Technical Support Document for the Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5) Contaminant Information Sheets


vvEPA

United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List

(CCL 5) -
Contaminant Information Sheets

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Office of Water (4607M)
EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022
www, epa. gov/ safewater

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EPA-Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the Final Fifth
Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA815-R-22-003
October 2022

Contents

Abbreviations and Acronyms	ii

Chapter 1 Introduction	1

Chapter 2 Overview of the Final CCL 5 CISs	3

Chapter 3 CIS Key	8

Appendix A Contaminant Information Sheets	A-l

Appendix B Contaminant Information Sheet References	B-l

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EPA-Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the Final Fifth
Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA815-R-22-003
October 2022

Abbreviations and Acronyms

CASRN

Chemical Abstract Services Registry Number

CCL

Contaminant Candidate List

CCL 1

EPA's First Contaminant Candidate List

CCL 2

EPA's Second Contaminant Candidate List

CCL 3

EPA's Third Contaminant Candidate List

CCL 4

EPA's Fourth Contaminant Candidate List

CCL 5

EPA's Fifth Contaminant Candidate List

CERCLA

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

CIS

Contaminant Information Sheet

CSF

Cancer Slope Factor

DSSTox

Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity Public Database Network

DTXSID

Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity Substance Identifier

FIFRA

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

EEC

Estimated environmental concentrations

EDWC

Estimated drinking water concentrations

fHQ

Final Hazard Quotient

HRL

Health Reference Level

KH

Henry's Law Constant

Kow

Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient

lbs/year

Pounds per year

LOAEL

Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level

NPDWR

National Primary Drinking Water Regulation

NHANES

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

NOAEL

No Observed Adverse Effect Level

OPP

Office of Pesticide Programs

OW

Office of Water

PWS

Public Water System

PCCL

Preliminary Contaminant Candidate List

QSAR

Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship

SDWA

Safe Drinking Water Act

SL

Screening Level

EPA

United States Environmental Protection Agency

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Contaminant Information Sheets

Chapter 1 Introduction

Section 1412(b)(l)(B)(i) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), as amended in 1996, requires
the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to publish every five years a list of
drinking water contaminants which are not subject to any proposed or promulgated National
Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs), are known or anticipated to occur in public
water systems (PWSs), and may require regulation under the SDWA. This list is known as the
Contaminant Candidate List, or CCL. The SDWA directs the agency to consider health effects
and occurrence information for unregulated contaminants to identify those that present the
greatest public health concern related to exposure from drinking water. EPA uses this list of
unregulated contaminants to help identify priority contaminants for regulatory decision making
and to prioritize research and data collection efforts. EPA published the Draft CCL 5 on July 19,
2021 (86 FR 37948).

EPA followed a 3-step process to identify chemicals for inclusion on the Final CCL 5. These
steps included:

Step 1. Building a broad universe of potential drinking water contaminants (called the CCL 5
Chemical Universe). EPA evaluated 134 data sources and identified 43 that were related to
potential drinking water chemical contaminants and met established CCL assessment factors.

From these data sources, EPA identified and extracted occurrence and health effects data for the
21,894 chemicals that form the CCL 5 Chemical Universe.

Step 2. Screening the CCL 5 Chemical Universe to identify a list of chemicals that should be
further evaluated (called the Preliminary CCL 5 (PCCL 5)). EPA established and applied a data-
driven screening points system to identify and prioritize a subset of chemicals with the greatest
potential for public health concern. The agency also incorporated publicly nominated chemicals
to the PCCL 5.

Step 3. Classifying PCCL 5 chemicals to select the Final CCL 5 chemicals. EPA compiled
occurrence and health effects information and imported it into a standardized document format,
called the Contaminant Information Sheet (CIS). The agency provided the CISs for use by two
evaluation teams of EPA scientists. The evaluation teams reviewed this information for each
chemical before reaching a group decision on whether to list a chemical on the CCL 5.

A more detailed description of the 3-step process used to develop the Final CCL 5 of chemicals
can be found in the Technical Support Document for the Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List
(CCL 5) - Chemical Contaminants,1 referred to hereafter as the Final CCL 5 Chemical Technical
Support Document.

The purpose of this document is to present the CISs and relevant information that helps readers
understand the data provided in the CISs. The remainder of this document is organized as
follows: Chapter 2 presents an overview of the Final CCL 5 CISs; Chapter 3 provides a graphic
illustration, also known as the CIS Key, to assist with interpretation of the data on the CIS.

In this document, Appendix A provides CISs for 214 chemicals evaluated by the evaluation teams;

1 USEPA. 2022. Technical Support Document for the Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5) - Chemical
Contaminants. EPA 815-R-22-002. October 2022.

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and Appendix B provides the references for bracketed citations on the CISs. The remaining
references for data sources on the CISs are included in Appendix N of the Final CCL 5 Chemical
Technical SupportDocument (USEPA, 2022).

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Chapter 2 Overview of the Final CCL 5 CISs

This chapter presents an overview of the CISs with a brief description of the data elements
presented and how they were used in the CCL 5 process. The CIS for each chemical is a concise,
four-page profile that was provided to the chemical evaluators to assist them in making listing
recommendations for the Final CCL 5. For select contaminants that have synonyms or other
forms but that use the same DTXSID, additional data was added for completeness and
transparency. Data that was added to the CIS between the Draft CCL 5 and Final CCL 5 are
highlighted in green.

The first page of each CIS includes a summary of the chemical's attribute scores, final hazard
quotient, health effects and occurrence information used to calculate the final hazard quotient,
chemical use information, and the chemical's status on the CCL. The second and third pages
include detailed health effects and occurrence data, respectively. The derivation and use of these
data are explained in detail in the Final CCL 5 Chemical Technical Support Document (USEPA,
2022). The fourth page lists the references that are cited in the CISs. Some chemical
contaminants have five-page CISs.

Page 1 - Summary and Decision

The first page of each chemical CIS contains six sections of information including contaminant
identifiers and use characteristics, the CCL 5 listing decision and final hazard quotient (fHQ),
attribute scores, health effects and occurrence information, and the status of the contaminant
with respect to nomination for the CCL 5 and decisions from previous CCL and regulatory
determination cycles. From left to right, the six sections are described as follows:

1) Contaminant Identification - presents the contaminant name, a unique DSSTox
Substance Identifier (DTXSID), the contaminant's Chemical Abstract Services Registry
Number (CASRN), use information, synonyms or other contaminant forms, and other
notes. The DTXSID field also contains a hyperlink to the chemical's profile on EPA's
CompTox Chemicals Dashboard. A second table indicates if the contaminant is on any
health or occurrence-related lists (e.g., FIFRA and CERCLA lists).

2) Contaminant Summary and Decision - indicates whether the contaminant was listed
on the CCL 5 and presents the chemical's final hazard quotient (concentration in
water divided by the health concentration).

3) Contaminant Status - indicates the status of the contaminant with respect to public
nomination for the CCL 5, previous listing on CCLs 1-4, and previous negative
regulatory determinations and the basis for that determination, if applicable.

4) Attribute Scores - presents assigned values/categories for each of the four CCL
attributes derived from the health effects and occurrence data presented on the CISs,
which are defined as follows:

a. Potency quantifies the potential for a chemical to cause adverse health effects
based on the dose required to elicit the most sensitive adverse effect as identified

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in a single study or assessment. Potency for chemicals is reflected in several
standard toxicological parameters, including reference dose (RfD) or its
equivalent, cancer slope factor (CSF) or its equivalent, no observed adverse effect
level (NOAEL), or lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL).

b.	Severity is a descriptive measure of the adverse health effect associated with the
toxicity value that is used as the measure of potency and corresponds with the
type of adverse outcome expected to occur at the LOAEL of a chemical.

c.	Prevalence provides a measure of how widespread the occurrence of the
chemical is in the environment in the United States. The data used to develop the
prevalence score may include the percent of PWSs or monitoring sites with
detections of the contaminant, the number of states where pesticides are applied
or releases to the environment are reported or chemicals are produced in pounds
per year (lbs/year).

d.	Magnitude refers to the quantity of a chemical that is or may be in the
environment. This was measured using the median value concentration of
detections (if available) in drinking water or ambient water or the total pounds of
a chemical released to the environment. In cases where magnitude data are not
available, persistence and mobility data (i.e., chemical property/environmental
fate parameters) were used as surrogates for water occurrence or release data (see
the Final CCL 5 Chemical Technical Support Document (USEPA, 2022) for
discussion). If a median was not available, the maximum was used.

5)	Health Effects Information - presents the health effects information used to calculate
the fHQ. If available, a health concentration (i.e., health reference level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (CCL SL) was calculated from information provided by the cited
assessment source. Health concentrations can be calculated for non-cancer and cancer
endpoints and various target populations. The critical effect and target population from
the selected assessment are also presented in this section.

Health concentrations are expressed as a concentration of a chemical in drinking water
(expressed in |ig/L). To determine the health concentration for a chemical, the agency
considered adverse health effects that may pose a greater risk to specific life stages
and other sensitive groups which represent a meaningful portion of the population.
Although an HRL or SL was calculated for every qualifying or non-qualifying data
element presented on the health effects page, a single health concentration was chosen
to calculate the fHQ that is presented on the Summary and Decision page. More
details on this process is provided in Section 4.3.1 of the Final CCL 5 Chemical
Technical Support Document (USEPA, 2022). The assessment used as the source of
the health concentration is the same assessment used as the source of the potency and
severity attribute scores. This assessment is highlighted in yellow on the health effects
page.

6)	Occurrence Information - presents occurrence data used to calculate the fHQ - the 90th
percentile concentration occurrence value, if available, or the next highest percentile
value or the maximum concentration of detections (expressed in |ig/L). This section also
indicates the data source, the type of water source monitored (e.g., finished or ambient
water), and the monitoring date range. If measured data were unavailable, modeled

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concentrations were used. A description of the selection process for the water
concentration used to calculate the fHQ is provided in Section 4.3.2 and
Appendix Hof the Final CCL 5 Chemical Technical Support Document (USEPA,
2022).

Page 2 - Health Effects Data

The second page of the CISs presents the available health effects data for each chemical.

Thepage is split into three distinct sections:

1. Qualifying and Non-Qualifying Health Effects Data - presents data elements
extractedfrom qualifying health assessments first followed by data elements extracted
from non- qualifying health assessments. Differences between these two types of
assessments are described in Section 4.3.1 of the Final CCL 5 Chemical Technical
Support Document (USEPA, 2022). The column headings indicate the data element,
the numerical or qualitative value, associated units, and assessment source and year
associated with the data element. Typically, the year is the date of publication of the
data, although given the variability of the formatting of the data sources, it may
represent a toxicological study date or the date when the data source website was last
updated or accessed. If available, the critical study and effect are noted alongside the
target population and exposure factor used to derive the HRL or CCL SL; a reference
to the full citation is provided on page 4 of the CIS. A notes field is filled in if other
pertinent information for a particular data element or a specific data source is
available. The row for the data element used to develop the potency and severity
attribute scores and to calculate the final hazard quotientis shaded yellow.

2. Literature Search Summary - summarizes results from the rapid systematic review
conducted for relevant health effects information, as further described in Section 4.2.2
of the Final CCL 5 Chemical Technical Support Document (USEPA, 2022). Search
start andend dates, based on the date of the most recent published health assessment
for the chemical of interest, are listed. The number of unique references identified for
each chemical and deemed relevant after title-abstract screening and full-text review
is also provided. If available, lowest LOAEL and highest NOAEL health effects
information from animal toxicity studies are presented with the corresponding study
references. Additional supplementary materials and rapid systematic review results
for each chemicalare accessible via the CCL 5 docket (EPA-HQ-OW-2018-0594).

3. Other Health Data - at the bottom of the health effects data page of the CIS are
other supporting qualitative and quantitative data. These data represent measured
and modeledhealth effects information collected from primary data sources and the
CompTox Chemicals Dashboard. Examples include cancer classifications from non-
EPA sources, toxicity or benchmark values for multiple exposure durations (e.g.,
acute) and routes (e.g., inhalation), and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR)
results. Data thathave been modeled are provided in a separate table from the measured data.

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Page 3 - Occurrence Data

The third page of the CISs provides the available occurrence data for each chemical.
Data used to develop the occurrence attribute scores, also known as "scoring data,"
are presented at the top of the page, followed by "non-scoring data". Scoring data
associated with a higher attribute score (i.e., higher prevalence or higher magnitude) is
presented first. The page is split into six distinct sections:

1.	Nationally Representative Water Data - nationally representative finished water
data represent the best estimation of the potential for human exposure; therefore, they
are listed first in this section, followed by ambient water data. The column headers
for the water data include the data source; number of total PWSs, sampling sites, or
samples; number of positive results (referred to as "detects"); an indication as to
whether these values correspond to PWSs, sampling sites, or samples; percent of
PWSs, sites, or samples with detects; and where available, minimum, maximum,
median, 90th percentile;units; sampling year(s); and a notes field. The row with the
occurrence data element usedto develop the prevalence and magnitude attribute
scores is shaded yellow on the CIS.

2.	Application, Release, and Production Data - if water data were not available, then
application, release, and production data were used to develop attribute scores to
estimatethe potential occurrence of chemicals in water. These include pesticide
application data, toxic release data, and chemical production data, all measured in
lbs/year, for the most recent year for which data were available at the time of CCL 5
data collection. In addition, the pesticide application and toxic release data provide
counts for how many states a chemical was applied or released in the data collection
year.

3.	Non-Nationally Representative Water Data - non-nationally representative water
data are presented in the following order: finished water data, ambient water data, and
waste water effluent data. These data were not used to develop attribute scores since
they are not nationally representative; therefore, they are listed as "non-scoring data."
This section includes data from both primary and supplemental data sources. Similar
to the Nationally Representative Water Data section, the data in this section includes
column headers for the water occurrence data, including the data source; number of
total PWSs, sampling sites, samples; number of detects, number of PWSs, sampling
sites, or samples; percent ofdetects; and where available, minimum, maximum,
median, 90th percentile; units; sampling year(s); and a notes field.

4.	Estimated Concentration in Water - estimated occurrence concentrations for
pesticidesthat lacked nationally representative finished and/or nationally
representative ambient water data. The data sources of presented modeled occurrence
concentrations are EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) risk assessments. This
section provides modeled concentrations, known as estimated environmental
concentrations (EECs) or estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs),
accompanied by information on the assessment source, publication date, model used,
and any other relevant notes. A description of the estimated occurrence

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concentrations used in CCL 5 is provided in Section 4.2.1.2 of the Final CCL 5
Chemical Technical Support Document (USEPA, 2022).

5.	Predicted Exposure and Biomonitoring Data - predicted exposure data from the
EPA CompTox Dashboard provide results from qualitative structure-activity
relationship (QSAR) and ExpoCast models that have been developed to predict
chemical identifications such as toxicity endpoints, physical properties, exposure
and environmental fate parameters. This information is presented in addition to the
biomonitoring data collected by CDC's National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey (NHANES), which provides data for detections at the 90th percentile in
human tissues and fluids such as serum, blood, and urine. This information is
included because the data suggest there is exposure in the U.S. population; there are
serious known or suspected health effects associated with different levels of
exposure; and there may be limited availability and adequacy of analytical
methods, and other logistical and cost considerations that resulted in limited
finished or ambient water data.

6.	Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters - includes any available data on
environmental fate parameters. These modeled parameters from the EPA
CompToxDashboard provide measures of a chemical's persistence and mobility
in the environment. These measures include half-life (ti/2), boiling point, vapor
pressure, solubility in water, bioconcentration factor, Henry's Law constant
(Kh), and octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow).

Page 4 - References

The fourth page presents the references for the bracketed citations on the first three
pages. References for all primary data sources are provided in Appendix N of the
Final CCL 5 Chemical Technical Support Document (USEPA, 2022).

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Chapter 3 CIS Key

The following four pages provide an annotated graphic illustration, known as the CIS
Key, to assist with interpretation of the data on the CIS.

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Contaminant Identification: Presents
the contaminant name, DSSTox
Substance ID (DTXSID) and Chemical
Abstract Services Registry Number
(CASRN), use, notes, and its status on
health or occurrence related lists.

Propiconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Propiconazole

CASRN:

60207-90-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID8024280

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:

This CIS also contains some data for the following:

-Cis-propiconazole

-Trans-propiconazole





Is the oA

Btet on any lists?

CERCLA





FIFRA



X

Human Neurotoxicants





PubMed Neurotoxicants





Neurodev. Disruptors





Androgen Receptors in vitro





Compounds with neurodev effe<

1undy etal 2015



Green shading

indicates data updated
between publication of
Draft and Final CCL 5.

Contaminant Summary and Decision: Indicates the
contaminant's status on the CCL 5 and presents the
final hazard quotient (concentration in water divided
by the Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening
Level (SL)).

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Contaminant Status: Indicates if the
contaminant was publicly nominated for CCL
5, its status on previous CCL cycles, and past
negative regulatory determinations and the
basis for that determination. If the contaminant
does not have a negative regulatory
determination, "Not Applicable" is recorded.



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION



CCL5 List Decision



Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

Not List



0.000065

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

2











Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value
(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment
Source

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

600

Liver toxicity; increased liver weight in males,
and increase in liver lesions (masses/raised
areas/swellings/nodular areas)

general population

OPP

2019













Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient
(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.039

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Attribute Scores:

Presents assigned values/
categories for each of
the four CCL attributes
derived from the health
effects and occurrence
data presented on the
CISs. Attribute scores
allow EPA to compare
relative toxicity and
occurrence of CCL 5
chemicals.

¥

Occurrence information: Presents
occurrence data used to calculate
the final hazard quotient - the
90th percentile concentration
occurrence value, if available, or
the next highest percentile value
or the maximum concentration
of detections. If measured data
were unavailable, modeled
concentrations were used. Also,
indicates water type, data source,
and monitoring date(s).

I

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Health Effects Information: Presents data
elements used to calculate the final hazard quotient,
including the Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL), the assessment from which the
HRL or CCL SL was derived, and the corresponding
critical effect and target population. The assessment
listed here was also used as a source for the potency
and severity attribute scores.

¥

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Contaminant Information Sheets

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Propiconazo^B

CCL 5 Contc . Information S

HEALTH EFFeI^DATA	

Qualifying Assessments, Exposur

Qualifying and Non-Qualifying Health Effects Data: Presents data elements from qualifying
health assessments first, followed by those from non-qualifying health assessments. The
column headings summarize the data element, the numerical value (or qualitative, for cancer
classifications), units and assessment source and year associated with the data element. If
available, the critical study and effect are noted along with the target population, exposure
factor, HRL or CCL SL, and a reference to the full citation on the references page. A notes field
is filled in if other pertinent information for a particular data element is available.

Data Element

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

mg/kg/day

Source

OPP 2019

Study

Ciba Geigy
Corporation
1982

Liver toxicity; increased liver weight in males, and increase in liver lesions
(masses/raised areas/ swellings/nodular areas)

Yellow shading indicates the data used to
populate the potency and severity attribute
scores, health effects information, and final
hazard quotient sections on the Summary +
Decision page.

general population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

33.8

HRL (ug/L) ~\~t
592

Assessment Full
Citation

[425]

Cancer Classification (CC)

[425]

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Stt

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

2

mg/L

EPAHHBP



Acute PAD

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.6

mg/L

EPAHHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.6

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS

propiconazole

Health-Based Screening Level

0.6

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS

cis-propiconazole

Health-Based Screening Level

0.6

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS

trans-propiconazole

Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.1

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Literature Search Summary: Summarizes the rapid systematic review
results for relevant health effects information. If available, the lowest
LOAEL and highest NOAEL health effects information from animal
toxicology studies are presented with references. Search date ranges
based on the publication date of the most recent health assessment are
listed. The numbers of unique references identified and deemed relevant
after title-abstract screen and full-text review are also provided.

Notes: Yellow highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

LD50

1490

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

1517

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

8.39999962

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

19.93

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

6.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

77.5899963

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

1.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

16.82

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.00405509

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.333

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.484

no units

TEST QSAR



Other Health Data: Presents supporting qualitative
and quantitative health effects data. These data
represent measured and modeled health effects
information collected from primary data sources and
the CompTox Chemicals Dashboard. Modeled data
is provided in a separate table from measured data.

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Propiconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Informatii
OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring

Data



Nationally Representative Water Data

Finished Water

Nationally Representative Water Data: Scoring data presented in order
of the hierarchical attribute scoring protocol established for prevalence
and magnitude. Finished water data from the most recent UCMR cycle
are shown first, followed by the preceding UCMR cycles, then UCM and
finally NIRS. Lastly, national ambient water data from NAWQA.

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

Ambient Water

National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (SurfaceWatetJ
National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Grounll

Pesticide Application Data

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

Non-Scoring Data

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Finished Water

Non-Nationally Representative Water
Data: Non-scoring data from primary and
supplemental sources that are presented
in order of hierarchy, separated into three
categories: finished water data, ambient
water data, and waste water effluent data.

Yellow shading indicates the
data used to calculate the
prevalence and magnitude
attribute scores on the
Summary + Decision Page.

Application, Release, and Production Data:

Additional scoring data for Prevalence
and Magnitude used to estimate potential
occurrence in water in the absence of
measured water data. They include
application rate data for pesticides, toxic
release data, and chemical production data.

90th Percentile Maximum Cone.

(Detects)

(Detects)

Magnitude

USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

ug/L

USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

ug/L

Ambient Water

Magnitude

National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

ug/L

National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

ug/L

National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

ug/L

USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

ug/L

USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

ug/L

USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

ug/L

Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pestifide Regulation fAmhientl 14511

Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

J22LML

124

Sites

g.7

Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 201

USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 201

Waste Water Effluent

Estimated Concentration in Water

Estimated Concentration in Water: Pesticide modeled
concentrations used in instances when no finished or ambient
water data were available. The modeled value and units are
included in this section, accompanied by information on the
source, publication date, model used, and relevant notes.

ug/L

ug/L

cis-propiconazole

ug/L

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.63E-08





Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Biodegradation half-life

Boiling point

Modeled Environmental Fate
Parameters: Available environmental fate
parameters for a chemical extracted from
EPA's CompTox Dashboard. For persistence,
this includes the chemical's half-life. The
remaining properties relate to a chemical's
mobility in the environment.

days

Biomonitoring Data

NHANES biomonitoring detection in se
NHANES biomonitoring detection in bl
NHANES biomonitoring detection in ur

Notes: Highlighted
Blank fields indicate
"All Water" data froi
Monitoring dates for non-scoring datal
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data
UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Predicted Exposure and Biomonitoring Data: Predicted daily exposure
(ExpoCast) data extracted from EPA's CompTox Dashboard are presented above
biomonitoring data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
(NHANES) Biospecimen Program. Biomonitoring values presented are the 90th
percentile concentrations of compounds in serum, blood and/oinurine.

degree C

0.000000409

mol/L

0.000192309

mol/L

atm-mA3/mol

(log Kow)

-------
EPA-Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propiconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-
Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W.T., ... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant exposure
in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

425

USEPA. 2019. Propiconazole Human Health Risk Assessment for the New Use of Propiconazole on Avocado, along with Conversion to Brassica, leafy greens, subgroup 4-16B, except watercress, Leaf petiole
vegetable subgroup 22B, Celtuce, Florence fennel, Swiss chard, and the expansion to Vegetable, root, except sugar beet, subgroup IB. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0127-0007. DP No. D446376. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D., ... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticides in
Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

I

References: This page presents the full references for the
bracketed citations on the CISs.

12

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the	EPA 815-R-22-003

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)	October 2022

Contaminant Information Sheets

Appendix A Contaminant Information Sheets

This appendix contains CISs for the 214 chemicals reviewed by the evaluation teams for the CCL 5.
These chemicals are listed in alphabetic order in a table, followed by 859 pages of CISs in a tabular
format containing background, health effects, and occurrence information. Due to the technical
limitations of this section, for further assistance with reasonable accommodation please contact
Brynne Storsved at storsved.brynne@epa.gov or 202-564-4004.

Chemical Name

DTXSID

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

DTXSID7021318

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

DTXSID9021390

1,3-Butadiene

DTXSID3 020203

1,3 -Di chl oropropene

DTXSID 1022057

1,4-Dioxane

DTXSID4020533

17-alpha-ethynyl estradiol

DTXSID5020576

17-beta estradiol

DTXSID0020573

1-Butanol

DTXSID 1021740

lH-Benzotriazole, 4(or 5)-methyl-

DTXSID0026171

2-(2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (MCPP)

DTXSID9024194

2,4-Dichlorophenol

DTXSID 102043 9

2,4-Dichlorophenoxybutyric acid

DTXSID7024035

2,4-Dinitrophenol

DTXSID0020523

2,4-Dinitrotoluene

DTXSID0020529

2,6-Dinitrotoluene

DTXSID5020528

2-Aminotoluene

DTXSID 1026164

2-Hydroxyatrazine

DTXSID6037807

2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA)

DTXSID4024195

2-Methylnaphthalene

DTXSID4020878

4-Androstene-3,17-dione

DTXSID8024523

4-Nonylphenol (all isomers)

DTXSID3021857

4-tert-Octylphenol

DTXSID90223 60

6-Chloro-l,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

DTXSID 1037806

Acephate

DTXSID8023 846

Acetamiprid

DTXSID0034300

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid

DTXSID6037483

Acetochlor oxanilic acid (OA)

DTXSID 103 7484

Acetophenone

DTXSID6021828

Acrolein

DTXSID5020023

Acyclovir

DTXSID 1022556

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

DTXSID6037485

A-1

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the	EPA 815-R-22-003

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)	October 2022

Contaminant Information Sheets

Chemical Name

DTXSID

Alachlor OA

DTXSID1037486

Aldrin

DTXSID8020040

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH)

DTXSID2020684

Ametryn

DTXSID 1023 869

Ammonia

DTXSID0023 872

Anthraquinone

DTXSID3020095

Atenolol

DTXSID2022628

Azoxystrobin

DTXSID0032520

Benfluralin

DTXSID3023899

Bensulide

DTXSID9032329

Bentazon

DTXSID0023 901

Benzophenone

DTXSID0021961

Bifenthrin

DTXSID9020160

Bisphenol A

DTXSID7020182

Boron

DTXSID3 023 922

Boscalid

DTXSID6034392

Bromacil

DTXSID4022020

Bromochloromethane

DTXSID4021503

Bromoxynil

DTXSID3 022162

Bupropion

DTXSID7022706

Butyl benzyl phthalate

DTXSID3 020205

Caffeine

DTXSID0020232

Calcium

DTXSID9050484

Camphor

DTXSID5030955

Carbamazepine

DTXSID4022731

Carbaryl

DTXSID9020247

Carbendazim (MBC)

DTXSID4024729

Carbon disulfide

DTXSID6023 947

Chlordecone (Kepone)

DTXSID 1020770

Chiorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22)

DTXSID60203 01

Chloromethane

DTXSID0021541

Chlorothalonil

DTXSID0020319

Chlorpyrifos

DTXSID402045 8

Clomazone

DTXSID1032355

Clopyralid

DTXSID9029221

Clothianidin

DTXSID2034465

Cobalt

DTXSID 1031040

Cotinine

DTXSID 1047576

A-2

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the	EPA 815-R-22-003

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)	October 2022

Contaminant Information Sheets

Chemical Name

DTXSID

Cycloate

DTXSID6032356

Cyfluthrin

DTXSID5035957

Cyhalothrin

DTXSID6023 997

Cypermethrin

DTXSID 1023 998

Cyprodinil

DTXSID 10323 59

Deethylatrazine

DTXSID5037494

Desisopropyl atrazine

DTXSID0037495

Desvenlafaxine

DTXSID40869118

Diazepam

DTXSID4020406

Diazinon

DTXSID9020407

Dicamba

DTXSID4024018

Dichlorvos

DTXSID5020449

Dicrotophos

DTXSID9023 914

Dieldrin

DTXSID9020453

Diethyl phthalate

DTXSID7021780

Difenoconazole

DTXSID4032372

Dimethenamid

DTXSID4032376

Dimethenamid oxanilic acid degradate (OXA)

DTXSID4037530

Dimethoate

DTXSID7020479

Di-n-butyl phthalate

DTXSID2021781

Diuron

DTXSID0020446

Esfenvalerate

DTXSID4032667

Ethalfluralin

DTXSID8032386

Ethion

DTXSID2024086

Ethoprop

DTXSID4032611

Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC)

DTXSID 1024091

Famoxadone

DTXSID8034588

Fenbuconazole

DTXSID8032548

Fenitrothion

DTXSID4032613

Fenpropathrin

DTXSID0024002

Fenthion

DTXSID8020620

Fexofenadine

DTXSID00861411

Fipronil

DTXSID4034609

Fluconazole

DTXSID3 020627

Flufenacet

DTXSID2032552

Fluometuron

DTXSID8020628

Fluoranthene

DTXSID3 024104

Fluoxetine

DTXSID7023067

A-3

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the	EPA 815-R-22-003

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)	October 2022

Contaminant Information Sheets

Chemical Name

DTXSID

Galaxolide

DTXSID8027373

Gemfibrozil

DTXSID0020652

Heroin

DTXSID6046761

Hexazinone

DTXSID4024145

Imazalil

DTXSID8024151

Imazapyr

DTXSID8034665

Imazaquin

DTXSID3024152

Imazethapyr

DTXSID3 024287

Imidacloprid

DTXSID5032442

Indoxacarb

DTXSID 1032690

Iprodione

DTXSID3024154

Isophorone

DTXSID8020759

Isopropylbenzene (Cumene)

DTXSID 1021827

Isoxaflutole

DTXSID5034723

Lactofen

DTXSID7024160

lambda-Cyhalothrin

DTXSID7032559

Lidocaine

DTXSID 1045166

Linuron

DTXSID2024163

Lithium

DTXSID5036761

Loratadine

DTXSID2023224

Magnesium

DTXSID0049658

Malathion

DTXSID4020791

Manganese

DTXSID2024169

Meprobamate

DTXSID3023261

Metal axyl

DTXSID6024175

Metformin

DTXSID2023270

Methocarbamol

DTXSID6023286

Methomyl

DTXSID 1022267

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)

DTXSID3020833

Methylmercury

DTXSID9024198

Metolachlor ESA

DTXSID 1037567

Metolachlor OA

DTXSID6037568

Metoprolol

DTXSID2023 309

Metribuzin

DTXSID6024204

Molybdenum

DTXSID 1024207

Morphine

DTXSID9023 336

Morphine-3 -glucuronide

DTXSID80174157

Myclobutanil

DTXSID8024315

A-4

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the	EPA 815-R-22-003

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)	October 2022

Contaminant Information Sheets

Chemical Name

DTXSID

N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)

DTXSID2021995

Naled

DTXSID 1024209

Naphthalene

DTXSID8020913

Nicotine

DTXSID 1020930

Norflurazon

DTXSID8024234

Oxadiazon

DTXSID3 02423 9

Oxyfluorfen

DTXSID7024241

p,p'-DDE

DTXSID9020374

p-Cresol

DTXSID7021869

Pendimethalin

DTXSID7024245

Permethrin

DTXSID8022292

Phenanthrene

DTXSID6024254

Phenol

DTXSID5021124

Phorate

DTXSID4032459

Phosmet

DTXSID5024261

Phosphorus

DTXSID 10243 82

Phostebupirim

DTXSID 1032482

Piperonyl butoxide

DTXSID 1021166

Potassium

DTXSID9049748

Profenofos

DTXSID3032464

Prometon

DTXSID6022341

Prometryn

DTXSID4024272

Pronamide

DTXSID2020420

Propachlor

DTXSID4024274

Propanil

DTXSID8022111

Propargite

DTXSID4024276

Propazine

DTXSID3021196

Propiconazole

DTXSID8024280

Propoxur

DTXSID7021948

Prosulfuron

DTXSID9034868

Pymetrozine

DTXSID2032637

Pyraclostrobin

DTXSID7032638

Pyrene

DTXSID3 024289

Pyridaben

DTXSID5032573

Quinoline

DTXSID 1021798

Silicon

DTXSID0051441

Sitagliptin

DTXSID70197572

Sodium

DTXSID 1049774

A-5

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the	EPA 815-R-22-003

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)	October 2022

Contaminant Information Sheets

Chemical Name

DTXSID

Sulfamethoxazole

DTXSID8026064

Sulfentrazone

DTXSID6032645

Sulfomethuron-methyl

DTXSID0034936

Tamoxifen

DTXSID 1034187

Tebuconazole

DTXSID9032113

Tebuthiuron

DTXSID3 024316

Tefluthrin

DTXSID5032577

Terbacil

DTXSID8024317

Terbufos

DTXSID2022254

Testosterone

DTXSID8022371

Tetraconazole

DTXSID8034956

Thiabendazole

DTXSID0021337

Thiamethoxam

DTXSID2034962

Thiobencarb

DTXSID60243 3 7

Thiram

DTXSID5021332

Tin

DTXSID 1049801

Tri-allate

DTXSID5024344

Tribufos

DTXSID 1024174

Tributyl phosphate

DTXSID3021986

Triclopyr

DTXSID0032497

Triclosan

DTXSID5032498

Tri ethyl citrate

DTXSID0040701

Trifloxystrobin

DTXSID4032580

Trifluralin

DTXSID4021395

Trimethylbenzene (1,2,4-)

DTXSID6021402

Tris(l,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCP)

DTXSID9026261

Tris(2-butoxylethyl) phosphate (TBEP)

DTXSID5021758

Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP)

DTXSID5021411

Tungsten

DTXSID8052481

Vanadium

DTXSID2040282

Verapamil

DTXSID9041152

A-6

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

1,1,2,2 -Tet ra ch lo roet ha ne

CASRN:

79-34-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID7021318

Use:

Industrial solvent; former pesticide; in manufacture of
paints, varnish, rust removers; in soil sterilization and
weed killer, insecticide formulations; chemical
intermediate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

carcinogen with linear MOA

5

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.1

hepatocellular carcinomas

general population

IRIS

2010



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

2.684

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM1

1988-1992

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is not expected to occur in many PWSs
today. While 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane was detected in both the UCM
Round 1 and the UCM Round 2 surveys, the percentage of detections
had decreased by the time the UCM Round 2 survey was performed in
the mid-1990's [a]. In addition, USGS did not detect 1,1,2,2-
tetrachloroethane in two subsequent monitoring surveys of source

jrsthat supply community water systems, using a reporting limit
that is less than the 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane HRLof 0.4 pg/L [b,c].
EPA believes that this decrease in detections occurred because

mercial production of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane ceased in the mid-
1980's [d].

USE PA, 2008 [297]; [b] Grady, 2003 [87]; [c] Delzer & lvahn«
2003 [68]; [d] ATSDR, 1996 [4]; as cited in US EPA, 2008 [296]

iko,

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-7

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0011

mg/kg/day

CALEPA 2003

Schmidt et
al. 1972

transient weight gain depression and increased liver fat content

general population

33.8

6.51

[57]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0107

mg/kg/day

OW 2008

NTP 2004

increase in relative liver weight

general population

33.8

63.3

[287]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.01071

mg/kg/day

OW 2008

NTP 2004

increase in relative liver weight

general population

33.8

63.4

[291]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.02

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2010

NTP 2004

increased relative liver weights

general population

33.8

118

[307]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.15

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CALEPA 2003

NCI 1978

hepatocellular carcinoma

general population

33.8

0.197

[57]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.085

(mg/kg/day) A-1

OW 2008

NCI 1978

hepatocellular carc

nomas

general population

33.8

0.348

[287]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.085

(mg/kg/day) A-1

OW 2008

NCI 1978

hepatocellular carc

nomas

general population

33.8

0.348

[291]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.2

(mg/kg/day) A-1

IRIS 2010

NCI 1978

hepatocellular carc

nomas

general population

33.8

0.148

[307]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OW 2008











[287]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OW 2008











[291]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



IRIS 2010











[307]









ATSDR 2008











[271



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(ml/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2009-09-01

2020-04-07

45

0

1



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

3

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.2

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.0002

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria forCWA



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.000058

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.5

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.0004

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Public Health Goal

0.0001

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Public Health Goals



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats E

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

250

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

2.55

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

1910

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

TD50

35.4

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0108893

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.148

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.374

no units

TEST QSAR



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-8

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroetiiane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

24,800

19

Sites

0.08

0.1

0.5

1.5

2





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992

20.407

91

Sites

0.45

0.05

0.5

2.68

200





National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

6.771

4

Sites

0.06

0.02

0.08

0.29

0.38





National Water Qua litv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

225

2

Sites

0.89

0.02

0.08

0.164

0.2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.546

2

Sites

0.03

0.06

0.22

0.316

0.38

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

9

5,936



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

466

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

885

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

1,098

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

4,714

4

Sites

0.08

0.8

1.2

3.36

4.28

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006-2011

3

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

130

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006-2011

13

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

1,521

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

112

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

237

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,806

2

Sites

0.07

2.1

4

13.8

18

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

3,039

2

Sites

0.07

2.1

4

13.8

18

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012 - 2013

158

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000368





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)

< LOD

ng/ml



NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

14.5265

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

147.582

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

132.363

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

7.28977

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

5.3827

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0176084

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0107647

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

11.7866

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

15.5239

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000500707

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.35016

no units



A-9

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1996. Toxicological Profile for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Public Health Service
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available on the Internet at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp93.html.

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

ATSDR. 2008. Toxicological Profile for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR),
Atlanta, GA.

CalEPA. 2003. Public Health Goal for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane in Drinking Water. California Environmental Protection Agency (Ca IE PA), Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Sacramento,
CA.

Delzer, G.C. and T. Ivahnenko. 2003. Occurrence and Temporal Variability of Methyl tertButyl Ether (MTBE) and Other Volatile Organic Compounds in Select Sources of Drinking Water: Results of the
Focused Survey. U.S. Geological Survey WaterResources Investigations Report 02-4084. 65 pp. Available on the Internet at: http://sd.water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pubs/wrir/wrir02_4084.pdf.

Grady, S.J. 2003. A National Survey of Methyl tert-Butyl Ether and Other Volatile Organic Compounds in Drinking-Water Sources: Results of the Random Survey. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources
Investigations Report 02-4079. 85 pp. Available on the Internet at: http://sd.water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pubs/wrir/wrir02 4079.pdf.

287

USEPA. 2008. Drinking Water Health Advisory for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Health and Ecological Criteria
Division, Washington, D.C.

291

USEPA. 2008. Health Effects Support Document for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, D.C.

296

USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

297

USEPA. 2008. The Analysis of Occurrence Data from the First Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 1) in Support of Regulatory Determinations for the Second Drinking Water
Contaminant Candidate List. EPA 815-R-08-013. June.

307

USEPA. 2010. Chemical Assessment Summary, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, D.C.

A-10

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

1,2,3-Tric hlo ro p ro pa ne

CASRN:

96-18-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID9021390

Use:

Paint ingredient

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neurotoxicants



Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et al 2015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

carcinogen with mutagenic MOA

8

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

("g/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment
Source

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.002

forestomach neoplasms

general population

IRIS

2009



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient

(F W, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.28

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

RD 1

RD 2

RD 3

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Basis

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a
Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-11

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

CCL5ContaminantlnformationSheet	E PA-OG WDW a n d OST	Octo be r 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.006

mg/kg/day

OW1989

NTP1983 a
and b

effects on body and organ weights, hematological effects, changes in
clinical chemistry and histopathological effects

general population

33.8

35.5

[201]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0057

mg/kg/day

CALEPA 2009

NTP1993

effects on erythrocytes

general population

33.8

33.7

[59]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.004

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2009

NTP1993

increased absolute liver weight

general population

33.8

23.7

[299]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

25

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CALEPA 2009

NTP1993

fore stomach neoplasms

general population

33.8

0.00118

[59]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

30

(mg/kg/day) A-1

IRIS 2009

NTP1993

fore stomach neoplasms

general population

33.8

0.00230

[299]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



IRIS 2009











[299]









ATSDR1992











[8]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening

Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Titie-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.6

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.007

mg/L

MNDOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.007

mg/L

MNDOH



Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.0003

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Benchmark

0.000005

mg/L

CalEPAOEHHA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0000003

mg/L

MNDOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.007

mg/L

MNDOH



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.06

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Public Health Goal

0.0000007

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Public Health Goals



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.0003

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.007

mg/L

MNDOH



Cancer Classification (CC)

2A

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats P

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.00803526

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.673

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.462

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

320

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

505

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.65

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

0.806

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

min

TD50

454

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-12

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scorin£Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015

4,916

67

Sites

1.36

0.03

0.073

0.28

1.02

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

24,088

19

Sites

0.08

0.03

0.5

16.6

3000

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992

17,392

44

Sites

0.25

0.1

0.915

6

112

ug/L



National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

7,695

83

Sites

1.08

0.002

0.2

0.839

2.92

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

265

1

Sites

0.38

0.12

0.16

0.179

0.179

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

7,430

82

Sites

1.1

0.002

0.206

0.851

2.92

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

5,040



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

502

69

Sites

14

0.001

0.014

0.6

29

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

885

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

1,204

0

Sites

0













Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





400

400



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

4,640

373

Sites

8.04

0.0018

0.032

0.31

270

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006 - 2011

3

1

Sites

33

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

130

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

14

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

1,690

1

Sites

0.06

0.0322

0.0335

0.0345

0.0348

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

112

1

Sites

0.89

0.33

0.33

0.33

0.33

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

222

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,422

51

Sites

1.49

0.002

0.0157

0.161

1.16

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

3,640

51

Sites

1.4

0.002

0.0157

0.161

1.16

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012 - 2013

685

12

Sites

1.75

0.005

0.0215

0.132

0.526

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.33 E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in blood (1999-2016)

< LOD

ng/ml



NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA a re not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.59332

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

147.27

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

145.101

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.2604

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

6.56145

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0143205

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0117761

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

11.92

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

16.1808

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000365755

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.27667

no units



A-13

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-
Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

ATSDR. 1992. Toxicological Profile for 1,2,3-Trichloropropane. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

CalEPA. 2009. Public Health Goals for Chemicals in Drinking Water, 1,2,3-Trichloropropane. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Pesticide
and Environmental Toxicology Branch, Sacramento, CA.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

201

USEPA. 1989. 1,2,3-Trichloropropane Drinking Water Health Adivsory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C.

299

USEPA. 2009. Chemical Assessment Summary, 1,2,3-Trichloropropane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

A-14

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

1,2,4-Tiri methyl be n ze n e

CASRN:

95-63-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID6021402

Use:

Chemical intermediate; vermifuge

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

6

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

60

decreased pain sensitivity

general population

IRIS

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

10

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM1

1988-1992

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-15

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.01

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2016

Korsak and
Rydzynski
1996

decreased pain sensitivity

general population

33.8

59.2

[373]

NOTE: IRIS utilized PBPK
modeling to extrapolate an
oral RfD from an inhalation
study

Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OW1987











[194]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



PPRTV 2007











[278]



Cancer Classification (CC)

1



IRIS 2016











[373]

NOTE: IRIS utilized PBPK
modeling to extrapolate an
oral RfD from an inhalation
study

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(ml/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2015-09-01

2020-04-06

17

0

0



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Benchmark

0.33

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.06

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.08

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.2

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

3

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

4

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.04

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.04

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3280

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

6000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

0.9

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0282488

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.482

no units

TEST QSAR



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-16

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,2,4-Tri methyl benzene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

22.965

174

Sites

0.76

0.1

0.8

5.42

137





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992

12.755

106

Sites

0.83

0.02

1

10

77





National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.705

695

Sites

9.02

0.004

0.03

0.199

260





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

265

76

Sites

29

0.005

0.0255

0.21

3.6





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

7.440

619

Sites

8.32

0.004

0.033

0.196

260

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

50

6,616,209



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

250M-500M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

405

5

Sites

1.23

0.039

1.15

8.02

22.3

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

884

11

Sites

1.24

0.5

0.68

2.1

2.4

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

1,188

1

Sites

0.08

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

4,250

14

Sites

0.33

0.034

0.645

2.45

3.5

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

130

2

Sites

1.54

0.6

0.79

0.798

0.8

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006-2011

13

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

1,665

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

101

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

219

13

Sites

5.94

0.011

0.033

0.0545

0.072

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3,487

204

Sites

5.85

0.01

0.0525

0.304

180

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,703

217

Sites

5.86

0.01

0.047

0.299

180

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

685

18

Sites

2.63

0.012

0.039

0.161

0.274

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000518





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.62726

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

169.007

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

178.053

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.87805

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.49279

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000492809

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00155239

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

144.739

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

218.776

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00706473

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.61901

no units



A-17

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

194

USEPA. 1987. Drinking Water Health Advisory for 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessmen
Office, Cincinnati, OH.

278

USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

373

USEPA. 2016. Toxicological Review of Trimethylbenzenes. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk
Information System (IRIS), Washington, D.C.

A-18

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,3-Butadiene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

1,3-Butadiene

CASRN:

106-99-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID3020203

Use:

Rubber chemical

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





1

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date









IRIS

2002



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.518

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-19

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,3-Butadiene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



IRIS 2002





















1249]

NOTE: according to IRIS:
"Oral RfD not calculated
because 1,3-butadiene is a
gas, is poorly soluble in
water, and causes hazard by
inhalation only"







ATSDR2012











[291



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.6

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CALEPA 2009

Melnicket
al. 1990

lung alveolar and bronchiolar neoplasms

general population

33.8

0.0493

[60]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAE L

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health

Highest NOAEL

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of

End Date of

No. Unique References

No. Animal Studies

No. Human

No. PECO Relevant Studies



(mg/kg





Effects

(mg/kg bw/day)





Search

Search

identified in lit search

passed Title-abstract

Studies passed

passed full-text review



bw/day)





















Screen

Title-abstract





























Screen















2001-11-01

2020-02-13

1334

0

45



Other Health Data





























Data Element

Value

Units



Source

Notes





Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

1

no units

WHO IARC



LD50



5480

mg/kg

NIH HSDB





Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.6

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CalEPAOEHHA Chemical Database



















Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.00017

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.00003

(ug/m3)A-l

EPA IRIS





Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Reference Concentration (RfC)

2

ug/mA3

CalEPAOEHHA Chemical Database



Modeled Data

Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.002

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



LD50

0.0291072

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Developmental toxin test

0.572

no units

TEST QSAR



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats NT

no units

HHSNTP



















Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats NT

no units

HHSNTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-20

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,3-Butadiene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

4,916

2

Sites

0.04

0.32

0.43

0.518

0.54





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.411

1

Sites

0.07

0.649

0.649

0.649

0.649





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

51

1

Sites

1.96

0.649

0.649

0.649

0.649





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.360

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

33

1,241,320



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1B-5B

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

47

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

824

1

Sites

0.12

0.81

0.81

0.81

0.81

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

871

1

Sites

0.11

0.81

0.81

0.81

0.81

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

527

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

7.4766

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

2.82833

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

18.339

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1266.91

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1213.39

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0170752

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.021727

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

11.0376

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

7.31139

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0679036

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.92103

no units



A-21

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,3-Butadiene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

29

ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for 1,3-Butadiene. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

60

CalEPA. 2009. Technical Support Document for Cancer Potency Factors, Appendix B. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Air
Toxicology and Epidemiology Branch, Sacramento, CA.

249

USEPA. 2002. Chemical Assessment Summary, 1,3-Butadiene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

A-22

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,3-Dichloropropene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

1,3- Die hlo ro p ro pe ne

CASRN:

542-75-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID1022057

Use:

pesticide; in organic synthesis

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neurotoxicants



Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et al 2015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

("g/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment
Source

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.2

forestomach, liver, adrenal, and thyroid tumors
found in male rats

general population

OPP

2008



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient

(F W, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.63

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM1

1988-1992

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

RD 1

RD 2

RD 3

Not Applicable

X

Not Applicable

Basis

1,3-DCP appears to occur infrequently at health levels of concern in PWSs.
While 1,3-DCP was detected in the UCM Round 1 (late 1980's) and the
UCM Round 2 (mid 1990's) surveys [a], it was not detected in a
subsequent evaluation of 796 small systems from the UCMR 1 survey [b].

addition, the USGS did not detect 1,3-DCP in two occurrence studies
performed between 1999 and 2001 using monitoring levels that were
lower than the HRL[c,d]. EPA believes the 1999 pesticide labeling
requirements, which are intended to mitigate risks to drinking water, may
be one reason for the lack of occurrence of 1,3-DCP at levels of concern in
subsequent monitoring surveys.

[a] USE PA, 2008 [298]; [b] USEPA, 2008 [297]; [c] Grady, 2003 [87]; [d]
Delzer & Ivahnenko, 2003 [68]; as cited in USEPA, 2008 [296]

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a
Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-23

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,3-Dichloropropene

CCL5ContaminantlnformationSheet	E PA-OG WDW a n d OST	Octo be r 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Qtation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.025

mg/kg/day

OPP 2008

Stott et al.
1995

decreased body weight gain, increased incidence of basal cell hyperplasia
of nonglandular stomach mucosa

general population

33.8

148

[285]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.122

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2008

NTP 1985;
Stott et al.
1995

forestomach, liver, adrenal, and thyroid tumors found in male rats

general population

33.8

0.243

[285]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2008











[285]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening

Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Titie-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.03

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.091

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CalEPAOEHHA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MNDOH



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.007

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.02

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.00027

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.000004

(ug/m3)A-l

EPA IRIS



Intermediate Inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.008

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.04

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.0004

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Public Health Goal

0.0002

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Public Health Goals



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.02

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female. Rats SE

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice IS

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats P

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.00398107

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

1.133

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.342

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

713

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

94

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

12.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in

0

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

1930

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

max

TD50

33.2

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

min

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-24

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,3-Dichloropropene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

796

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

16.787

58

Sites

0.35

0.2

0.5

0.99

39





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992

9.164

15

Sites

0.16

0.5

1

1.63

2





National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

24

59,344,846

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

10

7,907



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

464

2

Sites

0.43

0.5

1

1

1

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

879

1

Sites

0.11

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

4,667

5

Sites

0.11

0.52

0.605

0.75

10

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006-2011

2

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

129

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006-2011

13

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

112

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

94

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



3.56E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

5.3718

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

97.6161

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

97.43

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

31.8587

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

41.9759

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0196733

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0229087

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

7.94771

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

12.3027

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00202678

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.02743

no units



A-25

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,3-Dichloropropene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Delzer, G.C. and T. Ivahnenko. 2003. Occurrence and Temporal Variability of Methyl tertButyl Ether (MTBE) and Other Volatile Organic Compounds in Select Sources of Drinking Water: Results of the Focused
Survey. U.S. Geological Survey WaterResources Investigations Report 02-4084. 65 pp. Available on the Internet at: http://sd.water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pubs/wrir/wrir02_4084.pdf.

285

USEPA. 2008. 1,3-Dichloropropene: Proposed New Use for Drip Irrigation in Vineyards: Revised HED Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0154-0006. DP No. D347789. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

296

USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

297

USEPA. 2008. The Analysis of Occurrence Data from the First Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 1) in Support of Regulatory Determinations for the Second Drinking Water Contaminant
Candidate List. EPA 815-R-08-013. June.

298

USEPA. 2008. The Analysis of Occurrence Data from the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring (UCM) Program and National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS) in Support of Regulatory
Determinations for the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List. EPA 815-D-08-014. June.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticides in
Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-26

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,4-Dioxane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

1,4-Dioxane

CASRN:

123-91-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID4020533

Use:

Solvent; solvent stabilizer

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

carcinogen with linear MOA

10

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.3

hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in

general population

IRIS

2010



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.93

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013 - 2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-27

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,4-Dioxane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2012

Kociba et al.
1974

liver effects in male rats

general population

33.8

592

[30]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.03

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2010

Kociba et al.
1974

liver and kidney toxicity

general population

33.8

178

[308]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.096

mg/kg/day

WHO 2005

Kociba et al.
1974

renal tubular epithelial and hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis

general population

33.8

568

[439]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0054

mg/kg/day

HC 2018

Kociba et al.

1974;
Dourson et
al. 2014

hepatocellular necrosis

general population

33.8

32.0

[95]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.1

(mg/kg/day) A-1

IRIS 2010

Kano et al.
2009

hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in female mice

general population

33.8

0.296

[308]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



IRIS 2010











[308]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Hepatic, Systemic

440

Gi, 2018

Hepatic

562

Gi, 2018











1

Other Health Data

Data Element



Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.4

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

2

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Benchmark

0.001

mg/L

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.027

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0001

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.03

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.05

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.000005

(ug/m3)A-l

EPA IRIS



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.0000077

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Intermediate Inhalation Minimal Risk Level
(MRL)

0.2

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.5

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.00035

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.03

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

3000

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0335738

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.069

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.408

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5700

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

0.85

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

40.5

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

TD50

71900

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blan k fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-28

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,4-Dioxane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

4,915

1.077

Sites

22

0.07

0.17

0.93

34





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.406

8

Sites

0.57

0.568

1.83

16.5

18.9





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

51

5

Sites

9.8

0.568

2.06

17.6

18.9





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.355

3

Sites

0.22

0.9

1.83

3.06

3.58

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

24

617,134



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

42

18

Sites

43

0.5

1.5

3.2

9.1

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

10

8

Sites

80

0.0081

0.2

0.51

1.1

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.8

1.4



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

274

67

Sites

24

0.27

2

5.9

36

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

6

5

Sites

83

0.0272

0.24

1.3

3.5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

114

16

Sites

14

0.124

1.32

6.94

15.9

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

955

105

Sites

11

0.083

3.3

7.6

36

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,068

121

Sites

11

0.083

3.2

7.6

36

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Ambient) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.9

1.3



ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

4

Sites

11

0.7226

0.987

2.77

3.537

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

527

2

Sites

0.38

1

1.5

1.9

2

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000011





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)

< LOD

ng/ml



NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

10.227

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

101.678

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

99.984

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

41.0426

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

46.9894

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

11.2319

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

4.7863

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

0.779115

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.49968

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000147

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

-0.200282

no units



A-29

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1,4-Dioxane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

30

ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for 1,4-Dioxane. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

95

HC. 2018. Guideline Technical Document for Public Consultation, 1,4-Dioxane in Drinking Water. Health Canada (HC), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

308

USEPA. 2010. Chemical Assessment Summary, 1,4-Dioxane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washingtor
D.C.

439

WHO. 2005. 1,4-Dioxane in Drinking-water. WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

A-30

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1-Butanol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

1-Butanol

CASRN:

71-36-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID1021740

Use:

Paint solvent; chemical intermediate; food additive

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

8



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

600

ataxia and hypoactivity

general population

IRIS

1987



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

9.64712

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-31

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1-Butanol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1987

USE PA 1986

hypoactivity and ataxia

general population

33.8

592

[193]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1987











[1931



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Developmental

300

Sitarek, 1994

Reproductive

5654

Ema, 2005

1986-03-01

2020-03-16

4072

2

8

2

Other Health Data

Data Element

I Value

Units

1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

1 0.7

mg/L

Imn doh



l

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

790

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

1.23

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0105439

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.112

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.677

no units

TEST QSAR



A-32

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1-Butanol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.689

145

Sites

3.93

2

3.5

9.65

101.5552





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monito ring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.406

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

51

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.355

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

46

9,818,559



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1B-5B

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

43

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,104

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,147

0

Sites

0













Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

5.743

5.74

5.74

5.743

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

527

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000587





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.44861

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

111.366

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

118.364

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

7.55899

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

5.29663

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

1.20266

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.626614

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4.82083

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

3.34965

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000978

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.850878

no units



A-33

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

1-Butanol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

193

USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, n-Butanol. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

A-34

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

lH-Benzotriazole, 4(or 5)-methyl-

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

lH-Benzotriazole, 4(or5)-methyl-

CASRN:

29385-43-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID0026171

Use:

In water treatment, corrosion inhibitor for copper and
its alloys

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

10

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

100

renal proximal tubule regeneration

general population

MDH

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.9104

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-35

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

lH-Benzotriazole, 4(or 5)-methyl-
CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.017

mg/kg/day

MDH 2019

JBRC 2007

renal proximal tubule regeneration

general population

33.8

101

[148]

NOTE: the toxicity value was
derived from a surrogate
chemical (lH-benzotriazole)

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review















2020-03-13

86

1

2

0

Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

800

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

5.14

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Modeled Data



LD50





TEST QSAR





Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR





Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-36

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

lH-Benzotriazole, 4(or 5)-methyi-

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

62

Sites

11

0.00672

0.242

0.91

4.17





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

51

Sites

68

0.00672

0.256

0.912

4.17





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

11

Sites

2.28

0.0284

0.0506

0.366

2.98

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

3

Sites

12

0.0130716

0.0333

0.0352

0.0357109

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

20

Sites

53

0.0213052

0.664

2.33

4.6612843

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.1313613

1.36

9.3

27.69201

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000337





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-37

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

lH-Benzotriazole, 4(or 5)-methyl-

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

148

MDH. 2019. Toxicological Summary for: Tolyltriazole and 5-Methyl-lH-Benzotriazole. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health
Risk Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-38

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

17-alpha-Ethynyl estradiol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

17-alpha-Ethynyl estradiol

CASRN:

57-63-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID5020576

Use:

Pharmaceutical, hormone

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

10

reproductive and developmental effects

4

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.00007

lowest therapeutic dose: synthetic estrogen
for birth control

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.001452

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-39

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

17-alpha-Ethynyl estradiol
CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

1.04167E-08

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Allergan,
Inc. 2017

lowest theraputic dose: synthetic estrogen for birth control

bottle-fed infants

151

6.94e-05

[77] [150]

NOTE: (LowestTherapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

1.04167E-08

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Allergan,
Inc. 2017

lowest theraputic dose: synthetic estrogen for birth control

general population

33.8

0.000245

[77] [150]

NOTE: (LowestTherapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-aooroved

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0000005

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0000002

mg/L

MN DOH



Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

0.0005

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical -
general population

0.000000245

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

6.94E-08

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Sh ort-T erm/SubchronicHealth-Based
Guidance Value

0.0000002

mg/L

MN DOH



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats EE

no units

HHS NTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

1200

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assavs tested

28

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.00798

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1

no units

TEST QSAR



A-40

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

17-alpha-Ethynyl estradiol

CCL5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone. Units

Notes





PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)





Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015

1,201

4

Sites

0.33

0.0011

0.0012

0.00145

0.00156

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monito ring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

581

2

Sites

0.34

0.00066

0.000705

0.000732

0.00075

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

33

1

Sites

3.03

0.00075

0.00075

0.00075

0.00075

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

548

1

Sites

0.18

0.00066

0.00066

0.00066

0.00066

us/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













Furlong et al 2017 (Finished) [83]

2007 - 2012

NA

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

255

5

Sites

1.96

0.00056

0.00121

0.00164

0.0017

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

353

1

Sites

0.28

0.00647

0.00647

0.00647

0.00647

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

608

6

Sites

0.99

0.00056

0.00139

0.00361

0.00647

ug/L



Furlong et a 12017 (Ambient) [83]

2007 - 2012

NA

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 12017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et a 1. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.000884

0.000884

0.000884

0.000884

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,091

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0













Benotti et al. (2009) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0014

ug/L



Huang et al. (2001) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











7e-05

ug/L



Kolpin et al. (2002) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.273

ug/L



Zuo et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0047

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

5

Sites

24

0.00053

0.00145

0.0018

0.00182

ug/L



Auriol et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.006

ug/L



Chimchirian et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0012

ug/L



Huang et al. (2001) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0024

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



3.38E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

58.463

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

390.506

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

383.097

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

7.41E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.27E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000399

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000126

mol/L



Bioconeentration factor

OPERA QSAR

120.559

no units



Bioconeentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

9.14E-08

atm-mA3/mol



Qctanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.66688

no units



A-41

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

17-alpha-Ethynyl estradiol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

83

Furlong, E.T., Batt, A.L., Glassmeyer, S.T., Noriega, M.C., Kolpin, D.W., Mash, H., Schenck, K.M. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States: Pharmaceuticals. Science of The Total Environment. 579 (1629-1642).

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-42

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

17-beta-Estradiol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

17-beta-Estradiol

CASRN:

50-28-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID0020573

Use:

Pharmaceutical, hormone

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

9

non-cancer effects

3

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.03

lowest therapeutic dose: hormone therapy;
hy poest roge n is m, t reatme nt of va somoto r
symptoms associated with menopause, etc

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.000886

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-43

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

17-beta-Estradiol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4.16667E-06

mg/kg-day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Epic
Pharma, LLC

lowest therapeutic dose: hormone therapy, treatment of symptoms
associated with menopause, hypoestrogenism, etc

bottle-fed infants

151

0.03

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4.16667 E-06

mg/kg-day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Epic
Pharma, LLC

lowest therapeutic dose: hormone therapy, treatment of symptoms
associated with menopause, hypoestrogenism, etc

general population

33.8

0.1

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

39

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CALEPA 1992

High man et
al. 1980

mammary gland adenocarcinomas

general population

33.8

0.0007

[55]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

39

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.011

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

0.5

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general
population

0.000098

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.0000278

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

22.84

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0057943

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.33

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.889

no units

TEST QSAR



A-44

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

17-beta-Estradiol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

1.201

2

Sites

0.17

4.00E - 04

0.00076

0.000886

0.00091





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

580

2

Sites

0.34

0.00048

0.00051

0.000528

0.00054





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

32

2

Sites

6.25

0.00048

0.00051

0.000528

0.00054





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

548

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

255

14

Sites

5.49

9.00E - 05

0.00094

0.00242

0.00388

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

382

4

Sites

1.05

0.00179

0.00439

0.0063

0.0065

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

637

18

Sites

2.83

9.00E - 05

0.00148

0.0043

0.0065

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

5

Sites

13

0.000325

0.000616

0.00202

0.002354

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.00071

0.00086

0.00153

0.0017

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,091

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

5

Sites

24

0.000707

0.00119

0.0088

0.008934

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000032





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

58.4157

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

372.709

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

378.806

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

3.41E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.03E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000158

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000047

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

33.8438

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

160.694

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000853

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.90759

no units



A-45

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

17-beta-Estradiol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

55

CalEPA. 1992. Expedited Cancer Potency Values and Proposed Regulatory Levels for Certain Proposition 65 Carcinogens. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office of Environmental
Health Hazard Assessment, Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section, Sacramento, CA.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-46

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-(2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (MCPP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2-(2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (MCPP)

CASRN:

93-65-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID9024194

Use:

Herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

2

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

increased kidney weights and chronic
nephropathy

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

8



EDWC SW 30-Year
Mean

OPP

2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-47

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-(2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (MCPP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Mellert et
al. 1996,
1999

increased kidney weights and chronic nephropathy

general population

33.8

237

[419]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2019











[4191



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

I Value

Units

I Source I

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Drinking Water Guideline Value

I 0.01

mg/L

| WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines |



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1210

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

369

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

125

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.16

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0039355

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.046

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.691

no units

TEST QSAR



A-48

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-(2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (MCPP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

2

2,823

2016

Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

6

254

Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

12

6

Sites

50

0.00052

0.0012

0.00443

0.19

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

27

Sites

12

0.00052

0.0014

0.014

0.16

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

21

Sites

9.63

0.00052

0.0027

0.0708

0.139

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

6

Sites

50

0.00052

0.0013

0.012

0.16

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

107

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water, 30-Year Mean

2019

OPP

8

ug/L

Pesticide in Water Calculator
(PWC), vl.52

The modeled surface water 30-year mean concentration provided by the most recent available EPA OPP health assessment was
selected as the occurrence concentration for MCPP. This value coincides with the critical effect of chronic nephropathy provided

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.16E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.5293

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

296.689

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

312.482

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000159

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000131

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00184223

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00348337

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.69239

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

5.52077

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.62E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.05172

no units



A-49

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-(2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (MCPP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

419

USEPA. 2019. Mecoprop-p (MCPP-p): Acute, and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Drinking Water Only) Exposure and Risk Assessments for the Registration Review Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0361-
0021. DP No. D452571. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-50

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-DB

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2,4-DB

CASRN:

94-82-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID7024035

Use:

Post-emergent herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neurotoxicants



Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

("g/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment
Source

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

800

increased early resorptions; decreased body
weight, increased kidney weight, increased
incidence of tubular degeneration in females

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient

(F W, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

318.68



EDWC SW (acute)

OPP

2018

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

RD1

RD 2

RD 3

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Basis

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a
Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-51

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-DB

CCL5ContaminantlnformationSheet	E PA-OG WDW a n d OST	Octo be r 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Qtation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.15

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Henwood
1990a and b

increased early resorptions; decreased body weight, increased kidney
weight, increased incidence of tubular degeneration in females

women of child bearing age

35.4

847

[393]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[393]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening

Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Titie-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

20

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.6

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.2

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.09

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Health-Based Screening Level

0.2

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.03

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element | Value | Units | Source | Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

400

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

700

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

125

mg/kg/day

EPATox

city Reference Database

max

LOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

min

NOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

min

NOAEL

62.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

2.6

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPATox

city Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

15.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

4.96

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0027227

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.07

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.701

no units

TEST QSAR



A-52

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-DB

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scorin£Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

46

1,445,891

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

60

0

Sites

0













US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.023

0.023

0.023

0.023

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

620

1

Sites

0.16

6.2

6.2

6.2

6.2

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

206

3

Sites

1.46

0.01

0.03

0.1

0.13

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

554

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

760

3

Sites

0.39

0.01

0.03

0.1

0.13

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

0

Sites

0













US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001- 2013

12

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

212

4

Sites

1.89

0.22

0.57

0.948

1.08

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.0281

0.0768

0.116

0.1255

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

106

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

125

14

Samples

11







0.1

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface Water
(acute)

2018

OPP

318.68

ug/L

Pesticide Root Zone Model
(PRZM) v3.12, Exposure Analysis
Modeling System (EXAMS),
v2.98.04

The critical effect of increased early resorptions is considered a less-than-chronic response seen during gestation. To be protective of
pregnant women and fetuses, the modeled surface water acute concentration found in the most recent available EPA OPP health assess men
was selected as the occurrence concentration for 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid.

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-

Notes

Expocast exposure



9.69E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES bio monitoring detect ion

n serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n blood (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion

n urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53603

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

320.542

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

321.218

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000498

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000011

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000375647

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00034435

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.46701

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

15.5597

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.43E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.38207

no units



A-53

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-DB

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-
Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant exposure
in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091,46 p. plus appendixes.

393

USEPA. 2018. 2,4-DB: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0661-0019. DP No. D448826. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticides in
Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-54

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dichlorophenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2,4-Dichlorophenol

CASRN:

120-83-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID1020439

Use:

Biocide; intermediate in production of herbicides

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



Pub Med Neurotoxicants



Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et al 2015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

("g/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment
Source

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

20

decreased delayed hypersensitivity response

general population

IRIS

1987



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient

(F W, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

5

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NWIS

2008-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

RD1

RD 2

RD 3

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Basis

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a
Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-55

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dichlorophenol

CCL5ContaminantlnformationSheet	E PA-OG WDW a n d OST	Octo be r 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Qtation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

HC 1987

Kobayashi et
al., 1972

changes in liver histopathology

general population

33.8

592

[98]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.003

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1987

Exon and
Kollerl985

decreased delayed hypersensitivity response

general population

33.8

17.8

[189]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



PPRTV 2007











[280]









ATSDR1999











[14]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening

Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Titie-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2006-07-01

2020-03-25

630

1

23

0

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.03

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MNDOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.01

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.003

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.02

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.9

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice NE

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats NE

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice NE

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats NE

no units

HHS NTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2050

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

543

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

768

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

194

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in

3.99

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

12400

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

min

TD50

458000

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0039355

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.015

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.176

no units

TEST QSAR



A-56

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dichlorophenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

294

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

22

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

13

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

5

34,293



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

6

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

36

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

148

25

Sites

17

0.01

0.03

5

5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

392

8

Sites

2.04

0.01

0.02

1.88

18

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

540

33

Sites

6.11

0.01

0.03

5

18

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000499





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

3

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.02586

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

211.815

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

237.218

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0785496

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0280543

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0237665

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00864968

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

18.2343

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

57.4116

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000133

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.04309

no units



A-57

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dichlorophenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

14

ATSDR. 1999. Toxicological Profile for Chlorophenols. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

98

Health Canada. 1987. Guideline Technical Document - Chlorophenols. Health Canada (HC), Water and Air Quality Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

189

USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, 2,4-Dichlorophenol. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

280

USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 2,4-Dichlorophenol. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-58

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dinitrophenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2,4-Dinitrophenol

CASRN:

51-28-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID0020523

Use:



Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

lowest therapeutic dose in humans taking
2,4 dinitrophenol; cataracts were observed in
patients receiving as little as 2 mg/kg/day,
the lower range of the recommended
therapeutic dose

general population

IRIS

2005



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

26.3

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NWIS

2008-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-59

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dinitrophenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.002

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2005

Horner,
1942

lowest theraputic dose in humans taking 2,4 dinitrophenol; cataracts
were observed in patients receiving as little as 2 mg/kg/day, the lower
range of the recommended therapeutic dose

general population

33.8

11.8

[262]

NOTE: CCL screening level
based on draft ATSDR (2019
assessment, based on 2008
study) is several orders of
mag lower than HRL (based
on 2006 assessment, 1942
study)

Cancer Classification (CC)

I



PPRTV 2007











[281]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00007

mg/kg/day

ATSDR 2019

Caldeira da
Silva et al.
2008

decreased body weight

bottle-fed infants

151

0.0900

[37]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2010-03-01

2020-04-14

326

1

3

0

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.01

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.01

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.01

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.01

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

20

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

72

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

11.86

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0002529

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.134

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.554

no units

TEST QSAR



A-60

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dinitrophenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

294

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

22

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

13

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

188,429



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

146

3

Sites

2.05

24

25

26.3

27

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

358

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

504

3

Sites

0.6

24

25

26.3

27

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



6.19E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.59079

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

349.689

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

325.528

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000270249

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000585

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00173025

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0055847

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4.7119

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

2.68534

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

9.77E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.81096

no units



A-61

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dinitrophenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

37

ATSDR. 2019.Toxicological Profile for Dinitrophenols DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

262

USEPA. 2005. Chemical Assessment Summary 2,4-Dinitrophenol. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

281

USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-62

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dinitrotoluene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2,4-Dinitrotoluene

CASRN:

121-14-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID0020529

Use:

Chemical intermediate; in propellants

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

10



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.04

mammary gland tumors (adenomas,
fibroadenomas, fibromas,
adenocarcinomas/carcinomas) in female rats

general population

OW

2008



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

333

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR1

2001 - 2003

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



2,4-DNT appears to occur infrequently at levels of concern in PWSs. 2,4
DNT was detected only once at a minimum reporting level (MRL) of 2
pg/L in any of the PWSs monitored under the UCMR1 [a]. While the
MRL is slightly greater than the HRLof 0.05 pg/L, this concentration is
within the acceptable 10-4 to the 10-6 cancer risk range targeted by
EPA [b].

