U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Hazard Characterization Document
December 2012
SCREENING-LEVEL HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION
TEST RULE CHEMICAL NAME
Dodecane, 1-chloro-
CASRN 112-52-7
The High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program1 was conceived as a voluntary initiative
aimed at developing and making publicly available screening-level health and environmental
effects information on chemicals manufactured in or imported into the United States in quantities
greater than one million pounds per year. In the Challenge Program, producers and importers of
HPV chemicals voluntarily sponsored chemicals; sponsorship entailed the identification and
initial assessment of the adequacy of existing toxicity data/information, conducting new testing if
adequate data did not exist, and making both new and existing data and information available to
the public. Each complete data submission contains data on 18 internationally agreed to "SIDS"
1 2
(Screening Information Data Set' ) endpoints that are screening-level indicators of potential
hazards (toxicity) for humans or the environment.
In the HPV Challenge Program, companies have sponsored more than 2200 HPV chemicals,
with approximately 1400 chemicals sponsored directly through the HPV Challenge Program and
over 860 chemicals sponsored indirectly through international efforts. Other chemicals,
"3
however, remain unsponsored in the voluntary program. Basic hazard data for unsponsored
chemicals are being obtained through regulatory efforts such as TSCA Section 4 Test Rules and
TSCA Section 8(a)/8(d) Rules. EPA is also initiating actions, such as significant new use rules
(SNUR), to manage risks from HPV unsponsored chemicals.
The Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) is
evaluating the data available for HPV chemicals by developing hazard characterizations (HCs).
These HCs consist of an evaluation of the quality and completeness of the data set available.
They are not intended to be definitive statements regarding the possibility of unreasonable risk of
injury to health or the environment.
2 4
The evaluation is performed according to established EPA guidance ' and is based on hazard
data provided by submitters in response to EPA's regulatory actions, as well as other available
data; however, in preparing the hazard characterization, EPA considered its own comments and
public comments on available data as well as the submitter's responses to comments.
OPPT does not develop HCs for those HPV chemicals which have already been assessed
internationally through the HPV program of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD) and for which Screening Initial Data Set (SIDS) Initial Assessment
Reports (SIAR) and SIDS Initial Assessment Profiles (SIAP) are available. These documents are
1	U.S. EPA.	High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program; http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/index.htm.
2	U.S. EPA.	HPV Challenge Program - Information Sources; http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/pubs/general/guidocs.htm.
3	U.S. EPA.	Regulatory Actions for Unsponsored Chemicals: http://www.epa.gov/hpv/pubs/general/regactions.htm.
4	U.S. EPA.	Risk Assessment Guidelines; http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/raf/rafguid.cfm.
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presented in an international forum that involves review and endorsement by governmental
authorities around the world. OPPT is an active participant in these meetings and accepts these
documents as reliable screening-level hazard assessments.
These hazard characterizations are technical documents intended to inform subsequent decisions
and actions by OPPT. Accordingly, the documents are not written with the goal of informing the
general public. However, they do provide a vehicle for public access to a concise assessment of
the raw technical data on HPV chemicals and provide information previously not readily
available to the public.
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Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number
(CASRN)
112-52-7
Chemical Abstract Index Name
Dodecane, 1-chloro-
Structural Formula
See Appendix
Summary
Dodecane, 1-chloro- is a clear, colorless liquid with moderate vapor pressure and low water
solubility. It is expected to have low mobility in soil. It was readily biodegradable using a
standard OECD test method; therefore, it is not expected to be persistent in the environment.
Volatilization is expected to be high given the estimated Henry's Law constant of this
substance. Hydrolysis is expected to be negligible. The rate of atmospheric photooxidation is
moderate. Dodecane, 1-chloro- is expected to have low persistence (PI) and high
bioaccumulation potential (B3).
Human Health Hazard

The acute oral toxicity of CASRN 112-52-7 is low in rats. In a combined repeated-
dose/reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test in rats, administration of CASRN 112-
52-7 via gavage resulted in liver effects in males at 100 mg/kg-bw/day and adrenal and thymus
effects in females at 300 mg/kg-bw/day. The NOAEL for systemic toxicity is not established in
males and 100 mg/kg-bw/day in females. In the same study, developmental effects including
reductions in pup survival, pup body weight and pup body weight gain were observed at 1000
mg/kg-bw/day. The NOAEL for developmental toxicity is 300 mg/kg-bw/day. No reproductive
effects were observed in this study. The NOAEL for reproductive toxicity is 1000 mg/kg-
bw/day (highest dose tested). CASRN 112-52-7 was not mutagenic in bacteria in vitro but
induced chromosomal aberrations in mammalian cells in vitro.
