What’s in a Building? Composition Analysis of C&D Debris Recycle


Whats in a Building?

Composition Analysis of C&D Debris

A critical concern c£ cnTtractcrs isvtet tocb with the vests generated cn
construction, (feraLitioa, aondiBXJiadmpBDiects. arilding-ielated constat
DexaLitiai (CUD) dreads totalsnore than 136mill inn tms/^year ornearly 40% of
the CKD andixunicipal saLidwastestream (U.S. EPA). With landfill and
tzan^ol3ticna3sterisiiganai^iBqyil±gre^jiiHrets/ vaste disposal hseteenre
^rrajcsracstccripcnaTtcf derciliticnandraxsvatimbids. In carter to oiiniiniae
waste, and the ccst at disposal, it isinpcrtattDha^eadL^run^istaiJiiigaEvtetis
being lanfillM.

What can be reused carre^ded aid what trust be disposed of? Efedng a general ssise
ol the types andqartitiffi c£ waste rratadals generated cnyxir jefcsites is the startirg
pLacefcrar^^c:i^ni2BlpLanfcrachievirgv€iSterHirtim. Mthar^iccnpcsitim
varies tyssasoi, locat±iLandpr5ed;type, C&Ddsbrisgenerally consists cf a^dnalt,
conete, brick, dirt, wood, rretal, vallbcard, iDcfii^andinaJatimnBtedals,
plastics, cardxard, giseB, andmi Frel laHiB tradn.

IVPical Components of Mlding- Rotated C&D Debris

Bfebgdals

Content Exairples

Wood

formirg and framirg luiber, sturrps, plyACod, larrirates, scraps

Drywall

d^etinck, gypsum, plaster

IMtetals

pipes, r±Br, fladnirg, steel, aluminium, cqper, brass, stainless steel-

El£ddcs

vinyl siding, ctxxs, wind^s, flax tiles, pipes

Roofirg

aqtoltandvaadsbiiigles, slate, tile, reefing felt

Rubble

ag±alt, carafe, cincferbkxks, rock, earth

Brick

bricks, e, mirrors, lights

Misc.

carpiirg, fixtures, irsulaticn, CHtaructile

auras: U.S. EEft, Qmsctenjzatiai of Eidldiiy-l&latedfJiistjjjctiai and LiamllticnDstzris in the tinted States,
1999, .

Cfflvastea^cfbaituItedasasirgLewasbestiBan. Unreality, thetypescf debris
cpneiatedthro^canstruddmanddeiiiLtimactivitiesareAastlydiffeiBa:, and
differ co^deiabLy in easscf ssj^raticn, lexwayandiB^ci^ility. Innany
counties, iB^clirg qpxtiriit.i es exist fcr nest, construddmanddaioOitimvaste
tratedals, indlrdingagjnalt, corrrebe, dry/all, netal, wxd, krudn, dirt, rocte, and
catxteatd.

Bright Ideas

1

rnsbsrisls and itamc^Tstslly
zEpL-E3antBasigTi£icantp3i£±jnc£ahjil(^sbj±^t. Banrnig
amie cf vt&t is inycurvBStehin-tha types andgtantities of
mtHLiaJ^tJ^aiBbeirg-di^csedcf-CBnJrBlp y^d^jsowieacBt

Additional Information

The CSdD Waste Reducticnani Recycling series consists cf 9 fact sheets, each fccusdrg cn a different aspect c£ waste rtian-
sgsf&i.. ESctshests in this series irclude:

What's in a Building: Obrrpositicn Analysis of C&D Debris
Gnsite Source Reduction: Cutting the Scrap
Settirg up a Jcbsite Recycling Program
Dsconstruction: New C^partunities far Salvage
(Slculatirg Effectiveness: The Vfaste IVtaagemsnt Plan
Reducing teste for Building Owners

Vfeste Recycling Through Oairmingled Recovery: the Surrmerland Heights Residential Development
Deconstruct icn on CtrmHrcial Ranovatioi Projects: the Victoria Street Erestyterian Sanctuary
Source Reduction in Residential Remodeling: the las Alturas Aibe

Other resources:

