£ \ % ^,eDst% Q o s? Toxics Release Inventory 2007 Mercury Report U.S. EPA Region 9: California, Arizona, Nevada, Hawaii, the Pacific Islands, and Tribal Nations The 2007 Data for Mercury Mercury1 is a persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) chemical. As such, it has a significantly lower Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) reporting threshold (10 pounds) than do non-PBT chemicals (10 thou- sand or 25 thousand pounds). Metal mining is the largest source of mercury releases reported in Re- gion 9. Other main sources of mercury releases in the Region are hazardous waste treatment and dis- posal, cement manufacturing and fossil fuel electric power generation facilities. Nevada ranks #1 in the United States for reported mercury releases, with 88% of all releases. Arizona ranks #7; California #8; and Hawaii #49. 2007 Mercury Releases: Ranking by State #7 Arizona #8 California 1% 1% #9 Texas 0.4% All Other 3% Mercury Releases in Region 9 Within the region, Arizona had the largest percent increase (440%) of mercury releases from 2006, from 8.8 to 47 thousand pounds. The industry with the top mercury releases varies by state: Gold Min- ing (Nevada), Copper Mining (Arizona); Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal (California); Petro- leum Refineries (Hawaii). State 2007 Mercury Releases Largest Releases Nevada 6,094,786 Gold Mining Arizona 47,550 CopperMining California 43,893 HazardousWaste Hawaii 201 Petroleum Refineries One hundred forty-six facilities in Region 9 reported 6.2 million pounds of mercury releases, up 1.8 million pounds from 2006. Nevada miningfacilities account for 98% of the Region's mercury releases. Facilities with Largest Mercury Releases (Region 9) Facility Name State 2006 2007 Percent Change Barrick Goldstrike Mines Inc NV 2,149,211 2,220,174 3% Newmont Mining Corp Twin Creeks Mine NV 1,500,697 1,980,659 32% Newmont Mining Corp - Carlin North Area Mine NV 87,020 780,166 797% Ruby Hill Mine NV 14,229 409,607 2,779% Newmont Mining Corp - Carlin South Area Mine NV 90,470 295,554 227% Cortez Gold Mines NV 148,949 152,234 2% Marigold Mining Co NV 69,001 75,573 10% Bald Mountain Mine NV 26,626 62,228 134% Newmont Mining Corp Lone Tree Mine NV 109,631 59,630 -46% Freeport-Mcmoran Morenci Inc AZ No report 42,017 — Chemical Waste Management Inc CA 28,073 30,965 10% US Ecology Nevada Inc. NV 26,112 25,857 -1% 1 Includes the mercury present in mercury compounds. ------- Releases to the Environment Total (on- & off-site) mercury releases increased 41.3% (1.8 million pounds) from 2006 to 2007. Releases to land are the largest category of releas- es, followed by air. Release Desination Reporting Year Percent Change 2006 2007 Air 8,563 7,081 -17% Land 4,355,860 6,177,091 +42% Water 6 6 -1% Underground Injection 3 4 +24% Off-site 13,990= 2,414 -83% Total Releases 4,378,422 6,186,595 +41% Releases to Land Mercury releases to land increased 42% since 2006, and 72% since 2005. Largest Increase: Gold mines Newmont Mining Corporation (Newmont)-Carlin North Area Mine (693 thousand pounds), Newmont-Twin Creeks Mine, (480 thou- sand pounds), Ruby Hill Mine (395 thousand pounds) and Newmont-Carlin South Area Mine (205 thousand pounds). Largest Decrease: Newmont-Lone Tree (gold) Mine (50 thousand pounds). Releases to Air Reported mercury releases to air decreased 17% (1,483 pounds). Largest Decrease: Marigold (gold) Mining Co. (903 pounds), Lehigh Southwest Cement (442 pounds), Kennecott Rawhide Mining Co (290 pounds), Hanson Permanente Cement (258 pounds), and Bald Mountain (gold) Mine (147 pounds). Largest Increase: The Salt River Project Navajo Generation Station (326 pounds), Newmont Mining-Carlin South Area Mine (196 pounds), Newmont Mining Corp-Carlin North Area Mine (146 pounds), Barrick Goldstrike (gold) Mines, Inc. (115 pounds) and Cortez Gold Mines (103 pounds). Off-site Transfer and Disposal Reported off-site releases decreased 83% from 2006 to 2007. Largest Decrease: Clean Harbors San Jose LLC (hazardous waste facility) - 11 thousand pounds, 99% reduction. Largest In- crease: US Ecology Nevada Inc. (hazardous waste facility) - 469 pounds, a 100% increase. 