PEOPLES NATURAL GAS
CO.

IOWA

EPA ID# IAD980852578

EPA Region 7
City: Dubuque
County: Dubuque County
Other Names:

Key City Coal Gasification Plant

02/23/2009



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SITE DESCRIPTION

The Peoples Natural Gas Co. site is located in Dubuque and covers approximately 5 acres. From
1890 until 1954, the Key City Gas Company owned and operated this gas plant, where a natural
gas substitute was produced from coal. In 1954, the North Central Public Service Company took
over operations until 1957, when Peoples Natural Gas Company assumed ownership of the site.
Peoples used the site as a storage and maintenance area and did not manufacture gas. It later sold
a portion of the site to the City of Dubuque, which operated the Dubuque Municipal Garage on
the site until 2006. The Iowa Department of Transportation owns the remainder of the site. Two
waste products resulting from coal gasification are of primary concern: coal tar sludges and spent
iron oxide. Coal tar sludges were produced during the coal or coke combustion and during the oil
injection processes, and spent iron oxide wastes were produced during the gas purification
process. Spent iron oxide wastes, removed from the three gas cleaning boxes (purifiers), were
dumped behind two gas holding tanks on site at least twice a year. Spent iron oxide and other
wastes were deposited in the northeastern section of the site. Coal tars were removed from the
gas in the wash box and condenser. These wastes either were sold or disposed of in pits or
holding tanks. Two coal tar waste storage tanks were used at the gas plant, one aboveground and
one below. Both tanks have since been removed. Evidence of materials left in the underground
tank, as well as migration of waste out of the tank, is supported by a study done by the Iowa
Department of Transportation in 1983, while conducting a right-of-way survey for the proposed
extension of U.S. Highway 61. An estimated 60,000 people obtain drinking water from
municipal wells located within 3 miles of the site. Approximately 2,400 people live within a mile
of the site, and 21,000 people live within 3 miles. The Mississippi River is approximately 500
feet east of the site. Surface water downstream is used for industrial and recreational activities. A
wildlife and fish refuge is 2 miles downstream, and wetlands are located within 1/2 mile of the
site.


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Site Responsibility:

This site is being addressed through Federal and
potentially responsible parties' actions.

NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date:	08/30/90

Deleted Date:

THREATS AND CONTAMINANTS

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs), and inorganic chemicals from the gasification process wastes were
detected by the State in on-site wells. Soil samples collected at the site in 1983
also contained VOCs, phenols, PAHs, and inorganic chemicals. Accidental
ingestion of or direct contact with contaminated soil or ground water may pose
health threats to individuals. No private drinking water wells have been identified
in the area. The wetlands and the wildlife and fish refuge may be threatened by
runoff from the site.

CLEANUP APPROACH

Response Action Status

Initial Actions: Prior to implementation of the Remedial Action, a Removal
Action was initiated to excavate and incinerate contaminated soil and wastes that
were in the area of a highway construction project. Ultimately, 6,850 cubic yards
of contaminated soil and wastes were removed and incinerated off site under the
removal action.

"rodTx Remedy Selected: Soil and Ground water: An investigation into the nature and
IP extent of ground water and soil contamination was completed by the potentially
|||| responsible parties in 1991. A final cleanup remedy that prescribes excavation and
incineration of contaminated soils, and pumping and treating contaminated ground
water was selected by EPA in 1991. Restrictions on land and ground water use
were implemented. Design of the remedy was completed in early 1994. Excavation


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of contaminated soils from the remaining portions of the site was initiated in the
spring of 1995, and was completed in 1998. An additional 10,400 cubic yards of
contaminated soil and wastes were excavated and incinerated under the remedial
action. This was completed in 1998, thus removing the possibility of anyone
coming into direct contact with contaminated soil.