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Hazard to the Environment
The 96-hour EC50 values of CASRN 112-52-7 for aquatic plants were 0.036 mg a.i./L for
biomass and > 0.034 mg a.i./L for growth and cell density. The 21-day MATC value of
CASRN 112-52-7 for growth of aquatic invertebrates was 0.011 mg a.i./L. The 21-day EC50
value of CASRN 112-52-7 for aquatic invertebrates was > 0.017 mg a.i./L for
mortality/immobility and reproduction.
No data gaps were identified under the HPV Program.	
Introduction
Dodecane, 1-chloro- (CASRN 112-52-7) was identified as a candidate chemical under the EPA
Challenge program for high production volume chemicals. As it was not sponsored in the
voluntary phase of the HPV Challenge Program, it was deemed as subject to testing requirements
under a TSCA Section 4 Test Rule (Testing of Certain High Production Volume Chemicals,
Final Rule, 71 FR 13708, March 16, 2006; Document ID EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0033-0197;
available at http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HO-OPPT-2005-0033-0197).
The test rule required the following toxicological tests for CASRN 112-52-7: C3 (consisting of
chronic toxicity to Daphnia and toxicity to algae testing because log Kow > 4.2), D (acute
mammalian toxicity test), El (bacterial reverse mutation test), E2 (chromosomal aberration or
micronucleus test) and F1 (combined repeated dose toxicity study with the
reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test).
In response to the test rule, Lonza Inc. submitted the following studies to satisfy the toxicological
testing requirements:
Durando, J. (2008) Acute oral toxicity with 1-chlorododecane: Up and down procedure in rats.
Eurofins/Product Safety Laboratories. Study No. 22019. Available at:
http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HO-OPPT-2005-0033-0314 as of
December 11, 2012.
Gallagher, SP; Kendall, TZ; Krueger, HO. (2008a) 1-Chlorododecane: A 96-hour toxicity test
with the freshwater alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata). Wildlife International Ltd. Study
No. 289A-165. Available at: http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-
2005-0033-0314 as of December 11, 2012.
Gallagher, SP; Kendall, TZ; Krueger, HO. (2008b) A flow-through life-cycle toxicity study of 1-
chlorododecane with the cladoceran (Daphnia magna). Wildlife International Ltd. Study No.
289A-166. Available at: http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-
2005-0033-0314 as of December 11, 2012.
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Gudi, R; Rao, M. (2008) In vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test (test article: 1-
chlorodecane). BioReliance. Study No. AC01UM.331.BTL. Available at:
http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HO-OPPT-2005-0033-Q314 as of
December 11, 2012.
Sloter, ED. (2008) A combined 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity study with the
reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test of 1-chlorododecane in rats. WIL Research
Laboratories, LLC. Study No. WIL-636003. Available at:
http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HO-QPPT-2005-0033-0314 as of
December 11, 2012.
Wagner, OV; VanDyke, MR. (2008) Bacterial reverse mutation assay of 1-chlorododecane.
BioReliance. Study No. AC01UM.503.BTL. Available at:
http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0033-0314 as of
December 11, 2012.
The submitted data are summarized in this hazard characterization.
1. Chemical Identity
1.1	Identification and Purity
Toxicological studies submitted by Lonza Inc. tested a substance with 97.42% purity. The
structure of the compound is provided in the Appendix.
1.2	Physical-Chemical Properties
The physical-chemical properties of dodecane, 1-chloro- are summarized in Table 1. Dodecane,
1-chloro- is a clear, colorless liquid used as a solvent and as a chemical intermediate to make
photographic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, organometallic compounds and surfactants. It has
moderate vapor pressure and low water solubility.
