sheets that
address watershed management and nonpoint source pollution in agricultural areas. Available free of
charge from NCEPI, 11029 Kenwood Road, Building 5, Cincinnati, OH 45242. Ask for document
EPA842-R-92-002.

Xeriscape Landscaping: Preventing Pollution and Using Resources Wisely. (April 1993). Describes
landscaping and gardening methods that promote pollution prevention, water conservation, and
sustainable resources, including public/private partnerships to promote resource efficient landscaping.
Available free of charge from NCEPI, 11029 Kenwood Road, Building 5, Cincinnati, OH 45242. Ask for
document EPA842-R-92-002.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94
October 16-20

Water Environment Federation's 67th Annual Conference and Exposition. Chicago, Illinois.

Topic of the conference is surface water quality and ecology. Sessions include "Coastal Water
Quality Issues," "Environmental Monitoring and Assessment," "Sediment Quality Criteria Issues,"
and "Watershed Management in the Great Lakes." Contact Maureen Novotne, Water Environment
Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994; (703) 684-2400.

October 25-26

Management and Protection of Estuaries, Wetlands, and Coastal Waters: Tools for Local
Governments. Narragansett, Rhode Island. Sponsored by EPA's Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and
Watersheds, Oceans and Coastal Protection Division. The workshop is directed to officials of
local government and high-level staff of planning, public works, and environmental affairs
departments who will explore numerous comprehensive planning tools that can be used to achieve
a balance of economic prosperity and coastal and wetland resource protection.Contact Macara
Lousberg, U.S. EPA OWOW, (202) 260-9109; fax (202) 260-9960.

Calendar

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October 29-November 2

The 7th National Conference of Land Trusts. Chattanooga, Tennessee. The Land Trust Alliance's
National Rally '94 is the largest land conservation conference in the country and the only national
conference for and about land trusts. The audience includes land trust practitioners, lawyers,
appraisers, planners, consultants, landowners, and government agency personnel at the local,
state, and federal levels. Topics include creative financing, fund raising, outreach, nonprofit
management, stewardship, legal issues, and land use. For more information, contact the Land
Trust Alliance, (202) 638-4725; fax (202) 638-4730.

October 31-November 3

1994 International Hazardous Material Spills Conference. The Hyatt Regency Hotel and
Convention Center, Buffalo, New York. The conference theme is "partnerships for hazardous
materials safety" and will provide an opportunity for communities, state and local governments,
industry, and international guests to learn more about how to prevent, prepare for, and respond to
hazardous materials accidents. To receive registration materials, contact Ms. Angela Moody at
(703) 442-9824. For questions regarding the conference, contact Ms. Sarah Bauer, (202) 260-
8247.

November 6-10

American Water Resources Association 30th Annual Conference and Symposia - "National
Symposium on Water Quality," "Symposium on National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA),"
and "Symposium on the Future Quality of the Great Lakes". The Fairmont Hotel at Illinois Center,
Chicago, Illinois. The conference will provide a multi-disciplinary technical look at many new
techniques for hydrologic investigation and water resources management. A forum will be
provided for exchange of information and ideas from international as well as national scientists
and engineers. There will be 17 technical sessions, with approximately 150 papers expected.
Registration: AWRA, (301) 493-8600; fax (301) 493-5844.

November 17-18

Management and Protection of Estuaries, Wetlands, and Coastal Waters: Tools for Local
Governments. Monterey, California. Sponsored by EPA's Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and
Watersheds, Oceans and Coastal Protection Division. The workshop is directed to officials of
local government and high-level staff of planning, public works, and environmental affairs
departments who will explore numerous comprehensive planning tools that can be used to achieve
a balance of economic prosperity and coastal and wetland resource protection.Contact Macara
Lousberg, U.S. EPA OWOW, (202) 260-9109; fax (202) 260-9960.

December 11-13

Seventh International Symposium on Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems. Atlanta,
Georgia. The purpose of the symposium is to provide an opportunity for anyone with significant
or important information on individual or small community sewage treatment to share their
research and discuss critical issues with colleagues. Sponsored by the American Society of

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Agricultural Engineers in cooperation with several organizations, including the National Small
Flows Clearinghouse. Topics include: constructed wetlands, fate of contaminants, design and
evaluation of innovative and alternative systems, and multi-state approaches to standards for on-
site sewage treatment. Contact Michael Hoover, Ph.D., Department of Soil Science, Box 7619,
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27620; (919) 515-3285; fax (919) 515-2167.

April 3-7,1995

Technology Advances for Wetlands Science. Clarion Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana. This national
interagency workshop on wetlands is sponsored by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as part of
the Wetlands Research Program. The theme emphasizes how research impacts wetlands
technology and management strategies and how wetlands will be perceived by the public and
wetlands professionals in the future. Additional information is available from the U.S. Army
Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, (601) 634-2569; fax (601) 634-3664.

