Community Involvement Plan for the
Safety Light Corporation
Superfund Site
Prepared for the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Region 3
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
November 2005
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
1 OVERVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT PLAN 3
2 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT PLAN OBJECTIVES 4
3 COYlYll MTY INVOLVEMENT ACTIVITIES 5
4 EPA BACKGROUND 11
4.1 Superfund Programs 11
4.2 Site-Related EPA Groups 13
4.3 The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 15
4.4 State Role 16
4.5 Local Role 16
5 SITE BACKGROUND 17
5.1 Site Description 17
5.2 Site History 17
5.3 Site Contamination 17
5.4 EPA Actions to Date 18
6 COYlYll MTY BACKGROUND 19
6.1 Community Profile 19
6.2 Community Interests and Concerns 25
6.3 Summary of Community Interview Responses 26
APPENDICES
A LIST OF CONTACTS 27
A.l Federal Elected Officials 27
A.2 State Elected Officials 27
A.3 Local Officials 28
A.4 U.S. EPA Region 3 Officials 28
A.5 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) 29
A. 6 Pennsylvania Departments of Environmental Protection and Health 30
A. 7 Media 30
B INFORMATION REPOSITORIES AND POTENTIAL MEETING LOCATION 32
B. 1 Information Repositories 32
B.2 Potential Meeting Location 32
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C GLOSSARY 01 TECHNICAL TERMS 33
D LIST OF ACRONYMS 37
E TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE GRANT (TAG) 38
F COYlYll M IY ADVISORY GROUP (CAG) 39
G SUPERFUND JOB TRAINING INITIATIVE (SuperJTI) 40
MAPS
1 SITE LOCATION 41
TABLES
1 SUMMARY OF COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT ACTIVITIES 10
2 COYlYll MTY INTERVIEW RESPONSES 20
ATTACHMENTS
A SUPERFUND PROCESS FLOWCHART
B EXAMPLE FACT SHEET 1
C EXAMPLE FACT SHEET 2
D EXAMPLE PUBLIC NOTICE
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SECTION 1
Overview of the Community Involvement Plan
This Community Involvement Plan (CIP) identifies issues of concern and interest to the
community potentially affected by the Safety Light Corporation Superfund Site (the Site, or SLC
Site) located in South Centre Township near Bloomsburg, Columbia County, Pennsylvania.
(Terms that are in bold and italic text are defined in the Glossary in Appendix C of this CIP.)
This CIP contains information from the files of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) Region 3 office, as well as information gathered by EPA during community interviews
and conversations with other interested parties and regulatory authorities.
The EPA will use the information in this CIP to help identify and address current matters of
concern and to review past community involvement efforts as the cleanup project progresses.
The CIP will also provide guidance to EPA staff and help to ensure that community needs are
addressed throughout the cleanup process.
The CIP is intended to:
• Encourage community interest and participation throughout EPA's involvement at
the Site.
• Initiate and support two-way communication between EPA and the community.
• Help ensure that community members understand the Superfund process and the
opportunities it offers them to participate in the decision-making process
regarding the Site cleanup.
This CIP was developed for the Safety Light Superfund Site under Contract Number EP-S3-04-
01 with EPA Region 3. EPA Region 3 is conducting activities at the Site under the guidelines of
the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), a
federal law passed in 1980 and commonly known as "Superfund;" the Superfund Amendments
and Reauthorization Act (SARA), enacted in 1986; and the National Oil and Hazardous
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP), revised in 1990.
Cleanup Responsibility: Federal and state regulatory authorities each have a role to play in
cleaning up hazardous waste sites. When EPA has the primary responsibility for Superfund
activities at a site, the state provides technical and regulatory guidance and support to EPA, as
needed. In some cases, the state takes the lead while EPA provides regulatory and technical
support. States are responsible for 10% of the cost of cleanup and they are expected to assume
responsibility for any required Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of cleanup technologies at
the end of the first year after cleanup construction is completed. For this site, EPA has the lead
authority for the cleanup, working with support from state agencies and the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission (NRC).
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SECTION 2
Community Involvement Plan Objectives
Throughout the investigation and cleanup of the Site, EPA will endeavor to keep community
members informed of and involved in the cleanup process. To do this, EPA may employ a
variety of tools and techniques, some of which are described in the next section. The specific
communication effort will be based on the level of community interest, identified community
issues and concerns, and the complexity and duration of the Site investigation and cleanup. The
level of participation sought by some communities or individual community members varies.
EPA encourages those who want a greater level of participation to consider forming a
Community Awareness Group (CAG) and/or applying for a Technical Assistance Grant (TAG).
See Appendices D and E for additional details on the TAG and CAG programs.
The Community Involvement Plan (CIP) for this Site is intended to provide general Superfund
program information to interested community members, as well as help them identify the many
participation opportunities and options available to them throughout the cleanup. The CIP is also
intended to be an information resource for EPA staff members assigned to the Site team. The
following community involvement objectives help to ensure that avenues of communication
between the EPA and the community are established and maintained. Objectives include:
• Provide timely, site-specific information to community members so that they
are able to participate in, or closely follow, Site-related activities to the
maximum extent they desire and the process allows.
• Provide a direct contact for community members by assigning a Community
Involvement Coordinator (CIC) for this site. The CIC will act as a liaison
between the community and the EPA.
• Provide opportunities for community input that are tailored to the needs and
concerns of the community.
• Help ensure community members are well informed so that they are
knowledgeable about Site activities and the Superfund process.
• Enhance communications between EPA and local officials to help ensure that
officials are informed of Site-related activities and that EPA benefits from the
officials' insights regarding the community and its concerns, the Site and its
history, and local regulatory issues.
• Enhance communications between EPA and the media to help ensure
reporters are provided timely information about Site-related activities and
events and are aware of Site-related pertinent topics.
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SECTION 3
Community Involvement Activities
By performing the following activities, EPA can help ensure that community members know
about the Superfund process and the actions taking place at the Site and that they area aware of
the opportunities for the community to participate in Site-related decisions. By providing
accurate information about the Site investigation and cleanup, EPA will enable interested parties
to make recommendations regarding the Site that are appropriate for their community.
• Assign an EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC)
A site-assigned CIC provides community members a direct link to EPA
Region 3 and acts as a liaison between EPA and the community. As a
member of EPA's Site Team, the CIC can often respond to inquiries as they
are received. Should an inquiry require specific information that the CIC does
not have, the CIC can obtain the information or refer the inquiry to an
appropriate specialist, such as the Remedial Project Manager (RPM) or
toxicologist assigned to the Site. Interested parties may contact the CIC at any
time, whenever questions or concerns arise, and the CIC will make every
effort to respond promptly and accurately to all inquiries. Trish Taylor is the
CIC for this site. She can be reached at (215) 814-5539 or 1-800-553-2509.
(See Appendix A for all related EPA contact information, including the
RPM.)
• Establish a toll-free hotline number for the public
EPA maintains a hotline for Superfund inquiries. The hotline can be used to
reach EPA or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR) employees located in the EPA Region 3 office. During working
hours, the Community Involvement staff may answer the hotline. When calls
are answered by an answering machine, callers should state which site they
are calling about in addition to leaving their names, phone numbers and the
reasons for their calls. Every effort will be made to return calls promptly.
The toll-free number is 1-800-553-2509.
• Prepare and distribute fact sheets to residents and interested parties
Fact sheets (also referred to as community updates or newsletters) are useful
when communicating with large groups of people about topics of common
interest. For example, fact sheets are helpful for explaining specific events
and issues, discussing and dispelling rumors, explaining relevant scientific or
technological data, or informing interested parties about progress or problems
related to the Site or the schedule of work. (See Attachments B and C for
example fact sheets.)
Fact sheets should be provided on an as-needed or annual basis. An annual
fact sheet should be considered when site activities are "invisible" to the
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community for long periods of time, as is the case when laboratory analyses
are being completed, data is being verified, reports are being written, or access
and other legal agreements are being negotiated.
• Develop a mailing (and contact) list
Mailing (and contact) lists are developed and maintained to facilitate
distribution of materials, such as fact sheets and meeting notices to interested
and potentially-affected community members. The lists also provide EPA a
quick reference to key community members, such as local officials and
community group leaders, in the event EPA wants to provide a timely notice
about unanticipated events, such as sudden media interest in site activities.
Local residents, local businesses, elected officials, and the media are routinely
included on mailing and contact lists. Community surveys and local tax maps
form the basis of most mailing lists, but the lists are revised to include those
who request to be added (or deleted) and those who provide their names and
addresses on meeting and event sign-in sheets or correspondence. EPA makes
every effort to protect the privacy of community residents, which includes
denying requests to share personal information, such as names, addresses and
individual residential sampling results, with non-government persons. The
mailing list will be periodically updated and revised throughout the course of
the cleanup. E-mail lists as well as U.S. Postal Service lists may be
maintained.
