*>EPA

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va

Quan Ly CSp Cim

EPA 550-F-20-002
Thang Tip 2020
www.epa.gov/rmp

United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

DIEU KHOAN NHIEM VU CHUNG

Theo Dao Luat Khong Khi Sach, Muc 112(r)(1), Dieu Khoan Nhiem Vu Chung quy dinh: "Chu
so hCm va ngiroi dieu hanh cac nguon co dinh san xuat, che bien, xi> ly hoac lieu trCr cac chat
cTo [thi du, hoa chat trong 40 CFR phan 68 hoac bat ky chat eye ky nguy hiem nao khac] co
nhiem vu chung [theo each thicc va mice do ticong ty nhir dieu khoan nhiem vu chung trong
Dao Luat An Toan va Sice Khoe Nghe Nghiep (OSHA)] de xac dinh cac nguy co co the xay ra
tie (nhir vay) sy phat tan bang each sir dung cac ky thuat danh gia moi nguy thich hop, de thiet
ke va duy tri mot co so an toan thyc hien cac bicoc can thiet de ngan chan sy phat tan, va
giam thieu hau qua cua viec phat hanh ngau nhien xay ra."

DIEU KHOAN NHIEM VU CHUNG LA Gl?

Trong Dao Luat Khong Khi Sach si>a doi nam 1990, Quoc hoi da ban hanh Muc 112(r)(1), con
dicoc goi la Dieu Khoan NghTa Vu Chung (GDC), quy dinh chu so hQu va ngicoi van hanh cac co
so co quy dinh va cac chat eye ky nguy hiem khac co trach nhiem dam bao rang hoa chat cua ho
dicoc quan ly mot each an toan. Co so vat chat da dicoc yeu cau tuan thu GDC ke tie Thang
Micoi Mot 1990.

Ap dung cho ai?

Dieu Khoan Nhiem Vu Chung ap dung cho bat ky nguon co dinh nao san xuat, che bien, xi>
ly hoac lieu trO cac chat dicoc quan ly hoac cac chat eye ky nguy hiem khac. "Cac chat eye ky
nguy hiem khac" la bat ky hoa chat nao dicoc Met ke trong 40 CFR phan 68, hoac bat ky hoa
chat nao khac, co the dicoc coi la eye ky nguy hiem.

DIEU KHOAN NHIEM VU CHUNG LIEN QUAN DEN DIEU Gl?

Cac co so vat chat tuan theo Dieu Khoan Nhiem Vu Chung, trong so nhCmg dieu khac,
chiu trach nhiem:

•	Biet cac moi nguy hiem do hoa chat gay ra va danh gia tac dong cua cac chat thai co
the xay ra,

•	Thiet ke va duy tri mot co so an toan de ngan chan sy phat thai tinh co, va

•	Giam thieu hau qua cua viec phat thai ngau nhien xay ra.

CHIFONG TRlNH PHONG NGLM TAI NAN HOA HOC LA Gl VA SIP KHAC BIET NHIF THE
NAO VOI DIEU KHOAN NHIEM VU CHUNG?

Dao Luat Khong Khi Sach Muc 112 (r) cung thiet lap Chicong Trinh Phong Ngica Tai Nan
Hoa Chat danh rieng cho viec nhan biet cac moi nguy va ngan ngica tai nan. No khac voi
GDC o cho la no yeu cau cac co so si> dung cac hoa chat doc hai hoac de chay dicoc Met ke
tren ngicong nhat dinh phai thyc hien mot tap hop cac yeu to cu the cua chicong trinh phong
ngica tai nan va Ceng pho khan cap, va gi>i mot tai lieu dicoc goi la ke hoach quan ly rui ro
(RMP) cho EPA. RMP torn tat thong tin danh gia nguy co, chicong trinh Ceng pho khan cap va
chicong trinh phong ngica tai nan cua co so dicoc quy dinh. Hau het thong tin trong RMP cua
co so deu co san cho cong chung.

LAM THE NAO DE DAP l/NG CAC NGHIA VU GDC CUA TOI?

Dieu quan trong la phai hieu rang Dieu Khoan Nhiem Vu Chung khong phai la mot quy dinh va
sy tuan thu theo quy dinh hoac viec gi>i dO lieu khong the kiem tra dicoc. Dieu Khoan Nhiem
Vu Chung yeu cau ban xac dinh cac moi nguy co ma co so cua ban co the dica ra do tinh co
thai ra cac chat doc hai, thiet ke va duy tri mot co so an toan va giam thieu hau qua cua sy
phat thai ngau nhien da xay ra. Noi chung, trong so nh&ng thic khac, ban nen:

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DIEU KHOAN NHIEM VU CHUNG
Thang Tw 2020

(1)	Ap dung hoac tuan theo bat ky quy tac, thong le hoac tieu chuan dong thuan nao co lien
quan (cToi voi toan bo quy trinh hoac co so cung nhir cToi voi cac hoa chat hoac thiet bi
cu the),

(2)	Lieu y ve cac trirong hop cfac biet tai co so cua ban co the yeu cau mot chirong trinh
phong ngira tai nan phu hop, va

(3)	Hay lieu y ve cac tai nan va sy co khac trong nganh cua ban cho thay nhCmg
nguy co tiem an.

