DRAFT PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT
FORMER NIKE LAUNCH SITE #81
POULSBO, WASHINGTON

TDD: 96-07-0013

Contract No: 68-W6-0008

October 22,1996

REGION X

SUPERFUND TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT & RESPONSE TEAM

Prepared for:

I ^ ~ ^ J

EPA

Office of Environmental Cleanup
Region X

MARK ADER
TASK MONITOR

Prepared by:

(ft

ffjj ecology and environment inc.

I Seattle, Washington (206) 624-9537

International Specialists in the Environment

MIKE MARTIN
PROJECT MANAGER


-------
October 23, 1996

Mr. Mark Ader

United States Environmental Protection Agency
1200 Sixth Avenue, ECL-115
Seattle, WA 98101

Re: Contract No. 68-W6-0008, Technical Direction Document No. 96-07-0013
Former NIKE Launch site #81 Preliminary Assessment

Dear Mr. Ader:

Enclosed please find the draft Preliminary Assessment (PA) report completed for the Former NIKE Launch
site #81 located in Poulsbo, Washington. Results of the PA indicate that the groundwater pathway has the
greatest potential to impact receptors.

This Technical Direction Document will remain open to address comments to this report. If you have any
questions regarding this PA, please call me at 206/624-9537.

Sincerely,

ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT, INC.

Jeffrey Fowlow
Project Leader

cc: Gary Sink, EPA, Region 10 (letter only)

William Carberry, E & E, Seattle (letter only)


-------
DRAFT

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT
FORMER NIKE LAUNCH SITE #81
POULSBO, WASHINGTON

START REGION X

Contract No. 68-W6-0008
Technical Direction Document No. 96-07-0013

October 1996

Prepared By:

ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT, INC.
1500 First Interstate Center

999 Third Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98104

Prepared For:

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY


-------
DRAFT

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT
FORMER NIKE LAUNCH SITE #81
POULSBO, WASHINGTON

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section	Page

1	INTRODUCTION		1-1

2	SITE BACKGROUND		2-1

2.1	Site Location		2-1

2.2	Site Description 		2-1

2.3	Site Operations and Waste Characteristics 		2-4

2.4	Site Investigations 		2-5

3	MIGRATION/EXPOSURE PATHWAYS AND TARGETS 		3-1

3.1	Groundwater Migration Pathway		3-1

3.2	Surface Waste Migration Pathway		3-5

3.3	Soil Exposure Pathway		3-7

3.4	Air Migration Pathway		3-7

4	REFERENCE LIST		4-1

ATTACHMENT A - PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION
ATTACHMENT B - REFERENCES


-------
LIST OF TABLES

Table	Page

2-1	Soil Sample Results	 2-7

2-2	Silo Water Sample Results 	 2-8

3 -1	Groundwater Well Drinking Population

Within a 4-Mile Radius	 3-5

3-2	Catch Figures Within 15 Miles Downstream of the Site	 3-6

3-3	Populations Within a 1-Mile Radius	 3-7

3-4 Populations and Wetland Acreage

Within a 4-Mile Radius	 3-8

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure	Page

2-1 Site Location Map 	 2-2

2-2 Site Layout	 2-3

2-3 Assembly Building	 2-11

2-4	Generator Building	 2-12

3-1	Site 4 Mile Range of Influence 	 3-2

3-2 Site 15 Mile Range of Influence 	 3-3


-------
1.0 INTRODUCTION

Ecology and Environment, Inc., (E & E) has been tasked by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) to provide technical support for completion of a Preliminary Assessment (PA) at the Former
NIKE Launch site #81 in Poulsbo, Washington. E & E completed PA activities under Technical Direction
Document No. 96-07-0013, issued under EPA Region X Superfund Technical Assessment and Response
Team (START) Contract Number 68-W6-0008. The specific goals for this PA identified by EPA are
presented below:

•	Determine the potential threat to public health or the environment posed by the site;

•	Determine the potential for a release of hazardous constituents into the environment; and

•	Determine the potential for placement of the site on the National Priorities List.

Completion of the PA included reviewing existing site information, collecting receptor information
within the range of site influence, determining regional characteristics, and conducting a site visit. This
document includes a discussion of background site information (Section 2); a discussion of migra-
tion/exposure pathways and potential receptors (targets) (Section 3); and a list of pertinent references
(Section 4).