• Make site-related information, including data and documents, available
to community members locally
Information is always available to community members at EPA Region 3 in
Philadelphia. However, EPA must also make it available to local residents at
easily accessible locations, such as a local library or municipal building. The
available information may be in any one of several forms, including paper
copies, online (via the Internet), or CD-ROM, depending on the capabilities
and preferences of the local host facility. The information made available will
include documents comprising the Administrative Record File (AR), as well
as this CIP and other site-related documents. The Administrative Record File
is also posted on www.epa.gov/arweb.
The Bloomsburg Area Public Library, located in Bloomsburg, PA., has been
established as the local information repository host, and will maintain a site
file for public review. Some of the site file information is also posted on the
EPA website at: http://epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/PAD987295276.htm. (See
Appendix B for location and contact information for the EPA Region 3 Office
and the local repository, as well as how to access files from EPA's
Administrative Record website.)
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• Keep local officials informed about Site activities and developments
By keeping local officials abreast of the work schedule and Site-related
developments, EPA can promote a collaborative relationship to help ensure
that officials are able to respond knowledgeably to citizens' inquiries. When
local officials are informed, they can enhance the flow of accurate information
between EPA and concerned community members. (See Appendix A for
contact information for local officials.)
• Keep local media informed about Site activities
By distributing timely and accurate information to the local media, EPA can
minimize misinformation and speculation about Site-related risks and cleanup
activities. News releases, written materials, and direct phone calls are all
appropriate ways to provide information to media representatives. The media
should always be notified of public meetings and similar events and may be
offered opportunities to participate in news briefings or conduct interviews
with EPA officials. Upon request or when circumstances warrant, special
information sessions or news conferences can be useful to ensure that
complex situations are understood and can, thus, be accurately conveyed to
the public. Every effort will be made to address media inquiries quickly. (See
Appendix A for media contacts.)
• Conduct public meetings and/or public availability sessions
Public meetings are required when EPA is approaching a formal decision, and
they are recommended whenever project milestones are reached, such as the
start or finish of a remedial investigation. When conducted, public meetings
will be held at a convenient location during evening hours so that most
interested parties will be able to attend. Public availability sessions are less
structured than meetings. Generally, there are no formal presentations.
Instead, community members are invited to come at their convenience within
the set time frames and talk one-on-one with EPA and other experts associated
with the Site cleanup activities. Availability sessions may include afternoon
and evening hours so that interested parties can attend at their convenience.
• Place public notices in local publications
Public notices regarding required and elective activities will be placed in the
Press Enterprise. (See Appendix A for a list of all local media.) To ensure
the widest possible exposure, public notices about Superfund activities are
often run as retail display ads, rather than placed in the classified or legal-
notice sections. Public notices announce important Site-related developments,
public meetings and availability sessions, the release of Site-related
documents, or any other information of importance to the community at large.
• Hold public comment periods
Superfund law requires EPA to advertise and conduct public comment
periods at key points in the cleanup process, such as prior to making official
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cleanup decisions or significant changes to previously announced cleanup
decisions. Although there is no requirement that EPA conduct public
meetings during comment periods unless a request is received, EPA Region
3's policy is to do so. Meetings held during comment periods allow
community members to discuss EPA's rationale for proposed actions with
EPA and other regulatory authorities. At public meetings held within public
comment period time frames, community members may express their opinions
and concerns for inclusion in the official record without having to provide a
written statement to EPA. A stenographer transcribes all meetings held during
official comment periods and prepares an official transcript of the proceedings
for EPA's records. Those who do not attend the official meetings may still
submit their comments via regular mail or e-mail within the announced public
comment period time frames.
• Prepare Responsiveness Summaries
A responsiveness summary (RS) is a required part of the official cleanup
decision document, known as the Record of Decision (ROD). The RS
summarizes all substantive comments submitted to EPA during the comment
period and provides EPA's responses to them. EPA prepares the RS after the
public comment period closes.
• Promote information sources available through EPA
EPA provides various sources of information to assist community members in
understanding the Superfund process and Site-related activities. EPA
representatives may be contacted directly by phone, mail, or e-mail.
Information may also be accessed through the EPA websites at:
www.epa.gov/arweb and http://epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/PAD987295276.htm.
A toll-free hotline (1-800-553-2509) is available to call in questions or
concerns. Additionally, EPA has established a local repository to store Site-
related information and documents for public viewing. Contact information
and additional information resources will be included in all materials that are
distributed to community members. (See Appendices A and B for additional
information.)
• Provide Technical Assistance Grants (TAG)
EPA offers grants of up to $50,000 to communities affected by Superfund
sites. TAGs are made available to allow community groups to obtain
independent technical expertise to review EPA's documents and data on
behalf of the group and the community and to help them evaluate the work
that EPA has done. (See Appendix E for more information on the TAG.)
• Provide support for Community Advisory Groups (CAGs)
CAGs are community-lead groups that are intended to represent and include
all interested members of the community, including representatives of the
Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs). By meeting regularly to discuss the
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cleanup and the community's issues and concerns, CAGs often help to keep
the community informed and involved in the cleanup process. CAGs can also
provide valuable information to EPA and to local governments concerning the
future use of Superfund properties and the communities' collective long-term
goals. Although these groups are not funded by EPA, EPA can assist
interested community members to form CAGs and can also provide support
services to the groups, such as assistance with production and mailing of
newsletters they develop. (See Appendix F for more information.)
• Provide information about the Superfund Job Training Initiative
(Super JTI)
The Super JTI program is designed to provide job training for residents living
near Superfund sites, particularly residents in disadvantaged communities.
EPA has partnered with the National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences (NIEHS) to support pre-employment training and classroom
instruction. SuperJTI is a valuable program that can enhance community
involvement and benefit the local economy. SuperJTI can help residents gain
career job skills and may provide an employment base for Superfund site
cleanup contractors. (See Appendix G for more information on this program.)
• Revise Community Involvement Plan as needed
Superfund projects can take several years to complete. It is important that the
CIP is periodically updated to reflect changing concerns of the community as
the Site cleanup progresses. The CIP contact list should be revised whenever
elections result in a change in elected officials or when personnel changes
affect non-elected official contacts. This is the first CIP for this site.
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TABLE 1
Summary of Community Involvement Activities
Activity
Summary
Designate a Community
Involvement Coordinator (CIC) to
handle site inquiries.
Trish Taylor has been named the CIC for this site.
Prepare and distribute fact sheets to
residents and interested parties.
EPA has begun and will continue to prepare fact
sheets as new information arises and to announce
Site-related events.
Maintain information repositories in
the local area.
EPA has established a local repository (Bloomsburg
Public Library) and will continue to update the Site
file as new information becomes available.
Keep local officials of South Centre
and Scott Townships, and Columbia
County informed about Site
activities.
EPA will communicate with officials to discuss
significant events at the Site or changes in the
cleanup schedule.
Keep local media informed about
Site activities.
EPA will notify media of Site-related events and
meetings.
Conduct public meetings and public
availability sessions.
EPA will hold meetings and/or public availability
sessions at various stages of the Superfund process
and as requested by community members.
Place public notices in local
publications.
Notices will be placed in the Press Enterprise to
announce public meetings and the release of Site-
related documents.
Hold public meeting and public
comment period regarding the
Proposed Remedial Action Plan
(PRAP)
EPA will hold a meeting and a comment period
following the release of the PRAP.
Prepare a Responsiveness Summary
(RS).
EPA will prepare a RS following the comment
period.
Promote information sources
available through EPA.
EPA will promote the information repository,
Internet resources, and any public meetings
throughout the Superfund process.
Revise Community Involvement
Plan.
EPA will revise the CIP at various phases of the
Superfund process as needed.
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SECTION 4
EPA Background
4.1 Superfund Programs
Superfund cleanups are very complex and require the efforts of many experts from numerous
disciplines. Experts in various sciences, engineering, construction, public health, management,
law, community and media relations, and numerous other fields will be called upon to
participate. The Superfund program is managed by the EPA in cooperation with individual
states and tribal governments. Superfund locates, investigates, and cleans up hazardous waste
sites and responds to hazardous materials emergencies and the threat of hazardous materials
releases. (See Attachment A for a flowchart that depicts the Superfund process.) An example of
a threat of release is an abandoned or poorly maintained facility where hazardous substances are
stored in deteriorating or inappropriate containers and are unprotected from vandalism, and/or
the facility is without emergency response capabilities, such as alarms or fire suppression
systems.
Superfund is a federal program. It was created in 1980 under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), which was amended in 1986 by the
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA). Superfund is guided by the National
Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP). The NCP outlines the
procedures that EPA must follow when investigating or addressing a release of hazardous
materials into the environment. Under CERCLA, EPA has the authority to:
• Prevent, control, or address actual or possible releases of hazardous substances.
• Require parties responsible for environmental contamination to conduct or pay
for cleanup.
• Provide funding for cleanup activities when money is not available from
responsible parties.
Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs) currently fund about 70% of all Superfund cleanups
nationwide and frequently conduct cleanup activities under EPA supervision. Funding for the
remaining site cleanups has, historically, come from a Trust Fund (a.k.a. the Superfund)
established by Congress with revenue from a tax levied on the chemical and petroleum
industries. However, EPA's authority to collect the tax expired in 1995 and fund monies are
being depleted. Since the tax expired in 1995, Congress has not reauthorized it. EPA does not
have the authority to reinstate this tax.
EPA currently funds cleanup actions with what monies remain in the Trust Fund, as well as with
monies from other sources, such as general revenue funds and funds which become available
when other funded projects are delayed, discontinued, or completed under budget. Careful
prioritization of cleanup projects ensures that all sites that pose a significant risk to human health
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or the environment will continue to be funded for the foreseeable future. As always, EPA will
continue to seek reimbursement of cleanup costs from polluters whenever possible.
Identifying Sites for Cleanup
EPA investigates hazardous waste sites throughout the U.S. and U.S. Territories. A Preliminary
Assessment!Site Inspection (PA/SI) is performed at each site to determine whether hazardous
contaminants pose a significant risk to human health or the environment, such that additional
investigation or cleanup is needed.
Each site is evaluated using the Hazard Ranking System (HRS). The HRS is a measurement
tool that calculates a site-specific score based on the potential for a hazardous substance to reach
a receptor. It is a numerically-based screening system that uses information from the PA/SI to
assess the relative potential of a site to pose a threat to human health or the environment. Part of
the HRS calculation considers exposure pathways. EPA places sites with an HRS score of 28.50
or higher on the National Priorities List (NPL). HRS scores do not determine the priority in
funding EPA remedial activities nor the ranking place of a site on the NPL.
Selecting and Implementing a Cleanup Plan
After a site is placed on the NPL, EPA performs a Remedial Investigation (RI) and a Feasibility
Study (FS). The RI identifies the types, concentrations, and extent of contamination and defines
subsurface conditions at the site. A risk assessment is then performed to determine the threat
these findings pose to human health and the environment. The risk assessment is incorporated
into the RI report. The FS considers the physical characteristics of the site and evaluates
possible cleanup technologies that could be used to control, remove, or reduce the contamination
identified by the RI. Information from these studies is used to develop several possible cleanup
alternatives that could be used at the site.
After comparing the alternatives, EPA will recommend the cleanup method believed to be the
best for the site in a Proposed Remedial Action Plan (Proposed Plan or PRAP). A 30-day public
comment period begins when the PRAP is released to the public. The community is asked to
review the plan and offer comments on EPA's proposed actions. All pertinent comments
received during the comment period must be considered by EPA before a final decision is made.
After reviewing the community's comments, EPA will prepare a Responsiveness Summary (RS)
to summarize the comments received, as well as EPA's responses. The summary is attached to
the document that records the cleanup alternative selected by EPA for the site. This document is
called a Record of Decision (ROD).
Implementing EPA's Cleanup Decision
When a ROD is signed, EPA must decide whether to conduct the next steps itself or to seek
cooperation from PRPs. If financially-viable PRPs are available, EPA may negotiate their
participation in the Remedial Design and Remedial Action. Remedial Design refers to the
period when a work plan is written, and drawings and specifications are developed for the
cleanup alternative selected by the ROD. This period can take several months depending on the
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complexity of the design and other factors, such as the need to conduct pilot studies, obtain
permits, or conclude legal negotiations. When the Remedial Design is completed and approved,
the Remedial Action may begin. Remedial Action refers to the actual work that will turn the
cleanup design into a reality. Some typical activities that are conducted during remedial actions
include fence and field office installation, vegetation clearing, well drilling and installation,
general construction, and earth-moving activities. EPA may seek reimbursement from the PRPs
for the cost of any work performed by EPA at any time during the cleanup process.
When the Remedial Action is completed, Operation and Maintenance (O&M) will begin, unless
all contaminants have been removed from the site. In addition to site-specific O&M and routine
monitoring, sites are thoroughly reviewed by EPA every five years, to ensure the remedy is
operating as planned, that it remains protective of human health and the environment, and that it
is in compliance with any Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements (ARARs).
Once a site is listed on the NPL, it will remain a Superfund site even after the cleanup is
completed, until the site is formally deleted from the list. A site can be removed from the NPL
only after the cleanup goals established for it have been reached and confirmed and EPA certifies
that the cleanup is complete. When this point is reached, EPA must publish a Notice of Intention
to Delete (NOID) a site in the Federal Register. The notice will also be published in one or more
local newspapers, announcing the NOID and the public comment period regarding the NOID.
4.2 Site-Related EPA Groups
EPA has ten regional offices across the nation and a headquarters located in Washington, D.C.
Each regional office has both community involvement and technical staff involved in Superfund
site cleanups. EPA Region 3 is comprised of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, West
Virginia and Washington D.C. The EPA Region 3 office is located in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. It houses several different offices and branches that work on a number of
hazardous waste sites. Descriptions of EPA offices involved in the Site follow.
Hazardous Site Cleanup Division (HSCD)
HSCD oversees the Superfund program. HSCD focuses on emergency response, risk
determination and stabilization, and long-term cleanup of hazardous materials that pose a threat
to human health and the environment. These threats frequently result from abandonment of
facilities or materials; improper operating procedures or disposal practices; or accidents that
occur while handling, transporting, or storing hazardous materials. The HSCD is comprised of
six offices: Office of Superfund Site Remediation; Office of Preparedness and Response; Office
of Brownfields and Outreach; Office of Enforcement; Office of Federal Facility Remediation and
Site Assessment; and Office of Technical and Administrative Support.
Within the HSCD, the two main personnel assigned to a site are the On-Scene Coordinator
(OSC) and the Remedial Project Manager (RPM). The OSC handles the emergency response
actions at a site, while the RPM handles the activities related to the long-term cleanup. The
RPM is located within the Office of Superfund Site Remediation and the OSC is located within
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the Office of Preparedness and Response. The RPM and the OSC draw on the other branches in
the organization to accomplish the goals of the Superfund program.
Office of Superfund Site Remediation (Region 3)
This office oversees long-term investigations and cleanup work at Superfund sites and also
maintains cooperative relationships with state agencies. Office staff includes RPMs. RPMs are
responsible for overseeing the cleanup process at individually assigned Superfund sites. Each
RPM is responsible for coordinating the work of internal and external site team members and
overseeing the work of EPA and PRP consultants and contractors. RPMs also develop PRAPs,
RODs, and RSs, as well as other documents, as needed. (See Appendix A of this CIP for the
contact information for the assigned RPM.)
Office of Preparedness and Response (Region 3)
EPA's Office of Preparedness and Response includes OSCs, Site Assessment Managers (SAMs),
and Contracting and Field Administrative Specialists. This office responds to emergencies
involving hazardous materials and biologicals. Some typical emergencies include:
transportation accidents, pipeline breaks, fires, and explosions involving hazardous compounds.
This office is responsible for operating and maintaining the Regional Response Center, providing
a 24-hour emergency spill notification network to facilitate regional response activities relating
to reported oil and hazardous material spills, incidents and/or accidents. The office performs
time-critical removal actions when circumstances require immediate action to protect public
health or the environment from releases of hazardous materials that have already occurred or
may occur at any time. One example of a time-critical situation is routine water sampling that
reveals high levels of contamination that pose unacceptable risks from short-term exposures.
Another example is a facility inspection that reveals a facility that either contains hazardous
materials and is in danger of physical collapse or employs such negligent materials handling and
storage practices that a hazardous release is very likely to happen. OSCs conduct removal
actions and oversee stabilization efforts at sites on the NPL until an interim or long-term cleanup
method can be implemented. SAMs conduct preliminary site assessments, develop HRS scores,
and recommend sites for the NPL. Contracting and Field Administrative Specialists manage
site-related expenditures and contracts.
Office of Brownfields and Outreach (Region 3)
Under this office, the Community Involvement and Outreach Branch manages communication
activities and Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests regarding Superfund sites. This
branch helps gauge the interests and concerns of each community near a site on an individual
basis. Based upon the community's input, EPA develops a Community Involvement Plan (CIP)
to enhance communication between community members and EPA and to facilitate community
involvement throughout the cleanup process. EPA works to inform and involve residents, public
officials, media representatives, local businesses, PRPs, community groups, and stakeholders in
the Superfund cleanup process. To facilitate this process, EPA assigns a Community
Involvement Coordinator (CIC) for each site. (See Appendix A for the contact information of
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the CIC for this site.) The Brownfields and Land Revitalization Branch awards and manages
grants to selected Brownfields pilot sites and manages the region's land revitalization program.
Office of Enforcement (Region 3)
This office oversees all of the enforcement programs for the Superfund, Oil and Emergency
Planning and Community Right-to-Know programs in the region and consists of two branches.