USE PA, 2008 [297]; [b] USEPA, 2000 [238]; a
[296]

cited in USEPA, 2008

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-63

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dinitrotoluene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.001

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2016

U.S. Army.
1979; Ellis
eta 1.1985

"hematological effects (decreased erythrocyte count)"

general population

33.8

5.92

[34]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.002

mg/kg/day

OW 2008

Ellis et al.,
1979; Ellis
eta 1.1985

"neurotoxicity and the presence of Heinz bodies and biliary tract
hyperplasia"

general population

33.8

11.8

[288]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.002

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1992

Ellis et al.
1985

"Neurotoxicity, Heinz bodies and biliary tract hyperplasia"

general population

33.8

11.8

[214]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.667

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OW 2008

Ellis et al.
1979

mammary gland tumors (adenomas, fibroadenomas, fibromas,
adenocarcinomas/carcinomas) in female rats

general population

33.8

0.0444

[288]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OW 2008











[288]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health

Highest NOAEL

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of

End Date of

No. Unique References

No. Animal Studies

No. Human

No. PECO Relevant Studies



(mg/kg



Effects

(mg/kg bw/day)



Search

Search

identified in lit search

passed Title-abstract

Studies passed

passed full-text review



bw/day)















Screen

Title-abstract























Screen



Hepatic, Systemic

50

Maeda, 2015

Gastrointestinal

100

Maeda, 2015

2015-02-01

2019-12-17

65

1

0

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

1

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.05

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.31

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.000049

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.000089

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.007

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.00005

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0019724

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.808

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.47

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1954

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

268

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

2.69

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

68

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

TD50

9.35

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-64

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dinitrotoluene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

3.873

1

Sites

0.03

333

333

333

333





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monito ring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

22

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

13

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

6

10,733



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

25K-100K

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

54

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

265

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

160

3

Sites

1.88

4.9

5

5

5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

410

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

567

3

Sites

0.53

4.9

5

5

5

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



3.63E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.55991

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

297.386

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

304.767

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000217133

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000676083

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00127277

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000635331

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.38408

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

7.7983

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.58E-08

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.93488

no units



A-65

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,4-Dinitrotoluene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

ATSDR. 2016. Toxicological Profile for Dinitrotoluenes. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

214

USEPA. 1992. Chemical Assessment Summary 2,4-Dinitrotoluene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

238

USEPA. 2000. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation Analytical Methods and Quality Control Manual. EPA 815-R-00-006.

288

USEPA. 2008. Drinking Water Health Advisory for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene. EPA/822/R-08/010. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria
Division, Washington, DC.

296

USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

297

A-66

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,6-Dinitrotoluene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2,6-Dinitrotoluene

CASRN:

606-20-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID5020528

Use:

Chemical intermediate in the manufacture of dyes and
military and commercial explosives

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.02

hepatocellular carcinomas

general population

PPRTV

2013



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

5

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NWIS

2008-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



2,6-DNT appears to occur infrequently at levels of concern in PWSs. 2,6-
DNT was not detected at a minimum reporting level (MRL) of 2 pg/L in
iny of the PWSs monitored under the UCMR 1 [a]. While the MRL is
;lightly greater than the HRL of 0.05 pg/L, this concentration is within
he acceptable 10-4 to the 10-6 cancer risk range targeted by EPA [b].

USE PA, 2008 [297]; [b] USEPA, 2000 [238]; a
[296]

cited in USEPA, 2008

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-67

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,6-Din itr otol uene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0003

mg/kg/day

PPRTV 2013

Lee et al.
1976

Increased incidence of splenic extra medullary hematopoiesis

general population

33.8

1.78

[330]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.001

mg/kg/day

OW 2008

Lee et al.
1976

neurotoxicity, Heinz bodies, bile duct hyperplasia, liver and kidney
histopathology, increased incidence of death

general population

33.8

5.92

[289]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.68

(mg/kg/day)A-l

IRIS 1990

Ellis et al.
1979

hepatocellular carcinomas and neoplastic nodules; mammary gland
adenomas, fibroadenomas, fibromas, and adenocarcinomas/carcinomas

general population

33.8

0.0435

[206]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

1.5

(mg/kg/day)A-l

PPRTV 2013

Leonard et
al. 1987

hepatocellular carcinomas

general population

33.8

0.0197

[330]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.667

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OW 2008

Ellis et al.
1979; Lee et
al. 1985

hepatocellular carcinomas and neoplastic nodules; mammary gland
adenomas, fibroadenomas, fibromas, and adenocarcinomas/carcinomas

general population

33.8

0.0444

[289]



Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



IRIS 1990











[206]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



PPRTV 2013











[330]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OW 2008











[289]









ATSDR2016











[34]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Hepatic, Systemic

20

Imamura, 2015







2015-02-01

2020-02-13

31

1

0

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.04

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.09

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.004

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.00005

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.003

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

177

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

621

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.83

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0005861

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.613

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.44

no units

TEST QSAR



A-68

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,6-Dinitrotoluene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

3.873

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

22

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua litv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

13

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

3

2,728



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

< 25K

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

37

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

157

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

160

5

Sites

3.12

0.1

5

5

5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

410

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

567

5

Sites

0.88

0.1

5

5

5

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000129





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.72441

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

297.597

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

303.476

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000411091

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000429536

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00117033

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00157761

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

12.4551

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

6.20869

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

9.26E-08

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.00324

no units



A-69

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2,6-Dinitrotoluene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

ATSDR. 2016. Toxicological Profile for Dinitrotoluenes. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

206

USEPA. 1990. Chemical Assessment Summary, 2,4-/2,6-Dinitrotoluene mixture. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information
System (IRIS), Washington, D.C.

238

USEPA. 2000. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation Analytical Methods and Quality Control Manual. EPA 815-R-00-006.

289

USEPA. 2008. Drinking Water Health Advisory for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Health and
Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, D.C.

296

USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

297

330

USEPA. 2013. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 2,6-Dinitrotoluene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-70

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Hydroxyatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2-Hyd roxy at raz i ne

CASRN:

2163-68-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID6037807

Use:

Pesticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

10

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

400

histopat ho logical changes in the kidney

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.2

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-71

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Hydroxyatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0676

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Chow and
Hart 1995

histo pat ho logical changes in the kidney

general population

33.8

400

[395]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element	I Value | Units |	Source	|	Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results					

Chronic Human Health Benchmark	0.06	mg/L	EPA HHBP	

Drinking Water Guideline Value	02	mg/L	WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines	

Health-Based Screening Level	0.06	mg/L Health-based screening levels from USGS

Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)	0.01	mg/kg/day EPA HHBP

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0091833

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.145

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.902

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LOAEL

125

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

max

LOAEL

7.75

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1.17

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

min

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

max

Subchron

c LOAEL

18.889999

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

min

Subchron

c LOAEL

59.599998

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

max

Subchron

c NOAEL

6.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

min

Subchron

c NOAEL

7.35

mg/kg/day

EPA Tox

city Reference Database

max

A-72

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2 - Hyd r oxyatra z i n e

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,188

739

Sites

18

0.00044

0.0402

0.2

7.29





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

486

345

Sites

71

0.00044

0.042

0.2

4.6





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.702

394

Sites

11

0.00063

0.018

0.123

7.29

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

9

Sites

90

0.002

0.015

0.12

0.74

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

495

303

Sites

61

0.00052

0.028

0.224

3.27

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,249

175

Sites

14

0.0013

0.019

0.0986

0.822

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,744

478

Sites

27

0.00052

0.0258

0.204

3.27

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

162

Sites

71

0.001998

0.023

0.22

1.2

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

153

Sites

70

0.001998

0.0238

0.0629

0.255

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

10

9

Sites

90

0.002

0.023

0.26

1.2

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

432

55

Sites

13

0.007

0.015

0.282

0.368

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

19

Sites

50

0.0055

0.0344

0.229

0.5428

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

57

Sites

8.26

8e-04

0.0103

0.0514

0.466

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

126

11

Samples

8.7







0.042

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.30198

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

332.794

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

326.232

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.11E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

8.95E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000634

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0101859

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

5.82054

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

3.22107

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

9.6E-09

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.95934

no units



A-73

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Hydroxyatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

395

USEPA. 2018. Atrazine. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPQ-HQ-OPP-2013-0266-1159. DP No. D418316. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-74

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA)

CASRN:

94-74-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID4024195

Use:

Herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

8

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

300

nephrotoxicity

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.3986

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-75

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.044

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Kirsch, 1988

nephrotoxicity

general population

33.8

260

[402]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[4021



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.1

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.003

mg/L

MN DOH



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.03

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.1

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

439

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

800

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1.02

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

120

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.21

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

60

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.59

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

177

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

42

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0032359

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.056

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.691

no units

TEST QSAR



A-76

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.656

142

Sites

1.85

0.01

0.09

0.399

18.6





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.194

136

Sites

11

0.01

0.09

0.394

18.6





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.462

6

Sites

0.09

0.03

0.169

8.8

16.6

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

34

4,113,376

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

4

474



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

7

Sites

41

0.00065

0.0013

0.0086

0.24

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

61

1

Sites

1.64

13

13

13

13

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

461

40

Sites

8.68

0.01

0.079

0.414

1.69

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

950

1

Sites

0.11

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,411

41

Sites

2.91

0.01

0.0781

0.406

1.69

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

13

Sites

5.68

0.00065

0.0026

0.012

0.86

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

7

Sites

3.2

0.001299

0.00245

0.0109

0.0311

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

6

Sites

50

0.00065

0.0026

0.012

0.86

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

702

101

Sites

14

0.052

0.141

0.928

13.59

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

4

Sites

11

0.0217

0.0426

0.0881

0.1057

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000081



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53805

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

284.826

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

307.8

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000244

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000138

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00286854

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00436516

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.64059

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

2.95801

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.94E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.87665

no units



A-77

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

402

USEPA. 2018. MCPA. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0180-0043. DP No. D446323. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-78

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Methylnaphthalene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

2-Methylnaphthalene

CASRN:

91-57-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID4020878

Use:

Insecticide; small quantities for the production of
a Iky 1 methyl naphthalene sulfonates as textile
auxiliaries, surfactants, and emulsifiers.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

8

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

20

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

general population

IRIS

2003



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0416

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-79

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Methylnaphthalene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.004

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2003

Murata et
a 1.1997

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

general population

33.8

23.7

[254]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2005

Murata et
al. 1997

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

general population

33.8

237

[23]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



PPRTV 2007











[279]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



IRIS 2003











[254]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2006-09-01

2020-03-25

71

0

0



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.008

mg/L

MN DOH



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.004

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1630

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

0

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0094406

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.514

no units

TEST QSAR



A-80

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Methylnaphtiialene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

567

12

Sites

2.12

0.003

0.013

0.0416

0.16





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

8

Sites

9.09

0.003

0.01

0.028

0.05





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

479

4

Sites

0.84

0.011

0.0275

0.108

0.16

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

750

120

Sites

16

0.003

0.01

0.05

6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

782

65

Sites

8.31

0.003

0.014

0.0343

610

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,532

185

Sites

12

0.003

0.012

0.0499

610

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.0076

0.00875

0.00967

0.0099

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

0

Sites

0







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000578





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

14.9141

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

246.408

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

246.201

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.026447

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0272898

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000157227

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00013213

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

72.8094

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

358.922

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000535625

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.94282

no units



A-81

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

2-Methylnaphthalene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

23

ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Naphthalene, 1-Methylnaphthalene, and 2-Methylnaphthalene. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substance!
and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

254

USEPA. 2003. Chemical Assessment Summary, 2-Methylnaphthalene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Protection, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

279

USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 2-Methylnaphthalene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-82

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

e-Chloro-l^S-triazine^/l-diamine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

6-C h lo ro-1,3,5 -tria zi n e-2,4-d ia m in e

CASRN:

3397-62-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID1037806

Use:

Herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

400

attenuation of LH surge in females ages 13-
49 (estrous cycle disruption)

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.382

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-83

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

6-Ch I oro-l,3,5-tria zi ne-2,4-d i a m i ne
CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.076

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Cooperet
al. 2010

attenuation of LH surge in females ages 13-49 (estrous cycle disruption)

women of child bearing age

35.4

429

[395]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[3951



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.012

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.012

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Maximum Allowable Daily Level

100

ug/day

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0018

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

0

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

7.5999999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

0.7

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0062374

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.176

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.628

no units

TEST QSAR



A-84

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

6-Chloro-l,3,5-triazine-2,4-di amine
CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.405

656

Sites

19

0.0012

0.103

0.382

6.68





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

456

278

Sites

61

0.0013

0.105

0.365

2.4





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.949

378

Sites

13

0.0012

0.057

0.778

6.68

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

3

Sites

30

0.025

0.05

0.05

0.05

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

354

137

Sites

39

0.0032

0.0842

0.223

1.35

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

731

188

Sites

26

0.0036

0.16

0.867

2.45

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,085

325

Sites

30

0.0032

0.0984

0.406

2.45

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

76

Sites

33

0.015

0.05

0.368

2.9

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

73

Sites

33

0.015

0.0865

0.457

2.9

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

3

Sites

30

0.025

0.05

0.05

0.12

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

7

Sites

18

0.027

0.074

0.122

0.17

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

86

Sites

15

0.0012

0.132

1.28

6.3

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



4.83E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

8.42524

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

317.078

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

277.429

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

7.01E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000585

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00462445

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0302691

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.87554

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.65577

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.17E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

-0.196188

no units



A-85

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

6-Chloro-l,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

395

USEPA. 2018. Atrazine. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPQ-HQ-OPP-2013-0266-1159. DP No. D418316. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-86

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acephate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Acephate

CASRN:

30560-19-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID8023846

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.4

inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase in
male postnatal day 11 pups

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1758

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-87

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acephate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0003

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Hoberman
2003

inhibition of brain AChE in male pups on PND11.

bottle-fed infants

151

0.397

[394]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2018











[3941



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.03

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.0077

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.0077

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0012

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

233

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

945

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

20

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.43

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

0.12

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0019999

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.202

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.743

no units

TEST QSAR



A-88

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acephate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.760

135

Sites

7.67

0.00051

0.0212

0.176

10.4





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

131

Sites

41

0.00051

0.0212

0.175

10.4





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.438

4

Sites

0.28

0.00267

0.00749

0.14

0.229















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

36

4,373,575

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

4

27,210

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

25K-100K

Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

307

33

Sites

11

0.00082

0.0445

0.277

10.4

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

2

Sites

0.38

0.00788

0.113

0.176

0.218

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

835

35

Sites

4.19

0.00082

0.0445

0.275

10.4

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

118

34

Sites

29

0.132

0.454

2.7

13.5

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



6.17E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

< LOD

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.55348

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

271.255

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000222

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

3.1318

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.408319

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.22201

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.76E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

-0.710368

no units



A-89

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acephate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

394

USEPA. 2018. Acephate. Revised Draft Human Health Risk Assessment (DRA) in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0915-0025. DP No. D446177. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-90

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetamiprid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Acetamiprid

CASRN:

135410-20-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID0034300

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

10

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

400

reduced body weight and body weight gain
in females, hepatocellular vacuolation in
males

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.02615

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.000065

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-91

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetamiprid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.071

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Hatch 1999

reduced body weight and body weight gain in females, hepatocellular
vacuolation in males

general population

33.8

420

[375]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2017











[3751



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.7

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.1

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.45

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.45

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.071

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blan k fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

146

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

217

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

17.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

65.599998

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

25.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

8.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

1.74

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

250.10001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

32

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

129.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

14

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0028314

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.819

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.6

no units

TEST QSAR



A-92

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetamiprid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

5

2

Sites

40

0.0025

0.004

0.0262

0.0456





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

5

2

Sites

40

0.0025

0.004

0.0262

0.0456





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

36

107,391

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

130

7

Sites

5.38

0.0023

0.0144

0.137

0.227

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

12

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

142

7

Sites

4.93

0.0023

0.0144

0.137

0.227

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

178

8

Sites

4.49

0.0262

0.0606

0.165

0.199

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0395

0.0395

0.0395

0.0395

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.48E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.87165

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

315.067

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000916

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.044269

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0494311

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.32437

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.46E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.19577

no units



A-93

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetamiprid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

375

USEPA. 2017. Acetamiprid. Acute and Chronic Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0329-0022. DP No. D443740. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-94

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CASRN:

187022-11-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID6037483

Use:

Pesticide degradate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

3

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

300

decreased body weight and weight gain,
decreased food utilization; increased TSH, T4,
andT3; increased relative testes weight

general population

MDH

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.190526

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR2

2008-2010

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-95

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.056

mg/kg/day

MDH 2018

Lees 2000

decreased body weight and weight gain, decreased food utilization;
increased TSH, T4, and T3; increased relative testes weight

general population

33.8

331

[142]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units



Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.5

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.6

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.5

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.6

mg/L

MN DOH



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

0.71

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.011695

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.55

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.155

no units

TEST QSAR



A-96

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010

1.198

2

Sites

0.17

1.10526

1.15

1.19

1.2





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

2.719

325

Sites

12

0.012

0.266

1.11

13.2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

419

212

Sites

51

0.012

0.272

1.12

13.2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.300

113

Sites

4.91

0.02

0.14

0.823

12.3

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

7

Sites

41

0.0027

0.039

0.484

1.2

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

3

Sites

12

0.05

0.09

0.106

0.11

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

354

73

Sites

21

0.02

0.174

0.62

1.75

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

826

52

Sites

6.3

0.02

0.15

0.478

0.88

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,180

125

Sites

11

0.02

0.17

0.581

1.75

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

155

Sites

68

0.002664

0.063

0.51

1.9

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

148

Sites

68

0.002664

0.0654

0.161

1.75

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

7

Sites

58

0.0027

0.059

0.579

1.9

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

9

Sites

24

0.02

0.06

0.566

0.67

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

23

Sites

3.94

0.038

0.178

0.481

0.695

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000125



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.28498

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

314.606

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

382.116

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000167

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0136286

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00744732

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.7255

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

7.31139

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

5.13E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.7785

no units



A-97

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

140

MDH. 2016. Toxicological Summary for: Alachlor ESA and Alachlor OXA. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk
Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN.

142

MDH. 2018. Toxicological Summary for: Acetochlor ESA. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St Paul
MN.

A-98

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetochlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Acetochlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CASRN:

194992-44-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID1037484

Use:

Pesticide degradate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

100

decreased body weight, body weight gain,
and food utilization; decreased thyroid
stimulating hormone

general population

MDH

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.039

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-99

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetochlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.019

mg/kg/day

MDH 2018

Albin and
Kraus 2000;
Williams
2000

decreased body weight, body weight gain, and food utilization; decreased
thyroid stimulating hormone

general population

33.8

112

[143]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element I Value I Units I Source 1 Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.09

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0098628

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.261

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.88

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element | Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

A-100

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetochlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010

1.198

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

2.724

246

Sites

9.03

0.0053

0.217

1.04

15.4





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

422

203

Sites

48

0.0053

0.218

1.04

15.4





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.302

43

Sites

1.87

0.02

0.14

0.5

15

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

7

Sites

41

0.00113

0.048

0.615

1.3

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

3

Sites

12

0.02

0.17

0.186

0.19

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

355

87

Sites

25

0.0194

0.15

0.567

1.76

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

830

30

Sites

3.61

0.02

0.05

0.295

0.54

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,185

117

Sites

9.87

0.0194

0.133

0.532

1.76

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

129

Sites

56

0.00113

0.062

0.74

1.9

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

122

Sites

56

0.002331

0.0544

0.0986

1.03

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

7

Sites

58

0.00113

0.0705

0.82

1.9

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.03

0.075

0.54

0.56

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

6

Sites

1.03

0.103

0.172

0.438

0.628

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.59E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35388

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

320.906

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

367.714

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000214

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000653

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00519245

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00289068

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.91563

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.2331

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.1E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.60609

no units



A-101

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetochlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

143

MDH. 2018. Toxicological Summary for: Acetochlor OXA. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St Pau
MN.

A-102

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetophenone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Acetophenone

CASRN:

98-86-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID6021828

Use:

Photosensitizing agents; flavoring

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

no adverse effects

8

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

600

no adverse effects identified at the highest
dose tested

general population

IRIS

1988



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.3

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-103

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetophenone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1988

Hagen et
al. 1967

no adverse effects identified at the highest dose tested

general population

33.8

592

[197]

NOTE: the 2011 PPRTV
assessment declines to derive
a chronic RfD for
acetophenone because a non-
cancer assessment is available

Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1988











[197]

NOTE: the 2011 PPRTV
assessment declines to derive
a chronic RfD for
acetophenone because a non-
cancer assessment is available

Cancer Classification (CC)

D



PPRTV 2011











[322]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2010-06-01

2020-04-14

232

2

0



Other Health Data

Data Element	I Value | Units |	Source	|	Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results 				

Subchronic Provisional RfD	| 0.8 | mg/kg/day |EPA PPRTV	|

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation forthe critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0125893

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.094

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.333

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

740

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assavs tested

0.88

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



A-104

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetophenone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

563

11

Sites

1.95

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.5





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

11

Sites

12

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.5





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

475

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

13

981,013



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.58



0.58

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

743

49

Sites

6.59

0.1

0.3

4.07

5.3

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

715

6

Sites

0.84

0.2

0.35

2.08

2.5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,458

55

Sites

3.77

0.1

0.3

3.25

5.3

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

1

Sites

50

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

9

Sites

43

0.22

0.29

0.36

0.37

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000215





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

5.40713

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

200.433

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

209.024

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.427749

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.542001

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0393752

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0215278

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.03932

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

7.63836

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000011

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.70555

no units



A-105

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acetophenone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

197

USEPA. 1988. Chemical Assessment Summary, Acetophenone. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

322

USEPA. 2011. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Acetophenone. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-106

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acrolein

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Acrolein

CASRN:

107-02-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID5020023

Use:

Aquatic herbicide; rodenticide; industrial chemical

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

3

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

20

forestomach squamous epithelial
hyperplasia

general population

ATSDR

2007



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

2.7

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

014

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-107

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acrolein

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0005

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2003

Parent et
al., 1992c

increased mortality

general population

33.8

2.96

[258]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.004

mg/kg/day

ATSDR 2007

NTP2006

forestomach squamous epithelial hyperplasia

general population

33.8

23.7

[26]

NOTE: no toxicity values were
provided in the 2015 OPP
assessment because chronic
and acute oral exposures to
acrolein are not expected
based on use patterns,
physical-chemical properties,
and plant metabolism data.
Therefore, the ATSDR

Cancer Classification (CC)

I



OPP 2015











[338]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



IRIS 2003











[258]









PPRTV 2002











[2521



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.003

PPm

CDC ATSDR



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Human Health Ambient Water Quality

0.003

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Criteria









Intermediate Inhalation Minimal Risk Level

0.00004

ppm

CDC ATSDR



(MRL)









Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.004

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.35

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHAChemical Database



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.00002

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

10.3

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

46

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

0.85

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0,0011588

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.51

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.641

no units

TEST QSAR



A-108

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acrolein

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.183

3

Sites

0.25

1

2

2.7

3





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

102

3

Sites

2.94

1

2

2.7

3





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.081

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

25

1,242,926



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

250M-500M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

19

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

69

5

Sites

7.25

0.4

1.3

4.44

7.5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

21

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

89

5

Sites

5.62

0.4

1.3

4.44

7.5

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

2

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

527

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000128



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.67473

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

59.2581

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

52.443

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

199.082

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

210.378

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

4.7652

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

1.77419

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.77906

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000817

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.0512154

no units



A-109

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acrolein

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

26

ATSDR. 2007. Toxicological Profile for Acrolein. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

252

USEPA. 2002. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Acrolein. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

258

USEPA. 2003. Toxicological Review of Acrolein (CAS No. 107-02-8). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

338

USEPA. 2015. Acrolein: Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0571-0005. DP No. D427578. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office o
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-110

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acyclovir

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Acyclovir

CASRN:

59277-89-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID1022556

Use:



Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

20

lowest therapeutic dose: antiviral/reduce
duration and severity of herpes and
chicken pox infection

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.248

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-111

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acyclovir

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0025

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Ranbaxy
Laboratori
es Ltd.

lowest therapeutic dose: antiviral/reduce duration and severity of
herpes and chicken pox infection

bottle-fed infants

151

17.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (LowestTherapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0025

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Ranbaxy
Laboratori
es Ltd.

lowest therapeutic dose: antiviral/reduce duration and severity of
herpes and chicken pox infection

general population

33.8

59.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (LowestTherapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element	I Value | Units |	Source	|	Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results 				

Cancer Classification (CC)	3	no units WHO IARC	

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose	13.3	mg/kg/day FDA

Screening level for pharmaceutical -	0.058823529 mg/L EPA Office of Water

general population	

Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants 0.016666667 	mg/L	I EPA Office of Water

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

10000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

2.13

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested











Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0013836

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.173

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.62

no units

TEST QSAR



A-112

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acyclovir

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

16

Sites

2.87

0.00428

0.02

0.248

0.787





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

16

Sites

21

0.00428

0.02

0.248

0.787





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

205

53

Sites

26

0.00644

0.0506

0.238

4.35

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

2

Sites

0.5

0.0565

5.23

8.33

10.4

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

606

55

Sites

9.08

0.00644

0.0509

0.259

10.4

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

14

Sites

37

0.0080967

0.314

0.484

0.6951437

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

1

Sites

0.09

0.0056912

0.00569

0.00569

0.0056912

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.1394549

0.723

1.43

1.978684

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000148





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54608

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

307.772

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

3.19E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000125

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00889126

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.018239

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.585

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

0.179061

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.37E-11

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

-1.51937

no units



A-113

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Acyclovir

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-114

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CASRN:

142363-53-9

DTXSID:

DTXSID6037485

Use:

Pesticide degradate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

3

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

70

hematological effects including decreased
erythrocyte count, hemolytic anemia, decreased
hemoglobin, decreased hematocrit and red cells,
increased MCH and MCHC, and decreased body
weight and body weight gain

general population

MDH

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.26

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR2

2008-2010

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied
by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-115

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.012

mg/kg/day

MDH 2016

Heydens et
al. 1996;
EPA 1998;
WDHFS
2005

hematological effects including decreased erythrocyte count, hemolytic
anemia, decreased hemoglobin, decreased hematocrit and red cells,
increased MCH and MCHC, and decreased body weight and body weight
gain

general population

33.8

71.0

[140]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.05

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Data Element I Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.011885

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.566

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.193

no units

TEST QSAR



A-116

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010

1,198

3

Sites

0.25

1

1.2

1.26

1.3

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

2,708

553

Sites

20

0.015

0.15

1.1

34

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

418

163

Sites

39

0.015

0.14

0.81

18.9

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

2,290

390

Sites

17

0.02

0.215

2.38

34

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

11

Sites

65

0.0028

0.017

0.0989

1.443

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.35

0.35



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

351

38

Sites

11

0.02

0.06

0.586

1.68

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

822

188

Sites

23

0.02

0.435

1.88

7.07

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,173

226

Sites

19

0.02

0.238

1.55

7.07

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

159

Sites

69

0.0028

0.0208

0.14

4.31

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

152

Sites

69

0.0028

0.0562

0.609

4.31

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

8

Sites

67

0.0028

0.017

0.1

1.037

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

56

1

Sites

1.79

0.064

0.064

0.064

0.064

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Ambient) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.28

4.19



ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

8

Sites

21

0.02

0.025

0.119

0.21

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

584

33

Sites

5.65

0.12

0.331

1.49

3.37

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expo cast exposure



9.98E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

4.29515

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

314.576

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

380.403

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000182

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0112346

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00360579

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.61239

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

7.53356

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

5.21E-10

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (logKow)

OPERA QSAR

2.78498

no units



A-117

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

140

MDH. 2016. Toxicological Summary for: Alachlor ESA and Alachlor OXA. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk
Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-118

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Alachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Alachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CASRN:

171262-17-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID1037486

Use:

Pesticide degradate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

70

hematological effects including decreased
erythrocyte count, hemolytic anemia,
decreased hemoglobin, decreased
hematocrit and red cells, increased MCH and
MCHC, and decreased body weight and body
weight gain

general population

MDH

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.28

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-119

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Alachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.012

mg/kg/day

MDH 2016

Heydens et
al. 1996;
EPA 1998;
WDHFS
2005

hematological effects including decreased erythrocyte count, hemolytic
anemia, decreased hemoglobin, decreased hematocrit and red cells,
increased MCH and MCHC, and decreased body weight and body weight
gain

general population

33.8

71.0

[140]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.05

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Data Element I Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0100693

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.532

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.974

no units

TEST QSAR



A-120

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Alachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010

1,198

0

Sites

0









ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

2,724

271

Sites

9.95

0.0043

0.05

0.28

36

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

422

154

Sites

36

0.0043

0.0494

0.2

13.7

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

2,302

117

Sites

5.08

0.01

0.114

1.06

36

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

7

Sites

41

0.00102

0.008

0.052

0.4995

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.32

0.32

0.32

0.32

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites







































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

355

44

Sites

12

0.0074

0.03

0.105

0.27

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

830

83

Sites

10

0.0157

0.0671

1.49

3.79

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,185

127

Sites

11

0.0074

0.04

0.308

3.79

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

98

Sites

43

0.001016

0.008

0.046

5.38

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

92

Sites

42

0.001016

0.017

0.338

5.38

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

6

Sites

50

0.00102

0.008

0.041

0.102

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

56

0

Sites

0













Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Ambient) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





1.85

1.85



ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

584

11

Sites

1.88

0.0374

0.122

0.92

1.45

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000001



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

4.46456

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

320.913

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

368.012

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000225

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000076

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00516306

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0033037

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.90221

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.30918

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7E-10

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (logKow)

OPERA QSAR

2.60613

no units



A-121

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Alachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

140

MDH. 2016. Toxicological Summary for: Alachlor ESA and Alachlor OXA. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk
Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-122

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Aldrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Aldrin

CASRN:

309-00-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID8020040

Use:

Former insecticide

Chemical Notes:

Canceled pesticide. Last end of use date: 5/15/1987.

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neurotoxicants



Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.002



general population

OW

2003



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.667

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM2

1993 -1997

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

330

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

RD1

RD 2

RD 3

X

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Basis

Aldrin may cause ad vers

e health effects in huma

ns, specifica My

neurotoxicity to the cen

ral nervous system [a,b,c]. However, its

occurrence in drinking w

ater at frequencies or concentrations significant

for public health concer

is low; occurrence estimates from a cross-

section of States with UCM data are very low with only 0.006% of all

samples and 0.02% of PWSs showing detections

where the HRL is 0.002

ug/L[d,e]. Furthermore

occurrence of aldrin in

rinking water supplies is

likely to decrease in the

coming years, since the chemical is no longer

produced or used comrr

ercially [f].



[a] Jager, 1970 [113]; [b] ACGIH, 1984 [6]; [c] ATSDR, 2000 [16]; [d] US EPA,

2001 [239]; [e] USE PA, 2001 [247]; [f] ATSDR, 1993 [1]; as cited in USE PA,

2001 [179]





Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-123

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Aldrin

CCL5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00003

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1987

Fitzhugh et
al. 1964

1 ive r toxic ity (les io ns)

general population

33.8

0.178

[190]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00003

mg/kg/day

ATS DR 2002

Fitzhugh et
al. 1964

histopat ho logical lesions in the liver

general population

33.8

0.178

[18]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00003

mg/kg/day

OW 2003

Fitzhugh et
al. 1964

histopat ho logical lesions in the liver

general population

33.8

0.178

[255]

NOTE: canceled registration,
OPP does not provide a
publicly-available health
assessment for aldrin; no new
information has been
published by EPA regarding
health effects of aldrin - refer
to the 2003 RegDet supporting
documentation

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

17

(mg/kg/day)A-l

IRIS 1987

Davis, 1965;
NCI, 1978



general population

33.8

0.00174

[190]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

17

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OW 2003

Davis, 1965;

1975; NCI,
1978



general population

33.8

0.00174

[255]

NOTE: canceled registration,
OPP does not provide a
publicly-available health
assessment for aldrin; no new
information has been
published by EPA regarding
health effects of aldrin - refer
to the 2003 RegDet supporting
documentation

Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



IRIS 1987











[190]



Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



OW 2003











[255]

NOTE: canceled registration,
OPP does not provide a
publicly-available health
assessment for aldrin; no new
information has been
published by EPA regarding
health effects of aldrin - refer
to the 2003 RegDet supporting
documentation







OPP















Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level

(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units



Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.0003

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

17

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.00003

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

7.7E-10

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.0049

(ug/m3)A-l

EPA IRIS



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.0049

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.000002

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.00004

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Cancer Classification (CC)

2A

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats E

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats E

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.00010641

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.166

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.493

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units



Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

39

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

45

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

30.45

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



TD50

0.741

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

TD50

466

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-124

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Aldrin

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

12,165

2

Sites

0.02

0.46

0.575

0.667

0.69

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

192

2

Sites

1.04

0.0012

0.0256

0.0402

0.05

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

84

2

Sites

2.38

0.0012

0.0256

0.0402

0.05

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

108

0

Sites

0













PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

7

15,373



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

169

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

822

1

Sites

0.12

0.011

0.011

0.011

0.011

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

660

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

10

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,551

1

Sites

0.06

0.084

0.084

0.084

0.084

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006 - 2011

1

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

78

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

3

1

Sites

33

0.044

0.044

0.044

0.044

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

738

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

92

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

126

6

Sites

4.76

0.0016

0.011

0.08

0.207

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

297

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

423

6

Sites

1.42

0.0016

0.011

0.08

0.207

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

123

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

113

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

94

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mgAg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000127





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)

< LOD

ng/g



NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

363.235

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

323.744

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

355.96

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000876

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000577

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

7.58E-08

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000117

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

6522.68

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

4017.91

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000518

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.31366

no units



A-125

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Aldrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1993. Toxicological Profile for Aldrin/Dieldrin (update). Atlanta: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 184 pp

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). 1984. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air. Third Edition. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH. 139 pp.

ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Aldrin/Dieldrin (Update). Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 280 pp.

ATSDR. 2002. Toxicological Profile for Aldrin/Dieldrin. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

113

Jager, K.W. 1970. Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin and Telodrin: An Epidemiological and Toxicological Study of Long-Term Occupational Exposure. New York: Elsevier Publishing Company. 234 pp.

179

USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Aldrin and Dieldrin. EPA 815 R-01-011.

190

USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, Aldrin. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington, DC.

239

USEPA. 2001. Analysis of National Occurrence of the 1998 Contaminant Candidate List Regulatory Determination Priority Contaminants in Public Water Systems. Office of Water. EPA report 815-D-01-
002. 77 pp.

247

USEPA. 2001. Occurrence of Unregulated Contaminants in Public Water Systems: An Initial Assessment. Office of Water. EPA report 815-P-00-001. Office of Water. 50 pp.

255

USEPA. 2003. Contaminant Candidate List Regulatory Determination Support Document for Aldrin and Dieldrin. U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Standards and Risk Management
Divison, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-126

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

alpha-Hexachlo rocycloh exa ne

CASRN:

319-84-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID2020684

Use:

Component of benzene h exa chloride (BHC) former
insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

carcinogen with linear MOA

5

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.005

hepatic nodules and hepatocellular

general population

IRIS

1987



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0229

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-127

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.008

mg/kg/day

ATSDR 2005

Fitzhugh et
al. 1950

Hepatic effects: hepatic histopat ho logical changes

general population

33.8

47.3

[22]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

6.3

(mg/kg/day)A-l

IRIS 1987

Ito et al.(
1973a

hepatic nodules and hepatocellular carcinomas

general population

33.8

0.00470

[187]

NOTE: this compound is a
byproduct of production of
gamma HCH (Lindane), which is no
longer registered for use as a
pesticide in the US

Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



IRIS 1987











[187]

NOTE: this compound is a
byproduct of production of
gamma HCH (Lindane), which is no
longer registered for use as a
pesticide in the US

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies passed
full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

2.7

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CalEPA 0 EH HA Chemical Database



Human Health Ambient Water Quality

0.00000036

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Criteria









Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.0018

(ug/m3)A-l

EPA IRIS



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.00077

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

177

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

14.47

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0012794

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.233

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.229

no units

TEST QSAR



A-128

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.649

20

Sites

0.55

0.01

0.0135

0.0229

0.067





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

8.230

23

Sites

0.28

4.00E - 04

0.0118

0.0646

0.21





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.820

20

Sites

1.1

4.00E - 04

0.0115

0.067

0.21





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.410

3

Sites

0.05

0.0012

0.0327

0.0511

0.059

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

34

1

Sites

2.94

0.012

0.012

0.012

0.012

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

253

1

Sites

0.4

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

242

4

Sites

1.65

0.01

0.01

0.02

0.06

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

725

2

Sites

0.28

0.0012

0.0014

0.00185

0.0021

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

967

6

Sites

0.62

0.0012

0.01

0.01

0.06

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000102





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

18.5267

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

236.373

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

276.233

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00355971

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0106905

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000849

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000484

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1506.74

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

157.761

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000734

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.66038

no units



A-129

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

22

ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, and Delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

187

USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH); CASRN 319-84-6. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington, DC.

A-130

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ametryn

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Ametryn

CASRN:

834-12-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID1023869

Use:

Herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

400

degenerative and inflammatory liver effects

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0101

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-131

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ametryn

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.072

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

O'Connor
1987

degenerative and inflammatory liver effects

general population

33.8

426

[376]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2017











[3761



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

9

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.06

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3170

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

508

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

131

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

20.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

14

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

7.08

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

36.099998

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

7.6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0045604

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.207

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.608

no units

TEST QSAR



A-132

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ametryn

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

2.091

141

Sites

6.74

1.00E - 04

0.00306

0.0101

1.05





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

434

138

Sites

32

1.00E - 04

0.00304

0.01

1.05





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.657

3

Sites

0.18

0.00479

0.0209

0.203

0.281

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

3

188,062

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

3

33,682



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

17

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

381

42

Sites

11

0.00092

0.00508

0.03

0.266

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

622

1

Sites

0.16

0.00594

0.00594

0.00594

0.00594

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,003

43

Sites

4.29

0.00092

0.00554

0.03

0.266

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

71

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.11E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35089

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

343.891

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

360.753

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000211

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000871

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000630959

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00110662

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

6.50043

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

5.28445

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.36E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.94353

no units



A-133

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ametryn

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

376

USEPA. 2017. Ametryn - Preliminary Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0249-0022. DP No. D440785. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-134

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ammonia

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Ammonia

CASRN:

7664-41-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID0023872

Use:

Chemical intermediate; defoliant; antifungal agent for

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1748

90th Percentile

Finished Water

DW
Monitoring

2006 - 2011

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-135

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ammonia

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OW1992











[219]









PPRTV 2005











[263]









WHO 2003











[437]









HC 2013











[100]

NOTE: All qualifying
assessments decline to
quantify oral toxicity







ATSDR2004











[19]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Reproductive

10

Zhang, 2018

Renal, Immune, Systemic

50

Zhang, 2018

2015-09-01

2020-03-25

4315

5

20

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

1.7

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.1

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

30

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.5

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

200

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Subchronic RfC

0.1

mg/mA3

EPA PPRTV



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value I

Units

1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50 | 350 |

mg/kg

Inih hsdb



l

A-136

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ammonia

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

10

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

10

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

50

158,252,384



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

30B-40B

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

18

7

Sites

39

104

1230

1748

2020

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

48



390



790

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

13

6

Sites

46

19

160

1001

1460

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

64



50



240

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-137

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ammonia

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

ATSDR. 2004. Toxicological Profile for Ammonia. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

100

Health Canada. 2013 Guideline Technical Document Ammonia. Health Canada (HC), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

219

USEPA. 1992. Drinking Water Health Advisories: Ammonia. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, DC.

263

USEPA. 2005. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Ammonia. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

437

WHO. 2003. Ammonia in Drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

A-138

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

ANDROSTENEDIONE

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

ANDROSTENEDIONE

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID8024523

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

9

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

100

hormone-related effects on male fertility
(decreased number of sperm per mg cauda
epididymis)

general population

ECHA

2011



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.00116

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-139

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

ANDROSTENEDIONE

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.025

mg/kg/day

ECHA 2011

NTP 2010;
Blystone et
al., 2011

hormone-related effects on male fertility (decreased number of sperm pe
mg cauda epididymis)

general population

33.8

148

[70]

NOTE: An ECHA Derived No
Effect Level (DNEL) is used in
place of the RfD

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Developmental, Reproductive

1

Sprando, 2004

Systemic, Hepatic,

60

Wiesenfeld, 2006,



2020-04-14

2928

10

18

6

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats EE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats EE

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

14.15

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0168267

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.062

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.958

no units

TEST QSAR



A-140

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

ANDROSTENEDIONE

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

1.201

77

Sites

6.41

3.00E - 04

0.00047

0.00116

0.0041





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

529

7

Sites

1.32

0.00041

0.00088

0.00217

0.00456





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

29

6

Sites

21

0.00041

0.00072

0.00111

0.00114





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

500

1

Sites

0.2

0.00456

0.00456

0.00456

0.00456

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

252

30

Sites

12

0.00032

0.00124

0.003

0.00828

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

354

3

Sites

0.85

0.00225

0.00238

0.00321

0.00356

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

606

33

Sites

5.45

0.00032

0.00138

0.0032

0.00828

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.001218

0.00283

0.00458

0.006126

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,094

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100

0.00046

0.00059

0.000694

0.00072

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

19

Sites

90

0.000789

0.00209

0.00553

0.007467

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000022





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

58.1212

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

346.557

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

358.124

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000234

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000441

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000161292

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000065

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

37.295

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

84.3335

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000295

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.87316

no units



A-141

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

ANDROSTENEDIONE

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

70

ECHA. 2011. Registration Dossier for Androst-4-ene-3,17-dione. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), Helsinki, Finland. https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13632/l
Accessed 5/14/2020.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-142

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Anthraquinone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Anthraquinone

CASRN:

84-65-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID3020095

Use:

Basis for the production of a large number of acid and
base dyes, vat dyes, disperse dyes, and reactive dyes.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.8

increase in hepatocellular adenoma,
carcinoma, or hepatoblastoma in male mice

general population

PPRTV

2011



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.284

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-143

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Anthraquinone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.002

mg/kg/day

PPRTV 2011

NTP (2005b)

pathology in several organs, including the liver, kidney, and spleen, in
male and female F344 rats.

general population

33.8

11.8

[323]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.039

(mg/kg/day)A-l

PPRTV 2011

NTP (2005b)

The increase in hepatocellular adenoma, carcinoma, or hepatoblastoma ir
male mice

general population

33.8

0.759

[323]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



PPRTV 2011











[323]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(ml/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Immune, Renal

3.2

Dodd,2013

Whole Body, Hepatic

3.2

Dodd, 2013

2010-02-01

2020-01-15

847

1

1

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats SE

no units

HHSNTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

1.28

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0150314

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.714

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.517

no units

TEST QSAR



A-144

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Anthraquinone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

567

28

Sites

4.94

0.01

0.05

0.284

0.78





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

28

Sites

32

0.01

0.05

0.284

0.78





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

479

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

716

197

Sites

28

0.01

0.05

0.34

2.98

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

690

12

Sites

1.74

0.02

0.05

0.081

0.11

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,406

209

Sites

15

0.01

0.05

0.34

2.98

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

16

Sites

42

0.0128

0.0346

0.0522

0.0782

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

11

Sites

52

0.08

0.081

0.0818

0.082

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000341



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

18.7227

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

371.769

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

357.578

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000108

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000198

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000094

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000416

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

28.7099

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

101.158

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.82E-08

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.23488

no units



A-145

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Anthraquinone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

323

USEPA. 2011. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for 9,10-Anthraquinone(CASRN 84-65-1). EPA/690/R-11/007F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-146

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Atenolol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Atenolol

CASRN:

29122-68-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID2022628

Use:

antihypertensive; antianginal; antiarrhythmic

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

8

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

1

lowest therapeutic dose: beta blocker/blood
pressure reduction

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.08778

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-147

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Atenolol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000208333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Caraco
Pharmaceut

ical
Laboratories
, LTD.

lowest therapeutic dose:beta blocker/blood pressure reduction

bottle-fed infants

151

1.40

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000208333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Caraco
Pharmaceut

ical
Laboratories
. LTD.

lowest therapeutic dose:beta blocker/blood pressure reduction

general population

33.8

4.90

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

3.33

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.004901961

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.001388889

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

3000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

0.7

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0089537

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.008

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.512

no units

TEST QSAR



A-148

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Atenolol

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

557

12

Sites

2.15

0.00166

0.0225

0.0878

0.249

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

75

12

Sites

16

0.00166

0.0225

0.0878

0.249

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

482

0

Sites

0













PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

1

Samples

12

0

0



3.41e-05 +/- 0

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

205

41

Sites

20

0.00096

0.0194

0.149

0.515

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

401

3

Sites

0.75

0.0081

0.00869

0.00872

0.00874

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

606

44

Sites

7.26

0.00096

0.0179

0.148

0.515

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 12017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.0298



0.0298

ug/L



Batt et al. 2016 (Ambient) [46]

2008 - 2009

182

88

Sites

48

0.0019

0.0115

0.0653

0.1864

ug/L



Bradley et a 1. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

15

Sites

39

0.0079363

0.171

0.422

0.5510741

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

1

Sites

0.09

0.0087356

0.00874

0.00874

0.0087356

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

0

Samples

0

0

0



0

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.035

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2009) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.036

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.02

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.859

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

21

Sites

100

0.0417468

0.579

1.47

3.233452

ug/L



Kostich et al. 2014 (Wastewater) [126]

not reported

50

48

Sites

96

0.0085

0.596

1.73

3.0733

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.96

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.442

ug/L



Palmer et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











14.2

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











3.06

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000188





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for aII years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34423

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

296.692

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

384.93

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.11E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.78E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0489742

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0201372

mol/L



Biocon cent ration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.41866

no units



Biocon cent ration factor

TEST QSAR

2.208

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.35E-10

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.0522496

no units



A-149

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Atenolol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

46

Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a Nationaicale Rivers and Streams
Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

126

Kostich MS, et al. 2014 Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation. Environ Pollut. 2014
Jan;184:354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013. Epub 2013 Oct 3. PMID: 24095705.

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-150

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Azoxystrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Azoxystrobin

CASRN:

131860-33-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID0032520

Use:

Agricu Itu ra 1 fu ng ic id e

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

10

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

1000

reduced body weights in both sexes and bile
duct lesions in males

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0265

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.000027

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-151

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Azoxystrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.18

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Milburn
1995

reduced body weights in both sexes and bile duct lesions in males

general population

33.8

1070

[396]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[3961



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

4.5

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.67

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

1.2

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

1.2

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.18

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

150

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

22.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

21.17

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

211

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

22.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.001052

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.199

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.961

no units

TEST QSAR



A-152

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Azoxystrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.763

263

Sites

15

0.00012

0.00323

0.0265

2.91





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

324

253

Sites

78

0.00012

0.00323

0.0265

2.91





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.439

10

Sites

0.69

0.00036

0.00121

0.0144

0.26

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

2,436,869

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

8

Sites

80

0.0013

0.0032

0.0375

0.39

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.0218

0.0218

0.0218

0.0218

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

434

186

Sites

43

0.00013

0.0066

0.141

128

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

531

6

Sites

1.13

0.00061

0.00169

0.00654

0.0101

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

965

192

Sites

20

0.00013

0.00651

0.141

128

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

12

Sites

5.29

0.0013

0.0013

0.0196

0.662

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

3

Sites

1.38

0.0044

0.0084

0.467

0.662

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

9

Sites

90

0.0013

0.0013

0.0184

0.24

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

676

311

Sites

46

0.0033

0.0332

0.412

2.67

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

9

Sites

24

0.005

0.0281

0.252

0.2795

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

4

Sites

0.68

4e-04

0.0013

0.00194

0.002

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



2.46E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.28513

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

359.001

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

474.033

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.89E-12

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

9.42E-11

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000121

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000154

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

12.6717

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.48E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.71667

no units



A-153

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Azoxystrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

396

USEPA. 2018. Azoxystrobin: Revised Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0835-0043. DP No. D444164. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-154

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Benfluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Benfluralin

CASRN:

1861-40-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID3023899

Use:

Pre-emergent d in rtroan iline herbicide used to control
grasses and other weed species

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

8

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

30

increased histopathologic lesions of the
kidneys

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.011

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-155

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Benfluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.005

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Moore
1996,1998

increased histopathologic lesions of the kidneys

general population

33.8

29.6

[377]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2017











[3771



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.03

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.03

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

10000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

1000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

475

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

9.87

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0156315

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.608

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.142

no units

TEST QSAR



A-156

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Benfluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitor ing-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

10,167

152

Sites

1.5

0.001

0.004

0.011

0.205

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,044

133

Sites

6.51

0.001

0.0045

0.012

0.205

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

8,123

19

Sites

0.23

0.001

0.004

0.008

0.011

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

7

53,174

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

1,250



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



N on-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

33

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

706

22

Sites

3.12

0.001

0.007

0.019

0.088

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

2,606

18

Sites

0.69

0.001

0.003

0.0068

0.014

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

3,311

40

Sites

1.21

0.001

0.005

0.018

0.088

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

149

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

139

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

1,268

16

Sites

1.26

0.007

0.0125

0.203

2.71

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

2.04e-05

5.69e-05

8.61e-05

9.34e-05

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

106

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































lA/osfe Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000121





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection

n serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fie Ids indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54014

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

366.246

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

361.409

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000568

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000446

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000357

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000164

mol/L



B ioco nee nt rat io n facto r

OPERA QSAR

941.493

no units



B ioco nee nt rat io n facto r

TEST QSAR

234.963

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000487

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.26734

no units



A-157

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Benfluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

377

USEPA. 2017. Benfluralin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0931-0039. DP No. D431028. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-158

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bensulide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID9032329

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

7

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

8

inhibition of red blood cell chol in esterase in
pups

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

979



EDWCSW peak

OPP

2016

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-159

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bensulide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.006

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Barnett
2014

inhibition of red blood cell cholinesterase in pups

bottle-fed infants

151

7.95

[361]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2016











[3611



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.15

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.03

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1540

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

270

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

95

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

23

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

24.56

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0004446

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.636

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.742

no units

TEST QSAR



A-160

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bensulide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

9

710,457

2016

Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

544

320

Sites

59

0.02

0.69

6.38

142

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water, Peak

2016

OPP

979

ug/L

Tier II Surface Water
Concentration Calculator

	Kwrn v1 1Q6	

The critical effect of chol in esterase inhibition in postnatal day 11 pups is considered a less-than-chronic response in a sensitive
population. To be protective of this population, the modeled surface water peak concentration was selected as the occurrence

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000142





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

104.45

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

394.639

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000972

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000121

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000651

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000385

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4.85073

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

13.4276

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000159

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.0814

no units



A-161

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bensulide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

361

USEPA. 2016. Bensulide: Human Health Risk Assessment to Support Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0022-0019. DP No. D428598. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-162

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bentazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID0023901

Former herbicide

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

decreased pup body weight during lactation

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2014



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.14

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-163

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bentazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.15

mg/kg/day

OPP 2014

Suteret al.
1989

decreased pup body weight during lactation

bottle-fed infants

151

199

[335]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2014











[3351



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.3

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.06

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.4

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.03

mg/L

MN DOH



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Public Health Goal

0.2

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Public Health Goals



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.05

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.022

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1139

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

383.2

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

13.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

249

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

3.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

62

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

3.41

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

243.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

86.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



A-164

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bentazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.741

470

Sites

6.07

0.00051

0.0129

0.14

19





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.195

273

Sites

23

0.00051

0.0121

0.12

19





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.546

197

Sites

3.01

0.00193

0.06

0.926

11.5

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

41

2,631,678

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

211

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

8

Sites

47

3e-04

0.0013

0.00757

0.1

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2,231

3

Sites

0.13

4.6

5.3

8.42

9.2

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

476

96

Sites

20

0.00117

0.0104

0.0772

13.2

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,059

39

Sites

3.68

0.00601

0.0354

0.115

4.49

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,535

135

Sites

8.79

0.00117

0.0121

0.0874

13.2

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

79

Sites

34

3e-04

0.0013

0.0098

1.31

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

72

Sites

33

3e-04

0.00111

0.0186

1.31

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

7

Sites

58

3e-04

0.0014

0.0097

0.194

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

5

Sites

13

0.0116

0.0187

0.0624

0.088

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

13

Sites

1.88

0.0019

0.0216

0.124

0.398

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

126

4

Samples

3.2







0.03

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000017



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.9037

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

303.93

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000943

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00219058

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000541

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.4173

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.59E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.10469

no units



A-165

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bentazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

335

USEPA. 2014. Sodium Bentazon - Preliminary Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0117. DP No. D417312. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-166

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Benzophenone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Benzophenone

CASRN:

119-61-9

DTXSID:

DTXSID0021961

Use:

Chemical intemediate used pesticide, fragrance,
varnish, antihistamines

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

10

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

300

increased renal tubule hyperplasia

general population

MDH

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.112

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-167

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Benzophenone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.03

mg/kg/day

ECHA 2018

NTP2006

"non-neoplastic kidney effects"

general population

33.8

178

[67]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.053

mg/kg/day

MDH 2019

National
Toxicology
Program,
2006

" Increased renal tubule hyperplasia"

general population

33.8

314

[146]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

Hepatic

6.445

Hoshino, 2005

Female Reproductive, Nervous
System, Gastrointestinal,
Musculoskeletal, Endocrine

4199

Chhabra, 2000



2020-01-28

1221

7

15

5

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice
SE

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice SE

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats SE

no units

HHS NTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

10000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

1900

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

130

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

8.776

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

40.52

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

3.43

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0262422

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.378

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.553

no units

TEST QSAR



A-168

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Benzophenone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

556

74

Sites

13

0.01

0.04

0.112

0.4





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

86

29

Sites

34

0.01

0.04

0.117

0.33





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

470

45

Sites

9.57

0.01

0.06

0.105

0.4

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

713

243

Sites

34

0.01

0.05

0.13

6.83

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

688

89

Sites

13

0.01

0.025

0.076

0.34

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,401

332

Sites

24

0.01

0.04

0.12

6.83

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

12

Sites

32

0.0714

0.184

0.214

0.221

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.051

0.17

0.34

0.36

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000335





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.31313

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

306.491

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

303.142

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00114394

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000349945

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00063623

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00027227

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

25.7151

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

87.9023

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000011

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.27814

no units



A-169

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Benzophenone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

67

Danish Environmental Protection Agency. 2018. Substance Evaluation Conclusion as required by REACH Article 48 and Evaluation Report for Benzophenone EC No 204-337-6 CAS No 119-61-9.
Copenhagen, Denmark. EC No 204-337-6

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

146

MDH. 2019 Toxicological Summary for Benzophenone. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-170

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bifenthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID9020160

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

7

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

reduced locomotor activity

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2012



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0122

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-171

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bifenthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.01

mg/kg/day

OPP 2012

Wolansky et
al. 2006

reduced locomotor activity

bottle-fed infants

151

13.2

[324]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2012











[3241



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.07

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.07

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

4450

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

54.5

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

16.299999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

7.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

10.19

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

7.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

4.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0001361

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.392

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.781

no units

TEST QSAR



A-172

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bifentiirin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.994

21

Sites

1.05

5.00E - 05

0.00232

0.0122

0.129





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

339

18

Sites

5.31

5.00E - 05

0.00239

0.0109

0.0446





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.655

3

Sites

0.18

8.00E-05

0.00061

0.0905

0.129

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

1,403,807

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

10

16,519



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

2

Sites

12

0.0053

0.0207

0.0329

0.036

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

436

21

Sites

4.82

0.00148

0.0116

0.0581

0.35

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

530

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

966

21

Sites

2.17

0.00148

0.0116

0.0581

0.35

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

201

1

Sites

0.5

0.008

0.008

0.008

0.008

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

190

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.008

0.008

0.008

0.008

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

4,917

970

Sites

20

0.00062

0.0123

0.0799

5.633527

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0218

0.0218

0.0218

0.0218

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

1

Sites

0.17

le-04

le-04

le-04

le-04

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



2.33E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54094

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

370.963

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

411.331

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000153

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000121

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000189

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

4.98E-08

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4985.6

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

381.944

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.88E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.79073

no units



A-173

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bifenthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

324

USEPA. 2012. Bifenthrin: Human Health Risk Assessment to Support Section 3 New Uses for a Bed Bug Treatment, Grass Grown for Seed, Tolerances for Imported Tea, and a Section 18 Emergency
Exemption Use on Apple, Nectarine, and Peach. EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0236-0007. DP No. D372550. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington,
D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-174

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bisphenol A (4^4'-lsopropylidenediphenol)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

BisphenolA(4,4'-lsopropylidenediphenol)

CASRN:

80-05-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID7020182

Use:

Production of polycarbonate and epoxy resins.
Formerly used as fungicide.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

8

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

20

hepatocyte hypertrophy and increased liver
weight (absolute and relative)

general population

ECHA

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.6016

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-175

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bisphenol A (4,4'-lsopropylidenediphenol)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.05



IRIS 1988

NTP 1982

"reduced mean bodyweight"

general population

33.8

296

[196]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.004

mg/kg/day

ECHA 2015

Tyl et al.
2008

hepatocyte hypertrophy and increased liver weight (absolute and
relative)

general population

33,8

0.0237

[72]

NOTE: Due to the large
amount of literature
published after the 1988 IRIS
assessment (an estimated
800 studies were expected to
be relevant and require full
text review), no additional
searches are going to be
taken at this time. If BPA is
listed on the CCL, efforts to

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.016

mg/kg/day

NSF2008

Tyl et al.
(2007)

reduced body weight gain in rats and minimal to mild hepatocyte
hypertrophy in adult F0 and F1 males and F1 female mice

general population

33.8

94.7

[444]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0065

mg/kg/day

MDH 2015

Tyl et al.
2008

"Centrilobular hepatocyte hypertrophy, increased kidney weight"

general population

33.8

38.5

[138]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













1987-09-01

2019-12-17

9149

230

20

Screening stopped in the
middle of title/abstract
screening due to extremely

high number of includes,
which was deemed outside
the scope of this rapid
systematic review. No further

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Sho rt-T erm/SubchronicHealth-Based

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Guidance Value









Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats E

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male,Mice E

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats E

no units

HHS NTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0179887

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.086

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.711

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

2230

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5280

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

21.33

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

1320000

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

max

TD50

445

mg/kg/dav

NIHCPDB

min

A-176

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bisphenol A (4,4'-lsopropylidenedipher

CCL5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

732

12

Sites

1.64

0.03

0.251

1.6

2.64

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

86

4

Sites

4.65

0.03

0.105

0.273

0.278

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

646

8

Sites

1.24

0.107

0.298

2.13

2.64

u«/L













PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

29

3,104,838

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1B-5B

Noil-Nation ally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

9.157284

9.16

9.16

9.157284

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

4

Samples

50

0

2.7e-06



4.43e-05 +/-
1.01e-05

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,200

205

Sites

17

0.01

0.08

0.49

4.97

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

532

157

Sites

30

0.01

0.08

0.464

2.97

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

619

47

Sites

7.59

0.02

0.09

1.05

4.97

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,151

204

Sites

18

0.01

0.08

0.49

4.97

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 12017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.029



0.029

ug/L



Bradley et a 1. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

15

Sites

39

0.0253

0.0649

0.134

0.163

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,077

7

Sites

0.65

0.171062

0.193

0.34

0.430036

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

6

Samples

75

0

1.27e-05



2.19e-05 +/-
1.6e-06

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

2

Sites

100





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

20

2

Sites

10

0.152752

0.242

0.401

0.441148

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mgAg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000211





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

4.9

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

15.1318

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

343.216

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

359.933

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.83E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000259

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000535206

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00124451

mol/L



Bioconeentration factor

OPERA QSAR

43.6947

no units



Bioconeentration factor

TEST QSAR

117.22

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000126

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.35076

no units



A-177

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bisphenol A (4,4'-lsopropylidenediphenol)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

72

ECHA. 2015. Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC) Opinion on an Annex XV dossier proposing restrictions on bisphenol A. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), Helsinki, Finland. ECHA/RAC/RES-O-
0000001412-86-56/F.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

138

MDH. 2015. Toxicological Summary for: Bisphenol A. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

196

USEPA. 1988. Chemical Assessment Summary Bisphenol A. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washingtor
DC.

444

Willhite, C., Ball. G.,and McLellan, C. 2008. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B. 11:69-146.

A-178

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Boron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Boron

CASRN:

7440-42-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID3023922

Use:

Former pesticide; oxygen scavenger; catalyst; in
composite structural materials

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

10



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

1000

decreased fetal body weights

women of
child bearing age

OW

2008



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

475

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



Boron was found at levels greater than the HRL(and VSthe HRL) in
ral of the ground water systems surveyed by NIRS, it was not
found at levels greater than the HRL (or Vi the HRL) in the surface

irs sources evaluated in the AwwaRF study [a, b, d]. EPA believes
that the overall national occurrence and exposure from both surface
nd ground water systems together is likely to be lower than the
a lues observed for the NIRS ground water data [c,d].

Frey, et a I, 2004 [82
[d] USE PA, 2008 [298];

; [b] Seidel, 2006 [162]; [c] USE PA, 2004 [261];
is cited in USEPA, 2008 [296]

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-179

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Boron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.035

mg/kg/day

HC 1990

Weirand
Fisher 1972

testicular atrophy and spermatogenesis arrest

general population

33.8

207

[90]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.17

mg/kg/day

OW 2008

Allen et al.
1996; Heindel
et al. 1992;
Price et al.
1994 and

decreased fetal body weights

women of childbearing
age

35.4

960

[292]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.2

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2010

Weirand
Fisher 1972

testicular atrophy and systemic effects

general population

33.8

1180

[28]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.17

mg/kg/day

WHO 2009

Allen et al.
1996; Heindel
et al. 1992;
Price et al.
1994 and

decreased fetal body weights

women of childbearing
age

35.4

960

[441]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.2

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2004

Price et al.(
1996a;
Heindel et al..

decreased fetal weight

women of childbearing
age

35.4

1130

[259]



Cancer Classification (CC)

|



IRIS 2004











[259]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

Reproductive

1

Marat, 2018

Developmental, Svstemic

125

El-Dakdoky, 2013

2009-11-01

2020-02-13

2877

9

30

4

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

3

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.5

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.3

mg/mA3

CDC ATSDR



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.5

mg/L

MN DOH



Drinking Water Guideline Value

2.4

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Lifetime Health Advisory

6

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

5

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Sh ort-T erm/SubchronicHealth-Based

0.5

mg/L

MN DOH



Guidance Value









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



Data Element | Value | Units | Source | Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-180

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Boron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

810

Sites

82

5

47

475

3950





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

6.327

6.014

Sites

95

0

38

210

8470





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

414

388

Sites

94

0

40

193

4200





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

5.913

5.626

Sites

95

1

33

247

8470

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

25K-100K

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

273

192

Sites

70

0.076

180

500

9000

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

5

NA

Sites





140

200



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,929

1,184

Sites

61

0.0151

240

1000

235000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

2,101

1,959

Sites

93

1.79

55

301

56700

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

8,067

7,586

Sites

94

1

65

728

564000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

10,148

9,526

Sites

94

1

60

467

564000

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

757

738

Sites

97

3

34

446

4080

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-181

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Boron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

ATSDR. 2010. Toxicological Profile for Boron. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

Frey, M.M., C. Seidel, M. Edwards, J. Parks, and L. McNeill. 2004. Occurrence Survey for Boron and Hexavalent Chromium. AwwaRF Report 91044F.

HC. 1990. Guideline Technical Document - Boron. Health Canada (HC), Water and Air Quality Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

162

Seidel, C. 2006. Email Communication to Brent Ranalli at The Cadmus Group, Inc. [concerning boron data from an AwwaRF-sponsored study, with data in an attached spreadsheet]. Denver, CO: McGuirc
Malcolm Pirnie. May 19.

178

USE PA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

259

USEPA. 2004. Chemical Assessment Summary, Boron. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington, D.C.

261

USEPA. 2004. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Boron and Compounds. August. Available on the Internet at: http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0410.htm. Accessed February 2, 2005.

292

USEPA. 2008. Health Effects Support Document for Boron. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, D.C.