1-1


-------
2.0 SITE BACKGROUND

2.1 SITE LOCATION

Site Name:
CERCLIS ID No.:
Location:

Latitude:
Longitude:

Legal Description:
Site Owners:

Former NIKE Launch site #81

WA0001414184

Finn Hill Road

Poulsbo, Washington 98370

47° 45'27" North

122° 39' 43" West

Section 10, Township 26 North, Range 1 East
Joseph Olhava

c/o First Western Investments
100 Second Avenue South, Suite 250
P.O. Box 1449

Edmonds, Washington 98020-1449
(206) 775-6000

Site Contacts:	MarkZenger

First Western Investments

100 Second Avenue South, Suite 250

P.O. Box 1449

Edmonds, Washington 98020-1449
(206) 775-6000

2.2 SITE DESCRIPTION

The Former NIKE Launch site #81 is an inactive U.S. Army NIKE Ajax missile launch facility
located approximately 1.5 miles northwest of Poulsbo, Washington city limits on the north side of Finn Hill
Road (Figure 2-1). The site originally consisted of 81.91 acres of level and sloping ground containing three
missile launch silos, a generator building, a missile assembly building, a missile fueling station (acid fueling
station), a maintenance shop (consisting of two sheds), a barrack, and a well house (Figure 2-2). The site is
fenced with a gated entrance off Finn Hill Road.

The site was constructed by the U.S. Army on land obtained via acquisitions in fee, easements, and
licenses made between 1955 and 1959 (USAED 1985). Disposal of the property

2-1


-------
s r \ 11, (ii

W'.MIls.'ti'lnN

¦ OS

I

i, &

\ !
Site Locution 1

if

I



-i i

u


-------
Pond/Wetland

Drainfield

Drawing Not to Scale

1— Pole-Mounted Transformer
(No Longer Present)

L- UST (Former Location)

ecology and environment, inc.

[&J] International Specialists in the Environment
Seattle, Washington

FORMER NIKE MISSILE
LAUNCH SITE #81
Poulsbo, Washington

Dfown By:
MRE

Figure 2-2

SITE LAYOUT
NIKE MISSILE BASE

Date
10-16-96

TDD/Job No.
AG 1301

Dwg. No.
AG1301F5


-------
occurred between 1966 and 1980 by various means with 35.37 acres containing facility structures fee
conveyed by the U.S. General Services Administration to Mr. Joseph P. Olhava in February 1967 (USAED
1985). Mr. Olhava used the property for 2 to 3 years for horse and cattle pasturage, and made an addition to
the assembly building which he rented out for approximately 1-1/2 years. First Western Investments (FWI)
currently represents Mr. Olhava, who retains ownership of the site. The property is bordered on the north,
northeast, west, and southwest primarily with undeveloped and residential land. The site is bordered on the
southeast by State Route 3.

2.3 SITE OPERATIONS AND WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

Insufficient documented information exists regarding site-specific operations and waste characteris-
tics for the period that the site was an active NIKE Ajax missile launch facility. However, a report prepared
by Law Environmental Services (LES) for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers titled "The NIKE Missile Site
Investigation Program" is available which describes general activities at NIKE Ajax missile sites across the
nation. Information contained in this report will be used to supplement the site history.

An aerial photograph review of the site conducted by a contractor for FWI in 1992 reported the
presence of several buildings and roads in 1956 (ERM 1992). It is assumed that operations at the site began
in this year. NIKE Ajax missiles were deployed by the U.S. Army throughout the continental United States to
protect major metropolitan areas and strategic military installations from aerial attack (LES, not dated).

Missiles and warheads were assembled, maintained, prepared for firing, and stored at the Launcher
area of a NIKE site with each of these activities being conducted at a separate building or location at the site.
Missiles were fueled at outdoor fueling stations with acidic liquid fuels including inhibited red fuming nitric
acid (IRFNA), unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (UDMH), anilinefurfuryl alcohol, and ethylene oxide,
which are highly toxic. Battery electrolyte, potentially containing lead, reportedly was discarded at fueling
stations on NIKE sites (LES, not dated). Missile assembly operations involved the use of various solvents,
anticorrosion products, and paints (LES, not dated). Assembly buildings were equipped with a full-length
waste fluid collection system and associated underground drainfield (LES, not dated). The presence of such a
drainage system at the Former NIKE Launch Site #81 has not been confirmed. However, records of the "sale
of site property" list a waste sewer system containing 250 lineal feet of drain line for acid as a line item asset
(McLeod 1967). The location of this system is not provided and, if present at the Nike site, it is speculated
that the system may be associated with either the assembly building or with the acid fueling station.
Maintenance of the missile batteries in a combat ready status required the storage, handling, and disposal of
missile components, as well as solvents, fuels, hydraulic fluids, paints, and other materials required for
support functions (LES, not dated).

2-4


-------
Three collocated subterranean missile launch silos are present at the Former NIKE Launch site #81.
The silos extend to approximately 25 feet below ground surface (bgs) and contain elevators for access. One
missile magazine is associated with each silo. Typically NIKE magazines contained a floor drainage system
which permitted waste materials to be washed to a central sump located under the silo elevator shaft (LES,
not dated). As a general practice at NIKE sites, solvents, paints, and hydraulic fluid were reported washed to
the sumps (LES, not dated). Waste water that collected in the sumps at the Former NIKE Launch site #81
were pumped to a surficial drainage ditch running the northwestern length of the silo area.