The Cost Recovery Branch's main responsibility is to recuperate Superfund money spent on sites
by managing the cost recovery program and by providing enforcement and administrative
support to the other program offices by conducting PRP searches, preparing administrative
enforcement actions, and providing support to EPA's Office of Regional Counsel for litigation.
The second branch of this office is the Oil and Prevention Branch, which is responsible for
regulatory enforcement authorities as well as ensuring that the notification and reporting
requirements for storage and/or releases of hazardous substances by facilities are done in
accordance with the law.
Office of Federal Facility Remediation and Site Assessment (Region 3)
Similar to the Office of Superfund Site Remediation, this office performs oversight of site
investigations and cleanups at federal facilities and/or previously owned federal facilities in the
Region under the Superfund program. That includes NPL and non-NPL sites. An example of a
federal facility is a former military base or other government-owned property. The office is also
responsible for federal facility hazardous waste site assessments, investigations of potential
federal facility Superfund sites, and hazard ranking of federal facility sites for the NPL.
Office of Technical and Administrative Support (Region 3)
This office provides a wide range of information management services as well as scientific and
technical support to the Superfund program. The office is comprised of technical staff, including
database experts, toxicologists, hydrologists, geologists, and other scientists, having both broad
and specialized expertise in the environmental sciences. It also includes specialists in contracts
management, involving state and interagency agreements; and budget oversight, including
managing the Superfund intramural and extramural budgets.
4.3 The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
ATSDR is an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. It was created in
1980 under CERCLA to prevent adverse human health effects and diminished quality of life
associated with environmental pollution. ATSDR is not a regulatory agency like EPA. It is a
public health agency that advises EPA on the health effects associated with exposure to
hazardous materials. ATSDR is required, under Superfund law, to become involved with all
sites proposed to the NPL. Specifically, ATSDR conducts public health assessments of and/or
health consultations with NPL site (or proposed NPL site) communities.
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4.4 State Role
Superfund cleanups require EPA and states to work together. In most cases, EPA is the lead
regulatory agency conducting cleanups, but states may choose to take the lead. Typically,
however, states provide support to EPA by bringing their technical expertise and resources to
bear and providing regulatory guidance. In addition, states are responsible for 10% of the cost of
the cleanup, and for O&M of cleanup technologies in place after the cleanup construction is
completed. The state agency cooperating in the cleanup of this Site is the Pennsylvania
Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP). (See Appendix A for contact information
for the state representative for this site.)
Pennsylvania Department of Health (PADOH) is the state health agency associated with this
Site. EPA and ATSDR consult with state health authorities on Site-related health matters, as
needed, to keep each entity informed of issues that may be of concern to local residents. (See
Appendix A for contact information.)
4.5 Local Role
South Centre and Scott Townships and Columbia County
EPA has been and will continue to consult with South Centre Township and Columbia County
officials during the cleanup process to ensure that cleanup activities are conducted in accordance
with local ordinances. Also, due to the Site's proximity to the South Centre and Scott Township
borders, EPA has and would like to continue to extend its information-sharing to include
officials from neighboring Scott Township. The township and county officials can provide EPA
with information concerning the operating history of sites and regulatory issues, as well as
community concerns and demographics. They also may act as a conduit of information to
concerned community members who may contact them for site-related news and updates. (See
Appendix A for contact information for local officials.)
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SECTION 5
Site Background
5.1 Site Description
Safety Light Corporation (SLC) is located in South Centre Township near Bloomsburg, in
Columbia County, Pennsylvania. The 10-acre SLC property is bounded on the north by Old
Berwick Road, on the east and west by residential areas, and on the south by the North Branch of
the Susquehanna River.
5.2 Site History
From the 1940s to the 1960s, manufacturing at the property used several radionuclides. Radium
was the most widely used radionuclide at the Site. Prior to 1980, activities involving radium-
226 and most other radionuclides ceased, leaving tritium as the only radionuclide used in the
manufacturing of self-illuminating watch dials, instruments, and other products. Waste
generated at the Site includes solid and liquid waste streams contaminated with radioactive
materials, including radium-226, strontium-90, cesium-137, and tritium. These activities have
been regulated under the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). (For more information, on
radionuclides, visit EPA's website at: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclides/index.html.)
Several sampling investigations and environmental assessments have been conducted at the Site,
including many evaluations conducted by the Safety Light Corporation (SLC), the current
owners, for property characterization. In 1981, the NRC conducted an environmental survey of
the SLC property, during which on-site monitoring wells were found to contain tritium above the
baseline water samples and strontium-90 above NRC guideline levels in unrestricted areas.
Elevated levels of radium-226, cesium-137, and strontium-90 were also found in on-site surface
and subsurface soils.
SLC was required by the NRC to begin remediating radiological waste disposed in the two on-
site underground silos. The NRC requested EPA's assistance for the cleanup of the property
because SLC had insufficient funds to complete this remediation project and proceed with any
other cleanup actions. EPA evaluated the Site for inclusion on the NPL and the Site was listed in
April 2005.
5.3 Site Contamination
Activities at the Site have resulted in radioactive contamination of soil and groundwater. EPA
will also conduct an investigation of surface water and sediment to determine if contamination is
present. Analyses of groundwater collected on-site have indicated the presence of radionuclides
at concentrations that are elevated. The groundwater currently discharges into the Susquehanna
River. The on-site soil and groundwater is contaminated with various radioactive isotopes
including radium, strontium 90, and tritium. Groundwater contamination as a result of SLC's
activities has migrated beyond the property boundary. However, EPA has been sampling nearby
17
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residential wells and to date, there has been no evidence of contamination that exceeds federal
drinking water standards.
5.4 EPA Actions to Date
EPA is currently conducting a removal action at the SLC property. The scope of the removal
action is to characterize and dispose of various containers of radioactive waste currently stored
on-site. The containers are awaiting shipment to an approved off-site radioactive waste disposal
facility. EPA has also begun the remedial investigation by collecting residential water samples
at adjacent residences. EPA collected groundwater samples throughout the summer of 2005. In
addition to collecting groundwater samples, EPA is installing additional monitoring wells to
determine the extent of groundwater contamination.
EPA respects the privacy of property owners and considers personal information, such as
specific names and addresses and test results as confidential. However, the overall sampling
results can be shared with the community and interested parties. To date, all residential well
water tested has met federal Safe Drinking Water Act standards. With property owners'
permission, EPA will continue to monitor residential wells throughout the remedial investigation
to help ensure the safety of their drinking water supply.
This section of the Community Involvement Plan (CIP) is the most dynamic. The cleanup
actions noted here are current at the time of publication. As work on-site progresses, updates
will be posted online at: http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/PAD987295276/index.htm.
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SECTION 6
Community Background
6.1 Community Profile
The Site is located in South Centre Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania. South Centre
Township was founded in 1923, is 5.3 square miles, and has an estimated population of 1,972.
According to the 2000 U.S. Census, the approximate racial breakdowns are:
99% White
.2% Black
.3% Asian
.1% American Indian/Alaskan Native
.1% Some Other Race
1.1% Hispanic (of any race)
The approximate age breakdown is as follows:
Under 5 years 5%
Ages 5-19 19.3%
20-24 4.7%
25-44 29.1%
45-64 26.5%
65-84 14.2%
85 and over 1.1%
There are 822 households in South Centre Township with approximately 2.39 persons per
household. The median value of owner-occupied housing units is $91,000. The median
household income is $34,764. About 75% of the population over 25 years of age have graduated
from high school and about 13.3% hold a bachelor's or higher degree.
Nearly 67% of people over the age of 16 living in South Centre Township are employed. Of
those people that are employed, 81.3% commute to work with an average travel time of about 19
minutes. Almost 32% of the employed residents have occupations in production, transportation,
and material moving occupations, about 28% are employed in sales and office occupations, and
about 19% are in management and professional occupations. The largest industry in the area is
manufacturing.
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TABLE 2
Community Interview Responses
Community Interviews were conducted with residents regarding the Site on May 26, 2005 and
June 22 and 23, 2005. EPA spoke with 18 individuals at 13 households and five local elected
officials. The questions each participant was asked is listed in a table below. Sometimes, a
participant provided more than one answer to a question. Other times, he or she did not provide
an answer to a question. Because of this, the numbers in the "Frequency of Response" column
may not always equal 18, as they would if there was one response per person for every question.
The responses from all participants to the questions are presented below in Table 2. A more
detailed discussion of the interviews follows in Section 6.2.
Quest ion
Response
Krequencv of
Response
1. How long have you lived in
• Less than 5 years
• 1
the community?
• 6-15 years
• 3
• 16-25 years
• 2
• 26-35 years
• 0
• 36-45 years
• 6
• 46-55 years
• 3
• 56 years or more
• 2
2. What do you think is the most
• The Safety Light Site
• 9
important environmental problem
• Other environmental cleanup
• 4
facing your community?
sites in the area
• Sewage issues
• 2
• Not sure
• 2
• Water quality
• 1
• Wetland issues
• 1
• Flooding
• 1
• Climate change
• 1
3. How sensitive is this
• 1
• 2
community (this area) to
• 2
• 0
environmental issues (or
• 3
• 1
problems) on a scale of 1 to 10?