296

USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

298

441

WHO. 2009. Boron in Drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

A-182

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Boscalid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Boscalid

CASRN:

188425-85-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID6034392

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

10

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

1000

thyroid lesions

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0258

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.000026

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-183

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Boscalid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.22

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Mellert et
al. 2001a
and b; MRID
45723501

thyroid lesions

general population

33.8

1300

[414]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2019











[4141



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

1.4

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

1.4

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.218

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

1034.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

57.400002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

12.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

6.37

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

78.099998

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

788

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

277

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

8.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0093325

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.516

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.762

no units

TEST QSAR



A-184

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Boscalid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

14

3

Sites

21

0.0057

0.0102

0.0258

0.0288





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

14

3

Sites

21

0.0057

0.0102

0.0258

0.0288





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

42

782,294

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

5

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

3

Sites

12

0.0029

0.0034

0.00556

0.0061

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

136

70

Sites

51

0.0014

0.0208

0.215

11.2

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

139

70

Sites

50

0.0014

0.0208

0.215

11.2

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

221

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

216

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

5

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

11

Sites

29

0.0052

0.009

0.215

0.6781

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.82E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.73188

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

396.769

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

446.25

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

5.4E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.04E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000026

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000553

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

776.451

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

107.152

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.84E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.15332

no units



A-185

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Boscalid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

414

USEPA. 2019. Boscalid. Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0199-0020. DP No. D451675. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-186

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bromacil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID4022020

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

decreases in mean absolute body weight and
decreased food efficiency

general population

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.12

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-187

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bromacil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0196

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Bogdanffy
1989

decreases in mean absolute body weight and decreased food efficiency

general population

33.8

116

[362]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2016











[3621



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

5

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.07

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5200

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

641

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

9.8199997

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.64

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

2.9

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0047643

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.514

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.87

no units

TEST QSAR



A-188

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bromacil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.914

482

Sites

6.09

0.00043

0.0124

0.12

21.7





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.235

268

Sites

22

0.00055

0.0117

0.095

5.42





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.680

214

Sites

3.2

0.00043

0.05

0.956

21.7

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

3

253,973

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

174

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

4

Sites

27

0.0086

0.045

0.0654

0.069

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2,117

1

Sites

0.05

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

53

Sites

23

0.002

0.016

0.179

21.8

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

46

Sites

21

0.002

0.0445

1.8

21.8

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

7

Sites

70

0.002

0.014

0.0573

0.41

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

2,953

100

Sites

3.39

0.027

0.122

2.22

68

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

5

Sites

13

0.02

0.028

0.0948

0.1

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

32

Sites

4.64

4e-04

0.0164

1.07

7.76

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

0

Sites

0







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.46E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35662

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

290.845

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

315.49

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00178266

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000402

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.324213

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00179473

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.42732

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

3.5156

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000138

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.07377

no units



A-189

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bromacil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

362

USEPA. 2016. Bromacil and its Lithium Salt - Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-190

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bromoxynil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Bromoxynil

CASRN:

1689-84-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID3022162

Use:

Herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

carcinogen with linear MOA

6

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.3

hepatocellular tumors

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.22

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

073

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-191

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bromoxynil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.015

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Harlinget al.
1988 and
1989

increased incidence of panting and decreased absolute body weight

general population

33.8

88.8

[397]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.103

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2018

Budd and
Rinde 1997

hepatocellular tumors

general population

33.8

0.287

[397]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2018











[397]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.5

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.08

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.103

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.000311

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.096

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.000311

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.096

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.005

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.015

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

365

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

63

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

12

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

3.7

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

14.48

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0011535

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.367

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-192

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bromoxynil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.736

60

Sites

0.78

6.00E - 04

0.0228

0.22

6.1





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.196

53

Sites

4.43

6.00E - 04

0.0235

0.219

6.1





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.540

7

Sites

0.11

0.01

0.02

0.121

0.311















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

36

2,957,908

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

31

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

476

9

Sites

1.89

0.0056

0.01

0.19

0.269

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,059

1

Sites

0.09

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,535

10

Sites

0.65

0.0056

0.01

0.182

0.269

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

8

1

Sites

12

0.065

0.065

0.065

0.065

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

6

1

Sites

17

0.065

0.065

0.065

0.065

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

4

Sites

11

0.0128

0.0194

0.0902

0.1185

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000092



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.8868

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

306.681

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

295.87

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000232

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000264241

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000863573

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000237684

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

5.7625

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

12.331

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000153

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.62395

no units



A-193

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bromoxynil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

397

USEPA. 2018. Bromoxynil and Bromoxynil Esters: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0896-0021. DP No. D444387. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-194

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bupropion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Bupropion

CASRN:

34911-55-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID7022706

Use:

antidepressant

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

8

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

8

lowest therapeutic dose: aminoketone
antidepressant/ maintaining antidepressant
response, treat depressive episode

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.10344

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-195

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bupropion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00125

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Solco
Healthcare
US LLC

lowest therapeutic dose: aminoketone antidepressant/ maintaining
antidepressant response, treat depressive episode

bottle-fed infants

151

8.30

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00125

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Solco
Healthcare
US LLC

lowest therapeutic dose: aminoketone antidepressant/ maintaining
antidepressant response, treat depressive episode

general population

33.8

29.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug la bels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

7.5

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.029411765

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.008333333

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

575

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

600

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0045709

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.071

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.358

no units

TEST QSAR



A-196

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bupropion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

11

Sites

1.97

0.00107

0.0139

0.103

0.148





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

11

Sites

15

0.00107

0.0139

0.103

0.148





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

12



0.0103



0.01091

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

205

47

Sites

23

6.00E - 04

0.00403

0.2

0.339

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

4

Sites

1

0.00282

0.0162

0.0284

0.034

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

606

51

Sites

8.42

6.00E - 04

0.00467

0.198

0.339

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

20



0.00636



0.00941

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

12

Sites

32

0.0007854

0.048

0.0796

0.1595924

ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

3

Sites

0.27

0.0044212

0.0093

0.02

0.0226803

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

18

Sites

86

0.0179911

0.0935

0.988

89.4629985

ug/L



Shultz et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.6

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.38965

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

307.696

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

295.443

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000469

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000116

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000646695

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000368978

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

69.189

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

50.3501

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.04E-09

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.91432

no units



A-197

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Bupropion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-198

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Butyl benzyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Butyl benzyl phthalate

CASRN:

85-68-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID3020205

Use:

Chemical intermediate; plasticizer

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

carcinogen with linear MOA

9

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

20

increased incidence of pancreatic cancer in
male F334 rats

general population

PPRTV

2002



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.3

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-199

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Butyl benzyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.2

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1989

NTP1985

"Significantly increased liver- to-body weight and liver-to-brain weight
ratios"

general population

33.8

1180

[203]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.2

mg/kg/day

OW1991

NTP 1985

increased liver weight in rats

general population

33.8

1180

[211]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0019

(mg/kg/day)A-l

PPRTV 2002

NTP1997a

increased incidence of pancreatic cancer in male F334 rats

general population

33.8

15.6

[253]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OW 1991











[211]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



PPRTV 2002











[253]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Neurological, Systemic

2

Betz, 2013

Hematologic

1500

Uriu-Adams, 2001

2001-10-01

2019-12-17

656

12

34

11

Other Health Data

Data Element I Value I Units I Source 1 Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.0001

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria forCWA



Maximum Allowable Daily Level

1200

ug/day

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Female.Rats EE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Mice NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Rats IS

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Ma le.Rats SE

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0591562

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.035

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.749

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

13750

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

2000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in

9.87

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

347

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

TD50

47000

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-200

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Butyl benzyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

22

2

Sites

9.09

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

13

2

Sites

15

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

21

1

Sites

4.76

0.005

0.029

0.0674

0.077

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

484

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

221

2

Sites

0.9

0.003

0.042

5.41

8.5

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

638

1

Sites

0.16

4.7

5.2

5.6

5.7

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

143

15

Sites

10

0.2

0.8

5

5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

344

17

Sites

4.94

0.5

0.8

1.11

2.1

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

487

32

Sites

6.57

0.2

0.8

5

5

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000115





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35267

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

365.191

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

392.394

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000447

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000433

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000908

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000185

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

19.3088

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

16.6725

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.82E-08

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.46009

no units



A-201

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Butyl benzyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

203

USEPA. 1989. Chemical Assessment Summary Butyl benzyl phthalate. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

211

USEPA. 1991. Drinking Water Criteria Document for Phthalic Acid Esthers (PAES). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, DC.

253

USEPA. 2002. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for Butyl benzyl phthalate (CASRN 85-68-7) Derivation of a Carcinogenicity Assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Researcl
and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-202

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Caffeine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID0020232

CNS stimulant

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





10

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.2782

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-203

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Caffeine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes





















NOTE: Though there are over
the-counter labels for
caffeine, there are no FDA
approved formulations for
adults. For this reason, a
health concentration was not
developed.

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

10

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.058823529

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.016666667

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

127

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

230

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

7.84

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0011429

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.192

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.799

no units

TEST QSAR



A-204

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Caffeine

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

3,465

417

Sites

12

0.0025

0.046

0.278

15

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

341

222

Sites

65

0.004

0.0554

0.325

15

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

3,124

195

Sites

6.24

0.0025

0.01

0.0384

2.82

us/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

100K-500K

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

58

9

Sites

16

0.051

0.064

0.17

0.37

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.0589107

0.0589

0.0589

0.0589107

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.017

0.017



ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

3

Samples

38

0

0



1.16e-05+/-7e-
07

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

266

34

Sites

13

0.05

0.19

0.427

1.5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,019

526

Sites

52

0.00583

0.06

0.322

18

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

1,697

69

Sites

4.07

0.005

0.0323

0.108

0.267

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

2,715

595

Sites

22

0.005

0.06

0.314

18

ug/L



Glass meyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

12



0.0703



0.09089

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

28

Sites

74

0.0068603

0.0874

0.227

1.275935

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

106

0

Sites

0













Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

11

Sites

0.99

0.1254262

0.246

0.974

1.359395

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009-2010

8

4

Samples

50

0

2.7e-06



1.59e-05+/-6e-
07

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100

0.002

0.0145

0.0247

0.025

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

126

40

Samples

32







11.4

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

21

Sites | 100

0.0189615 1 0.14 1 1.8 1 3.1 1 ug/L



















Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mgAg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000242





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.52242

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

286.771

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

337.485

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000208

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000241

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.101085

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.054325

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.86426

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.31522

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000159

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

-0.119469

no units



A-205

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Caffeine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

49

Bexfield, L. M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

178

USE PA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

A-206

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Calcium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Calcium

CASRN:

7440-70-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID9050484

Use:

Element, used in alloys and deoxidizerfor copper,
beryllium, steel

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





10

10



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

96865

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-207

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Calcium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes







HC 2019











[97]

NOTE: There is no evidence
of adverse health effects
from calcium in drinking
water

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

2500

mg/day

IOM 2010



no adverse effects

general population

2413

207000

nm



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAE L
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

I Value I

Measured Data and Assessment Results

I

I

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-208

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Calcium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

986

Sites

100

25

37453

96865

1116000





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

12.127

12.124

Sites

100

20

37000

94540

5200000





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.626

2.626

Sites

100

22

33700

82000

5200000





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9.502

9.499

Sites

100

20

51800

120000

1940000

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

660

653

Sites

99

100

49000

96000

1.2e+08

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

549

532

Sites

97

30

17600

49200

481000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

221

215

Sites

97

780

22000

56950

121000

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

100



39300



78400

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

11

NA

Sites





30000

95000



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

5,442

5,427

Sites

100

100

43000

121000

1.3e+08

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

88

88

Sites

100

202

27700

52790

539000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - ME (Source)

2009

1

1

Sites

100

25000

25000

25000

25000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006-2011

13

13

Sites

100

2100

45700

103360

197000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

344

341

Sites

99

810

24900

66730

140000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

147

146

Sites

99

550

53000

94480

3e+05

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

100



38900



129000

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

758

757

Sites

100

42

32600

100400

476000

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-209

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Calcium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

97

HC. 2019. Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality Summary Table. Health Canada (HC), Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, Ontario,
Canada.

111

IOM. 2010. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Institute of Medicine (IOM), National Academies of Science, Washington, D.C.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

A-210

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Camphor

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Camphor

CASRN:

76-22-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID5030955

Use:

Starting reagent for organic synthesis. Used as an
odorant and flavorant. Plasticizer in cosmetics and as
a preservative.

Chemical Notes:

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

FIFRA

Human Neurotoxicants

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

Neu rode v. Disruptors

Androgen Receptors in vitro

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0592

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-211

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Camphor

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes





















NOTE: No health
assessments found

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review















2020-04-07

1181

2

8

0

Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1310

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

0.43

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Modeled Data



LD50

0.0098855

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR





Ames mutagenicity test

-0.018

no units

TEST QSAR





Developmental toxin test

0.94

no units

TEST QSAR



A-212

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Camphor

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

571

28

Sites

4.9

0.004

0.0125

0.0592

7.6





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

25

Sites

28

0.004

0.013

0.0598

7.6





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

483

3

Sites

0.62

0.004

0.006

0.0368

0.05

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

100K - 500K

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

721

340

Sites

47

0.005

0.03

0.11

3.9

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

692

27

Sites

3.9

0.004

0.028

0.34

1.08

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,413

367

Sites

26

0.004

0.03

0.11

3.9

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

15

1

Sites

6.67

0.105

0.105

0.105

0.105

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

14

Sites

37

0.0108

0.0214

0.0415

0.0486

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

8

Sites

38

0.025

0.045

0.075

0.13

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000102



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

5.16263

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

204.644

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

203.784

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.340707

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.214289

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00489575

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0111944

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

14.6711

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

55.7186

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000794

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.64083

no units



A-213

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Camphor

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-214

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbamazepine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID4022731

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

6

lowest therapeutic dose: anticonvulsant/

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.07999

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-215

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbamazepine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000833333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Caraco
Pharmaceutic
al

La boratories.

lowest therapeutic dose:anticonvulsant/ seizure therapy

bottle-fed infants

151

5.60

[77] [150]

NOTE: (LowestTherapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000833333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Caraco
Pharmaceutic
al

Laboratories.

lowest therapeutic dose:anticonvulsant/ seizure therapy

general population

33.8

20.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (LowestTherapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-aooroved

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review















2020-01-28

10463







Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.04

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.04

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.04

mg/L

MN DOH



Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

26.7

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical -
general population

0.019607843

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.005555556

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Sh ort-T erm/SubchronicHealth-Based
Guidance Value

0.04

mg/L

MN DOH



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

2.19

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0068707

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.428

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.792

no units

TEST QSAR



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-216

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbamazepine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

626

62

Sites

9.9

0.00021

0.00478

0.08

0.468

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

75

41

Sites

55

0.00021

0.00475

0.0821

0.334

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

551

21

Sites

3.81

0.00033

0.00495

0.0571

0.468

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data























Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

2

Sites

7.69

0.0005503

0.000656

0.00074

0.0007611

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

8



0.0177



0.0265

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

1

Samples

12

0

0



2.5e-05 +/- 8.8e-
06

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0













Kleywegt et al. (2011) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2011

NA

NA











0.601

ug/L



Tabe et al. (2009) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2009

NA

NA











4e-04

ug/L



Kormos et al. (2007) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2007

NA

NA











0.721

ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.007

ug/L



Snyder et al. (2007) via Kumar et al. (2010) (Finished) [128]

2007

20

NA

Samples



0.0011

0.0028



0.0057

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

502

246

Sites

49

0.00018

0.012

0.114

0.521

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

940

58

Sites

6.17

0.00046

0.0157

0.301

1

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,441

304

Sites

21

0.00018

0.012

0.13

1

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

28



0.0159



0.0357

ug/L



Batt et al. 2016 (Ambient) [46]

2008 - 2009

182

74

Sites

41

0.0015

0.0116

0.0514

0.2493

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

22

Sites

58

0.0008717

0.0707

0.204

0.3827473

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

18

Sites

1.63

0.0029133

0.00852

0.102

0.1620862

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

8

Samples

100

5e-07 +/- le-07

9e-07



4.1e-06 +/- 1.2 e-
06

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

2

Sites

100

0.001

0.0055

0.0122

0.014

ug/L



Kleywegt et al. (2011) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2011

NA

NA











0.749

ug/L



Tabe et al. (2009) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2009

NA

NA











0.002

ug/L



Kormos et al. (2007) via Uslu et a 1. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2007

NA

NA











1.015

ug/L



Rahman et al. (2010) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2010

NA

NA











0.0779

ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.009

ug/L



Snyder et al. (2007) via Kumar et al. (2010) (Ambient) [128]

2007

20

NA

Samples



0.0012

0.0031



0.039

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.02

ug/L



A-217

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Benotti et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.078

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2009) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.051

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.034

ug/L



Conley et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.023

ug/L



Conley et al. (2008b) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0056

ug/L



Drewes et al. (2002) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.61

ug/L



Focazio et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.19

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al. (2005) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.186

ug/L



Kolpin et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.263

ug/L



Spongberget al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.014

ug/L



Stackelberg et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.5

ug/L



Stackelberg et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.6

ug/L



Stand ley et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0024

ug/L



Trenholm et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0025

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.092

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.203

ug/L



Zhang et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.114

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.0394095

0.169

0.409

0.7300448

ug/L



Kostich et al. 2014 (Wastewater) [126]

not reported

50

48

Sites

96

0.0242

0.101

0.271

0.4612

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.8

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.196

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.11

ug/L



Drewes et al. (2002) via Kostich etal. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.445

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al. (2005) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.27

ug/L



Gross et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.059

ug/L



Levine etal. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010(Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.21

ug/L



Palmer et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.551

ug/L



Soli man et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.7

ug/L



Spongberg et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.111

ug/L



Trenholm etal. (2006) via Kostich etal. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.274

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.232

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000236





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

5.03451

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

320.593

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

384.336

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.85 E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

3.22 E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000382424

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000255

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

16.3863

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

26.6073

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.02 E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.46475

no units



A-218

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbamazepine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022





46

Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a Nationaicale Rivers and Streams
Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

126

Kostich MS, et al. 2014 Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation. Environ Pollut. 2014
Jan;184:354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013. Epub 2013 Oct 3. PMID: 24095705.

127

Kostich, MS, et al., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

128

Kumar, A. and Xagoraraki, 1., 2010. Human health risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in water: An uncertainty analysis for meprobamate, carbamazepine, and phenytoin. Regulatory Toxicology and
Pharmacology, 57(2-3), pp.146-156.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

433

Uslu, M., Jasim, S., Arvai, A., Bewtra, J. and Biswas, N., 2013. A Survey of Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Substances in the Great Lakes Basin. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 35(4),
pp.249-262.

A-219

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbaryl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Carbaryl

CASRN:

63-25-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID9020247

Use:

Insecticide; veterinary medication

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

1

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

brain acetylcholinesterase inhibition in pups

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

2.4

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM2

1993 -1997

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-220

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbaryl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.01

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Moser 2006

brain acetylcholinesterase inhibition in pups

bottle-fed infants

151

13.2

[378]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.000875

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2017

Hamada
1993

hemangiosarcoma

general population

33.8

33.8

[378]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2017











[378]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

1

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.04

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.09

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

128

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1248.9301

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

3.0999999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

180.86

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

11.51

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0014689

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.655

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.784

no units

TEST QSAR



A-221

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbaryl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone Units

Notes





PWS/ Sites/

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)









Samples



















Finished Water



Preva

ence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

12,623

4

Sites

0.03

0.68

1

2.4

3

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,274

820

Sites

7.27

0.00038

0.011

0.074

23.5

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,227

750

Sites

34

0.00038

0.011

0.074

23.5

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,048

70

Sites

0.77

0.00048

0.0075

0.0364

0.781

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

43

1,981,350

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

9

872

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Re suits (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

171

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

820

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA(Finished)

2006 - 2011

255

0

Sites

0













US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

5

Sites

29

0.002

0.005

0.069

0.3

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,747

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

77

1

Sites

1.3

0.75

0.75

0.75

0.75

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

1

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

422

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

92

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,564

363

Sites

23

0.00089

0.016

0.135

3.13

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,658

24

Sites

0.66

0.00037

0.007

0.039

0.0886

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

5,221

387

Sites

7.41

0.00037

0.015

0.13

3.13

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

7

Sites

3.06

0.002

0.018

0.0643

0.33

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

2

Sites

0.91

0.0125

0.02

0.0511

0.0612

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.002

0.018

0.065

0.33

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

9,207

332

Sites

3.61

0.003

0.11

0.533

13

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

11

Sites

29

0.0032

0.0135

0.0899

0.257

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

796

6

Sites

0.75

5e-04

6e-04

0.0027

0.0033

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

133

35

Samples

26







1.3

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

3

Sites | 14

0.093 | 0.093 | 0.093 | 0.093 | ug/L



















Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



5.61E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompT ox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.55485

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

312.24

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

311.019

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000118

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000562

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000534089

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000414954

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

10.3318

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

4.69894

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.55E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.38412

no units



A-222

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbaryl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

378

USEPA. 2017. Carbaryl: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0230-0034. DP No. D433668. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-223

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbendazim

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Carbendazim

CASRN:

10605-21-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID4024729

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

carcinogen with linear MOA

10

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

hepatocellularadenomaand/orcarcinoma

general population

OPP

2014



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.07612

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.0076

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-224

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbendazim

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.025

mg/kg/day

OPP 2014

Sherman et al.
1972

decreased body weight and food consumption

general population

33.8

148

[337]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.00239

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2014

Wood 1982;
Schneider et al.
1982

hepatocellular adenoma and/or carcinoma

general population

33.8

12.4

[337]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2014











[337]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.11

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.017

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.00239

(mg/kg/day) A-1

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.16

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.0134

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.16

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.0134

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Ad justed Dose (PAD)

0.025

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

15000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

16.540001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

90

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

20

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

7.19

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

10.79

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0082794

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.605

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.884

no units

TEST QSAR



A-225

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbendazim

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.757

212

Sites

12

0.00014

0.014

0.0761

1.79





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

198

Sites

61

0.00014

0.014

0.0759

1.79





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.435

14

Sites

0.98

0.00105

0.0127

0.13

0.251

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

7

1

Sites

14

0.003

0.003

0.003

0.003

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

115

4

Sites

3.48

0.003

0.003

0.033

0.121

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

109

1

Sites

0.92

0.005

0.005

0.0153

0.0179

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

7

3

Sites

43

0.003

0.003

0.033

0.121

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

122

33

Sites

27

0.0043

0.0197

0.0605

0.1559

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

584

5

Sites

0.86

0.0013

0.0054

0.101

0.157

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000001



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54241

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

275.322

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

374.376

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.04E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.17E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0024081

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000907821

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.44925

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.6293

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.38E-09

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.43961

no units



A-226

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbendazim

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

337

USEPA. 2014. Thiophanate-Methyl and Carbendazim (MBC). Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0004-0010. DP No. D413079. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-227

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbon disulfide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Carbon disulfide

CASRN:

75-15-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID6023947

Use:

Former insecticide/fumigant; rubber additive;
industrial solvent; chemical intermediate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

600

fetal toxicity and fetal malformations

women of
child bearing age

IRIS

1987



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.4

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-228

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbon disulfide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1987

Hardin et al.
1981

fetal toxicity and fetal malformations

women of childbearingage

35.4

565

[191]

NOTE: high volatility and very
low odor threshold: from
0.0243 mg/m3 to 23.1
mg/m3 (0.0078 to 7.4 ppm)







ATSDR1996











mi



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Systemic, Neurological

200

Gao, 2014







1995-08-01

2020-02-13

528

10

71

2

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.01

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Benchmark

0.16

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.7

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.3

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.7

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

800

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2125

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

3188

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

0.43

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.705

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-229

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbon disulfide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

6.049

723

Sites

12

0.01

0.1

0.4

34





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

243

54

Sites

22

0.01

0.02

0.1

34





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

5.806

669

Sites

12

0.01

0.1

0.6

7.3

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

29

8,774,313



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

250M-500M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

127

8

Sites

6.3

0.5

0.73

1.6

8.72

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

9

Sites

35

0.01649

0.0211

0.151

0.2946

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

799

20

Sites

2.5

0.51

0.74

3.4

240

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

187

15

Sites

8.02

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3,202

168

Sites

5.25

0.1

0.3

3

12.4

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,385

183

Sites

5.41

0.1

0.2

2.87

12.4

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

14

Sites

37

0.01248

0.0357

0.137

0.2378

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

685

120

Sites

18

0.0102

0.0749

0.61

4.2

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000243



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

18.0411

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

47.2959

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

365.359

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0213938

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR







Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

18.2423

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00944903

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.95653

no units



A-230

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Carbon disulfide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

11

ATSDR. 1996. Toxicological Profile for Carbon Disulfide. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

191

USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, Carbon Disulfide. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

A-231

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlordecone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Chlordecone

CASRN:

143-50-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID1020770

Use:

Formerly as insecticide, fungicide, miticide

Chemical Notes:

Canceled pesticide. Last end of use date: 4/4/1977.

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

carcinogen with linear MOA







Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.003

liver hepatocellular carcinoma

general population

IRIS

2009



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.2

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NWIS

2008-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-232

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlordecone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0003

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2009

Larson et
al. 1979

renal lesions (glomerulosclerosis) in female rats

general population

33.8

1.78

[300]

NOTE: canceled
registration, OPP does not
provide a publicly-
available health
assessment for
chlordecone; the
chlordecone entry in the
IRIS database was
preserved at the request
of EPA program offices

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

10

(mg/kg/day)A-l

IRIS 2009

NCI 1976

liver hepatocellular carcinoma

general population

33.8

0.00296

[300]

NOTE: canceled
registration, OPP does not
provide a publicly-
available health
assessment for
chlordecone; the
chlordecone entry in the
IRIS database was
preserved at the request
of EPA program offices

Cancer Classification (CC)

L



IRIS 2009











[300]

NOTE: canceled
registration, OPP does not
provide a publicly-
available health
assessment for
chlordecone; the
chlordecone entry in the
IRIS database was
preserved at the request
of EPA program offices







OPP















Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.01

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

16

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CalEPA OEHHAChemical Database



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.0046

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.0005

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats P

no units

HHS NTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0003882

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.529

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

2550

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

65

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

44.29

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

0.705

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

min

TD50

29.3

mg/kg/dav

NIHCPDB

max

A-233

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlordecone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

2

2

Sites

100

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2

2

Sites

100

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000194





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

913.927

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

373.013

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

354.456

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000162

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000465

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000296

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000232

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1458.84

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000926

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.49303

no units



A-234

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlordecone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

300

USEPA. 2009. Chemical Assessment Summary, Chlordecone (Kepone). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

A-235

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chloromethane (Methyl chloride)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Chloromethane (Methyl chloride)

CASRN:

74-87-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID0021541

Use:

Foaming agent; in organic synthesis; naturally-
occurring gas

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





9

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.7

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-236

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chloromethane (Methyl chloride)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0036

mg/kg/day

OW1989

Repko et a I,,
1976

mild neurological effects

general population

33.8

21.3

[205]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



PPRTV 2012











[326]

NOTE: no oral toxicity values
have been derived for
chloromethane because it
primarily exists as a gas

Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 2001











[243]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OW 1989











[205]









ATSDR1998











[13]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.4

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.5

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.05

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Inhalation Minimal Risk Level

0.2

ppm

CDC ATSDR



(MRL)









Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.09

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Subchronic RfC

3

mg/mA3

EPA PPRTV



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0057016

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.487

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value I

Units

1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50 | 1800 |

mg/kg

Inih hsdb



l

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-237

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chloromethane (Methyl chloride)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scorin£Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015

4,916

138

Sites

2.81

0.2

0.4

1.7

11.3

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

23,478

528

Sites

2.25

0.00073

1.4

5

312

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992

20,246

248

Sites

1.22

0.01

1.9

12.2

550

ug/L



National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

7,366

189

Sites

2.57

0.02

0.1

0.2

320

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

269

53

Sites

20

0.02

0.1

0.1

320

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

7,097

136

Sites

1.92

0.1

0.1

0.2

21

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

24

1,088,720



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1B-5B

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

398

40

Sites

10

0.19

0.745

1.6

35

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

899

83

Sites

9.23

0.5

1.1

3.85

44.6

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

1,188

28

Sites

2.36

0.07

1.42

4.73

320

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

6

Sites

23

0.1607

0.186

0.233

0.2694

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

4,242

218

Sites

5.14

0.076

0.75

2

21.2

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006 - 2011

3

2

Sites

67

0.49

36.2

64.8

72

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

133

17

Sites

13

0.5

0.7

3.66

4.9

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

14

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

1,666

8

Sites

0.48

0.65

0.83

5.04

6.3

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

135

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

240

3

Sites

1.25

0.2

0.4

0.82

1

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,492

38

Sites

1.09

0.1

0.4

1.1

4

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

3,728

41

Sites

1.1

0.1

0.4

1.08

4

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012 - 2013

685

2

Sites

0.29

0.3

1.45

2.37

2.6

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection

n serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

16.4952

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

-26.1513

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

-0.434

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2473.43

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1866.38

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0623759

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.418794

mol/L



Bioconeentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.6851

no units



Bioconeentration factor

TEST QSAR

3.8815

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00943159

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.947026

no units



A-238

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chloromethane (Methyl chloride)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

13

ATSDR. 1998. Toxicological Profile for Chloromethane. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

205

USEPA. 1989. Chloromethane Health Advisory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C.

243

USEPA. 2001. Chemical Assessment Summary, Chloromethane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

326

USEPA. 2012. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Chloromethane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-239

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlorothalonil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Chlorothalonil

CASRN:

1897-45-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID0020319

Use:

Fungicide; bactericide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

4

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

renal epithelial hyperplasia in the proximal
convoluted tubules of females

general population

OPP

2010



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.51

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-240

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlorothalonil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.02

mg/kg/day

OPP 2010

Spencer-
Briggs 1996

renal epithelial hyperplasia in the proximal convoluted tubules of females

general population

33.8

118

[309]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2010











[3091



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.017

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.003

mg/L

MN DOH



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.0015

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats P

no units

HHS NTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

10000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

242

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

0.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

37.28

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

2.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

750

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

TD50

1180

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

TD50

20100

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0048978

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.05

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.29

no units

TEST QSAR



A-241

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlorothalonil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

5.787

21

Sites

0.36

0.01

0.09

0.51

3.33





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

951

16

Sites

1.68

0.01

0.07

0.626

3.33





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

4.836

5

Sites

0.1

0.09

0.25

0.385

0.41

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

11,506,189

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

7

1,036,501



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

69

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

12

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

739

3

Sites

0.41

0.018

0.033

0.0354

0.036

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

137

22

Sites

16

1.00E - 04

0.0046

0.0282

0.158

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

70

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

207

22

Sites

11

1.00E - 04

0.0046

0.0282

0.158

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

1

Sites

0.44

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

1

Sites

0.46

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

565

5

Sites

0.88

0.0067

0.105

0.159

0.187

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

5

Sites

13

0.0033

0.0061

0.00638

0.0065

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000218



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

5.52071

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

344.049

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

341.73

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000897

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000218776

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000281

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000229

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

75.4862

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

44.2

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000281

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.09917

no units



A-242

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlorothalonil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

309

USEPA. 2010. Chlorothalonil. Registration Request for Use on Low-Growing Berry Subgroup 13-07G; Bushberry Subgroup 13-07B; Onion, Bulb Subgroup 3-07A; and Onion, Green Subgroup 3-07B.
Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0517-0003. DP No. D370486. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-243

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlorpyrifos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Chlorpyrifos

CASRN:

2921-88-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID4020458

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors

X

Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

1

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2

decreased brain cholinesterase activity

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2011



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0305

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

X

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-244

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlorpyrifos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0003

mg/kg/day

OPP 2011

Hoberman

1998;
Mandralla &
Brzakl998

decreased brain cholinesterase activity in pregnant dams

women of childbearingage

35.4

1.69

[318]



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.03

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.002

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0006

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.003

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0006

mg/L

MN DOH



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.03

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.003

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.002

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.09

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.0006

mg/L

MN DOH



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

26.9

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

0.03

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

18.73

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

0.75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

0.15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0003048

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.097

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.595

no units

TEST QSAR



A-245

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlorpyrifos

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019

3,649

1

Sites

0.03

0.0305

0.0305

0.0305

0.0305

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,249

620

Sites

5.51

0.00022

0.007

0.029

0.57

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,233

573

Sites

26

0.00022

0.007

0.029

0.57

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,017

47

Sites

0.52

0.00057

0.005

0.0149

0.215

ug/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

7,971,347

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

6

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

92

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,553

94

Sites

6.05

0.00051

0.0067

0.0618

11.3

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,630

6

Sites

0.17

0.0028

0.00485

0.0205

0.0398

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

5,182

100

Sites

1.93

0.00051

0.0067

0.0606

11.3

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

20,007

3,554

Sites

18

7e-07

0.0188

0.162

9.4

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

30

Sites

79

2.42e-05

0.000322

0.00396

0.0904

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

1

Sites

0.14

6e-04

6e-04

6e-04

6e-04

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

1

Sites

50

0.009

0.0095

0.0099

0.01

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

133

1

Samples

0.8







0.01

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

0

Sites

0







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mgAg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000023





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.75106

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

371.599

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000259

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000308

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000316

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000236

mol/L



Bioconeentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1687.74

no units



Bioconeentration factor

TEST QSAR

380.189

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000209

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.85185

no units



A-246

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Chlorpyrifos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

318

USEPA. 2011. Chlorpyrifos: Preliminary Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0850-0025. DP No. D388070. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-247

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clomazone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID1032355

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

no adverse effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

5000

no adverse effects identified

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.39567

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-248

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clomazone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.84

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Morrow
1983

no effects identified at loael selected as pod

general population

33.8

4970

[398]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[398]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element	I Value | Units |	Source	|	Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results					

Acute Human Health Benchmark	30	mg/L	EPA HHBP	

Acute PAD	1	mg/kg/day EPA HHBP	

Chronic Human Health Benchmark	54	mg/L	EPA HHBP	

Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)	0.84	mg/kg/day EPA HHBP	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0025942

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

1.078

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.592

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1369

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

2077

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

5.13

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Sub chronic LOAEL

273

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

160.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



A-249

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clomazone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

14

1

Sites

7.14

0.01

0.0659

0.396

0.537





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

14

1

Sites

7.14

0.01

0.0659

0.396

0.537





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

33

1,039,399

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

5

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

132

33

Sites

25

0.0022

0.0476

1.45

19.4

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

135

33

Sites

24

0.0022

0.0476

1.45

19.4

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

221

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

216

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

5

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

414

129

Sites

31

0.0045

0.288

2.82

12

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.0064

0.467

0.835

0.9271

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.58E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.33433

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

279.519

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

310.651

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000103082

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000329

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00482471

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00106414

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

37.6372

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.33E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.35315

no units



A-250

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clomazone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

398

USEPA. 2018. Clomazone: Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed (1) New Uses on Cilantro, Dill, and Rapeseed Subgroup 20A; (2) Tolerance Revisions of Cucurbit Vegetable Group 9; (3) Tolerance
Expansions of Representative Commodities to (i) Cottonseed Subgroup20C, (ii) Stalk and Stem Vegetable Subgroup 22A, except Kohlrabi, (iii) Dry Bean, and (iv)Succulent Bean; and (4) Tolerance
Conversions from Crop Subgroup 5A (Head and Stem Brassica) to Crop Group 5-16 (Brassica Head and Stem Vegetable), Chinese Broccoli and Kohlrabi. EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0372-0008. DP No. D445140.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-251

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clopyralid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Clopyralid

CASRN:

1702-17-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID9029221

Use:

Herbicide, food additive

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

5

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

900

increased epithelial hyperplasia and
thickening of the limiting ridge ofthe
stomach

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.132

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.00015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-252

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clopyralid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.15

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Barn a-Lloyd
eta 1.1985
and 1986

increased epithelial hyperplasia and thickening of the limiting ridge of the
stomach

general population

33.8

888

[415]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2019











[4151



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.96

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.96

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.15

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

4300

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

150

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

2000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

2.38

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

5000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

2000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0099541

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.114

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.26

no units

TEST QSAR



A-253

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clopyralid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

6,464

34

Sites

0.53

0.01

0.04

0.132

0.53





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

969

30

Sites

3.1

0.01

0.04

0.136

0.53





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

5.495

4

Sites

0.07

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.02

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

46

2,037,895

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

6

Sites

35

0.0057

0.012

0.0474

0.684

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

198

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

542

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

740

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

9

Sites

3.93

0.005661

0.012

0.036

0.36

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

5

Sites

2.29

0.005661

0.00566

0.0227

0.024

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

4

Sites

33

0.0057

0.012

0.036

0.36

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

182

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.17E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53754

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

286.1

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

293.982

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000209

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000647

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00334275

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0301995

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.76695

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

2.5527

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.79E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.19217

no units



A-254

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clopyralid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

415

USEPA. 2019. Clopyralid. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review of the Herbicide. E PA-HQ-OPP-2014-0167-0031. DP No. D442247. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-255

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clothianidin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID2034465

Insecticide used on food crops

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

decreased body weight gain, delayed sexual
maturation, decreased thymus weights in F1
pups, increased stillbirths in Fland F2

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0017

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-256

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clothianidin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.098

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Freshwater
and Astroff
2000

decreased body weight gain, delayed sexual maturation, decreased
thymus weights in F1 pups, increased stillbirths in F1 and F2

bottle-fed infants

151

130

[416]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2019











[4161



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Human Health Benchmark

1.7

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.63

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.63

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.098

mg/kg/day

EPA H HBP



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

389

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

215.89999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

31.200001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

65.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.94

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

202

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

40.900002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

21.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

34

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0023933

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.998

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.597

no units

TEST QSAR



A-257

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Clothianidin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

5

1

Sites

20

9.00E - 04

0.0014

0.0017

0.0019





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

5

1

Sites

20

9.00E - 04

0.0014

0.0017

0.0019





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

31

163,492

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

3

Sites

30

0.008

0.008

0.0102

0.018

ug/L



Klarich et al. 2017 (Finished) [117]

2016

20

16

Sites

80

0.00389

0.0119

0.0291

0.03346

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

131

55

Sites

42

9.00E - 04

0.0092

0.0783

1.34

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

12

4

Sites

33

0.0123

0.0274

0.0491

0.0555

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

143

59

Sites

41

9.00E - 04

0.0094

0.0777

1.34

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

227

3

Sites

1.32

0.008

0.008

0.0265

0.045

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

10

3

Sites

30

0.008

0.008

0.0265

0.045

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

279

5

Sites

1.79

0.0311

0.0462

0.0645

0.0675

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

9

Sites

24

0.0026

0.0113

0.0438

0.0663

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



9.22E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.55019

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

326.625

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000197

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00076435

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00200447

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.38346

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.82E-09

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.762847

no units



A-258

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cloth ianidin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

117

Klarich, K.L., Pflug, N.C., DeWald, E.M., Hladik, M.L., Kolpin, D.W., Cwiertny, D.M. and LeFevre, G.H., 2017. Occurrence of neonicotinoid insecticides in finished drinking water and fate during drinking
water treatment. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 4(5), pp. 168-173.

416

USEPA. 2019. Clothianidin. Human Health Risk Assessment to Address Residues from New/Amended Uses of Thiamethoxam. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0779-0004. DP No. D446686. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-259

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cobalt

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Cobalt

CASRN:

7440-48-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID1031040

Use:

Use data a re for cobaItous ch loride: Formerlyin
medicines; as germicide; naturally-occurring

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

9

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2

"decreased iodine uptake in humans"

women of
child bearing age

PPRTV

2008



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

5.198

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-260

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cobalt

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0003

mg/kg/day

PPRTV 2008

Roche and
Layrisse
1956

"decreased iodine uptake in humans"

women of child bearing age

35.4

1.69

[294]









ATSDR2004











[201



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Hematologic, Systemic

10

Nejad, 2014

Immune

10

Nejad, 2014

2007-08-01

2019-10-22

6161

13

287

2

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.0001

mg/mA3

CDC ATSDR



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

9

ug/mA3

EPA PPRTV



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.01

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.000006

mg/mA3

EPA PPRTV



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.003

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Subchronic RfC

0.00002

mg/mA3

EPA PPRTV



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no un

ts

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no un

ts

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no un

ts

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats P

no un

ts

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no un

ts

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats P

no un

ts

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value I

Units

1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50 | 6171 |

mg/kg

Inih HSDB



l

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-261

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cobalt

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

4,922

247

Sites

5.02

1

1.8

5.2

1097.099





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State(UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Mon itoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and RadionuclidesSurvev(NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

3

Sites

0.3

6

10

10

11





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.630

5.028

Sites

66

0.007

0.151

1.55

684





National Water Qua litv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

466

137

Sites

29

0.02

0.167

1.03

53.2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

7.164

4.891

Sites

68

0.007

0.147

1.64

684

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

38

240,271



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

70

33

Sites

47

0.002

0.108

0.3

1.07

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

12

Sites

46

0.04

0.11

0.147

0.18

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites







































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

139

47

Sites

34

0.009

0.166

2.1

29

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,272

1,167

Sites

92

0.005

0.21

1.5

508

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

4,565

2,769

Sites

61

0.007

0.129

2.88

1230

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

5,825

3,934

Sites

68

0.005

0.19

1.95

1230

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

757

602

Sites

80

0.022

0.0775

0.881

52.4

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)

0.28

ug/l



NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-262

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cobalt

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

20

ATSDR. 2004. Toxicological Profile for Cobalt. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

294

USEPA. 2008. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for Cobalt (CASRN 7440-48-4). EPA/690/R-08/008F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center
for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-263

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cotinine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID1047576

Urinary metabolite of

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1058

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-264

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cotinine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes





















NOTE: No health
assessments found

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review















2020-04-06

4070

9

129

0

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results











Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

0.6

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0026363

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.336

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.642

no units

TEST QSAR



A-265

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cotinine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.142

64

Sites

5.6

0.00027

0.0117

0.106

0.38





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

144

63

Sites

44

0.00027

0.012

0.106

0.38





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

998

1

Sites

0.1

0.00506

0.00506

0.00506

0.00506

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

4

Sites

15

0.0010904

0.00166

0.00235

0.0025508

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

8



0.011



0.01581

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009-2010

8

1

Samples

12

0

0



4e-07 +/- 4e-07

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0













IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.006

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

8



0.0153



0.01886

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

23

Sites

61

0.0011136

0.0173

0.0489

0.0680997

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009-2010

8

2

Samples

25

0

0



2.7e-06 +/- 4e-
07

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0













IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.012

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

21

Sites

100

0.0111602

0.042

0.192

0.2647215

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000117



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)

0.388

ng/ml



NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34908

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

280.912

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

279.705

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000289385

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000944061

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.252783

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0369828

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.16285

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

2.46604

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000115

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.190328

no units



A-266

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cotinine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

433

Uslu, M., Jasim, S., Arvai, A., Bewtra, J. and Biswas, N., 2013. A Survey of Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Substances in the Great Lakes Basin. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 35(4),
pp.249-262.

A-267

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cumene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID1021827

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

4

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

600

increased average kidney weights

general population

IRIS

1997



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

3.24

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM1

1988-1992

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-268

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cumene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1997

Wolf etal.
1956

increased average kidney weight

general population

33.8

592

[225]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

WHO 1999

Wolf et al.
1956

increased average kidney weight

general population

33.8

592

[436]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1997











[225]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2001-09-01

2020-04-14

480

0

4



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

11

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.4

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female. Rats SE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Ma le.Mice CE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats CE

no units

HHSNTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1400

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

2910

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

5.96

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.020893

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.04

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.5

no units

TEST QSAR



A-269

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cumene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

22.995

56

Sites

0.24

0.1

0.6

2.58

15





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992

12.771

35

Sites

0.27

0.01

0.9

3.24

6





National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

6.831

75

Sites

1.1

0.005

0.03

3.5

27





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

277

14

Sites

5.05

0.005

0.2

3.5

3.8





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.554

61

Sites

0.93

0.005

0.0285

3.76

27

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

41

924,489



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

5B - 10B

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

9

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

846

17

Sites

2.01

0.01

0.01

0.09

1.77

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3,434

34

Sites

0.99

0.01

0.0355

0.83

39.6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

4,277

51

Sites

1.19

0.01

0.0245

0.8

39.6

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

9

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

158

1

Sites

0.63

0.064

0.064

0.064

0.064

ug/L



Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) (Ambient) [102]

2014

1

0

Sites

0













Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) (Ambient) [102]

2014

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

1

Sites

50





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

0

Sites

0







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000106



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)

< LOD

ng/ml



NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

12.7811

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

157.394

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

160.61

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

3.23017

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.95121

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000517581

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000954993

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

48.173

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

239.43

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00860044

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.82156

no units



A-270

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cumene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

102

https://webapps.usgs.gOv/rsqa/#l/region/SESQA

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

225

USEPA. 1997. Chemical Assessment Summary, Cumene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

436

WHO. 1999. Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 18, Cumene. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

A-271

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cycloate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Cycloate

CASRN:

1134-23-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID6032356

Use:

Herbicide for annual grasses, nutgrass, many
broadleafweeds in sugar beets, table beets, spinach

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

2

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

3

spinal nerve axonal atrophy and femoral
nerve alterations in females

general population

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1139

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-272

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cycloate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0005

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

S prague et
al. 1984

spinal nerve axonal atrophy and femoral nerve alterations in females

general population

33.8

2.96

[339]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3391



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.45

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.067

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.03

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.03

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1275

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

4175

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

175

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

3.0999999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

2.32

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0067608

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.352

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.445

no units

TEST QSAR



A-273

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cycloate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

2.751

4

Sites

0.15

0.009

0.02

0.114

0.48





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

221

4

Sites

1.81

0.009

0.02

0.114

0.48





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.530

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

2

48,166

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

1

10



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

16

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

363

2

Sites

0.55

0.0016

0.03

0.0986

0.128

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

621

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

984

2

Sites

0.2

0.0016

0.03

0.0986

0.128

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

121

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

114

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

180

31

Sites

17

0.0136

0.105

0.306

0.601

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0287

0.0287

0.0287

0.0287

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.41E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

2.66986

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

253.174

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0017037

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00480839

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000321829

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00052723

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

44.9671

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

27.1019

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000169

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.79283

no units



A-274

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cycloate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

339

USEPA. 2015. Cycloate. Human Health Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0288-0008. DP No. D424437. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-275

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyfluthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Cyfluthrin

CASRN:

68359-37-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID5035957

Use:

Insecticide; medication

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

reproductive and developmental effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

5

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

3.677



EDWC SW (acute)

OPP

2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-276

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyfluthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0039

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Wolansky et
al. 2006

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

151

5.17

[379]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2017











[3791



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.15

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.15

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.15

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.024

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.024

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Inhalation LOAEL

0.14

mg/L

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Inhalation LOAEL

0.0011013

mg/L

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Inhalation NOAEL

0.0011013

mg/L

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Inhalation NOAEL

0.0259

mg/L

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LD50

140

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

114.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

38.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

8.29

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

13.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

38.900002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

10.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0015311

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.002

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.873

no units

TEST QSAR



A-277

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyfluthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone. Units

Notes





PWS/ Sites/

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)





























Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.675

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

383

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.292

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

279,251

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

21



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

576

1

Sites

0.17

0.098

0.098

0.098

0.098

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,014

1

Sites

0.05

0.015

0.015

0.015

0.015

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,589

2

Sites

0.08

0.015

0.0565

0.0814

0.098

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

201

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

190

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

4,669

343

Sites

7.35

0.000838

0.0082

0.0322

3.4

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

7

Sites

18

0.000263

0.000548

0.000831

0.000964

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

106

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water (acute)

2017

OPP

3.677

ug/L

Tier 1, FQPA Index Reservoir
Screening Tool (FIRST) Model
(alfalfa)

The critical effect of reduced motor activity was based on an acute population adjusted dose and is considered a less-than-chronic
response. To account for this, the modeled surface water acute concentration found in the most recent available EPA OPP health
assessment was selected as the occurrence concentration for cyfluthrin.

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000019



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35028

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

424.382

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

442.743

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

3.81E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

6.1E-10

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000029

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

5.37E-08

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

414.928

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

928.966

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.42E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.08154

no units



A-278

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyfluthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

379

USEPA. 2017. Cyfluthrin and Beta-Cyfluthrin: Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0684-0101. DP
No. D435057. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-279

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyhalothrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Cyhalothrin

CASRN:

68085-85-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID6023997

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

reproductive and developmental effects







Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

l

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date











PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-280

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyhalothrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00093

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Moseret al.
2016

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

151

1.23

[385]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2017











[3851



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.03

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.006

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.006

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.01

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.001

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

20

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

13.19

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

12.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-281

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyhalothrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

123

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

113

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Limit of solubility as a surrogate for occurrence concentration,
Surface Water, Peak

2017

OPP

5

ug/L



Cyhalothrin is very insoluble in water and residues in drinking water are expected to be very low. Therefore, the limit of solubility of
cyhalothrin (5 ppb) reported in the most recent EPA OPP health assessment was used as the occurrence concentration for

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000177





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54201

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

422.672

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

4.02E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

1.97E-08

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR







Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

133.673

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000012

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.63514

no units



A-282

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyhalothrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

385

USEPA. 2017. Lambda-& Gamma-Cyhalothrin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0480-0299. DP No. 426321. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-283

-------
EPA-Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the Final
Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cypermethrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDW and OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

Name:

Cypermethrin

CASRN:

52315-07-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID1023998

Use:

Insecticide; veterinary medication

Chemical Notes:

This CIS also contains some data for the following:

-Alpha cypermethrin

-Beta cypermethrin

-D-tran s-be ta-Cy perm ethri n

-S-cypermethrin

-Zeta cypermethrin

-Cypermethrin, wf

Draft CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X; applies to Alpha-cy perm ethri n,
cypermethrin, d-trans-beta-
cypermethrin, and zeta
cypermethrin

Human Neurotoxicants

X

Pub Med Neurotoxicants



Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et al 2015

x

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

2

2

Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value
(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

30

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for HQ
(ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient
(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0155

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of

20%.

Green highlighting indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.

A-284

-------
EPA-Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cypermethrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.024

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Wolansky et
a 1.2006

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

151

31.8

[380]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2017











[3801



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.15

mg/L

EPA HHBP

alpha-cypermethrin

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.15

mg/L

EPA HHBP

cypermethrin

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.15

mg/L

EPA HHBP

zeta-cypermethrin

Acute PAD

0.023

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP

alpha-cypermethrin

Acute PAD

0.023

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP

cypermethrin

Acute PAD

0.023

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP

zeta-cypermethrin

Health-Based Screening Level

0.15

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Notes: Yellow highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

14.9

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

7180

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

450

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

10.78

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard

max

vitro assays tested









Percent of active toxcast in

5.96

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard

min; alpha-cypermethrin

vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

28.2000008

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

37

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

16.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

34.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.00172982

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.163

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.877

no units

TEST QSAR



A-285

-------
EPA-Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cypermetiirin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of Detects

PWS/Sites/ Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum

Cone. (Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th
Percentile

Maximum
Cone. (Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019























Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015























Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010























Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003























Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997























Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992























National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.675

5



Sites

0.14

0.006

0.009

0.0155

0.018





National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

383

4



Sites

1.04

0.006

0.011

0.016

0.018





National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Groundwater)

1991-2017

3.292

1



Sites

0.03

0.009

0.009

0.009

0.009

Ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Notes



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount
Released



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

20

23,804

2016

a 1 p ha -cy pe rmeth ri n



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



14

64,415

2016

cypermethrin



44

275,902

2016

zeta-cypermeth rin

Non-Scoring Data







Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Sam oles

Number of Detects



PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum

Cone. (Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th
Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum
Cone. (Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

0



Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0



Sites

0







































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

123

0



Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

113

0



Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

10

0



Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

1,129

84



Sites

7.44

0.0017

0.0107

0.0392

0.357

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

3,711

112



Sites

3.02

0.000516

0.00825

0.0479

1.25293

ug/L

s-cypermethrin

Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

106

0



Sites

0













Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) (Ambient) [102]

2014

1

0



Sites

0











Cypermethrin, wf

USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0



Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

71

1



Samples

1.4







0.014

ug/L





























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude

























































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units



Model

Notes

















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000162



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.

State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the draft CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34971

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

424.351

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

445.159

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

4.74E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.12E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000368

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

6.27E-08

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

349.137

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

741.31

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.99E-09

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.47753

no units



A-286

-------
EPA-Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cypermethrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-Quality
Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

102

https://webapps.usgs.gOv/rsqa/#l/region/SESQA

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5098, 21
p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091,46 p. plus appendixes.

380

USEPA. 2017. Cypermethrin, Zeta-cypermethrin, and Alpha-cypermethrin. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0167-0116. DP No. D425964. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticides in
Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-287

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyprodinil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Cyprodinil

CASRN:

121552-61-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID1032359

Use:

Fungcide used on fruits and vegetables

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

10

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

histopat ho logical alterations in the liver
(spongiosis he pat is) in males

general population

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.00868

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.000043

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-288

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyprodinil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.027

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Frankhauser
1994

histopathological alterations in the liver (spongiosis hepatis) in males

general population

33.8

160

[340]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3401



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

10

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

2

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.17

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.17

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.027

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

1000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

35.599998

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

3.22

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

23.88

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

18.950001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

559.65997

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

231.93

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

3.24

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0048865

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.679

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.516

no units

TEST QSAR



A-289

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyprodinil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

14

2

Sites

14

0.0066

0.0079

0.00868

0.0092





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

14

2

Sites

14

0.0066

0.0079

0.00868

0.0092





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

31

271,518

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

132

16

Sites

12

2.00E - 04

0.0092

0.0764

0.111

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

135

16

Sites

12

2.00E - 04

0.0092

0.0764

0.111

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

259

15

Sites

5.79

0.0091

0.034

0.125

0.144

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0334

0.0334

0.0334

0.0334

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.36E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

2.93362

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

320.755

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

345.205

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000023

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000114

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000588

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000378443

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

29.7556

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

40.5509

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000025

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.88086

no units



A-290

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Cyprodinil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

340

USEPA. 2015. Cyprodinil. Human Health Risk Assessment for the Expansion of Existing Crop Group/Representative Commodity Uses to Stone Fruit Group 12-12, and Adding New Uses on the Artichoke,
Guava, Pomegranate, Passionfruit, Feijoa, Jaboticaba, WaxJambu, Starfruit, and Acerola and Amended Uses on Greenhouse Cucumbers and Small Tomatoes. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0506-0013. DP No.
D425998. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-291

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desethylatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Desethylatrazine

CASRN:

6190-65-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID5037494

Use:

Degradation product of atrazine

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

400

attenuation of LH surge in females ages 13-
49 (estrous cycle disruption)

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.16

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-292

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desethylatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.076

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Cooperet
al. 2010

attenuation of LH surge in females ages 13-49 (estrous cycle disruption)

women of childbearingage

35.4

429

[395]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[3951



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

I Value

Units

I Source |

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Allowable Daily Level

I 100

ug/day

ICalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database |



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

1.53

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

35.099998

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

3.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0072444

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.194

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.582

no units

TEST QSAR



A-293

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desetiiylatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

11,386

4.408

Sites

39

0.00068

0.023

0.16

6.08





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.318

1.703

Sites

73

0.00068

0.025

0.16

6.08





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9.069

2.705

Sites

30

0.001

0.013

0.165

2.6

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

9

Sites

53

0.00072

0.0413

0.157

0.928

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

1

Sites

100

0.006

0.008

0.0216

0.032

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

990

688

Sites

69

0.00104

0.04

0.254

3.63

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3,239

940

Sites

29

0.00075

0.023

0.18

2.34

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

4,228

1,628

Sites

39

0.00075

0.0351

0.215

3.63

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

155

Sites

68

0.000716

0.031

0.21

1.55

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

149

Sites

68

0.000716

0.0208

0.156

1.55

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

7

Sites

58

0.00072

0.041

0.219

1.3

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

26

Sites

68

0.0047

0.0179

0.14

0.851

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

115

Sites

17

0.002

0.0276

0.157

0.802

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100

0.008

0.024

0.0664

0.114

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

134

21

Samples

16







0.013

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



6.61E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

< LOD

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.36178

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

330.895

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

323.062

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.42E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000337

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00132007

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0100925

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

10.3224

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

3.41979

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.43E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.56449

no units



A-294

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desethylatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

395

USEPA. 2018. Atrazine. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPQ-HQ-OPP-2013-0266-1159. DP No. D418316. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-295

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desisopropylatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Des iso p ropy latra z i ne

CASRN:

1007-28-9

DTXSID:

DTXSID0037495

Use:

Degradation product of atrazine

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

400

attenuation of LH surge in females ages 13-
49 (estrous cycle disruption)

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.2311

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-296

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desisopropylatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.076

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Cooperet
al. 2010

attenuation of LH surge in females ages 13-49 (estrous cycle disruption)

women of childbearingage

35.4

429

[395]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[395]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element	I Value | Units |	Source	|	Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results					

Maximum Allowable Daily Level	| 100 | ug/day |CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database |

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blan k fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0071121

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.08

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.372

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in

2.65

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

18

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

3.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



A-297

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desisopropylatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,489

802

Sites

18

0.001

0.0474

0.231

4.44





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

9

Sites

53

0.0027

0.0163

0.063

0.469

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,038

374

Sites

18

0

0.0441

0.17

2.66

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

68

Sites

30

0.0027

0.017

0.19

1.03

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

61

Sites

28

0.005162

0.083

0.105

1.03

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

7

Sites

58

0.0027

0.0163

0.199

0.776

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

61

Sites

8.84

0.0032

0.0224

0.212

0.489

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



6.57E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

< LOD

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34468

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

328.615

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

291.377

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

5.11E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000149

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00268187

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0161065

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

10.1928

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

2.23357

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.02E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.26299

no units



A-298

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desisopropylatrazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

395

USEPA. 2018. Atrazine. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPQ-HQ-OPP-2013-0266-1159. DP No. D418316. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-299

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desvenlafaxine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Desvenlafaxine

CASRN:

93413-62-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID40869118

Use:

Medication used to treat depression

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

1

lowest therapeutic dose: inhibition of
reuptake/treatment of depressive disorder

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.361

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-300

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desvenlafaxine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0071

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Wyeth
Pharmaceut
icals Inc.
2014b

lowest theraputic dose -- Developmental (persistent pulmonary
hypertensionand nervoussystemeffects), gastrointestinal system
(nausea, constipation, decreased appetite, weight loss); male
reproductive effects (erectile dysfunction, Desvenlafaxine ejaculation
failure/disorder, decreased libido), nervous system (effects on serotonin
hormone receptor interaction, abnormal dreams, sweating, dizziness,
insomnia, mydriasis, blurred/abnormal vision, and neuroendocrine-

bottle-fed infants

151

9.40

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000208333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Alembic
Pharmaceut
icals Limited

lowest therapeutic dose: inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine
re uptake/treatment of depressive disorder

bottle-fed infants

151

1.40

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000208333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Alembic
Pharmaceut
icals Limited

lowest therapeutic dose: inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine
re uptake/treatment of depressive disorder

general population

33.8

4.90

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.004901961

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.001388889

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0027542

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.31

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.652

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-301

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desvenlafaxine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

22

Sites

3.95

0.00072

0.0307

0.361

1.02





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

18

Sites

24

0.00072

0.035

0.378

1.02





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

4

Sites

0.83

0.00135

0.00633

0.0224

0.0307

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

205

87

Sites

42

0.00068

0.0141

0.228

2.09

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

6

Sites

1.5

0.00071

0.00918

0.78

0.91

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

606

93

Sites

15

0.00068

0.0138

0.332

2.09

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

16



0.0283



0.06043

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

22

Sites

58

0.0017892

0.0865

0.822

1.953482

ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

19

Sites

90

0.0930062

0.693

1.14

4.4928736

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.65547

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

313.112

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

327.611

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

5.09E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000177

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0207862

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000695024

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

16.0501

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

73.6207

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000483

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.58575

no units



A-302

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Desvenlafaxine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-303

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diazepam

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Diazepam

CASRN:

439-14-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID4020406

Use:

anxiolytic; skeletal muscle relaxant

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

8

non-cancer effects

4

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.1

lowest therapeutic dose: anxiolytic, sedative,
muscle-relaxant, anticonvulsant and

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.001014

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-304

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diazepam

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

1.66667 E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Mayne
Pharma

lowest therapeutic dose: anxiolytic, sedative, muscle-relaxant,
anticonvulsant and amnestic effects

bottle-fed infants

151

0.110

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

1.66667 E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Mayne
Pharma

lowest therapeutic dose: anxiolytic, sedative, muscle-relaxant,
anticonvulsant and amnestic effects

general population

33.8

0.390

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

0.667

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.000392157

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.000111111

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

48

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

710

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

12.77

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0059979

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.064

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.731

no units

TEST QSAR



A-305

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diazepam

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

556

2

Sites

0.36

0.00047

0.00081

0.00101

0.00115





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

1

Sites

1.33

0.00047

0.00047

0.00047

0.00047





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

481

1

Sites

0.21

0.00115

0.00115

0.00115

0.00115

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.00085



0.00085

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

210

2

Sites

0.95

0.00035

0.0902

0.144

0.18

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

2

Sites

0.5

0.00463

0.00577

0.00645

0.00691

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

611

4

Sites

0.65

0.00035

0.00577

0.111

0.18

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.001681

0.00219

0.004

0.0047434

ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

0

Sites

0













Benotti et al. (2009) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.00047

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0013

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0026

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

17

Sites

81

0.0005702

0.0032

0.124

4.77

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



3.22E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35313

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

357.022

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

349.282

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.09E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.42E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000162557

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000107152

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

68.2943

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

60.1174

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.19E-08

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.87833

no units



A-306

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diazepam

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-307

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diazinon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Diazinon

CASRN:

333-41-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID9020407

Use:

Pesticide; veterinary medication

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.5

inhibition of red blood cell
acetylcholinesterase in female pups

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.091

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

018

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-308

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diazinon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00035

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Parker
2003

inhibition of red blood cell acetylcholinesterase in female pups

bottle-fed infants

151

0.464

[363]

NOTE: this compound is a
organophosphate pesticide.
EPA has created a
cumulative risk assessment
regarding the common
mechanisms of
oraanoDhosDhate

Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2016











[363]

NOTE: this compound is a
organophosphate pesticide.
EPA has created a
cumulative risk assessment
regarding the common
mechanisms of

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.02

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.006

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Inhalation Minimal Risk Level
(MRL)

0.01

mg/mA3

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.002

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.001

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.02

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Cancer Classification (CC)

2A

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element | Value | Units | Source | Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1340

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

2.8

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.0037

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

6.9

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

0.04

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



TD50

20.4

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

TD50

6230

mg/kg/dav

NIH CPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0005861

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.26

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.609

no units

TEST QSAR



A-309

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diazinon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

295

0

Sites

0









ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,244

995

Sites

8.85

7.00E - 05

0.0117

0.091

19

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,229

885

Sites

40

1.00E - 04

0.0118

0.0914

3.8

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,016

110

Sites

1.22

7.00E - 05

0.0082

0.0518

19

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

12

73,164

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

173

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

3

Sites

18

0.00999

0.0345

0.111

0.133

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,871

1

Sites

0.05

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.007

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,553

74

Sites

4.76

0.00014

0.008

0.218

1.97

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,630

4

Sites

0.11

0.007

0.094

0.177

0.189

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

5,182

78

Sites

1.51

0.00014

0.00886

0.214

1.97

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

3

Sites

1.31

0.0164

0.0655

0.0943

0.1

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

2

Sites

0.91

0.05

0.0655

0.0779

0.081

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.0164

0.0582

0.0916

0.1

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

19,790

5,003

Sites

25

le-05

0.042

0.43

331

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0212

0.0342

0.228

0.276

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

1

Sites

0.14

le-04

le-04

le-04

le-04

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

133

18

Samples

14







0.115

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

1

Sites

4.76







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000102



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

4.76627

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

340.43

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000812

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000769

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00011245

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000074

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

69.9796

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

94.189

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000144

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.71388

no units



A-310

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diazinon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

363

USEPA. 2016. Diazinon Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ.-OPP-2008-0351-0093. DP No. D419216. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-311

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dicamba

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID4024018

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

4

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

50

decreased pup weight

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.576

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM2

1993-1997

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-312

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dicamba

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Masters
1993

decreased pup weight

bottle-fed infants

151

53.0

[364]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2016











[3641



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Lifetime Health Advisory

4

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.12

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

757

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

122

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

419

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

160

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

1.02

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0046452

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.143

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.447

no units

TEST QSAR



A-313

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dicamba

CCL5ContaminantlnformationSheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring Data

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

14,034

48

Sites

0.34

0.02

0.2

1.58

4.06

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

7,759

133

Sites

1.71

0.01

0.15

0.998

9.97

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

1,208

116

Sites

9.6

0.01

0.15

0.979

9.97

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

6,551

17

Sites

0.26

0.01

0.14

1.15

4.03















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

9,773,162

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

12

103,082

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Re suits (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevs

ence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

185

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

819

3

Sites

0.37

0.1

0.7

0.7

0.7

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA(Finished)

2006 - 2011

782

0

Sites

0













Disinfection Byproducts ICR 1997-1998. (Finished)

1997 -1998

291

273

Sites

94

1

11

26

114.4

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

12

2

Sites

17

0.025

0.068

0.0888

0.094

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

3

NA

Sites





50

50



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,936

5

Sites

0.26

0.21

2.7

2.92

3

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

77

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

2

1

Sites

50

0.44

0.44

0.44

0.44

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

968

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

117

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

480

26

Sites

5.42

0.01

0.165

1.24

16.6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

1,059

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,539

26

Sites

1.69

0.01

0.165

1.24

16.6

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

6

Sites

2.62

0.0165

0.0705

0.112

0.112

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

218

3

Sites

1.38

0.0165

0.0165

0.0925

0.111555

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

3

Sites

25

0.025

0.091

0.111

0.112

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

1,058

286

Sites

27

0.05

0.117

0.517

14

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.1453

0.145

0.145

0.1453

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

1

Sites

0.14

0.474

0.474

0.474

0.474

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

126

1

Samples

0.8







0.58

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude

































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.26E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompT ox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.51412

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

301.323

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

314.148

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000115

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000306

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0145152

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00726106

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.37811

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

4.12098

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

9.42E-10

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.25754

no units



A-314

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dicamba

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

364

USEPA. 2016. Dicamba and Dicamba BAPMASalt: Human-Health Risk Assessment for Proposed Section 3 New Uses on Dicamba-tolerant Cotton and Soybean. E PA-HQ-OPP-2012-0841-0052. DP Nos.
D378366 D404917 D402514 D421306. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-315

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dichlorvos (DDVP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Dichlorvos (DDVP)

CASRN:

62-73-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID5020449

Use:

Insecticide; veterinary medicine

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

7

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

3

red blood cell and plasma cholinesterase
inhibition

general population

OPP

2006



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.09118

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-316

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dichlorvos(DDVP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0005

mg/kg/day

OPP 2006

Markiewicz,
1990

plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase inhibition

general population

33.8

2.96

[265]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2006











[2651



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.05

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.002

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.004

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Acute PAD

0.008

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.29

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.003

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.00006

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Health-Based Screening Level

0.003

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.000083

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Intermediate Inhalation Minimal Risk Level
(MRL)

0.0003

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.003

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0005

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.0005

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats EE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice SE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats SE

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0000565

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.617

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.71

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Inhalation LOAEL

0.05532

mg/L

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Inhalation NOAEL

0.00553

mg/L

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



LD50

140

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

6.51

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



NOAEL

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

7.13

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

0.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



TD50

3.21

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

TD50

7850

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-317

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dichlorvos (DDVP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,978

60

Sites

1.21

0.0012

0.01

0.0912

0.402





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

615

58

Sites

9.43

0.0012

0.01

0.0896

0.402





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

4.363

2

Sites

0.05

0.0103

0.111

0.172

0.212

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

3

19



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

1

Sites

6.67

0.027

0.027

0.027

0.027

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

30

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

1,094

52

Sites

4.75

0.0062

0.0559

0.258

2.24

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,766

1

Sites

0.04

0.0778

0.0778

0.0778

0.0778

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,859

53

Sites

1.37

0.0062

0.058

0.257

2.24

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

120

1

Sites

0.83

0.027

0.0432

0.0562

0.0595

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

113

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

1

Sites

12

0.027

0.0432

0.0562

0.0595

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

9,029

20

Sites

0.22

0.007

0.109

0.531

0.634

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.37E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.13846

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

226.392

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

215.618

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0189601

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.047863

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0349528

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.159221

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

0.579336

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

3.75837

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.85E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.38464

no units



A-318

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dichlorvos (DDVP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

265

USEPA. 2006. Dichlorvos (DDVP) HED Chapter of the Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document (RED). EPA-HQ-OPP-2002-0302-0016. DP No. D330262. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-319

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dicrotophos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Dicrotophos

CASRN:

141-66-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID9023914

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

8

reproductive and developmental effects

6

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.04

inhibition of brain cholinesterase

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.158

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

40

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-320

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dicrotophos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00003

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Allen 1998;
Horner
1995

inhibition of brain cholinesterase in adult rat

bottle-fed infants

151

0.0397

[341]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2015











[3411



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.0005

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.00007

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.0002

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.0002

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.00003

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

21

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

9

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

1.58

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.025

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

1.14

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.00003

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.421

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.694

no units

TEST QSAR



A-321

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dicrotophos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,916

33

Sites

0.67

5.00E - 04

0.0102

0.158

6.83





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

581

29

Sites

4.99

5.00E - 04

0.01

0.152

6.83





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

4.335

4

Sites

0.09

0.00289

0.03

0.156

0.233

	u	



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

15

1,067,130

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

2

Sites

12

0.0015

0.0015

0.00283

0.0034

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

145

2

Sites

1.38

0.0015

0.0015

0.0015

0.0015

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

135

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

2

Sites

17

0.0015

0.0015

0.0015

0.0015

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

3

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000999



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.1385

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

309.886

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

299.282

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000160652

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000208449

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

3.40278

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0542001

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

0.922274

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.64437

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.11E-11

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

-0.0116744

no units



A-322

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dicrotophos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

341

USEPA. 2015. Dicrotophos: Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review of Dicrotophos. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-323

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dieldrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Dieldrin

CASRN:

60-57-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID9020453

Use:

Restricted insecticide

Chemical Notes:

Canceled pesticide. Last end of use date: 5/15/1987.

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neu rotoxica nts

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.002



general population

OW

2003



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.764

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM2

1993 -1997

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

380

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

RD1

RD 2

RD 3

X

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Basis

Dieldrin may cause adve

rse health effects in hurr

ans, specifically

neurotoxicity to the cen

ral nervous system [a,b,c]. However, its

occurrence in drinking w

ater at frequencies or concentrations

significant for public hej

Ith concern is low; occu

re nee estimates from

a cross-section of States with UCM data are very

low with only 0.06%

of all samples and 0.1% of PWSs showing detect

~ns where the HRL is

0.002 ug/L [d,e]. Furthe

more, occurrence of die

drin in drinking water

supplies in the is likely t

decrease in the coming years, since the

chemical is no longer produced or used com me r

ially [f|.