A septic system consisting of a 12,000 gallon septic tank and drainfield with 1,110 lineal feet of
sewer line is present at the barracks (McLeod 1967). Battery electrolyte and other hazardous materials may
have been disposed to the septic system during the facility deactivation process (LES, not dated).

At one time, seven transformers were located on site, including: three platform-mounted transform-
ers near the site access road, three pad-mounted transformers near the generator building, and one pole-
mounted transformer near the barracks. The three platform-mounted and the pole-mounted transformers
were found to contain PCBs in excess of 50 ppm and have been removed from the site (ERM 1992) (see
discussion Section 2.4).

Also, four underground storage tanks (USTs) used to contain fuel oil once existed at the site: one at
the assembly building, two at the generator building, and one at the barracks (WSI 1993). A discussion of
tank removal activities is provided in Section 2.4.

2.4 SITE INVESTIGATIONS

In August 1985, the U.S. Army Engineer District, Seattle, conducted a survey of the site under the
Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP). This survey determined that the site was essentially as
the Army had left it in 1967 and that all NIKE-era structures on the property had been used by Mr. Olhava
for various purposes. The survey concluded that because all site facilities had been used by the current
property owner, and because the property owner did not express an interest in having remedial work done
under DERP, no further action was required (USAED 1985).

In August 1992, a consultant to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District (USACE)
provided permanent closure services for the four USTs previously used to store fuel. Two 2,000-gallon
USTs (81L-2 and 81L-3) were associated with the generator building, one 500-gallon UST (81L-4) was
associated with the assembly building, and one 2,000-gallon UST (81L-5) was associated with the barracks.
Soil samples were collected adjacent to the USTs and submitted for gasoline-, diesel-, and oil-range
petroleum hydrocarbons; benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes; and lead analysis. Analytical results
revealed fuel-related soil contamination at both USTs near the generator building and also at the UST near
the barracks. Fifteen cubic yards of contaminated soil was removed from around one UST (81L-2) at the

2-5


-------
generator building. No other contaminated soils were removed. All USTs were excavated, emptied of
contents, cleaned, and the contents and USTs disposed off site. Excavated soils were stockpiled at the site
(WSI 1993).

In September 1992, a consultant for FWI completed a Phase I and II environmental site assessment
of the Former NIKE Launch site #81. During this investigation, samples were collected from on-site
structures of materials suspected of containing asbestos. Analytical results indicated the presence of asbestos
in the hard fittings on the piping system in the bathroom of the assembly building, in all rooms of the
barracks, in insulation on a large tank in the boiler room of the barracks, and in the vinyl floor tile and
associated mastic in the barracks (ERM 1992). Further, insulation of power cables in the floor of the
generator building, possibly containing asbestos, was not sampled because the power to these cables may still
have been connected (ERM 1992). Also, although not sampled due to access limitations, asbestos was
suspected to be present in the entry door to each missile silo, as well as in the wall spacers inside the 2 x 4
foot frame walls of the generator building (ERM 1992). All aboveground asbestos-containing material has
reportedly been abated (E & E 1996).

As a part of the Phase I and II investigation, soil samples of areas suspected of containing hazardous
substances were collected. Soil samples submitted for analyses included one three-part composite sample of
soils in the drainage ditch adjacent to the silos collected from 0 to 12 inches bgs (SP-1), one composite
sample each of soils adjacent to the north (MS-1) and east (MS-2) sides of the northern maintenance shed,
and one sample (ST-1) from beneath a drainage pipe associated with the barracks septic system. All four
samples were submitted for volatile organics analyses (EPA Method 8240). Samples SP-1, MS-1, and ST-1
were submitted for hydrocarbon identification and quantification (WDOE Method HCID-WTPH), and
samples SP-1 and ST-1 also were submitted for chromium and total lead analyses (ERM 1992). Analytical
results are as indicated in Table 2-1.

2-6


-------


Tab!