• 4
• 1
(l=not sensitive, 10=very
• 5
• 4
sensitive)
• 6
• 0
• 7
• 8
• 1
• 5
• 9
• 0
• 10
• 1
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4. What organizations or
• Pennsylvania Department of
• 5
individuals do you consider to be
Environmental Protection
most credible (most expertise)
• EPA
• 4
when it comes to environmental
• Not sure
• 4
issues?
• County Conservation District
• 3
• Townships
• 2
• Army Corps of Engineers
• 1
• Nature Conservancy
• 1
• Game Commission
• 1
• National Resources Defense
• 1
Council
• Health Physics Officer at
• 1
former US Radium Company
• Masons
• 1
5. What is your understanding of
• Some basic knowledge
• 8
the Site's operations, history
• Good or very good
• 6
and/or environmental situation?
understanding
• Little to no knowledge
• 4
6. What specific concerns do you
• Migration/containment of
• 7
have about the Site?
contamination
• Amount and type of
• 5
contamination present
• Health issues
• 4
• No concerns
• 4
• Security/safety issues
• 3
• Radioactivity
• 3
• Property values
• 1
• Effects of flooding
• 1
• Aesthetics of Site
• 1
7. How would you like to be
• Would like to attend meetings
• 5
involved in future Site-related
• Would like information mailed
• 4
activities?
• Do not need to be involved
• 4
• Would like to participate in
• 2
Community Advisory Group
• Would like to do a Site tour
• 1
• Could provide information
• 1
related to past Site activities
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8. Do you participate in any civic
organizations? If so, which
one(s)?
• None
• Local government
• Masons
• Girl Scouts/Boy Scouts
• Volunteer work
• Church groups
• School Board
• Elks Club
• Moose Lodge
• American Legion
• Jaycees
• 6
• 5
• 3
• 2
• 2
• 1
• 1
• 1
• 1
• 1
• 1
9. Who do you consider to be
leaders in the community?
• Local officials
• Individual community
members
• Not sure
• School board officials
• Civic groups
• Church ministers
• 12
• 4
• 3
• 2
• 2
• 1
10. What are the predominant
languages spoken in the
community?
• English
• 18
11. Do you know of any residents
in the community that may need
special considerations?
• No
• Elderly/home-bound
• Blindness
• Handicapped
• Deafness
• 7
• 6
• 2
• 2
• 1
12. How familiar are you with
the Superfund process on a scale
of 1 to 5? (l=not at all, 5=very
familiar)
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5
• 13
• 1
• 5
• 1
• 1
13. How familiar are you with
the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency on a scale of 1
to 5? (l=not at all, 5=very
familiar)
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5
• 7
• 3
• 4
• 3
• 1
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14. In your opinion, how does the
• Neutral (i.e., residents view the
• 10
public (people in your
involvement with caution but
community) typically perceive
are not unhappy)
(feel about) the presence of
• Not sure
• 5
federal and state regulatory
• Positive (i.e., residents are glad
• 5
agencies in the area?
to have the agencies involved)
• Negative (i.e., residents do not
• 2
want the agencies involved)
15. What is your opinion of the
• Positive (i.e., residents believe
• 12
government's commitment to
government is committed)
cleaning up the hazardous waste
• Not sure
• 3
at the Site?
• Neutral (i.e., residents hope
• 3
that the government will stick
to its commitment)
• Negative (i.e., residents
• 3
believe government takes too
long to do anything)
16. What contacts (experiences)
• No contact
• 11
have you had with government
• Contact at Public Meeting
• 4
officials about the Site?
17. How often do you want to
• Only when something
• 10
receive information about cleanup
significant happens
activities?
• Quarterly
• 7
• Monthly
• 1
18. What type of information
• Cleanup progress/status
• 9
regarding the Site do you want or
• Cleanup activities timeline
• 6
need?
• General findings (i.e., what
• 6
contamination is found and at
what levels)
• Safety issues
• 4
• Any problems or changes in
• 4
schedule
• Disposal information
• 3
• Cleanup costs
• 2
• Health information
• 1
• Property value information
• 1
• Legal issues
• 1
19. What would be the best way
• Fact sheets or newsletters
• 13
for EPA to provide you with
• Articles in newspaper
• 3
information concerning Site
• E-mails
• 2
activities?
• Faxes
• 2
• Website
• 1
• Radio
• 1
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20a. Have you received fact
• Yes
• 15
sheets in the mail from EPA?
• No
• 1
• Not Sure
• 1
20b. Did you find the
• The fact sheet was fine, no
• 13
information easy to understand?
improvements suggested
(Is there anything we can do to
• Try to use more simple
• 2
improve on format and content?)
language and laymen's terms
• Try to use less acronyms, or
• 1
include a glossary
• Try to include more visuals
• 1
21. So far, how or where have
• Newspaper
• 14
you received most of your
• EPA mailings
• 8
information about the Site?
• Former employees
• 2
• Television
• 2
• Public meeting
• 1
• Website
• 1
• Word-of-mouth
• 1
22a. What newspaper(s) do you
• Press Enterprise
• 16
read for local news?
• Danville News
• 1
• Daily Item
• 1
• Times Leader
• 1
22b. What television station do
• WNEP Channel 16
• 11
you watch for local news?
• WBRE Channel 28
• 6
• WYOU Channel 22
• 2
• Do not watch television
• 1
22c. What radio station do you
• WHLM 930 AM
• 10
listen to for local news?
• Do not listen to radio
• 7
• 106.5 FM
• 3
• WFYY
• 2
• WKAB
• 1
• WCNR
• 1
• Froggy 101
• 1
23. Where would be the best
• Central Columbia Schools
• 11
location for public meetings or
• Lime Ridge Community
• 7
availability sessions?
Center
• Local fire halls
• 3
• Local churches
• 2
• Township buildings
• 2
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24. Where would be the best
• Bloomsburg Public Library
• 8
location for an information
• Township buildings
• 5
repository?
• Lime Ridge Community
• 3
Center
• Local fire halls
• 2
• Local churches
• 1
• Local senior center
• 1
25. Do you know of anyone else
• Yes, provided name(s)
• 11
we should contact to be a part of
• No
• 5
this survey?
26. Would you like to add any
• No
• 9
other information you think EPA
• Yes, provided additional
• 8
should know about the Site or the
information
community surrounding the Site?
27. Do you, or anyone you know,
• No
• 18
collect any of the old instrument
• Yes
• 0
dials or other products from the
Site?
6.2 Community Interests and Concerns
EPA announced its intent to conduct community interviews in a fact sheet distributed in May
2005. The announcement stated the interviews would begin in June 2005 and invited interested
residents to contact the CIC if they would like to participate. EPA also contacted by phone
approximately 30 residents who lived nearest the site, officials from the two neighboring
townships, and officials from the county and asked if they would like to participate in the
interviews. Of the 18 people who participated, the majority of the interviews were conducted
either at the interviewees' homes or places of work.
During the community interview process, EPA had the opportunity to discuss the Site, its current
environmental status and any interests and/or concerns that residents and officials may have.
One of the residents interviewed was a former employee of the former facility at the Site, four
residents had relatives who had worked at the former facility at the Site, and one resident had
lived near the Site his entire life. These residents had a very good understanding of the Site
history and current environmental situation. The others who had some basic knowledge of the
Site had gained information mostly through living near the Site and local newspaper articles.
Most people were not very familiar with the Site's operations or with EPA and its Superfund
program.
EPA found that most of the residents who had lived near the Site for over 30 years seemed less
concerned about the Site and its current environmental status. The residents who had lived there
for fewer than 30 years had several questions about the Site and greater concern for potential
health issues. The most common topics of concern were related to the amount of contamination
on-site, potential health effects of the contamination (specifically cancer and thyroid conditions),
whether the contamination had migrated off-site, the effects of the contamination on the river,
25
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and how disrupting the Site during cleanup would effect contamination. A couple of the
residents living closest to the Site were concerned for safety issues regarding the cleanup and
how they would be notified in the event of an emergency. One resident wanted to know why the
federal government was just now getting involved with the cleanup of the Site when
contamination had been discovered many years prior.
During the portion of the interview when residents were asked if they had any additional
information to add, EPA received several responses. A couple residents mentioned a study that
had been conducted at the Site 10 to 15 years ago by European scientists and indicated that they
would be interested to know what the study was for and what they found. One resident said that
a toy factory used to operate on the Site property. One resident noted that there were a lot of
rumors concerning the Site and suggested that EPA publish a Question and Answer fact sheet to
dispel some of these rumors.