[a] Jager, 1970 [113]; [b] ACGIH, 1984 [6]; [c] ATSDR, 2000 [16]; [d]

USE PA, 2001 [239]; [e] US EPA, 2001 [247]; [f] ATSDR, 1993 [2]; as cited

in USEPA, 2001 [179]





Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-324

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

Critical Effect

Target Population

Reference Dose(RfD)orEquivalent

general population

Reference Dose(RfD)orEquivalent

increased liver weight, liver parenchymal cell changes, focal hyperplasia

general population

Reference Dose (Rf D) or Equivalent

increased liver weight, liver parenchymal cell changes, focal hyperplasia

general population

: canceled registration, OPF
does not provide a publicly-
available health assessment for

been published by EPA regarding
health effects of dieldrin - refer
to the 2003 RegDet supporting

CancerSlopeFactor (CSF)

(Davis and Fitzhugh, 1
Thorpe and Walker, 197
Meierhenry et al., IS

general population

CancerSlopeFactor (CSF)

Davis and Fitzhugh, IE
Thorpe and Walker, 197:
Meierhenry et al., 19

general population

: canceled registration, OPF
does not provide a publicly-
available health assessment for

been published by EPA regarding
health effects of dieldrin - refer
to the 2003 RegDet supporting

Cancer Classification (CC)

Cancer Classification (CC)

: canceled registration, OPF
does not provide a publicly-
available health assessment for

been published by EPA regarding
health effects of dieldrin - refer
to the 2003 RegDet supporting

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposi

m£ra_^creenmgj_eueJJ3etermmatrans_

Critical Effect

Target Population

literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL Study

Other Health Data

Data Element 1 Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.0005

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MNDOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MN DOH



CancerSlopeFactor (CSF)

16

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0000006

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0000006

mg/L

MN DOH



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.00003

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

1.2E-09

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.0046

(Lg/m3)"-l

EPA IRIS



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.0046

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.0001

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.000002

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MNDOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0002

mg/L

MNDOH



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Fen^e-Mice NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.RatsN

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.RatsN

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice E

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Measured Data and Assessment Results

EPA Chemistry Dashboard

Data Element | Value | Units | Source | Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0000284

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutag enicity test

0.019

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.55

no units

TEST QSAR



i attribute sco ring.

A-325

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representa!

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

linimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

laximum Cone.
(Detects)

Finished Water

2018-2019

2013 -2015

2008-2010

2001-2003

-ing-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

-ing-State (UCM-State) Round 1

National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

Ambient Water

1991 -2017

it (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 -2017

1991 -2017

Pesticide Application Data

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide

Number of States

mount Applied
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

nount Released
(lbs/year)

Chemical Production Data

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)	

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)	

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 -2020

162

0

S

tes

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 -2020

822

2

S

tes

0.24

0.037

0.0385

0.0397

0.04

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 -2011

825

0

s

tes

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 -2013

13

0

s

tes

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 -2010

1

0

s

tes

0













Hawaii Department of Health (Finished) [172]

2014

1

NA

s

tes



0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,514

4

s

tes

0.26

0.01

0.025

31.2

52

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL(Source)

2006 -2011

1

0

s

tes

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

77

0

s

tes

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

3

1

s

tes

33

0.044

0.044

0.044

0.044

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

999

0

s

tes

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

92

0

s

tes

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

747

42

s

tes

5.62

5.00E - 04

0.003

0.0166

0.13

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,630

69

s

tes

2.62

0.001

0.0158

0.074

1.78

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,376

111

s

tes

3.29

5.00E - 04

0.008

0.0686

1.78

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

8

0

s

tes

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

2

0

s

tes

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

6

0

s

tes

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

604

45

s

tes

7.45

0.003

0.011

0.197

0.38

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

28

s

tes

74

6.78e-05

0.000774

0.00245

0.0128

ug/L



Arnold etal. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

106

2

s

tes

1.89

0.002

0.003

0.0038

0.004

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

s

tes

0













Minnesota Department of Health (Ambient) [149]

1970 - 2016

NA

32

Samples



0.01





0.9

ug/L



Village Creek, AL (Ambient) [75]

2015

4

NA

Sites



0.00096

0.0013

0.00142

0.0015

ug/L



























W/oste Water Effl uent



Prevalence

Magnitude

































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted

Exposure
[mg/kg-bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000129



Biomonitoring Data

'nitoring detectior

n blood (1999-2016)
n urine (1999-2016)

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

343.763

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

329.92

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

384.804

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000411

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000224

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000419

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000026

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

6042.55

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

918.333

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000013

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (leg Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.43154

no units



A-326

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dieldrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1993. Toxicological Profile for Aldrin/Dieldrin (update). Atlanta: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 184 pp.

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). 1984. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air. Third Edition. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH. 139 pp.

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-
Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Aldrin/Dieldrin (Update). Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 280 pp.

ATSDR. 2002. Toxicological Profile for Aldrin/Dieldrin. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant exposure in
US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

EPA Region 4. Village Creek Dieldrin Screening. June 2015. https://www.birminghamal.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/15-0308-Village-Creek-Dieldrin-Screening-Final-Report-v081015.pdf

Jager, K.W. 1970. Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrinand Telodrin: An Epidemiological and Toxicological Study of Long-Term Occupational Exposure. New York: Elsevier Publishing Company. 234 pp.

149

Minnesota Department of Health. Dieldrin and Drinking Water. October 2016. https://www.health.state.mn.us/communities/environment/risk/docs/guidance/gw/dieldrininfo.pdf

172

State of Hawaii Department of Health. Trace levels of dieldrin and bromacil in two Oahu Water Systems. January 2015. https://health.hawaii.gov/news/files/2013/05/TRACE-LEVELS-OF-DIELDRIN-AND-
BROMACIL-DETECTED-IN-TWO-OAHU-WATER-SYSTEMS.pdf

USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Aldrin and Dieldrin. EPA 815 R-01-011.

198

USEPA. 1988. Chemical Assessment Summary, Dieldrin. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington, DC.

pp.

247

USEPA. 2001. Occurrence of Unregulated Contaminants in Public Water Systems: An Initial Assessment. Office of Water. EPA report 815-P-00-001. Office of Water. 50 pp.

USEPA. 2003. Cuntarninant Candidate LitL Regulatury BetennfnatfunSuppur I Ducument fur Aldrin and Dieldrin. U.S Envirunmental Prutectiun Agency, Office uf Water, SLynddrdbdnd RibkManagement Divibun,

W^t^t^i^fiiger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, T- Wang, D.,... & Guh, K. 5. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF). ACalifurnia Database fur Surface Water Pesticide Muni Luring Bala. In Pebticideb in

Surface Water: Monitoring Modeling Risk Assessment and Management (pp 215 232) American Chemical Society

255

451

A-327

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diethyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Diethyl phthalate

CASRN:

84-66-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID7021780

Use:

Solvent for nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate,
plasticizer, wetting agent; in plastics, perfumery as
fixative and solvent, alcohol denaturant, plasticizer in
solid rocket propellants.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

non-cancer effects

9

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

4000

decreased weight gain and kidney weight

general population

OW

1992



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.62

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-328

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diethyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.8

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1987

Brown et al.
1978

decreased growth rate and food consumption and altered organ weights

general population

33.8

4730

[192]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.75

mg/kg/day

OW1992

Brown et al.
1978

decreased weight gain and kidney weight

general population

33.8

4440

[218]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1987











[192]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OW 1992











[218]









ATSDR1995











[9]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Systemic, Reproductive, Hepatic

0.57

Pereira, 2008, Pereira, 2006

Reproductive

1470

Yamasaki, 2005

1994-06-01

2020-04-14

728

10

39

7

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

6

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.6

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria forCWA



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

6

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice EE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats NE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice EE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats NE

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

9200

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1150

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

197

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

267

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

56

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

1.44

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0157036

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.16

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.748

no units

TEST QSAR



A-329

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diethyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

46

3

Sites

6.52

0.1

0.2

0.62

0.8





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

37

3

Sites

8.11

0.1

0.2

0.62

0.8





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

17

1

Sites

5.88

0.007

0.0435

5.5

6.2

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

483

1

Sites

0.21

4.9

4.9

4.9

4.9

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

1

Sites

100

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

113

2

Sites

1.77

0.005

0.046

6.34

13.6

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

638

2

Sites

0.31

0.421

0.76

1.03

1.1

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

631

137

Sites

22

0.09

0.2

0.588

5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

605

52

Sites

8.6

0.06

0.2

1.3

60.4

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,236

189

Sites

15

0.06

0.2

0.6

60.4

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.128

0.135

0.141

0.142

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

1

Sites

50

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000694



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.31107

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

297.011

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

312.231

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00203233

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00091622

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00366221

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00165196

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

7.15782

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

6.45654

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.38E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.36526

no units



A-330

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diethyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

9

ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Diethyl Phthalate. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

192

USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, Diethyl Phthalate. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

218

USEPA. 1992. Drinking Water Criteria Document for Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and
Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH.

A-331

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Difenoconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Difenoconazole

CASRN:

119446-68-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID4032372

Use:

Fungicide, insecticide, seed treatment/protectant.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

60

cumulative decreases in body weight gains

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0182

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.00030

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-332

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Difenoconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.01

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Cox 1989

cumulative decreases in body weight gains

general population

33.8

59.2

[381]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2017











[3811



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

1.7

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.06

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blan k fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1453

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

2150

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

12.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

171.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

84.525

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

32.36

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Sub chronic LOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Sub chronic LOAEL

75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0025468

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.467

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.413

no units

TEST QSAR



A-333

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Difenoconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

14

1

Sites

7.14

0.0182

0.0182

0.0182

0.0182





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

14

1

Sites

7.14

0.0182

0.0182

0.0182

0.0182





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

47

400,757

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

1

Sites

6.67

0.0053

0.0053

0.0053

0.0053

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

132

4

Sites

3.03

0.0084

0.0296

0.168

0.249

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

135

4

Sites

2.96

0.0084

0.0296

0.168

0.249

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

1

Sites

0.44

0.0053

0.0053

0.0053

0.0053

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

1

Sites

10

0.0053

0.0053

0.0053

0.0053

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

123

1

Sites

0.81

0.0182

0.0182

0.0182

0.0182

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000137



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.36121

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

335.605

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

413.931

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.17E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.75E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000202

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000014

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

230.63

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

148.936

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000505

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.07726

no units



A-334

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Difenoconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

381

USEPA. 2017. Difenoconazole: human health risk assessment for proposed new foliar uses on cotton, rice and wild rice. EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0254-0010. DP No. D432211. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-335

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethenamid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

Dimethenamid

DTXSID4032376

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

300

decreased body weight gain and decreased
body weight, increased microscopic hepatic

general population

OPP

2014



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.103

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-336

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethenamid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.05

mg/kg/day

OPP 2014

Ruckman et al.
1990; Sandoz
Crop Protection
Corp. 1990

decreased body weight gain and decreased body weight, increased
microscopic hepatic lesions, increased food conversion ratios in
females

general population

33.8

296

[332]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2014











[332]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data





Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.6

mg/L

MN DOH



LD50

371

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Acute Human Health Benchmark

10

mg/L

EPA HHBP



LD50

427

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Acute PAD

2

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



LOAEL

200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



LOAEL

36

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



NOAEL

6.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Health-Based Screening Level

0.3

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



NOAEL

75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA H HBP



Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

12.84

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.6

mg/L

MN DOH



Subchronic LOAEL

33.599998

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min





Subchronic LOAEL

98

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

Subchronic NOAEL

4.98

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

40.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.443

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.711

no units

TEST QSAR



A-337

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dim eth en am id

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

2.362

205

Sites

8.68

0.00012

0.00812

0.103

7





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

347

194

Sites

56

0.00012

0.00814

0.103

7





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.015

11

Sites

0.55

0.00031

0.00161

0.021

0.25

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

16

1,115,877

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.000999

0.0024

0.011

0.075

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

358

97

Sites

27

0.00018

0.0175

0.214

3.19

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

848

10

Sites

1.18

0.0017

0.07

0.754

0.842

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,206

107

Sites

8.87

0.00018

0.0187

0.237

3.19

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

6

Sites

2.62

0.000999

0.0042

0.0299

0.51

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

1

Sites

0.46

0.004162

0.00416

0.00416

0.004162

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.000999

0.0042

0.03

0.51

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

4

Sites

11

0.03

0.03

0.079

0.1

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

6

Sites

1.03

3e-04

0.0024

0.0152

0.0224

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



9.96E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34757

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

294.303

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

337.241

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000122276

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000108

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00253016

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000765597

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

45.9219

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

17.8238

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.83E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.13166

no units



A-338

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethenamid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

332

USEPA. 2014. Dimethenamid/Dimethenamid-P. Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed New Use on Cotton Subgroup 20C. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0670-0005. DP No. D418118. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-339

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethenamid OA

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

Dimethenamid OA

DTXSID4037530

Pesticide metabolite

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

400

Decrease in body weight gain; liver effects
(increased relative liver weight, bile duct
hyperplasia)

general population

MDH

2013



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.209

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-340

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethenamid OA

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.06

mg/kg/day

MDH 2013

Ruckman
1990

Decrease in body weight gain; liver effects (increased relative liver weight
bile duct hyperplasia)

general population

33.8

355

[135]

NOTE: MN DOH determined
that the RfD determined for
dimethenamid would be
protective for Dimethenamid
OXA. MN DOH states that
there are insuficient data to
calculate a unique RfD for
this compound.

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.6

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.6

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0005164

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.084

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.898

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

A-341

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dim eth en am id OA

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

2.539

73

Sites

2.88

0.0126

0.0748

0.209

0.596





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

363

68

Sites

19

0.0126

0.0747

0.209

0.596





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.176

5

Sites

0.23

0.03

0.0843

0.183

0.216

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.00105

0.0022

0.0144

0.03

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

25

Sites

11

0.001049

0.0045

0.039

0.061

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

20

Sites

9.17

0.001049

0.0078

0.0311

0.0441

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.00105

0.00425

0.039

0.061

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34519

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

306.88

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

366.15

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000997

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000151

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0182443

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0122462

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.10149

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

0.92045

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.22E-10

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.82828

no units



A-342

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethenamid OA

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

135

MDH. 2013. Dimethenamid Degradates: ESAand OXA. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St Paul,
MN.

A-343

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethoate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

DTXSID7020479

Chemical Notes:

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.3

inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.04707

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

016

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Dimethoate has the potential to cause adverse health effects,
lieluding cholinesterase inhibition. However, dimethoate does not
ppear to occur in PWSs with a frequency and at levels of public
lealth concern [a,b]. Dimethoate was not detected inaa number
UCMR2 samples collected by PWSs at levels greater than the VS HRL
(7.7 |ig/L), the HRL (15.4 ng/L),orthe MRL(0.7 pg/L)[c,d], EPA
eludes that regulation of dimethoate does not represent a
aningful opportunity for health risk reduction for persons served by
PWSs due to the relatively small number of people likely exposed to
dimethoate through drinking water [c,d].

USE PA, 2007 [284]; [b] USEPA, 2007 [283]; [c] USEPA, 2010 [310]; [d]
USE PA, 2015 [350]; as cited in USEPA, 2014 [334]

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-344

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethoate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00022

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

US EPA OP
CRA 2002 &

2006;
American
Cyanamid
Company
1986

inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase

bottle-fed infants

151

0.291

[360]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2015











[3601



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.087

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.013

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.014

mg/L

EPAHHBP



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.006

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Health-Based Screening Level

0.014

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.02

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0022

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0004656

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.366

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.724

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

50

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

600

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

18

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

3.15

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

222

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

max

TD50

92.4

mg/kg/day

NiHCPDB

min

A-345

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethoate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010

4,140

0

Sites

0









ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monito ring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

4,941

64

Sites

1.3

0.00034

0.009

0.0471

1.95

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

581

62

Sites

11

0.00034

0.009

0.0448

1.95

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

4,360

2

Sites

0.05

0.061

0.152

0.207

0.243

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

41

1,419,642

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

42



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



N on-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

184

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

2

Sites

12

0.0075

0.0378

0.062

0.068

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2,100

2

Sites

0.1

0.082

0.541

0.908

1

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

724

24

Sites

3.31

0.00045

0.0227

0.126

0.271

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

2,523

3

Sites

0.12

0.0036

0.133

0.824

1.12

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

3,246

27

Sites

0.83

0.00045

0.0228

0.133

1.12

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

1

Sites

0.44

0.0088

0.0088

0.0088

0.0088

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.0088

0.0088

0.0088

0.0088

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

12,194

762

Sites

6.25

0.007

0.219

1.34

16.4

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.133

0.184

0.226

0.236

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

1

Sites

0.14

0.061

0.061

0.061

0.061

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































lA/osfe Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000994





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection

n serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n urine (1999-2016)

< LOD

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Bio degradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

73.9608

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

308.683

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000177

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000248

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.104479

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0171002

mol/L



Bio concent rat ion factor

OPERA QSAR

1.77267

no units



Bio concent rat ion factor

TEST QSAR

3.70681

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.06E-08

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.833231

no units



A-346

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Dimethoate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

283

USEPA. 2007. Revised Interim Reregistration Decision for Dimethoate. Available on the Internet at: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/REDs/dimethoate_ired_revised.pdf.

284

USEPA. 2007. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR)for Public Water Systems Revisions. Federal Register. Vol. 72, No. 2, p. 367, January 4, 2007.

310

USEPA. 2010. Data Management and Analytical Plan for the Second Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 2) Data. June 2010 Draft Report Submitted to EPA.

334

USEPA. 2014. Regulatory Determinations 3 Support Document. April 2014. EPA Publication # 815-R14-003.

350

USEPA. 2015. Occurrence Data from the Second Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 2). Including Appendices A-C. EPA 815-R-15-013. December 2015.

360

USEPA. 2015. Dimethoate: Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0059-0027. DP No. D416010. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-347

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Di-n-butyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Di-n-butyl phthalate

CASRN:

84-74-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID2021781

Use:

Plasticizer in nitrocellulose lacquers, elastomers,
explosives, nail polish and solid rocket propellants; in
perfumes; in textiles; in safety glass; insecticides; in
printing inks; resin solvent; paper coatings; and
adhesives.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neu rotoxica nts

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

3000

"Increased incidence of retained areolas and
nipple in the male offspring of rats"

women of
child bearing age

ATSDR

2001



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.9

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-348

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Di-n-butyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1987

Smith 1953

increased mortality

general population

33.8

592

[188]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

OW1991

Smith 1953

"absense of increased mortality and hemotalogical effects"

general population

33.8

592

[211]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.5

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2001

Mylchreest
eta 1.2000

"Increased incidence of retained areolas and nipple in the male offspring
of rats"

women of child bearing age

35.4

2820

[17]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1987











[188]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OW 1991











[2111



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Neurological

0.01

Hoshi, 2009

Developmental;

2000

Dobrzynska, 2011;

2000-09-01

2019-12-17

1867

80

64

50

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.02

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

10000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

4840

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

9.76

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0436516

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.09

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.71

no units

TEST QSAR



A-349

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Di-n-butyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scorin£_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

22

4

Sites

18

0.3

1.5

1.9

2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

13

4

Sites

31

0.3

1.5

1.9

2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.002

0.034

0.129

0.137

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

483

2

Sites

0.41

0.637

1.3

14.2

26.4

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

247

7

Sites

2.83

0.006

0.178

6.76

8.1

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006-2011

1

1

Sites

100

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

638

8

Sites

1.25

0.477

1.5

3.42

6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

154

25

Sites

16

0.11

0.44

5

5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

360

46

Sites

13

0.04

0.09

0.377

1.65

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

514

71

Sites

14

0.04

0.13

0.865

5

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00008





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.33363

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

332.592

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

348.35

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000243

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000263

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000362

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000407

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

134.136

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

11.17

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000012

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.5098

no units



A-350

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Di-n-butyl phthalate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

17

ATSDR. 2001. Toxicological Profile for Di-n-Butyl Phthalate. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA

188

USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary di-n-butyl phthalate. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

211

USEPA. 1991. Drinking Water Criteria Document for Phthalic Acid Esthers (PAES). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, DC.

A-351

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Diuron

CASRN:

330-54-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID0020446

Use:

Herbicide (HSDB

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

4

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2

urinary bladder carcinomas

general population

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

2.1

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR1

2001-2003

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-352

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.001

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Schmidt, 1985;

Ross berg &
Wirnitzer, 1985;
Ross berg, 1995;
Malek, 1997

hemolytic anemia and compensatory hematopoeisis

general population

33.8

5.92

[342]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0191

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2015

Schmidt 1985;
Ross berg and
Wirnitzer, 1985;
Ross berg, 1995;
Malek 1997;
Eiben. 1983

urinary bladder carcinomas

general population

33.8

1.55

[342]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2015











[342]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

1

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.002

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.15

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

1017

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

3400

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

640.13

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

77.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

7.46

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0047098

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.027

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.759

no units

TEST QSAR



A-353

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

293

1

Sites

0.34

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.756

698

Sites

9

0.00021

0.0256

0.24

27.7





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.199

452

Sites

38

0.00021

0.0253

0.24

27.7





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.557

246

Sites

3.75

0.00054

0.03

0.25

5.53















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

47

3,410,787

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

9

37,175

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

100K-500K

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

26

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

10

Sites

67

0.0027

0.0072

0.057

1.3

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.0041

0.0041

0.0041

0.0041

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

213

9

Sites

4.23

1.2

3.5

3.5

3.5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

560

255

Sites

46

0.00102

0.0208

0.138

25

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,240

47

Sites

3.79

0.00266

0.02

0.105

0.487

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,800

302

Sites

17

0.00102

0.0206

0.135

25

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

37

Sites

16

0.0027

0.013

0.06

1.2

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

29

Sites

13

0.0027

0.0141

0.0589

0.134

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

8

Sites

80

0.0027

0.012

0.06

1.2

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

8,018

1,811

Sites

23

0.0032

0.41

4.2

860

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

20

Sites

53

0.0024

0.0256

0.193

1.362

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

19

Sites

2.75

5e-04

0.0225

0.0758

0.121

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

126

21

Samples

17







6.07

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.31E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.55395

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

323.013

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

298.055

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

8.24E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000828

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000238919

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00027227

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

15.9255

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

22.9087

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.06E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.55186

no units



A-354

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Diuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

342

USEPA. 2015. Diuron. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0077-0004. DP No. D423231. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-355

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

EPTC

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID1024091

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

300

decreased body weight and increased
incidences of myocardial and neuromuscular

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0724

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



EPTC does not appear to occur at health levels of concern in PWSs and
EPA has made a determiniation thatterbacil does not present a

ningfuI opportunity for health risk reduction. While EPTC has
been found in ambient waters at levels less than the HRLof 175 pg (as

as the HRL) [a,b], it was not found in the UCM R1 su rvey of
public water supplies [c].

Kolpin & Martin, 2003 [123]; [b] Martin, Crawford, & Lars
[134]; [c] USE PA, 2008 [297]; as cited in USE PA, 2008 [296]

i, 2003

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-356

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

EPTC

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.05

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Warner
1983

decreased body weight and increased incidences of myocardial and
neuromuscular lesions

general population

33.8

296

[382]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2017











[3821



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Human Health Benchmark

1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.2

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.04

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.3

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Maximum Allowable Daily Level

700

ug/day

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.09

mg/L

MN DOH



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

112

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

2550

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

3.64

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

45

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0048753

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.356

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.59

no units

TEST QSAR



A-357

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

EPTC

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

3.873

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

10.705

423

Sites

3.95

4.00E - 04

0.008

0.0724

40





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.055

369

Sites

18

4.00E - 04

0.008

0.0722

40





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

8.650

54

Sites

0.62

0.001

0.0047

0.0607

0.952

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

29

3,047,799

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

1

170



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

58

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

482

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

1

Sites

5.88

0.017

0.028

0.06

0.068

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

315

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

634

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

936

32

Sites

3.42

4.00E - 04

0.0061

0.0474

0.838

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,019

16

Sites

0.79

0.0017

0.0115

0.103

0.168

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,954

48

Sites

1.62

4.00E - 04

0.00705

0.0637

0.838

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

2

Sites

0.87

0.008

0.028

0.137

0.2

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

2

Sites

17

0.008

0.028

0.137

0.2

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

3,722

391

Sites

11

0.002

0.0228

0.5

23

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

4

Sites

11

0.0116

0.0708

0.196

0.224

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

1

Sites

0.14

0.016

0.016

0.016

0.016

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



5.95E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.73295

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

215.91

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0226925

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.011508

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00143197

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00174582

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

23.7326

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

14.6893

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000125

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.21713

no units



A-358

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

EPTC

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

123

Kolpin, D.W. and J.D. Martin. 2003. Pesticides in Ground Water: Summary Statistics; Preliminary Results from Cycle 1 of the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), 1992-2001. Available
on the Internet at: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/pnsp/pestgw/Pest-GW_2001_Text.html.

134

Martin, J.D., C.G. Crawford, and S.J. Larson. 2003. Pesticides in Streams: Summary Statistics; Preliminary Results from Cycle 1 of the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), 1992-2001.
Available on the Internet at: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/pnsp/pestsw/Pest-SW_2001_Text.html.

296

USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

297

USEPA. 2008. The Analysis of Occurrence Data from the First Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 1) in Support of Regulatory Determinations for the Second Drinking Water
Contaminant Candidate List. EPA 815-R-08-013. June.

382

USEPA. 2017. EPTC: (S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water), Exposure and Risk Assessments for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0720-
0019. DP No. D439764. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-359

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Esfenvalerate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Esfenvalerate

CASRN:

66230-04-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID4032667

Use:

Insecticide; medication

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

reproductive and developmental effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

5

reduced locomotor activity

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

7.54



EDWC SW (acute)

OPP

2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-360

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Esf en valerate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0037

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Wolansky et
al. 2006

reduced locomotor activity

bottle-fed infants

151

4.90

[383]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2017











[3831



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.012

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.0018

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.012

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.012

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0018

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute LOAEL

7.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Acute NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



LD50

325

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

88

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

11.45

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

7.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

22.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0006934

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.3

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.75

no units

TEST QSAR



A-361

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Esfenvalerate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone. Units

Notes





PWS/ Sites/

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)





























Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

2.965

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

645

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.320

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

47

157,875

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

140

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

143

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

119

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

111

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

4,983

152

Sites

3.05

0.000335

0.015

0.134

3.48

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water (acute)

2017

OPP

7.54

ug/L

Tier 1, FQPA Index Reservoir
Screening Tool (FIRST) Model

The critical effect of reduced locomotor activity was based on an acute population adjusted dose and is considered a less-than-
chronic response. To account for this, the modeled surface water acute concentration was selected as the occurrence concentration
for esfenvalerate.

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000017



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35348

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

434.894

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

456.288

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.64E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.31E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000197

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000282

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

646.164

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

240.991

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.95E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.17889

no units



A-362

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Esfenvalerate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

383

USEPA. 2017. Esfenvalerate. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0301-0074. DP No. D414149. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-363

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Et half luralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Eth a If luralin

CASRN:

55283-68-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID8032386

Use:

Herbicide used on used on beans, watermelons,
sunflowers, cantaloupes, and cucumbers

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

6

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.3

mammary gland fibro-adenomas and
combined ad e no mas/fib ro-ade no mas

general population

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0751

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-364

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethalfluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Adams 1985

increased urinary bilirubin, variations in erythrocyte morphology,
increased thrombocyte count, increased erythroid series of the bone
marrow

general population

33.8

237

[365]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.089

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2016

Adams et al.

1981;
Adams 1981

mammary gland fibro-adenomas and combined adenomas/fibro-
adenomas

general population

33.8

0.332

[365]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2016











[365]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

21

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.75

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.089

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.00036

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.3

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.00036

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.04

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

20

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

7.89

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

125

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

27.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0147571

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.628

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.214

no units

TEST QSAR



A-365

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Etiialfluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

8.238

59

Sites

0.72

0.001

0.014

0.0751

0.768





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.828

54

Sites

2.95

0.001

0.014

0.0742

0.768





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.410

5

Sites

0.08

0.004

0.005

0.048

0.09

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

45

1,391,050

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

333

2

Sites

0.6

0.0016

0.0044

0.00762

0.009

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

615

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

948

2

Sites

0.21

0.0016

0.0044

0.00762

0.009

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

225

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,348

24

Sites

1.78

0.005

0.031

0.0751

0.13

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000105



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53726

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

350.978

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

350.199

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000691

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000379

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000666

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000234

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

199.31

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

184.502

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000345

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.13595

no units



A-366

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethalfluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

365

USEPA. 2016. Ethalfluralin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0094-0016. DP No. D429844. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-367

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Ethion

CASRN:

563-12-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID2024086

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:

Canceled pesticide. Last end of use date: 12/31/2004.

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

2

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

3

plasma, red blood cell, and brain
cholinesterase inhibition

general population

OPP

2001



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0088

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-368

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0005

mg/kg/day

OPP 2001

Bailey 1989

plasma, red blood cell, and brain cholinesterase inhibition

general population

33.8

2.96

[245]

NOTE: canceled registration

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.002

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.002

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

208

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

24.4

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

0.049

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

9.6000004

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.028

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

10.88

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0000755

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.338

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-369

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Etiiion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.699

6

Sites

0.16

0.003

0.0065

0.0088

0.01





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

402

3

Sites

0.75

0.004

0.008

0.0094

0.01





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.297

3

Sites

0.09

0.003

0.005

0.0071

0.008















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

1

0.661

2015

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

470

1

Sites

0.21

0.108

0.108

0.108

0.108

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,012

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

2,481

1

Sites

0.04

0.108

0.108

0.108

0.108

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

123

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

114

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

10

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

614

2

Sites

0.33

0.01

0.03

0.046

0.05

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

106

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000118



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

526.103

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

395.284

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000179

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000561

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000621

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000151

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

242.157

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

58.3445

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000452

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.72384

no units



A-370

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

245

USE PA. 2001. Ethion RED. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-371

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethoprop

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID4032611

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

reproductive and developmental effects

2

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.9

inhibition of red blood cell chol in esterase in
pups

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0563

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-372

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethoprop

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00065

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Chartieret
al. 2005

inhibition of red blood cell cholinesterase in pups

bottle-fed infants

151

0.861

[343]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0281

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2015

Williams
1992

malignant adrenal pheochromocytomas in males

general population

33.8

1.05

[343]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP2015











[343]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health

Highest NOAEL

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of

End Date of

No. Unique References

No. Animal Studies

No. Human

No. PECO Relevant Studies



(mg/kg





Effects

(mg/kg bw/day)



Search

Search

identified in lit search

passed Title-abstract

Studies passed

passed full-text review



bw/day)



















Screen

Title-abstract
Screen



























Other Health Data



























Data Element

Value

Units



Source

Notes





Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.051

mg/L

EPA HHBP





LD50

216

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Acute PAD

0.0076

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP





LD50

5.62

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0281

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP





LOAEL

0.254

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.00114

mg/L

EPA HHBP





LOAEL

24

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.009

mg/L

EPA HHBP





NOAEL

13

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Health-Based Screening Level

0.00114

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS





NOAEL

0.032

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Health-Based Screening Level

0.009

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS







Percent of active toxcast in

3.88

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



















vitro assays tested











Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0014

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP





Subchronic LOAEL

0.025

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

















Subchronic NOAEL

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0001291

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.038

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.477

no units

TEST QSAR



A-373

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Etiioprop

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.648

4

Sites

0.11

0.0326

0.0485

0.0563

0.059





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

10.705

104

Sites

0.97

2.00E - 04

0.011

0.0796

5.75





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.055

100

Sites

4.87

2.00E - 04

0.011

0.0795

5.75





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

8.650

4

Sites

0.05

0.006

0.009

0.149

0.243

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

14

883,037

2016

Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

1

Sites

6.67

0.027

0.027

0.027

0.027

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

11

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

841

17

Sites

2.02

0.00094

0.00334

0.148

0.268

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

2,018

1

Sites

0.05

0.00114

0.00114

0.00114

0.00114

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

2,858

18

Sites

0.63

0.00094

0.0032

0.147

0.268

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

123

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

114

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

10

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

6,608

29

Sites

0.44

0.003

0.112

0.729

5.4094

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.122

0.122

0.122

0.122

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.62E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

74.8059

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

286.424

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000409034

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000234963

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00240073

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00295121

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

20.4104

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

33.4965

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000701

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.42685

no units



A-374

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethoprop

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

343

USEPA. 2015. Ethoprop. Preliminary Occupational and Residential Exposure/Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0560-0056. DP No. D421954. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-375

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethyl citrate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Ethyl citrate

CASRN:

77-93-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID0040701

Use:

Solvent and plasticizerfor nitrocellulose and natural
resins, softener, paint removers, agglutinant, perfume
base, food additive

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

no adverse effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

20000

no adverse effect level

general population







Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.19

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-376

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethyl citrate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4

mg/kg/day



Finkelstein
and Gold,
1959

no adverse effect level

general population

33.8

23700

[78]

NOTE: No health
assessments found;
NOAEL/UF used in place
of the RfD, NOAEL
obtained from a study
identified by the rapid
systematic literature
review

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review







Endocrine, Systemic, Renal,

Immunological, Hepatic,
Gastrointestinal, Respiratory,
Cardiovascular, Hematological

4000

Finkelstein, 1959



2020-04-14

83

2

0

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3200

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

35000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.2

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested











Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0146893

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.349

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.701

no units

TEST QSAR



A-377

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethyl citrate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

567

17

Sites

3

0.01

0.04

0.19

0.48





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

16

Sites

18

0.01

0.04

0.186

0.43





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

479

1

Sites

0.21

0.48

0.48

0.48

0.48

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.013



0.013

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

715

197

Sites

28

0.01

0.06

14.2

334

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

689

10

Sites

1.45

0.01

0.02

0.04

0.09

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,404

207

Sites

15

0.01

0.06

14

334

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

15

Sites

39

0.0266

0.11

0.462

0.694

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

1

Sites

50





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

19

Sites

90

0.14

0.47

1.28

2

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000592





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.81755

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

292.74

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

316.611

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000485688

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000562

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.229189

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0166725

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.52492

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.36144

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.49E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.512786

no units



A-378

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ethyl citrate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

78

Finkelstein M. and Gold, H. 1959. Toxicology of the citric acid esters: tributyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, triethyl citrate, and acetyl triethyl citrate. Toxicology and applied pharmacology. 1(283-98).

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-379

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Famoxadone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Famoxadone

CASRN:

131807-57-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID8034588

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

1

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

8

microscopic lens lesions (cataracts)

general population

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0059

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-380

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Famoxadone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0014

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Tompkins
1995; Salik
1995

microscopic lens lesions (cataracts)

general population

33.8

8.28

[344]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3441



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.009

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.009

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0014

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

1000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

8.8000002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

350

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

26.49

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Sub chronic LOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

534

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

1.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

79.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0038548

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.201

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.803

no units

TEST QSAR



A-381

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Famoxadone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.348

1

Sites

0.07

0.0059

0.0059

0.0059

0.0059





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

290

1

Sites

0.34

0.0059

0.0059

0.0059

0.0059





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.058

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

36

56,460

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

273

1

Sites

0.37

0.0091

0.016

0.0196

0.0216

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

153

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

426

1

Sites

0.23

0.0091

0.016

0.0196

0.0216

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

134

4

Sites

2.99

0.0091

0.016

0.0201

0.0216

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000023





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54781

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

408.651

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.94E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.3E-10

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000238

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000161

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

83.2068

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

38.5478

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

5.34E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.59956

no units



A-382

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Famoxadone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

344

USEPA. 2015. Famoxadone. Fluman Flealth Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-FIQ-OPP-2015-0094-0002. DP No. D423286. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-383

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenbuconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Fenbuconazole

CASRN:

114369-43-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID8032548

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

8

hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in
mice; thyroid follicular adenomas and
combined adenomas/carcinomas in rats

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

11.7



EDWCSW (chronic,

OPP

2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-384

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenbuconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.03

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Wolfe 1990

decreased body weight gain, increased thyroid weight, histo pat ho logical
lesions in liver and thyroid gland

general population

33.8

178

[417]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.00359

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2019

Wolfe 1990
and 1991a
and b

hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in mice; thyroid follicular
adenomas and combined adenomas/carcinomas in rats

general population

33.8

8.24

[417]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2019











[417]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

8

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.00359

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.2

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.00891

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.03

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blan k fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LOAEL

3.75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

75

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.38

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

17.11

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

13.27

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

5.0999999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

5.7

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0034834

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.752

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.488

no units

TEST QSAR



A-385

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenbuconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

14

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

14

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

30

46,778

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

1

Sites

7.69

0.057

0.057

0.057

0.057

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

132

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

135

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

121

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

114

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

99

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water (chronic, cancer)

2019

OPP

11.7

ug/L

Tier II Pesticide Root Zone
Model (PRZM) - Exposure
Analysis Modeling System
(EXAMS)

The modeled surface water chronic, cancer concentration provided by the most recent available EPA OPP health assessment was
selected as the occurrence concentration for fenbuconazole. This value coincides with the critical effects of thyroid and liver
adenomas and carcinomas provided within the health effects report.

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000133



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.3514

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

335.634

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

445.687

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

4.42E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

5.66E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000013

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000166

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

281.827

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

132.739

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000424

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.14361

no units



A-386

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenbuconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

417

USEPA. 2019. Fenbuconazole: Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed Use on Imported Tea. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0300-0004. DP No. D446940. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-387

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenitrothion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID4032613

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects







Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.2

plasma chol in esterase inhibition and
histopathology of lymph nodes

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2010



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.078

90th Percentile

Ambient (SW) Water

SURF

1990-2018

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-388

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenitrothion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000125

mg/kg/day

OPP 2010

Spicerl986

plasma cholinesterase inhibition and histopathology of lymph nodes

bottle-fed infants

151

0.166

[313]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2010











[313]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element	I Value | Units |	Source	|	Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results					

Acute Human Health Benchmark	0.0017	mg/L	EPA HHBP	

Acute PAD	0.00025	mg/kg^day EPA HHBP	

Chronic Human Health Benchmark	0.0008	mg/L	EPA HHBP	

Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)	0.000125	mg/kg/day EPA HHBP	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0001122

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.548

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.713

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1720

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.125

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

15.77

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



A-389

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenitrotiiion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

201

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

191

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

2,406

1

Sites

0.04

0.078

0.078

0.078

0.078

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes



2010

OPP



ug/L



No modeled concentrations were provided by OPP because "it is highly unlikely that fenitrothion will reach drinking water
resources..." due to its selective uses in bait traps. "The only route of [oral] exposure ... is in the diet from imported wheat."

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000078



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.49784

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

353.148

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000185

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000016

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000156501

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000621

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

83.6872

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

57.1479

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000596

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.37577

no units



A-390

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenitrothion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

313

USEPA. 2010. Fenitrothion. Risk Assessment to Support Final Registration Review Decision. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0172-0016. DP No. D383647. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-391

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenpropathrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Fenpropathrin

CASRN:

39515-41-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID0024002

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

20

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0324

90th Percentile

Ambient (SW) Water

CA SURF

1990-2018

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.0016

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-392

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenpropathrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.017

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Wolansky et
al. 2006

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

151

22.5

[366]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2016











[3661



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.11

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.017

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

66.7

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

70.6

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

19.450001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

7.23

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

12.5

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Sub chronic LOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Sub chronic LOAEL

6.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0004742

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.248

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.825

no units

TEST QSAR



A-393

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenpropathrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

14

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

14

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

24

185,210

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

140

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

143

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

121

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

114

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

2,562

29

Sites

1.13

0.001092

0.005

0.0324

2.979733

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Limit of solubility surrogate for occurrence concentration,
Surface Water Peak

2016

OPP

10.3

ug/L



Fenpropathrin is very insoluble in water and residues in drinking water are expected to be very low. Therefore, no modeling of
estimated occurrence was conducted and the limit of solubility of fenpropathrin (10.3 ppb) reported in the most recent EPA OPP
health assessment was used as a surrogate for the peak expected occurrence concentration.

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000001



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53866

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

370.491

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

414.903

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000331

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000011

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000003

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000228

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

217.595

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

744.732

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

9.96E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.47445

no units



A-394

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenpropathrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

366

USEPA. 2016. Fenpropathrin. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0422-0017. DP No. D425768. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-395

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenthion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID8020620

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.4

plasma chol in esterase inhibition

general population

OPP

2001



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.19



EEC SW 56-day
average (chronic)

OPP

2001

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Not Applicable	Not Applicable

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-396

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenthion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00007

mg/kg/day

OPP 2001

Rosenblum
1980

plasma cholinesterase inhibition

general population

33.8

0.414

[246]



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.005

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.0007

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.0004

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.0004

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.00007

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice E

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

150

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

245

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

18

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

0.03

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.056

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

11.56

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



TD50

1.03

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

min

TD50

29.4

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0002965

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.214

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.588

no units

TEST QSAR



A-397

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenthion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone. Units

Notes





PWS/ Sites/

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)





























Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

336

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

36

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

300

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

59

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

60

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

123

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

114

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

4,579

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Environmental Concentration (EEC) in Surface
Water, 56-day Average (chronic)

2001

OPP

0.19

ug/L

GENeric Estimated
Environmental Concentration
	ffiFNFFD Mnripl	

The estimated environmental concentration provided by the most recent available EPA OPP health assessment was selected as the
occurrence value for fenthion. The 56-day concentration in surface water was the only value available as an estimate of chronic

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.99E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters

Source

Value

Units

Notes

(EPA CompTox Dashboard)









Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.47178

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

361.38

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000182

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000659

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000218

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000212

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

285.803

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

130.317

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000106

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.07281

no units



A-398

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fenthion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

246

USEPA. 2001. Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Fenthion. EPA 738-R-00-013. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-399

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fexofenadine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID00861411

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

3

lowest therapeutic dose: anxiolytic, sedative,
muscle-relaxant, anticonvulsant and

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.4

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-400

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fexofenadine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWandOST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0005

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Major
Pharmaceuticals

lowest therapeutic dose: anxiolytic, sedative, muscle-relaxant,
anticonvulsant and amnestic effects

bottle-fed infants

151

3.30

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0005

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Major
Pharmaceuticals

lowest therapeutic dose: anxiolytic, sedative, muscle-relaxant,
anticonvulsant and amnestic effects

general population

33.8

12.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.011764706

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.003333333

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results











Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0019634

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.02

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.836

no units

TEST QSAR



A-401

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fexofenadine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

24

Sites

4.31

0.00197

0.0348

1.4

3.89





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

24

Sites

32

0.00197

0.0348

1.4

3.89





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

8



0.112



0.16309

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

16

Sites

42

0.010424

0.576

1.74

2.047397

ug/L



Bexfieid etal. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.015476

1.13

2.79

17.37626

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

26.1502

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

422.926

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

514.695

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.56E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.45E-11

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000028

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000137

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

13.808

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

15.9956

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.51E-08

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.63629

no units



A-402

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fexofenadine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-403

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fipronil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Fipronil

CASRN:

120068-37-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID4034609

Use:

insecticide, seed treatment/protectant

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

9

reduced longevity

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

1

increased incidence of seizures and death,
changes in clinical chemistry (protein),
increased TSH, decreased T4

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2011



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.02

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-404

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fipronil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0002

mg/kg/day

OPP 2011

Aughton
1993

increased incidence of seizures and death, alterations in clinical chemistry
(protein), increased TSH, decreased T4

women of childbearingage

35.4

1.13

[319]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2011











[3191



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.17

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.025

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.001

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.001

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0002

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

103

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

91

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

26.299999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

0.059

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.025

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

26.37

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

0.32

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

3.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

0.11

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

1.72

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-405

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fipronil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

5.307

402

Sites

7.57

0.00014

0.0063

0.02

6.41





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

634

326

Sites

51

0.00014

0.00619

0.019

6.41





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

4.673

76

Sites

1.63

0.00096

0.008

0.0503

0.43

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

12

7,124

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

1,001

321

Sites

32

0.00022

0.0067

0.035

0.181

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3,062

46

Sites

1.5

0.001

0.005

0.0168

0.035

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

4,062

367

Sites

9.03

0.00022

0.0065

0.033

0.181

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

121

15

Sites

12

0.00058

0.00058

0.00226

0.013

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

114

11

Sites

9.65

0.00058

0.0014

0.00531

0.013

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

4

Sites

50

0.00058

0.00058

0.00132

0.0028

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,135

513

Sites

45

0.00031

0.051

0.203

2.11

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

17

Sites

45

0.0066

0.0238

0.0948

0.153

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

4

Sites

0.58

0.001

0.0014

0.00255

0.003

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

1

Sites

50

0.001

0.001

0.001

0.001

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

119

5

Samples

4.2







0.041

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



2.65E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54048

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

323.014

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.17E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000538

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000065

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

5.12606

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

9.05E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.93502

no units



A-406

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fipronil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

319

USEPA. 2011. Fipronil. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0448-0004. DP No. D387318. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-407

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Fluconazole

CASRN:

86386-73-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID3020627

Use:

Antifungal

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

1

lowest therapeutic dose: treatment of
va gi na 1 ca nd id ias is (va gi na 1 yeast i nfect io ns
due to Candida), oropharyngeal and
esophageal candidiasis, cryptococcal
meningitis

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.357

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-40 8

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000208333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Teva
Pharmaceuticals
USA, Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose treatment of vaginal candidiasis (vaginal
yeast infections due to Candida), oropharyngeal and esophageal
candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis

bottle-fed infants

151

1.40

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000208333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Teva
Pharmaceuticals
USA, Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose treatment of vaginal candidiasis (vaginal
yeast infections due to Candida), oropharyngeal and esophageal
candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis

general population

33.8

4.90

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review















2020-01-28

5574







Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.004901961

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.001388889

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

0.45

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0021727

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.828

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-409

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

14

Sites

2.51

0.00139

0.025

0.357

0.482





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

12

Sites

16

0.00139

0.025

0.395

0.482





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

2

Sites

0.41

0.00501

0.0895

0.14

0.174

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.0337



0.03367

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

14

Sites

37

0.0053864

0.108

0.196

0.2324315

ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

1

Sites

0.09

0.0507747

0.0508

0.0508

0.0507747

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

21

Sites

100

0.0700863

0.146

0.497

555

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000221





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.46378

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

293.089

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

408.078

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.39E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.99E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0101826

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00134586

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

6.95881

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

20.797

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.12E-09

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.62128

no units



A-410

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-411

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Flufenacet

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Flufenacet

CASRN:

142459-58-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID2032552

Use:

Preemergent herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

reproductive and developmental effects

8

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2

decreased pup body weight, delayed eye
opening, delayed preputial separation,
decreased caudate putamen size

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.228

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-412

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Flufenacet

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0017

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Hoberman
2000

decreased pup body weight, delayed eye opening, delayed preputial
separation, decreased caudate putamen size

bottle-fed infants

151

2.25

[345]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3451



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.011

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.0017

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.011

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.011

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0017

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2347

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

371

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

1.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

1000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.29

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

12.4

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

64.199997

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

1.7

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

24.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0039995

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.556

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.742

no units

TEST QSAR



A-413

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Flufenacet

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monito ring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

973

15

Sites

1.54

0.02

0.03

0.228

0.44





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

69

12

Sites

17

0.02

0.03

0.252

0.44





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

904

3

Sites

0.33

0.02

0.04

0.047

0.05

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

14

115,383

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

4

1

Sites

25

0.075

0.075

0.075

0.075

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

113

3

Sites

2.65

0.02

0.03

0.065

0.08

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

342

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

455

3

Sites

0.66

0.02

0.03

0.065

0.08

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

4

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000012





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53831

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

350.468

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

362.085

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000773

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000151

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000125919

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000364

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

10.967

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

51.9996

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.92E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.14459

no units



A-414

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Flufenacet

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

345

USEPA. 2015. Flufenacet: Fluman Flealth Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA HQ-OPP-2010-0863-0017. DP No. D416546. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-415

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluometuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID8020628

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2

combined adenomas/carcinomas in the lung
of males and malignant lymphocytic
lymphomas in females

general population

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.116

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-416

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluometuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.005

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Burdock et
al. 1982

decreased body weight gain, increased splenic hemosiderin pigment
deposition

general population

33.8

29.6

[367]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.018

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2016

Burdocket
al. 1982

combined adenomas/carcinomas in the lung of males and malignant
lymphocytic lymphomas in females

general population

33.8

1.64

[367]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2016











[367]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.09

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice E

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0031915

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.047

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.851

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

6416

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

810

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

260.20001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

83.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

3.04

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



TD50

1420

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

TD50

55.4

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

A-417

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluometuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.813

242

Sites

3.1

0.00011

0.07

1.12

31.5





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.222

136

Sites

11

0.00011

0.06

1.09

31.5





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.591

106

Sites

1.61

0.00035

0.17

1.27

2.26

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

15

1,023,468

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

6

Sites

40

0.001998

0.007

0.007

0.042

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

24

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

495

26

Sites

5.25

0.00424

0.03

0.108

0.79

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,249

14

Sites

1.12

0.00938

0.106

0.316

2.71

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,744

40

Sites

2.29

0.00424

0.04

0.27

2.71

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

14

Sites

6.17

0.001998

0.007

0.083

0.229

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

8

Sites

3.65

0.006993

0.083

0.22

0.229

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

6

Sites

60

0.001998

0.007

0.007

0.1

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

393

1

Sites

0.25

3

3

3

3

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0086

0.014

0.0168

0.0175

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

7

Sites

1.01

3e-04

0.0011

0.0315

0.0514

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

126

2

Samples

1.6







0.02

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.92E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.65653

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

302.918

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

280.864

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000113

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000807

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000355964

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000616595

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

10.1821

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

28.774

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

8.44E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.43892

no units



A-418

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluometuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

367

USEPA. 2016. Fluometuron. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0746-0009. DP No. D430248; D391415. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-419

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluoranthene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Fluoranthene

CASRN:

206-44-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID3024104

Use:

Poly eye lie aromatic hydrocarbon; occurs as a result of
incomplete burning

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

nephropathy, increased liver weights,
hematological alterations, and clinical effects

general population

IRIS

1990



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.056

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-420

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluoranthene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1990

USE PA 1988

nephropathy, increased liverweights, hematological alterations, and
clinical effects

general population

33.8

237

[207]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0125

mg/kg/day

WHO 2003

USE PA 1988

nephropathy, increased liverweights, hematological alterations, and
clinical effects

general population

33.8

74.0

[438]



Cancer Classification (CC)

1



PPRTV 2012











[327]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1990











[207]









ATSDR1995











[10]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2011-12-01

2020-03-13

818

0

7



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.07

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.02

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.4

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.1

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

10.62

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0049091

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.836

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.74

no units

TEST QSAR



A-421

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluorantiiene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

589

42

Sites

7.13

0.003

0.01

0.056

0.15





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

101

34

Sites

34

0.003

0.0105

0.064

0.15





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

488

8

Sites

1.64

0.005

0.01

0.0323

0.044

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

500K-1M

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

20

1

Sites

5

0.002

0.002

0.002

0.002

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

481

0

Sites

0













Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

90

1

Sites

1.11

0.034

0.034

0.034

0.034

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

634

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

865

283

Sites

33

0.002

0.03

0.425

25.6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,096

62

Sites

5.66

0.003

0.02

0.195

6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,961

345

Sites

18

0.002

0.03

0.41

25.6

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

15

Sites

39

0.0045

0.0122

0.0339

0.0564

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

5

Sites

24







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000955



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

162.696

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

392.038

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

378.496

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000386

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000371

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000668

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000318

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2457.49

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

480.839

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000109

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.17848

no units



A-422

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluoranthene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

10

ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

207

USEPA. 1990. Chemical Assessment Summary, Fluoranthene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

327

USEPA. 2012. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Fluoranthene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

438

WHO. 2003. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality: Polynyclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

A-423

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluoxetine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID7023067

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

5

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.6

lowest therapeutic dose: treatment of major
depressive disorder/bulimia
nervosa/OCD/Panic disorder

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.014322

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-424

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluoxetine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

8.33333E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

McKesson
Packaging
Services
Business
Unit of
McKesson
Corporation

lowest therapeutic dose: treatment of major depressive disorder/bulimia
nervosa/OCD/Panic disorder

bottle-fed infants

151

0.560

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

8.33333E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

McKesson
Packaging
Services
Business
Unit of
McKesson
Corporation

lowest therapeutic dose: treatment of major depressive disorder/bulimia
nervosa/OCD/Panic disorder

general population

33.8

2.00

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

1.33

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general
population

0.001960784

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.000555556

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

34.04

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0034514

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.158

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.795

no units

TEST QSAR



A-425

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluoxetine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data



Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/ Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone. Units

Notes







PWS/ Sites/

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)































Finished Water



Prevalen ce

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 -2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001-2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988-1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984-1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalen ce

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water

1991 -2017

557

3

Sites

0.54

0.00585

0.00784

0.0143

0.0171





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 -2017

75

2

Sites

2.67

0.00585

0.00684

0.00744

0.00784





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water

1991 -2017

482

1

Sites

0.21

0.0171

0.0171

0.0171

0.0171

























Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied

Date



Toxic Re

ease Data

Number of

Amount Released



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)





(lbs/year)









States

(lbs/year)









Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-National ly Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Furlong etal 2017 (Finished) [83]

2007 -2012

NA

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 -2012

9

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Padhye etal. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009 -2010

8

1

Samples

12

0

0



1.92e-05 +/- 7e-
07

ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.001

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalen ce

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

206

4

S

tes

1.94

0.002

0.0522

0.0896

0.169

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

0

S

tes

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

607

4

S

tes

0.66

0.002

0.0522

0.0896

0.169

ug/L



Furlong etal 2017 (Ambient) [83]

2007 -2012

NA

NA

S

tes

0









ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 -2012

9

NA

S

tes

11



0.00053



0.00053

ug/L



Batt etal. 2016 (Ambient) [46]

2008 - 2009

182

10

S

tes

5.49

9e-04

0.00465

0.0133

0.0248

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

3

S

tes

7.89

0.0065174

0.0136

0.0224

0.0246002

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

1

S

tes

0.09

0.0170815

0.0171

0.0171

0.0170815

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

3

Samples

38

0

0



9e-07 +/- le-07

ug/L



Rahman et al. (2010) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2010

NA

NA











0.0475

ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.002

ug/L



Barnes et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.056

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2009) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0033

ug/L



Con ley et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.01

ug/L



Kolpin et al. (2002) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.012

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0055

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0026

ug/L



























W/oste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

13

Sites

62

0.0025456

0.01

0.0333

0.0432505

ug/L



Kostich etal. 2014(Wastewater) [126]

not reported

48

18

Sites

38

0.0032

0.0199

0.0272

0.0312

ug/L



Batt etal. (2008) via Kostich etal. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.073

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al. (2005) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.021

ug/L



Shultz et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.07

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127



2010

NA

NA











0.025

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted

Exposure
(mg/kg-bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



3.67 E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54542

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

316.438

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

343.305

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000398

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000143

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000392

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000237

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

125.272

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

171.791

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000144

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.13029

no units



A-426

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Fluoxetine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

46

Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a Nationaicale Rivers and Streams
Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

83

Furlong, E.T., Batt, A.L., Glassmeyer, S.T., Noriega, M.C., Kolpin, D.W., Mash, H., Schenck, K.M. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States: Pharmaceuticals. Science of The Total Environment. 579 (1629-1642).

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

126

Kostich MS, et al. 2014 Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation. Environ Pollut. 2014
Jan;184:354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013. Epub 2013 Oct 3. PMID: 24095705.

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

433

Uslu, M., Jasim, S., Arvai, A., Bewtra, J. and Biswas, N., 2013. A Survey of Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Substances in the Great Lakes Basin. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 35(4),
pp.249-262.

A-427

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Galaxolide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Galaxolide

CASRN:

1222-05-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID8027373

Use:

Fragrance ingredient in perfumes, soaps, cosmetics,
and detergents.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

no adverse effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

20000

no adverse effects seen at highest dose

general population

ECHA

2011



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.18

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.000009

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-42 8

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Galaxolide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

3.8

mg/kg/day

ECHA 2011

Api and
Ford 1999

no adverse effects at the highest dose tested

general population

33.8

22500

[71]

NOTE: An ECHA Derived No
Effect Level (DNEL) is used in
place of the RfD

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Hepatic

5

Api, 1999

Respiratory, Reproductive,

150

Api, 1999



2020-04-06

385

2

0

2

Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

4640

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

25

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0032063

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.048

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.709

no units

TEST QSAR



A-429

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Galaxolide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

570

52

Sites

9.12

0.007

0.057

0.18

2.4





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

87

40

Sites

46

0.007

0.065

0.2

2.4





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

483

12

Sites

2.48

0.008

0.017

0.0484

0.081

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

24



0.0365



0.061

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

717

279

Sites

39

0.005

0.04

0.23

4.6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

692

38

Sites

5.49

0.004

0.0375

0.942

1.72

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,409

317

Sites

22

0.004

0.04

0.256

4.6

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

36



0.028



0.11

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

20

Sites

53

0.0076

0.285

1.03

1.4

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

1

Sites

50





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

21

Sites

100

0.49

1.2

2

4.6

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

28.8833

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

323.86

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

312.099

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000374131

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000385478

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000606

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000015

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

788.097

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1667.25

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000223

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.75078

no units



A-430

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Galaxolide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

71

ECHA. 2011. Registration Dossier: l,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylindeno[5,6-c]pyran. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), Helsinki, Finland, https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-
/registered-dossier/14504/1. Accessed 03/03/2020

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-431

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Gemfibrozil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Gemfibrozil

CASRN:

25812-30-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID0020652

Use:

a nt ihy pe rl i po prote i ne m ic

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects







Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

30

lowest therapeutic dose: lipid regulation
(decreases VLDL, increases HDL cholesterol)

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.06654

90th Percentile

Ambient Water

Batt et al.

2016

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.0022

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

X

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-43 2

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Gemfibrozil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.005

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Watson
Laboratories,
Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose; lipid regulation (decreases VLDL, increases
HDL cholesterol)

bottle-fed infants

151

33.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.005

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Watson
Laboratories,
Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose; lipid regulation (decreases VLDL, increases
HDL cholesterol)

general population

33.8

120

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

20

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.117647059

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.033333333

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

316

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

479

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

2.56

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.001875

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.229

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.849

no units

TEST QSAR



A-433

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Gemfibrozil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)





(lbs/year)











(lbs/year)









Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data





















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data



Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/ Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone. Units

Notes







PWS/ Sites/

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)











Samples



















Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Kleywegt et al. (2011) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2011

NA

NA











0.004

ug/L



Tabe et al. (2009) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2009

NA

NA











0.002

ug/L



Kormos et al. (2007) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2007

NA

NA











0.003

ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.0106

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Batt et al. 2016 (Ambient) [46]

2008 - 2009

182

27

Sites

15

0.0051

0.0225

0.0665

0.1125

ug/L



Kleywegt et al. (2011) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2011

NA

NA











0.009

ug/L



Tabe et al. (2009) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2009

NA

NA











0.004

ug/L



Kormos et al. (2007) via Uslu et a 1. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2007

NA

NA











0.006

ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.0174

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2009) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.024

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.081

ug/L



Fono et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.079

ug/L



Gross et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.18

ug/L



Kolpin et al. (2002) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.79

ug/L



Lin et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.065

ug/L



Spongberget al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.006

ug/L



Trenholm et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0048

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.056

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.17

ug/L



A-434

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Kostich et al. 2014 (Wastewater) [126]

not reported

50

38

Sites

76

0.0908

0.506

1.4

2.3396

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.22

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.819

ug/L



Drewes et al. (2002) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.235

ug/L



Fono et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.234

ug/L



Gross et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.158

ug/L



Soliman et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.5

ug/L



Spongberget al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.451

ug/L



Trenholm et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.22

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











4.77

ug/L



Yu et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.41

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000193





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

3.52148

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

326.707

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

349.352

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000936

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000172

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000247743

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000685

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.16534

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

16.1065

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

8.62 E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.42964

no units



A-435

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Gemfibrozil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022





46

Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a Nationaicale Rivers and Streams
Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

126

Kostich MS, et al. 2014 Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation. Environ Pollut. 2014
Jan;184:354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013. Epub 2013 Oct 3. PMID: 24095705.

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

433

Uslu, M., Jasim, S., Arvai, A., Bewtra, J. and Biswas, N., 2013. A Survey of Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Substances in the Great Lakes Basin. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 35(4),
pp.249-262.

A-436

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane)

CASRN:

74-97-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID4021503

Use:

Fire extinguishing flu id; chemical intermediate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





9

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.3954

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-437

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.013

mg/kg/day

OW1989

Torkelson et
al., 1960

increased liver to bodyweight ratio

general population

33.8

76.9

[202]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OW1989











[202]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1991











[210]



Cancer Classification (CC)

1



PPRTV 2009











[302]

Note: No toxicity values have
been derived for
bromochloromethane

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(ml/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2008-09-01

2020-04-14

6

0

0



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

1

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.09

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Subchronic RfC

0.1

mg/mA3

EPA PPRTV



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

4300

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

0.85

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0023878

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.69

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-438

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

4,916

309

Sites

6.29

0.06

0.11

0.395

5.17





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

22.974

106

Sites

0.46

0.0023

1

6

33.4





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992

12.881

65

Sites

0.5

0.05

1

10

210





National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.734

19

Sites

0.25

0.01

0.14

0.445

1.15





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

264

4

Sites

1.52

0.01

0.38

0.441

0.45





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

7.470

15

Sites

0.2

0.02

0.075

0.384

1.15

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

401

11

Sites

2.74

0.5

0.805

3.65

6

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

888

29

Sites

3.27

0.5

2.4

6.26

18

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

1,188

1

Sites

0.08

0.66

0.66

0.66

0.66

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.07637

0.0764

0.0764

0.07637

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

4,242

23

Sites

0.54

0.4

1.15

3

8.9

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

130

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006-2011

13

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

1,665

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

33

1

Sites

3.03

0.61

0.61

0.61

0.61

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

169

9

Sites

5.33

0.01

0.04

0.06

0.06

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3,487

8

Sites

0.23

0.02

0.035

0.09

0.17

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,653

17

Sites

0.47

0.01

0.04

0.07

0.17

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

5

Sites

13

0.02169

0.0357

0.0554

0.05931

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

685

1

Sites

0.15

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



4.55E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

14.1519

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

64.2952

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

66.832

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

181.807

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

231.206

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0723047

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0625173

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

5.65089

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

4.40555

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0038283

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.45955

no units



A-439

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

202

USEPA. 1989. Bromochloromethane Health Advisory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C.

210

USEPA. 1991. Chemical Assessment Summary, Bromochloromethane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Protection, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

302

USEPA. 2009. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Bromochloromethane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-440

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

HCFC-22

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

HCFC-22

CASRN:

75-45-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID6020301

Use:

Refrigerant; low-temperature solvent; fluorocarbon
resins, especially tetrafluoroethylene polymers; gas

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





9

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.2

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-441

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

HCFC-22

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes







IRIS 1993











[221]

NOTE: HCFC-22 is highly
volitile. No oral toxicity
values were derived. No
PECO-re levant studies were
found in the rapid systematic
literature review.

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

























Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2002-08-01

2020-03-25

130

0

2



Other Health Data































Data Element

Value

Units



Source



Notes





Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC





III 1

Reference Concentration (RfC)

50

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



















Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.574

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.57

no units

TEST QSAR



A-442

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

HCFC-22

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

4,916

286

Sites

5.82

0.08

0.22

1.2

250





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.411

55

Sites

3.9

0.02

0.08

0.895

15.6





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

51

3

Sites

5.88

0.07

0.095

0.224

0.35





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.360

52

Sites

3.82

0.02

0.07

0.907

15.6

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

23

1,908,568

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

100 M - 250 M

Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.04688

0.0469

0.0469

0.04688

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

47

2

Sites

4.26

0.03

0.3

0.57

0.57

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

824

39

Sites

4.73

0.03

0.175

1.71

4.02

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

871

41

Sites

4.71

0.03

0.175

1.71

4.02

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.03401

0.301

0.515

0.5687

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012-2013

527

11

Sites

2.09

0.02

0.08

0.18

0.56

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000574





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

7.58302

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

-36.5186

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

-10.361

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

5705.02

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

3273.41

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0211658

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.159221

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

10.1839

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

4.19759

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0424827

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.00459

no units



A-443

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

HCFC-22

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

221

USEPA. 1993. Chemical Assessment Summary, Chlorodifluoromethane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Protection, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

A-444

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Heroin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Heroin

CASRN:

561-27-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID6046761

Use:

Addictive substance of abuse; used for the relief of
severe pain, especially in terminal illness

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude











Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date











PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-445

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Heroin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes





















NOTE: derivative of
morphine; no health
assessments found

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Data Element | Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-446

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Heroin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-447

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Heroin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference





A-448

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Hexazinone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID4024145

Post emergence contact herbicide

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

300

decreased body weight, hepatotoxicity
(clinical chemical changes and microscopic

general population

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.021

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-449

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Hexazinone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.05

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Dalgard
1991

decreased body weight, he pat otoxicity (clinical chemical changes and
microscopic lesions)

general population

33.8

296

[349]

NOTE: Though this compound is listed as having a D
cancer classification in the OPP assessment, the
document also states: "Hexazinone is classified as
"Likely at high doses, but unlikely to be carcinogenic to
humans at low doses." Therefore, a cancer dietary
exposure analysis is not required."

Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OPP 2015











[349]

NOTE: Though this compound is listed as having a D
cancer classification in the OPP assessment, the
document also states: "Hexazinone is classified as
"Likely at high doses, but unlikely to be carcinogenic to
humans at low doses." Therefore, a cancer dietary
exposure analysis is not required."

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.4

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element | Value | Units | Source | Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3400

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

860

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

37.57

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

900

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

400

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

1.26

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Sub chronic LOAEL

122.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Sub chronic LOAEL

440.39999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

31.6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

87.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0074473

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.624

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmentaltoxintest

1.093

no units

TEST QSAR



A-450

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Hexazinone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,886

375

Sites

7.67

1.00E - 04

0.00382

0.021

1.23





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

582

211

Sites

36

1.00E - 04

0.00361

0.019

1.23





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

4.304

164

Sites

3.81

0.00015

0.01

0.0871

1.13

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

27

483,326

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

3

1,574



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

3

Sites

30

8e-04

8e-04

0.0025

0.087

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

2

Sites

7.69

0.0065

0.0076

0.00848

0.0087

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

17

Sites

7.49

8e-04

8e-04

0.0115

0.11

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

14

Sites

6.42

8e-04

0.0046

0.0122

0.021

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

3

Sites

30

8e-04

8e-04

0.00425

0.11

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,615

347

Sites

21

0.0036

0.025

0.128

35

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

7

Sites

18

0.0029

0.0168

0.036

0.0466

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

39

Sites

5.65

3e-04

0.0016

0.00666

0.0929

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

71

19

Samples

27







0.097

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.69E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.72279

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

324.385

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000035

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000111

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0801096

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00772681

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.40816

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

5.98412

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000166

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.76651

no units



A-451

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Hexazinone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

349

USEPA. 2015. Hexazinone: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0755-0019. DP No. D424526. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-452

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazalil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Imazalil

CASRN:

35554-44-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID8024151

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

10

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.5

hepatocytic neoplasm

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0654

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

013

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-45 3

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazalil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.108

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Van Deun
1999

reductions in body weight and weight gain and macro and microscopic
effects in the liver (male and female) and thyroid (male)

general population

33.8

639

[399]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0611

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2018

Verstraeten
1993

hepatocytic neoplasm

general population

33.8

0.484

[399]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2018











[399]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.47

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.017

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0611

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.016

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.000524

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0025

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

227

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

640

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

120

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

20

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

40

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

32.93

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

20

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

37.900002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

22.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0028973

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.541

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.281

no units

TEST QSAR



A-454

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazalil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

14

2

Sites

14

0.0534

0.0609

0.0654

0.0684





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

14

2

Sites

14

0.0534

0.0609

0.0654

0.0684





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

1

36,692

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

2

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

132

7

Sites

5.3

0.0116

0.0307

0.1

0.119

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

135

7

Sites

5.19

0.0116

0.0307

0.1

0.119

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

191

12

Sites

6.28

0.0116

0.03

0.0965

0.1189

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0517

0.0521

0.221

0.2634

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.65E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35613

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

346.361

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

344.153

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000235

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000314

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000551691

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000328095

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

35.0705

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

168.655

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000522

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.66695

no units



A-455

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazalil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

399

USEPA. 2018. Imazalil. Acute, Chronic, and Cancer Dietary (Food Only) Exposure and Risk Assessment in Support of the HED Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. E P A-HQ-OPP-2013-0305-0026
DP No. D446973. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-456

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazapyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID8034665

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

no adverse effects

4

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10000

no adverse effects identified

general population

OPP

2006



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

79



EDWC SW 30-Year
mean (chronic, non-
cancer)

OPP

2006

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-457

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazapyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

2.5

mg/kg/day

OPP 2006

Shellenberger
1987

no effects identified at loael selected as pod

general population

33.8

14800

[271]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2006











[2711



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

16

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

16

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



NOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

1.48

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0046026

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.624

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.879

no units

TEST QSAR



A-458

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazapyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

4

358,171

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

9

Sites

60

0.001498

0.002

0.0097

0.2

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

3

1

Sites

33

0.026

0.026

0.026

0.026

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3

1

Sites

33

0.026

0.026

0.026

0.026

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

114

Sites

50

0.001498

0.0035

0.02

3.054

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

107

Sites

49

0.0015

0.0149

0.131

3.054

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

10

8

Sites

80

0.001498

0.002

0.01

0.21

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

52

7

Samples

14







0.209

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water, 30-Year Mean (chronic, non-cancer)

2006

OPP

79

ug/L

Tier 1 FQPA Index Reservoir
Screening Tool (FIRST)

The modeled surface water chronic, non-cancer concentration provided by the most recent available EPA OPP health assessment
was selected as the occurrence concentration for imazapyr. This value coincides with the chronic health effects data which report

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg

Notes

Expocast exposure



9.23E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.33907

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

276.309

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.73E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.43E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0301436

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0043451

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

5.19409

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.93197

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.08E-10

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.4738

no units



A-459

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazapyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

271

USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Imazapyr. EPA-HQ-OPP-2005-0495-0031. OPP-2005-0495. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances, Washington, D.C.