2007 Mercury Releases (in pounds) by State State Air Land Underground Injection Water Off-site Total Releases AZ 1,966 45,355 0 0 112 47,433 CA 1,677 40,960 1 2 1,193 43,832 HI 55 0 3 4 141 203 NV 3,383 6,090,776 0 0 968 6,095,127 Total 7,081 6,177,091 4 6 2,414 6,186,595 Nevada's Elko, Humboldt and Eureka Counties re- leased the largest amounts of mercury in 2007. The counties with the largest releases of mercury in Arizona and California are Greenlee County and Kings County, respectively. 10 Counties with Largest Mercury Releases (Region 9) County State 2007 ELKO NV 2,220,562 HUMBOLDT NV 2,119,216 EUREKA NV 1,485,327 LANDER NV 169,238 WHITE PINE NV 62,228 GREENLEE AZ 42,017 NYE NV 33,154 KINGS CA 30,965 IMPERIAL CA 9,940 PERSHING NV 4,704 Industry Sectors The gold mining industry accounts for 98% of reported mercury releases in Region 9. Among the remaining two percent, hazardous waste treatment and disposal, non-gold metal mining, and fossil fuel electric power generation are the top contributors. 2 FreeportMcMoran (formerly Phelps Dodge) Miami revised its 2006 off-site releases from 39 thousand to 21 pounds. ------- Mercury Releases (in pounds) by Industry Sector Industry Sector 2007 Releases (lbs.) Gold Ore Mining 6,073,999 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal 57,401 Copper Ore & Nickel Ore Mining 44,210 Silver Ore Mining 4,381 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation 3,335 Cement Manufacturing 1,137 Petroleum Refineries 1,002 Other 1,129 Total 6,186,595 Gold Mining Mercury can be processed as a trace constituent in metal ores or recovered as a by-product from gold ores. Many mines extract, move, store, process, and dispose of large amounts of waste rock and ore materials containing low concentrations of naturally-occurring metals. The vast majority of this material is placed in sur- face impoundments or on land, and the metals are reported as on-site releases to land. This material is subject to leaching by rain, snow, and acid mine drainage, and must be carefully managed and moni- tored to prevent surface or ground water contam- ination. Gold ore processing and metal refining operations also release mercury to the air. In the Pacific Southwest Region, 16 gold mines reported 6.1 million pounds of total mercury releases, most of which were released on-site to land. These gold mines reported a total of 3,236 pounds of mercury releases to the air. Copper Mining Five copper mines in Region 9, all located in Arizona, reported 44 thousand pounds of mercury releases. The majority of these mercury releases were to land. Hazardous Waste Disposal Hazardous waste facilities reported 57 thousand pounds of mercury released to land. These facilities also reported 1,063 pounds of off-site releases. Silver Mining One silver mining facility, Coeur Rochester (NV), reported mercury releases of 4,365 pounds to land and 16 pounds to air. Electricity Generation Only facilities that burn coal or oil to generate elec- tricity commercially are required to report to TRI. Mercury compounds may be formed during the combustion process. Eighteen fossil fuel electricity generation facilities reported 3,335 pounds of mercury releases, with 62% to air and 38% to land. Cement Manufacturing Mercury may be processed or otherwise used as a trace element in raw materials and fuels in the manufacture of hydraulic cement. Eleven facilities reported 1,137 pounds of mercury releases, 99% of which were releases to air. Petroleum Refineries Mercury may be processed or otherwise used as trace components in crude oil. In 2007, 21 petro- leum refineries reported 1,002 pounds of mercury releases, with 73% transferred off-site, and 26% released to the air. National Security Facilities The U.S Navy Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake is the onlyfederal national security facility in Region 9 to report mercury releases in 2007. Of the 454 pounds in total releases, 429 pounds were trans- ferred off-site and 25 pounds were released to the air. ------- |