Overall, there seems to be a medium to high level of interest in the Safety Light Site and the
cleanup. The residents seem glad that EPA is involved in the cleanup and hope that its
commitment to the Site will be honored. Most residents liked the current method of
disseminating information - fact sheets - and indicated they would like to receive them when
something significant happens or on a quarterly basis. It was suggested that future fact sheets
could include proposed cleanup activities and a visual timeline for the cleanup progress.
Suggested issues that could be highlighted in future fact sheets include the results of EPA
investigations, safety plans, where the contamination will be moved to and disposed of, and how
disturbing the contamination will affect the residents. Because it appears so many of the
residents received information from the newspaper, EPA will make efforts to work closely with
the newspaper to ensure that accurate and up-to-date information is published. EPA should also
work closely with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) as well as
the Pennsylvania Department of Health (PADOH) to respond to the health concerns of the
residents.
6.3 Summary of Community Interview Responses
Following is a brief summary of the community interview responses, highlighting the key issues:
• EPA interviewed 18 community members.
• The community's preferred method of receiving information is through fact sheets.
• The community's preferred frequency of information is quarterly mailings or whenever
something significant occurs.
• The community's preferred topics of information include cleanup activities/progress,
cleanup timeline, health and safety issues, levels of contamination, extent of
contamination, and proper disposal locations.
• The local newspaper has been a major source of Site-related information for many
residents.
• Long-time residents seem more familiar with/less concerned about the Site compared to
newer residents in the area.
• Overall, the average level of interest seems to be moderate to high throughout the
community.
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APPENDIX A
List of Contacts
A.1 Federal Elected Officials
Arlen Specter
U.S. Senator
711 Hart Senate Office Building
Washington, D.C. 20510
(202) 224-4254
(202) 228-1229 fax
600 Arch Street, #9400
Philadelphia, PA 19106
(215) 597-7200
(215) 597-0406 fax
Rick Santorum
U.S. Senator
511 Dirksen Senate Office Building
Washington, D.C. 20510-3804
(202) 224-6324
(202) 228-0604 fax
Landmarks Bldg
100 W. Station Square Drive, Suite 250
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
(412) 562-0533
(412) 562-4313 fax
Paul Kanjorski
U.S. Representative
2188 Rayburn House Office Building
Washington, D.C. 20515-3811
(202) 225-6511
(202) 225-0764 fax
7 North Wilkes-Barre Boulevard
Wilkes-Barre, PA 18702
(570) 825-2200
(570) 825-8685 fax
A.2 State Elected Officials
Edward Rendell
Governor of Pennsylvania
225 Main Capitol Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120
(717) 787-2500
(717) 772-8284 fax
1001 G Street, NW, Suite 400 E
Washington, D.C. 20001
(202)638-3730
(202) 638-3516 fax
John Gordner
State Senator
B-48 Main Capitol Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120-3027
(717) 787-8928
(717) 783-9715 fax
603 West Main Street
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570)784-3464
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David Millard
State Representative
6 East Wing 904 B Orange Street
Harrisburg, PA 17120-2020 Berwick, PA 18603
(717)783-1102 (570)759-8734
(717) 772-0094 fax (570) 759-4527
A.3 Local Officials
South Centre Township
6260 4th Street
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570) 784-7718
(570) 784-4993 fax
Contact: Gerald Young, Secretary
Scott Township
350 Tenny Street
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570)784-9114
(570) 387-8748 fax
Contact: Eric C. Stahley, Secretary
Township Supervisors
James Knorr
Frank Yorty
Frank Baker
Township Supervisors
Jeffrey A. Dawson, Sr.
Frederick D. Ackerman, Jr.
William Hafner
Richard W. Kocher
Olin Shotwell
Columbia County
County Courthouse
P.O. Box 380
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570) 389-5600
(570) 784-0257 fax
Contact: Linda Bower, Secretary
Columbia County Commissioners
William Soberick
David Kovach
Chris Young
A.4 U.S. EPA Region 3 Officials
Trish Taylor
Community Involvement Coordinator
U.S. EPA Region 3
1650 Arch Street-3HS52
Philadelphia, PA 19103
(215)814-5539
tavlor.trish@epa.gov
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Linda Dietz
Remedial Project Manager
U.S. EPA Region 3
1650 Arch Street-3HS21
Philadelphia, PA 19103
(215) 814-3195
dietz.linda@epa.gov
Dennis Matlock
On-Scene Coordinator
U.S. EPA Region 3
Wheeling Operations Office
303 Methodist Building
11th and Chapline Streets
Wheeling, WV
(304) 234-0284
matlock.dennis@epa.gov
Amelia Libertz
TAG/CAG Coordinator
U.S. EPA Region 3
1650 Arch St-3HS52
Philadelphia, PA 19103
(215) 814-5522
libertz.amelia@epa.gov
Stacie Driscoll
Governmental Affairs
U.S. EPA Region 3
1650 Arch St. -3HS13
Philadelphia, PA 19103
(215) 814-3368
dri scoll. stacie@epa. gov
Superfund Hotline: 1-800-553-2509
A.5 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
Charles (Bucky) Walters, Senior Regional Representative
1650 Arch St-3HS00
Philadelphia, PA 19103
(215) 814-3139
walters.bucky@epa.gov
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A.6 Pennsylvania Departments of Environmental Protection and
Health
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
Larry Newcomer
Northcentral Regional Office
208 West Third Street, Suite 101
Williamsport, PA 17701-6448
(570) 327-0549
(570) 327-3565 fax
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Radiation Protection
Robert Maiers
Rachel Carson State Office Building
P.O. Box 8649
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8469
(717) 783-8979
Pennsylvania Department of Health
Barbara Allerton
P.O. Box 90
Health and Welfare Building
Harrisburg, PA 17108
(717) 346-3284
1-877-PA-HEALTH
ballerton@state.pa.us
A.7 Media
* Most frequent responses from the Community Interviews.
Newspapers
Press Enterprise *
3185 Lackawanna Avenue
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570) 752-3645
Advertising Contact: Hollie Helwig, (800) 228-3483, ext. 1626, or hollie.h@pressenterprise.net
News Contact: Michael Lester, reporter (570) 387-1234, or mike.l@pressenterprise.net
Daily Item
200 Market Street
Sunbury, PA 17801
(570) 286-5671
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Times Leader
251 S Church Street
Hazleton, PA 18201
(570) 459-2005
Danville News
14 East Mahoning Street
Danville, PA 17821
(570) 275-3235
Radio Stations
WHIM 930 AM*
105 W Main Street
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570) 784-1200
Advertising Contact: Nancy Reilly, (570) 784-1200, or nancv@whlm.com
WFYY
246 W Main Street
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570) 784-5500
Television Stations
WNEP*
16 Montage Mountain Road
Moosic, PA 18701
(570)826-1616
Public Service Bulletin Board: www.wnep.com/Global/link.asp?L=64468
WERE
62 S Franklin Street
Wilkes-Barre, PA 18701
(570) 693-1448
WYOU
2 Public Square
Wilkes-Barre, PA 18701
(570)821-0020
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APPENDIX B
Information Repositories and Potential Meeting Location
* Most frequent responses from the Community Interviews.
B.1 Information Repositories
Bloomsburg Area Public Library*
225 Market Street
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570) 784-0883
Contact: Hal Pratt
Hours: Monday, Tuesday and Thursday: 9 am to 8 pm
Wednesday and Friday: 9 am to 5 pm
Saturday: 9 am to 12 pm
U.S. EPA Region 3
Administrative Records Room
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
(215) 814-3157 by appointment
You can also access the Administrative Record file online at www.epa.gov/arweb. Follow these
steps to access the SLC Site information. From this website, select 'PA' under the state pull-
down list. From there, select 'Safety Light' under the site pull-down list. Next, select
'Enforcement Removal' for the AR Type and then click on 'Search.' On the next page, click on
'Search Results' to see the complete list of documents. The list should be in chronological order,
starting with the oldest and ending with the most recent document.
B.2 Potential Meeting Location
Central Columbia Middle or High School*
Central Columbia School District Administration Office
4777 Old Berwick Road
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570) 784-2850
Contact: Brenda Belles
Lime Ridge Community Center
6260 4th Street
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
(570)389-1086
Contact: Shirley Ridgeway
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APPENDIX C
Glossary of Technical Terms
Administrative Record File (AR): The official file containing the Remedial Investigation (RI)
report, Risk Assessment, Feasibility Study (FS), and all other documents that provide the basis
for EPA's selection of a remedial cleanup alternative at a Superfund site.
Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements (ARARs): Any state or federal
statute that pertains to protection of human life and the environment in addressing specific
conditions or use of a particular cleanup technology at a Superfund site.
Cesium-137: Most common radioactive form of cesium. It is also one of the most common
radio-isotopes used in industry. Thousands of devices use it such as moisture density gauges,
leveling gauges, and well-logging devices.
Cleanup: An action taken to deal with a release or threatened release of hazardous substances
that could adversely affect public health and/or the environment. The word cleanup is used to
refer to both short-term removal response actions and long-term remedial actions at Superfund
sites.
Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC): An individual EPA assigns to work closely
with technical staff to keep the local community informed about and involved in a site cleanup.
Community Involvement Plan (CIP): A document that assesses a community's concerns
about a site, recommends activities that EPA may conduct to address these concerns, and
suggests means to foster communication between EPA and the community.
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA): A
federal law (commonly known as "Superfund") passed in 1980 and modified in 1986 by the
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA). The law gives EPA the authority to
investigate sites where there is a suspected threat to public health or the environment caused by
the release or potential release of hazardous substances. The law also created a special tax on the
chemical and petroleum industries. Money was collected under the tax until 1995 and deposited
into a trust fund to be used to clean up abandoned or uncontrolled waste sites. Under the law,
EPA can pay for the site cleanup when the parties responsible for contamination cannot be
located or are unwilling or unable to perform the cleanup. EPA can also take legal action to
require parties responsible for site contamination to clean up the site or pay back the federal
government for the cost of the cleanup.
Contamination: An adverse effect on air, water, or soil caused by any physical, chemical,
biological, or radiological substance or matter.
Exposure Pathways: Route or way in which humans or the environment may come into contact
with contaminants.
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Feasibility Study (FS): A study that examines information provided by the remedial
investigation activities and evaluates possible cleanup methods that can be used to remove or
reduce contamination at a site.
Groundwater: The supply of fresh water found beneath the earth's surface in empty areas
between rocks and soil particles. Groundwater is a major source of drinking water.
Hazard Ranking System (HRS): A measurement tool used to evaluate the risks to public
health and the environment posed by a hazardous waste site. The HRS calculates a score based
on the potential of a hazardous substance moving from the site through the air, water or soil.
EPA places sites with a HRS score of 28.50 or higher on the National Priorities List (NPL).
Information Repository: A collection of documents about a specific Superfund site and the
general Superfund process. EPA usually places the information repository in a public building
that is conveniently located.
National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (National Contingency
Plan): The federal regulation that guides the determination of the sites to be corrected under
Superfund, and the program to prevent or control spills.
National Priorities List (NPL): EPA's list of the nation's most serious hazardous waste sites
identified for long-term cleanup under Superfund.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC): The NRC is an independent agency established by
the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 to regulate civilian use of nuclear materials.
Operation and Maintenance (O&M): (1) Activities conducted after a Superfund site action is
completed to ensure that the action is effective. (2) Actions taken after construction to ensure the
constructed facility is properly operated and maintained to achieve expected effectiveness and
efficiency levels.
Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs): The companies or people responsible for the
contamination at a site. Whenever possible, through administrative and legal actions, EPA
requires these parties to clean up hazardous waste sites they have contaminated.
Preliminary Assessment/Site Inspection (PA/SI): The preliminary assessment is the initial
process of collecting and reviewing available information about a known or suspected waste site
or release. The assessment is followed by the more extensive site inspection. The purpose is to
gather information necessary to score the site, using the Hazard Ranking System, and to
determine if it presents an immediate threat requiring prompt removal.
Proposed Remedial Action Plan (Proposed Plan or PRAP): A plan that discusses the
Remedial Investigation (RI) and Feasibility Study (FS) and proposes various cleanup methods
for a site. EPA highlights its preferred cleanup method in this plan.
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Public Comment Periods: Designated periods of time during which EPA requests the public to
review and comment on specific documents and/or EPA actions. For example, EPA holds a
minimum 30-day public comment period to allow community members to review and comment
on a Proposed Remedial Action Plan (PRAP).
Radionuclides: Radioactive particle, man-made (anthropogenic) or natural, with a distinct
atomic weight number. Radionuclides can have a long life as pollutants in soil or water.
Radium-226: Most common isotope of naturally-occurring radium (Ra226). This forms when
uranium and thorium decay in the environment.
Record of Decision (ROD): A formal document that discusses in detail the cleanup plan EPA
has decided to implement at a site.
Remedial Action: The actual construction or implementation phase that follows the Remedial
Design of the selected cleanup plan for a Superfund site.
Remedial Design: The engineering phase that follows the Record of Decision (ROD). During
this phase, technical drawings and specifications are developed for the Remedial Action at a site.
It is similar to a blueprint or work plan.
Remedial Investigation (RI): A study in which EPA identifies the types and amounts of site
contamination and determines the threat this contamination poses to human health and the
environment.
Remedial Project Manager (RPM): The EPA or state official responsible for overseeing on-
site remedial action.
Responsiveness Summary (RS): A summary of oral and written comments that EPA receives
during a public comment period and EPA's responses to those comments. The RS is part of the
Record of Decision (ROD).
Strontium-90: Most common isotope of strontium (Sr-90). It is a silvery metal that rapidly
turns yellow in air. It is a byproduct of the fission of uranium and plutonium. Heat generated by
its decay can be converted into electricity.
Superfund: A fund that can be used to finance cleanup actions at hazardous waste sites. The
fund was established under the legislative authority of the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) with monies received largely from a tax
levied on the chemical and petroleum industries. Fund monies can be used by EPA to respond
directly to releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances that may endanger public
health, welfare, or the environment. The term "Superfund" also refers to the EPA programs
which conduct cleanups using these fund monies.
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Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA): Modifications to the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) enacted
on October 17, 1986.
Tritium: Radioactive isotope of the element hydrogen. It is used in self-luminescent devices,
such as exit signs, aircraft dials, gauges, luminous paints, and wristwatches.
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Appendix D
List of Acronyms
AR Administrative Record
ARARs Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements
ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act
CAG Community Advisory Group
CIC Community Involvement Coordinator
CIP Community Involvement Plan
EPA (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency
FS Feasibility Study
HRS Hazard Ranking System
HSCD Hazardous Site Cleanup Division
JTI (Superfund) Job Training Initiative
NCP National Contingency Plan (shortened from National Oil and Hazardous
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan)
NIEHS National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
NOID Notice of Intent to Delete
NPL National Priorities List
NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission
O&M Operations & Maintenance
OSC On-Scene Coordinator
PADEP Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
PADOH Pennsylvania Department of Health
PA/SI Preliminary Assessment/Site Inspection
PRAP Proposed Remedial Action Plan
PRP Potentially Responsible Party
RI Remedial Investigation
RI/FS Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study
ROD Record of Decision
RPM Remedial Project Manager
RS Responsiveness Summary
SARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act
TAG Technical Assistance Grant
WWW World Wide Web
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APPENDIX E
Technical Assistance Grant (TAG)
EPA provides Technical Assistance Grants (TAGs) of up to $50,000 as part of its Superfund
Community Involvement program. The TAG program enables citizens in a site area to hire a
technical expert to review and interpret site reports generated by EPA or other parties. A TAG
has not been awarded at this site.
For more details, visit the TAG website: www.epa.gov/superfund/tools/tag. or contact:
Amelia Libertz (3HS52)
TAG Coordinator
U.S. EPA - Region 3
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
1-800-553-2509
libertz.amelia@epa.gov
EPA accepts applications for TAGs as mandated by the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), as amended by the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA). Only one group per site can receive a TAG, so
EPA urges local groups to join together to apply. The following are federal publications on the
TAG program, which can be obtained by calling EPA's publications number: 1-800-490-9198.
• Superfund Technical Assistance Grant (TAG) Brochure
Order No. EPA540K93002
• Superfund Technical Assistance Grant (TAG) Handbook: Applying For Your Grant
Order No. EPA540K93003
• Superfund Technical Assistance Grant (TAG) Handbook: Application Forms With
Instructions
Order No. EPA540K93004
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APPENDIX F
Community Advisory Group (CAG)
CAGs are community-lead groups that are intended to represent and include all interested
members of the community, including representatives of the Potentially Responsible Parties
(PRPs). Although EPA does not fund these groups, EPA can assist interested community
members to form CAGs and can also provide support services to the groups. A CAG has not
been formed at this site.
For more details, visit the CAG website at: www.epa.gov/superfund/tools/cag/index.htm. or
contact:
Amelia Libertz (3HS52)
CAG Coordinator
U.S. EPA - Region 3
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
1-800-553-2509
libertz.amelia@epa.gov
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APPENDIX G
Superfund Jobs Training Initiative (SuperJTI)
The SuperJTI is a program designed to provide job training for residents living near Superfund
sites, particularly residents in disadvantaged communities. The SuperJTI program can help
residents who could benefit from learning career job skills and may provide an employment base
for Superfund site cleanup contractors. Residents who take part in SuperJTI can gain career
skills and could potentially participate in the environmental remediation activities in the
neighborhood.