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Table 1. Physical-Chemical Properties of Dodecane, 1-chloro-1
Property
Value
CASRN
112-52-7
Molecular Weight
204.78
Physical State
Clear, colorless liquid
Melting Point
-9.3 °C (measured)2
Boiling Point
257 °C (measured)
Vapor Pressure
0.45 mm Hg at 25 °C (measured)
Dissociation Constant (pKa)
Not applicable
Henry's Law Constant
0.287 atm-m3/mol (estimated)3
Water Solubility
2.75><10~3 mg/L at 25°C (measured);
7 mg/L at 20°C (measured)2;
0.14 mg/L at 25°C (estimated)3
Log Kow
>6.91 (measured)
1 Lonza Incorporated. (2008) Robust summaries for 1-chlorododecane. EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0033-0314.
Available online at
http://www. regulations. gov/contentStreamer?obiectId=0900006480c82aa6&disposition=attachment&con
tentType=pdf as of August 6, 2012.
2Sigma-Aldrich. (2012) Material Safety Data Sheet for 1-chlorododecane. Available online at
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com as of August 6, 2012.
3U.S. EPA. (2012) Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows, v4.10. Washington,
DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available online at
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/exposure/pubs/episuitedl.htm as of July 16, 2012.
2. General Information on Exposure
2.1	Production Volume and Use Pattern
CASRN 112-52-7 was not reported in the 2006 IUR.
2.2	Environmental Exposure and Fate
The environmental fate properties of dodecane, 1-chloro- are summarized in Table 2. Dodecane,
1-chloro- is expected to have low mobility in soil. It was completely eliminated within 24 hours
as measured by dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal using an activated sludge system and
ISO Method 9888 (equivalent to the Zahn-Wellens OECD 302B test) and was considered
inherently biodegradable. However, the results of this study were consistent with loss by
volatilization and no volatilization control was employed in the study making the results
questionable. Dodecane, 1-chloro- achieved 95% of its theoretical biochemical oxygen demand
(BOD) after 28 days using an activated sludge inoculum and the modified MITI (OECD 301C)
test designed for volatile substances. Since it passed a ready biodegradation test it can be
concluded that dodecane, 1-chloro- is not persistent in the environment. Volatilization is
expected to be high given the estimated Henry's Law constant. Hydrolysis is expected to be
negligible. The rate of atmospheric photooxidation is moderate. Dodecane, 1-chloro-is
expected to have low persistence (PI) and high bioaccumulation potential (B3).
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Table 2. Environmental Fate Characteristics of Dodecane, 1-chloro-1
Property
Value
CASRN
112-52-7
Photodegradation Half-life
9.5 hours (estimated)2
Hydrolysis Half-life
Stable
Biodegradation
100% after 1 day (inherently biodegradable);
95% after 28 days (readily biodegradable)3'4
Bioaccumulation Factor
BAF = 3.1 x 104 (estimated)2
Log Koc
4.0 (estimated)2
Fugacity
(Level III Model)2
Air (%)
8.9
Water (%)
40.7
Soil (%)
42.7
Sediment (%)
7.6
Persistence5
PI (low)
Bioaccumulation5
B3 (high)
1 Lonza Incorporated. (2008) Robust summaries for 1-chlorododecane. EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0033-0314.
Available online at
http://www.regulations.gov/contentStreamer?obiectld=0900006480c82aa6&disposition=attachment&co
ntentTvpe=pdf as of August 6, 2012.
2U.S. EPA. (2012) Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows, v4.10. Washington,
DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available online at
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/exposure/pubs/episuitedl.htm as of July 16, 2012.
3National Institute of Technology and Evaluation. (2008) Chemical Risk Information Platform (CHRIP).
Searchable by CASRN online at http://www.safe.nite.go,ip/english/db.html as of August 6, 2012.
4Sedyk, HA; Klopman, G. (2007) Data analysis and alternative modeling of MITI-I aerobic
biodegradation. SAR QSAR Environ Res 18(7-8):693-709.
5Federal Register. (1999) Category for persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic new chemical substances.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Federal Register 64(213):60194-60204.
Conclusion: Dodecane, 1-chloro- is a clear, colorless liquid with moderate vapor pressure and
low water solubility. It is expected to have low mobility in soil. It was readily biodegradable
using a standard OECD test method; therefore, it is not expected to be persistent in the
environment. Volatilization is expected to be high given the estimated Henry's Law constant of
this substance. Hydrolysis is expected to be negligible. The rate of atmospheric photooxidation
is moderate. Dodecane, 1-chloro- is expected to have low persistence (PI) and high
bioaccumulation potential (B3).
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3. Human Health Hazard
A summary of health effects data for SIDS endpoints is provided in Table 3.
