Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions file :///C :/Users/Home/Downloads/LAKESUMMARY LAKEJEANNEUSTADT.HTML Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions Lake Jean Neustadt Water Quality Survey Jake Beaulieu1 02 June, 2022 1. Background Between 2020 and 2023 the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) will survey water quality and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 108 reservoirs distributed across the United States (Figure 1). The objective of the research is to estimate the magnitude of GHG emissions from US reservoirs. All reservoirs included in this study were previously sampled by the USEPA during the 2017 National Lakes Assessment (2017 NLA). Data from the 2017 NLA can be found at the EPA website (https://www.epa.gov/national-aquatic-resource-surveys/data-national-aquatic-resource-surveys). Data for Lake Jean Neustadt can be found under SITEJD NLA17_OK-10009. A field sensor is used to measure chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductivity water temperature, and turbidity near the water surface at a minimum of 15 locations within each reservoir. Water samples are collected from the deepest site for analysis of nutrients and chlorophyll a. This preliminary report presents water quality results for Lake Jean Neustadt. These data will be included in a formal peer-reviewed publication to be submitted for publication in 2024. Western Mountains 500 km ji; . - 300 mi (Mff!3(2/leafletjs.com) | Tiles © Esri — Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, ^GP, and the GIS User Community GeoEye, Getmapping, Aeroflrid, IGN, I 1 of 8 7/11/2022, 7:55 AM ------- Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions file :///C :/Users/Home/Downloads/LAKESUMMARY LAKEJEANNEUSTADT.HTML Figure 1. Location of the 108 Reservoirs Included in Study. 2. Lake Jean Neustadt Survey Design The Lake Jean Neustadt survey design included 15 sampling sites. Water chemistry samples were collected from a 7.3m deep site nearby the dam (Figure 2). Click on any of the sites to see the site id, water temperature, pH, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen at the water surface. 2 of 8 7/11/2022, 7:55 AM ------- Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions file -JIIC :/Users/Home/Downloads/LAKESUMMARY LAKEJEANNEUSTADT.HTML Figure 2. Location of the 15 sampling sites in Lake Jean Neustadt. 3. Lake Disturbance and Trophic Status Lakes are often classified according to their trophic state. There are four trophic state categories that reflect nutrient availability and plant growth within a lake. A eutrophic lake has high nutrients and high algal and/or macrophyte plant growth. An oligotrophic lake has low nutrient concentrations and low plant growth. Mesotrophic lakes fall somewhere in between eutrophic and oligotrophic lakes and hypereutrophic lakes have very high nutrients and plant growth. Lake trophic state is typically determined by a wide variety of natural factors that control nutrient supply climate, and basin morphometry. A metric commonly used for defining trophic state is the concentration of chlorophyll a (chla), an indicator of algae abundance, in the water column. Chlorophyll a concentration was 38 ug/L during the sampling, indicating the lake was hypereutrophic. Trophic State Classification Analyte Oligotrophic Mesotrophic Eutrophic Hypereutrophic chlorophyll a (ug/L) <=2 >2 and <=7 >7 and <=30 >30 In addition to classifying lakes by trophic status, lakes can be classified by degree of disturbance relative to undisturbed lakes (i.e. reference lakes) within the ecoregion. Degree of disturbance can be based on a wide variety of metrics, but here we use nutrients (total phosphorus (tp), total nitrogen (tn)), suspended sediment (turbidity), chlorophyll a, and dissolved oxygen (do). Lake disturbance values range from least to most disturbed. Chemical Condition Indicators Threshold Values Observed Values parameter units least disturbed moderately disturbed most disturbed concentration status do mg/l >5 >3&<5 <3 10 least disturbed 3 of 8 7/11/2022, 7:55 AM ------- Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions file :///C :/Users/Home/Downloads/LAKESUMMARY LAKEJEANNEUSTADT.HTML Threshold Values Observed Values parameter units least disturbed moderately disturbed most disturbed concentration status turbidity