I Resuras Gulcb, Jterican Institute cf Jtaftitects
I BjildingN3ABaniGae3T^^En3±ctDizectaiy
B.vizuiv3±al Design & Oi&tzucticn Ifagazire
Deccrstructlcn (viefco), Nfetsrials far the Future Fbxrktdm
BjilcPr's Field Guide, National itesoriatian cf Rue Builcfers
Vfeste£$;.sc: MxPl Q:ea'iRiildirg Specif.Icatirns, TtiargLe J Cbjrral of (Saetntants
SLstainableBuildiiyTbdrnicall^injBl, U.S. GreanBjildirgCbjrril

(800)	365-2724

(802)	257-7300

(847)	291-5224

(415)	561-6530

(202)	822-0200

(919)	549-0551

(202)	828-7422

Visit these mb sites for c±»nLcgdafcie pjfclicatians, listsar\e infexnatian, ardlinks to ether greanhjildirg sites:

www. ciwnto. ca. gov
WW. qa .ga//greerixrilding
WAW.aia.cscg

WAW.tjccg.dst.nc.us/cAaste.htm
www.faiiigi!nggrsen,M
www. cites, org

www.EDCmag.com
WAjAj.riHterials4futatB.atg
www.usgfcc.atg

The C£D Vfeste Reduction and Recycling Series is a joint project of the Santa Batista Cfcunty Soiid Vfeste and Utilities Division,
The Ctmrunity Efrvuxrnantal Cfcuncil, and His Sustainability Project.

Fbr mate infarrraticnplease contact U.S. EPA, Region 9 Office of Pclluticn Prevention ard SolidVfeste at (415) 972-3282.
Etrdedly agrant frcm the United States I

. Protection Pgaxy, Region 9.

M0RE.0RG

United Slates
Eiryironmental Protection
Agency

I The

U Sustainahllrty
I Projwt

Com mu nitv Envi ron m ental Com Nt:il

Printed cn 50% pcetcoTsurrHr recycled p^esr, pcoossssl chlorire f

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What Can Be Reused?

With adiaixEplaiiiiigtraryibaTB can be reused en the jefcsite. Additionally, i£thepx^e^cni±ariffia(feiiiLitlai
phase fcilJjaABdtyrwcaTstrixticn, rrarymaterials and iters canbe salvaged.

x Ecisy to reTOve items include: doers, hard/\are, afpliaxes, ard fixtures. These canbe salvagad fix
dxBtien or use during the rebuild er en ether jebs.

x WtedcutoEfs canbe used for cripples, lintels, andbloddigtoelinxnatetter^dtDCLtfalllagth
latter. Scrap wood cante chipped en site and used astniLtihargi£un±Dver.

x C^psundiy/\aRcantepilacBdinsideftaHcavitiestoeliii±Btetbeneedfcrt2ar]gxrtatioiardlardfill
disposal. (Dtte: This netted is reallyv®ste dsfenal rather thandhersicn).

x De-pepered and crushed gypsun can be used, inmxleratecpantities, asasoilanendrent.

x Brick, conxeteardriBscnry canbe recyoledcn site as fill, sii±8senEterialcrdri\e/£yb8dding.

x E?cessinsulatioifirmeKtericrv\allscanteus8dinintericrv\Eilsasnoised3acfeiingrrBterial.

x J^ntcante rHirixedardusedingarage or storage areas, eras primer coat en other jobs.

x l^cfcagirgiratarials canbe returrel to sippfliers fix reuse.

lipicai Discards from a 2,000 square foot Rtsidentiil UmxmNm Project

ttterial

Weight

Volurre

(pcurds)

(abicyattfe)

Dywall

2,000

Solid Sawn Wxd

1,600

Engineered Wocd

1,400

Masonry

1,000

Cardboard

600

Mials

150

Vinyl (EVC)

150

Ifcardxis IV&teriaLs

Othsr

1,050

TOTAL

8,000 Its. wastB

70 cu. yjs.

Scurce: Ktt.ia^ITteaodaticnaEItneBjilcfeL's, 1997.