Acute Oral Toxicity
Sprague-Dawley rats (8 female/dose) were administered CASRN 112-52-7 (97.42% purity) via
gavage at 2000 mg/kg-bw and observed for 14 days following dosing. No deaths occurred. Study
available online at http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0Q33-
0314 as of December 11, 2012 (Durando, 2008).
LD50 > 2000 mg/kg-bw
Repeated-Dose Toxicity
In a combined repeated-dose/reproductive/developmental toxicity screen, Crl:CD(SD) rats
(10/sex/dose) were administered CASRN 112-52-7 (97.42% purity) in corn oil via gavage at 0,
100, 300 or 1000 mg/kg-bw/day for 32 - 52 days. Males were dosed for 14 days prior to mating
and throughout the mating period and post-mating for a total of 32 days. Females were dosed for
14 days prior mating, throughout the mating period (up to 14 days), during gestation, and
through days 1-3 of lactation for a total of 39 - 51 days; females with no evidence of mating or
failure to deliver were dosed through post-mating or post-cohabitation day 25 for a total of 39 or
52 days. Endpoints examined in F0 animals included mortality, clinical signs, body weights,
food consumption, organ weights, functional observational batter (FOB), locomotor activity,
clinical chemistry, hematology, gross pathology and histopathology. Morbidity was observed in
1 female in the 1000 mg/kg-bw/day group, which was euthanized in extremis on gestation day
21; no evidence of parturition noted in this female. In the 1000 mg/kg-bw/day group, lower
mean body weight gains and food consumption were noted during the first week of the study in
both males and females. No treatment-related effects were seen on hematology, FOB parameters
or motor activity. Increased mean liver weights (absolute and/or relative to body and/or brain
weight) occurred in males and females at doses of 300 and 1000 mg/kg-bw/day accompanied by
minimal to mild centrilobular and panlobular hepatocellular hypertrophy (combined incidence of
0/10, 0/10, 1/10 and 5/10 in females and 0/10, 0/10, 4/10 and 6/10 in males at 0, 100, 300 and
1000 mg/kg-bw/day, respectively). An elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase level was
observed in 1000 mg/kg-bw/day males. Microvesicular vacuolation of the periportal area of the
liver was observed in 0/10, 5/10, 5/10 and 4/10 males at 0, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg-bw/day,
respectively. Increased mean adrenal gland weights (absolute and relative to brain weight) were
observed in females of the 1000 mg/kg-bw/day group, corresponding with an increased severity
of adrenocortical cytoplasmic vacuolation at this dose. A dose-related increase was observed in
the incidence of adrenocortical cytoplasmic vacuolation in females (2/10, 4/10, 6/10 and 8/10 at
0, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg-bw/day, respectively). Mean thymus gland weights were reduced in
females in the 300 and 1000 mg/kg-bw/day group (by 29 and 52%, respectively); although no
histological alterations were noted in the thymus, the reduction in thymus weight was considered
to be test substance-related due to the magnitude of the effect and dose-responsive nature of the
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decrease. Study available online at http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-
QPPT-2005-0033-0314 as of December 11, 2012 (Sloter, 2008).
LOAEL (males) = 100 mg/kg-bw/day (based on increased incidence of microvesicular
vacuolation of the periportal area of the liver)
NOAEL (males) = Not established
LOAEL (females) = 300 mg/kg-bw/day (based on increased incidence of adrenocortical
cytoplasmic vacuolation and reduced mean thymus gland weights)
NOAEL (females) = 100 mg/kg-bw/day
Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity
In the combined repeated-dose/reproductive/developmental toxicity screen in rats described
previously, Fo females were allowed to deliver and rear their pups until lactation day 4.
Reproductive and developmental endpoints examined included: mating, fertility, conception and
copulation indices; reproductive organ weights and histopathology; numbers of corpora lutea and
implantation sites; numbers of live and stillborn pups; pup body weights on postnatal days
(PNDs) 1 and 4; pup survival to PND 4; pup sex ratio; and pup clinical signs. All pups were
subjected to necropsy on PND 4. One female in the 1000 mg/kg-bw/day group had total litter
loss. No signs of toxicity to reproductive organs of either sex were seen at any dose. Postnatal
survival was decreased in the 1000 mg/kg-bw/day group; reduced pup body weights on PNDs 1
and 4 and decreased pup body weight gains were also observed at this dose. No other treatment-
related effects on reproductive and developmental endpoints were observed. Study available
online at http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HO-OPPT-2005-0033-Q314 as
of December 11, 2012 (Sloter, 2008).