Former NIKE
SOIL SAMP]

e 2-1

Launch site #81
LE RESULTS



Sample Number

Location

Analyte

Concentration

SP-1

Silo Drainage Ditch

WTPH-HCID: Diesel
TPH-D
VOCs
Chromium
Lead

Present
290 ppm
ND

17	ppm

18	ppm

MS-1

Maintenance Shed (north
side)

WTPH-HCID
VOCs

ND
ND

MS-2

Maintenance Shed (east side)

VOCs: 2-butanone

0.52 ppm

ST-1

Septic Drainfield

WTPH-HCID
VOCs
Chromium
Lead

ND
ND

21 ppm
ND

Key:

ND

ppm

TPH-D

WTPH-HCID

VOCs

Not detected
Parts per million

Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons-Diesel

Washington Hydrocarbon Identification and Quantitation

Volatile Organic Compounds



Source: ERM 1992

In September 1995, the three pad-mounted and the three platform-mounted transformers were
sampled and analyzed for halogenated organic compounds (HOC) (EPA Method 9076 - modified) and PCBs
(EPA Method 8080). In October 1995, the pole-mounted transformer also was sampled and analyzed for
HOC (Method ASTM D-808) and PCBs (EPA Method 600/4-81-045). Analytical results indicated that the
three platform-mounted and the pole-mounted transformers contained PCBs above 50 ppm up to 157 ppm
and that the three pad-mounted transformers contained less than 1 ppm PCBs. HOC concentrations for the
platform-mounted transformer ranged from 126 to 206 ppm, the pole-mounted transformer contained 480
ppm HOC, and the three pad-mounted transformers contained less than 100 ppm HOC. In February 1996,
the four PCB transformers were manifested off site for disposal (Reynolds 1996).

In September 1995, the USACE excavated four test pits in or adjacent to the former location of UST
81L-2 at the generator building (USACE 1995). At least one soil sample was collected from each pit for
fixed laboratory analyses of gasoline-, diesel-, and oil-range petroleum hydrocarbons; benzene, toluene, ethyl
benzene, and xylene; and total lead (USACE 1995). Analytical results for this work are not yet available
(Bilodeau 1996). Reportedly, the fifteen cubic yards of soil previously excavated from this location were
transported to an off-site disposal facility in conjunction with this sampling effort (Bilodeau 1996). No
additional work was conducted for contaminated soils adjacent to 81L-3 or 81L-5 because one UST was

2-7


-------
determined not to require further investigation under State of Washington UST regulations and the other UST
location could not be identified (Bilodeau 1996). A draft request for partial closure of USTs at the site was
submitted by the USACE to the Washington State Department of Ecology on September 27, 1996 in an
Independent Remedial Action report (Bilodeau 1996).

In November 1995, a consultant for FWI collected one water sample from each of the three silos.
Approximately 17 feet of water was present in each silo with each silo estimated to contain 240,070 gallons
of water. The samples were composites consisting 50% of water taken from the surface and 50% of water
taken from the bottom of the water column. The samples were analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbons
(EPA Method 418.1), volatile organics (EPA Method 624), polychlorinated biphenyls (EPA Method 8080),
and priority pollutant metals (EPA Method 6010, except for mercury which was by cold vapor extraction).
Analytical results are summarized in Table 2-2.



Tab]

Former NIKE
SILO WATER S^

e 2-2

Launch site #81

lMPLE results



Analyte

Silo A
Concentration
(ug/L)

SiloB
Concentration
(ug/L)

SiloC
Concentration
(ug/L)

TPH

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

VOCs

ND

ND

ND

PCBs

0.8

0.8

0.9

Total Metals
Lead
Copper
Zinc

7
3

1,400

6

7

1,400

7
3

1,100

Dissolved Metals
Lead
Copper
Zinc

19
3

1,200

7
2

1,400

8
2

1,000

Key: ND Not detected

PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls
TPH Total petroleum hydrocarbons
ug/L Micrograms per liter
VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds

Source: Becker, 1996

In September 1996, water in the silos was pumped out by this consultant to an irrigation line laid out
in the field north of the drainage ditch.

In April 1996, lead-based paint in the bathroom of the officers quarters (in the barracks) and in the
bathroom of the assembly building was removed and placed in 55-gallon drums by a consultant to FWI.

2-8


-------
On October 8, 1996, the START met Jason Lowe, a member of the Olhava family, and Kent
Berryman, a planning consultant to FWI, near the site. A walk-through of all on-site structures was
conducted with the exception of the missile silos because the elevators to the silos have not been operational
since the transformers were removed. The assembly building (Figure 2-3) contained seven 55-gallon drums
marked "Danger/Lead" that were generated during the lead-based paint abatement in April 1996. Two of the
drums reportedly are empty. The drums are stored in a room that contains a pile of debris and three of the
drums are resting on this pile. Most of the floor space of this building is covered with debris largely
consisting of inert materials such as wood, doors, old mattresses, pipes, and an abandoned refrigerator. No
drainage trenches, drain pipes, or sumps were observed that might indicate the presence of a drainage system
which is generally associated with NIKE assembly buildings. A small building was located northwest of the
assembly building. This building contained two open bags of concrete and one 55-gallon fiber drum labeled
"Meadow Gold". The drum felt empty when pushed. The maintenance shop (Figure 2-2) consists of
two contiguous sheds. The smaller shed contained very little debris. The larger shed was full of debris
consisting of remnants of cable wire on spools, wood, workbenches, empty 5-gallon buckets, tires, and metal
tubing among other items. Much of the concrete floor of the larger shed was stained with what appeared to
be motor oil.