A-460

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazaquin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Imazaquin

CASRN:

81335-37-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID3024152

Use:

Herbicide used on broad leaved weeds in soya beans

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

1000

decreased body weights (within 4 weeks of
exposure), slight anemia, clinical
chemistry/hematology changes, and
evidence of skeletal muscle myopathy

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.18

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-461

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazaquin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.25

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

American
Cyanamid
Company,
1984

decreased body weights (within first 4 weeks of exposure), slight anemia,
clinical chemistry/hematology changes, and evidence of skeletal muscle
myopathy

general population

33.8

1480

[400]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2018











[4001



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

1.6

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

1.6

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2363

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

125

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

600

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.65

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.011298

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.56

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.945

no units

TEST QSAR



A-462

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazaquin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,148

170

Sites

4.1

0.00102

0.0154

0.18

5.9





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

472

114

Sites

24

0.00102

0.0151

0.18

5.9





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.676

56

Sites

1.52

0.00152

0.02

0.132

0.7

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

15

52,207

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

5

Sites

29

0.0018

0.004

0.0184

0.047

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

475

31

Sites

6.53

0.00159

0.0131

0.0792

0.255

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,051

27

Sites

2.57

0.00093

0.01

0.02

0.07

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,526

58

Sites

3.8

0.00093

0.01

0.056

0.255

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

17

Sites

7.42

0.0018

0.00735

0.0245

0.058

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

12

Sites

5.48

0.0018

0.008

0.0357

0.0458

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.0018

0.005

0.0228

0.058

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0128

0.0133

0.0322

0.0369

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

6

Sites

0.87

0.0015

0.00305

0.0289

0.05

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.51E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34801

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

288.545

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.27E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

5.35E-10

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000453923

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000450817

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.886

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

3.4435

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.11E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.87775

no units



A-463

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazaquin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

400

USEPA. 2018. Imazaquin: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0224-0020. DP No. D445078. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-464

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazethapyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID3024287

Herbicide used o

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

no adverse effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10000

no effects identified at loael selected as pod

general population

OPP

2002



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.09264

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-465

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazethapyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

2.5

mg/kg/day

OPP 2002

American
Cyanamid
Co. 1987

no effects identified at loael selected as pod

general population

33.8

14800

[250]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2002











[2501



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

16

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

16

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

125

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

1500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

750

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.27

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.001349

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.639

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.927

no units

TEST QSAR



A-466

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazethapyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,118

232

Sites

5.63

4.00E - 05

0.0167

0.0926

2.71





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

472

174

Sites

37

4.00E - 05

0.0167

0.0938

2.71





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.646

58

Sites

1.59

0.00021

0.0131

0.07

0.242

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

43

641,374

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

5

Sites

29

0.002

0.004

0.018

0.063

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

475

71

Sites

15

0.00112

0.0172

0.0726

0.65

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,057

10

Sites

0.95

0.00674

0.01

0.0189

0.02

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,532

81

Sites

5.29

0.00112

0.0162

0.0686

0.65

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

52

Sites

23

0.001665

0.004

0.0157

0.137

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

47

Sites

21

0.001665

0.00255

0.00304

0.0082

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.002

0.004

0.0174

0.137

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

35

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

14

Sites

2.03

0.000211

0.0037

0.0249

0.07

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



9.56E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34063

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

277.233

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.57E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

5.12E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00538382

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00181552

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4.52231

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

2.50611

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

9.25E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.45322

no units



A-467

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imazethapyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

250

USEPA. 2002. Health Effects Division (HED) Risk Assessment for Imazethapyr. EPA-HQ-OPP-2002-0189-0003. DP Nos. D232428 D269226 D277925. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-468

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imidacloprid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Imidacloprid

CASRN:

138261-41-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID5032442

Use:

Insecticide used on pests on agricultural and nursery
crops

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

500

increased incidence of tremors

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.09098

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.00018

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-469

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imidacloprid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.08

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Ruf1990

increased incidence of tremors

general population

33.8

473

[384]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2017











[3841



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.93

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.14

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.36

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.36

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Ad justed Dose (PAD)

0.057

mg/kg/dav

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

4870

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

98

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

16.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

414

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

274

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

7.6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

0.84

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0012162

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.912

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.805

no units

TEST QSAR



A-470

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imidacloprid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,177

399

Sites

9.55

0.00066

0.0242

0.091

2.15





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

471

272

Sites

58

0.00066

0.0242

0.089

2.15





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.706

127

Sites

3.43

0.00151

0.0269

0.226

1.99

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

987,466

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

8

Sites

47

0.002498

0.0025

0.0106

0.099

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

3

Sites

12

0.004

0.0072

0.00952

0.0101

ug/L



Klarich et al. 2017 (Finished) [117]

2016

20

16

Sites

80

0.00122

0.00396

0.0162

0.02636

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

624

203

Sites

33

0.00071

0.0245

0.155

4.18

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,057

32

Sites

3.03

0.00351

0.03

0.282

4.48

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,681

235

Sites

14

0.00071

0.0245

0.158

4.48

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

23

Sites

10

0.002498

0.006

0.0264

0.202

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

18

Sites

8.22

0.0025

0.0103

0.031

0.124

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.002498

0.0025

0.0247

0.202

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,031

668

Sites

65

0.0201

0.222

1.23

12.7

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

14

Sites

37

0.0036

0.0275

0.0696

0.1428

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

14

Sites

2.03

0.0015

0.0126

0.0782

0.741

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

126

2

Samples

1.6







0.159

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.54E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.541

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

322.953

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.19E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00210815

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00205589

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.64405

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.56E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.599499

no units



A-471

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Imidacloprid

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

117

Klarich, K.L., Pflug, N.C., DeWald, E.M., Hladik, M.L., Kolpin, D.W., Cwiertny, D.M. and LeFevre, G.H., 2017. Occurrence of neonicotinoid insecticides in finished drinking water and fate during drinking
water treatment. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 4(5), pp. 168-173.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

384

USEPA. 2017. Imidacloprid. Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk Assessments for the Registration Review Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0844-1236.
DP Nos. D438392 D438433. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-472

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Indoxacarb

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID1032690

Broad spectrum insecticide

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

6

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

decreased body weight, body weight gain,
food consumption, and food efficiency;
decreased hematocrit, hemoglobin and red
blood cells

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.069398

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-473

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Indoxacarb

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.02

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Long et al.
1998;
Frame
1997;
Breslin
1997

decreased body weight, body weight gain, food consumption, and
food efficiency

general population

BB.8

118

[401]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[401]



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.8

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.12

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.1

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Ad justed Dose (PAD)

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1732

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

268

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

1000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

2.1300001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1.114

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in vitro

18.17

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

3.78

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

16

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

3.09

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0,0007798

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.589

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.1

no units

TEST QSAR



A-474

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Indoxacarb

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.761

12

Sites

0.68

0.00104

0.0017

0.0694

0.273





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

11

Sites

3.42

0.00104

0.00153

0.00338

0.0859





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.439

1

Sites

0.07

0.273

0.273

0.273

0.273

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

32

100,007

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

359

4

Sites

1.11

0.00195

0.107

0.169

0.187

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

887

4

Sites

0.45

0.00195

0.107

0.169

0.187

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

202

7

Sites

3.47

0.066

0.071

0.851

2.01

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000197





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

5.1378

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

349.98

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.38E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

8.99E-11

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000344

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000211

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4.57962

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

36.7282

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000022

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.33162

no units



A-475

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Indoxacarb

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

401

USEPA. 2018. Indoxacarb: Update to the Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Indoxacarb to Support Registration Review and the Proposed New Use for Controlling Ants at Ornamental Nurseries,
Sod Farms, and Livestock Corrals of non-Food Bearing Animals. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0367-0050. DP No. D445517. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-476

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Iprodione

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Iprodione

CASRN:

36734-19-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID3024154

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

carcinogen with linear MOA

7

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.7

leydig cell tumor

general population

OPP

2012



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

2.208

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-477

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Iprodione

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.05

mg/kg/day

OPP 2012

Blystone et
al. 2007;
Chambers et
al. 1992;
Larochelle
1993

reduced serum testosterone

general population

33.8

296

[325]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0439

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2012

Chambers et
al. 1992

leydig cell tumor

general population

33.8

0.674

[325]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2012











[325]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0439

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.000729

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.3

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.000729

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blan k fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

4000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

12.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

90

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

8.93

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

151

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

180

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

60

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

89

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0095719

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.085

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.168

no units

TEST QSAR



A-478

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Iprodione

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.669

46

Sites

1.25

0.01

0.048

2.21

141





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

383

45

Sites

12

0.01

0.049

2.22

141





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.286

1

Sites

0.03

0.016

0.016

0.016

0.016

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

23

376,298

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

11

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

2

Sites

7.69

0.0174

0.0174

0.0174

0.0174

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

569

33

Sites

5.8

0.006

0.0346

0.196

1.24

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,014

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,582

33

Sites

1.28

0.006

0.0346

0.196

1.24

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

4

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

15

0

Sites

0













Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0246

0.0304

0.0745

0.0855

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

106

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.64E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35536

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

352.665

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

428.894

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

5.56E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

7.85E-10

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000573

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000681

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

210.915

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

15.3815

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.27E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.99477

no units



A-479

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Iprodione

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

325

USEPA. 2012. Iprodione. Acute Probabilistic, Chronic and Cancer Aggregate (Food and Drinking Water) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessments for Parent and 3,5-DCAto Support New Section 3
Registration Actions on Cucurbits (Crop Group 9) and Fruiting Vegetables (Crop Group 8-10) and to Support a Tolerance for Imported Canola. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0392-0008. DP No. D392706. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-480

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Isophorone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Isophorone

CASRN:

78-59-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID8020759

Use:

Solvent mixtures for finishes, for polyvinyl and
nitrocellulose resins, stoving lacquers

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

2

carcinogen with linear MOA

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

50

preputial gland carcinomas

general population

OPP

1999



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.129

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-481

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Isophorone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.2

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1989

Nor-Am
Agricultural
Products
1972

no adverse effects at highest dose tested

general population

33.8

1180

[204]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.15

mg/kg/day

OW1992

Nor-Am
Agricultural
Products
1972

no adverse effects at highest dose tested

general population

33.8

888

[220]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.15

mg/kg/day

OPP1999

Nor-Am
Agricultural
Products
1972

no adverse effects at highest dose tested

general population

33.8

888

[234]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.2

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2018

N TP 1986

hepatic, renal, and gastrointestinal lesions

general population

33.8

1180

[36]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.00095

(mg/kg/day) A-1

IRIS 1989

N TP 1986

preputial gland carcinoma

general population

33.8

31.1

[204]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.004

(mg/kg/day) A-1

OW 1992

N TP 1986

renal tubular cell tumors and preputial gland carcinomas

general population

33.8

7.40

[220]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.000608

(mg/kg/day) A-1

OPP1999

N TP 1986

preputial gland carcinoma

general population

33.8

48.7

[234]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



IRIS 1989











[204]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OW 1992











[220]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP1999











[234]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(ml/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2017-07-01

2020-02-13

25

0

2



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

15

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.034

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

3

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.04

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.1

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Reference Concentration (RfC)

2000

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice NE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats NE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice EE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats SE

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0104954

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.25

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.944

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

3200

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

2.72

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

16600

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

TD50

203

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-482

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Isophorone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.920

52

Sites

2.71

0.003

0.01

0.129

3.9





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

150

36

Sites

24

0.003

0.01

0.0991

3.9





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.770

16

Sites

0.9

0.005

0.0105

0.316

0.54

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.149

0.149

0.149

0.149

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.032



0.032

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

47

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

830

414

Sites

50

0.002

0.011

0.0437

18.2

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

1,871

99

Sites

5.29

0.002

0.013

0.0605

0.18

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

2,701

513

Sites

19

0.002

0.011

0.0452

18.2

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

24

Sites

63

0.0038

0.012

0.0267

0.0991

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012 - 2013

527

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

1

Sites

50





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

14

Sites

67

0.017

0.03

0.0694

0.081

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000459



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.55543

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

210.791

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

211.454

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.616548

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.429536

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0353497

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0304088

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.63961

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

8.27942

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000366

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.02537

no units



A-483

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Isophorone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

36

ATSDR. 2018. Toxicological Profile for Isophorone. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

204

USEPA. 1989. Chemical Assessment Summary, Isophorone. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington
D.C.

220

USEPA. 1992. Isophorone Drinking Water Health Advisory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C.

234

USEPA. 1999. Isophorone - Report of the Hazard Identification Assessment Review Committee. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, Office of
Pesticides Programs, Health Effects Division, Washington, D.C.

A-484

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Isoxaflutole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Isoxaflutole

CASRN:

141112-29-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID5034723

Use:

Herbicide; for use on corn fields

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

7

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

3



general population

OPP

2011



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1998

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-48 5

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Isoxaflutole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.02

mg/kg/day

OPP 2011

Chase 1995

liver, thyroid, ocular, nervous system toxicity

general population

33.8

118

[320]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0114

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2011

Chase 1995

liver adenomas and carcinomas

general population

33.8

2.60

[320]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2011











[320]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.6

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0114

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.00281

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.1

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.00281

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.79

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

3.38

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0023388

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.62

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.897

no units

TEST QSAR



A-486

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Isoxaflutole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.699

22

Sites

1.29

0.0028

0.0257

0.2

0.66





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

21

Sites

6.52

0.0028

0.0219

0.141

0.66





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.377

1

Sites

0.07

0.261

0.261

0.261

0.261

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

35

717,004

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

302

2

Sites

0.66

0.178

0.178

0.178

0.178

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

830

2

Sites

0.24

0.178

0.178

0.178

0.178

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

221

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

216

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

5

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.97E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53704

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

371.042

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

316.595

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000009

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

5.09E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000252

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000219

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4.99662

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

207.491

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.3E-10

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.47956

no units



A-487

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Isoxaflutole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

320

USEPA. 2011. Isoxaflutole. Section 3 Registration for Use on Soybeans. Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0845-0005. DP No. D382796. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-488

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lactofen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID7024160

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

2

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

50

increased incidence of proteinaceous casts in
kidneys and decreases in thyroid and adrenal
gland weights

general population

OPP

2007



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.2322

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-48 9

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lactofen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.008

mg/kg/day

OPP 2007

Tisdel et al.
1982

increased incidence of proteinaceous casts in kidneys and decreases in
thyroid and adrenal gland weights

general population

33.8

47.3

[277]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2007











[2771



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.47

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.017

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.05

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.05

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.008

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

1.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

150

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.79

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

13.87

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

73.699997

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

17

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0062661

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.466

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.012

no units

TEST QSAR



A-490

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lactofen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.737

2

Sites

0.12

0.101

0.183

0.232

0.265





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

1

Sites

0.31

0.101

0.101

0.101

0.101





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.415

1

Sites

0.07

0.265

0.265

0.265

0.265















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

32

785,344

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

1

1,845

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

2

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

304

2

Sites

0.66

0.154

0.163

0.168

0.172

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

832

2

Sites

0.24

0.154

0.163

0.168

0.172

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000159





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54533

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

378.705

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

425.323

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.62E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.29E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000301

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000822

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

93.5153

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

30.4088

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.05E-08

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.66713

no units



A-491

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lactofen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

277

USEPA. 2007. Lactofen: Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed Uses on Fruiting Vegetables and Okra. EPA-HQ-OPP-2006-0178-0008. DP No. D339011. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

A-492

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

lambda-Cyhalothrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

lambda-Cyha loth rin

CASRN:

91465-08-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID7032559

Use:

Insecticide (HSDB -data forcyhalothrin, CASRN 68085-
85-8)

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

reproductive and developmental effects

2

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

l

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0236

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-493

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

lambda-Cyhalothrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00093

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Moseret al.
2016

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

151

1.23

[385]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2017











[3851



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.03

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.01

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.02

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Acute PAD

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.006

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.006

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.001

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LOAEL

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

9.32

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

12.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0011776

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.114

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.956

no units

TEST QSAR



A-494

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

lambda-Cyhalothrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.055

4

Sites

0.13

0.003

0.0075

0.0236

0.034





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

190

2

Sites

1.05

0.007

0.0075

0.0078

0.008





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.865

2

Sites

0.07

0.003

0.0185

0.0278

0.034

	u	



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

773,940

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

0

0



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

7

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

437

1

Sites

0.23

0.048

0.048

0.048

0.048

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

981

1

Sites

0.1

0.006

0.006

0.006

0.006

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,417

2

Sites

0.14

0.006

0.027

0.0396

0.048

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

118

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

111

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

7

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

4,815

237

Sites

4.92

7e-04

0.00511

0.0222

0.447

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

8

Sites

21

9.23e-05

0.000314

0.0018

0.0022

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000189



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54201

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

422.672

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

431.019

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

4.02E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.05E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

1.97E-08

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000071

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

133.673

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

342.768

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000012

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.63514

no units



A-495

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

lambda-Cyhalothrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

385

USEPA. 2017. Lambda-& Gamma-Cyhalothrin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0480-0299. DP No. 426321. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-496

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lidocaine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID1045166

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

10

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

8

lowest therapeutic dose:local anesthesia

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0318

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-497

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lidocaine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00125

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Fresenius
Kabi USA,
LLC

lowest therapeutic dose:local anesthesia

bottle-fed infants

151

8.30

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00125

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Fresenius
Kabi USA,
LLC

lowest therapeutic dose:local anesthesia

general population

33.8

29.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.029411765

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.008333333

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

220

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

317

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

4.68

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0073961

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.073

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.277

no units

TEST QSAR



A-498

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lidocaine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

136

Sites

24

0.00038

0.00289

0.0318

0.438





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

39

Sites

52

0.00038

0.00356

0.0688

0.438





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

97

Sites

20

0.00038

0.00262

0.0132

0.0508

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.0237378

0.0237

0.0237

0.0237378

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

209

97

Sites

46

0.00042

0.00813

0.175

0.438

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

35

Sites

8.73

0.00058

0.00496

0.0769

0.505

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

610

132

Sites

22

0.00042

0.0069

0.154

0.505

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

8



0.0296



0.0297

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

21

Sites

55

0.0009345

0.0841

0.248

0.4088204

ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

2

Sites

0.18

0.0276506

0.0336

0.0384

0.0396035

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

19

Sites

90

0.0863121

0.321

0.586

2.6986356

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



3.11E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35565

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

308.77

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

323.774

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

7.96E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000094

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0095648

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00334965

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

15.25

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

11.885

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.51E-10

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.4589

no units



A-499

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lidocaine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-500

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Linuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID2024163

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

50

hematological changes

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1589

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-501

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Linuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0077

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Malley 1988

hematological changes

general population

33.8

45.6

[418]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2019











[4181



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

3.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.12

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.001

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.049

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.049

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0077

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

4000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

261

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

3.49

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.79

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

63

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

10.35

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0056494

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.605

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.569

no units

TEST QSAR



A-502

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Linuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

293

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

10,134

151

Sites

1.49

3.00E - 04

0.018

0.159

5.28





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.045

132

Sites

6.45

5.00E - 04

0.018

0.161

5.28





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

8.089

19

Sites

0.23

3.00E - 04

0.00632

0.06

0.272

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

39

506,914

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

4

10



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

3

Sites

18

0.0027

0.0075

0.164

0.315

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

41

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

624

13

Sites

2.08

0.00218

0.00683

0.174

0.246

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,623

3

Sites

0.18

0.003

0.071

0.0956

0.111

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,247

16

Sites

0.71

0.00218

0.0113

0.111

0.246

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

2

Sites

0.87

0.0042

0.00835

0.0166

0.019

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

2

Sites

17

0.0042

0.00835

0.0166

0.019

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

6,817

178

Sites

2.61

0.0031

0.0148

0.573

5.6

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.02

0.03

0.038

0.04

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

8

Sites

1.16

3e-04

0.00095

0.00163

0.0017

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.47E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.52572

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

323.038

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

304.222

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000285

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000679

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000410555

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000829851

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

19.518

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.35E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.05312

no units



A-503

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Linuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

418

USEPA. 2019. Linuron: Revised Human Health Draft Risk Assessment to Support Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0228-0065. DP No. D444117. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-504

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lithium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Lithium

CASRN:

7439-93-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID5036761

Use:

Metal, pharmaceutical. Used as As anode in electrochemical
cells and batteries; as chemical intermediate in organic

Chemical Notes:

This CIS also contains some data for the following:
-Lithium chloride
-Lithium, total

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X [lithium chloride]

Human Neurotoxicants



Pub Med Neurotoxicants

X

Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

non-cancer effects

10

9



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

renal, neurologic, and endocrine gland effects

general population

PPRTV

2008



Cone, in water for HQ

(ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient
(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

63

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

RD1

RD 2

RD 3

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Basis

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a Relative Source
Contribution of 20%.

Green highlighting indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.

A-505

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lithium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

2

ug/kg/day

PPRTV 2008

Baldessarini
and Tarazi
2001

renal, neurologic, and endocrine gland effects

general population

33.8

11.8

[295]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



PPRTV 2008











[2951



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Reproductive, Cardiovascular, Hepatic,
Neurological, Developmental, Renal, Systemic,
Immune, Metabolic

15

Ahmad, 2011; Abu-Taweel 2012

Neurological

29.94

Riadh, 2011

2007-06-01

2019-10-21

5278

46

189

5

Other Health Data

Data Element

I Value

Units

1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Subchronic Provisional RfD

I 0.002

mg/kg/day

I EPA PPRTV



l

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1165

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max; lithium chloride

LD50

526

ms/ks

NIH HSDB

min; lithium chloride

Notes: Yellow highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-506

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lithium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prev

alence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986

988

551

Sites

56

5

15

63

7929





Ambient Water



Prev

alence

Magnitude



National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

5.983

5.683

Sites

95

0.15

4.51

43.9

2420





National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

271

213

Sites

79

0.15

4.39

43.5

460





National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

5.712

5.470

Sites

96

0.15

4.66

44.7

2420

	u	



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90tii Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

7

7

Sites

100

0.003

3.3

5.2

16

ug/L

Lithium, total

Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

23

Sites

88

0.35

1.95

13.6

71.05

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

56



10.8



42.7

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





2.7

2.7



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

21

10

Sites

48

0.002

2.8

9.7

40

ug/L

Lithium, total

National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,324

1,159

Sites

88

0

4.5

43.5

70400

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

5,801

5,648

Sites

97

0.07

15.3

100

80600

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

7,115

6,797

Sites

96

0

9.46

73.4

80600

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

56



10.7



46

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

757

729

Sites

96

0.22

5.39

39.6

285

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90tii
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection

n serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.
Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.

State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-507

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Lithium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-Quality
Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply tapwaters
at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking waters of
the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

295

USEPA. 2008. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for Lithium (CASRN 7439-93-2). EPA/690/R-08/016F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for
Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-508

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Loratadine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID2023224

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

8

non-cancer effects

6

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.3

lowest therapeutic dose:

Antihista mine/relieves of symptoms due to
hay fever or other upper respiratory allergies
such as runny nose, itchy, watery eyes

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0017

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-509

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Loratadine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4.16667 E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Bayer
Healthcare
LLC

lowest therapeutic dose:Antihistamine/relieves of symptoms due to hay
fever or other upper respiratory allergies such as runny nose, itchy,
watery eyes

bottle-fed infants

151

0.280

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4.16667 E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Bayer
Healthcare
LLC

lowest therapeutic dose:Antihistamine/relieves of symptoms due to hay
fever or other upper respiratory allergies such as runny nose, itchy,
watery eyes

general population

33.8

0.980

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

0.167

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.000980392

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.000277778

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

37

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0011588

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.082

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.8

no units

TEST QSAR



A-510

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Loratadine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

4

Sites

0.72

0.00022

0.00059

0.0017

0.00279





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

3

Sites

4

0.00034

6e-04

0.00192

0.00279





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

1

Sites

0.21

0.00022

0.00022

0.00022

0.00022

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

205

10

Sites

4.88

0.00016

0.00154

0.0134

0.151

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

1

Sites

0.25

0.00097

0.00097

0.00097

0.00097

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

606

11

Sites

1.82

0.00016

0.00142

0.0134

0.151

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.0007989

0.00138

0.00211

0.0022605

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

12

Sites

57

0.0016315

0.0026

0.0153

0.0638996

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000259





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35836

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

365.058

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

474.912

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

3.83E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.27E-10

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000725

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000128

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

124.017

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

28.6418

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000016

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.96583

no units



A-511

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Loratadine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-512

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Magnesium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Magnesium

CASRN:

7439-95-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID0049658

Use:

Metal, used in alloys commonly with aluminum

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

non-cancer effects

10

10



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

7000

"mild diarrhea and other mild
gastrointestinal complaints" — reversible

bottle-fed infants

IOM

1997



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

35511

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-513

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Magnesium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

5

mg/kg/day

IOM 1997

Bashiretal.,
1993

mild diarrhea and other mild gastrointestinal complaints

bottle-fed infants

151

6620

[107]

NOTE: this compound is a
nutrient

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

I Value I

Measured Data and Assessment Results

I

I

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-514

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Magnesium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986

988

976

Sites

99

50

9948

35511

115887





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

12.121

12.118

Sites

100

5

9630

32300

2.00E+06





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.620

2.620

Sites

100

41

8760

29100

2.00E+06





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9.502

9.499

Sites

100

5

12700

40100

1800000

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

250M-500M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

621

598

Sites

96

57

14600

32000

1400000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

542

521

Sites

96

10

3500

8500

70000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

206

201

Sites

98

100

8000

19720

49500

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

100



8810



31700

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

12

NA

Sites





9950

24000



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

5,422

5,288

Sites

98

3

14000

47000

7.1e+07

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

81

81

Sites

100

400

4400

8000

55400

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006-2011

3

3

Sites

100

2600

14800

19530

19600

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

308

304

Sites

99

120

10850

25710

59500

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

141

140

Sites

99

160

23000

43700

77300

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

100



10600



44600

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

758

757

Sites

100

13

5840

35440

133000

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-515

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Magnesium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

107

IOM. 1997. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and
fluoride. Institute of Medicine (IOM), National Academy Press, Washington, DC.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

A-516

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Malathion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID4020791

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

inhibition of red blood cell
acetylcholinesterase in pups

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.078

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-517

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Malathion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.01

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Fulcher
2001;
Barnett
2006, 2008

inhibition of red blood cell acetylcholinesterase in pups

bottle-fed infants

151

13.2

[368]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2016











[3681



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.2

mg/mA3

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Inhalation Minimal Risk Level
(MRL)

0.02

mg/mA3

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.02

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.5

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.19

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Cancer Classification (CC)

2A

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Mice NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classificat

on (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

190

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5843

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1476

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

29

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

451

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

12.14

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



TD50

44700

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

TD50

66.6

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0010471

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.383

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.378

no units

TEST QSAR



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-518

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ma lath ion

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,237

416

Sites

3.7

0.00041

0.014

0.078

9.58

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,230

383

Sites

17

0.00041

0.014

0.078

9.58

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,008

33

Sites

0.37

0.00107

0.006

0.0248

0.239

ug/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

33

1,346,697

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

10

108,619



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data

















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

481

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

2

Sites

12

0.01

0.063

0.254

0.331

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

37

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

634

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,003

50

Sites

4.99

6.00E-04

0.022

0.418

5.46

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,060

3

Sites

0.1

0.01

0.108

0.159

0.181

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

4,062

53

Sites

1.3

6.00E-04

0.0223

0.401

5.46

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

4

Sites

1.75

0.00999

0.0763

0.269

0.312

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

3

Sites

1.37

0.05

0.103

0.278

0.312

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.00999

0.00999

0.00999

0.00999

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

15,764

712

Sites

4.52

0.006

0.089

0.848

46

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0166

0.0374

0.0518

0.0554

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

3

Sites

0.43

0.0011

0.0017

0.0891

0.111

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

133

3

Samples

2.3







0.04

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mgAg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000153





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water7' data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

25.141

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

359.971

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

284.068

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000395

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000723

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000634727

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000760326

mol/L



Bioconeentration factor

OPERA QSAR

26.329

no units



Bioconeentration factor

TEST QSAR

9.86279

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.85E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.24648

no units



A-519

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Malathion

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

368

USEPA. 2016. Malathion: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. E PA-HQ-OPP-2009-0317-0080. DP No. D414107. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-520

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Manganese

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Manganese

CASRN:

7439-96-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID2024169

Use:

Manufacturing of steel alloys, in dry-cell batteries,
electrical coils, ceramics, matches, glass, dyes, fertilizers,
welding rods, as oxidizing agents, and as animal food
additives.

Chemical Notes:

This CIS also contains some data for the following:
-Manganese & Manganese Compounds
-Manganese Compounds

Isthe contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



Pub Med Neurotoxicants

X

Neurodev. Disruptors

X

Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

10

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

("g/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

30

various neurological end points in rats including
behavioral and sensorimotor effects,
corresponding neurostructural and
neurochemical changes, persistent later-life
consequences of developmental exposures after
levels of manganese in the brain have returned

bottle-fed infants

HC

2019



Cone, in water for HQ

("g/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient
(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

29.2

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



RD1

RD 2

RD 3

X

Not Applicable

Not Applicable



Managanese is a naturally occurring element and an essential nutrient of
which ingestion is not known to present adverse health effects at low levels
[a]. Drinking water contributes only a small portion of norma I oral intake,
contributing to approximately 2.8 x 10-4 mg/kg-day of daily manganese
exposure (calculated using the median concentration of detections of NIRS
data (0.012 mg/L), and assuming a daily intake of 2 Lof drinking water by a
70 kg adult for a calcualted exposure ) [b,c]. It is unlikely that regulation of
manganese in drinking water would represent a meaningful opportunity for
health risk reduction in persons served by public water systems.

[a] USE PA, 2003 [257]; [b] 10 M, 2001 [106]; [c] NIRS, 2016 [151]; £
USE PA, 2001 [180]



Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a Relative Source
Contribution of 20%.

Green highlighting indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.

A-521

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Manganese

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.025

mg/kg/day

HC 2019

Kern etal.,
2010,2011;
Beaudin et
al., 2013

various neurological endpoints in rats. "In addition to demonstratingthat
exposure to manganese in early life can result in behavioural and
sensorimotor effects, these studies provided mechanistic support by
demonstrating corresponding neurostructural and neurochemical
changes. Further, Kern et al. (2011) and Beaudin et al. (2013)
demonstrated the ability of manganese exposure in early life to result in
effects that persist into adulthood, after levels of manganese in the brain
have returned to normal."

bottle-fed infants

151

33.1

[101]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.14

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1988

NRC 1989;
Freeland-
Graveset al.
1987; WHO
1973

"CNS effects"

general population

33.8

828

[199]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.14

mg/kg/day

OW 2004

NRC 1989;
WHO 1973;
Schroeder
etal. 1966

"NOAELfor chronic ingestion of manganese by humans"

general population

33.8

828

[260]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1988











[1991



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OW 2004











[2601



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Reproductive

0.01

Souza, 2019

Developmental

11

Foster, 2018

2018-05-01

2019-10-25

1413

13

91

3

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

1

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.05

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.3

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.09

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database

manganese & manganese
compounds

Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.00005

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Notes: Yellow highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



Data Element | Value | Units | Source | Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

A-522

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Manganese

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

finished Water



Preva

ence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019

3,743

3,293

Sites

88

0.4

2.76

29.2

3960

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015

799

668

Sites

84

1

5.5

57

3550

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

672

Sites

68

1

12

126

1341

ug/L



Ambient Water



Preva

ence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,988

10,113

Sites

84

0.05

18

195

59000

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,538

2,439

Sites

96

0.1

18.4

122

12000

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9.451

7.674

Sites

81

0.05

17

440

59000

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount
Released

Notes

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

47

31,505,117

manganese

50

190,761,638

manganese compounds

Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

250M - 500M

NorvScoring_Data_

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

finished Water



Preva

ence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

926

562

Sites

61

0.002

28

190

93300

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1,665

1,305

Sites

78

0.38

59

475

159000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

998

519

Sites

52

0.6

30

210

6700

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

22

Sites

85

0.55

1.84

13.8

44.47

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

64



2.6



55.6

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.003

0.003



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Preva

ence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

5,546

2,858

Sites

52

0.003

87

510

36000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006 - 2011

35

29

Sites

83

0.3

6.4

42

90

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

407

362

Sites

89

0.93

182

1180

11000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

52

45

Sites

87

0.04

70

374

1500

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

1,560

804

Sites

52

0.6

50

240

9150

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

145

124

Sites

86

0.516

25

140

10600

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

3,519

3,463

Sites

98

0.04

30

231

357000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

11,832

9,545

Sites

81

0.019

19.9

641

680000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

15,319

12,981

Sites

85

0.019

28.8

316

680000

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

92



43



1497

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

757

653

Sites

86

0.15

8.06

175

3110

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in blood (1999-2016)

14.8

ug/l



NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final
CCL 5.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.

State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-523

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Manganese

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-Quality
Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply tapwaters
at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking waters of
the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

101

Health Canada. 2019. Guideline Technical Document Manganese. Health Canada (HC), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

106

Institute of Medicine (IOM). 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium and Zinc: A Report of
the Panel on Micronutrients, Subcommittees on Upper Reference Levels of Nutrients and of Interpretation and Use of Dietary Reference Intakes, and the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of
Dietary Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Washington, DC: National Academy Press (prepublication version). Available on the Internet at:

151

NIRS. 2016. Summary of data provided in tabular form in docket; www.regulations.gov Docket ID EPA-HQ-OW-2007-1189.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

180

USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Manganese. EPA 815 R-01-013.

199

USEPA. 1988. Manganese; CASRN 7439-96-5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington, DC.

257

USEPA. 2003. Health Effects Support Document for Manganese. Office of Water. EPA Report 822-R-03-003. February 2003.164pp.

260

USEPA. 2004. Drinking Water Health Advisory for Manganese. EPA-822-R-04-003. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, DC.

A-524

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Meprobamate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Meprobamate

CASRN:

57-53-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID3023261

Use:

anxiolytic

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

30

lowest therapeutic dose: short-term relief of
the symptoms of anxiety

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.06641

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-525

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Meprobamate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.005

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Alembic
Pharmaceuticals
Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose: short-term relief of the symptoms of
anxiety

bottle-fed infants

151

33.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.005

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Alembic
Pharmaceuticals
Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose: short-term relief of the symptoms of
anxiety

general population

33.8

120

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

40

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.117647059

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.033333333

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1410

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

750

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

0.43

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0038637

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.522

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.896

no units

TEST QSAR



A-526

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Meprobamate

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

557

18

Sites

3.23

0.00243

0.0203

0.0664

0.164

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

75

11

Sites

15

0.00243

0.0202

0.0527

0.137

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

482

7

Sites

1.45

0.00965

0.0385

0.142

0.164

ug/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley et a 1. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.0183328

0.0183

0.0183

0.0183328

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Snyder et al. (2007) via Kumar et al. (2010) (Finished) [128]

2007

20

NA

Samples



0.0016

0.0038



0.013

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

210

63

Sites

30

0.00176

0.0102

0.0422

0.199

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

401

18

Sites

4.49

0.00335

0.0189

0.056

0.0658

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

611

81

Sites

13

0.00176

0.0115

0.0436

0.199

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.0142



0.01418

ug/L



Bradley et a 1. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

16

Sites

42

0.0085162

0.0422

0.327

0.405929

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

8

Sites

0.72

0.0171232

0.0211

0.0761

0.1639527

ug/L



Snyder et al. (2007) via Kumar et a 1. (2010) (Ambient) [128]

2007

20

NA

Samples



0.0014

0.0059



0.016

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2009) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.073

ug/L



Stand ley et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.007

ug/L



Trenholm et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.01

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.22

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.594

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.0341876

0.117

0.709

1.3396304

ug/L



Trenholm et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.56

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.44

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



2.46E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES bion

onitoring detection

in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES bion

onitoring detection

in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES bion

onitoring detection

in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWISand NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPACompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

4.65279

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

255.297

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

303.784

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

3.42E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000325087

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0171375

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0240991

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.78529

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.19124

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.04E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.860718

no units



A-527

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Meprobamate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

127

Kostich, MS, et al., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

128

Kumar, A. and Xagoraraki, 1., 2010. Human health risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in water: An uncertainty analysis for meprobamate, carbamazepine, and phenytoin. Regulatory Toxicology and
Pharmacology, 57(2-3), pp.146-156.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-528

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metalaxyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Metalaxyl

CASRN:

57837-19-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID6024175

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

700

dose-related increases in clinical signs of
toxicity (e.g., post-dosing convulsions)

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0453

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-529

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metalaxyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.5

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Ciba-Geigy
Corp. 1985

dose-related increases in clinical signs of toxicity (e.g., post-dosing
convulsions)

bottle-fed infants

151

662

[369]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2016











[3691



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Health-Based Screening Level

0.474

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

669

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

7120

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

30.629999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

400

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

7.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

3.26

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Sub chronic LOAEL

30.629999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

7.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0090573

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.191

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.606

no units

TEST QSAR



A-530

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metalaxyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

5,889

367

Sites

6.23

0.00012

0.009

0.0453

3.02

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

715

277

Sites

39

0.00012

0.009

0.0426

1.48

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

5,174

90

Sites

1.74

0.00032

0.01

0.28

3.02

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

2

2,967

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



N on-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

13

4

Sites

31

0.005

0.005

0.0115

0.0375

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

2

Sites

7.69

0.0203

0.0209

0.0214

0.0215

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites















USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,407

202

Sites

14

0.00032

0.013

0.11

9.05

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,270

61

Sites

1.87

0.00081

0.01

0.371

7.33

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

4,676

263

Sites

5.62

0.00032

0.0124

0.117

9.05

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

179

32

Sites

18

0.0042

0.005

0.0393

0.955

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

172

27

Sites

16

0.0042

0.0107

0.0589

0.955

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

7

5

Sites

71

0.005

0.005

0.0375

0.0375

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

26

0

Sites

0













Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Ambient) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.845

1.31



ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

8

Sites

21

0.0085

0.0437

0.116

0.1508

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

796

18

Sites

2.26

3e-04

9e-04

0.243

1.06

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































lA/osfe Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

20

0

Sites

0







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000101



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fie Ids indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Bio degradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

4.29311

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

299.877

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

344.018

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000522

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000547

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0163893

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00233884

mol/L



B io co n ce nt rat io n facto r

OPERA QSAR

8.24464

no units



B io co n ce nt rat io n facto r

TEST QSAR

17.1396

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.9E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.76605

no units



A-531

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metalaxyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

178

USE PA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

369

USEPA. 2016. Mefenoxam. Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed Use on the Rapeseed Subgroup 20A. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0014-0008. DP No. D424727. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-532

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metformin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID2023270

Is the contaminant on any lists?





FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

10

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

40

lowest therapeutic dose: decreases hepatic
glucose production, decreases intestinal
absorption of glucose, and improves insulin
sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose
uptake and utilization

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.333

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-533

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metformin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00625

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Ascend
Laboratories
, LLC

lowest therapeutic dose: decreases hepatic glucose production, decrease;
intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by
increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization

bottle-fed infants

151

42.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00625

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Ascend
Laboratories
, LLC

lowest therapeutic dose: decreases hepatic glucose production, decrease;
intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by
increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization

general population

33.8

150

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

50

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general
population

0.147058824

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.041666667

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

0.75

percent

EPA Chemistry Dash board



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0012106

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.207

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-534

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metformin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

553

70

Sites

13

0.00138

0.0275

0.333

2.64





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

69

Sites

92

0.00138

0.0276

0.333

2.64





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

478

1

Sites

0.21

0.00163

0.00163

0.00163

0.00163

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

205

169

Sites

82

0.0013

0.0732

0.656

13.5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

399

11

Sites

2.76

0.00087

0.00401

0.401

0.627

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

604

180

Sites

30

0.00087

0.0721

0.633

13.5

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

25

Sites

66

0.0103849

0.41

2.05

4.3079718

ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

2

Sites

0.18

0.0325339

0.0356

0.0381

0.0386649

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.092

ug/L



Kolpin et al. (2002) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.15

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

19

19

Sites

100

0.0259915

1.81

28.4

35.91536

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











47.253

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al. (2005) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.698

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.47E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.98474

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

256.674

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.56E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0483462

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.530884

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.94277

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.46E-09

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.735672

no units



A-535

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metformin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-536

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methocarbamol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

Methocarbamol

DTXSID6023286

ikeletal muscle relaxanl

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

100

lowest t h e ra peut ic d ose: rel ief of d iscomfo rt
associated with acute, painful
musculoskeletal conditions

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.2468

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-537

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methocarbamol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.016666667

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Granules
India Ltd

lowest therapeutic dose: relief of discomfort associated with acute,
painful musculoskeletal conditions

bottle-fed infants

151

110

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.016666667

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Granules
India Ltd

lowest therapeutic dose: relief of discomfort associated with acute,
painful musculoskeletal conditions

general population

33.8

390

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

100

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general
population

0.392156863

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.111111111

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

1.7

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0036141

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.734

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.731

no units

TEST QSAR



A-538

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methocarbamol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

22

Sites

3.95

0.00074

0.0242

0.247

2.49





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

21

Sites

28

0.00074

0.026

0.259

2.49





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

1

Sites

0.21

0.00145

0.00145

0.00145

0.00145

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.5983694

0.598

0.598

0.5983694

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

207

84

Sites

41

0.00076

0.0196

0.139

0.383

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

6

Sites

1.5

0.00198

0.0334

0.269

0.55

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

608

90

Sites

15

0.00076

0.0196

0.139

0.55

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

8



0.0291



0.0323

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

16

Sites

42

0.0139004

0.188

0.736

2.6272938

ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

19

Sites

90

0.0153466

0.306

0.719

7.79

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000165





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.48255

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

312.903

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

362.745

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

7.2E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000925

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.100228

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0132739

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.10629

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

2.10863

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

5.9E-10

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.65558

no units



A-539

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methocarbamol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-540

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methomyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Methomyl

CASRN:

16752-77-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID1022267

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

reproductive and developmental effects

1

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2

increases in peak red blood cell
acetylcholinesterase inhibition in human

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

2.92

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM2

1993-1997

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-541

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methomyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0015

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

McFarlane
1998

increases in peak red blood cell acetylcholinesterase inhibition in human

bottle-fed infants

151

1.99

[403]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[4031



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.3

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

10

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

45

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

56.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

38.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

2.28

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

12.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0002421

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.871

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.501

no units

TEST QSAR



A-542

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methomyl

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

12,604

9

Sites

0.07

0.1

1

2.92

3

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

7,697

83

Sites

1.08

0.00018

0.00502

0.166

3

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

1,197

74

Sites

6.18

0.00018

0.005

0.141

3

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

6,501

9

Sites

0.14

0.00032

0.025

0.248

0.38

ug/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

43

902,435

2016

Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Noil-Nation ally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

169

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

820

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data -WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

255

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,740

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

77

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

1

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

422

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data -Wl (Source)

2012-2019

92

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

475

18

Sites

3.79

0.00024

0.00504

0.056

0.295

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

1,051

3

Sites

0.29

0.009

0.011

0.0537

0.072

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,526

21

Sites

1.38

0.00024

0.00797

0.0672

0.295

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

1

Sites

0.44

0.0122

0.0122

0.0122

0.0122

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.0122

0.0122

0.0122

0.0122

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

6,790

539

Sites

7.94

0.021

0.211

1.64

55.3

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0282

0.0282

0.0282

0.0282

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

4

Sites

0.58

3e-04

0.0024

0.00778

0.01

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mgAg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



5.76E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for aII years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54233

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

230.04

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

204.528

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000114

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000257632

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.237365

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.201837

mol/L



Bioconeentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.54556

no units



Bioconeentration factor

TEST QSAR

2.29615

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.02E-08

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.58656

no units



A-543

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methomyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

403

USEPA. 2018. Methomyl and Thiodicarb: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0432-0017. DP Nos. D420613 D439094. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-544

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methyl mercury

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Methyl mercury

CASRN:

22967-92-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID9024198

Use:

Fungicide and seed borne diseases, as timber
preservatives, and disinfectants

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

10

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.4

Developmental neuropsychological
impairment



IRIS

2001



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.00038

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-545

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methyl mercury

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0003

mg/kg/day

ATSDR 1999;
2013

Davidson et al.
1998

Effects of prenatal and postnatal methylmercury exposure from fish
consumption on neurodevelopment:

lactating women

46.9

1.28

[15] [33]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0001

mg/kg/day

IRIS 2001

Grandjean et
al., 1997; Budtz
J0rgensen et
al., 1999a

Developmental neuropsychological impairment

lactating women

46.9

0.426

[242]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



IRIS 2001











[242]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAE L
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Systemic, Neurological

0.000913

Li, 2018

Neurological, Hepatic, Renal,
Systemic

4

Abdalla, 2012

2012-03-01

2020-01-15

2245

31

125

17

Other Health Data

Data Element

I Value

Units

1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

1 2B

no units

IWHO IARC



l

Data Element I Value I

Units

1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50 | 58 |

mg/kg

Inih hsdb



l

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-546

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methyl mercury

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

510

416

Sites

82

4.00E - 05

0.00011

0.00038

2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

447

384

Sites

86

4.00E - 05

0.00011

0.000345

0.00406





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

63

32

Sites

51

4.00E - 05

0.00027

0.0013

2

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

552

469

Sites

85

1.00E - 05

0.00019

0.0018

0.22

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

26

18

Sites

69

5.00E - 05

0.00017

0.000536

0.0013

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

573

484

Sites

84

1.00E - 05

0.00019

0.0018

0.22

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-547

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methyl mercury

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

15

ATSDR. 1999. TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR MERCURY. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

33

ATSDR. 2013. Addendum to the Toxicological Profile for Mercury (Alkeyl and Dialkyl compounds). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA

242

USEPA. 2001. Chemical Assessment Summary Methylmercury. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

A-548

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Met hy 1 te rt-buty 1 eth e r (MTB E)

CASRN:

1634-04-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID3020833

Use:

Octane booster in gasoline; manufacture of isobutene;
extraction solvent

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude



no adverse effects

5

8



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

20

organoleptic end point



OW

1997



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

34.6

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR1

2001-2003

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-549

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes







WHO 2005











[440]









OW1997











[226]

NOTE: The MTBE Health
Advisory notes that keeping
levels of contamination
MTBE in the range of 20 to
40 ug/L or below would
protect consumer
acceptance of the water
resource and would also
provide a large margin of
exposure (safety) from toxic
effects.







HC 2006











[99]









ATSDR 1996











[12]









CALEPA 1999











[56]



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Hematological, Cardiovascular

0.0055

Saeedi, 2017b

Nervous, Respiratory,

1600

Dong-mei, 2009

2005-01-01

2020-01-15

909

9

10

8

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.7

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

2

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.4

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0018

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.7

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.006

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.7

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.00000026

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Intermediate Inhalation Minimal Risk Level
(MRL)

0.7

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.3

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Public Health Goal

0.013

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Public Health Goals



Reference Concentration (RfC)

3

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

8000

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.7

mg/L

MN DOH



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

None

no units

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

4000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

2.13

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0128233

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.033

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.384

no units

TEST QSAR



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-550

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

3.871

19

Sites

0.49

5

9.2

34.6

49





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.709

870

Sites

11

0.01

0.21

3.47

23000





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

263

122

Sites

46

0.01

0.24

1.81

81.3





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

7.446

748

Sites

10

0.01

0.2

6.3

23000

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

34

1,740,624



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1B-5B

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

495

13

Sites

2.63

0.024

1.8

4.4

55

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

926

231

Sites

25

0.5

1.3

8.1

265

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.5

5



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

4,763

70

Sites

1.47

0.06

6.22

36

1900

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006-2011

5

4

Sites

80

0.14

0.52

1.6

3.7

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

138

46

Sites

33

0.5

4.2

101

880

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006-2011

24

14

Sites

58

0.2

6

1300

61000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

101

1

Sites

0.99

39

73.5

101

108

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

283

21

Sites

7.42

0.01

0.05

0.189

0.97

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

4,403

312

Sites

7.09

0.01

0.16

1.56

1080

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

4,683

333

Sites

7.11

0.01

0.15

1.38

1080

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Ambient) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





1.05

5.2



ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

4

Sites

11

0.01845

0.0237

0.0388

0.04319

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012 - 2013

685

55

Sites

8.03

0.01

0.06

0.765

4.47

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000122





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)

< LOD

pg/ml



NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

7.21225

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

58.0708

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

68.237

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

316.295

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

215.278

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.330721

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.290402

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.51817

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

4.0738

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000937822

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.0899

no units



A-551

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

12

ATSDR. 1996. Toxicological Profile for Methyl tert-Butyl Ether. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta,
GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

56

CalEPA. 1999. Public Health Goal for Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) in Drinking Water. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment,
Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Section, Sacramento, CA.

99

Health Canada. 2006. Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality: Guidline Technical Document Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether. Health Canada (HC), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

178

USE PA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

226

USEPA. 1997. Drinking Water Advisory: Consumer Acceptability Advice and Health Effects Analysis on Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MtBE). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health
and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, DC.

440

WHO. 2005. Methyl tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) in Drinking-water Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva,
Switzerland.

A-552

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Metolachlorethanesulfonicacid( ESA)

CASRN:

171118-09-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID1037567

Use:

Pesticide degradate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

8

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

2000

increased liver weight and increased serum
liver enzymes

general population

MDH

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

2.619857

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR2

2008-2010

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-553

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.07

mg/kg/day

CALEPA 2017

Altmann
1999

changes in clinical chemistry data and absolute liver weight

general population

33.8

414

[61]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.27

mg/kg/day

MDH 2018

Altmann
1999

increased liver weight and increased serum liver enzymes

general population

33.8

1600

[144]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units



Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.8

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

4

mg/L

MN DOH



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

1.77

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0101625

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.62

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.269

no units

TEST QSAR



A-554

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010

1,198

19

Sites

1.59

1

1.44

2.62

3.95455

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

2,722

915

Sites

34

0.0036

0.284

1.66

35

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

422

312

Sites

74

0.0036

0.28

1.51

8.4

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

2,300

603

Sites

26

0.0048

0.315

4.92

35

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data

















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

14

Sites

82

6e-04

0.054

0.69

2.5

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

7

Sites

27

0.02

0.027

0.212

0.23

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





2.35

2.35



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

355

169

Sites

48

0.0075

0.182

0.827

2.89

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

830

290

Sites

35

0.0123

0.291

2.2

14.8

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,185

459

Sites

39

0.0075

0.208

1.25

14.8

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

193

Sites

84

0.000599

0.066

0.735

18

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

186

Sites

85

0.000599

0.0528

0.87

18

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

9

Sites

75

6e-04

0.0735

0.716

3.603

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

56

33

Sites

59

0.05

0.128

0.272

0.502

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Ambient) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





1.55

6.01



ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

22

Sites

58

0.02

0.125

0.416

1

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

584

106

Sites

18

0.0048

0.338

3.48

31.1

ug/L



























lA/osfe Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expo cast exposure



0.000000125



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

4.64024

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

314.443

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

404.135

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

5.03 E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0102496

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00190108

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

9.61626

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

9.95405

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.27E-10

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.49063

no units



A-555

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

61

CalEPA. 2017. Public Health Concentration: Metolachlor and Metolachlor Degradates Ethanesulfonic Acid and Oxanilic Acid in Groundwater. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office
of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Branch, Sacramento, CA.

144

MDH. 2018. Toxicological Summary for: Metolachlor ESA. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St
Paul, MN.

178

USE PA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-556

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CASRN:

152019-73-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID6037568

Use:

Pesticide degradate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

1

8



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

2000

changes in blood chemistry parameters
without identified specific target organs

general population

MDH

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

3.4468

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR2

2008-2010

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-557

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.17

mg/kg/day

CALEPA 2017

Lees 2004

changes in clinic chemistry data

general population

33.8

1010

[61]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.27

mg/kg/day

MDH 2018

Syngenta
2004

changes in blood chemistry parameters without identified specific target
organs

general population

33.8

1600

[145]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units



Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

3

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.8

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

3

mg/L

MN DOH



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

0.72

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0094624

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.353

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.732

no units

TEST QSAR



A-558

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010

1,198

1

Sites

0.08

2.502

3.08

3.45

3.539

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-St ate (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-St ate (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

2,723

500

Sites

18

0.01

0.245

1.02

19

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

423

234

Sites

55

0.01

0.244

0.942

12

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

2,300

266

Sites

12

0.02

0.28

1.97

19

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

13

Sites

76

0.003

0.036

0.315

4.42

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

4

Sites

15

0.03

0.155

0.332

0.38

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





1.77

1.77



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

355

110

Sites

31

0.012

0.17

0.508

2.5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

830

160

Sites

19

0.02

0.19

1.5

19.6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,185

270

Sites

23

0.012

0.178

0.738

19.6

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

181

Sites

79

0.003

0.04

0.29

4.36

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

174

Sites

79

0.003

0.0213

0.214

4.36

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

9

Sites

75

0.003

0.0565

0.311

1.5

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

56

22

Sites

39

0.05

0.062

0.0924

0.113

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Ambient) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





1.08

5.14



ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

16

Sites

42

0.02

0.04

0.205

0.66

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

584

30

Sites

5.14

0.051

0.314

1.84

17.6

ug/L



























lA/osfe Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Exp oca st exposure



0.000000119





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection

n serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35407

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

319.319

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

356.287

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000191

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000653

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00424338

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00225944

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.91419

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.57398

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

8.32E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.6119

no units



A-559

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

61

CalEPA. 2017. Public Health Concentration: Metolachlor and Metolachlor Degradates Ethanesulfonic Acid and Oxanilic Acid in Groundwater. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office
of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Branch, Sacramento, CA.

145

MDH. 2018. Toxicological Summary for: Metolachlor OXA. Health Based Guidance for Water. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St
Paul, MN.

178

USE PA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-560

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metoprolol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Metoprolol

CASRN:

51384-51-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID2023309

Use:

beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat
ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC
ARRHYTHMIAS

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

8

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.7

lowest therapeutic dose: treatment of
hypertension

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.126

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-561

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metoprolol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000104167

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Ethex
Corporatio

lowest therapeutic dose: treatment of hypertension

bottle-fed infants

151

0.690

[77] [150]

NOTE: (LowestTherapeutic
Dose/30OOx UF) is used in place of
an RfD; LTDs were obtained from
FDA-approved drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000104167

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Ethex
Corporatio

lowest therapeutic dose: treatment of hypertension

general population

33.8

2.50

[77] [150]

NOTE: (LowestTherapeutic
Dose/30 OOx UF) is used in place of
an RfD; LTDs were obtained from
FDA-approved drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies passed
full-text review















2020-01-28

3342







Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

6.67

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical -

0.00245098

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



general population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.000694444

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

1158

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

3090

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

2.99

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0121339

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.04

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.497

no units

TEST QSAR



A-562

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metoprolol

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

557

13

Sites

2.33

0.00147

0.0156

0.126

0.416

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

75

12

Sites

16

0.00147

0.0169

0.128

0.416

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

482

1

Sites

0.21

0.00196

0.00196

0.00196

0.00196

ug/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

12



0.0085



0.0184

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

1

Samples

12

0

0



le-07+/-0

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

205

55

Sites

27

0.00146

0.00776

0.171

0.521

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

401

3

Sites

0.75

0.0668

0.123

0.164

0.182

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

606

58

Sites

9.57

0.00146

0.0083

0.176

0.521

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

32



0.0114



0.0378

ug/L



Batt et al. 2016 (Ambient) [46]

2008 - 2009

182

73

Sites

40

0.0043

0.0175

0.0751

0.2177

ug/L



Bradley et a 1. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

16

Sites

42

0.0020983

0.0637

0.116

0.3671431

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

0

Sites

0













Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

8

Samples

100

le-07 +/- 0

le-07



3e-07 +/- le-07

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.012

ug/L



Fono et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.571

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

21

Sites

100

0.0201093

0.173

0.654

6.989373

ug/L



Kostich et al. 2014 (Wastewater) [126]

not reported

50

49

Sites

98

0.1077

0.398

0.723

1.1692

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.65

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.211

ug/L



Fono et a1. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











2.269

ug/L



Hugget et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.2

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposu re







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES bion

onitoring detection

in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES bion

onitoring detection

in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES bion

onitoring detection

in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWISand NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35452

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

311.409

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

361.85

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000498

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000013

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0459364

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0223357

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

17.2182

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

32.8852

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000126

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.93639

no units



A-563

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metoprolol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

46

Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a Nationaicale Rivers and Streams
Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

126

Kostich MS, et al. 2014 Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation. Environ Pollut. 2014
Jan;184:354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013. Epub 2013 Oct 3. PMID: 24095705.

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-564

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metribuzin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

DTXSID6024204

Chemical Notes:

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

1

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

8

increased thyroid and liver weights, thyroid
follicular cell hyperplasia

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM2

1993-1997

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.013

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Metribuzin may cause advi
evidences has shown from
systems and the nur
through drinking water are

that regulation
health risk reduction in pei
i,b,c,d,e].

Basis

irse health effects at high doses, as
animal studies, but its occurrence in public
ibers of people potentially exposed
low [a,b,c,d,e]. Therefore, metribuzin may
at frequencies that are of public health
represents a meaningful opportunity for
sons served by public water systems

USE PA, 1998 [184]; [b] Kolpin, Barbash, & Gilliom, 1998 [124]; [c
USE PA, 2001 [239]; [d] USE PA, 2001 [247]; [e] US EPA, 2003 [186]; a:
cited in USE PA, 2001 [181]

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-565

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metribuzin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWandOST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0013

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Christenson &
Wahle, 1993

increased thyroid and liver weights, thyroid follicular cell hyperplasia,
decreased body weight and body weight gains

general population

33.8

7.69

[386]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OPP 2017











[3861



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

5

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.01

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.03

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.01

mg/L

MN DOH



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.07

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.08

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.01

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0042658

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.63

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.056

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2200

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

250

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

7.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

70

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

3.22

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Sub chronic LOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

1.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



A-566

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metribuzin

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

13,512

1

Sites

0.01

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,379

606

Sites

5.33

0.001

0.02

0.17

15.6

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,318

466

Sites

20

0.001

0.0205

0.17

15.6

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,062

140

Sites

1.54

0.002

0.013

0.204

3.69

us/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

5,804,692

2016

Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

8

15,725

Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

182

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

822

1

Sites

0.12

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

822

1

Sites

0.12

0.05

0.085

0.223

0.28

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

15

3

Sites

20

0.0107

0.257

1.63

3.76

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2,171

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

78

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

997

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

92

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

965

151

Sites

16

0.0018

0.0319

0.146

6.7

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,126

43

Sites

1.38

0.002

0.0105

0.0286

0.319

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

4,090

194

Sites

4.74

0.0018

0.028

0.139

6.7

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

226

3

Sites

1.33

0.0107

0.106

2.4

29.742

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

9

3

Sites

33

0.0107

0.106

2.4

29.742

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,320

27

Sites

2.05

0.006

0.012

0.0394

0.182

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0159

0.0184

0.436

0.541

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

4

Sites

0.58

0.0038

0.292

0.628

0.651

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude

































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mgAg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000012





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.7541

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

299.501

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000949

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00612378

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00851138

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.56621

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.17E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.70267

no units



A-567

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Metribuzin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

124

Kolpin, D.W., J.E. Barbash, and R.J. Gilliom. 1998. Occurrence of Pesticides in Shallow Groundwater of the United States: Initial Results from the National Water Quality Assessment Program. Env. Sci.
Tech. 32:558-566.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

181

USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Metribuzin. EPA 815 R-01-010.

184

USEPA. 1998. R.E.D. Facts: Metribuzin. EPA Report 738-F-96-006. 7 pp. Available on the Internet at: http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrdl/REDs/ Last modified: 8/29/2000.

186

USEPA. 2003. Health Effects Support Document for Metribuzin. Office of Water. EPA Report822-R-03-004. February 2003. 84 pp.

239

USEPA. 2001. Analysis of National Occurrence of the 1998 Contaminant Candidate List Regulatory Determination Priority Contaminants in Public Water Systems. Office of Water. EPA report 815-D-01-
002. 77 pp.

247

USEPA. 2001. Occurrence of Unregulated Contaminants in Public Water Systems: An Initial Assessment. Office of Water. EPA report 815-P-00-001. Office of Water. 50 pp.

386

USEPA. 2017. Metribuzin: Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0487-0022. DP No. D432005. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-568

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Molybdenum

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Molybdenum

CASRN:

7439-98-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID1024207

Use:

Use data for molybdenum trioxide: As steel alloy;
chemical reagent; naturally-occurring

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

10

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

30

increased uric acid levels

general population

IRIS

1992



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

7.5

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-569

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Molybdenum

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.07

mg/L

WHO 2011

Chappell et
al. 1979

altered urinary levels of molybdenum and copper, altered serum levels of
uric acid and ceruloplasmin

general population

33.8

414

[442]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.005

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1992

Koval'skiy et
al., 1961

increased uric acid levels

general population

33.8

29.6

[215]



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Endocrine, Immune, Neurological

5

Murray 2019

Reproductive, Renal,

40

Murray 2019

2016-04-01

2020-02-13

1086

2

34

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.08

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.0004

mg/mA3

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.04

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

A-570

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Molybdenum

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

4,922

2,546

Sites

52

1

2.4

7.5

196





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

77

Sites

7.79

6

10

32

181





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.709

5.849

Sites

76

0.01

1.57

8.95

4730





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

471

287

Sites

61

0.1

2.23

10

157





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

7.238

5.562

Sites

77

0.01

1.33

8.28

4730

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

81

57

Sites

70

0.011

2.58

7.1

55

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

21

Sites

81

0.09

0.65

2.1

10.58

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

2

NA

Sites





16

31



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

173

127

Sites

73

0.11

3.27

10

230

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,379

1,188

Sites

86

0.01

0.602

4.09

1137

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

6,146

5,571

Sites

91

0.01

1.76

11

28000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

7,514

6,751

Sites

90

0.01

1.02

7.1

28000

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

757

658

Sites

87

0.014

0.544

7

110

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

107

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-571

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Molybdenum

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

178

USE PA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

215

USEPA. 1992. Chemical Assessment Summary, Molybdenum. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

442

WHO. 2011. Molybdenum in Drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

A-572

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Morphine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Morphine

CASRN:

57-27-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID9023336

Use:

narcotic analgesic

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.8

lowest therapeutic dose:severe pain
management

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.07293

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NWIS

2008-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-573

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Morphine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000125

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Actavis
Pharma,
Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose:severe pain management

bottle-fed infants

151

0.830

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic Dose/3000x
UF) is used in place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved drug

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000125

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Actavis
Pharma,
Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose:severe pain management

general population

33.8

2.90

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic Dose/3000x
UF) is used in place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved drug

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies passed full-
text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Maximum Recommended Daily Dose

1.67

mg/kg/day

FDA



Screening level for pharmaceutical -

0.002941176

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



general population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.000833333

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

335

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

745

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0007345

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.366

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.915

no units

TEST QSAR



A-574

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Morphine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

557

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

75

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

482

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Furlong et al 2017 (Finished) [83]

2007 - 2012

NA

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

205

6

Sites

2.93

0.00224

0.0189

0.0729

0.185

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

401

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

606

6

Sites

0.99

0.00224

0.0189

0.0729

0.185

ug/L



Furlong et al 2017 (Ambient) [83]

2007 - 2012

NA

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

7

Sites

18

0.0057436

0.0152

0.0868

0.1145373

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

13

Sites

62

0.0086904

0.0583

0.547

0.5896521

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

25.9487

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

385.353

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

430.461

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.04E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.4E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000940938

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00465586

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

52.5833

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

71.2853

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.9E-11

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioningcoeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.06081

no units



A-575

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Morphine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

83

Furlong, E.T., Batt, A.L., Glassmeyer, S.T., Noriega, M.C., Kolpin, D.W., Mash, H., Schenck, K.M. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States: Pharmaceuticals. Science of The Total Environment. 579 (1629-1642).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-576

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Morphine-3-Glucuronide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Mo rph in e-3-G lu cu ron id e

CASRN:

20290-09-9

DTXSID:

DTXSID80174157

Use:

Central Nervous System Stimulants

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude











Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date











PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-577

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Morphine-3-GIucuronide
CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

I Value I

Measured Data and Assessment Results

I

I

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-578

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Morphine-3-Glucuronide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR







Boiling point

OPERA QSAR







Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR







Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR







Solubility in water

TEST QSAR







Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR







Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR







0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR







A-579

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Morphine-3-Glucuronide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference





A-580

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Myclobutanil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Myclobutanil

CASRN:

88671-89-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID8024315

Use:

Fungicide used on fruit

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

decreased testicular weights and increased
testicular atrophy

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.04

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.0004

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-581

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Myclobutanil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.025

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Wolfe 1993;
Shellenberger
etal. 1986

decreased testicular weights and increased testicular atrophy

general population

33.8

148

[421]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2019











[4211



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

20

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.6

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.16

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.16

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from



Population-Ad justed Dose (PAD)

0.025

mg/kg/dav

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element | Value | Units | Source | Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1600

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

2290

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

393.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

9.8400002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

93.77

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

13.57

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

150

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0057677

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.709

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.554

no units

TEST QSAR



A-582

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Myclobutanil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,941

170

Sites

3.44

0.00033

0.011

0.04

0.668





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

581

150

Sites

26

0.00033

0.011

0.04

0.668





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

4.360

20

Sites

0.46

0.00468

0.012

0.0346

0.266















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

40

103,368

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

6

0.98

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

2

Sites

12

0.0027

0.0188

0.0188

0.0188

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

903

106

Sites

12

0.00092

0.013

0.309

24

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,510

10

Sites

0.4

0.008

0.0127

0.0822

0.146

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,412

116

Sites

3.4

0.00092

0.013

0.282

24

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

6

Sites

2.62

0.0027

0.0188

0.083

0.083

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

2

Sites

0.91

0.004828

0.0439

0.0752

0.083

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

4

Sites

33

0.0027

0.0188

0.083

0.083

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

24

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.0497

0.161

0.251

0.273

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

3

Sites

0.43

0.0061

0.0098

0.0116

0.012

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.75E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35213

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

337.658

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

396.923

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000101

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000126

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000735975

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000383

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

33.7291

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

103.514

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000439

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.98801

no units



A-583

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Myclobutanil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

421

USEPA. 2019. Myclobutanil: Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. E PA-HQ-OPP-2015-0053-0018. DP No. D448816. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-584

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

N^N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)

CASRN:

134-62-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID2021995

Use:

Broad-spectrum insect re pel la nt

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





10

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.22

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-585

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWandOST

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

mg/kg/day

EPA. 1989. [EPA
memorandum
007645 from
Whang Phang,
Subject: Review of
a two-generation
reproduction on
DEET, dated 13
December 1989]

reduced body weight in F1 and F2 male and female pups on lactation
day 21

lactating women

[35]

[331]

NOTE: There is no HRL for
DEET because there are no
toxicity values provided in
the OPP assessment. The
document states "no dietary
or occupational exposures
are anticipated, residential
and aggregate were not risks
of concern due to the lack of
hazard." An ATSDR
Toxicological Profile exists for
this compound. See entry in
"other qualifying
information"

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1584

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

1950

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.51

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

304

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

61

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0091411

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.042

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.57

no units

TEST QSAR



A-586

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

N,N-Dietiiyl-m-toluamide (DEET)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

538

114

Sites

21

0.01

0.06

0.22

2.2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

60

43

Sites

72

0.01

0.07

0.24

2.2





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

478

71

Sites

15

0.01

0.02

0.094

0.29

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009-2010

8

8

Samples

100

5e-07 +/- le-07

1.19e-05



2.4e-05 +/- 8.2e-
06

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

1

Sites

100

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

710

522

Sites

74

0.01

0.05

0.22

5.07

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

683

244

Sites

36

0.01

0.03

0.358

7.9

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,393

766

Sites

55

0.01

0.05

0.23

7.9

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

26

12

Sites

46

0.0106

0.146

0.473

0.912

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.098



0.098

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

22

Sites

58

0.0035

0.0311

0.0899

0.119

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009-2010

8

8

Samples

100

2.33e-05 +/- 3e-
06

0.0001224



0.0002557 +/-
6.25e-05

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

17

Sites

81

0.085

0.195

0.449

1

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000017





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

< LOD

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35701

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

287.874

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

307.376

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0019251

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00031989

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00200679

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0209894

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.31548

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

10.3276

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000145

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.25645

no units



A-587

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

35

ATSDR. 2017. Toxicological Profile for DEET (N,N-Diethyl-Meta-Toluamide). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

331

USEPA. 2014. DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide). Revised Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0162-0003. DP No. D413872. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-588

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Naled

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID1024209

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

3

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

brain chol in esterase inhibition

general population

OPP

2009



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1972

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-589

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Naled

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.002

mg/kg/day

OPP 2006

Bath am et
a 1.1984

brain cholinesterase inhibition

general population

33.8

11.8

[266]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2006











[2661



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.07

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.01

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.01

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.002

mg/kg/day

EPA H HBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

430

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

92

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

40

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

24.11

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0002851

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.559

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-590

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Naled

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.698

4

Sites

0.24

0.004

0.0221

0.197

0.367





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

3

Sites

0.93

0.004

0.0173

0.0253

0.0274





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.376

1

Sites

0.07

0.367

0.367

0.367

0.367

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

6

293,220

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

1

10



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

299

2

Sites

0.67

0.0578

0.0595

0.0605

0.0612

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

827

2

Sites

0.24

0.0578

0.0595

0.0605

0.0612

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

2,547

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000122



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.13863

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

275.202

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

291.332

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000367639

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0069024

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00699769

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00360579

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.99441

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

5.90201

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000793

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.56699

no units



A-591

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Naled

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

266

USEPA. 2006. Finalization of Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (IREDs) and Interim Tolerance Reassessment and Risk Management Decisions (TREDs) for the Organophosphate Pesticides, and
Completion of the Tolerance Reassessment and Reregistration Eligibility Process for the Organophosphate Pesticides. Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Naled. EPA-HQ-OPP-2002-0307-0002.
EPA 738-R-02-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

301

USEPA. 2009. Naled. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0053-0005. DP No. D356244. Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-592

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Naphthalene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Naphthalene

CASRN:

91-20-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID8020913

Use:

Former pesticide; chemical intermediate; moth
repellant

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

7

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

600

decreases in body weights and body weight
gains, renal effects

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

7.4

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM1

1988-1992

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



Naphthalene regulation does not represent a meaningful opportunity
for health risk reduction in persons served by public water systems.
While there is evidence that naphthalene may cause adverse health
effects in humans at high doses, specifically hemolytic anemia [a,b], it

likely that it will occur in drinking water at frequencies or
con cent rations that are of public health concern. The UCM Round 2
survey data estimates only 0.002% of the population served by PWS
e exposed to concentrations greater than the HRL and no
posures at concentrations greater than an HRLof 140 pg/L [c].

iidron & Leu rer, 1956 [84]; [b] ATSDR, 1995 [3]; [
[232]; as cited in USE PA, 2001 [182]

] US EPA, 1999

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-593

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Naphthalene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

N TP 1980

decreases in body weights and renal effects

general population

33.8

592

[4051



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.5

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.07

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.07

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.6

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Benchmark

0.017

mg/L

CalEPAOEHHA Chemical Database



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.12

(mg/kg/day) A-1

CalEPAOEHHA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.07

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.0007

ppm

CDC ATSDR



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.000034

ug/mA3

CalEPAOEHHA Chemical Database



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.6

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.1

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Reference Concentration (RfC)

0.003

mg/mA3

EPA IRIS



Reference Concentration (RfC)

9

ug/mA3

CalEPAOEHHA Chemical Database



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.07

mg/L

MN DOH



Cancer Classification (CC)

2B

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice SE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice NE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats NT

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats P

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2600

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

490

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in

2.54

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0109648

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.01

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.32

no units

TEST QSAR



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-594

-------
EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Naphthalene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scorin£Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

22,923

173

Sites

0.75

0.07

0.73

3.08

90

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-St ate (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992

13,452

159

Sites

1.18

0.03

1

7.4

906

ug/L



National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

7,850

68

Sites

0.87

0.008

0.2

1.02

70

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

310

30

Sites

9.68

0.008

0.1

0.3

1.12

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

7,540

38

Sites

0.5

0.048

0.42

5.69

70

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

49

2,359,983



Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

100M - 250M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

366

3

Sites

0.82

0.003

0.0105

0.93

7

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

887

14

Sites

1.58

0.5

1.3

2.03

3.1

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

1,188

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

3,888

21

Sites

0.54

0.001

0.565

3.21

5.8

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

131

5

Sites

3.82

0.5

1.2

2.58

4.5

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

15

1

Sites

6.67

1.08

1.16

1.23

1.25

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

1,665

2

Sites

0.12

0.66

34.4

35.8

36

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

101

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

978

159

Sites

16

0.008

0.02

0.07

6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

4,211

87

Sites

2.07

0.007

0.096

43.4

16000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

5,186

246

Sites

4.74

0.007

0.0205

0.282

16000

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0162

0.025

0.0277

0.0284

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Unfiltered) [7]

2012 - 2013

685

1

Sites

0.15

0.78

0.78

0.78

0.78

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

2

Sites

9.52

0.021

0.025

0.0282

0.029

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000737



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

5.12244

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

221.854

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

233.31

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0632206

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.057544

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000165649

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00030903

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

89.6573

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

244.67

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000415844

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioningcoeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.32388

no units



A-595

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Naphthalene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

3

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1995. Toxicological Profile for Naphthalene (Update). Atlanta: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 200pp.