NTU <3.32 >3.32 I it <4.67 >4.67 9.40 most disturbed tp ug/l <34 >34 f CO LO V >56 2 least disturbed tn ug/l <657 >657 t A CO CO O >830 608 least disturbed chlorophyll a ug/l <6.85 >6.85 f A CO oo >13.8 38.3 most disturbed 4. Within-lake Spatial Patterns A field sensor was used to measure water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity near the water surface at all sampling sites. Data are reported in figures and tables below. Hover the curser over any point in the figures to reveal the sitelD corresponding to the adjacent data table. Alternatively, click on any row in the data table to reveal the location of the sampling site on the map. Turbidity is higher near shoreline and shallow sampling stations. Water temperature is highest in the relatively shallow sites at the north end of the reservoir. Dissolved oxygen and pH are greatest near the dam, likely reflecting high rates of algal metabolism in the relatively warm and Clearwater near the dam. water sitelD temp 1 29.35 3 31.1 4 29.9 5 29.52 6 30.8 7 31.49 8 31.08 9 30.9 '1 Leaflet (https://leafletjs.com) | Tifi EGP, and the GIS User Community Esri ¦ Source: Esri, 4 of 8 7/11/2022, 7:55 AM ------- Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions file :///C :/Users/Home/Downloads/L AKESUMMARY_LAKEJEANNEUSTADT.HTML water sitelD temp 10 32.46 11 31 12 29.77 13 31.11 14 31.36 sitelD pH ^ 1 8.53 2 8.59 3 8.51 4 8.56 5 8.38 6 8.54 7 8.57 8 8.6 9 8.64 10 8.25 11 8.57 12 8.8 13 8.62 14 8.59 15 8.69 500 m 2000 ft saflet (https://leafietjs.com) | Tiles t Esri — Source: Esri: i-cubed, USDA IJSGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR EGP, and the GIS User Community 5 of 8 7/11/2022, 7:55 AM ------- Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions file :///C :/Users/Home/Downloads/LAKESUMMARY LAKEJEANNEUSTADT.HTML jBLf-) X Leaflet (https://leafletjs.com) | Tiles © Esri —¦ SdBlfe: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR- Turbidity (NTU) lrt / ;V' EGE^-and the GIS User Community % j f ritiL,' JpVV- bS?* . A fi ,*r: 500/ri 2000 ft K ii fjr A1] ™ « Turbidity sitelD (NTU) 1 9 2 10.5 3 11.6 4 9.9 5 9.5 6 13.5 7 17.5 8 9.5 9 9.3 10 24 11 11.1 12 11.5 13 20.5 14 13.5 15 9.3 DO sitelD (mg/L) 1 10.89 2 11.83 3 10.48 4 11.27 5 10.04 6 of 8 7/11/2022, 7:55 AM ------- Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions file :///C :/Users/Home/Downloads/LAKESUMMARY LAKEJEANNEUSTADT.HTML 5. Depth Profiles Oxygen (mg/L) - 9,0 - 9.5 -10,0 -10.5 -11.0 sitelD DO (mg/L) 6 12.01 7 8.64 8 11.54 9 11.5 10 8.6 11 11.88 12 8.89 13 12.67 14 11.83 15 11.18 Dissolved oxygen is one of the most important environmental factors affecting aquatic life. The biological demand for oxygen is often greatest near the sediment where the decomposition of organic matter consumes oxygen through aerobic respiration. Near the surface of lakes, photosynthesis by phytoplankton produces oxygen, often leading to a general pattern of decreasing oxygen availability with increasing depth. This pattern can be exacerbated by thermal stratification. Thermal stratification occurs when lake surface waters are warmed by the sun, causing the water to become less dense and float on top of the deeper, cooler lake water. Since the deeper layer of water cannot exchange gases with the atmosphere, the dissolved oxygen content of the deep water cannot be replenished from the atmosphere. As a result, the deep water can become progressively depleted of oxygen as it is consumed by biological activity, sometimes causing dissolved oxygen to become sufficiently scarce to stress oxygen sensitive organisms including some fish and insects. The deepest sampling location in Lake Jean Neustadt was 7.3 m deep. Thermal stratification was observed in Lake Jean Neustadt, and dissolved oxygen was nearly depleted at the lake bottom, indicating strong biological oxygen demand in the lake sediment and reduced oxygen replenishment likely driven by thermal stratification. 7 of 8 7/11/2022, 7:55 AM ------- Survey of Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emissions file:///C:/Users/Home/Downloads/LAKESUMMARY_LAKEJEANNEUSTADT.HTML Lake Jean Neustadt Depth Profiles Temperature (°C) 10 15 20 25 30 Dissolved Oxygen (mg L 1) 1. Jake Beaulieu, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Beaulieu.Jake@epa.gov (mailto:Beaulieu.Jake@epa.gov)«J : of 8 7/11/2022, 7:55 AM ------- |