Coalbed Methane
Promoting CMM

U.S. EPA

Coalbed Methane

Outreach Program:
Recovery and Use

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Coalbed Methane Outreach Program (CMOP) is a
voluntary program with a goal of reducing methane emissions from coal mining activities. Our mission
is to promote the profitable recovery and utilization of coal mine methane (CMM), a potent greenhouse
gas (GHG) that contributes to climate change if emitted to the atmosphere. When collected and used
for energy, CMM is a valuable fuel source.

Since 1994, CMOP has worked cooperatively with the
coal mining industry to reduce CMM emissions. By
helping to identify and implement methods to recover
and use CMM instead of emitting it to the atmosphere,
CMOP has played a key role in the United States'
efforts to reduce GHG emissions and address global
climate change.

Benefits of CMM Recovery and Use

•	Reduce GHG emissions

•	Conserve a local source of valuable, clean-
burning energy

•	Enhance mine safety by reducing in-mine
methane concentrations

•	Generate revenue for the mine

What is Coal Mine Methane?

CMM refers to methane released from the coal
and surrounding rock strata due to mining
activities. In underground mines, it can create
an explosive hazard to coal miners. Mines tend
to emit more methane the deeper they are, but
their methane levels depend on many factors.

2012 U.S. CMM Emissions

¦	Post-Mining (Surface)

¦	Post-Mining (Underground)

¦	Surface Mining

¦	Ventilation Emissions (UG)

¦	Degasification UG Vented
Abandoned (UG) mines

CMM is emitted from several sources:

•	Degasification (or pre-drainage) systems at
active underground mines help keep the in-
mine methane concentrations sufficiently
low to protect miners.

•	Ventilation air methane (VAM), which refers
to the very dilute methane released from
underground mine ventilation shafts.

•	Abandoned mine methane (AMM) from
closed mines that produce emissions of low-
to medium-quality gas from diffuse vents,
ventilation pipes, boreholes, or fissures in
the ground.

•	Surface mines, which emit methane as the
coal seam is directly exposed to the
atmosphere.

•	Post-mining operations—when coal is
stored in piles and transported—produce
fugitive methane emissions.

CMM Recovery and Use
Technology is readily available to recover
methane—the major component of natural
gas—from coal mines. Specific end uses for
CMM depend on the gas quality, especially the
concentration of methane and the presence of
other contaminants.

www.epa.gov/cmop


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Worldwide, CMM is most often used for power
generation, district heating, boiler fuel, and town
gas, or it is sold to natural gas pipeline systems.
In the United States, nearly all CMM recovered
for use from active mines is injected into the
natural gas pipeline system.

CMOP Activities

CMOP works cooperatively with the private
sector to support project development. The
program also helps to overcome institutional,
technical, regulatory, and financial barriers to
CMM project implementation, and
communicates the benefits of CMM recovery to
interested and necessary audiences.

Domestically, CMOP:

•	Identifies, evaluates, and promotes CMM
recovery and use opportunities.

•	Provides technical analyses evaluating
project opportunities at U.S. mines and
supports technology demonstrations.

•	Prepares and disseminates reports on key
technical, economic, and legal issues.

•	Interfaces with the mining industry, CMM
project developers, and the financing
community to advance project development.

•	Organizes conferences and workshops to
discuss leading technology and policy
developments.

CMOP Accomplishments
There are currently 26 operating CMM projects
in the United States: 14 using drained gas from
active underground mines, two mitigating dilute
VAM at active underground mines, and 10
using AMM.

In 2012, CMOP reduced CMM emissions by 8.4
million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent
(MMTC02e). Since the program began in 1994,
cumulative CMM emission reductions that can
be attributed to CMOP total approximately
140.2 MMTC02e.

international Activities

For two decades, CMOP has worked with many coal-
producing countries around the world to promote
CMM development and use. Today, CMOP conducts
its international activities under the auspices of the
Global Methane Initiative (GMI). GMI is a successful
international partnership of more than 40 Partner
Countries working to promote global methane
reductions.

On behalf of GMI, CMOP: develops comprehensive
profiles that characterize the coal and CMM sectors in
nearly 40 countries; maintains an online database of
more than 200 global CMM projects; conducts pre-
and full-scale feasibility studies; sponsors technology
demonstrations; and supports in-country capacity
building through clearinghouses, technology transfer
workshops, and study tours.

Visit the GMI Coal Mines Web page to learn more:
www.globalmethane.org/coal-mines/index.aspx

Join the CMOP Network

EPA encourages interaction between industry

participants through the CMOP Network.

Joining the CMOP Network is free and

voluntary! As a CMOP Network Member, you

will:

•	Receive monthly news updates.

•	Have the ability to add your organization
and contact information to the Network
Contacts list featured on the CMOP
website.

Sign up online today!
www. epa. gov/cmop/join/

CMM Recovery at Active U.S. Coal Mines

An interactive map of current projects and potential opportunities is
available at: www.epa.gov/cmop/resources/map.html

www.epa.gov/cmop


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