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

84

Gidron, E. and J. Leurer. 1956. Naphthalene Poisoning. Lancet. 4:228-230 (as cited in ATSDR, 1995).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

182

USE PA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Naphthalene. EPA 815 R-01-008.

232

USEPA. 1999. A Review of Contaminant Occurrence in Public Water Systems. Office of Water. EPA Report 816-R-99-006. 78 pp.

405

USEPA. 2018. Naphthalene: Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0113-0018. DP No. D440842. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemica
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-596

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Nicotine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Nicotine

CASRN:

54-11-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID1020930

Use:

Restricted use pesticide; component in cigarettes

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors

X

Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

8

non-cancer effects

10

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.2

lowest therapeutic dose: smoking
cessation/reduceswithdrawalsymptoms,
including nicotine craving associated with
quitting smoking

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1566

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-597

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Nicotine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000025

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Wal-Mart
Stores Inc

lowest therapeutic dose:smoking cessation/reduces withdrawal
symptoms, including nicotine craving associated with quitting smoking

bottle-fed infants

151

0.170

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000025

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Wal-Mart
Stores Inc

lowest therapeutic dose:smoking cessation/reduces withdrawal
symptoms, including nicotine craving associated with quitting smoking

general population

33.8

0.590

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.000588235

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.000166667

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

188

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

24

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assavs tested

2.39

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0053088

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.047

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.645

no units

TEST QSAR



A-598

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Nicotine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

127

Sites

23

0.00295

0.0258

0.157

1.71





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

64

Sites

85

0.00314

0.0381

0.21

1.71





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

63

Sites

13

0.00295

0.0141

0.0465

0.0991















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

14

684,575

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

3

Sites

12

0.0226154

0.0229

0.0795

0.0935951

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.011

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

202

143

Sites

71

0.00391

0.0358

0.152

14.6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

67

Sites

17

0.00297

0.0181

0.0579

0.337

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

603

210

Sites

35

0.00297

0.033

0.127

14.6

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

11

Sites

29

0.0034862

0.0586

0.272

0.3776463

ug/L



IL EPA(2008) via Uslu etal. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.059

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

5

Sites

24

0.0346125

0.0664

0.103

0.1070941

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000708





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.36018

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

250.979

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

244.899

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.018167

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.02208

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

4.52635

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0799834

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

6.524

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

11.995

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000666

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.23608

no units



A-599

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Nicotine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

433

Uslu, M., Jasim, S., Arvai, A., Bewtra, J. and Biswas, N., 2013. A Survey of Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Substances in the Great Lakes Basin. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 35(4),
pp.249-262.

A-600

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Nonylphenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Nonylphenol

CASRN:

25154-52-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID3021857

Use:

In the preparation of lubricating oil additives, resins,
plasticizers, surface active agents; antioxidants for
plastics and rubber

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

9

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

30

renal mineralization

general population

MDH

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

4.4

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-601

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Nonylphenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0049

mg/kg/day

MDH 2015

NTP,
1997/Chapi
n, 1999

Renal Mineralization

general population

33.8

29.0

[136]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Metabolic, Systemic

0.00002

Yu, 2018

Endocrine

456

Masutomi, 2004



2020-01-28

2685

64

16

50

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH





LD50

1600

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH





LD50

1620

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.04

mg/L

MN DOH





Percent of active toxcast in

26.88

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard

min

Value











vitro assays tested



















Percent of active toxcast in

38.23

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0116681

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.104

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.533

no units

TEST QSAR



A-602

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Nonylphenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

567

45

Sites

7.94

0.3

1.85

4.4

13





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

43

Sites

49

0.3

1.85

4.4

13





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

479

2

Sites

0.42

1.5

2.35

2.86

3.2

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

24

42,754

Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

100M - 250M

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009-2010

8

8

Samples

100

1.24e-05 +/-
5.3e-06

1.95e-05



6.06e-05 +/-
1.92e-05

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

10

Sites

26

0.105

0.278

0.448

0.461

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009-2010

8

8

Samples

100

5.34e-05 +/-
5.8e-06

8.32e-05



0.0001856 +/-
2e-05

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

17

Sites

81

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000872



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.94705

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

269.167

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

316.679

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00114475

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000034

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000344

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000575

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

431.548

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

96.8278

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000106

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.68641

no units



A-603

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Nonylphenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

136

MDH. 2015. Toxicological Summary for p-Nonylphenol, branched isomers. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-604

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Norflurazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID8024234

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

9

increased incidence of thyroid
co No id/vacuoles and epithelial
desquamation, increased liver weight, ALP,
and cholesterol in males

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.44

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-605

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Norflurazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0015

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Klotzsche
etal. 1973

increased incidence of thyroid colloid/vacuoles and epithelial
desquamation, increased liver weight, ALP, and cholesterol in males

general population

33.8

8.88

[387]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2017











[3871



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.8

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.03

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.096

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.096

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Ad justed Dose (PAD)

0.015

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

8000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

102.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

4.77

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1.58

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

81.7

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

7.86

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0101391

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.227

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.941

no units

TEST QSAR



A-606

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Norflurazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.803

217

Sites

2.78

0.00025

0.021

0.44

26.5





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.222

107

Sites

8.76

0.00025

0.02

0.36

7.3





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.581

110

Sites

1.67

0.00029

0.042

1.06

26.5

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

19

202,807

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

2

Sites

12

0.0313

0.0313

0.0928

0.096

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

4

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

475

21

Sites

4.42

0.00035

0.00798

0.155

0.53

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,056

19

Sites

1.8

3.00E - 04

0.03

0.828

1.49

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,531

40

Sites

2.61

3.00E - 04

0.02

0.53

1.49

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

9

Sites

3.93

0.007992

0.0313

0.0992

0.352

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

6

Sites

2.74

0.007992

0.0248

0.222

0.352

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

3

Sites

25

0.0313

0.0313

0.09

0.132

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,090

125

Sites

11

0.05

0.13

0.424

1.49

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.0137

0.0206

0.026

0.0274

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

12

Sites

1.74

3e-04

0.00195

0.045

0.0563

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000108





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54354

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

329.74

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

355.301

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00016561

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000708

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000311995

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000906

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

22.9102

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.18E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.43139

no units



A-607

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Norflurazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

387

USEPA. 2017. Norflurazon: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0565-0025. DP No. D432685. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-608

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

o-Toluidine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

o-Toluidine

CASRN:

95-53-4

DTXSID:

DTXSID1026164

Use:

Intermediate in the manufacture of dyes, rubber,
pharmaceuticals and pesticides

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

8

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2

subcutaneous fibromas and fibrosarcomas

general population

PPRTV

2012



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.06164

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-609

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

o-Toluidine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.016

(mg/kg/day)A-l

PPRTV 2012

Weisburger
eta 1.1978

subcutaneous fibromas and fibromasarcomas in males

general population

33.8

1.85

[328]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



PPRTV 2012











[328]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Systemic

226.6

Toyoda, 2019

Renal

226.6

Toyoda, 2019

2011-12-01

2020-04-06

73

1

5

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

1

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.18

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR)

0.000051

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

300

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

940

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

1.47

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0067298

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.335

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.559

no units

TEST QSAR



A-610

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

o-Toluidine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.678

67

Sites

1.82

0.007

0.012

0.0616

0.38





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

10

6,328



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

50M - 100M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

21

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

15

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

36

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000421





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.81183

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

212.346

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

206.895

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.177328

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.134586

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.182954

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0475335

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4.90019

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

6.54636

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000019

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.4043

no units



A-611

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

o-Toluidine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

328

USEPA. 2012. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for o-Toluidine. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-612

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Oxadiazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID3024239

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.4

increase in liver adenomas and/or
carcinomas combined in males

general population

OPP

2014



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

46.3



EDWCSW Chronic

OPP

2020

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-613

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Oxadiazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0711

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2014

Shirasu
1987

increase in liver adenomas and/or carcinomas combined in males

general population

33.8

0.416

[333]

NOTE: a non-cancer toxicity
value was not provided in
this assessment because
there are no food or feed
uses of oxadiazon

Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2014











[333]

NOTE: a non-cancer toxicity
value was not provided in
this assessment because
there are no food or feed
uses of oxadiazon

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

180

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

3.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.44

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

60

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

21.59

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database





Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0017989

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.434

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.874

no units

TEST QSAR



A-614

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Oxadiazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

1

1,328

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

5

58



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

1

Sites

6.67

0.025

0.0945

0.15

0.164

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

57

11

Sites

19

0.0047

0.0218

0.248

1.53

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

57

11

Sites

19

0.0047

0.0218

0.248

1.53

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

120

1

Sites

0.83

0.086

0.086

0.086

0.086

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

113

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

1

Sites

12

0.086

0.086

0.086

0.086

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

3,008

1,250

Sites

42

8e-07

0.000202

0.0191

2.6219

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water, Chronic (cancer)

2020

OPP

46.3

ug/L

Pesticide in Water Calculator
(PWC), vl.52

The modeled surface water chronic, cancer concentration provided by the most recent available EPA OPP exposure assessment was
selected as the occurrence concentration for oxadiazon. This value coincides with the critical effects of liver adenomas and
carcinomas provided within the health effects report.

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000141



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.7926

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

343.796

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

356.765

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000128

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

8.81E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000508

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000867

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1204.35

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

94.189

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.72E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.67306

no units



A-615

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Oxadiazon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

333

USEPA. 2014. Oxadiazon. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0782-0004. DP No. D420616. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-616

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Oxyfluorfen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Oxyfluorfen

CASRN:

42874-03-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID7024241

Use:

Pesticide; herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

2

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.4

hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.2415

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-617

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Oxyfluorfen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Goldenthal
and Wazeter
1977

multiple signs of liver toxicity

general population

33.8

237

[422]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0732

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2019

Goldenthal &
Wazeter 1977

hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas

general population

33.8

0.404

[422]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2019











[422]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0732

(mg/kg/day) A-1

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.2

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.000437

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.2

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from
USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.000437

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from
USGS



Population-Ad justed Dose (PAD)

0.03

mg/kg/dav

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LOAEL

18.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

183

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

3.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

36.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

13.39

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

51.400002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

585

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

150.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

18

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0087498

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.253

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.864

no units

TEST QSAR



A-618

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Oxyfluorfen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.649

6

Sites

0.16

0.053

0.0717

0.242

0.38





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4.284

24

Sites

0.56

0.001

0.011

0.045

0.852





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

406

22

Sites

5.42

0.001

0.011

0.0442

0.605





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.878

2

Sites

0.05

0.002

0.427

0.682

0.852

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

29

969,226

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

5

3,643



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

759

28

Sites

3.69

0.001

0.0447

0.188

4.27

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,453

1

Sites

0.07

0.008

0.008

0.008

0.008

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,211

29

Sites

1.31

0.001

0.0426

0.183

4.27

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,939

208

Sites

11

0.0038

0.0995

0.481

9.23

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.00147

0.00482

0.0487

0.0864

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000013





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54009

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

358.749

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

366.917

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000254

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000226

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000308

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000334

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

12909

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

320.627

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000347

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.70955

no units



A-619

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Oxyfluorfen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

422

USEPA. 2019. Oxyfluorfen: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0778-0025. DP No. D445742. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-620

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

p^p'-DDE

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

p,p'-DDE

CASRN:

72-55-9

DTXSID:

DTXSID9020374

Use:

Product of degradation of DDT

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.09

hepatocellular carcinomas, hepatomas;
increased incidence of livertumors including
carcinomas in two strains of mice and in
hamsters and of thyroid tumors in female
rats by diet

general population

IRIS

1988



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

3

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR1

2001 - 2003

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



DDE appears to occur infrequently at levels of concern in PWSs. DDE
¦as detected in only one of the PWSs monitored under the UCMR lat
level greater than the MRL(0.8 pg/L) [a]. The MRL is greater than the
HRLof 0.2 pg/L but represents a concentration that is within the 10-4
the 10-6 cancer risk range targeted by EPA [b]. In addition, ambient
iter data from the USGS indicate that the maximum concentrations
detected in surface and ground water were less than the HRL [c,d].

USE PA, 2008 [297]; [b] US EPA, 2000 [238]; [c] Martin, Crawford, &
son, 2003 [134]; [d] Kolpin & Martin, 2003 [123]; as cited in USE PA,
2008 [296]

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-621

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

p,p'-DDE

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

1

mg/kg/day

PPRTV 2017

Yamasaki
etal., 2009

increased relative liver weight in adult male offspring exposed
during gestation and via lactation

bottle-fed infants

151

1320

[391]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.34

(mg/kg/day)A-l

IRIS 1988

Rossi et al.
1983; NCI

1978;
Tomatis et
al. 1974

"hepatocellular carcinomas, hepatomas"; "increased incidence of
liver tumors including carcinomas in two strains of mice and in
hamsters and of thyroid tumors in female rats by diet."

general population

33.8

0.0870

[200]

NOTE: the 2017 PPRTV assessment
declines to derive a cancer slope
factor for DDE because a
carcinogenicity assessment is
available on IRIS

Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



IRIS 1988











[200]

NOTE: the 2017 PPRTV assessment
declines to derive a cancer slope
factor for DDE because a
carcinogenicity assessment is

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (m L/kg-

CCL Screening Level
("g/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Titie-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies passed
full-text review







Metabolic, Svstemic

0.834

Mvrmel.2016

2016-09-01

2019-10-22

563

10

112

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.34

(mg/kg/day)A-l

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0001

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality
Criteria

0.000000018

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Inhalation Unit Risk(IUR)

0.000097

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.0003

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice P

no units

HHS NTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation forthe critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.001219

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.248

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.419

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

700

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

880

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

28.17

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

119

mg/kg/dav

NIH CPDB

max

TD50

7.48

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

A-622

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

p,p'-DDE

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

3.874

1

Sites

0.03

3

3

3

3





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

8.246

458

Sites

5.55

0

0.002

0.01

0.062





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.836

251

Sites

14

0

0.003

0.011

0.062





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.411

207

Sites

3.23

0

0.001

0.003

0.008

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

47

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

294

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

464

21

Sites

4.53

4.00E - 04

0.00466

0.0162

0.068

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

886

12

Sites

1.35

0.001

0.003

0.0446

0.08

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,350

33

Sites

2.44

4.00E - 04

0.0046

0.0261

0.08

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

8

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

6

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

600

47

Sites

7.83

0.003

0.01

0.0428

0.57

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

5

Sites

13

0.000848

0.0032

0.0159

0.0238

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



9.84E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)

1170

ng/g



NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

13.4608

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

338.523

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

360.317

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000416

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000353

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000159

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000262

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

12264.3

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

17298.2

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000268

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.45816

no units



A-623

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

p,p'-DDE

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

123

Kolpin, D.W. and J.D. Martin. 2003. Pesticides in Ground Water: Summary Statistics; Preliminary Results from Cycle 1 of the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), 1992-2001. Available
on the Internet at: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/pnsp/pestgw/Pest-GW_2001_Text.html.

134

Martin, J.D., C.G. Crawford, and S.J. Larson. 2003. Pesticides in Streams: Summary Statistics; Preliminary Results from Cycle 1 of the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), 1992-2001.
Available on the Internet at: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/pnsp/pestsw/Pest-SW_2001_Text.html.

200

USEPA. 1988. p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE); CASRN 72-55-9. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, DC.

238

USEPA. 2000. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation Analytical Methods and Quality Control Manual. EPA 815-R-00-006.

296

USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

297

391

USEPA. 2017. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) (CASRN 72-55-9). EPA/690/R-17/007. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-624

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

p-Cresol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

p-Cresol

CASRN:

106-44-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID7021869

Use:

Chemical intermediate making synthetic resins; in
disinfectants and fumigants; as industrial solvent.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

neurotoxicity and mortality in pregnant
rabbits

women of
child bearing age

PPRTV

2010



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.181

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-625

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

p-Cresol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

ng/kg/day

neurotoxicity and mortality in pregnant rabbits

women of childbearing
age

NOTE: Though the critical effects
in this study are not reproductive
or developmental effects, they
were observed in a study of
pregnant rabbits. The
assessment notes that no chronic
studies were available to
calculate a chronic duration RfD.
Given the data gaps in non-
pregnant adult animals, we make
the conservative assumption that
the effects observed in the 2-gen
study are pregnancy related. For
this reason we use the exposure
factors for n/nman of	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2009-09-01

2019-12-17

433

0

9



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.003

mg/L

MN DOH



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.02

mg/kg/dav

EPA PPRTV



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

1800

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

207

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

1.59

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0048306

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.06

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.214

no units

TEST QSAR



A-626

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

p-Cresol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

566

45

Sites

7.95

0.01

0.03

0.181

73





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

37

Sites

42

0.01

0.04

0.177

73





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

478

8

Sites

1.67

0.01

0.02

0.078

0.19

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

8

421,441



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

50M - 100M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

722

305

Sites

42

0.01

0.03

0.186

91.1

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

771

52

Sites

6.74

0.01

0.05

0.47

11.6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,493

357

Sites

24

0.01

0.03

0.19

91.1

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

21

Sites

55

0.0086

0.0219

0.0391

0.135

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

13

Sites

62

0.046

0.3

1.1

1.2

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000396





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

5.33885

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

200.232

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

185.666

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0992564

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.21677

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.168658

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.141579

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

15.2284

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

9.39723

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000807

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.94663

no units



A-627

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

p-Cresol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

315

USEPA. 2010. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 4-Methylphenol (p-Cresol) (CASRN 106-44-5). EPA/690/R-10/019F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and
Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-628

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pendimethalin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Pendimethalin

CASRN:

40487-42-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID7024245

Use:

Selective herbicide for control of broad leaf weeds and
grassy weed species

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2000

hormonal and histopat ho logical changes in
the thyroid

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.088

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-629

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pendimethalin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.3

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Fischer
1991 and

1993;
Devito and
Bra verm an
1993

hormonal and histopathological changes in the thyroid

women of child bearing age

35.4

1690

[423]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2019











[4231



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

7

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

1

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

2

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.02

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Health-Based Screening Level

2

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1050

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

51

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

622.09998

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

46

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

78.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

15.43

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0067453

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.117

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.948

no units

TEST QSAR



A-630

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pendimethalin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,234

412

Sites

3.67

2.00E - 04

0.019

0.088

42

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,224

387

Sites

17

2.00E - 04

0.019

0.0871

42

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,010

25

Sites

0.28

7.00E - 04

0.0185

0.107

0.824

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

17,968,965

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

11

5,858



Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

15

2

Sites

13

0.007492

0.008

0.0664

0.076

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,006

109

Sites

11

0.001

0.024

0.118

2.46

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,066

2

Sites

0.07

0.011

0.0175

0.0384

0.048

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

4,071

111

Sites

2.73

0.001

0.024

0.115

2.46

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

225

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

8

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

4,405

416

Sites

9.44

0.005

0.191

1.28

8.35

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

13

Sites

34

0.000319

0.0039

0.0301

0.578

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

4

Sites

0.58

7e-04

0.00145

0.00437

0.0056

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































lA/osfe Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expo cast exposure



1.66E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53725

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

330.972

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

363.278

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000268

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000621

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000164

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000984

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

979.509

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

59.5662

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000168

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.0582

no units



A-631

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pendimethalin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

423

USEPA. 2019. Pendimethalin - Human Health Risk Assessment to Support the Proposed New Uses on Leaf Petiole Vegetable Subgroup 22B, Monarda and Rosemary. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0619-0008. DP
No. D448588. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-632

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Permethrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID8022292

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

4

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

3

lung adenomas and/or carcinomas in female

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1558

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-633

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Permethrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.147

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Wolansky et
al., 2006

reduced motor activity

bottle-fed infants

151

195

[388]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.009567

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2017

Ellison,
1979;
Barton,
2000

lung adenomas and/or carcinomas in female mice

general population

33.8

3.09

[388]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2017











[388]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

1.7

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.3

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Acute PAD

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.009567

(mg/kg/day) A-1

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

1.6

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.003344

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

1.6

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.003344

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.2

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.25

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

250

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

6000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

91.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

600

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

8.43

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0018578

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.272

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.816

no units

TEST QSAR



A-634

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Permetiirin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.649

10

Sites

0.27

0.04

0.054

0.156

0.212





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

14

2

Sites

14

0.0077

0.00885

0.00954

0.01





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

14

2

Sites

14

0.0077

0.00885

0.00954

0.01





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

45

604,727

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

9

20,106



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

3

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

9

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

140

5

Sites

3.57

0.0044

0.0053

0.0108

0.0146

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

143

5

Sites

3.5

0.0044

0.0053

0.0108

0.0146

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

6,049

452

Sites

7.47

0.000608

0.0169

0.113

180.9

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000002



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34923

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

401.477

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

412.391

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

3.02E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000001

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000627

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

5.13E-08

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

469.919

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

727.78

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.13E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.4075

no units



A-635

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Permethrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

388

USEPA. 2017. Permethrin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0039-0088. DP No. 414137. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-636

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenanthrene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Phenanthrene

CASRN:

85-01-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID6024254

Use:

Dyestuffs, explosives, synthesis of drugs, biochemical
research, manufacturing phenanthrenequinone.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





9

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.048

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-637

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenanthrene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1990











[208]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OW1991











[212]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



PPRTV 2009











[303]









ATSDR1995











[10]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2008-03-08

2020-03-16

2319

0

16



Other Health Data

Data Element

I Value

Units

1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

1 3

no units

IWHO IARC



I

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

700

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

5.92

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0089331

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.629

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.651

no units

TEST QSAR



A-638

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenanthrene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

593

39

Sites

6.58

0.003

0.014

0.048

0.13





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

101

29

Sites

29

0.003

0.0145

0.05

0.13





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

492

10

Sites

2.03

0.008

0.013

0.017

0.044















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

27

287,091

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

500K-1M

Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

28

1

Sites

3.57

0.001

0.002

0.002

0.002

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

481

0

Sites

0













Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

233

2

Sites

0.86

0.1

0.3

0.356

0.37

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

634

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

866

258

Sites

30

0.003

0.02

0.255

26.3

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,099

98

Sites

8.92

0.002

0.017

0.0818

140

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,965

356

Sites

18

0.002

0.02

0.24

140

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.0074

0.0176

0.0239

0.0241

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

2

Sites

9.52

0.0086

0.0087

0.00878

0.0088

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000121





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

63.7756

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

340.536

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

340.522

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000303

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000049

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000116

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000355

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2227.32

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

633.87

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000518

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.52256

no units



A-639

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenanthrene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

10

ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

208

USEPA. 1990. Chemical Assessment Summary, Phenanthrene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Protection, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

212

USEPA. 1991. Drinking Water Criteria Document for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental
Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH.

303

USEPA. 2009. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Phenanthrene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-640

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Phenol

CASRN:

108-95-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID5021124

Use:

Pestcide; chemical intermediate

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

reproductive and developmental effects

10

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

3000

reductions in mean fetal body weight per
litter

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.864

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-641

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.6

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Jones-Price
and Ledoux
1983

reductions in mean fetal body weight per litter

women of childbearingage

35.4

3390

[426]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



OPP 2019











[4261



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

6

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

1

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

4

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

4

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria forCWA



Lifetime Health Advisory

2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Reference Concentration (RfC)

200

ug/mA3

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

100

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

530

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

0.44

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

133

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

min

TD50

18500

mg/kg/day

NIHCPDB

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0046132

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.246

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.58

no units

TEST QSAR



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-642

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

462

98

Sites

21

0.08

0.34

0.864

12





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

93

43

Sites

46

0.09

0.29

0.652

12





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

369

55

Sites

15

0.08

0.41

1.16

2.5

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

44

5,965,893

Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1B-5B

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

7

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

34

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

833

183

Sites

22

0.02

0.14

0.888

54.3

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,018

85

Sites

8.35

0.03

0.15

1.06

35.7

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,851

268

Sites

14

0.02

0.14

1.04

54.3

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

4

Sites

11

0.0548

0.0674

0.13

0.151

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100

0.1

0.45

0.73

0.8

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

11

Sites

52

1

1.6

3.55

5.4

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000876





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.58026

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

187.496

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

176.783

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.256635

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.151356

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.647838

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.294442

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

16.2785

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

7.60326

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000495

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.57532

no units



A-643

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenol

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

426

USEPA. 2019. Registration Review Draft Risk Assessment for Phenol and Salts. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0810-0007. DP No. 453361. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-644

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenol, 4-( 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Ph e no 1, 4-( 1,1,3,3-tetra methy 1 buty 1 )-

CASRN:

140-66-9

DTXSID:

DTXSID9022360

Use:

Used in nonionic surfactants, plasticizers,
antioxidants, fuel oil stabilizer, intermediate for
resins,fungicides, bactericides, dyestuffs, adhesives,
rubber chemicals

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

70

decreased uterine weight, decreased pup
body weight, increased time to preputial
separation, decreased adult body weight

bottle-fed infants

MDH

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.099

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-645

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenol, 4-( 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-
CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.051

mg/kg/day

MDH 2015

Tyl etal.
1999

decreased uterine weight, decreased pup body weight, increased time to
preputial separation, decreased adult body weight

bottle-fed infants

151

67.6

[137]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Reproductive

0.0000275

Blake, 2004

Systemic

450

Bian, 2006



2020-04-07

538

17

6

12

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

3210

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

40.93

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0070146

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.049

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.75

no units

TEST QSAR



A-646

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenol, 4-( 1,1,3,3-tetram eth yi butyi )-
CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

567

38

Sites

6.7

0.01

0.04

0.099

0.59





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

22

Sites

25

0.01

0.02

0.12

0.19





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

479

16

Sites

3.34

0.02

0.05

0.09

0.59

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

50M - 100M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

717

61

Sites

8.51

0.01

0.1

0.1

1

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

689

29

Sites

4.21

0.01

0.25

1.32

42.6

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,406

90

Sites

6.4

0.01

0.1

0.2

42.6

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

8

Sites

21

0.0204

0.0374

0.286

0.355

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

14

Sites

67

0.1

0.19

0.223

0.23

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000755





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

0.2

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.08153

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

263.357

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

293.064

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00142088

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00156315

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000088

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000132434

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

344.461

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

139.637

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000786

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.86646

no units



A-647

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phenol, 4-(l,l,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

137

MDH. 2015. Toxicological Summary for: 4-tert-Octylphenol. Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Environmental Health Division, Health Risk Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-648

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phorate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Phorate

CASRN:

298-02-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID4032459

Use:

Insecticide used on corn, sugar beets, cotton,
brassicas, and coffee

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

3

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.2

red blood cell and brain cholinesterase
inhibition

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2006



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0848

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-649

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Ph orate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWandOST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00017

mg/kg/day

OPP 2006

Shellenberger
and Tegeris,
1987

red blood cell and brain cholinesterase inhibition

bottle-fed infants

151

0.225

[273]

NOTE: this compound is a
organophosphate pesticide.
EPA has created a cumulative
risk assessment regarding the
common mechanisms of
organophosphate
compounds.

Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2006











[273]

NOTE: this compound is a
organophosphate pesticide.
EPA has created a cumulative
risk assessment regarding the
common mechanisms of
organophosphate
compounds.

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAE L
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.005

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.0008

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.0011

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.0011

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.002

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.00017

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1.1

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

3.7

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

0.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

5.26

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

7.83E-06

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.017

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

-0.176

no units

TEST QSAR



A-650

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phorate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

11.241

24

Sites

0.21

0.002

0.012

0.0848

0.6





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.230

21

Sites

0.94

0.002

0.0125

0.082

0.6





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9.012

3

Sites

0.03

0.00317

0.006

0.147

0.208

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

19

945,534

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

1

Sites

5.88

0.078

0.078

0.078

0.078

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

1

Sites

0.44

0.062

0.062

0.062

0.062

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.062

0.062

0.062

0.062

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

11,178

13

Sites

0.12

0.016

0.075

0.129

0.22

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

1

Sites

0.14

0.0032

0.0032

0.0032

0.0032

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.23E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

139.463

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

285.229

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000319476

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000179473

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000199114

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000233346

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

71.5592

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

55.5904

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000156

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.43867

no units



A-651

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phorate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

273

USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Phorate. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0174-0003. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington,
D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-652

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phosmet

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID5024261

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

2

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.2

pup red blood cell acetylcholinesterase
inhibition

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.045

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-653

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phosmet

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00016

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Barnett
2009

pup red blood cell acetylcholinesterase inhibition

bottle-fed infants

151

0.212

[371]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2016











[3711



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.08

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.012

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.003

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.003

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Ad justed Dose (PAD)

0.0006

mg/kg/dav

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



LD50

160

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

26

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

6.25

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0001349

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.722

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.568

no units

TEST QSAR



A-654

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phosmet

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.376

4

Sites

0.12

0.006

0.0125

0.045

0.063





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

380

3

Sites

0.79

0.006

0.018

0.0495

0.063





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.996

1

Sites

0.03

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.007

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

40

844,617

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

569

2

Sites

0.35

0.017

0.0945

0.141

0.172

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,971

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

2,539

2

Sites

0.08

0.017

0.0945

0.141

0.172

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

119

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

111

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

8

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

9,749

7

Sites

0.07

0.0535

0.375

0.978

1.5

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

106

0

Sites

0













Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) (Ambient) [102]

2014

1

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



9.34E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

125.261

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

403.932

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000516

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000668

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000549

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000598

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.48955

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

9.18333

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

3.84E-10

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.89029

no units



A-655

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phosmet

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

102

https://webapps.usgs.gOv/rsqa/#l/region/SESQA

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

371

USEPA. 2016. Phosmet. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment to Support Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0316-0022. DP No. D420736. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-656

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phosphorus

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Phosphorus

CASRN:

7723-14-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID1024382

Use:

Former pesticide; chemical intermediate; as

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude



no adverse effects

10

10



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

300000

no adverse effects

pregnant women

IOM

1997



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

381

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-657

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phosphorus

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4000

mg/day

IOM 1997

There is no evidence that individuals consuming this intake may
experience adverse effects.

lactating women

2720

294000

[107]

NOTE: IOM identifies Upper
Tolerable Intake values for many
populations. The lowest UTI was
for pregnant women, which is the
group used for this CCL Screening
Level - this value is reported as
mg/day as opposed to mg/kg/day.
For this reason, the DWI for
pregnant women in units of
ml/day is used as opposed to the
intake in mg/kg/day.

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

3500

mg/day

IOM 1997

There is no evidence that individuals consuming this intake may
experience adverse effects.

pregnant women

2642

265000

[107]

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4000

mg/day

IOM 1997

metastatic calcification, skeletal porosity, interference with
calcium absorption

general population

2413

332000

[107]

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies passed
full-text review

Other Health Data

Data Element

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3.03

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

4.85

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Modeled Data

LD50

TEST QSAR

Ames mutagenicity test

TEST QSAR

Developmental toxin test

TEST QSAR

A-658

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phosphorus

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986

987

392

Sites

40

42

104

381

5546





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.889

185

Sites

4.76

3

92

680

10100





National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.278

165

Sites

13

3

92

681

10100





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.613

20

Sites

0.77

10

70

523

1400

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

250M - 500M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

68



200



700

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





380

380



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

2,063

466

Sites

23

1

61

399

15900

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,357

345

Sites

25

1

101

631

380000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

3,413

811

Sites

24

1

61

408

380000

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

88



70



220

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR







Boiling point

OPERA QSAR







Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR







Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR







Solubility in water

TEST QSAR







Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR







Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR







0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR







A-659

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phosphorus

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

107

IOM. 1997. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and
fluoride. Institute of Medicine (IOM), National Academy Press, Washington, DC.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

A-660

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phostebupirim

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Phostebupirim

CASRN:

96182-53-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID1032482

Use:

Insecticide used on corn

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

8

reproductive and developmental effects

8

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.03

plasma, red blood cell, and brain
cholinesterase inhibition

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2009



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.006258

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-661

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phostebupirim

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00002

mg/kg/day

OPP 2009

Porter et
al. 1991

plasma, red blood cell, and brain cholinesterase inhibition

bottle-fed infants

151

0.0265

[306]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2009











[3061



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.001

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.00017

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.0001

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.0001

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Ad justed Dose (PAD)

0.00002

mg/kg/dav

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element | Value | Units | Source | Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1.3

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

14

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

0.125

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

38.779999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.0175

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

5.32

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

18.87

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

3.5999999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.000278

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.032

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.634

no units

TEST QSAR



A-662

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phostebupirim

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.994

48

Sites

2.41

7.00E - 05

0.00144

0.00626

0.232





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

338

46

Sites

14

7.00E - 05

0.00143

0.00581

0.191





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.656

2

Sites

0.12

0.00029

0.222

0.229

0.232

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

19

296,550

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

359

15

Sites

4.18

0.00032

0.00141

0.241

0.266

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

887

15

Sites

1.69

0.00032

0.00141

0.241

0.266

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

225

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

1

Sites

0.17

3e-04

3e-04

3e-04

3e-04

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000109



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.75549

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

343.127

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000536

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000449

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000241

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000417

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

33.1025

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

174.582

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000466

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.53897

no units



A-663

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Phostebupirim

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

306

USEPA. 2009. Tebupirimphos (Phostebupirim) in/on Corn, field, pop, sweet. Health Effects Division (HED) Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0940-0010. DP No. D368530. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

A-664

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Piperonyl butoxide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Piperonyl butoxide

CASRN:

51-03-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID1021166

Use:

Synergist for the pyrethrins and related insecticides

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

900

decrease in body weight gain, and increases
in alkaline phosphatase activity, liver weight
and hepatocellular hypertrophy

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0202

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-665

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Piperonyl butoxide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.16

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Goldenthal
1993a and b

decrease in body weight pin, and increases in alkaline phosphatase
activity, liver weight and hepatocellular hypertrophy, decreased body
weight

general population

33.8

947

[389]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2017











[3891



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

42

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

6.3

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.992

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.992

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.155

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

11500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

2600

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

15.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

13.43

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



TD50

1180

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

TD50

7820

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0074131

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.08

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.43

no units

TEST QSAR



A-666

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Piperonyl butoxide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.891

115

Sites

6.08

1.00E - 04

0.0054

0.0202

0.369





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

324

107

Sites

33

1.00E - 04

0.00545

0.0202

0.369





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.567

8

Sites

0.51

0.0015

0.0023

0.0635

0.239

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

3

9,087

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

8

27



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

500K-1M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

11

1

Sites

9.09

0.095

0.095

0.095

0.095

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

555

90

Sites

16

0.00022

0.0058

0.064

0.47

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

731

7

Sites

0.96

0.00021

0.00172

0.0222

0.0934

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,286

97

Sites

7.54

0.00021

0.0053

0.0642

0.47

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

6

1

Sites

17

0.062

0.062

0.062

0.062

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

4

1

Sites

25

0.062

0.062

0.062

0.062

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

267

78

Sites

29

0.000676

0.0184

1.18

11.2

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

12

Sites

32

0.0084

0.064

0.118

0.2049

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

5

Sites

0.86

0.0021

0.0024

0.014

0.0196

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

17

Sites

81

0.0015966

0.0254

0.094

0.0989808

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



2.25E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.73603

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

324.392

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

393.28

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

8.18E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000708

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000389

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000724

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

126.704

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

18.55

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000225

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.39613

no units



A-667

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Piperonyl butoxide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

389

USEPA. 2017. Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO). Draft Human Health Risk Assessment Registration Review and for Proposed New Use on Edible Fungi Crop Group 21. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0498-0021. DP Nos.
D434163 D439507. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-668

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Potassium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Potassium

CASRN:

7440-09-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID9049748

Use:

Metal, laboratory reagent

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





10

10



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

5939

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-669

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Potassium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Data Element

Value

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kR-day)

Assessment Full
Citation

NOTE: assessment states"no RfD derived because potassium intake
from drinking water is well below the level at which adverse health
effects may occur." Additional information from the 2019 IOM report
for potassium and sodium: Short-term potassium supplementation of
approximately 2,500 mg/d (64 mmol/d) on the background of a usual
diet appears to be safe for generally healthy individuals. This level of
potassium intake would likely be below the ULfor individuals without
kidney disease, diabetes, heart failure, adrenal insufficiency, or
individuals using ACE-ls, ARBs, or other medications that may raise
blood potassium concentrations to levels that could lead to adverse
effects. There is evidence that very high doses of supplemental
potassium ingestion can lead to adverse events, and in extreme cases
has led to death, even in the absence of kidney disease or other factor:
that alter potassium excretion. However, without a specific indicator ol
a toxicological effect of high potassium intake, a potassium UL cannot
be established."

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor

CCL Screening Level

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4700

mg/d ay

IOM 2005



arrhythmias and hyperkalemia in individuals with impaired potassium
excretion, detrimental for individuals with impaired kidney function

general population

2413

390000

[109]









IOM 2019











[1121



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies passed full-text review

























Other Health Data































Data Element

Value

Units



Source



Notes





Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results



Measured Data and Assessment Results

III 1



III 1

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-670

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Potassium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

958

Sites

97

311

1855

5939

23955





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

12.092

12.058

Sites

100

30

2500

7100

640000





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.585

2.573

Sites

100

30

2670

6940

180000





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9.508

9.486

Sites

100

60

1960

7520

640000

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

100



3070



6870

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

10

NA

Sites





2510

4100



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

100



2720



6930

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

758

757

Sites

100

80

2300

8618

61200

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-671

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Potassium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

93

HC. 2008. Guidance on Potassium from Water Softeners. Health Canada (HC), Water, Air and Climate Change Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

109

IOM. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Institute of Medicine (IOM), National Academies of Science, Washington, D.C.

112

IOM. 2019. Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Institute of Medicine (IOM), National Academies of Science, Washington, D.C.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

A-672

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Profenofos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID3032464

Pesticide, insecticide,

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

1

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.2

inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.5144

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-673

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Profenofos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00012

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Burdock et
al. 1981

inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase

bottle-fed infants

151

0.159

[351]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2015











[3511



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.03

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.0003

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.0003

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.00005

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1.9

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

700

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

120

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.03

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

15.19

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0004498

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.137

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.615

no units

TEST QSAR



A-674

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Profenofos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.649

2

Sites

0.05

0.464

0.492

0.514

0.52





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.953

7

Sites

0.36

0.00019

0.00128

0.144

0.21





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

338

5

Sites

1.48

0.00019

0.00128

0.0522

0.128





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.615

2

Sites

0.12

0.00072

0.105

0.168

0.21

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

1

58

2012



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

303

2

Sites

0.66

0.209

0.214

0.217

0.219

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

831

2

Sites

0.24

0.209

0.214

0.217

0.219

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

809

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

1

Sites

0.17

7e-04

7e-04

7e-04

7e-04

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000144



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35324

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

364.071

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000174

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000244

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000653

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000518

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1513.33

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

55.0808

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000089

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.76488

no units



A-675

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Profenofos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

351

USEPA. 2015. Profenofos: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment (DRA) for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OP P-2008-0345-0024. DP No. D414150. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-676

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prometon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID6022341

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

300

emesis and decreased body weight

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.046

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-677

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prometon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.05

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Brecken ridge
and Green
1986; Tisdel
1992;
Salamon
1987

emesis and decreased body weight

general population

33.8

296

[390]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2017











[3901



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.2

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.4

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2980

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

503

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

23.299999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

737

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.18

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

120

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

4.59

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0026915

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.106

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.947

no units

TEST QSAR



A-678

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prometon

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

295

0

Sites

0









ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,365

2,286

Sites

20

0

0.01

0.046

40

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,297

1,377

Sites

60

0

0.01

0.044

25.1

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,069

909

Sites

10

0.00033

0.011

0.078

40

ug/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

1

0.22

2016

Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Noil-Nation ally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

49

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

11

Sites

65

0.00028

0.0025

0.009

0.092

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.0084

0.0084

0.0084

0.0084

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

1

Sites

100

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

450

4

Sites

0.89

0.1

0.11

0.12

0.12

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,613

594

Sites

37

0.00015

0.009

0.05

6.51

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,729

320

Sites

8.58

0.00059

0.01

0.05

0.495

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

5,341

914

Sites

17

0.00015

0.009

0.05

6.51

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

82

Sites

36

0.00028

0.0025

0.013

0.891

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

74

Sites

34

0.00028

0.0011

0.0056

0.054

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

8

Sites

67

0.00028

0.0025

0.013

0.891

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

4,469

98

Sites

2.19

0.006

0.0873

0.276

1.6

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

18

Sites

47

0.0049

0.00695

0.0295

0.133

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

64

Sites

9.28

4e-04

0.0036

0.0126

0.0438

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

2

Sites

100

0.01

0.01

0.015

0.02

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

133

19

Samples

14







0.06

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

0

Sites

0







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.95E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.81769

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

336.341

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

329.884

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000249

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000752

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00205423

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00400867

mol/L



Bioconeentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.05344

no units



Bioconeentration factor

TEST QSAR

7.8886

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.75E-08

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.05368

no units



A-679

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prometon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

390

USEPA. 2017. Prometon. Chronic Dietary (Drinking Water Only) Exposure and Risk Assessment for the Registration Review Draft Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0068-0015. DP No. D443014. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-680

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prometryn

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Prometryn

CASRN:

7287-19-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID4024272

Use:

Herbicide for most annual grasses, broad leaf weeds in
cotton and celery

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

renal and hepatic degenerative changes,
bone marrow atrophy

general population

OPP

2013



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.051

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-681

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prometryn

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

OPP 2013

Woodard et
al. 1965

renal and hepatic degenerative changes, bone marrow atrophy

general population

33.8

237

[329]



Cancer Classification (CC)

E



OPP 2013











[3291



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

3.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.12

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.3

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.04

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1265

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5233

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

37.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

72

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.7

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

37.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

7.17

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0075858

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.177

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.57

no units

TEST QSAR



A-682

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prometryn

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

5.273

139

Sites

2.64

0.00017

0.007

0.051

3.73





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

712

106

Sites

15

0.00017

0.007

0.053

3.73





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

4.561

33

Sites

0.72

0.00048

0.006

0.0279

0.277

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

20

1,458,440

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

860



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

99

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

5

Sites

29

0.00028

0.025

0.0866

0.231

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,207

0

Sites

0













National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

880

53

Sites

6.02

0.00017

0.009

0.119

0.658

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,579

15

Sites

0.58

0.00015

0.006

0.0108

0.037

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,458

68

Sites

1.97

0.00015

0.008

0.0993

0.658

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

8

Sites

3.49

0.00028

0.00028

0.00552

0.118

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

8

Sites

67

0.00028

0.00028

0.00552

0.118

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

3,433

92

Sites

2.68

0.0031

0.122

0.756

20

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.0032

0.0159

0.0261

0.0286

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000069



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.74373

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

338.854

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000143

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000959

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000138089

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000322849

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

12.3056

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

9.35406

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.33E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.60968

no units



A-683

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prometryn

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

329

USEPA. 2013. Prometryn. Human-Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0032-0006. DP No. D407422. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-684

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pronamide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID2020420

Selective herbicide used o

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

7

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

decreases in body weight, weight gain, and
food consumption; increased liver weight
and lesions in liver, thyroid, and ovaries

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.052

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-685

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pronamide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Andrus and
Hukkanen
2011

decreases in body weight, weight gain, and food consumption; increased
liver weight; lesions in liver, thyroid, and ovaries

women of child bearing age

35.4

226

[352]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3521



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.8

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.04

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.3

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.001

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.04

mg/kg/day

EPA H HBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0070632

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.667

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.574

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5600

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

8350

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

123.2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

20

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

17.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

8.08

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

60

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



A-686

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pronamide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

11.233

143

Sites

1.27

0.00021

0.009

0.052

1.35





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.224

133

Sites

5.98

0.00021

0.009

0.0512

1.35





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9.009

10

Sites

0.11

0.0012

0.00695

0.23

0.82

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

3

137,018

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

4

0.35



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

1,020

22

Sites

2.16

7.00E - 04

0.0104

0.24

5.75

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3,065

2

Sites

0.07

0.0075

0.0146

0.0188

0.0216

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

4,084

24

Sites

0.59

7.00E - 04

0.0104

0.234

5.75

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

641

49

Sites

7.64

0.005

0.017

0.0448

0.25

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.1134

0.113

0.113

0.1134

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

133

1

Samples

0.8







0.014

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ dav)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.59E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.30719

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

312.471

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

339.245

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000538

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000364

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000887

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000169044

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

56.9152

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.53E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.32595

no units



A-687

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pronamide

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

352

USEPA. 2015. Pronamide. Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review and to Support New Section 3 Use on Leaf Lettuce (Revised). EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0326-0017. DP Nos. D422207
D410291. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-688

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propachlor

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Propachlor

CASRN:

1918-16-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID4024274

Use:

selective herbicide used for pree merge nee weed
control of annual grasses and broad leaf weeds

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

1

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.9



general population

OPP

1998



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

1.18

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCM2

1993-1997

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-689

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propachlor

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.054

mg/kg/day

OPP1998

Naylorand
Thake 1996

stomach lesions in males and liver lesions in both sexes

general population

33.8

320

[231]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.032

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP1998

Hamada
1987

ovarian tumors

general population

33.8

0.925

[231]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP1998











[231]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.5

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.09

mg/L

MN DOH



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.001

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1800

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

290

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

125.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

65.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

37.97

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0016181

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.347

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.777

no units

TEST QSAR



A-690

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propachlor

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997

12,050

6

Sites

0.05

0.1

0.11

1.18

2.5

ug/L



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

8,480

98

Sites

1.16

0.001

0.008

0.0912

2.99

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

1,867

92

Sites

4.93

0.001

0.0085

0.0918

2.99

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

6,614

6

Sites

0.09

0.002

0.0055

0.033

0.057

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

4

120,862

2005



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

15



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

180

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

822

1

Sites

0.12

0.093

0.093

0.093

0.093

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

822

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

3

Sites

18

0.00107

0.00107

0.145

0.287

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2,047

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

78

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

997

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - Wl (Source)

2012-2019

92

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

313

2

Sites

0.64

0.002

0.041

0.0644

0.08

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

812

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,125

2

Sites

0.18

0.002

0.041

0.0644

0.08

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

2

Sites

0.87

0.00107

0.00298

0.00452

0.0049

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

2

Sites

17

0.00107

0.00298

0.00452

0.0049

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

707

0

Sites

0





































lA/osfe Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



6.56E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

3.36055

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

292.103

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

300.836

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000341887

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000100925

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00447549

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00156675

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

32.0372

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

20.797

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000124

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.28865

no units



A-691

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propachlor

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

231

USEPA. 1998. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Propachlor. EPA 738-R-015. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-692

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propanil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Propanil

CASRN:

709-98-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID8022111

Use:

Post emergent herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

7

8



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

50

increased methemoglobin; increased spleen
weight in females; and enlarged seminal
vesicles/prostates in males

general population

OPP

2006



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

72



EEC SW 30-Year

OPP

2006

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-693

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propanil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.009

mg/kg/day

OPP 2006

Bellringer
1994

increased methemoglobin; increased spleen weight in females; and
enlarged seminal vesicles/prostates in males

general population

33.8

53.3

[264]



Cancer Classification (CC)

S



OPP 2006











[2641



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.06

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.06

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.009

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1384

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

360

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

20

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

12.91

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

49

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

9.6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.003767

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.006

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.688

no units

TEST QSAR



A-694

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propanil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

7

6,860,055

2016

Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

4

79,889

Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

16

6

Sites

38

0.0112

0.042

0.116

0.17

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

936

23

Sites

2.46

0.00188

0.0354

0.574

6.5

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,045

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,980

23

Sites

0.77

0.00188

0.0354

0.574

6.5

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

228

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

11

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,424

201

Sites

14

0.004

0.591

5.68

57.6

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

3.0096

3.01

3.01

3.0096

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0













Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) (Ambient) [102]

2014

77

1

Sites

1.3

0.0020539

0.00205

0.00205

0.0020539

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Environmental Concentration (EEC) in Surface
Water, 30-Year Mean

2006

OPP

72

ug/L

Exposure Analysis Modeling
System (EXAMS)

The modeled surface water 30-year mean estimated environmental concentration provided by the EPA OPP health assessment was
selected as the occurrence value for propanil.This value coincides with the chronic health effects data and was considered the most

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



6.68E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.50968

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

341.956

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

325.947

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000055

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000265

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000730631

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000447713

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

53.3998

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

16.9824

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.79E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.219

no units



A-695

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propanil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

102

https://webapps.usgs.gOv/rsqa/#l/region/SESQA

264

USEPA. 2006. Amendment to the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for Propanil (March 2006) and the Propanil RED (October 2003). EPA-HQ-OPP-2003-0348. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-696

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propargite

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Propargite

CASRN:

2312-35-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID4024276

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

carcinogen with linear MOA

6

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.2

jejunal tumors

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.5508

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-697

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propargite

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.04

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Trutter
1991;
Goldenthal
1993

decreased pup weight in all generations

bottle-fed infants

151

53.0

[424]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.192

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2019

Goldenthal
1993

jejunal tumors

general population

33.8

0.154

[424]



Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



OPP 2019











[424]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Health-Based Screening Level

0.3

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.000167

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1480

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

2947

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

105

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

32.06

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.011885

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.793

no units

TEST QSAR



A-698

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propargite

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

10,698

73

Sites

0.68

6.00E - 04

0.044

0.551

20





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.055

70

Sites

3.41

6.00E - 04

0.044

0.56

20





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

8.643

3

Sites

0.03

0.008

0.009

0.174

0.245

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

18

8,790,953

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

165



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

891

7

Sites

0.79

0.00169

0.106

0.199

0.212

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,018

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,908

7

Sites

0.24

0.00169

0.106

0.199

0.212

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,146

65

Sites

5.67

0.0084

0.086

1.45

20

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000139



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

5.67573

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

362.004

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

325.241

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000359

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000018

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000239

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000271

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

10.8905

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000979

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.882

no units



A-699

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propargite

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

424

USEPA. 2019. Propargite: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0131-0051. DP No. D449759. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-700

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Propazine

CASRN:

139-40-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID3021196

Use:

Selective post-e merge nee herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Ust

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

10

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

attenuation of LH surge

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.05

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.0005

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-701

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0242

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

national health and
environmental
effects research
laboratory;
Morales and

attenuation of LH surge

women of childbearing
age

35.4

137

[353]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3531



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL
Study

Start Date
of Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Lifetime Health Advisory

0.01

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Dailv Level

100

us/dav

CalEPA OEH HA Chemical Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1200

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

15380

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

450

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

150

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast

3.67

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



in vitro assavs tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.006368

mol/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.045

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.695

no units

TEST QSAR



A-702

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

2.165

260

Sites

12

2.00E - 04

0.0051

0.05

1.79





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

462

209

Sites

45

2.00E - 04

0.00514

0.05

1.79





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.703

51

Sites

2.99

0.00025

0.00246

0.265

1.69

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

7

637,396

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

7

Sites

70

7e-04

0.0028

0.013

0.032

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

19

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

426

115

Sites

27

0.00021

0.007

0.05

0.39

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

817

44

Sites

5.39

0.00026

0.01

0.03

0.0894

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,243

159

Sites

13

0.00021

0.00716

0.05

0.39

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

14

Sites

6.17

7e-04

0.0055

0.013

0.071

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

7

Sites

3.2

7e-04

0.00105

0.0111

0.023

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

7

Sites

70

7e-04

0.0055

0.013

0.071

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

68

2

Sites

2.94

1.1

1.55

1.91

2

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.03

0.036

0.04

0.041

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

9

Sites

1.54

5e-04

0.001

0.00266

0.0029

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.85E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.96717

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

338.333

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

318.777

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000183

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000593

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000053

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000355631

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

13.2841

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

13.3352

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.24E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.08299

no units



A-703

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propazine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

353

USEPA. 2015. Propazine. Acute and Chronic Dietary (Food Only) Exposure Assessments for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0250-0070. DP D428624. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-704

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propiconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Propiconazole

CASRN:

60207-90-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID8024280

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:

This CIS also contains some data for the following:
-C is-p rop icon azo le
-Tra ns-p rop icon azo le

Isthe contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



Pub Med Neurotoxicants



Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

("g/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

600

Liver toxicity; increased liver weight in males,
and increase in liver lesions (masses/raised
areas/ swellings/nodular areas)

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for HQ

("g/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient
(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.039

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



RD1

RD 2

RD 3

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a Relative Source
Contribution of 20%.

Green highlighting indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.

A-705

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propiconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Ciba Geigy
Corporation
1982

Liver toxicity; increased liver weight in males, and increase in liver lesions
(masses/raisedareas/ swe llings/nodularareas)

general population

33.8

592

[425]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2019











[4251



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL

(mgAg

bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

2

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.6

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.6

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS

Propiconazole

Health-Based Screening Level

0.6

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS

cis-Propiconazole

Health-Based Screening Level

0.6

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS

trans-Propiconazole

Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.1

mg/kg/day

EPA H HBP



Notes: Yellow highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element | Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1490

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

1517

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

8.39999962

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

1.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

19.93

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

6.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

77.5899963

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

1.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

16.82

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.00405509

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.333

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.484

no units

TEST QSAR



A-706

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propiconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitor ing-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

3,055

101

Sites

3.31

0.001

0.009

0.039

1.23

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

190

95

Sites

50

0.001

0.009

0.039

1.23

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

2.865

6

Sites

0.21

0.003

0.0075

0.018

0.024

ug/L













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

2,454,476

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

11

40,199

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

finished Water



Prev

alence

Magnitude



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

5

Sites

29

0.0057

0.0057

0.012

0.029

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

11

0

Sites

0













US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

11

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

2

Sites

7.69

0.0141

0.0154

0.0165

0.0168

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prev

alence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

832

187

Sites

22

0.00041

0.0116

0.103

3.72

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

1,796

11

Sites

0.61

0.003

0.0065

0.0331

0.075

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

2,627

198

Sites

7.54

0.00041

0.0112

0.1

3.72

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

10

Sites

4.37

0.005661

0.01

0.027

0.1916

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

5

Sites

2.28

0.005661

0.0057

0.134

0.1916

ug/L



US DA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

5

Sites

42

0.0057

0.01

0.0195

0.07

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

134

13

Sites

9.7

0.02

0.0298

0.0452

0.051

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

8

Sites

21

0.0029

0.0127

0.0662

0.13

ug/L

cis-propiconazole

Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.0202

0.0644

0.271

0.4045

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

8

Sites

21

0.005

0.0174

0.115

0.217

ug/L

trans-propiconazole

Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

902

6

Sites

0.67

0.0023

0.00845

0.0225

0.031

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

42

3

Samples

7.1







0.051

ug/L

cis-propiconazole

USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

42

3

Samples

7.1







0.08

ug/L

t ra ns- p ro p ico nazo le

























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data

Date

Total Predicted

Notes



Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters

Source

Value

Units

Notes

(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)





(EPA CompTox Dashboard)









Expocast exposure



1.63 E-08





Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35915

days











Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

350.158

degree C



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

366.386

degree C



NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)









Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000409

mmHg



NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in blood (1999-2016)









Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

7.08 E-08

mmHg



NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in urine (1999-2016)









Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000222763

mol/L











Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000192309

mol/L



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.

Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

45.858

no units



Blank fields indicate there were no data available.







Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

102.094

no units



"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.





Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000378

atm-mA3/mol



Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.

Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.54562

no units



State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.
UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-707

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propiconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-Quality
Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant exposure in
US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply tapwaters
at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091,46 p. plus appendixes.

425

USEPA. 2019. Propiconazole Human Health Risk Assessment for the New Use of Propiconazole on Avocado, along with Conversion to Brassica, leafy greens, subgroup 4-16B, except watercress, Leaf petiole
vegetable subgroup 22B, Celtuce, Florence fennel, Swiss chard, and the expansion to Vegetable, root, except sugar beet, subgroup IB. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0127-0007. DP No. D446376. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticides in
Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-708

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propoxur

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Propoxur

CASRN:

114-26-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID7021948

Use:

Insecticide used on cane, cocoa, fruit grapes, maize,
rice, sugar, vegetables, cotton, lucerne, and
ornamentals, etc

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

reproductive and developmental effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.5

red blood cell acetylcholinesterase inhibition
in pups

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.01

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NWIS

2008-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-709

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propoxur

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00038

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Toot 2012 a
and b

red blood cell acetylcholinesterase inhibition in pups

bottle-fed infants

151

0.503

[354]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.00352

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2015

Subergand
Loeserl984

urinary bladder papillomas and carcinomas, borderline significant
increased incidence of uterine carcinomas

general population

33.8

8.41

[354]



Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



OPP2015











[354]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.04

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.003

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

23.5

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

800

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

472.39999

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

150.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

2.68

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0009886

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.614

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.684

no units

TEST QSAR



A-710

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propoxur

CCL5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017





















PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)



0





Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

1

0.57



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

105

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

227

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

868

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

373

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

475

51

Sites

11

0.00038

0.00296

0.011

0.367

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

1,045

28

Sites

2.68

4.00E-04

0.00224

0.00352

0.00579

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,520

79

Sites

5.2

0.00038

0.00274

0.01

0.367

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

223

1

Sites

0.45

0.005

0.005

0.005

0.005

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

218

1

Sites

0.46

0.005

0.005

0.005

0.005

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

6

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

1,584

0

Sites

0













Bradley et a 1. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

2

Sites

5.26

0.0093

0.0095

0.00966

0.0097

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

3

Sites

0.43

0.0014

0.0029

0.0033

0.0034

ug/L



Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) (Ambient) [102]

2014

77

29

Sites

38

0.0003306

0.00197

0.00616

0.0126086

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

126

1

Samples

0.8







0.007

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes



2015

OPP



ug/L



Drinking water exposure modeling was not conducted in the most recent available EPA OPP health assessment because propoxur's
use patterns and registrations suggest it is unlikely to be found in drinking water resources.

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.16E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for aII years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)



Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.65857

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

284.046

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

285.351

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000821

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000306

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00570894

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00252348

mol/L



Biocon cent ration factor

OPERA QSAR

6.97685

no units



Biocon cent ration factor

TEST QSAR

4.9545

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.38E-09

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.70194

no units



A-711

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Propoxur

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

102

https://webapps.usgs.gOv/rsqa/#l/region/SESQA

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

354

USEPA. 2015. Propoxur: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0806-0023. DP No. D414135. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-712

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prosulfuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Prosulfuron

CASRN:

94125-34-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID9034868

Use:

Post-emergent herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

6

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

300

decreased feed efficiency, hematological
findings and hepatotoxicity

general population

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.03224

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-713

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prosulfuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.053

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Chow and
Richter
1992

decreased feed efficiency, hematological findings and hepatotoxicity

general population

33.8

314

[355]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3551



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.7

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.1

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.34

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.34

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.053

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

546

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

18.6

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

508

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.95

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

2.29

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

31

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

69.300003

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

2.88

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

6.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0170608

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.087

no units

TEST QSAR



A-714

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prosulfuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.760

16

Sites

0.91

7.00E - 04

0.00635

0.0322

0.274





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

13

Sites

4.04

7.00E - 04

0.0062

0.0222

0.173





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.438

3

Sites

0.21

0.0018

0.0065

0.194

0.274

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

29

25,349

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

8

1

Sites

12

0.0025

0.0025

0.0025

0.0025

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

306

4

Sites

1.31

0.0055

0.114

0.192

0.197

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

834

4

Sites

0.48

0.0055

0.114

0.192

0.197

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

121

1

Sites

0.83

0.0025

0.0025

0.0025

0.0025

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

113

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

1

Sites

12

0.0025

0.0025

0.0025

0.0025

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000157





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

< LOD

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.63586

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

264.577

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

3.93E-11

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

5.45E-11

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000576

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000104472

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.58961

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1.15345

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.63E-11

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.02925

no units



A-715

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Prosulfuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

355

USEPA. 2015. Prosulfuron. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-1010-0019. DP No. D426092. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-716

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pymetrozine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Pymetrozine

CASRN:

123312-89-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID2032637

Use:

Pesticide used to control aphids and whiteflies in
vegetables, ornamentals, cotton,field crops,
deciduous and citrus fruit; control of plant hoppers in

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

3

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2

liver benign hepatoma and hepatocarcinoma

general population

OPP

2017



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.01384

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-717

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pymetrozine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.008

mg/kg/day

OPP 2017

Pinto 2003

morphometric changes in brains of pups

bottle-fed infants

151

10.6

[392]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0119

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2017

Gerspach
1995

liver benign hepatoma and hepatocarcinoma

general population

33.8

2.49

[392]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



OPP 2017











[392]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.05

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.008

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0119

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.05

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.00269

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.05

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.00269

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.008

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5693

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5955

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

3.76

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.454

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.26

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

14

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

360

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

3.12

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

34.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0028445

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.37

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.66

no units

TEST QSAR



A-718

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pymetrozine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

844

2

Sites

0.24

0.0032

0.00985

0.0138

0.0165





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

276

1

Sites

0.36

0.0032

0.0032

0.0032

0.0032





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

568

1

Sites

0.18

0.0165

0.0165

0.0165

0.0165

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

21

21,675

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

88

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

28

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

116

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

3

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

1

Sites

0.17

0.0165

0.0165

0.0165

0.0165

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.15E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.35411

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

258.726

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000821

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000504

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00388089

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00295801

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.35119

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000712

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.0895

no units



A-719

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pymetrozine

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

392

USEPA. 2017. Pymetrozine. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0368-0017. DP No. D439601. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-720

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyraclost robin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Pyraclost robin

CASRN:

175013-18-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID7032638

Use:

Very broad spectrum fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

decreased body weight, kidney tubular casts
and atrophy in both sexes; increased
incidence of liver necrosis and
erosion/u Ice ration of the glandular-stomach
and fore-stomach in males

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.00825

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.000041

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-721

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyraclostrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.034

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Mellert et
al. 1999

decreased body weight, kidney tubular casts and atrophy in both sexes;
increased incidence of liver necrosis and erosion/ulceration of the
glandular- stomach and fore-stomach in males

general population

33.8

201

[406]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[4061



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Human Health Benchmark

1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.22

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.22

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.034

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

9.1999998

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

4.7

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

28.72

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

10.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

34.700001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

12.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

5.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.587

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.41

no units

TEST QSAR



A-722

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyraclostrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.763

138

Sites

7.83

0.00011

0.00182

0.00825

0.389





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

324

136

Sites

42

0.00011

0.00182

0.00807

0.389





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.439

2

Sites

0.14

0.00021

0.123

0.196

0.245

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

2,471,066

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

434

52

Sites

12

0.00025

0.00339

0.0782

3.33

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

531

1

Sites

0.19

0.00441

0.00441

0.00441

0.00441

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

965

53

Sites

5.49

0.00025

0.00341

0.0774

3.33

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

244

50

Sites

20

0.02

0.096

0.245

1.37

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0383

0.0383

0.0383

0.0383

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

1

Sites

0.17

2e-04

2e-04

2e-04

2e-04

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



2.01E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.89847

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

336.014

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

465.144

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

8.44E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.5E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000103

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000209

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

174.72

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000108

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.00245

no units



A-723

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyraclostrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

406

USEPA. 2018. Pyraclostrobin. Human Health Risk Assessment for a Petition for the Establishment of Use on Greenhouse-Grown Leafy Greens, Except Head Lettuce, Subgroup 4- 16A; Cucurbit Vegetable:
Group 9; and Fruiting Vegetables, Group 8-10 and Crop Group Conversions and Expansion of Tolerances for Brassica, Leafy Greens, Subgroup 4-16B; Celtuce; Florence Fennel; Kohlrabi; Leaf Petiole
Vegetables, Subgroup 22B; Tropical and Subtropical, Medium to Large Fruit, Inedible Peel, Subgroup 23B; and Brassica Head and Stem, Group 5-16 and a Revised Tolerance Level for Leafy Greens,

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-724

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyrene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Pyrene

CASRN:

129-00-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID3024289

Use:

Occurs as a result of incomplete burning

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

n ep h ro pat hy (re na 1 tu bu la r pat ho logy,
decreased kidney weights)

general population

OW

1991



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.046

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-725

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyrene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.03

mg/kg/day

IRIS 1990

USE PA 1989

renal tubular pathology, decreased kidney weights

general population

33.8

178

[209]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.025

mg/kg/day

OW1991

USE PA 1989

nephropathy (renal tubular pathology, decreased kidney weights)

general population

33.8

148

[212]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



PPRTV 2007











[282]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



IRIS 1990











[209]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OW 1991











[212]









ATSDR1995











[10]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Reproductive

0.0075

Paltaviciene, 2006

Reproductive

0.00075

Paltaviciene, 2006

2006-09-01

2020-03-25

6765

2

16

1

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.05

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Human Health Ambient Water Quality Criteria

0.02

mg/L

EPA Human Health Criteria for CWA



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.09

mg/L

MN DOH



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2700

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

6.19

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0070469

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.842

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.342

no units

TEST QSAR



A-726

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyrene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

588

38

Sites

6.46

0.003

0.01

0.046

0.14





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

101

30

Sites

30

0.003

0.01

0.0475

0.14





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

487

8

Sites

1.64

0.004

0.009

0.0388

0.046

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

100K - 500K

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

28

1

Sites

3.57

0.001

0.001

0.001

0.001

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Finished)

2006-2011

481

0

Sites

0













Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

231

8

Sites

3.46

0.1

0.16

0.28

0.3

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006-2011

634

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

867

275

Sites

32

0.002

0.03

0.37

25.6

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,095

71

Sites

6.48

0.001

0.0155

0.072

1.28

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,962

346

Sites

18

0.001

0.0295

0.34

25.6

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

14

Sites

37

0.0034

0.0092

0.0242

0.0447

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

5

Sites

24







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000147



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

255.189

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

392.038

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

415.21

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000288

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

8.69E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000659

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000121

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2230.1

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

529.663

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000116

o

E
E



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.05118

no units



A-727

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyrene

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

10

ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

209

USEPA. 1990. Chemical Assessment Summary, Pyrene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington, D.C

212

USEPA. 1991. Drinking Water Criteria Document for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental
Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH.