NOAEL (reproductive toxicity) = 1000 mg/kg-bw/day (highest dose tested)
LOAEL (developmental toxicity) = 1000 mg/kg-bw/day (based on lower postnatal survival,
reduced pup body weights on PNDs 1 and 4, and reduced pup body weight gain)
NOAEL (developmental toxicity) = 300 mg/kg-bw/day
Genetic Toxicity — Gene Mutation
In vitro
In a reverse mutation assay, Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535 and
TA1537 and Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA were exposed to CASRN 112-52-7 (97.4%
purity) at 50, 150, 500, 1500 or 5000 [j,g/plate with and without metabolic activation. Positive
and negative controls were tested concurrently and responded appropriately. No increases in the
number of revertants were observed at any concentration in any strain with or without metabolic
activation. No cytotoxicity was observed. Precipitation was noted at concentrations > 1500
|ig/plate for all tester strains in the presence and absence of metabolic activation and at 500
|ig/plate for TA98 in the presence of metabolic activation. Study available online at
http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HO-OPPT-2005-0033-Q314 as of
December 11, 2012 (Wagner and VanDyke, 2008).
CASRN 112-52-7 was not mutagenic in this assay.
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Genetic Toxicity - Chromosomal Aberrations
In vitro
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were exposed to CASRN 112-52-7 (97.42% purity) at
concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 35, 50, 75 or 100 [j,g/mL with metabolic activation for 4 hours
and 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 35 or 50 ng/mL without metabolic activation for 4 or 20 hours.
Positive and negative controls were tested concurrently and responded appropriately. The
frequency of cells with structural aberrations was increased in the presence of metabolic
activation, but there was no increase in aberration frequency in cells without metabolic
activation. Cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations >61.2 |ag/m L without activation and >
35 |ig/mL with activation. Study available online at
http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HO-OPPT-2005-0033-Q314 as of
December 11, 2012 (Gudi and Rao, 2008).
CASRN 112-52-7 induced chromosomal aberrations in this assay.
Conclusion: The acute oral toxicity of CASRN 112-52-7 is low in rats. In a combined
repeated-dose/reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test in rats, administration of
CASRN 112-52-7 via gavage resulted in liver effects in males at 100 mg/kg-bw/day and adrenal
and thymus effects in females at 300 mg/kg-bw/day. The NOAEL for systemic toxicity is not
established in males and 100 mg/kg-bw/day in females. In the same study, developmental
effects including reductions in pup survival, pup body weight and pup body weight gain were
observed at 1000 mg/kg-bw/day. The NOAEL for developmental toxicity is 300 mg/kg-bw/day.
No reproductive effects were observed in this study. The NOAEL for reproductive toxicity is
1000 mg/kg-bw/day (highest dose tested). CASRN 112-52-7 was not mutagenic in bacteria in
vitro but induced chromosomal aberrations in mammalian cells in vitro.
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Table 3. Summary of the Screening Information Data Set - Human Health Data
Endpoints
Dodecane, 1-chloro-
(CASRN 112-52-7)
Acute Toxicity
Oral LD50 (mg/kg-bw)
>2000
(rat)
Repeated-
Dose/Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity
NOAEL/LOAEL
Oral (mg/kg-bw/day)
Systemic toxicity
NOAEL (m/f)= Not established/100
LOAEL (m/f)= 100/300
Reproductive toxicity
NOAEL = 1000 (hdt)
Developmental toxicity
NOAEL = 300
LOAEL = 1000
(rat)
Genetic Toxicity - Gene Mutation
In vitro
Negative
Genetic Toxicity - Chromosomal
Aberrations
In vitro
Positive
Measured data in bold text; hdt = highest dose tested.
4. Hazard to the Environment
A summary of aquatic toxicity data for SIDs endpoints is provided in Table 4.
Acute Toxicity to Fish and Aquatic Invertebrates
Acute toxicity to fish and aquatic invertebrate tests are not required under the HPV program because
the log Kow of CASRN 112-52-7 is > 4.2.