The acid fueling area (Figure 2-2) contains a concrete pad, approximately 10 by 15 feet; a concrete
structure that appears to be a hexagonal vault or tank; and a second concrete pad, approximately 4 by 7 feet.
These structures are contiguous and a water pipe with a shower head and a vent pipe extend from the second
concrete pad (which is believed to be the foundation for a acid fueling station). The area is heavily vegetated
and no outward signs of a drainfield is present (i.e., sumps or drains).

The generator building (Figure 2-4) contains an aboveground storage tank previously used by the
Army to store diesel fuel and later used by Mr. Olhava to store gasoline. Two series of trenches run the
length of the concrete foundation of the building. The northernmost trenches were used to convey piping
from the AST to the generators. The southernmost trenches were used for electrical conduit. No drains or
sumps were observed in these trenches or in the building foundation. A vent pipe extends from the ground on
the northwest corner of the building. The pipe is connected to the AST and at one time also was connected to
the former UST that was located in this area. A fenced enclosure containing the three pad-mounted
transformers (non-PCB transformers) is located southeast of the generator building. The concrete under the
transformers appeared to be stained with oil.

Although the missile silos were not entered, the concrete roofs of the silos, which are at the ground
surface, were observed. The silo roofs contain several pipe, wiring, and ventilation vaults. A large,
backfilled excavation is present north of each silo. The excavations extend across the silo perimeter road
north to the drainage ditch. Nearly the entire length of the drainage ditch also has been excavated and

2-9


-------
backfilled as has a trench along the northern side of the road to the generator building. The excavations were
conducted to remove suspected asbestos containing electrical conduit leading from the generator building to
the missile silos (E & E 1996).

The barracks septic system is located southeast of site's property boundary on land sold by Mr.
Olhava to the State of Washington in the 1970s. A locked gate is present in the site's perimeter fence at this
location.

The well house contains a water tank with an approximate capacity of 1,000 gallons and the water
well. The well pump has been disconnected, however, it is still in place.

2-10


-------
UST
(Former
Location)

I

L.

Shower
Room

Bathroom

Boiler
Room

J

Bay Door

Shaded Areas = Building Additions
Added by Olhava Family

OO

oo

Bedroom

Ro

SUB

Sealed 55 Gallon Drums
(Labeled "Lead Paint")

Bay Door

Drawins Not to Scale

ecology and environment, inc.

I&J] International Specialists in the Environment
Seattle, Washington

Title:

FORMER NIKE MISSILE
LAUNCH SITE #81
Poulsbo, Washington

Figure 2-3

ASSEMBLY BUILDING
NIKE MISSILE BASE

Drawn By:

Date

TDD/Job No.

Dwg. No.

MRE

10-16-96

AG1301

AG1301F4

2-U


-------

-------
3.0 MIGRATION/EXPOSURE PATHWAYS AND TARGETS

The following sections describe migration/exposure pathways and potential targets within the site's
range of influence (Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2).

3.1 GROUNDWATER MIGRATION PATHWAY

The site is underlain by approximately 80 feet of glacial till deposited during the Vashon period
(ERM 1992). Vashon till is typically impervious to groundwater flow except through thin, often discontinu-
ous, sand and gravel stringers. The Vashon till will cause precipitation to perch at or near the ground surface
and may hold such waters in shallow depressions allowing the formations of wetlands (ERM 1992).

The Vashon till is underlain by the Puyallup Formation which consists of sand and gravel with some
clay interbeds. The Admiralty Formation, which underlies the Puyallup Formation, is a regional clay
formation of varying thicknesses with low permeability (ERM 1992).

Well logs of test borings in the area indicate that perched water occurs on the surface of the glacial
till, at an average depth of 2.5 feet bgs (ERM 1992). A boring log of the on-site water supply well
(unpublished data) indicates that the first groundwater aquifer occurs at a depth of approximately 103 feet
bgs. Static water level in the well was recorded at a depth of 93 feet bgs. The well was completed in a well-
graded sand formation suggesting that it taps the Puyallup Formation (ERM 1992). This well was taken out-
of-service when transformers supplying power to the well were removed (E & E 1996).