282

USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Pyrene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-728

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyridaben

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Pyridaben

CASRN:

96489-71-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID5032573

Use:

Insecticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

5

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

30

decreased parental and pup body weight

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1614

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.0054

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-729

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyridaben

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.022

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Tesh et al.

1989;
Willoughby
1990

decreased parental and pup body weight

bottle-fed infants

151

29.1

[407]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[4071



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

2.9

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.44

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.03

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.03

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.005

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1100

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

383

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

13

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

2.41

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

21.96

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

13.02

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

4.92

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0015417

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.255

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.152

no units

TEST QSAR



A-730

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyridaben

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.761

9

Sites

0.51

0.00033

0.00096

0.161

0.219





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

7

Sites

2.17

0.00038

0.00096

0.0475

0.155





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.439

2

Sites

0.14

0.00033

0.11

0.175

0.219

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

11

35,107

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

359

3

Sites

0.84

0.0042

0.195

0.215

0.223

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

528

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

887

3

Sites

0.34

0.0042

0.195

0.215

0.223

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

99

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000139





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

12.6613

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

364.625

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

421.721

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000141

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

8.67E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

7.08E-08

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000585

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

599.145

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.99E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.11525

no units



A-731

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Pyridaben

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

407

USEPA. 2018. Pyridaben. Human Health Draft Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0214-0015. DP No. D440297. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-732

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Quinoline

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Quinoline

CASRN:

91-22-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID1021798

Use:

Chemical intermediate; pharmaceutical (anti-malarial);

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

carcinogen with linear MOA

6

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.01

hepatic hemangioendotheliomas or

general population

IRIS

2001



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.09312

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-733

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Quinoline

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

3

(mg/kg/day)A-l

IRIS 2001

Hirao et al.
1976

hepatic hemangioendotheliomas or hemangiosarcomas

general population

33.8

0.00986

[244]



Cancer Classification (CC)

B2



IRIS 2001











[244]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Renal, Immune, Hepatic, Carcinogenicity,
Systemic

8.8

Matsumoto, 2018

Hepatic

30

Uno, 2015

2005-07-01

2020-03-16

2041

2

2

2

Other Health Data

Measured Data and Assessment Results

I Value I Units I ~

I

I

I

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

331

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

460

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

0.89

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested











Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0046559

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.888

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.468

no units

TEST QSAR



A-734

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Quinoline

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.675

36

Sites

0.98

0.0201

0.0288

0.0931

1.5





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

9

2,474



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ dav)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000309





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

13.3246

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

243.313

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

239.117

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0417085

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0293765

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0339207

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0323594

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

4.69938

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

17.1396

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000365

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.11472

no units



A-735

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Quinoline

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

244

USEPA. 2001. Chemical Assessment Summary, Quinoline. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

A-736

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Silicon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Silicon

CASRN:

7440-21-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID0051441

Use:

Chemical intermediate; alloys

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





10

10



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

42069

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-737

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Silicon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes







IOM 2001











[108]

NOTE: No health
assessments found, "there is
no evidence that the silicon
that naturally occurs in food
and water produces adverse
health outcomes"

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element	| Value	| Units |	Source	I	NoteT

Measured Data and Assessment Results				

LD50	| 3160	| mg/kg |N!H HSDB	I

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-738

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Silicon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

989

Sites

100

260

18139

42069

98916





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1B-5B

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

100



2930



22300

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





5280

5280



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

49

49

Sites

100

2

2800

5900

61000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

81

78

Sites

96

8

4600

6190

23000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

130

127

Sites

98

2

3800

6150

61000

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

100



2750



22400

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-739

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Silicon

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

108

IOM. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Institute of Medicine
(IOM), National Academies of Science, Washington, D.C.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

A-740

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sitagliptin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Sitagliptin

CASRN:

486460-32-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID70197572

Use:

Hypoglycemic agents

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

8

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

3

lowest therapeutic dose: improved glycemic
control for patients with type 2 diabetes

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.08453

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-741

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sitagliptin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000416667

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Merck
Sharp &
Dohme
Corp.

lowest therapeutic dose:improve glycemic control for patients with type 2
diabetes

bottle-fed infants

151

2.80

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.000416667

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Merck
Sharp &
Dohme
Corp.

lowest therapeutic dose:improve glycemic control for patients with type 2
diabetes

general population

33.8

9.80

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug la bels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.009803922

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.002777778

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

4000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0016596

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.299

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.869

no units

TEST QSAR



A-742

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sitagliptin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

12

Sites

2.15

0.00365

0.0268

0.0845

0.184





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

12

Sites

16

0.00365

0.0268

0.0845

0.184





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

205

41

Sites

20

0.00263

0.0333

0.117

0.484

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

2

Sites

0.5

0.0432

0.219

0.325

0.395

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

606

43

Sites

7.1

0.00263

0.0369

0.12

0.484

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

12

Sites

32

0.002071

0.00841

0.153

0.2267841

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.0242164

0.261

4.9

5.184601

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54479

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

328.816

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

403.649

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

9.8E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.52E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000549

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000646

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

6.6312

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

22.6986

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.26E-11

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.82307

no units



A-743

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sitagliptin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-744

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sodium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Sodium

CASRN:

7440-23-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID1049774



Use:

Chemical intermediate; alloys; semiconductors

Chemical Notes:

EPA requires periodic monitoring of sodium at the



entry point to the distribution system. Monitoring is



to be conducted annually for surface water systems



and every 3 years for ground water systems (40



CFR:141.41). The water supplier must report sodium



test results to local and State public health officials by



direct mail within 3 months of the analysis unless this



responsibility is assumed by the State.

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude



non-cancer effects

10

10



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

20000

organoleptic effects, risk to adults under
strict low-sodium diets

general population

OW

2003



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

160240

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



Sodium generally occurs at low levels in drinking water, and when it

at high levels the taste may be expected to cause people to
reduce their consumption [a,b]. In addition, drinking water is only a
nor source of dietary sodium compared with food, and sodium is
ly one factor among many that contributes to hypertension and
heart disease. Therefore, regulation of sodium in drinking water is
unlikely to represent a meaningful opportunity for health risk
reduction [a,c]. The most effective means to protect the health of PWS

identify groups who are more sensitive than the general
population, and provide dietary guidance through the public health
ity [c].

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-745

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sodium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA
Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

6.25

mg/kg/day

HC 1992

WHO 1984

organoleptic effects, risk to adults under strict low-sodium

general population

33.8

37000

[91]



Drinking Water Advisory

20

mg/L

OW 2003

USE PA 1996

organoleptic effects, risk to adults under strict low-sodium

general population

33.8

20000

[256]









OW 2003











[256]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure
Factor (mL/kg-

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

2300

mg/day

IOM 2005

Johnson et al., 2001;
MacGregor et al.,
1989; Sacks et al.,
2001

increased blood pressure

lactating women

2720

169000

[110]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

2300

mg/day

IOM 2005

Johnson et al., 2001;
MacGregor et al.,
1989; Sacks et al.,
2001

hypertensive disorders

pregnant women

2642

174000

[110]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

2300

mg/day

IOM 2005

Johnson et al., 2001;
MacGregor et al.,
1989; Sacks et al.,
2001

increased blood pressure

general population

2413

191000

[110]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

2300

mg/day

IOM 2005

Johnson et al., 2001;
MacGregor et al.,
1989; Sacks et al.,
2001

increased blood pressure

women of childbearing
age

2430

189000

[110]









IOM 2019











[112]



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start
Date
of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-
abstract Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant
Studies passed full-text
review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Data Element I Value I Units I

Measured Data and Assessment Results

I

I

I

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity





TEST QSAR



Developmental





TEST QSAR



A-746

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monito ring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

989

Sites

100

907

16355

160240

1541000

ug/L



Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

12,093

12,092

Sites

100

70

13300

84600

1.90 E+07

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,592

2,592

Sites

100

70

13100

76600

6.00 E+06

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,502

9,501

Sites

100

80

14000

107000

1.90 E+07

ug/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

50M - 100M

Noil-Nation ally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

589

588

Sites

100

500

50000

103000

3.7e+07

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - DC (Finished)

2008 - 2009

1

1

Sites

100

10000

15500

19300

22000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1,778

1,777

Sites

100

190

23000

88260

5100000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

936

893

Sites

95

710

9800

37240

830000

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 12017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

100



27800



128000

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

27

NA

Sites





19500

83000



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

5,409

5,400

Sites

100

400

35000

120000

203500000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - FL (Source)

2006 - 2011

105

100

Sites

95

7

9165

80860

860000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - MA (Source)

2006 - 2020

159

159

Sites

100

2600

49000

196790

4100000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - PA (Source)

2006 - 2011

1

1

Sites

100

18900

18900

18900

18900

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

1,498

1,303

Sites

87

700

8900

37400

950000

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -Wl (Source)

2012-2019

142

141

Sites

99

450

6500

36000

210000

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 12017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

100



24000



128000

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

758

757

Sites

100

450

15800

164000

682000

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial data set and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-747

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sodium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

91

HC. 1992. Guideline Technical Document - Sodium. Health Canada (HC), Water and Air Quality Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

110

IOM. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Institute of Medicine (IOM), National Academy of Science, Washington, D.C.

112

IOM. 2019. Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Institute of Medicine (IOM), National Academies of Science, Washington, D.C.

152

NRC. 1989. Recommended Dietary Allowances. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences,National Academy Press, pp. 247-261.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

183

USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Sodium. EPA 815 R-01-014.

185

USEPA. 2003. Drinking Water Advisory: Consumer Acceptability Advice and Health Effects Analysis on Sodium. EPA 822-R-03-006. February 2003.

232

USEPA. 1999. A Review of Contaminant Occurrence in Public Water Systems. Office of Water. EPA Report 816-R-99-006. 78 pp.

256

USEPA. 2003. Drinking Water Advisory: Consumer Acceptability Advice and Health Effects Analysis on Sodium. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria
Division, Washington, D.C.

A-748

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfamethoxazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Sulfamethoxazole

CASRN:

723-46-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID8026064

Use:

Antibacterial; antipneumocystic

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

20

lowest therapeutic dose: treat or prevent
bacterial infections: urinary tract
infections/acute otitis media/acute
exacerbations of chronic
b ron ch it is/Sh ige llos is/P neu mo cyst is j iro veci
Pneumonia/Traveler's Diarrhea in Adults

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1968

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-749

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfamethoxazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.003333333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Mutual
Pharmaceutical
Company, Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose:treat or prevent bacterial infections: urinary
tract infections/acute otitis media/acute exacerbations of chronic
branch it is/Shigellosis/Pneumocyst is jiroveci Pneumonia/Traveler's
Diarrhea in Adults

bottle-fed infants

151

22.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.003333333

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Mutual
Pharmaceutical
Company, Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose:treat or prevent bacterial infections: urinary
tract infections/acute otitis media/acute exacerbations of chronic
branchitis/Shigellosis/Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia/Traveler's
Diarrhea in Adults

general population

33.8

78.0

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general
population

0.078431373

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.022222222

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.1

mg/L

MN DOH



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2650

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

6370

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.28

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0337287

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.038

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.853

no units

TEST QSAR



A-750

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfamethoxazole

CCL5 Contaminant Informatio
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

619

30

Sites

4.85

0.0016

0.0408

0.197

1.46

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

75

15

Sites

20

0.0016

0.0527

0.305

1.46

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

544

15

Sites

2.76

0.00483

0.0169

0.0814

0.12

ug/L



PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Noil-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone. Units

Notes





PWS/ Sites/

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)









Samples



















Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Bradley et al. 2018 (Finished) [53]

2016

26

1

Sites

3.85

0.005

0.005

0.005

0.005

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.0082



0.0082

ug/L



Community Water System Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

1

NA

Sites





0.002

0.002



ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

1

Samples

12

0

0



1.27e-05 +/-
3.6e-06

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0













Kleywegt et al. (2011) via Uslu et a 1. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2011

NA

NA











0.002

ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Finished) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.005

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

502

179

Sites

36

0.00171

0.029

0.216

1.58

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

940

73

Sites

7.77

0.00275

0.0245

0.2

0.965

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,441

252

Sites

17

0.00171

0.029

0.202

1.58

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 12017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

40



0.0501



0.1611

ug/L



Batt et al. 2016 (Ambient) [46]

2008 - 2009

182

141

Sites

77

0.0016

0.0289

0.11

0.5764

ug/L



Bradley et a 1. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

20

Sites

53

0.005

0.115

0.895

1.5

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,100

12

Sites

1.09

0.019022

0.0338

0.0644

0.1198271

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009 - 2010

8

7

Samples

88

0

2.4e-06



7.4e-06+/-8e-
07

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

2

Sites

100

0.006

0.022

0.0448

0.052

ug/L



Kleywegt et al. (2011) via Uslu et a 1. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2011

NA

NA











0.284

ug/L



Tabe et al. (2009) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2009

NA

NA











0.002

ug/L



Kormos et al. (2007) via Uslu et a 1. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2007

NA

NA











0.035

ug/L



IL EPA (2008) via Uslu et al. (2013) (Ambient) [433]

2008

NA

NA











0.012

ug/L



Alverez et a1. (2005) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.034

ug/L



Barnes et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.11

ug/L



Batt et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.45

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.14

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.081

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2009) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.11

ug/L



Brown et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.3

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.369

ug/L



Con ley et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.033

ug/L



Con ley et al. (2008b) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.01

ug/L



Focazio et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.023

ug/L



A-751

-------
EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

N on-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Glassmeyer et a I. (2005) via Kostich et a I. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.763

ug/L



Haggard et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.5

ug/L



Karthikeyan et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.08

ug/L



Kim et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.32

ug/L



Kolpin et al. (2002) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.9

ug/L



Kolpin et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.07

ug/L



Lindsey et al. (2001) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.02

ug/L



Shelver et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.09

ug/L



Stackelberg et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.05

ug/L



Stackelberg et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.06

ug/L



Stand ley et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0022

ug/L



Trenholm et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.0049

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.033

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.672

ug/L



Yang et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.16

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 -2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.014029

0.474

0.945

2.082509

ug/L



Kostich etal. 2014 (Wastewater) [126]

not reported

50

48

Sites

96

0.0026

0.447

1.32

2.8725

ug/L



Batt et al. (2005) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.3

ug/L



Batt et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











6

ug/L



Batt et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











2.8

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











2.2

ug/L



Benotti et al. (2007) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.626

ug/L



Conkle et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











4.09

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al. (2005) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.589

ug/L



Karthikeyan et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











1.25

ug/L



Renew et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











2.14

ug/L



Shelver et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











3.1

ug/L



Spongberg et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.472

ug/L



Trenholm et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.36

ug/L



Vanderford et al. (2006) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











2.06

ug/L



Yang et al. (2003) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.52

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















EPA - Office of Water	Technical Support Document for the

Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



2.48E-08





Biomonftoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection

n serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection

n urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.34495

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

290.681

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.8E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

4.63E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000989291

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00126183

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.73669

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

17.1002

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

7.84E-11

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

0.948532

no units



A-752

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfamethoxazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

46

Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a Nationaicale Rivers and Streams
Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

53

Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B.,... & Dietze, J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

126

Kostich MS, et al. 2014 Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation. Environ Pollut. 2014
Jan;184:354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013. Epub 2013 Oct 3. PMID: 24095705.

127

Kostich, MS, et al., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

433

Uslu, M., Jasim, S., Arvai, A., Bewtra, J. and Biswas, N., 2013. A Survey of Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Substances in the Great Lakes Basin. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 35(4),
pp.249-262.

A-753

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfentrazone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID6032645

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reduced longevity

10

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

reduced prenatal viability (fetal and litter),
reduced litter size, increased number of
stillborn pups, reduced pup and litter
postnatal survival, decreased pup body
weights throughout lactation

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1793

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-754

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfentrazone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.14

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Ponnock
1994

reduced prenatal viability (fetal and litter), reduced litter size, increased
number of stillborn pups, reduced pup and litter postnatal survival,
decreased pup body weights throughout lactation

bottle-fed infants

151

185

[409]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[4091



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

3.9

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.14

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.9

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.9

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.14

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2855

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

10

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

116.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

2.79

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

108.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

57

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

23.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

79.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0012274

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.709

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.271

no units

TEST QSAR



A-755

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfentrazone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.762

230

Sites

13

0.00055

0.0224

0.179

4.1





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

322

198

Sites

61

0.00055

0.0224

0.178

4.1





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.440

32

Sites

2.22

0.0015

0.0166

0.201

0.26

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

39

4,031,687

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

307

72

Sites

23

0.00133

0.0226

0.25

2.42

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

530

15

Sites

2.83

0.00548

0.0158

0.0304

0.0594

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

837

87

Sites

10

0.00133

0.0215

0.244

2.42

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

6

Sites

1.03

0.0015

0.007

0.109

0.199

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000118





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.65135

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

342.454

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

7.86E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.59E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0001917

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000125314

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

7.66859

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

6.91831

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

8.59E-11

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.3198

no units



A-756

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfentrazone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

409

USEPA. 2018. Sulfentrazone - Human Health Risk Assessment for a Section 3 Registration Request to Add New Uses on Chia and Teff; an Amended Use on Mint; and Crop Group Conversions for Tree Nu
Group 14-12, Stalk and Stem Vegetable Subgroup 22A; Vegetable, Brassica, Head and Stem, Group 5-16; and Brassica, Leafy Greens, Subgroup 4-16B. EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0072-0009. DP No. D443993.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-757

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfometuron methyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Sulfometuron methyl

CASRN:

74222-97-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID0034936

Use:

Herbicide for annual, biennial, and perennial grasses
and annual broad leaf weeds

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2000

decreased body weight gain, hemolytic
anemia, increase in alkaline phosphatase

general population

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.03624

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-758

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfometuron methyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.275

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Wood and
O'Neal 1983

decreased body weight gain, hemolytic anemia, increase in alkaline
phosphatase - decreased body weight gain seen at beginning of 4 weeks
of exposure in adult dogs

general population

33.8

1630

[357]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3571



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

1.83

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.275

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

1.76

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

1.76

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.275

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

0.75

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.116

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.056

no units

TEST QSAR



A-759

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfometuron methyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4,167

261

Sites

6.26

9.00E - 05

0.00454

0.0362

3.51





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

471

228

Sites

48

2.00E - 04

0.00455

0.0363

3.51





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.696

33

Sites

0.89

9.00E - 05

0.004

0.0336

0.284

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

12

7

Sites

58

0.00127

0.0032

0.012

0.025

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

475

119

Sites

25

2.00E - 04

0.00645

0.0348

1.79

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,057

16

Sites

1.51

0.00137

0.0055

0.0474

0.101

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,532

135

Sites

8.81

2.00E - 04

0.00645

0.0352

1.79

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

9

Sites

3.93

0.00127

0.0038

0.0192

0.059

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

2

Sites

0.91

0.00863

0.0105

0.0281

0.035

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

7

Sites

58

0.00127

0.0032

0.0187

0.059

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

26

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

5

Sites

13

0.0252

0.0349

0.177

0.248

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

8

Sites

1.16

le-04

0.00095

0.00325

0.0064

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

126

18

Samples

14







1.61

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000106





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

< LOD

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.63689

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

264.401

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

1.3E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

2.21E-11

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000446592

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000406443

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.45799

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

0.907821

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.36E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.21447

no units



A-760

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Sulfometuron methyl

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

357

USEPA. 2015. Sulfometuron Methyl. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0433-0026. DP No. D427028. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-761

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tamoxifen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Tamoxifen

CASRN:

10540-29-1

DTXSID:

DTXSID1034187

Use:

Antiestrogen; antineoplastic (hormonal)

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.6

lowest therapeutic dose: nonsteroidal
antiestrogen/treatment of metastatic breast
cancer/adjuvant breast cancer
treat me nt/du eta 1 carcinoma in
situ/prophylaxis in women at high risk for

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.187

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NWIS

2008-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-762

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tamoxifen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

8.33333E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Andrx
Pharmaceut
icals, Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose:nonsteroidal antiestrogen/treatment of
metastatic breast cancer/adjuvant breast cancertreatment/ductal
carcinoma in situ/prophylaxis in women at high risk for cancer

bottle-fed infants

151

0.560

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

8.33333E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Andrx
Pharmaceut
icals, Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose: nonsteroidal a ntiestrogen/treatment of
metastatic breast cancer/adjuvant breast cancertreatment/ductal
carcinoma in situ/prophylaxis in women at high risk for cancer

general population

33.8

2.00

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Cancer Classification (CC)

1

no units

WHO IARC



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general
population

0.001960784

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.000555556

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

40.13

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0058345

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.096

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.788

no units

TEST QSAR



A-763

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tamoxifen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

531

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

456

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

193

1

Sites

0.52

0.187

0.187

0.187

0.187

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

333

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

526

1

Sites

0.19

0.187

0.187

0.187

0.187

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,097

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

20

0

Sites

0







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



4.05E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.36164

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

419.341

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

428.393

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.07E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

5.27E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000858

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000274

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1210.92

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

345.144

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.21E-08

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.2335

no units



A-764

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tamoxifen

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-765

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tebuconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Tebuconazole

CASRN:

107534-96-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID9032113

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015

X

CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

1

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

40

decreases in body weights, absolute brain
weights, brain measurements, and motor
activity in offspring

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.2307

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-766

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tebuconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.029

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Parker 2000

decreases in body weights, absolute brain weights, brain measurements,
and motor activity in offspring

bottle-fed infants

151

38.4

[427]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2019











[4271



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.19

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.029

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.19

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.19

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.029

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

625

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

17.05

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0101391

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.499

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.483

no units

TEST QSAR



A-767

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tebuconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.648

2

Sites

0.05

0.21

0.222

0.231

0.233





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.788

165

Sites

9.23

0.00024

0.00735

0.0285

0.93





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

328

163

Sites

50

0.00024

0.00735

0.0284

0.93





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.460

2

Sites

0.14

0.00035

0.13

0.207

0.259

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

47

2,111,268

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

7

Sites

41

0.0035

0.0035

0.0165

0.15

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

435

69

Sites

16

0.00044

0.0118

0.0784

3.24

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

536

2

Sites

0.37

0.00584

0.0103

0.0702

0.0959

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

971

71

Sites

7.31

0.00044

0.0118

0.0859

3.24

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

12

Sites

5.24

0.0035

0.0058

0.0377

0.15

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

6

Sites

2.74

0.0035

0.014

0.061

0.083

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

6

Sites

50

0.0035

0.00465

0.026

0.15

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

50

0

Sites

0













Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

7

Sites

18

0.0173

0.0255

0.041

0.0421

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.58E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.17404

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

321.712

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

344.862

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000022

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

9.29E-08

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00010626

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000893

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

243.826

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

49.204

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000329

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.68215

no units



A-768

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tebuconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

427

USEPA. 2019. Tebuconazole: Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessments for Petition for the Establishment of Registrations and Permanent Tolerances for Residues in/on
Watercress; Add Green-House Grown Tomato to Label and Crop Group Conversions/Expansions for Brassica Leafy Greens, Subgroup 4-16B, Except Watercress; Cottonseed, Subgroup 20C; Pome Fruit,
Group 11-10; Stone Fruit, Group 12-12, Except Cherry; Small Vine Climbing Fruit, Except Fuzzy Kiwifruit, Subgroup 13-07F; Tropical and Subtropical Small Fruit, Inedible Peel, Subgroup 24A; Tree Nut,

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-769

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tebuthiuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID3024316

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

10

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

200

decreased body weights in F1 females;
decreased up body weights in Fland F2
generations

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2014



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.048

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-770

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tebuthiuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.14

mg/kg/day

OPP 2014

Hoyt et al.
1981

decreased body weights in F1 females; decreased pup body weights in F1
and F2 generations

bottle-fed infants

151

185

[336]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OPP 2014











[3361



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

3

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.5

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

200

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

644

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

110

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

31

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

72

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.28

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0068865

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.583

no units

TEST QSAR



A-771

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tebuthiuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

11,243

1,134

Sites

10

0

0.0106

0.048

17.3

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,224

813

Sites

37

0

0.01

0.044

6.4

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

9,019

321

Sites

3.56

0.00024

0.0205

0.146

17.3

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

13

22,610

2015



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

2

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

17

10

Sites

59

0.00035

0.001

0.0037

0.055

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

918

185

Sites

20

0.00031

0.00667

0.0449

1.4

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

3,084

130

Sites

4.22

3.00E - 04

0.016

0.13

0.516

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

4,001

315

Sites

7.87

3.00E - 04

0.00857

0.0603

1.4

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

229

47

Sites

21

0.00035

0.001

0.0046

0.43

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

219

41

Sites

19

0.00035

0.0011

0.05

0.43

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001 - 2013

12

6

Sites

50

0.00035

0.001

0.0044

0.22

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

1,757

31

Sites

1.76

0.0127

0.052

1.3

3

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

3

Sites

7.89

0.0125

0.015

0.0316

0.0358

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

24

Sites

3.48

5e-04

0.0026

0.0145

0.0317

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002 - 2010

134

6

Samples

4.5







3.47

ug/L



























lA/osfe Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-

Notes

Expo cast exposure



8.13E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

4.57479

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

334.1

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

340.382

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000229

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000564

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0110523

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00409261

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.60494

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

9.18333

no units



Flenry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.38E-10

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.65206

no units



A-772

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tebuthiuron

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

336

USEPA. 2014. Tebuthiuron: Draft Human Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0327-0041. DP Nos. D414218 D418910 D418911. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-773

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tefluthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID5032577

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

3

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

increased incidence of tremors

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0101

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-774

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tefluthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0017

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Stonard
1986

increased incidence of tremors

general population

33.8

10.1

[428]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2019











[4281



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.011

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.0017

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.011

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

22

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

57

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

54.400002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

13.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

9.38

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

7.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0001941

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.654

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.96

no units

TEST QSAR



A-775

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tefluthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

3.062

7

Sites

0.23

0.004

0.005

0.0101

0.015





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

197

6

Sites

3.05

0.004

0.005

0.0108

0.015





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

2.865

1

Sites

0.03

0.006

0.006

0.006

0.006

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

36

350,395

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

508

1

Sites

0.2

0.062

0.062

0.062

0.062

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

956

4

Sites

0.42

0.002

0.0035

0.004

0.004

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,463

5

Sites

0.34

0.002

0.004

0.033

0.062

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

123

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

113

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0













Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000183



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53756

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

306.216

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

289.657

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000042

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000345

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

8.52E-08

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000104

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1246.21

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

567.545

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

4.43E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

6.47305

no units



A-776

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tefluthrin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

428

USEPA. 2019. Tefluthrin: Updated Human Health Draft Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. DP No. D453462. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-777

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Terbacil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

DTXSID8024317

Chemical Notes:

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

400

decreased pup body weights pnd 7-21

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1418

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.00035

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Terbacil does not appear to occur at health levels of concern in PWSs
nd EPA has made a determiniation that terbacil does not present a
neaningful opportunity for health risk reduction. While terbacil has
been found in ambient waters at the levels less than the HRLof 90
pg/L(as well as the HRL) [a,b], it was not found in the UCMR1
survey of public water supplies [c].

Kolpin & Martin, 2003 [123]; [b] Martin, Crawford, & Lars
[134]; [c] USE PA, 2008 [297]; as cited in USE PA, 2008 [296]

i, 2003

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-778

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Terbacil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.33

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Edwards
2017

decreased pup body weights pnd 7-21

bottle-fed infants

151

437

[429]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2019











[4291



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.3

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.09

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

7500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

6.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



NOAEL

1.25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in

5.54

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0100231

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.196

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.982

no units

TEST QSAR



A-779

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Terbacil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

3.873

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

10.088

235

Sites

2.33

0.0018

0.024

0.142

1.52





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.037

181

Sites

8.89

0.0018

0.024

0.126

1.52





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

8.052

54

Sites

0.67

0.003

0.0195

0.27

1.05

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

17

13,550

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

67

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

402

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

671

8

Sites

1.19

0.0129

0.0255

0.135

0.275

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,587

6

Sites

0.38

0.006

0.063

0.177

0.245

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,258

14

Sites

0.62

0.006

0.0264

0.192

0.275

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

121

3

Sites

2.48

0.00118

0.00118

0.00237

0.002664

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

114

1

Sites

0.88

0.002664

0.00266

0.00266

0.002664

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

2

Sites

25

0.00118

0.00118

0.00118

0.00118

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

501

2

Sites

0.4

0.008

0.021

0.0314

0.034

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0154

0.0154

0.0154

0.0154

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

690

1

Sites

0.14

0.0072

0.0072

0.0072

0.0072

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ dav)

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.54E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.32238

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

277.667

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

300.294

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00607559

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000202

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0968241

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0038815

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

2.47838

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

4.57088

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000155

o

E
E



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.05194

no units



A-780

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Terbacil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

123

Kolpin, D.W. and J.D. Martin. 2003. Pesticides in Ground Water: Summary Statistics; Preliminary Results from Cycle 1 of the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), 1992-2001. Available
on the Internet at: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/pnsp/pestgw/Pest-GW_2001_Text.html.

134

Martin, J.D., C.G. Crawford, and S.J. Larson. 2003. Pesticides in Streams: Summary Statistics; Preliminary Results from Cycle 1 of the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), 1992-2001.
Available on the Internet at: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/pnsp/pestsw/Pest-SW_2001_Text.html.

296

USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

297

USEPA. 2008. The Analysis of Occurrence Data from the First Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 1) in Support of Regulatory Determinations for the Second Drinking Water
Contaminant Candidate List. EPA 815-R-08-013. June.

429

USEPA. 2019. Terbacil: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0054-0038. DP No. D446169. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-781

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Terbufos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID2022254

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

8

non-cancer effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.3

plasma chol in esterase inhibition

general population

OPP

2006



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1984

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



Terbufos regulation does not represent a meaningful opportunity for
health risk reduction for persons served by PWSs. Although terbufos
has the potential to cause adverse health effects, including ChE
hibition and reproductive effects [a,b,c], it does not appear to occur
PWSs with a frequency and at levels of public health concern [c,d].
Terbufos was not detected in any UCMR 1 samples collected by PWSs,
using an MRLof 0.5 pg/L, which is slightly higher than the HRL(0.35
Hg/L) [e,f,g,h],

Shellenberger, 1984 [163]; [b] Shellenberger& Billups, 1986 [164];
USE PA, 2006 [274]; [d] Baiey, 1988 [39]; [e] USE PA, 2007 [284]; [f]
USE PA, 2008 [297]; [g] USE PA, 2010 [310]; [h] USE PA, 2015 [350]; as
cited in USE PA, 2014 [334]

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-782

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Terbufos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00005

mg/kg/day

OPP 2006

American
Cyanamid
Co. 1986;
Shellenberg
er1984

plasma cholinesterase inhibition

general population

33.8

0.296

[267]



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.005

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.0004

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.001

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

9.2

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

0.2188

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

0.015

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.0854

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Percent of active toxcast in

8.45

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

5.78E-06

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.005

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

-0.779

no units

TEST QSAR



A-783

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Terbufos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003

295

0

Sites

0













Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

11.234

33

Sites

0.29

0.002

0.017

0.198

0.56





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.224

29

Sites

1.3

0.002

0.023

0.194

0.56





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

9.010

4

Sites

0.04

0.007

0.01

0.126

0.202

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

23

2,259,511

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

4

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

1

Sites

5.88

0.089

0.089

0.089

0.089

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

44

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

898

4

Sites

0.45

0.006

0.146

0.212

0.226

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

3,037

1

Sites

0.03

0.009

0.009

0.009

0.009

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,934

5

Sites

0.13

0.006

0.103

0.208

0.226

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

495

1

Sites

0.2

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.04

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ dav)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000011



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

403.714

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

315.407

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000228304

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000148594

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000298

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000625

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

64.5795

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

125.893

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000263

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.32209

no units



A-784

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Terbufos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

Bailey, D.E. 1988. 14-Day oral toxicity study in the dog with AC 92 100 and its metabolites, CL94 301 and CL94320. Unpublished report on HLA Study No. 362-190 (BASF RDI No.TE-420-007) from
Hazleton Laboratories America, Inc., Vienna, VA, USA (as cited in USEPA, 2003).

153

163

Shellenberger, T. 1984. 28-Day Oral Toxicity in the Dog with AC 92,100: Report No. 87019. Unpublished study prepared by Tegeris Laboratories Inc. 89 p. (as cited in USEPA,2006).

164

Shellenberger, T., and L.H. Billups. 1986. One-year oral toxicity study in purebred beagle dogs with AC 92 100. Unpublished report No. 8414 (BASF RDI No. TE-427-002) from Tegeris Laboratories, Inc.,
Laurel, MD, USA (as cited in USEPA, 2003).

267

USEPA. 2006. Finalization of Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (IREDs) and Interim Tolerance Reassessment and Risk Management Decisions (TREDs) for the Organophosphate Pesticides, and
Completion of the Tolerance Reassessment and Reregistration Eligibility Process for the Organophosphate Pesticides. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Terbufos. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

274

USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Terbufos. Office of Pesticide Programs. Available on the Internet at: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/REDs/terbufos_red.pdf.

284

USEPA. 2007. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR) for Public Water Systems Revisions. Federal Register. Vol. 72, No. 2, p. 367, January 4, 2007.

297

310

USEPA. 2010. Data Management and Analytical Plan for the Second Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 2) Data. June 2010 Draft Report Submitted to EPA.

334

USEPA. 2014. Regulatory Determinations 3 Support Document. April 2014. EPA Publication # 815-R14-003.

350

USEPA. 2015. Occurrence Data from the Second Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 2). Including Appendices A-C. EPA 815-R-15-013. December 2015.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-785

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Testosterone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Testosterone

CASRN:

58-22-0

DTXSID:

DTXSID8022371

Use:

Medication (human and veterinary) and in research

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

8

non-cancer effects

9

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

0.3

lowest therapeutic dose: replacement
therapy in conditions associated with
deficiency or absence of endogenous
testoste ro ne/a nt iest roge n th e ra py

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.000527

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-786

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Testosterone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4.16667 E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Impax
Generics

lowest therapeutic dose: replacement therapy in conditions associated
with deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone/antiestrogen
therapy

bottle-fed infants

151

0.280

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

4.16667 E-05

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Impax
Generics

lowest therapeutic dose: replacement therapy in conditions associated
with deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone/a ntiestrogen
therapy

general population

33.8

0.980

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.000980392

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.000277778

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Percent of active toxcast in

15.74

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0135207

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.018

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.04

no units

TEST QSAR



A-787

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Testosterone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015

1.201

65

Sites

5.41

1.00E - 04

0.00017

0.000527

0.0053





Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

527

4

Sites

0.76

0.00042

0.00069

0.00122

0.00149





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

29

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

498

4

Sites

0.8

0.00042

0.00069

0.00122

0.00149

	U*/L	



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.00015



0.00015

ug/L



Batt et al. 2016 (Ambient) [46]

2008 - 2009

182

3

Sites

1.65

0.0037

0.0064

0.29

0.3614

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0011

0.0011

0.0011

0.0011

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,091

1

Sites

0.09

0.003038

0.00304

0.00304

0.003038

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

2

Sites

9.52

0.000973

0.000973

0.000973

0.000973

ug/L



Kostich et al. 2014 (Wastewater) [126]

not reported

50

0

Sites

0







































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ dav)

Notes

Expocast exposure



3.14E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

68.9239

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

295.416

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

357.585

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000187

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000245

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000277495

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000130317

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

52.7161

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

80.5378

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.46E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.24993

no units



A-788

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Testosterone

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

46

Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a Nationaicale Rivers and Streams
Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

126

Kostich MS, et al. 2014 Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation. Environ Pollut. 2014
Jan;184:354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013. Epub 2013 Oct 3. PMID: 24095705.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-789

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tetraconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Tetraconazole

CASRN:

112281-77-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID8034956

Use:

Fungicide used on blueberries, cereals, grapes,
ornamentals, peanuts among others

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

40

increased kidney weight and altered
histopathology of the kidney

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.02644

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-790

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tetraconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0073

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Makin et al.
1990

increased kidney weight and altered histopathology of the kidney

general population

33.8

43.2

[410]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[4101



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.047

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.047

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0073

mg/kg/day

EPA H HBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.138

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.626

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

LOAEL

2.95

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

0.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

28.78

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assavs tested









Subchronic LOAEL

23.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

5.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



A-791

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tetraconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.763

60

Sites

3.4

0.00035

0.00509

0.0264

0.254





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

324

55

Sites

17

0.00035

0.00514

0.026

0.208





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.439

5

Sites

0.35

0.00075

0.00158

0.13

0.254

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

31

134,273

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

6

Sites

40

0.002

0.0032

0.0096

0.084

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

433

19

Sites

4.39

1.00E - 04

0.0089

0.206

0.462

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

531

1

Sites

0.19

0.00359

0.00359

0.00359

0.00359

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

964

20

Sites

2.07

1.00E - 04

0.0082

0.204

0.462

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

6

Sites

2.64

0.002

0.0047

0.0178

0.03

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

1

Sites

0.46

0.003164

0.00316

0.00316

0.003164

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

5

Sites

50

0.002

0.0062

0.018

0.03

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.0219

0.0219

0.0219

0.0219

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

4

Sites

0.68

8e-04

0.00135

0.00454

0.0058

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000105



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.48195

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

339.08

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

344.772

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000175

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000171

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000928927

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000151

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

309.071

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

131.22

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000273

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.52679

no units



A-792

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tetraconazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

410

USEPA. 2018. Tetraconazole: Human Health Risk Assessment for the Section 3 Registration for Application to add Crop Subgroup 6C; Dried Shelled Pea and Bean (except soybean) Subgroup 6C; Barley;
Rapeseed Subgroup 20A; Wheat; and Forage, Fodder, and Straw of Cereal Grains Group 16. EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0573-0005. DP No. D435706. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-793

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiabendazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Thiabendazole

CASRN:

148-79-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID0021337

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

non-cancer effects

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

600

decreased body weight in males

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.0164

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.000027

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-794

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiabendazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.1

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Merck
Research
Labs. 1993

decreased body weight in males

general population

33.8

592

[430]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L/NL



OPP 2019











[4301



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.21

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.21

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.033

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Screening level for pharmaceutical - general
population

0.156862745

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.044444444

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1300

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

4000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

28.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

600

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

150

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

9.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

6.87

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic LOAEL

37

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

9.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.575

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.486

no units

TEST QSAR



A-795

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiabendazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

627

20

Sites

3.19

0.00098

0.00488

0.0164

0.115

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

76

17

Sites

22

0.00098

0.00453

0.0168

0.115

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

551

3

Sites

0.54

0.00187

0.00673

0.00774

0.00818

ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

1

23,140

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

5

13,653



Chemical Data Reporting(CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Furlong et al 2017 (Finished) [83]

2007 - 2012

NA

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

501

33

Sites

6.59

0.00101

0.00491

0.019

0.176

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

841

4

Sites

0.48

0.00641

0.015

0.0826

0.127

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,341

37

Sites

2.76

0.00101

0.00518

0.0191

0.176

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990 - 2018

41

0

Sites

0













Furlong et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [83]

2007 - 2012

NA

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012 - 2014

38

12

Sites

32

0.0039721

0.0117

0.0161

0.0421837

ug/L



Bexfield et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013 - 2015

1,106

2

Sites

0.18

0.0064082

0.169

0.3

0.3324209

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009 - 2010

2

0

Sites

0













Stackelberg et al. (2004) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Ambient) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.011

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011 - 2017

21

19

Sites

90

0.0030236

0.0169

0.0262

0.1126352

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al. (2005) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.515

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg-

Notes

Expocast exposure



7.28E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES bio monitoring detect ion in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biode gradation ha If-life

OPERA QSAR

2.58879

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

326.584

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

403.909

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.6E-09

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000000706

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000311564

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000156675

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

7.89835

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

18.197

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.93E-08

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (logKow)

OPERA QSAR

2.37325

no units



A-796

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiabendazole

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

83

Furlong, E.T., Batt, A.L., Glassmeyer, S.T., Noriega, M.C., Kolpin, D.W., Mash, H., Schenck, K.M. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States: Pharmaceuticals. Science of The Total Environment. 579 (1629-1642).

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

127

Kostich, MS, etal., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

430

USEPA. 2019. Thiabendazole. Acute and Chronic Aggregate (Food and Drinking Water) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessments in Support of Registration Review. E PA-HQ-OPP-2014-0175-0028. DP No.
D450527. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-797

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiamethoxam

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID2034962

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

1

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

20

increased incidence and severity of tubular
atrophy in testes of F1 males, sperm
abnormalities in F1 males

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

131.77



EDWC SW (acute)

OPP

2016

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-798

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiamethoxam

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.012

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Winkler et
al. 1998

increased incidence and severity of tubular atrophy in testes of F1 males
(pups)

bottle-fed infants

151

15.9

[372]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2016











[3721



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.4

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Human Health Benchmark

2.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.35

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.077

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.077

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.012

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.003656

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.998

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.036

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1563

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



LOAEL

1.84

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

1000

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

0.64

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

14.3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

32

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

1.879

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

9.27

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

A-799

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiamethoxam

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of

Number of

PWS/Sites/

Percent with

Minimum Cone.

Median Cone.

90th Percentile

Maximum Cone.

Cone. Units

Notes





PWS/ Sites/

Detects

Samples

Detects

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)

(Detects)





























Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

5

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

5

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

353,487

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

10

3

Sites

30

0.0102

0.0102

0.0102

0.0102

ug/L



Klarich etal. 2017 (Finished) [117]

2016

20

19

Sites

95

0.00026

0.00084

0.00215

0.00415

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

131

49

Sites

37

9.00E - 04

0.007

0.126

4.37

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

12

1

Sites

8.33

0.0031

0.0031

0.0031

0.0031

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

143

50

Sites

35

9.00E - 04

0.00695

0.126

4.37

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

2

Sites

0.88

0.0102

0.0102

0.0102

0.025

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

2

Sites

20

0.0102

0.0102

0.0102

0.025

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

281

43

Sites

15

0.0068

0.113

0.407

2.06

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

8

Sites

21

0.0019

0.016

0.0795

0.1904

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water (acute)

2016

OPP

131.77

ug/L

Tier II Rice Model in Tailwater

The critical effect of male reproductive issues in F1 generation pups is considered a less-th an-chronic response in a sensitive
population. To be protective of this population, the modeled surface water acute concentration was selected as the occurrence

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.25E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54394

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

278.329

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000154

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000322793

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00732825

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

16.1043

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR







Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.73E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

-0.144367

no units



A-800

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiamethoxam

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

117

Klarich, K.L., Pflug, N.C., DeWald, E.M., Hladik, M.L., Kolpin, D.W., Cwiertny, D.M. and LeFevre, G.H., 2017. Occurrence of neonicotinoid insecticides in finished drinking water and fate during drinking
water treatment. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 4(5), pp. 168-173.

372

USEPA. 2016. Thiamethoxam. Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk Assessments for Residues of Thiamethoxam on Imported Banana. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-
0705-0007. DP No. D429717. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-801

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiobencarb

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Thiobencarb

CASRN:

28249-77-6

DTXSID:

DTXSID6024337

Use:

Pre-emergentto early post-emergent herbicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

6

3



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

60

decreased body weights

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.1156

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.0019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-802

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiobencarb

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.01

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Cummins
1984

decreased body weights

general population

33.8

59.2

[411]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OPP 2018











[4111



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

7

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

1

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.06

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.06

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.01

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Public Health Goal

0.042

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Public Health Goals



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1903

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

560

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

2

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

9.39

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0057412

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.269

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.403

no units

TEST QSAR



A-803

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiobencarb

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

10.703

84

Sites

0.78

2.00E - 05

0.011

0.116

4.38





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.055

76

Sites

3.7

2.00E - 05

0.011

0.115

4.38





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

8.648

8

Sites

0.09

0.004

0.014

0.056

0.25

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

6

2,372,729

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

2

3,385



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

265

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

15

5

Sites

33

0.029

0.0745

0.151

0.19

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

2,975

2

Sites

0.07

0.097

0.848

1.45

1.6

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

936

33

Sites

3.53

0.00093

0.0369

0.346

12.4

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,045

2

Sites

0.1

0.003

0.007

0.0094

0.011

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

2,980

35

Sites

1.17

0.00093

0.0359

0.342

12.4

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

227

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

10

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

7,197

635

Sites

8.82

0.004

0.949

4.84

150

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.3429

0.343

0.343

0.3429

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



8.52E-08



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

2.94541

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

305.691

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000201

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000147571

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000168437

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000845

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

130.611

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

25.0611

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000019

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.37599

no units



A-804

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiobencarb

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

411

USEPA. 2018. Thiobencarb - Registration Review Draft Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0932-0037. DP No. D439288. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-805

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiram

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Thiram

CASRN:

137-26-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID5021332

Use:

Pesticide; rubber accelerator; antiseptic

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

3

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

90

changes in hematology, clinical chemistry,
incidences of bile duct hyperplasia, reduction
in mean body weight gain, elevated
cholesterol levels and increased liver weight

general population

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

2.5



EDWC SW 30-Year

OPP

2015

1-n—r

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.028

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-806

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiram

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.015

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Kehoe
1991a and
1991b

changes in hematology, clinical chemistry, incidences of bile duct
hyperplasia, reduction in mean body weight gain, elevated cholesterol
levels and increased liver weight

general population

33.8

88.8

[358]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2015











[3581



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.39

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.014

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.096

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.015

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1350

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

210

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

0.84

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

24

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

7.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

33.64

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Subchronic LOAEL

7.0100002

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Subchronic NOAEL

2.35

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0038107

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.476

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.772

no units

TEST QSAR



A-807

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiram

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017





















National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017































Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

3

125,378

2016

Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

19

29,783

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

16

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes

Estimated Drinking Water Concentration (EDWC) in Surface
Water, 30-Year Mean (chronic, non-cancer)

2015

OPP

2.5

ug/L

Pesticide Root Zone Model
(PRZM) - Exposure Analysis
Modeling System (EXAMS)

The modeled surface water chronic, non-cancer con cent ration provided by the most recent available EPA OPP health assessment
was selected as the occurrence concentration for thiram. This value coincides with the chronic critical effects of multiple signs of
systemic toxicity and hematological alterations provided within the health effects report.

Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



3.58E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

90.9543

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

305.681

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000166

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR







Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000151428

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000587489

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.67366

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

10.4954

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

2.01E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.65192

no units



A-808

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Thiram

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

358

USEPA. 2015. Thiram. Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for the Import Use of Thiram on Avocado, PP#4E8250and Banana, PP#4E8268. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0249-0004. DP No. D427383. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-809

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Tin

CASRN:

7440-31-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID1049801

Use:

Metal; used in alloys and solder. Block tin is used to
coat copper cooking utensils and lead sheet, or to line
lead pipe for distilled water, beer, carbonated
beverages, and some chemicals.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





8

8



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

23

90th Percentile

Finished Water

NIRS

1984-1986

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-810

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes







ATSDR2005











[24]

NOTE: ATSDR declined to
quantify chronic oral toxicity

Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Developmental

2

El-Makawy, 2008

Reproductive

2

El-Makawy, 2008

2004-08-01

2020-03-25

3052

1

23

1

Data Element | Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

4

mg/L

MN DOH



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.3

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-811

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

OCCURRENCE DATA

Scoring_Data_

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

14

Sites

1.42

3

5

23

32





Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Qua lity Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017





















Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

36



6.4



15.9

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

80

15

Sites

19

0.02

1.83

200

200

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

126

47

Sites

37

0.01

0.5

5.3

22

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

206

62

Sites

30

0.01

1

20

200

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

40



3.55



17.4

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

2.42

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-812

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

24

ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Tin and Tin Compounds. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta,
GA.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

A-813

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triallate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID5024344

Pre-emergent selective herbicide

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

6

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.4

hepatocellular carcinomas and renal tubular

general population

OPP

2019



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.059

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-814

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triallate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.025

mg/kg/day

OPP 2019

Stout and
Thake 1987;
Vigneault
1988

decreased survival; decreased mean body weights and increased adrenal
weight in males

general population

33.8

148

[431]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0717

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2019

Stout et al.
1983

hepatocellular carcinomas and renal tubular cell adenomas

general population

33.8

0.413

[431]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2019











[431]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.0717

(mg/kg/day)A-l

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.16

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.000446

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.16

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Health-Based Screening Level

0.000446

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.025

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2700

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

800

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

90

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

1.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

15.9

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0144544

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.687

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.189

no units

TEST QSAR



A-815

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triallate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

9.433

92

Sites

0.98

0.001

0.008

0.059

0.65





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

2.030

82

Sites

4.04

0.001

0.008

0.059

0.65





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

7.403

10

Sites

0.14

0.0011

0.002

0.021

0.23

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

10

471,417

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

1

10



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

1

Sites

5.88

0.12

0.12

0.12

0.12

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

549

2

Sites

0.36

0.219

0.236

0.247

0.254

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,094

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,643

2

Sites

0.12

0.219

0.236

0.247

0.254

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

590

1

Sites

0.17

0.003

0.003

0.003

0.003

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000102



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.39965

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

293.256

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00012696

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000402717

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000293

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000345

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

453.67

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

90.7821

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000154671

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.51044

no units



A-816

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triallate

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

431

USEPA. 2019. Triallate. Human Health Draft Risk Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0573-0018. DP No. D452964. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-817

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tribufos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID1024174

Insecticide; cotton defoliant

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

1

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.3

inhibition of red blood cell chol in esterase in

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.36742

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR4

2018-2019

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-818

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tribufos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0002

mg/kg/day

OPP 2015

Sheets and
Gilmore
2001

inhibition of red blood cell cholinesterase in females

bottle-fed infants

151

0.265

[359]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L/NL



OPP 2015











[3591



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

0.007

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.001

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.0006

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.0006

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.0001

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

435

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

77

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

0.4

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.1

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

3

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

15.68

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0004487

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.199

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.084

no units

TEST QSAR



A-819

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tribufos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019

3.647

2

Sites

0.05

0.0742

0.237

0.367

0.4





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

4.417

21

Sites

0.48

0.00313

0.016

0.102

0.246





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

430

19

Sites

4.42

0.00313

0.016

0.0766

0.176





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

3.987

2

Sites

0.05

0.009

0.128

0.199

0.246

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

17

2,903,908

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

1

10



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

< 25K

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

13

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

779

8

Sites

1.03

0.005

0.0255

0.219

0.227

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

2,510

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

3,288

8

Sites

0.24

0.005

0.0255

0.219

0.227

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

6

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,773

2

Sites

0.11

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000176



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

273.028

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

343.854

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000738

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000101

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000337

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000178238

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

333.052

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

42.462

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000412

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.67262

no units



A-820

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tribufos

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

359

USEPA. 2015. Tribufos: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0883-0011. DP No. D357537. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-821

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tributyl phosphate (TNBP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Tributyl phosphate (TNBP)

CASRN:

126-73-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID3021986

Use:

Flame-retardant component of aircraft hydraulic flu id;
solvent

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants

X

PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

carcinogen with linear MOA

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

3

bladder neoplasia (combined incidence of
transitional cell and squamous cell
carcinomas, and papillomas)

general population

PPRTV

2010



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.17

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-822

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tributyl phosphate (TNBP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.011

mg/kg/day

PPRTV 2010

Bio/dynamic
s Inc.,
1991b

"cholinergic salivation"

general population

33.8

65.1

[316]























Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.08

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2012

Arnold etal.
1997

"urinary bladder hyperplasia"

general population

33.8

473

[31]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.009

(mg/kg/day)A-l

PPRTV 2010

Auletta et
al. 1998a

bladder neoplasia (combined incidence of transitional cell and squamous
cell carcinomas, and papillomas)

general population

33.8

3.29

[316]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



PPRTV 2010











[316]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations















Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2011-09-01

2019-12-17

454

0

0



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

1.1

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.08

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.03

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

20000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

400

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

5.4

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0151705

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.08

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.354

no units

TEST QSAR



A-823

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tributyl phosphate (TNBP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

571

36

Sites

6.3

0.006

0.06

0.17

0.92





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

28

Sites

32

0.006

0.06

0.17

0.92





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

483

8

Sites

1.66

0.02

0.05

0.161

0.17

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

1

Sites

100





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

724

233

Sites

32

0.004

0.027

0.092

4.69

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

692

47

Sites

6.79

0.007

0.0315

0.352

0.98

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,416

280

Sites

20

0.004

0.027

0.1

4.69

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.087



0.087

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

14

Sites

37

0.0116

0.0601

0.114

0.503

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

20

Sites

95

0.082

0.14

0.27

1.1

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ dav)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000471





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.67987

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

284.939

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

281.321

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00171598

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000174985

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00139101

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00312608

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

29.4881

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

8.26038

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000113

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.76206

no units



A-824

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tributyl phosphate (TNBP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

31

ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for Phosphate Ester Flame Retardants. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

316

USEPA. 2010. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Tributyl phosphate. EPA/690/R-20/024F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for
Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-825

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triclopyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Triclopyr

CASRN:

55335-06-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID0032497

Use:

Herbicide; woody plants and many broad-leaved
weeds in grassland, uncultivated land, industrial
areas, coniferous forests, plantation crops and rice
fields.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

300

proximal renal tube degeneration

general population

OPP

2016



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.3

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-826

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triclopyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.05

mg/kg/day

OPP 2016

Vedula et
al., 1995

proximal renal tube degeneration

general population

33.8

296

[374]



Cancer Classification (CC)

D



OPP 2016











[3741



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

1

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.3

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.3

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.05

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2140

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

310

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

200

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in

1.89

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

20

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

0.5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

5

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.002729

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.049

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.559

no units

TEST QSAR



A-827

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triclopyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

7.742

257

Sites

3.32

0.0028

0.075

0.3

16





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

1.196

248

Sites

21

0.0028

0.0748

0.3

16





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

6.546

9

Sites

0.14

0.01

0.16

0.362

1.1

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

43

1,790,323

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001-2013

17

7

Sites

41

0.0027

0.01

0.0393

0.566

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

479

117

Sites

24

0.0057

0.0723

0.289

13

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

1,059

3

Sites

0.28

0.04

0.31

0.314

0.316

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,538

120

Sites

7.8

0.0057

0.0728

0.299

13

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001-2013

229

28

Sites

12

0.002664

0.00965

0.0493

3.6

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001-2013

219

21

Sites

9.59

0.002664

0.00266

0.0164

3.6

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

12

7

Sites

58

0.0027

0.00999

0.0507

0.847

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

1,372

524

Sites

38

0.05

0.208

1.8

250

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.0198

0.148

2.9

5.6413

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

690

1

Sites

0.14

0.246

0.246

0.246

0.246

ug/L



USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

126

13

Samples

10







3.1

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000104



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.53784

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

307.12

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

325.714

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000216

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000741

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00157866

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00113501

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

3.14686

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

6.223

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.36E-09

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

2.51566

no units



A-828

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triclopyr

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

374

USEPA. 2016. Triclopyr. Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for Section 18 Emergency Exemption Request for Use on Sugarcane in Louisiana (LA). EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0036-0002. DP No. D436366.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-829

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triclosan

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Triclosan

CASRN:

3380-34-5

DTXSID:

DTXSID5032498

Use:

Antiseptic/disinfectant/antimicrobial in personal care
products and household goods; pesticide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro

X

Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

reproductive and developmental effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

2000

20% decrease in T4 and associations with
neu rode ve lop mental and cognitive deficits

women of
child bearing age

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.135

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-830

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triclosan

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.27

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Stoker et al.,
2010; Zorilla
et al., 2010

20% decrease in T4 and associations with neurodevelopmental and
cognitive deficits

women of child bearing age

35.4

1530

[408]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[4081



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.05

mg/L

MN DOH



Acute Human Health Benchmark

2

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.05

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

2

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

2

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.3

mg/kg/day

EPA H HBP



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.05

mg/L

MN DOH



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3700

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

4530

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

15

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

300

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

100

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

50

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

36.79

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

25

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0000468

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.402

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.627

no units

TEST QSAR



A-831

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triclosan

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

567

31

Sites

5.47

0.01

0.04

0.135

0.56





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

29

Sites

33

0.01

0.04

0.149

0.56





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

479

2

Sites

0.42

0.02

0.045

0.06

0.07

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

2

1

Sites

50

3

3

3

3

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009-2010

8

5

Samples

62

0

1.4e-06



5.96e-05 +/-
2.57e-05

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

3

1

Sites

33

3

3

3

3

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

725

117

Sites

16

0.02

0.09

0.26

15.6

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

690

9

Sites

1.3

0.03

0.06

0.071

0.08

ug/L



National Water information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,415

126

Sites

8.9

0.02

0.09

0.254

15.6

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

12



0.00271



0.0035

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

23

Sites

61

0.00152

0.0146

0.0928

0.534

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009-2010

8

5

Samples

62

0

3.3e-06



0.0001058 +/-
6.31e-05

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

8

Sites

38

0.12

0.28

0.949

0.97

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000141





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

172

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.47143

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

342.344

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

369.746

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.000000453

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000453

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000298

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000454

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

94.8967

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

1698.24

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

6.29E-10

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.94675

no units



A-832

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Triclosan

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

408

USEPA. 2018. Registration Review Draft Risk Assessment for Triclosan. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0811-0020. DP Nos. 449415, 449416. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

A-833

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Trifloxyst robin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Trifloxyst rob in

CASRN:

141517-21-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID4032580

Use:

Fungicide

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

reproductive and developmental effects

9

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(«"gA)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

50

maternal decreased body weight and lesions
in the liver, kidney and spleen; offspring
decreased body weight during lactation

bottle-fed infants

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.008552

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.00017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-834

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Trifloxystrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.038

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Khalil 1997

maternal decreased body weight and lesions in the liver, kidney and
spleen; offspring decreased body weight during lactation

bottle-fed infants

151

50.3

[412]



Cancer Classification (CC)

NL



OPP 2018











[4121



Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Human Health Benchmark

69

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Acute PAD

2.5

mg/kg/day

EPA HHBP



Chronic Human Health Benchmark

0.24

mg/L

EPA HHBP



Health-Based Screening Level

0.24

mg/L

Health-based screening levels from USGS



Population-Adjusted Dose (PAD)

0.038

mg/kg/day

EPAHHBP



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

4000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

5000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LOAEL

29.700001

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

250

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

3.9

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Percent of active toxcast in

24.02

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Subchronic LOAEL

127

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic LOAEL

150

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Subchronic NOAEL

30

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

Subchronic NOAEL

32.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0014555

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.189

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.886

no units

TEST QSAR



A-835

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Trifloxystrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

1.763

100

Sites

5.67

0.00011

0.00115

0.00855

0.486





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

324

98

Sites

30

0.00011

0.00115

0.00807

0.486





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

1.439

2

Sites

0.14

0.00065

0.12

0.192

0.24

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

48

796,042

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

433

14

Sites

3.23

0.00014

0.00475

0.0638

0.216

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

531

1

Sites

0.19

0.00226

0.00226

0.00226

0.00226

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

964

15

Sites

1.56

0.00014

0.00468

0.0495

0.216

ug/L



Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

254

1

Sites

0.39

0.067

0.067

0.067

0.067

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

1

Sites

2.63

0.045

0.045

0.045

0.045

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

584

1

Sites

0.17

6e-04

6e-04

6e-04

6e-04

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



1.91E-08





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54712

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

358.422

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR







Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

2.48E-08

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000109

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00000387

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00000448

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

99.2112

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

83.1764

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

1.28E-08

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

4.31154

no units



A-836

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Trifloxystrobin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

412

USEPA. 2018. Trifloxystrobin. Human Health Risk Assessment for the Proposed New Use on Flax Seed and Increase of Established Tolerance on Aspirated Grain Fractions. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0074-0049.
DP Nos. D442038 D444241. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-837

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Trifluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Chemical Notes:

DTXSID4021395

Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA

X

Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

3

carcinogen with linear MOA

9

2



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

10

thyroid follicular cell combined adenoma,
papillary adenoma, cystadenoma, and

general population

OPP

2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.025

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-838

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Trifluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.024

mg/kg/day

OPP 2018

Adams et al.
1992

increased frequency of abnormal stool, decreased body weight and
weight gain, decreased erythrocyte and hemoglobin, increased
thrombocytes

general population

33.8

142

[413]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.00296

(mg/kg/day)A-l

OPP 2018

Emmerson
eta 1.1980

thyroid follicular cell combined adenoma, papillary adenoma,
cystadenoma, and carcinoma in males

general population

33.8

10.0

[413]



Cancer Classification (CC)

C



OPP 2018











[413]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

10-day Health Advisory

0.08

mg/L

EPA DWSHA2018



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Drinking Water Guideline Value

0.02

mg/L

WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.01

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Lifetime Health Advisory

0.004

mg/L

EPA DWSHA 2018



Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)

0.045

mg/L

Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice N

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats N

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

10000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

500

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LOAEL

3.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

LOAEL

500

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

NOAEL

0.8

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

min

NOAEL

225

mg/kg/day

EPA Toxicity Reference Database

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

10.44

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



TD50

263

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

TD50

5440

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0136773

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.445

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

1.145

no units

TEST QSAR



A-839

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Trifluralin

CCL5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2
OCCURRENCE DATA
Scoring Data

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

10,201

485

Sites

4.75

0.001

0.005

0.025

1.74

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

2,075

421

Sites

20

0.001

0.005

0.025

1.74

ug/L



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

8,127

64

Sites

0.79

0.001

0.005

0.014

0.057

u«/L























PesticideApplication Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)

47

8,578,613

2016



Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

13

11,482



Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data -CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

60

0

Sites

0













Drinking Water Monitoring Data -WA (Finished)

2006 - 2011

481

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Finished)

2001 - 2013

15

1

Sites

6.67

0.0025

0.0025

0.0025

0.0025

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009 - 2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

604

3

Sites

0.5

0.5

31

174

210

ug/L



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - WA (Source)

2006 - 2011

635

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

811

121

Sites

15

6.00E-05

0.003

0.0147

0.323

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

2,670

28

Sites

1.05

0.001

0.003

0.0164

0.113

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

3,480

149

Sites

4.28

6.00E-05

0.003

0.015

0.323

ug/L



USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Combined Groundwater And Untreated)

2001 - 2013

225

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Groundwater)

2001 - 2013

218

0

Sites

0













USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) (Untreated)

2001-2013

8

0

Sites

0













Surface Water Database (SURF) California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation (Ambient) [451]

1990-2018

2,711

254

Sites

9.37

0.003

0.024

0.234

3.3

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

15

Sites

39

2.75e-05

0.000138

0.0188

0.0473

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012-2013

106

0

Sites

0













USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0













USGS, McKenzie River, Oregon, 2012 (Ambient) [158]

2002-2010

133

3

Samples

2.3







0.002

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mgAg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000157





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water7' data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.54291

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

365.036

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

369.442

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000523

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000292

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000496

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000002

mol/L



Bioconeentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1513.15

no units



Bioconeentration factor

TEST QSAR

149.624

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.0000755

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

5.27633

no units



A-840

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Trifluralin

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

7

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulorigoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

158

Reconnaissance of Land-Use Sources of Pesticides in Drinking Water, McKenzie River, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, 46 p. plus appendixes.

413

USEPA. 2018. Trifluralin: Acute, Chronic, and Cancer Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk Assessment for the Section 3 Registration Action on Rosemary and Crop Group
Conversions to Support Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0420-0006. DP Nos. D445916 D447175. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

451

Zhang, X., Ensminger, M., Deng, X., Budd, R., Xie, Y., Wang, D.,... & Goh, K. S. (2019). The Surface Water Database (SURF): A California Database for Surface Water Pesticide Monitoring Data. In Pesticide
in Surface Water: Monitoring, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Management (pp. 215-232). American Chemical Society.

A-841

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

tris(l,3-dichloro-2-propYl) phosphate (TDCP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

tris( 1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCP)

CASRN:

13674-87-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID9026261

Use:

Flame-retardant in plastics and as a secondary

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

5

non-cancer effects

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

100

renal tubule epithelial hyperplasia

general population

ATSDR

2012



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.157

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-842

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

tris(l,3-dichloro-2-propyI) phosphate (TDCP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.02

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2012

Stauffer
Chemical
Co. 1981

renal tubule epithelial hyperplasia

general population

33.8

118

[31]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Hepatic

0.0026

Deng 2018

Cardiovascular, Respiratory

500

Wang 2019

2011-09-01

2020-02-13

233

5

8

5

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.00008

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.009

mg/L

MN DOH



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.05

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance
Value

0.02

mg/L

MN DOH



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1850

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

2670

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in

24.79

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.004529

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.601

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.546

no units

TEST QSAR



A-843

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

tris(l,3-dichIoro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

567

39

Sites

6.88

0.01

0.07

0.157

0.52





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

33

Sites

38

0.01

0.08

0.163

0.52





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

479

6

Sites

1.25

0.02

0.03

0.068

0.08

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

720

278

Sites

39

0.01

0.08

0.21

14.9

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

687

64

Sites

9.32

0.02

0.095

0.266

0.44

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,407

342

Sites

24

0.01

0.08

0.23

14.9

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

12

Sites

32

0.11

0.336

0.501

0.583

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

19

Sites

90

0.13

0.22

0.317

0.4

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000181





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicatethere were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

4.07587

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

313.35

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

373.105

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.00000524

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.0000164

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0000446

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.0000881

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

12.6458

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

14.9279

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000168

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no 1/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.64426

no units



A-844

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

tris(l,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

31

ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for Phosphate Ester Flame Retardants. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-845

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tris(2-butozylethyl) phosphate (TBEP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Tris(2-butozylethyl) phosphate (TBEP)

CASRN:

78-51-3

DTXSID:

DTXSID5021758

Use:

Primary plasticizerfor most resins and elastomers;
floor finishes and waxes; flame-retarding agent.