Installation of a ground water extraction system in the shallowest aquifer found at
the site, which is referred to as the silty sand aquifer, was completed in January
1996. The ground water extraction system consisted of two recovery wells. The
extracted water was treated through an air stripper and disposed into the City of
Dubuque sanitary sewer system. The ground water extraction and treatment
system operated until March 2003, when it was determined that the system could
no longer function due to severe fouling. Quarterly ground water monitoring
began in 1996, and continued through 2003. Ground water monitoring has been
conducted semiannually since 2004. Construction of an ozone sparging system
was completed in September 2000. The ozone sparge system operated until
October 2002, when it was turned off and disassembled.

The deeper, alluvial aquifer is separated from the shallow, silty sand aquifer by a
low permeability layer. It was determined during the Remedial Design that the
contaminant concentrations in the alluvial aquifer did not warrant installation of a
ground water extraction system in that aquifer. This change in the remedy was
documented in an Explanation of Significant Differences.

Site Facts: EPA signed an Administrative Order on Consent with Midwest Gas, a successor
corporation of Key City Gas Co., the Iowa Department of Transportation, and the
City of Dubuque in 1989. The Order required the parties to remove or treat any
contaminated soil. It also required completion of an investigation to determine the
need for treatment of residual soil and for ground water treatment. EPA signed a
Consent Decree with Midwest Gas (currently MidAmerican Energy Company),
the Iowa Department of Transportation, the City of Dubuque, and Enron
Corporation on December 28, 1992, requiring the parties to conduct the design of
the remedy and cleanup activities.


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS

By removing contaminated coal tar sludges and soils, the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials at the People's Natural Gas Co. site has been reduced while final cleanup
activities continue. EPA conducted a Five-Year Review for this site in March 2000. The
conclusion of the Five-Year Review is that the remedy remains protective of human health and
the environment.

The ozone sparging system, which was installed in 2000 as a bioenhancement to the ground
water treatment system, was shut down in October 2002. The effectiveness of the system in
removing contaminants from the subsurface was minimal relative to the costs associated with
operation of the system. The ground water extraction and treatment system was turned off in
March 2003. Evaluation of alternatives to meet the ground water objectives for the site is
on-going.

A Second Five-Year Review for the site was completed in September 2005. The conclusion of
that review was that the site is protective of human health and the environment in the short term.
To ensure that the remedy will be protective in the long term, the follow-up actions listed in the
review need to be taken. These include: additional investigation and possibly modeling leading
to a Focused Feasibility Study to evaluate remedial alternatives to be followed by a Record of
Decision amendment: and revised environmental covenants to limit exposure to soil and ground
water.

Additional site characterization activities were conducted in 2007. Three soil borings and a
monitoring well were installed to collect information beneficial to determine appropriate
remedial alternatives to be evalutated in a Record of Decision amendment. Semiannual ground
water monitoring continues to ensure that the site poses no threat until such time as the remedy is
revised.

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT

•	1/05 - Fact sheet announcing start of second five-year review. Display ad in the Dubuque
T el egraph-Heral d

•	4/05 - Fact sheet announcing Second Explanation of Significant Differences

•	8/05 - Fact sheet announcing completion of second five-year review. Display ad in the
Dubuque Telegraph-Herald


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SITE REPOSITORY

Carnegie Stout Public Library	Superfund Records Center

Eleventh and Bluff	901 N. 5th St.

Dubuque, IA 52001	Kansas City, KS 66101

Mail Stop SUPR
(913)551-7166

REGIONAL CONTACTS

SITE MANAGER:

E-MAIL ADDRESS:

PHONE NUMBER:

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
COORDINATOR:

PHONE NUMBER:

E-MAIL ADDRESS:

STATE CONTACT:

PHONE NUMBER:

Diana Engeman
engeman.diana@epa.gov
(913)551-7746

Beckie Himes

(913)551-7253
himes.beckie@epa.gov

Dan Cook
(515)281-4171

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION

STATE:	IA

07BP

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:	01

EPA ORGANIZATION:	SFD-IANE/SUPR

MODIFICATIONS

Created by:	Christina	Created Date:	11/13/97 10:57 AM

01iver/SUPR/R7/USEPA/U
S

Last Modified by: Beckie	Last Modified Date: 02/23/2009 11:11 AM

Himes/R7/U SEP A/U S


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