Toxicity to Aquatic Plants
Green algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) were exposed to CASRN 112-52-7 (97.42%
purity) in dimethyl formamide at nominal concentrations of 0 (dilution water control), 0 (solvent
control), 0.016, 0.031, 0.063, 0.13, 0.25 and 0.50 mg a.i./L for 96 hours. Corresponding
geometric mean measured concentrations were 0, 0, 0.0055, 0.0076, 0.012, 0.018, 0.024 and
0.034 mg a.i./L, respectively. Exposures occurred at a pH of 7.6 - 8.3 and a temperature of 23.2
- 23.9°C. At 72 hours, statistically significant (p < 0.05) reductions in biomass, growth rate, and
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cell density were observed at > 0.012 mg a.i./L. At 96 hours, significant (p < 0.05) reductions in
biomass and cell density were observed at > 0.012 mg a.i./L and significant (p < 0.05) reductions
in growth rate were observed at > 0.018 mg a.i./L. Study available online
http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HO-OPPT-2005-0033-Q314 as of
December 11, 2012 (Gallagher et al., 2008a).
72-h EC50 (biomass) = 0.027 mg a.i./L
72-h EC50 (growth) > 0.034 mg a.i./L
72-h EC50 (cell density) = 0.029 mg a.i./L
96-h EC50 (biomass) = 0.036 mg a.i./L
96-h EC50 (growth) > 0.034 mg a.i./L
96-h EC50 (cell density) > 0.034 mg a.i./L
Chronic Toxicity to Aquatic Invertebrates
Water fleas (Daphnia magna) were exposed to CASRN 112-52-7 (97.42% purity) in dimethyl
formamide at nominal concentrations of 0 (dilution water control), 0 (solvent control), 0.0063,
0.013, 0.025, 0.050 and 0.100 mg a.i./L under flow-through conditions for 21 days.
Corresponding mean measured concentrations were 0, 0, 0.0015, 0.0027, 0.0057, 0.0072 and
0.017 mg a.i./L, respectively. Exposures occurred at a pH of 8.1 - 8.3, a temperature of 20.0 -
20.3°C, and a dissolved oxygen concentration of > 6.1 mg/L. Mean length and dry weight of
daphnids were reduced at 0.017 mg a.i./L by 5% and 9%, respectively. No effects on survival
(measured as mobility) or reproduction were observed at any concentration tested. Study
available online at http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-
0033-0314 as of December 11, 2012 (Gallagher et al., 2008b).
21-day LOEC (growth) = 0.017 mg a.i./L
21-day NOEC (growth) = 0.0072 mg a.i./L
MATC (growth) = 0.011 mg a.i./L
21-day EC50 (mortality/immobility and reproduction) > 0.017 mg a.i./L
Conclusion: The 96-hour EC50 values of CASRN 112-52-7 for aquatic plants were 0.036 mg
a.i./L for biomass and > 0.034 mg a.i./L for growth and cell density. The 21-day MATC value of
CASRN 112-52-7 for growth of aquatic invertebrates was 0.011 mg a.i./L. The 21-day EC50
value of CASRN 112-52-7 for aquatic invertebrates was > 0.017 mg a.i./L for
mortality/immobility and reproduction.
Table 4. Summary of the Screening Information Data Set - Aquatic Toxicity Data
Endpoints
Dodecane, 1-chloro-

(112-52-7)
Aquatic Plants

96-h EC50 (mg/L)

(cell density)
> 0.034
(growth rate)
> 0.034
(biomass)
0.036
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Table 4. Summary of the Screening Information Data Set - Aquatic Toxicity Data
Endpoints
Dodecane, 1-chloro-
(112-52-7)
Chronic Toxicity to Aquatic
Invertebrates
21-d MATC (mg/L)
21-d EC50 (mg/L)
0.011
> 0.017
Measured data in bold text; MATC (maximum acceptable toxicant concentration) is the
geometric mean of the NOEC and LOEC.
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5. References
Durando, J. (2008) Acute oral toxicity with 1-chlorododecane: Up and down procedure in rats.
Eurofins/Product Safety Laboratories for Lonza Inc. Study No. 22019 (unpublished report).
Gallagher, SP; Kendall, TZ; Krueger, HO. (2008a) 1-Chlorododecane: A 96-hour toxicity test
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Hazard Characterization Document
December 2012
APPENDIX
HPV Chemical
Chemical Name
CASRN
Structure
Dodecane, 1-chloro-
112-52-7
SMILES: C1CCCCCCCCCCCC
15

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