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUM MARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude





9

5



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date















Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.98

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-846

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tris(2-butozylethyl) phosphate (TBEP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

[31]

NOTE: Though there is no
chronic duration MRL
available, the intermediate
duration MRL is 0.09
mg/kg/day based on
hepatocyte vacuolization
seen in an 18-week rat study.
The ECHADNELvalue
appears to be based on the
same subchronic duration
study	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.25

mg/kg/day

EC HA 2010

Reyna 1987

liver effects

general population

33.8

1.48

[741



Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAE L
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review













2011-09-01

2019-10-22

148

0

4



Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

4.8

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.09

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

3000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB



Percent of active toxcast in

10.9

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0127938

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.045

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.501

no units

TEST QSAR



A-847

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tris(2-butozylethyl) phosphate (TBEP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

566

36

Sites

6.36

0.1

0.2

0.98

9.9





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

26

Sites

30

0.1

0.3

1.18

9.9





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

478

10

Sites

2.09

0.1

0.1

0.3

0.5

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

1M - 10M

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

725

291

Sites

40

0.04

0.36

1.03

31.9

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

690

58

Sites

8.41

0.07

0.4

0.9

8

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,415

349

Sites

25

0.04

0.36

1.02

31.9

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.47



0.47

ug/L



Bradley etal. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

10

Sites

26

0.244

0.488

0.835

1.11

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

17

Sites

81

0.4

2.9

14.4

19

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.0000929



Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial datasetand will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.67989

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

345.446

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

353.92

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0000171

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.00000378

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.00231797

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000592925

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

6.05572

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

6.09537

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.00000725

atm-mA3/mol



Octanol/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.61399

no units



A-848

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tris(2-butozylethyl) phosphate (TBEP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

31

ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for Phosphate Ester Flame Retardants. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

74

ECHA. Registration Dossier for Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), Helsinki, Finland. https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14166/10
Accessed 2/5/2020.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-849

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tris(chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Tris(chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)

CASRN:

115-96-8

DTXSID:

DTXSID5021411

Use:

Flame-retardant in plastics and urethanes

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

4

carcinogen with linear MOA

9

4



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

1

renal tubular cell adenomas and carcinomas

general population

PPRTV

2009



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.142

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-850

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tris(chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.2

mg/kg/day

ATSDR2012

NTP 1991

renal tubule epithelial hyperplasia

general population

33.8

1180

[31]



Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.007

mg/kg/day

PPRTV 2009

Matthews
etal., 1990;
NTP, 1991

increased absolute and relative liver and kidney weights

general population

33.8

41.4

[304]



Cancer Slope Factor (CSF)

0.02

(mg/kg/day)A-l

PPRTV 2009

NTP, 1991;
Matthews
etal., 1993

combined incidence of renal tubular cell adenomas and carcinomas

general population

33.8

1.48

[304]



Cancer Classification (CC)

L



PPRTV 2009











[304]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Gastrointestinal, Hepatic

0.0256

Deng, 2018

Systemic

100

Yang, 2018

2011-09-01

2020-01-28

357

5

3

4

Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute Health-Based Guidance Value

0.3

mg/L

MN DOH



Cancer Classification (CC)

3

no units

WHO IARC



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.0005

mg/L

MN DOH



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.6

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Short-Term/Subchronic Health-Based Guidance

0.2

mg/L

MN DOH



Value









Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.02

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Mice EE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Female.Rats P

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Mice EE

no units

HHSNTP



Cancer Classification (CC)

Male.Rats P

no units

HHS NTP



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0015704

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

0.976

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.483

no units

TEST QSAR



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

1866

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

LD50

430

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

Percent of active toxcast in

0.29

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



vitro assays tested









TD50

23600000

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

max

TD50

39.9

mg/kg/day

NIH CPDB

min

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

A-851

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tris(chloroetiiyl)phosphate (TCEP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

567

56

Sites

9.88

0.01

0.07

0.142

0.44





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

88

42

Sites

48

0.01

0.07

0.16

0.44





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

479

14

Sites

2.92

0.01

0.04

0.086

0.13

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

25K-100K

Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

0









ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Finished) [155]

2009-2010

8

7

Samples

88

0

3.7e-06



2.04e-05 +/-
5.8e-06

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Finished) [153]

2009-2010

1

0

Sites

0





































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

725

291

Sites

40

0.01

0.07

0.21

7.66

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

690

62

Sites

8.99

0.01

0.06

0.195

1.88

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

1,415

353

Sites

25

0.01

0.07

0.21

7.66

ug/L



Glassmeyer et a 1 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.065



0.065

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

15

Sites

39

0.0416

0.18

0.282

0.487

ug/L



Padhye et al. 2013 (Ambient) [155]

2009-2010

8

7

Samples

88

0

5.6e-06



5.17e-05 +/-
1.9e-06

ug/L



USGS, Sioux Falls Area, 2012 (Ambient) [153]

2009-2010

2

2

Sites

100





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

21

Sites

100

0.2

0.415

0.57

0.73

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.00000696





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

3.67993

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

321.803

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

295.075

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

0.0350806

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

0.000645654

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.0265137

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.00506991

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

1.32172

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

5.01187

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000128

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

1.52722

no units



A-852

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tris(chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP)

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

31

ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for Phosphate Ester Flame Retardants. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

153

Occurrence of anthropogenic organic compounds and nutrients in source and finished water in the Sioux Falls area, South Dakota, 2009-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2012-5098, 21 p. plus appendixes.

155

Padhye, L.P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F.T., and Huang, C.H. Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking
water treatment plant. 2014. Water Research 51 (2014) 266-276.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

304

USEPA. 2009. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP) (CASRN 115-96-8). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Nationa
Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-853

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tungsten

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Tungsten

CASRN:

7440-33-7

DTXSID:

DTXSID8052481

Use:

Metal, in plating material and textiles

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts



Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANTSUMMARY& DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

10

6



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

5

glandular stomach goblet cell metaplasia

general population

PPRTV

2015



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

3.99

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-854

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tungsten

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDWand OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.0008

mg/kg/day

PPRTV 2015

USACHPPM
2007a and b

glandular stomach goblet cell metaplasia

general population

33.8

4.73

[356]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



PPRTV 2015











[356]









ATSDR2005











[25]



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Immune, Renal, Hematologic

17.7

Frawley, 2016

Respiratory, Systemic

284

Frawley, 2016

2014-09-01

2020-01-21

805

2

29

2

Other Health Data

Data Element

I Value

Units 1

Source

I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Subchronic Provisional RfD

I 0.008

mg/kg/day I EPA PPRTV



I

Data Element I Value | Units | Source I Notes
Measured Data and Assessment Results	

Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-855

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tungsten

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev (NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

21

17

Sites

81

0.06

0.376

3.99

22.1





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

4

3

Sites

75

0.1

0.7

1.88

2.3





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

17

14

Sites

82

0.06

0.376

4.4

22.1

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)







Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)





Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M - 50M

Non-Scoring Data









Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



















































Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

82

49

Sites

60

0.003

1.04

3.01

42.2

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

1,175

722

Sites

61

0.001

0.232

8.32

5060

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

1,257

771

Sites

61

0.001

0.26

5.9

5060

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure









Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)

0.263

ug/l



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blankfields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-856

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Tungsten

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

25

ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Tungsten. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

356

USEPA. 2015. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Soluble Tungsten Compounds. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for
Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-857

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Vanadium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Vanadium

CASRN:

7440-62-2

DTXSID:

DTXSID2040282

Use:

Use data a re for vanadium pentoxide: Chemical
intermediate; catalyst; naturally-occurring

Chemical Notes:

This CIS also contains some data for the following:

-Vanadium, elemental

-Vanadium compounds

-Vanadium and compounds

-Vanadium (except when contained in an alloy)

-Vanadium, total

-Vanadium pentoxide

Isthe contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA

X

FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



Pub Med Neurotoxicants

X

Neurodev. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neurodev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT INFORMATION

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

7

non-cancer effects

10

7



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

("g/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

HRL

0.4

" kid ney toxicity"

general population

PPRTV

2009



Cone, in water for HQ

("g/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished or Ambient
(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

12.4

90th Percentile

Finished Water

UCMR3

2013-2015

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS



RD1

RD 2

RD 3

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Basis

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and multiplied by a Relative Source
Contribution of 20%.

Green highlighting indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.

A-858

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Vanadium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination	

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mLAg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00007

mg/kg/day

PPRTV 2009

Boscolo et
al. 1994

"kidney toxicity"

general population

33.8

0.414

[305]



Cancer Classification (CC)

I



PPRTV2009











[3051









ATSDR2012











[321



Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

Neurological

38.51

Sun,2017

Hepatic, Renal

83.7

Wang, 2016

2011-09-01

2019-10-22

1233

19

53

2

Other Health Data

Data Element I Value I Units I Source I Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Acute inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.0008

mg/mA3

CDC ATSDR



Benchmark

0.015

mg/L

CalEPA OEHHA Chemical Database

vanadium and compounds
otherthan vanadium
pentoxide

Chronic Health-Based Guidance Value

0.05

mg/L

MN DOH



Chronic inhalation Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.0001

mg/mA3

CDC ATSDR



Intermediate Minimal Risk Level (MRL)

0.01

mg/kg/day

CDC ATSDR



Subchronic Provisional RfD

0.0007

mg/kg/day

EPA PPRTV

vanadium and soluble
inorganic compounds other
than vanadium pentoxide

Notes: Yellow highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final CCL 5.
Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.

PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

2000

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max; vanadium, elemental

LD50

23

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min; vanadium compounds

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50





TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test





TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test





TEST QSAR



A-859

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Vanadium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDWand OST

October 2022

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevak

nee

Magnitude



Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 4

2018 - 2019





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013 - 2015

4.922

3.625

Sites

74

0.2

1.3

12.4

193





Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008 - 2010





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Sutvev (NIRS)

1984 -1986

989

146

Sites

15

3

7

23

70





Ambient Water



Prevak

nee

Magnitude



National Water Qualitv Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991 - 2017

5.985

4.753

Sites

79

0.02

1.5

8.8

294





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991 - 2017

274

176

Sites

64

0.04

1.5

5.9

54.8





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991 - 2017

5.711

4.577

Sites

80

0.02

1.4

17.5

294

	ug/L



Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)

Notes

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)

12

692,638

vanadium (except when contained
in an alloy)



45

33,542,802

vanadium compounds

Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)

10M -50M

Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Finished)

2006 - 2020

213

123

Sites

58

0.844

5

12

76

ug/L

vanadium, total

Glassmeyeret al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

16



3.4



4.9

ug/L



Community WaterSystem Survey (CWSS) (Finished) [178]

2006

3

NA

Sites





2.225

4.1



ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Drinking Water Monitoring Data - CA (Source)

2006 - 2020

1,704

1,279

Sites

75

0.0044

6.68

26

262

ug/L

vanadium, total

National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008 - 2017

1,056

964

Sites

91

0.01

1.8

8.3

801

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008 - 2017

5,214

3,986

Sites

76

0.01

3.7

27.2

1000

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008 - 2017

6,258

4,941

Sites

79

0.01

2.4

17.7

1000

ug/L



Glassmeyeret al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007 - 2012

25

NA

Sites

44



2.3



5.8

ug/L



Arnold et al. 2016 (Filtered) [7]

2012 - 2013

757

510

Sites

67

0.08

0.48

13

62.3

ug/L



























Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude





















































Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/day)

Notes

Expocast exposure







Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring. Green highlighted data indicates a change made between the draft and final
CCL 5.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.

State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

A-860

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Vanadium

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet EPA-OGWDW and OST October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove, MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National Water-Quality
Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for Vanadium. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking waters of
the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

178

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey. Overview, 57.

305

USEPA. 2009. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Vanadium and Its Soluble Inorganic Compounds Other Than Vanadium Pentoxide (CASRN 7440-62-2 and Others), Derivation of Subchronic and
Chronic Oral RfDs. EPA/690/R-09/070F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support
Center, Cincinnati, OH.

A-861

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Verapamil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet

EPA-OGWDWand OST

CONTAMINANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

Name:

Verapamil

CASRN:

52-53-9

DTXSID:

DTXSID9041152

Use:

Anti-arrhythmia agent

Chemical Notes:



Is the contaminant on any lists?

CERCLA



FIFRA



Human Neurotoxicants



PubMed Neu rotoxica nts

X

Neu rode v. Disruptors



Androgen Receptors in vitro



Compounds with neu rod ev effects, Mundy et a 12015



CONTAMINANT SUMMARY & DECISION

CCL5 List Decision

Not List

ATTRIBUTE SCORE & FINAL HAZARD QUOTIENT IN FORMATION

Potency

Severity

Prevalence

Magnitude

6

non-cancer effects

4

1



Health Reference
Level (HRL) or CCL
Screening Level (SL)

HRL or SL value

(ug/L)

Critical Effect

Target Pop.

Assessment

Assessment
Pub. Date

SL

5

lowest therapeutic dose: management of
hypertension

bottle-fed infants

FDA; NIH

2018; 2018



Cone, in water for
HQ (ug/L)

90th Percentile or Maximum (if measured cone)

Finished orAmbient

(FW, SW, GW, WW)

Source

Date

0.001886

90th Percentile

All Ambient Water

NAWQA

1991-2017

Final Hazard Quotient (HQ)

0.00038

PUBLIC NOMINATION STATUS

Public Nomination

PAST CCL STATUS

PAST NEGATIVE REGULATORY DETERMINATION STATUS

Notes: The final hazard quotient is the ratio of the contaminant's concentration in water to its Health Reference Level (HRL) or CCL Screening Level.

The HRL or CCL Screening Level for carcinogens is equivalent to the one-in-a-million cancer risk expressed as a drinking water concentration. For non-carcinogens, the toxicity value (RfD or equivalent) is divided by an exposure factor (i.e. drinking water intake level) relevant to the target population and critical effect and
multiplied by a Relative Source Contribution of 20%.

A-862

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EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Verapamil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
HEALTH EFFECTS DATA

Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors, and HRL Determination

EPA-OGWDWand OST

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

HRL (ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes























Non-Qualifying Assessments, Exposure Factors,

and CCL Screening Level Determinations

Data Element

Value

Units

Assessment
Source

Critical
Study

Critical Effect

Target Population

Exposure Factor
(mL/kg-day)

CCL Screening Level
(ug/L)

Assessment Full
Citation

Notes

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00075

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Ranbaxy
Laboratories
Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose: management of hypertension

bottle-fed infants

151

0.993

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Reference Dose (RfD) or Equivalent

0.00075

mg/kg/day

FDA 2018;
NIH 2018

Ranbaxy
Laboratories
Inc.

lowest therapeutic dose: management of hypertension

general population

33.8

4.44

[77] [150]

NOTE: (Lowest Therapeutic
Dose/3000x UF) is used in
place of an RfD; LTDs were
obtained from FDA-approved
drug labels

Literature Search Summary

Lowest LOAEL Health Effects

Lowest LOAEL
(mg/kg
bw/day)

Lowest LOAEL Study

Highest NOAEL Health
Effects

Highest NOAEL
(mg/kg bw/day)

Highest NOAEL Study

Start Date of
Search

End Date of
Search

No. Unique References
identified in lit search

No. Animal Studies
passed Title-abstract
Screen

No. Human
Studies passed
Title-abstract
Screen

No. PECO Relevant Studies
passed full-text review

























Other Health Data

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

Screening level for pharmaceutical - general

0.017647059

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



population









Screening level for pharmaceutical - infants

0.005

mg/L

EPA Office of Water



Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Measured Data and Assessment Results

LD50

108

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

min

LD50

163

mg/kg

NIH HSDB

max

Percent of active toxcast in
vitro assays tested

14.04

percent

EPA Chemistry Dashboard



Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

The full citation for the critical study is provided in the corresponding health assessment.
PECO = Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome.

Data Element

Value

Units

Source

Notes

Modeled Data

LD50

0.0010568

mo l/kg

TEST QSAR



Ames mutagenicity test

-0.173

no units

TEST QSAR



Developmental toxin test

0.641

no units

TEST QSAR



A-863

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Verapamil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet
OCCURRENCE DATA

EPA-OGWDW and OST

Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/

Number of
Detects

PWS/Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR)4

2018-2019





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 3

2013-2015





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 2

2008-2010





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) 1

2001 - 2003





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 2

1993 -1997





















Unregulated Contam

nant Monitoring-State (UCM-State) Round 1

1988 -1992





















National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survev(NIRS)

1984 -1986





















Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (All Water)

1991-2017

557

2

Sites

0.36

0.00031

0.0013

0.00189

0.00228





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Surface Water)

1991-2017

75

2

Sites

2.67

0.00031

0.0013

0.00189

0.00228





National Water Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) (Ground Water)

1991-2017

482

0

Sites

0













Pesticide Application Data

Number of States

Amount Applied
(lbs/year)

Date



Toxic Release Data

Number of
States

Amount Released
(lbs/year)



Chemical Production Data

Production Volume (lbs/year)

Estimated Annual Agricultural Pesticide Use (USGS)









Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
Program (EPA) (2016)







Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
Results (EPA) (2016)



Non-Scoring Data



















Non-Nationally Representative Water Data

Date

Number of
PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Number of
Detects

PWS/ Sites/
Samples

Percent with
Detects

Minimum Cone.
(Detects)

Median Cone.
(Detects)

90th Percentile
(Detects)

Maximum Cone.
(Detects)

Cone. Units

Notes

Finished Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Finished) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.0267



0.0267

ug/L



























Ambient Water



Prevalence

Magnitude



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Surface Water)

2008-2017

210

9

Sites

4.29

4.00E - 04

0.0184

0.0541

0.161

ug/L



National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (Groundwater)

2008-2017

401

0

Sites

0













National Water Information System (USGS NWIS) (All Water)

2008-2017

611

9

Sites

1.47

4.00E - 04

0.0184

0.0541

0.161

ug/L



Glassmeyer et al 2017 (Ambient) [86]

2007-2012

25

NA

Sites

4



0.0459



0.0459

ug/L



Batt et al. 2016 (Ambient) [46]

2008 - 2009

182

39

Sites

21

9e-04

0.0032

0.015

0.0358

ug/L



Bradley et al. 2017 (Ambient) [52]

2012-2014

38

6

Sites

16

0.0007812

0.00358

0.0099

0.0129033

ug/L



Bexfieid et al. 2019 (Groundwater) [49]

2013-2015

1,106

0

Sites

0





































Waste Water Effluent



Prevalence

Magnitude



Scott et al. 2018 (Wastewater) [161]

2011-2017

21

12

Sites

57

0.0095317

0.0228

0.132

4.119285

ug/L



Kostich et al. 2014 (Wastewater) [126]

not reported

49

39

Sites

80

0.0053

0.021

0.0502

0.0971

ug/L



Batt et al. (2008) via Kostich et al. 2010 (Wastewater) [127]

2010

NA

NA











0.19

ug/L





























Estimated Concentration in Water

Date

Source

Value

Units

Model

Notes















Predicted Exposure Data
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Date

Total Predicted
Exposure (mg/kg
bw/ day)

Notes

Expocast exposure



0.000000276





Biomonitoring Data

Detection at 90th
Percentile

Units

Notes

NHANES biomonitoring detection in serum (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in blood (1999-2016)







NHANES biomonitoring detection in urine (1999-2016)







Notes: Highlighted data indicate value was used in attribute scoring.

Blank fields indicate there were no data available.

"All Water" data from NWIS and NAWQA are combined surface water and groundwater data.

Monitoring dates for non-scoring data and NAWQA are not chemical-specific and may not contain samples for all years listed.
State Drinking Water Monitoring Data with a max date range of 2020 may contain few samples from early 2020.

UCMR 4 data used in the CCL5 is a partial dataset and will be complete in Dec. 2020.

Modeled Environmental Fate Parameters
(EPA CompTox Dashboard)

Source

Value

Units

Notes

Biodegradation half-life

OPERA QSAR

7.28169

days



Boiling point

OPERA QSAR

425.134

degree C



Boiling point

TEST QSAR

489.98

degree C



Vapor pressure

OPERA QSAR

6.02E-10

mmHg



Vapor pressure

TEST QSAR

1.22E-09

mmHg



Solubility in water

OPERA QSAR

0.000000569

mol/L



Solubility in water

TEST QSAR

0.000000891

mol/L



Bioconcentration factor

OPERA QSAR

200.744

no units



Bioconcentration factor

TEST QSAR

197.242

no units



Henry's Law constant

OPERA QSAR

0.000000428

atm-mA3/mol



0 eta no l/water partitioning coeff. (log Kow)

OPERA QSAR

3.88495

no units



A-864

-------
EPA - Office of Water

Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA 815-R-22-003
October 2022

Verapamil

CCL 5 Contaminant Information Sheet	EPA-OGWDW and OST	October 2022

Reference
Number

Full Reference

46

Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a Nationaicale Rivers and Streams
Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

49

Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States. Environmental
Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

52

Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T.,... & Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

77

FDA. 2018. Drugs @ FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/.

86

Glassmeyer, S.T., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Batt, A.L., Benson, R., Boone, J.S.,... & Wilson, V.S. (2017). Nationwide reconnaissance of contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking
waters of the United States. Science of The Total Environment. v581-582, (909-922).

126

Kostich MS, et al. 2014 Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation. Environ Pollut. 2014
Jan;184:354-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013. Epub 2013 Oct 3. PMID: 24095705.

127

Kostich, MS, et al., 2010. Predicting variability of aquatic concentrations of human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 408 (20), 4504e4510.

150

NIH. 2018. DailyMed Database. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/.

161

Scott, T. M., Phillips, P. J., Kolpin, D. W., Colella, K. M., Furlong, E. T., Foreman, W. T., & Gray, J. L. (2018). Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical
load to US wastewaters. Science of the Total Environment, 636, 69-79.

A-865

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Technical Support Document for the
Final Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 5)
Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA815-R-22-003
October 2022

Appendix B Contaminant Information Sheet References

[1]	Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1993. Toxicological Profile for
Aldrin/Dieldrin (update). Atlanta: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 184 pp

[2]	Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1993. Toxicological Profile for
Aldrin/Dieldrin (update). Atlanta: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 184 pp.

[3]	Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1995. Toxicological Profile for
Naphthalene (Update). Atlanta: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 200pp.

[4]	Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1996. Toxicological Profile for 1,1,2,2-
Tetrachloroethane. Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Public Health Service,
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available on the Internet at:
http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp93.html.

[5]	Alvarez DA, Stackelberg PE, Petty JD, Huckins JN, Furlong ET, Zaugg SD, Meyer MT., 2005.

Comparison of a novel passive sampler to standard water-column sampling for organic contaminants
associated with wastewater effluents entering a New Jersey stream. Chemosphere. 61(5), pp.610-22

[6]	American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). 1984. Documentation of the
Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air. Third Edition. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH. 139 pp.

[7]	Arnold, T.L., DeSimone, L.A., Bexfield, L.M., Lindsey, B.D., Barlow, J.R., Kulongoski, J.T., Musgrove,
MaryLynn, Kingsbury, J.A., and Belitz, Kenneth, 2016, Groundwater quality data from the National
Water-Quality Assessment Project, May 2012 through December 2013 (ver. 1.1, November 2016): U.S.
Geological Survey Data Series 997, 56 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds997.

[8]	ATSDR. 1992. Toxicological Profile for 1,2,3-Trichloropropane. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[9]	ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Diethyl Phthalate. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[10]	ATSDR. 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR),
Atlanta, GA.

[11]	ATSDR. 1996. Toxicological Profile for Carbon Disulfide. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[12]	ATSDR. 1996. Toxicological Profile for Methyl tert-Butyl Ether. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR),
Atlanta, GA.

[13]	ATSDR. 1998. Toxicological Profile for Chloromethane. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

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Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA815-R-22-003
October 2022

[14]	ATSDR. 1999. Toxicological Profile for Chlorophenols. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[15]	ATSDR. 1999. TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR MERCURY. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[16]	ATSDR. 2000. Toxicological Profile for Aldrin/Dieldrin (Update). Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic
Substances and Disease Registry. 280 pp.

[17]	ATSDR. 2001. Toxicological Profile for Di-n-Butyl Phthalate. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[18]	ATSDR. 2002. Toxicological Profile for Aldrin/Dieldrin. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[19]	ATSDR. 2004. Toxicological Profile for Ammonia. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[20]	ATSDR. 2004. Toxicological Profile for Cobalt. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public
Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[21]	ATSDR. 2004. Toxicological Profile for Strontium. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[22]	ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, and Delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[23]	ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Naphthalene, 1-Methylnaphthalene, and 2-
Methylnaphthalene. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for
Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[24]	ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Tin and Tin Compounds. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR),
Atlanta, GA.

[25]	ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological Profile for Tungsten. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[26]	ATSDR. 2007. Toxicological Profile for Acrolein. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[27]	ATSDR. 2008. Toxicological Profile for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR),
Atlanta, GA.

[28]	ATSDR. 2010. Toxicological Profile for Boron. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public
Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[29]	ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for 1,3-Butadiene. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

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Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA815-R-22-003
October 2022

[30]	ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for 1,4-Dioxane. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[31]	ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for Phosphate Ester Flame Retardants. U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR),
Atlanta, GA.

[32]	ATSDR. 2012. Toxicological Profile for Vanadium. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[33]	ATSDR. 2013. Addendum to the Toxicological Profile for Mercury (Alkeyl and Dialkyl compounds).
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA

[34]	ATSDR. 2016. Toxicological Profile for Dinitrotoluenes. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[35]	ATSDR. 2017. Toxicological Profile for DEET (N,N-Diethyl-Meta-Toluamide). U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[36]	ATSDR. 2018. Toxicological Profile for Isophorone. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[37]	ATSDR. 2019.Toxicological Profile for Dinitrophenols DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT. U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry (ATSDR), Atlanta, GA.

[38]	Auriol M, Filali-Meknassi Y, Adams CD, Tyagi RD, Noguerol TN, Pina B., 2008. Removal of estrogenic
activity of natural and synthetic hormones from a municipal wastewater: efficiency of horseradish
peroxidase and laccase from Trametes versicolor. Chemosphere. 70(3), pp.445-52

[39]	Bailey, D.E. 1988. 14-Day oral toxicity study in the dog with AC 92 100 and its metabolites, CL 94 301
and CL94320. Unpublished report on HLA Study No. 362-190 (BASF RDI No.TE-420-007) from Hazleton
Laboratories America, Inc., Vienna, VA, USA (as cited in USEPA, 2003).

[40]	Barnes KK, Kolpin DW, Furlong ET, Zaugg SD, Meyer MT, Barber LB., 2008. A national
reconnaissance of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States-I)
groundwater. The Science of the total environment. 402(2-3), pp.192-200

[41]	Batt AL, Aga DS., 2005. Simultaneous analysis of multiple classes of antibiotics by ion trap
LC/MS/MS for assessing surface water and groundwater contamination. Analytical chemistry. 77(9),
pp.2940-7

[42]	Batt AL, Bruce IB, Aga DS, 2006 . Evaluating the vulnerability of surface waters to antibiotic
contamination from varying wastewater treatment plant discharges. Environmental pollution. 142(2),
pp.295-302

[43]	Batt AL, Kim S, Aga DS., 2006 . Enhanced biodegradation of iopromide and trimethoprim in nitrifying
activated sludge. Environmental science & technology. 40(23), pp.7367-73

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Contaminant Information Sheets

EPA815-R-22-003
October 2022

[44]	Batt AL, Kim S, Aga DS., 2007 . Comparison of the occurrence of antibiotics in four full-scale
wastewater treatment plants with varying designs and operations. Chemosphere. 68(3), pp.428-35

[45]	Batt AL, Kostich MS, Lazorchak JM., 2008 . Analysis of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals in
wastewater and surface water using selective solid-phase extraction and UPLC-MS/MS. Analytical
chemistry. 80(13), pp.5021-30

[46]	Batt, A. L., Kincaid, T. M., Kostich, M. S., Lazorchak, J. M., & Olsen, A. R. (2016). Evaluating the
extent of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the United States using a National-scale Rivers and
Streams Assessment survey. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(4), 874-881.

[47]	Benotti MJ, Brownawell BJ., 2007 . Distributions of pharmaceuticals in an urban estuary during both
dry- and wet-weather conditions. Environmental science & technology. 41(16), pp.5795-802

[48]	Benotti MJ, Trenholm RA, Vanderford BJ, Holady JC, Stanford BD, Snyder SA., 2009 .

Pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in U.S. drinking water. Environmental science &
technology. 43(3), pp.597-603

[49]	Bexfield, L.M., P.L. Toccalino, K. Belitz, W.T. Foreman, and E.T. Furlong. 2019. Hormones and
pharmaceuticals in groundwater used as a source of drinking water across the United States.
Environmental Science and Technology 53: 2950-2960.

[50]	Boyd GR, Palmeri JM, Zhang S, Grimm DA., 2004. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products
(PPCPs) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in stormwater canals and Bayou St. John in New
Orleans, Louisiana, USA. The Science of the total environment. 333(1-3), pp.137-48

[51]	Boyd GR, Reemtsma H, Grimm DA, Mitra S., 2003 . Pharmaceuticals and personal care products
(PPCPs) in surface and treated waters of Louisiana, USA and Ontario, Canada. The Science of the total
environment. 311(1-3), pp.135-49

[52]	Bradley, P. M., Journey, C. A., Romanok, K. M., Barber, L. B., Buxton, H. T., Foreman, W. T., ... &
Jones, D. K. (2017). Expanded target-chemical analysis reveals extensive mixed-organic-contaminant
exposure in US streams. Environmental science & technology, 51(9), 4792-4802.

[53]	Bradley, P. M., Kolpin, D. W., Romanok, K. M., Smalling, K. L., Focazio, M. J., Brown, J. B., ... & Dietze,
J. E. (2018). Reconnaissance of mixed organic and inorganic chemicals in private and public supply
tapwaters at selected residential and workplace sites in the United States. Environmental science &
technology, 52(23), 13972-13985.

[54]	Brown KD, Kulis J, Thomson B, Chapman TH, Mawhinney DB., 2006. Occurrence of antibiotics in
hospital, residential, and dairy effluent, municipal wastewater, and the Rio Grande in New Mexico. The
Science of the total environment. 366(2-3), pp.772-83

[55]	CalEPA. 1992. Expedited Cancer Potency Values and Proposed Regulatory Levels for Certain
Proposition 65 Carcinogens. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office of
Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section,
Sacramento, CA.

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Contaminant Information Sheets

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October 2022

[56]	CalEPA. 1999. Public Health Goal for Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) in Drinking Water.

California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office of Environmental Health Hazard
Assessment, Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Section, Sacramento, CA.

[57]	CalEPA. 2003. Public Health Goal for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane in Drinking Water. California
Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment,
Sacramento, CA.

[58]	CalEPA. 2009. Development of a Reference Dose (RfD) for Methamphetamine. California
Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment,
Integrated Risk Assessment Branch, Sacramento, CA.

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Occurrence in the Detroit River and Their Removal by Ozonation." Final Report. Denver, CO: Water
Research Foundation.

[175]	Thomas PM, Foster GD., 2004. Determination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, caffeine,
and triclosan in wastewater by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of environmental
science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering. 39(8), pp.1969-78

[176]	Thomas PM, Foster GD., 2005. Tracking acidic pharmaceuticals, caffeine, and triclosan through the
wastewater treatment process. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 24(1), pp.25-30

[177]	Trenholm RA, Vanderford BJ, Holady JC, Rexing DJ, Snyder SA., 2006. Broad range analysis of
endocrine disruptors and pharmaceuticals using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography
tandem mass spectrometry. Chemosphere. 65(11), pp.1990-8

[178]	USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2009). 2006 Community Water System Survey.
Overview, 57.

[179]	USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Aldrin and Dieldrin. EPA 815 R-01-
011.

[180]	USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Manganese. EPA 815 R-01-013.

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[181]	USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Metribuzin. EPA 815 R-01-010.

[182]	USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Naphthalene. EPA 815 R-01-008.

[183]	USEPA, 2001. Regulatory Determination Support Document for Sodium. EPA 815 R-01-014.

[184]	USEPA. 1998. R.E.D. Facts: Metribuzin. EPA Report 738-F-96-006. 7 pp. Available on the Internet
at: http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrdl/REDs/ Last modified: 8/29/2000.

[185]	USEPA. 2003. Drinking Water Advisory: Consumer Acceptability Advice and Health Effects
Analysis on Sodium. EPA 822-R-03-006. February 2003.

[186]	USEPA. 2003. Health Effects Support Document for Metribuzin. Office of Water. EPA Report822-
R-03-004. February 2003. 84 pp.

[187]	USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH); CASRN
319-84-6. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington, DC.

[188]	USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary di-n-butyl phthalate. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

[189]	USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, 2,4-Dichlorophenol. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

[190]	USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, Aldrin. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
DC.

[191]	USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, Carbon Disulfide. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

[192]	USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, Diethyl Phthalate. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

[193]	USEPA. 1987. Chemical Assessment Summary, n-Butanol. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[194]	USEPA. 1987. Drinking Water Health Advisory for 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and
Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH.

[195]	USEPA. 1988. Chemical Assessment Summary benzoic acid U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
DC.

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[196]	USEPA. 1988. Chemical Assessment Summary Bisphenol A. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
DC.

[197]	USEPA. 1988. Chemical Assessment Summary, Acetophenone. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

[198]	USEPA. 1988. Chemical Assessment Summary, Dieldrin. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
DC.

[199]	USEPA. 1988. Manganese; CASRN 7439-96-5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National
Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington, DC.

[200]	USEPA. 1988. p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE); CASRN 72-55-9. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, DC.

[201]	USEPA. 1989. 1,2,3-Trichloropropane Drinking Water Health Adivsory. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C.

[202]	USEPA. 1989. Bromochloromethane Health Advisory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Water, Washington, D.C.

[203]	USEPA. 1989. Chemical Assessment Summary Butyl benzyl phthalate. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, DC.

[204]	USEPA. 1989. Chemical Assessment Summary, Isophorone. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[205]	USEPA. 1989. Chloromethane Health Advisory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Water, Washington, D.C.

[206]	USEPA. 1990. Chemical Assessment Summary, 2,4-/2,6-Dinitrotoluene mixture. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, D.C.

[207]	USEPA. 1990. Chemical Assessment Summary, Fluoranthene. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

[208]	USEPA. 1990. Chemical Assessment Summary, Phenanthrene. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Protection, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

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[209]	USEPA. 1990. Chemical Assessment Summary, Pyrene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[210]	USEPA. 1991. Chemical Assessment Summary, Bromochloromethane. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Protection, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, D.C.

[211]	USEPA. 1991. Drinking Water Criteria Document for Phthalic Acid Esthers (PAES). U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington,
DC.

[212]	USEPA. 1991. Drinking Water Criteria Document for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental
Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH.

[213]	USEPA. 1991. Strontium Drinking Water Health Advisory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Water, Washington, D.C.

[214]	USEPA. 1992. Chemical Assessment Summary 2,4-Dinitrotoluene. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

[215]	USEPA. 1992. Chemical Assessment Summary, Molybdenum. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

[216]	USEPA. 1992. Chemical Assessment Summary, Strontium. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[217]	USEPA. 1992. Cyanazine: Report of the RfD/Peer Review. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[218]	USEPA. 1992. Drinking Water Criteria Document for Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and
Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH.

[219]	USEPA. 1992. Drinking Water Health Advisories: Ammonia. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, DC.

[220]	USEPA. 1992. Isophorone Drinking Water Health Advisory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Water, Washington, D.C.

[221]	USEPA. 1993. Chemical Assessment Summary, Chlorodifluoromethane. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Protection, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, D.C.

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[222]	USEPA. 1994. Chemical Assessment Summary, DCPA. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[223]	USEPA. 1994. R.E.D. Facts Mevinphos. EPA-738-F-94-020. EPA-738-R-94-023. Office of Prevention,
Pesticides and Toxic Substances, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

[224]	USEPA. 1994. Revised Occupational and Residential Risk Assessment for the Triazines. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington,
D.C.

[225]	USEPA. 1997. Chemical Assessment Summary, Cumene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[226]	USEPA. 1997. Drinking Water Advisory: Consumer Acceptability Advice and Health Effects Analysis
on Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MtBE). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health
and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, DC.

[227]	USEPA. 1998. Ethyl Parathion. Dietary and Occupational Risk Assessments. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[228]	USEPA. 1998. Isofenphos: HED Chapter for the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Document.
DP No. D237260. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances, Washington, D.C.

[229]	USEPA. 1998. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) DCPA. EPA 738-R-98-005. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[230]	USEPA. 1998. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Dicofol. EPA 738-R-98-018. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington,
D.C.

[231]	USEPA. 1998. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Propachlor. EPA 738-R-015. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington,
D.C.

[232]	USEPA. 1999. A Review of Contaminant Occurrence in Public Water Systems. Office of Water. EPA
Report 816-R-99-006. 78 pp.

[233]	USEPA. 1999. Ethyl Parathion: Revised Human Health Risk Assessment. DP No. D259500.U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington,
D.C.

[234]	USEPA. 1999. Isophorone - Report of the Hazard Identification Assessment Review Committee.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, Office of
Pesticides Programs, Health Effects Division, Washington, D.C.

[235]	USEPA. 1999. R.E.D. Facts Isofenphos. EPA 738-F-99-019.U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

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[236]	USEPA. 2000. Mevinphos: Revised Human Health Risk Assessment. DP No. D266026. Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C.

[237]	USEPA. 2000. R.E.D. Facts Ethyl Parathion. EPA-738-F00-009. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[238]	USEPA. 2000. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation Analytical Methods and Quality
Control Manual. EPA 815-R-00-006.

[239]	USEPA. 2001. Analysis of National Occurrence of the 1998 Contaminant Candidate List Regulatory
Determination Priority Contaminants in Public Water Systems. Office of Water. EPA report 815-D-01-
002. 77 pp.

[240]	USEPA. 2001. Benomyl RED Facts. EPA-738-F-02-001. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[241]	USEPA. 2001. Benomyl: HED Revised Preliminary Risk Assessment for the Reregistration Eligibility
Decision (RED) Document. DP No. D267478.U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention,
Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[242]	USEPA. 2001. Chemical Assessment Summary Methylmercury. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

[243]	USEPA. 2001. Chemical Assessment Summary, Chloromethane. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

[244]	USEPA. 2001. Chemical Assessment Summary, Quinoline. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[245]	USEPA. 2001. Ethion RED. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides
and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[246]	USEPA. 2001. Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Fenthion. EPA 738-R-00-013. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington,
D.C.

[247]	USEPA. 2001. Occurrence of Unregulated Contaminants in Public Water Systems: An Initial
Assessment. Office of Water. EPA report 815-P-00-001. Office of Water. 50 pp.

[248]	USEPA. 2001. Propetamphos. Revised Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-1195-
0013. DP No. D272377. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances, Washington, D.C.

[249]	USEPA. 2002. Chemical Assessment Summary, 1,3-Butadiene. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

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[250] USEPA. 2002. Health Effects Division (HED) Risk Assessment for Imazethapyr. EPA-HQ-OPP-2002-
0189-0003. DP Nos. D232428 D269226 D277925. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[251] USEPA. 2002. Molinate - Review of 60-Day Comments and Revised Human Health Risk Assessment.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2003-0397-0003. DP No. D286216. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[252] USEPA. 2002. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Acrolein. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[253] USEPA. 2002. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for Butyl benzyl phthalate (CASRN 85-68-
7) Derivation of a Carcinogenicity Assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical
Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[254] USEPA. 2003. Chemical Assessment Summary, 2-Methylnaphthalene. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Protection, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, D.C.

[255] USEPA. 2003. Contaminant Candidate List Regulatory Determination Support Document for Aldrin
and Dieldrin. U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Standards and Risk Management
Divison, Washington, D.C.

[256] USEPA. 2003. Drinking Water Advisory: Consumer Acceptability Advice and Health Effects Analysis
on Sodium. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria
Division, Washington, D.C.

[257] USEPA. 2003. Health Effects Support Document for Manganese. Office of Water. EPA Report 822-
R-03-003. February 2003. 164pp.

[258] USEPA. 2003. Toxicological Review of Acrolein (CAS No. 107-02-8). U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, D.C.

[259] USEPA. 2004. Chemical Assessment Summary, Boron. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[260] USEPA. 2004. Drinking Water Health Advisory for Manganese. EPA-822-R-04-003. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington,
DC.

[261] USEPA. 2004. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Boron and Compounds. August. Available
on the Internet at: http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0410.htm. Accessed February 2, 2005.

[262] USEPA. 2005. Chemical Assessment Summary 2,4-Dinitrophenol. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),
Washington, DC.

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[263] USEPA. 2005. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Ammonia. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[264] USEPA. 2006. Amendment to the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for Propanil (March 2006)
and the Propanil RED (September 2003). EPA-HQ-OPP-2003-0348. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[265] USEPA. 2006. Dichlorvos (DDVP) HED Chapter of the Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document
(RED). EPA-HQ-OPP-2002-0302-0016. DP No. D330262. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[266] USEPA. 2006. Finalization of Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (IREDs) and Interim
Tolerance Reassessment and Risk Management Decisions (TREDs) for the Organophosphate Pesticides,
and Completion of the Tolerance Reassessment and Reregistration Eligibility Process for the
Organophosphate Pesticides. Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Naled. EPA-HQ-OPP-2002-
0307-0002. EPA 738-R-02-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides
and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[267] USEPA. 2006. Finalization of Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (IREDs) and Interim
Tolerance Reassessment and Risk Management Decisions (TREDs) for the Organophosphate Pesticides,
and Completion of the Tolerance Reassessment and Reregistration Eligibility Process for the
Organophosphate Pesticides. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Terbufos. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[268] USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for Inorganic Chlorates. EPA 738-R-06-014.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances,
Washington, D.C.

[269] USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Azinphos-Methyl. Finalization of Interim
Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (IREDs) and Interim Tolerance Reassessment and Risk Management
Decisions (TREDs) for the Organophosphate Pesticides, and Completion of the Tolerance Reassessment
and Reregistration Eligibility Process for the Organophosphate Pesticides. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[270] USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Disulfoton. Finalization of Interim
Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (IREDs) and Interim Tolerance Reassessment and Risk Management
Decisions (TREDs) for the Organophosphate Pesticides, and Completion of the Tolerance Reassessment
and Reregistration Eligibility Process for the Organophosphate Pesticides. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[271] USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Imazapyr. EPA-HQ-OPP-2005-0495-0031. OPP-
2005-0495. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances, Washington, D.C.

[272] USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Methidathion. Office of Prevention, Pesticides
and Toxic Substances, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

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[273] USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Phorate. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0174-0003. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington,
D.C.

[274] USEPA. 2006. Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Terbufos. Office of Pesticide Programs.

Available on the Internet at: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/REDs/terbufos_red.pdf.

[275] USEPA. 2006. Revised Section 18 Quarantine Exemption for the Application of Flusilazole to
Soybeans. EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0428-0002. DP No. 328024. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[276] USEPA. 2006. The Health Effects Division's Review of California's Methyl Parathion Risk
Characterization Document on Dietary and Ambient Air Exposures. EPA-HQ-OPP-2003-0237-0029. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[277] USEPA. 2007. Lactofen: Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed Uses on Fruiting
Vegetables and Okra. EPA-HQ-OPP-2006-0178-0008. DP No. D339011. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[278] USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for
Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[279] USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 2-Methylnaphthalene. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for
Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[280] USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 2,4-Dichlorophenol. U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for
Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[281] USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[282] USEPA. 2007. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Pyrene. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund
Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[283] USEPA. 2007. Revised Interim Reregistration Decision for Dimethoate. Available on the Internet at:
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/REDs/dimethoate_ired_revised.pdf.

[284] USEPA. 2007. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR) for Public Water Systems
Revisions. Federal Register. Vol. 72, No. 2, p. 367, January 4, 2007.

[285] USEPA. 2008. 1,3-Dichloropropene: Proposed New Use for Drip Irrigation in Vineyards: Revised
HED Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0154-0006. DP No. D347789. U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington,
D.C.

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[286] USEPA. 2008. Carbofuran. HED Revised Risk Assessment for the Notice of Intent to Cancel (NOIC).
EPA-HQ-OW-2016-0627-0009. DP No. D347038. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[287] USEPA. 2008. Drinking Water Health Advisory for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Health and Ecological Criteria
Division, Washington, D.C.

[288] USEPA. 2008. Drinking Water Health Advisory for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene.
EPA/822/R-08/010. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological
Criteria Division, Washington, DC.

[289] USEPA. 2008. Drinking Water Health Advisory for 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Health and
Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, D.C.

[290] USEPA. 2008. Drinking Water Health Advisory For Dacthal and Dacthal Degradates:
Tetrachloroterephthalic acid (TPA) and Monomethyl Tetrachloroterephthalic acid (MTP). U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C.

[291] USEPA. 2008. Health Effects Support Document for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, D.C.

[292] USEPA. 2008. Health Effects Support Document for Boron. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington, D.C.

[293] USEPA. 2008. Methamidophos. Revised Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support
or Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0842-0004. DP No. D358676. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[294] USEPA. 2008. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for Cobalt (CASRN 7440-48-4). EPA/690/R-
08/008F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center
for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[295] USEPA. 2008. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for Lithium (CASRN 7439-93-2).
EPA/690/R-08/016F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center,
Cincinnati, OH.

[296] USEPA. 2008. Regulatory Determinations Support Document for Selected Contaminants from the
Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 2). EPA Report 815-R-08-012. June 2008.

[297] USEPA. 2008. The Analysis of Occurrence Data from the First Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring
Regulation (UCMR 1) in Support of Regulatory Determinations for the Second Drinking Water
Contaminant Candidate List. EPA 815-R-08-013. June.

[298] USEPA. 2008. The Analysis of Occurrence Data from the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring
(UCM) Program and National Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey (NIRS) in Support of Regulatory
Determinations for the Second Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List. EPA 815-D-08-014. June.

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October 2022

[299]	USEPA. 2009. Chemical Assessment Summary, 1,2,3-Trichloropropane. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, D.C.

[300]	USEPA. 2009. Chemical Assessment Summary, Chlordecone (Kepone). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, D.C.

[301]	USEPA. 2009. Naled. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration
Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0053-0005. DP No. D356244. Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

[302]	USEPA. 2009. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Bromochloromethane. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for
Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[303]	USEPA. 2009. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Phenanthrene. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[304]	USEPA. 2009. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP)
(CASRN 115-96-8). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National
Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[305]	USEPA. 2009. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Vanadium and Its Soluble Inorganic
Compounds Other Than Vanadium Pentoxide (CASRN 7440-62-2 and Others), Derivation of Subchronic
and Chronic Oral RfDs. EPA/690/R-09/070F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical
Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[306]	USEPA. 2009. Tebupirimphos (Phostebupirim) in/on Corn, field, pop, sweet. Health Effects Division
(HED) Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0940-0010. DP No. D368530. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.

[307]	USEPA. 2010. Chemical Assessment Summary, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), Washington, D.C.

[308]	USEPA. 2010. Chemical Assessment Summary, 1,4-Dioxane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Washington,
D.C.

[309]	USEPA. 2010. Chlorothalonil. Registration Request for Use on Low-Growing Berry Subgroup 13-
07G; Bushberry Subgroup 13-07B; Onion, Bulb Subgroup 3-07A; and Onion, Green Subgroup 3-07B.
Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0517-0003. DP No. D370486. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[310]	USEPA. 2010. Data Management and Analytical Plan for the Second Unregulated Contaminant
Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 2) Data. June 2010 Draft Report Submitted to EPA.

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October 2022

[311] USEPA. 2010. Endosulfan: Revised Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2002-0262-0180.
DP No. D372569. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[312] USEPA. 2010. Fenamiphos: Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for Imported Commodities. DP
No. D377426. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

[313] USEPA. 2010. Fenitrothion. Risk Assessment to Support Final Registration Review Decision. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2009-0172-0016. DP No. D383647. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[314] USEPA. 2010. Methidathion Registration Review Final Decision September 2010. EPA-HQ-OPP-
2008-0723. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

[315] USEPA. 2010. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 4-Methylphenol (p-Cresol) (CASRN
106-44-5). EPA/690/R-10/019F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and
Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support
Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[316] USEPA. 2010. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Tributyl phosphate. EPA/690/R-
20/024F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center
for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[317] USEPA. 2011. Benzoic acid Registration Review: Final Work Plan May 2011. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-
0692-0005. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

[318] USEPA. 2011. Chlorpyrifos: Preliminary Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0850-0025. DP No. D388070. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[319] USEPA. 2011. Fipronil. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration
Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0448-0004. DP No. D387318. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[320] USEPA. 2011. Isoxaflutole. Section 3 Registration for Use on Soybeans. Human Health Risk
Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0845-0005. DP No. D382796. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[321] USEPA. 2011. Propetamphos Registration Review Final Decision May 2011. EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-
1195-00023. U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

[322] USEPA. 2011. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Acetophenone. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[323] USEPA. 2011. Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for 9,10-Anthraquinone(CASRN 84-65-1).
EPA/690/R-11/007F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development,

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National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center,
Cincinnati, OH.

[324] USEPA. 2012. Bifenthrin: Human Health Risk Assessment to Support Section 3 New Uses for a Bed
Bug Treatment, Grass Grown for Seed, Tolerances for Imported Tea, and a Section 18 Emergency
Exemption Use on Apple, Nectarine, and Peach. EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0236-0007. DP No. D372550. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[325] USEPA. 2012. Iprodione. Acute Probabilistic, Chronic and Cancer Aggregate (Food and Drinking
Water) Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessments for Parent and 3,5-DCA to Support New Section 3
Registration Actions on Cucurbits (Crop Group 9) and Fruiting Vegetables (Crop Group 8-10) and to
Support a Tolerance for Imported Canola. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0392-0008. DP No. D392706. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[326] USEPA. 2012. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Chloromethane. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[327] USEPA. 2012. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Fluoranthene. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[328] USEPA. 2012. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for o-Toluidine. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[329] USEPA. 2013. Prometryn. Human-Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration
Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0032-0006. DP No. D407422. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[330] USEPA. 2013. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for 2,6-Dinitrotoluene. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[331] USEPA. 2014. DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide). Revised Human Health Risk Assessment in
Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0162-0003. DP No. D413872. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[332] USEPA. 2014. Dimethenamid/Dimethenamid-P. Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed New
Use on Cotton Subgroup 20C. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0670-0005. DP No. D418118. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[333] USEPA. 2014. Oxadiazon. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration
Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0782-0004. DP No. D420616. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[334] USEPA. 2014. Regulatory Determinations 3 Support Document. April 2014. EPA Publication # 815-
R14-003.

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October 2022

[335]	USEPA. 2014. Sodium Bentazon - Preliminary Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration
Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0117. DP No. D417312. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[336]	USEPA. 2014. Tebuthiuron: Draft Human Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0327-0041. DP Nos.
D414218 D418910 D418911. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[337]	USEPA. 2014. Thiophanate-Methyl and Carbendazim (MBC). Human Health Assessment Scoping
Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0004-0010. DP No. D413079. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[338]	USEPA. 2015. Acrolein: Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration
Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0571-0005. DP No. D427578. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[339]	USEPA. 2015. Cycloate. Human Health Scoping Document in Support of Registration Review. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2015-0288-0008. DP No. D424437. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[340]	USEPA. 2015. Cyprodinil. Human Health Risk Assessment for the Expansion of Existing Crop
Group/Representative Commodity Uses to Stone Fruit Group 12-12, and Adding New Uses on the
Artichoke, Guava, Pomegranate, Passionfruit, Feijoa, Jaboticaba, Wax Jambu, Starfruit, and Acerola and
Amended Uses on Greenhouse Cucumbers and Small Tomatoes. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0506-0013. DP No.
D425998. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

[341]	USEPA. 2015. Dicrotophos: Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review of
Dicrotophos. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

[342]	USEPA. 2015. Diuron. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of Registration
Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0077-0004. DP No. D423231. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[343]	USEPA. 2015. Ethoprop. Preliminary Occupational and Residential Exposure/Risk Assessment for
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0560-0056. DP No. D421954. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[344]	USEPA. 2015. Famoxadone. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0094-0002. DP No. D423286. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[345]	USEPA. 2015. Flufenacet: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2010-0863-0017. DP No. D416546. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

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October 2022

[346] USEPA. 2015. Health Effects Support Document for the Cyanobacterial Toxin Anatoxin-A. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington,
D.C.

[347] USEPA. 2015. Health Effects Support Document for the Cyanobacterial Toxin Cylindrospermopsin.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division,
Washington, D.C.

[348] USEPA. 2015. Health effects support document for the cyanobacterial toxin microcystins. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Washington,
DC.

[349] USEPA. 2015. Hexazinone: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2009-0755-0019. DP No. D424526. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[350] USEPA. 2015. Occurrence Data from the Second Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation
(UCMR 2). Including Appendices A-C. EPA 815-R-15-013. December 2015.

[351] USEPA. 2015. Profenofos: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment (DRA) for Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0345-0024. DP No. D414150. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[352] USEPA. 2015. Pronamide. Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review and to Support
New Section 3 Use on Leaf Lettuce (Revised). EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0326-0017. DP Nos. D422207 D410291.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington,
D.C.

[353] USEPA. 2015. Propazine. Acute and Chronic Dietary (Food Only) Exposure Assessments for
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0250-0070. DP D428624. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[354] USEPA. 2015. Propoxur: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2009-0806-0023. DP No. D414135. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[355] USEPA. 2015. Prosulfuron. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-1010-0019. DP No. D426092. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[356] USEPA. 2015. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Soluble Tungsten Compounds. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for
Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

[357] USEPA. 2015. Sulfometuron Methyl. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0433-0026. DP No. D427028. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

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EPA815-R-22-003
October 2022

[358]	USEPA. 2015. Thiram. Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for the Import Use of Thiram on
Avocado, PP#4E8250 and Banana, PP#4E8268. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0249-0004. DP No. D427383. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[359]	USEPA. 2015. Tribufos: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2008-0883-0011. DP No. D357537. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[360]	USEPA. 2015. Dimethoate: Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-
2009-0059-0027. DP No. D416010. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[361]	USEPA. 2016. Bensulide: Human Health Risk Assessment to Support Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2008-0022-0019. DP No. D428598. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[362]	USEPA. 2016. Bromacil and its Lithium Salt - Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration
Review. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

[363]	USEPA. 2016. Diazinon Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-
2008-0351-0093. DP No. D419216. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[364]	USEPA. 2016. Dicamba and Dicamba BAPMA Salt: Human-Health Risk Assessment for Proposed
Section 3 New Uses on Dicamba-tolerant Cotton and Soybean. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0841-0052. DP Nos.
D378366 D404917 D402514 D421306. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[365]	USEPA. 2016. Ethalfluralin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2011-0094-0016. DP No. D429844. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[366]	USEPA. 2016. Fenpropathrin. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2010-0422-0017. DP No. D425768. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[367]	USEPA. 2016. Fluometuron. Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in Support of
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0746-0009. DP No. D430248; D391415. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[368]	USEPA. 2016. Malathion: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2009-0317-0080. DP No. D414107. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[369]	USEPA. 2016. Mefenoxam. Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed Use on the Rapeseed
Subgroup 20A. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0014-0008. DP No. D424727. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

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[370] USEPA. 2016. Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB). Human Health Assessment Scoping Document in
Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0348-0004. DP No. D429798. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[371] USEPA. 2016. Phosmet. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment to Support Registration Review. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2009-0316-0022. DP No. D420736. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[372] USEPA. 2016. Thiamethoxam. Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water)
Exposure and Risk Assessments for Residues of Thiamethoxam on Imported Banana. EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-
0705-0007. DP No. D429717. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[373] USEPA. 2016. Toxicological Review of Trimethylbenzenes. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Integrated Risk
Information System (IRIS), Washington, D.C.

[374] USEPA. 2016. Triclopyr. Revised Human Health Risk Assessment for Section 18 Emergency
Exemption Request for Use on Sugarcane in Louisiana (LA). EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0036-0002. DP No.
D436366. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

[375] USEPA. 2017. Acetamiprid. Acute and Chronic Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment for
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0329-0022. DP No. D443740. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[376] USEPA. 2017. Ametryn - Preliminary Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2013-0249-0022. DP No. D440785. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[377] USEPA. 2017. Benfluralin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2011-0931-0039. DP No. D431028. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[378] USEPA. 2017. Carbaryl: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0230-0034. DP No. D433668. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[379] USEPA. 2017. Cyfluthrin and Beta-Cyfluthrin: Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and
Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0684-0101.
DP No. D435057. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[380] USEPA. 2017. Cypermethrin, Zeta-cypermethrin, and Alpha-cypermethrin. Draft Human Health
Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0167-0116. DP No. D425964. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

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[381] USEPA. 2017. Difenoconazole: human health risk assessment for proposed new foliar uses on
cotton, rice and wild rice. EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0254-0010. DP No. D432211. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[382] USEPA. 2017. EPTC: (S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food
and Drinking Water), Exposure and Risk Assessments for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0720-
0019. DP No. D439764. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[383] USEPA. 2017. Esfenvalerate. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2009-0301-0074. DP No. D414149. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[384] USEPA. 2017. Imidacloprid. Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water)
Exposure and Risk Assessments for the Registration Review Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0844-
1236. DP Nos. D438392 D438433. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[385] USEPA. 2017. Lambda-& Gamma-Cyhalothrin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0480-0299. DP No. 426321. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[386] USEPA. 2017. Metribuzin: Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0487-
0022. DP No. D432005. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[387] USEPA. 2017. Norflurazon: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0565-0025. DP No. D432685. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[388] USEPA. 2017. Permethrin: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2011-0039-0088. DP No. 414137. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[389] USEPA. 2017. Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO). Draft Human Health Risk Assessment Registration Review
and for Proposed New Use on Edible Fungi Crop Group 21. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0498-0021. DP Nos.
D434163 D439507. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[390] USEPA. 2017. Prometon. Chronic Dietary (Drinking Water Only) Exposure and Risk Assessment for
the Registration Review Draft Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0068-0015. DP No. D443014. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[391] USEPA. 2017. Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
(p,p'-DDE) (CASRN 72-55-9). EPA/690/R-17/007. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk
Technical Support Center, Cincinnati, OH.

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[392] USEPA. 2017. Pymetrozine. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2013-0368-0017. DP No. D439601. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[393] USEPA. 2018. 2,4-DB: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2013-0661-0019. DP No. D448826. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[394] USEPA. 2018. Acephate. Revised Draft Human Health Risk Assessment (DRA) in Support of
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0915-0025. DP No. D446177. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[395] USEPA. 2018. Atrazine. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPQ-HQ-
OPP-2013-0266-1159. DP No. D418316. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[396] USEPA. 2018. Azoxystrobin: Revised Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0835-0043. DP No. D444164. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[397] USEPA. 2018. Bromoxynil and Bromoxynil Esters: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0896-0021. DP No. D444387. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[398] USEPA. 2018. Clomazone: Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed (1) New Uses on Cilantro,
Dill, and Rapeseed Subgroup 20A; (2) Tolerance Revisions of Cucurbit Vegetable Group 9; (3) Tolerance
Expansions of Representative Commodities to (i) Cottonseed Subgroup20C, (ii) Stalk and Stem Vegetable
Subgroup 22A, except Kohlrabi, (iii) Dry Bean, and (iv)Succulent Bean; and (4) Tolerance Conversions
from Crop Subgroup 5A (Head and Stem Brassica) to Crop Group 5-16 (Brassica Head and Stem
Vegetable), Chinese Broccoli and Kohlrabi. EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0372-0008. DP No. D445140. Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington,
D.C.

[399] USEPA. 2018. Imazalil. Acute, Chronic, and Cancer Dietary (Food Only) Exposure and Risk
Assessment in Support of the HED Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-
0305-0026. DP No. D446973. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[400] USEPA. 2018. Imazaquin: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2014-0224-0020. DP No. D445078. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[401] USEPA. 2018. Indoxacarb: Update to the Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Indoxacarbto
Support Registration Review and the Proposed New Use for Controlling Ants at Ornamental Nurseries,
Sod Farms, and Livestock Corrals of non-Food Bearing Animals. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0367-0050. DP No.
D445517. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

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[402] USEPA. 2018. MCPA. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2014-0180-0043. DP No. D446323. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[403] USEPA. 2018. Methomyl and Thiodicarb: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0432-0017. DP Nos. D420613 D439094. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[404] USEPA. 2018. Methyl Bromide. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-
HQ-OPP-2013-0269-0030. DP No. D449330. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[405] USEPA. 2018. Naphthalene: Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0113-0018. DP No. D440842. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[406] USEPA. 2018. Pyraclostrobin. Human Health Risk Assessment for a Petition for the Establishment
of Use on Greenhouse-Grown Leafy Greens, Except Head Lettuce, Subgroup 4- 16A; Cucurbit
Vegetables, Group 9; and Fruiting Vegetables, Group 8-10 and Crop Group Conversions and Expansion of
Tolerances for Brassica, Leafy Greens, Subgroup 4-16B; Celtuce; Florence Fennel; Kohlrabi; Leaf Petiole
Vegetables, Subgroup 22B; Tropical and Subtropical, Medium to Large Fruit, Inedible Peel, Subgroup
23B; and Brassica Head and Stem, Group 5-16 and a Revised Tolerance Level for Leafy Greens, Subgroup
4-16A.EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0311-0008. EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0311-0008. DP No. D440504. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[407] USEPA. 2018. Pyridaben. Human Health Draft Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0214-0015. DP No. D440297. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[408] USEPA. 2018. Registration Review Draft Risk Assessment for Triclosan. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0811-
0020. DP Nos. 449415, 449416. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[409] USEPA. 2018. Sulfentrazone - Human Health Risk Assessment for a Section 3 Registration Request
to Add New Uses on Chia and Teff; an Amended Use on Mint; and Crop Group Conversions for Tree Nut
Group 14-12, Stalk and Stem Vegetable Subgroup 22A; Vegetable, Brassica, Head and Stem, Group 5-16;
and Brassica, Leafy Greens, Subgroup 4-16B. EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0072-0009. DP No. D443993. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[410] USEPA. 2018. Tetraconazole: Human Health Risk Assessment for the Section 3 Registration for
Application to add Crop Subgroup 6C; Dried Shelled Pea and Bean (except soybean) Subgroup 6C; Barley;
Rapeseed Subgroup 20A; Wheat; and Forage, Fodder, and Straw of Cereal Grains Group 16. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2016-0573-0005. DP No. D435706. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[411] USEPA. 2018. Thiobencarb - Registration Review Draft Human Health Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2011-0932-0037. DP No. D439288. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

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[412] USEPA. 2018. Trifloxystrobin. Human Health Risk Assessment for the Proposed New Use on Flax
Seed and Increase of Established Tolerance on Aspirated Grain Fractions. EPA-HQ-OPP-2013-0074-0049.
DP Nos. D442038 D444241. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[413] USEPA. 2018. Trifluralin: Acute, Chronic, and Cancer Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water)
Exposure and Risk Assessment for the Section 3 Registration Action on Rosemary and Crop Group
Conversions to Support Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2017-0420-0006. DP Nos. D445916 D447175.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington,
D.C.

[414] USEPA. 2019. Boscalid. Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-

2014-0199-0020. DP No. D451675. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[415] USEPA. 2019. Clopyralid. Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review of the
Herbicide. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0167-0031. DP No. D442247. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[416] USEPA. 2019. Clothianidin. Human Health Risk Assessment to Address Residues from
New/Amended Uses of Thiamethoxam. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0779-0004. DP No. D446686. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[417] USEPA. 2019. Fenbuconazole: Human Health Risk Assessment for Proposed Use on Imported Tea.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0300-0004. DP No. D446940. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[418] USEPA. 2019. Linuron: Revised Human Health Draft Risk Assessment to Support Registration
Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0228-0065. DP No. D444117. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[419] USEPA. 2019. Mecoprop-p (MCPP-p): Acute, and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Drinking Water Only)
Exposure and Risk Assessments for the Registration Review Risk Assessment. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0361-
0021. DP No. D452571. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[420] USEPA. 2019. Metolachlor and S-Metolachlor: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0772-0030. DP No. 438094. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[421] USEPA. 2019. Myclobutanil: Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-

2015-0053-0018. DP No. D448816. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[422] USEPA. 2019. Oxyfluorfen: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-
OPP-2014-0778-0025. DP No. D445742. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety
and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

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[423] USEPA. 2019. Pendimethalin - Human Health Risk Assessment to Support the Proposed New Uses
on Leaf Petiole Vegetable Subgroup 22B, Monarda and Rosemary. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0619-0008. DP No.
D448588. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

[424] USEPA. 2019. Propargite: Draft Human Health Risk Assessment in Support of Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0131-0051. DP No. D449759. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[425] USEPA. 2019. Propiconazole Human Health Risk Assessment for the New Use of Propiconazole on
Avocado, along with Conversion to Brassica, leafy greens, subgroup 4-16B, except watercress, Leaf
petiole vegetable subgroup 22B, Celtuce, Florence fennel, Swiss chard, and the expansion to Vegetable,
root, except sugar beet, subgroup IB. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0127-0007. DP No. D446376. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[426] USEPA. 2019. Registration Review Draft Risk Assessment for Phenol and Salts. EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-
0810-0007. DP No. 453361. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[427] USEPA. 2019. Tebuconazole: Acute and Chronic Aggregate Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessments
for Petition for the Establishment of Registrations and Permanent Tolerances for Residues in/on
Watercress; Add Green-House Grown Tomato to Label and Crop Group Conversions/Expansions for
Brassica Leafy Greens, Subgroup 4-16B, Except Watercress; Cottonseed, Subgroup 20C; Pome Fruit,
Group 11-10; Stone Fruit, Group 12-12, Except Cherry; Small Vine Climbing Fruit, Except Fuzzy Kiwifruit,
Subgroup 13-07F; Tropical and Subtropical Small Fruit, Inedible Peel, Subgroup 24A; Tree Nut, Group 14-
12; and Sunflower, Subgroup 20B. EPA-HQ-OPP-2018-0094-0006. DP No. D447613. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[428] USEPA. 2019. Tefluthrin: Updated Human Health Draft Risk Assessment in Support of Registration
Review. DP No. D453462. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution
Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[429] USEPA. 2019. Terbacil: Human Health Draft Risk Assessment for Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-
2011-0054-0038. DP No. D446169. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[430] USEPA. 2019. Thiabendazole. Acute and Chronic Aggregate (Food and Drinking Water) Dietary
Exposure and Risk Assessments in Support of Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0175-0028. DP No.
D450527. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention,
Washington, D.C.

[431] USEPA. 2019. Triallate. Human Health Draft Risk Assessment Scoping Document in Support of
Registration Review. EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0573-0018. DP No. D452964. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

[432] USEPA. 2020. Acetochlor. Human Health Draft Risk Assessment to Support Registration Review.
EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0298-0019. DP No. D454826. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Washington, D.C.

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[433]	Uslu, M., Jasim, S., Arvai, A., Bewtra, J. and Biswas, N., 2013. A Survey of Occurrence and Risk
Assessment of Pharmaceutical Substances in the Great Lakes Basin. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 35(4),
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[434]	Vanderford BJ, Pearson RA, Rexing DJ, Snyder SA., 2003. Analysis of endocrine disruptors,
pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in water using liquid chromatography/tandem mass
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[435]	Vanderford BJ, Snyder SA., 2006. Analysis of pharmaceuticals in water by isotope dilution liquid
chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Environmental science & technology. 40(23), pp.7312-20

[436]	WHO. 1999. Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 18, Cumene. World Health
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[437]	WHO. 2003. Ammonia in Drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO
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[439]	WHO. 2005. 1,4-Dioxane in Drinking-water. WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World
Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

[440]	WHO. 2005. Methyl tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) in Drinking-water Background document for
development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva,
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[441]	WHO. 2009. Boron in Drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines
for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

[442]	WHO. 2011. Molybdenum in Drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO
Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.

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[444]	Willhite, C., Ball. G., and McLellan, C. 2008. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part
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[445]	Yang S, Carlson K., 2003. Evolution of antibiotic occurrence in a river through pristine, urban and
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trap mass spectrometry for analysis of trace concentrations of macrolide antibiotics in natural and waste
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[447]	Yang S, Cha J, Carlson K., 2005. Simultaneous extraction and analysis of 11 tetracycline and
sulfonamide antibiotics in influent and effluent domestic wastewater by solid-phase extraction and
liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of chromatography.
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[448]	Yang S, Cha J, Carlson K., 2006. Trace analysis and occurrence of anhydroerythromycin and tylosin
in influent and effluent wastewater by liquid chromatography combined with electrospray tandem mass
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[449]	Yu JT, Bouwer EJ, Coelhan M., 2006. Occurrence and biodegradability studies of selected
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[450]	Zhang S, Zhang Q, Darisaw S, Ehie O, Wang G., 2007. Simultaneous quantification of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pharmaceuticals and personal
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