VI DU VE NGHIA VU GDC

•	Mot co so da lap cfat he thong dap ICca bang niroc trong cac khu vyc kho chica hoa chat
phan Ceng voi niroc. Dieu nay tao ra mot tinh trang nguy hiem r5 rang. Dieu khoan Nhiem
vu Chung yeu cau co so phai lap dat he thong dap ICca ticong thich voi cac hoa chat phan
Ceng voi niroc.

•	Ngan ngira va giam thieu cac sy co ngau nhien lien quan den cac tinh huong hong
hoc thiet bi dicoc biet la nghTa vu cua GDC.

CAU HOI THiraNG GAP

•	Toi khong phai gi>i RMP vi toi da ha thap ngicong cua minh - va toi tin rang toi da giam
rui ro cua minh. Toi van phai tuan theo Dieu Khoan NghTa Vu Chung chic?

Co. Neu ban su' dung mot chat dwac quan ly hoac bat ky chat ci/c ky nguy hiem nao
khac voi bat ky so Iwang nao thi ban phai tuan theo GDC.

•	Lam each nao de biet cac thanh tra cua GDC dang tim kiem nhCmg gi tai co so cua toi?

Doc Hwang dan thwc hien Dieu Khoan NghTa Vu Chung cua Dao Luat Ve Khong
KhiSach. Muc 112 (r) (1) cua EPA. 112(r)(1).

•	Lam the nao toi co the tim hieu ve cac tai nan va cac moi nguy hiem da dicoc nhan biet trong
ITnh vyc cong nghiep cua toi?

Hiep hoi thwerng mai cua ban la mot nai tot de bit dau. OSHA va Ban Dieu tra Nguy
ca & An toan Hoa chat phat hanh djnh ky cac ban tin nguy hiem va bao cao dieu tra
tai nan. EPA cung dwa ra cac Canh Bao An Toan Hoa Chat va Canh Bao Thwc Thi ve
cac moi nguy hai da dwac nhan biet. Ngoai ra, Trung Tam Lfng Cwu Quoc Gia
(USCG) thuoc Lwc Lwgng Bao Ve Ba Bien Hoa Ky (NRC) la diem dwng dau tien hwu
ich de theo doi cac vu tai nan.

•	GDC cua OSHA da dime ap dung nhic the nao?

Twang tw nhw GDC cua Dao Luat Khong Khi Sach, GDC cua OSHA ap dung khi: (a)
ngwai sw dung lao dong khong tao ra mot nai lam viec khong co nguy ca; (b) moi
nguy dwac cong nhan bai ngwai sw dung lao dong hoac noi chung trong nganh cua
ngwai sw dung lao dong; (c) moi nguy gay ra hoac co kha nang gay chet ngwai hoac
ton hai nghiem trong; va (d) co nhwng phwang tien kha thi ma ngwai sw dung lao
dong co the loai bo hoac giam thieu nguy ca mot each thiet yeu.

•	Cac hinh phat cho viec khong tuan thu GDC la gi?

Dao Luat Khong Khi Sach Muc 113 (d) hien cho phep EPA danh gia cac hinh phat len den
mwc

toi da la $48,192, moi ngay vi pham va se thwc hien cac dieu chinh hang nam tiep theo
de tinh den lam phat.

LAM THE NAO DE TlM HIEU THEM THONG TIN VE DIEU KHOAN NHIEM VU CHUNG,

CANH BAO AN TOAN HOA CHAT HOAC CHIFONG TRlNH QUAN LY RUI RO?

•	Duong day nong cua EPA: Trung Tam Thong Tin Ke Hoach Quan Ly Rui Ro
Dien Thoai: 800-424-9346 (lay tuy chon so 6 ti> trinh dan)

So Dien Thoai Mien Phi: 703-348-5070 tai Khu vyc Washington, DC/Quoc Te

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• TrangWeb

Dieu Khoan Nhiem Vu Chung Cua EPA: https://www.epa.gov/rmp/qeneral-dutv-clause-
under-clean-air-act-section-112r1

Quy Tac Ke Hoach Quan Ly Rui Ro EPA (RMP): https://www.epa.gov/rmp

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