ODMlKimWiiorigiiBtes frem the construction r^sir, and ranrdel of residaitial and rmresidantial
structures. Thewastecpneiatedisrelati^ycleai, ard canfce readily sgstatadat the jefcsite. Giresidsntial
construction and rBX*rat±npax^ects, wood, drywall, andcardbcBidiTBkeup 60 - 80% of jefcsite veste
(NPffi). Mttal, brick, block, vinyl, anla^iHltvasteare^aneistaliniHlativeLysrallerqjantitiffi. Trivet
hy" waste, urauthcxi2sddiTpiigdurirgoff hours, canbe as hicjhas 30% c£ the total waste \clure.
Grmercial ccnstxucticnwaste^Lure variesbasedipcn the size ard type cf construction.

What Can Be RecycledP

Mthla^^ya^Hilai^rB^ciirga±iMB, economics favx the recycling cfhea^materials such as ennete ard steel.
'IteccstefEectivg^EBcfrecyiLiigctlHrnHterialsd^artecnaAari^ycf factors, butlar^cpantitiescfaryrraterial
will often rrake recycling enrpetitive cenpared to the cost cf landEill disposal.

x Vfoodveste, along with miM3org Industrie
and the Santa Barbara Oxnty South (last Transfer Station.

x Geandrywall is alsoprocassedty local Cffirratedal^piixi^irgfeciliti^.

x local iriiKtryacxepts inert Cffid±risfcruse as rcadfcase.

x Sore suppliers will take back used cr scrap rinterial. Gopetrerains cm be takai back to many

sufpLiers. Also, it isscnetinespcssibletOEal^a^ards^lai^scrcpscrfindctherusesfixcHrpetcn-
site. Likewise, vinyl siding and ceilirg tiles are sjietires tal^fcackk^'inBXifectureis, vteiprericusly
agreed ipen.

x Sarenanufecture!Swillpdckipu^p!Xiirt.arpack^ingvhenc^i^rirgarBA''crder. (Inversely,
waste haulirg costs can ice alcsafcedfcy beck-hauljng nsA/rtaberials cn the return trip.

What Must be disposed of?

A certain pxticnal: theveste fiaTicnMiirtimand^clitionpHijjects is todo and/or classified as hazardous v\aste.
^MHria]scp^l3telin^3rfC^nstructim ti3trBpire^BrialhBndliIginc^Lafelatecpaints, cherical solvents, ard
chtb±s, speckles, ardadhesives. INfte a gpacnaleffcrt net to puixhase these materials in excess, ard reuse then cn
ether jcfcsvheiE possible. tixisedpcrtioEEhouMbedi^xsedcf at a hazardous wssteccilection facility.

He age e£ structures cndsiclitdcn projects rargss ccnsidxaidly, ard many cotainrraterials that are no lor^r
allcwedinneiA? constriction. Althou^adoestcsalDatSTHt. isrecpirMpriortodarclitioi, there are scmetimes
remnants in sifcflcoodngcr insulation that were not detected during atatHreit, Sore cider structures also contain
signiEioartqmntitii^cf Iffldfca^dpaint. l£nli±g and disposal c£ adaestcscrlsadkassdpaintthetisrarovedtoTia
structure \eries accr:zdirg to voLure ard conditicn. Rx asbestos guidance, contact, yojr local air pollution control
district, or call (415) 972-3989, ardacntact the National lead Clearinghouse at (800) 424-LESD for infomHticn
dxutyoxrapxsibilitiis.

D6iHllBlQHlHi3^B is generated durirg the removal oE existing structures; structure that were built ewer a range
of time periods using a variety of materials and construction methods-sore of vMch are no longer
afpxpriate. Earcilitiairraterials include: aggregate, concrete, wood, paper, netal, insulation, and glass.
Eeiolitian waste is cftaicontaxtirated with paints, adhesi\as, and insulation, andtterecyclabilityrc£vcnl
may be hindered icy rails and other fasteners. large pieces cfwxd and dmansioral lutter can be recovered
thrci^damlingardrs^ because cf the ax/ailsfcolitycf local cutlets, rrarydeiciitioipiXDjectstE&e

bean able to recycle as much as 80% of mixed cMxis.

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