In 1994, subsurface exploration was performed at and adjacent to the Nike site by Harza Northwest,
Inc. A truck-mounted drill rig was used to drill eight widely-spaced boreholes (Harza 1994). Three of the
boreholes (B-l, B-2, B-3) were drilled within or bordering the former Nike site (Figure 2.2). Groundwater
was encountered in two of these borings at depths of 9 and 20 feet bgs. The groundwater encountered as
possibly perched. According to borehole logs, the upper 1.5 to 5 feet of surface soils consist of loose to
dense silty sand. In boring B-l, very dense olive grey sand was encountered under the upper horizon at 5 feet
bgs. In borings B-2 and B-3, the upper horizon was underlain by interbedded mottled silty sand, clayey sand,
sand, and silty clay/clayey silt (Harza 1994). The lower horizon ranged in thickness from 2.5 to 3 feet thick.
Boring B-2 contained very dense olive grey sand from 8 feet bgs to the bottom of the hole at 20.5 feet bgs.

3-1


-------
u>

f

to


-------

-------
Boring B-3 contained very dense olive grey silty sand from 5.5 feet bgs to the bottom of the hole at 20.5 feet
bgs. A significant percentage of gravel and cobbles was encountered in all borings throughout the drilled
intervals (Harza 1994).

Seventeen municipal water systems are present within 4 miles of the site (EPA 1996). The majority
of these systems (11 total) consist of one well serving a small community of less than 300 people. Four of
the multiple well water systems have all their wells in the same distance ring. The two remaining water
systems with multiple wells (i.e., the City of Poulsbo and Naval Sub Base Bangor) have wells in more than
one distance ring. The City of Poulsbo operates five wells serving approximately 2,745 people: three active,
one standby, and one inactive (Strickland 1996). The Bangor Naval Sub Base operates six active wells
serving a total population of 15,600 people (Pittman 1996). Water for these systems is blended and no one
well contributes more than 40 percent to the water system (Strickland 1996, Pittman 1996). For this reason,
the population served by each well was apportioned by dividing the total population served by the number of
wells in each system as follows:

•	City of Poulsbo: total population 2,745 / 4 wells = 686.25 people per well; and

•	Naval Sub Base Bangor: total population 15,600 / 6 wells = 2,600 people per well.

A search of State of Washington water well reports maintained in Belleuve, Washington revealed
only one well log within 4 miles of the site, a private drinking water well located approximately 1 - 2 miles
from the site (Petrovich 1996). Although not on record, it is expected that additional private wells exist due
to the rural setting of the site. The average number of persons per household for Kitsap county is 2.65 people
(USDC 1990). The nearest well is a City of Poulsbo standby municipal well located approximately 0.3 miles
southeast of the site (EPA 1996). Populations using groundwater for drinking water are summarized in Table
3-1.

3-2


-------


Table 3-1



GROUNDWATER DRINKING WATER POPULATION WITHIN A 4-MILE RADIUS







Total Population per Dis-

Distance (Miles)

Well Identification

Well Population

tance Ring

0- 1/4

NA

0

0

1/4 - 1/2

City of Poulsbo

686.25

686

1/2- 1

Poulsbo Heights

43





Poulsbo Heights

43

86

1-2

Private Well

2.65





City of Poulsbo (2)

1,372.5





Back Forty Water System (2)

42





Pioneer Acres

30





Viewside Community Water

108

1,611



Vinland View (2)

56



2-3

City of Poulsbo (1)

686.25





Bela Vista

283





Gala Pines Water

180





Pioneer Hill West

45





Scandialand Mobile Home Park

81





Sherman Hill

15

1,290

3-4

Edgewater Estates (3)

1,186





Naval Sub Base Bangor (5)

13,000





Indian Hills Estates

110





Lincoln Hills Estates

31





Lofall Water

42





Rhododendron Mobile Home Park

56

14,425

Total





18,098

Source: EPA 1996

3.2 SURFACE WASTE MIGRATION PATHWAY

The site is situated on a plateau on the western flank of the Big Valley River at an elevation of
approximately 300 feet above mean sea level (ERM 1992; USGS 1981). According to borehole logs, the
upper 1.5 to 5 feet of surface soils consist of loose to dense silty sand (Harza 1994). The land surface at the
site slopes south and southeast. The drainage ditch flanking the northern side of the missile perimeter road
drains to a small wetland/pond. Liberty Bay, an inlet of Puget Sound, and the mouth of the Big Valley River
are both located approximately one mile southeast of the site. An overland route from the site to this surface
water body was not identified in the field.

The 2-year, 24-hour rainfall event for the area of the site is 2.5 inches (NOAA 1973). The
upgradient drainage area of the site is estimated from a topographic map to be approximately 300 to 500
acres (USGS 1981).