For more details, please visit http://www.epa.gov/superfund/tools/sfiti/index.htm or contact:
Pat Carey (5203G)
U.S. EPA Headquarters
Ariel Rios Building
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington D.C. 20460
(703) 603-8772
carev.pat@epa.gov
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MAP 1
Site Location
W3 iTV^UHJ WlAA WtVl tops (rUKtkHS SIJQa C t*.au*mV •«:
41
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ATTACHMENT A
Superfund Process Flowchart
EPA's Superfund Process
Remedial
Design
Operation &
Maintenance
Proposed
Deletion
Community Involvement and Enforcement take place throughout the Superfund Process
Public comment is solicited at Proposal to NPL, Proposed Plan, and Proposed Deletion
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ATTACHMENT B
Example Fact Sheet 1
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Safety Light Corporation Site
Bloomsburg, Columbia County, PA
October 2004
U.S. EPA Proposes Safety Light Corporation Site to the NPL
On September 23, 2004, EPA proposed the
Safety Light Corporation (SLC) Site to the National
Priorities List (NPL), making it eligible for federal
cleanup funds under the Superfimd program. The
NPL is the EPA's list of uncontrolled or abandoned
hazardous waste sites identified for long-term
cleanup.
EPA will use both its removal and remedial
programs in the cleanup effort. Removal actions will
focus on removing immediate risks posed by the
onsite contamination and the remedial program
designs and implements long-term cleanup remedies.
A long-term study called a Remedial Investigation
and Feasibility Study (RI/FS) will begin in the
coming year. The purpose of the study is to find out
how extensive the contamination is at the site and if
there are any long-term risks to people or the
environment. The study will also help determine the
best ways that EPA can clean up the site.
Get Involved!
The public is invited to comment on the NPL
listing proposal for 60 days. The comment period
began on September 23, 2004 and will end on
November 22, 2004. Send your written comments
to:
Docket Coordinator, Headquarters
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
CERCLA Docket Office
Mail Code 5305T
1200 Pennsylvania Ave, NW
Washington, DC 20460
Instructions for mailing comments:
• Make sure you send three (3) copies
• For express mail - make sure you have the
correct FedEx address, which is:
1235 Jefferson Davis Hwy
Crystal Gateway #1, First Floor
Arlington, VA 22202
For more information on submitting your comments,
contact Linda Baxter, EPA NPL Coordinator, at
(215) 814-5824 or visit the website at:
www.epa.gov/super fund'sites/npl/pubc.htm.
Who Else is Involved?
EPA is coordinating with the U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (NRC), Pennsylvania
Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) and
the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
Registry (ATSDR), a federal public health service
agency.
Background
The SLC Site is located on Old Berwick Road
in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania. The property is
situated between the Susquehanna River and Old
Berwick Road. Past activities at the site include the
manufacturing of:
• self-illuminated watches and instrument dials;
• smoke detectors;
• neutron sources;
• exit signs; and
• other products containing radioactive
materials (such as radium-226, strontium-90,
cesium-137, and tritium).
For more information on these radioactive materials,
visit EPA's website at:
www.epa.gov/eiiviio,'html;emci/cheinrel7complete index.html
NPL Proposed Listing
Public Meeting
Thursday, November 4, 2004
6:00 - 8:00 pm
Central Columbia Middle School
4777 Old Berwick Road
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
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More information
Ifie documents supporting HI' \'s proposed
listing oj'tlic site to the NPI. are available for review
at the following location:
Jitomiisburu Ait;i Public I ihnir*
225 Market Street
Btoomsburg, PA 17815
You eati also contact one of the following EPA
representatives:
• Drmiis MiiUot'K. Oil-Scene Coindinator. lor
removal activities (304) 234-0284
• I .hula Diet/. Remedial Project ManuLS-j. lor
long-term cleanup activities (215) 814-3195
• Irish Taylor. Community Involvement
Coordinator (215)814-5539, or
la\ lor.trislm'jpa.gov
• Or visit otic of these KP. \ websites at:
hilp: www.cpa.tiov superl'itud and
littp: w w w .cpa. uov reqAhw ind.
^ IJiupomaI LisImi'j Sot S.iM\ i I'.'.hi (.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1850 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Attn: Irish Taylor (Mailcode 3HS43)
More Wn\ k to Gel Involved
Community involvement is critical to FPA'x
decision making process. BeKnv are tw o ways
\our cotiintumly can gel participation assistance.
1. C tmmiuuin A
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ATTACHMENT C
Example Fact Sheet 2
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Safety Light Corporation Site
Bloomsburg, Columbia County, PA
May 2005
--Safety Light Corp. Site Added to EPA's National Priorities List-
SLC added to the NPL... NeXt StePS"
On April 27, 2005, the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) included the Safety Light Corporation
(SLC) Site onto the National Priorities List (NPL).
The NPL is EPA's national list of uncontrolled or
abandoned hazardous waste sites identified for long-
term cleanup.
When a site is added to the NPL, it becomes eligible
for long-term federal cleanup funds under the
Comprehensive Environmental and Restoration
Compensation Law Act (CERCLA), better known as
the Superfund program.
EPA is using both its removal and remedial programs
to address contamination caused by previous on-site
manufacturing of radioactive materials. The removal
program focuses on short-term cleanup actions to
reduce potential health risks posed by on-site
contamination. The remedial program involves long-
term cleanup design plans and operations.
Removal Program Activities...
• E PA work plans and health and safety plans
are completed for removal activities at the
Site.
• Disposal work for the on-site silo wastes will
begin in early summer 2005.
EPA's federal On-Scene Coordinator will continue to
work closely with the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission (NRC) and the Pennsylvania Department
of Environmental Protection (PADEP) during
removal activities.
Once a site has been added to the NPL, the next step
in the Superfund process is the Remedial
Investigation and Feasibility Study (RI/FS), often
conducted at the same time. The RI/FS is a long-term
study used to find out the extent of the contamination
and if there are any potential long-term exposure risks
to human health or the environment. The study will
also help determine the best cleanup methods to use at
the Site. Work for the RI/FS includes:
• Sampling of eight nearby residential wells to
test for site-related contamination
(completed);
• Mailing individual sampling results to the
property owners who had their wells tested
(due out May 2005);
EPA respects the privacy of property owners
and considers personal information, such as
specific names, addresses and test results, as
confidential. However the overall water
quality results will be shared with the
community.
• Designing an investigation plan for on-site
groundwater (scheduled to begin in summer
2005);
• Interviewing individual residents to help
design the Site's Community Involvement
Plan (CIP). Interviews include a short survey
and an opportunity to discuss site-related
concerns or questions (scheduling will begin
in June 2005).
The CIP establishes the preferred methods of
communication between EPA and the
community regarding any Site information,
updates and ongoing activities.
-------
Background...
llic Sl.C Site is located on Old Licroick Road in
Bloomsburg. Pennsy K ania. Past acti\ itics at the
Site include the manufacturing of:
• self-illuminated \vatelies and instrument
dials,
• smoke detectors.
• exit signs, and
• other products eoritaining radioactive
materials (such as radiurn-226. strontium-'X),
cesium-137. and tritium).
EPA is working together on this project with the
US. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC).
Pennsylvania Department of Knvironmeiital
Protection (PADl'P) and the Agency lor Toxic
Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). a federal
public health service agency.
For more information, visit one of these I",PA
websites at' httn: www .epa.uov supert'und and
htttv v\\vs\.ei>a,m>\ rea3lnuml.
Let Us Know What You Think
Community Involvement is a critical part of
F,PA\s decision making process.
If you would like to participate in the
mleixiews that will help design the
( 'omnium Invohement Plan (( II*) for the
Site, please contact:
I rish Taylor, Community Involvement
Coordinator, hv:
¦S Mail: 1650 Arch Street (Maileodc
3HS43). Philadelphia, PA 19103
S Phone: (215)814-5539
J Km ail: taylof.trishfff'cpa.Kov
S Supcrlimd I lotlinc: (800)553-2509
Interviews will begin in June 2005.
.P.\ Add> Sal oh LiliIi! ( orpomiion sn
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1850 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 13103
Attn: Tnsh Taylor (Mailcode 3HS43)
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ATTACHMENT D
Example Public Notice
I Q \ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency / Q ,
Region in, 1650 Arch Street (3HS43)
- use/
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029 *"•*
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) invites the public to a
meeting to discuss the proposed listing of the Safety Light Corp. Site in
Bloomsburg, PA to the National Priorities List (NPL).
Meeting is Open to the Public
When: Thursday. November 4, 2004
6:00 p.m. until 8:00 p.m.
Where: Central Columbia Middle School
4777 Old Berwick Road
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
Who: Representatives from the:
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
• U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)
• Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP)
The National Priorities List (NPL) is the EPA's list of uncontrolled or abandoned
hazardous waste sites identified for long-term cleanup under the federal Super fund
program. The proposed listing is subject to a 60-day public comment period, that
began September 23, 2004 and will end November 22, 2004. The proposal can be
reviewed at:
Bloomsburg Area Public Library
225 Market Street, Bloomsburg, PA 17815
Please plan to attend the meeting for more information.
Contact Information: Trish Taylor, U.S. EPA Community Involvement Coordinator
(215) 814-5539 or (800) 553-2509, or email at tavlor.trishfecpa.aov
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