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Center for the Inland Bays

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94
Coast to Coast

The State of Delaware recently adopted the Inland Bays Watershed Enhancement Act, a long-term
approach to planning designed to preserve and protect some of Delaware's most valuable natural
resources. The Act establishes a non-profit "Center for the Inland Bays" to oversee the implementation of
the Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan developed by the Delaware Inland Bays
National Estuary Program.

The Inland Bays Estuary Program Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee (STAC) and the
Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC) will serve as formal advisory bodies to the seven-member Board of
Directors. EPA and other federal agencies may serve as non-voting, Ex-Officio members. An Executive
Director will prepare work plans and budgets, develop and carry out agreements of the Center, and
oversee administration, among other responsibilities.

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The Center will serve as a focal point through which all state agencies, Sussex County, and local
governments will coordinate efforts to protect and improve the Bays. The Center will be able to receive
and distribute grants and other funding to support wise use and enhancement efforts including:

•	Educating users of the Bays to encourage stewardship;

•	Encouraging and supporting voluntary actions such as the use of Best Management Practices by
farmers and developers; and

•	Encouraging restoration and land acquisition efforts.

For further information on the Center, contact Mike Mahaffie, (302) 739-4506.

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Information Afctrnt £<
—-—

iiml Hmt Coastal Wat en

Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

Tillamook Bay NEP is Underway

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94
Coast to Coast

Tillamook Bay NEP logo

On May 28, 1994, a stalwart group of Tillamook Bay National Estuary Project (TBNEP) supporters
braved a rainy Memorial Day weekend to cut the official "kick-off cake along the shores of the Bay in
northwest Oregon. Project staff disseminated information at a booth in the midst of traditional Bay
activities, including the annual blessing of the fishing fleet and a salmon derby that raises funds for
salmon restoration projects.

On July 1, the final EPA Region 10 signature was obtained for a Conference Agreement signed by both
the Governor of Oregon and the Board of Commissioners of Tillamook County.

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During Year 1 of the Project (approval of the workplan and grant occurred in mid-August), the focus will
be on the three priority problems identified to date in a series of issue forums. Expert presentations on
issues of salmonid population declines and habitat degradation, pathogen contamination/biochemical
water quality, and sedimentation and erosion will be made at public meetings to be held in October and
December, 1994, and February, 1995.

For further information on the TBNEP, contact Marilyn Sigman, Director, (503) 842-9922; fax (503) 842-
3680.

Logo to accompany article

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Sep-Oct Coastlines 1 10/4/94
Coast to Coast

The State of Florida has added another specialty license plate to its repertoire, and the Indian River
Lagoon will be the beneficiary. The snook, a highly prized inshore game fish, will adorn license plates
beginning this fall based on passage of the proposal by the Florida legislature on May 12. "I am very
excited about what the passage of this bill will mean to the Indian River Lagoon," said state senator
Patricia A. Grogan. "We have taken a giant step toward preserving one of east central Florida's greatest
resources."

Eighty percent of the proceeds from license plate sales will go toward restoration projects on the lagoon,
while twenty percent will go toward education eforts to increase public awareness. According to Marty
Smithson, program manager for the Lagoon's Surface Water Improvement and Management program, the
first priority for the proceeds will be to construct retention ponds and sediment traps along U.S. Highway
1 to prevent stonnwater runoff into the lagoon.

Welcome the Snook

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Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only.
Although the information provided here was accurate and current
when first created, it is now outdated.

Disclaimer: The information in this website is entirely drawn from issues of newsletters published
between 1994 and 2002 and these issues will not been updated since the original publication date. Users
are cautioned that information reported at the time of original publication may have become outdated.

About Coastlines

Coastlines is a publication of the Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay, Inc. It is produced in cooperation
with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds, under
grant #CX-816-857-913. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies
of EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsements or
recommendations of use.

The Executive Director of the Alliance is Frances H. Flanigan. To make address changes, additions or
comments, please write to the Alliance at 6600 York Road, Baltimore, MD 21212.

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IL ——i—4f





1870

1950

1982

1988

1990

Sources: * R.R. Lewis III1 R.R. Lewis III, K.D. Hadoad, J.D.R. Johansson.
Basic 2 * San thwast Florida Water Managemant Dtelrict, Surface Water
Improvameot and Management IBWIMI Departmeril

'Estimate, Based on Bathymetry

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IVRRENUUK

?uture%INiperv.

- I	

PROJECTED IMPERVIOUSNESS BASED
ON CURRENT ZONING

>1 1

PCnjCEMTlKPDRVIOUi

¦



J

15 TO 33,SS

¦

0 TO iHt.DT,;

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Tillamook

mm

§



m





. > v r + -+ •-!¦

I

;> - ++*% »> >:y

ym 'i_f

	 WniiimmiinwiiiiMiip.

mmM mmmm a mammm i tmm

National	Estua

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