3-3


-------
Because Liberty Bay and the Puget Sound are salt water bodies, no domestic or irrigation surface
water intakes are located within 15 miles downstream of the site. Approximately 36,699 salmon and 24,951
bottomfish were caught for sport in 1993 from within 15 miles downstream of the site (WDF&W 1993b). It
is estimated that each salmon weighed 7 pounds and that each bottomfish weighed 3 pounds. Approximately
1,925,000 pounds of Chinook, 11,964,000 pounds of Chum, 13,461,000 pounds of Pink, 4,767,000 pounds
of Coho, and 10,428,000 pounds of Sockeye salmon per year are caught commercially from the Puget Sound
(based on a five average ending in 1993) (WDF&W 1993a). Further, approximately 6,207,000 pounds of
other anadromous fish and salmon eggs were harvested commercially from the Puget Sound annually for this
period (WDF&W 1993a). It is estimated that 5% of fish and salmon eggs harvested commercially from the
Puget Sound are caught within 15 miles downstream of the site. Catch figures for species caught within 15
miles downstream of the site are provided in Table 3-2.

CA1

rCH FIGURES wr

Table 3-2
rHTN 15 MILES DO

WNSTREAM OF TI

IE SITE

Fishing Type

Type of Catch

Number of Fish

Fish Weight in
Pounds

Total Pounds

Sport

Salmon
Bottomfish

36,699
24,951

7
3

256,893
74,853

Commercial

Chinook
Chum
Pink
Coho
Sockeye
Other Anadromous
Fish and Salmon
Eggs





96,250
598,200
673,050
238,350
521,400

310,350

Total

2,769,346

Sources: WDF&W 1993a; WDF&W 1993b

It is estimated from Wildlife Information Public Data Release maps that approximately 60 miles of
wetlands exist within 15 miles downstream of the site (WDF&W 1996).

3.3 SOIL EXPOSURE PATHWAY

Approximately 999 people reside within a 1 mile radius of the site. The closest home is located
approximately 300 feet to the south. The site is fully fenced and gated with one main entrance located on the
south side and two secondary entrances: one north of the missile silos and one east of the barracks. The gate

3-4


-------
for the entrance north of the silos has been removed. The remaining two gates are locked. No terrestrial
sensitive environments are known to occur at the site (WDF&W 1996). Table 3-3 provides population
figures for people residing within 1 mile of the site.

Table 3-3

POPULATIONS WITHIN A 1-MILE RADIUS

Distance Ring

Population

0 - 1/4 mile

50

1/4 - 1/2 mile

151

1/2 - 1 mile

798

Total

999

Source: EPA 1996

3.4 AIR MIGRATION PATHWAY

There is no one currently living or working at the Former Nike Missile Launch site #81. A total of
12,957 people live within a 4-mile radius of the site (EPA 1996). The closest occupied home is located
approximately 300 feet to the south. The Bald Eagle (haliaeetus laucocophalus), a Federally-and State-
listed threatened species, is known to reside between 1/4 and 1/2 mile from the site (WDF&W 1996).
Approximately 1,160.1 acres of wetlands are located within 4 miles of the site (EPA 1996). Table 3-4
provides populations and wetland acreage by distance ring within 4 miles of the site.

3-5


-------
Table 3-4

POPULATIONS AND WETLAND ACREAGE WITHIN A 4-MILE RADIUS

Distance (Miles)

Residents

Wetland Acreage

On a source

0

0

0- 1/4

50

6.0

1/4 - 1/2

151

15.6

1/2- 1

798

34.8

1-2

3950

312.9

2-3

4298

344.5

3-4

3710

446.4

Total

12.957

1,160.2

Source: EPA 1996

3-6


-------
4.0 REFERENCE LIST

Becker, Frederick, CHMM, Index Environmental Services, Inc., October 2, 1996, letter to Linda
Foster, Ecology and Environment, Inc., regarding Water Analysis for Silos; Olhava Site,

Poulsbo, Washington.

Bilodeau, Michael, Technical Manager, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, October, 1996, telephone
conversation with Linda Foster, Ecology and Environment, Inc., retarding the former Nike
Launch Site #81, Underground storage tank closures.

Ecology and Environment, Inc., September 26, 1996 to October 9, 1996, site logbook, Former NIKE
Launch site #81, Poulsbo Washington.

ERM Northwest, Inc. (ERM), September 23, 1992, Phase I and Phase II Environmental Site Assess-
ment, Nike Missile Base, Poulsbo, Washington.

Harza Northwest, Inc. (Harza), Preliminary Geotechnical Engineering Investigation, August 1994, for

Olhava Development, L.P. Highway 3 and Finn Hill Road (former Nike site), Poulsbo, Washington.

Law Environmental Services (LES), No date provided, The Nike Missile Site Investigation Program.

McLeod, R., February 3, 1967, Preliminary Report, Request for Disposal Documents, Sale Parcel No. 1,
Portion Army Nike-Ajax Site #81, Poulsbo, Washington, D-Wash-722.

Petrovich, Brad, Education/Outreach, Washington State Department of Ecology, (October 15, 1996),
telephone conversation with Mike Martin, regarding Water Well Reports for the Nike site area.

Pittman, Mike, Bangor Naval Sub Base, Public Works Department, October 16, 1996, telephone conversa-
tion concerning public water supply well information at the base.

Reynolds, Jill, Facility Supervisor, General Electric Company, June 19, 1996, letter to Mark Zenger,

Olhava Associates, L.P., regarding Final Disposal of PCB Materials.

Strickland, Chris, City of Poulsbo, Public Works Department, October 16, 1996, telephone conversation
concerning public water supply well information for the City of Poulsbo, Washington.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), 1995, Terul Glen P.E. for Mike Bilodeau, Project

Manager, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, regarding petroleum contaminated soil sampling
and determining extent of contamination at the former Nike Missile Launch Site #81,

Poulsbo, Washington.

U.S. Army Engineer District (USAED), Defense Environmental Restoration Program, August

16, 1985, Seattle Defense Area Nike Battery #81 (Poulsbo), Kitsap County, Washington.

4-1


-------
U.S. Department of Commerce (USDC), Bureau of Commerce, 1990, General Housing Characteris-
tics, Washington State.

	, 1973, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Precipitation-Frequency

Atlas of the Western United States, Volume IX - Washington.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), September 26, 1996, Site Information Query System,

Former Nike site #81, Poulsbo, Washington.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), 1981 revised, 7.5 Minute Series topographic maps of Lofall, Poulsbo, Port
Gamble, and Suquamish, Washington, quadrangles.

Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDF&W), Priority Habitats and Species List,

Habitat Program, January 1996, Olympia, Washington.

	, 1993a, Fisheries Statistical Report.

	, 1993b, Sport Catch Report for Foodfish.

White Shield, Inc. (WSI), March 1993, Closure Assessment Reports, Camp Hayden (ELWHA), Ollala Nike
62, Kingston Nike 92, Poulsbo Nike 81.

4-2


-------
ATTACHMENT A
PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION

4-3


-------




PHOTOGRAPH IDENTIFICATION SHEET

Camera Serial #: 645492
Lens Type: 35mm





TDD#: 96-07-0013
Site Name: Nike Missile Launch Site #81

Photo No.

Date

Time

By

Description

1

10/8/96

0925

MM

Looking north from the access road entrance towards the former
barracks parking area (barracks on right).

2

10/8/96

0932

MM

View of the former missile assembly building (similar garage door
on other side).

3

10/8/96

0939

MM

5 5-gallon drums located inside the former missile assembly build-
ing (labeled lead paint on top).

4

10/8/96

0944

MM

Debris located inside the former missile assembly building (un-
known if drains exist below debris).

5

10/8/96

0949

MM

Wood debris located south of the former missile assembly build-
ing.

6

10/8/96

0954

MM

View of debris in the maintenance building located southwest of
the assembly building (petroleum-stained concrete floors were
noted).

7

10/8/96

1010

MM

View of an unidentified concrete mound located in the acid fueling
area (note the water showering pole located behind the mound).

8

10/8/96

1018

MM

Looking north towards the three missile silo areas located below
ground.

9

10/8/96

1025

MM

Looking west towards the south end of the silo area (note access
road continuing on to the generator building).

10

10/8/96

1030

MM

View of one of the silo elevators that are all now inoperable.

11

10/8/96

1035

MM

Looking north towards middle (or second) silo area that is slightly
elevated from the first silo.

12

10/8/96

1037

MM

View of concrete debris containing electrical conduit that is piled
in the silo area (note another apparent shower in background).

13

10/8/96

1040

MM

View of north silo area and more concrete/piping debris dug up in
the area.

14

10/8/96

1045

MM

View of north silo elevator shaft.

15

10/8/96

1052

MM

Looking south along the west side of the silo area towards a large
amount of concrete/piping debris that is dug up in the area.

16

10/8/96

1100

MM

Looking south from access road towards the former generator
building where 2 USTs were removed from the west (right) side of
building (former transformer area is also located out of the picture
on the left side of photo).


-------
PHOTOGRAPH IDENTIFICATION SHEET

Camera Serial #: 645492 TDD#: 96-07-0013
Lens Type: 35mm Site Name: Nike Missile Launch Site #81

Photo No.

Date

Time

By

Description

17

10/8/96

1111

MM

View of existing (empty) petroleum AST located in the northwest
corner of the former generator building (vent pipe is located on the
other side of the wall at the corner of the building).

18

10/8/96

1118

MM

Looking south from main access road near entrance towards the
former barracks (UST also removed from side of this building).

19

10/8/96

1124

MM

View of water well (yellow, center) located inside the former pump
house (the well was reportedly abandoned in 1989).

20

10/8/96

1130

MM

Looking west towards the current property fenceline near the
barracks where a drainfield was reported to have existed).

MM = Mike Martin


-------
ATTACHMENT B

REFERENCES

(Included in original report only)

4-4


-------