Region 10
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle WA 98101

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Washington

February 1997

Superfund Fact Sheet

Commencement Bay Nearshore/Tideflats
Tacoma-Wide Update
Tacoma, Washington

There have been recent activities to reduce or remove sources of contamination at
hazardous waste sites in the Tacoma area. These sites are being addressed by the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Washington Department of Ecology
(Ecology) under the authority of Superfund, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA) and other environmental laws.

On December 12, 1996, a public meeting was held in Tacoma as part of EPA's on-going
Sediment Disposal Forum. Several issues were brought up, and we hope that information
in this fact sheet will address some of your concerns. A summary of the meeting will be
sent to everyone who attended, participants of the Sediment Disposal Forum group, and will
be placed in the information repositories. The main topic of the meeting was the City of
Tacoma's report on cleanup options for the Thea Foss and Wheeler Osgood Waterways. The
report, entitled "Screening of Remedial Options", describes the remedial alternative
evaluation process, the City's preferred alternative for the Thea Foss and Wheeler Osgood
Waterways, and the four sediment disposal sites proposed for further evaluation. The
report was available for public comment until mid-January.

•	Request for updating the mail list (please read the last page)

•	Activities in the different waterways in Commencement Bay

•	Source control on Thea Foss/Wheeler Osgood and Hylebos Waterways

•	On-going activities on the former Asarco Smelter and Asarco sediments

•	News regarding the South Tacoma Channel

•	What is available via the Internet

Information Contained In This Update

Commencement Bay Nearshore/Tideflats

Thea Foss and Wheeler Osgood
Waterways

EPA is reviewing the City of Tacoma's
cleanup options and the comments received
and will provide feedback to the City. At

that time, a summary of the comments and
EPA's responses will be placed in the
information repositories and will be
available to the commenters. If you would
like to review the comments, please contact
Peggy Justus at (206) 553-2138 or Kevin
Rochlin at (206) 553-2106.


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(Kevin will be taking over as Project
Manager on this site.) EPA's comments,
along with data from sampling which will
occur in the spring of 1997, will be
incorporated into the next and final report,
called the Pre-Remedial Design Evaluation
Report. This report will recommend a
comprehensive cleanup plan for
contaminated sediments in the Thea Foss
and Wheeler Osgood Waterways and is
expected to be available for public comment
in late 1997.

For more information, please call Peggy

Justus, EPA Project Manager, at

(206) 553-2138, or Kevin Rochlin, EPA

Project Manager, at (206) 553-2106.

-	Notifications and Requests

EPA is continuing its efforts to gather
information on current and historical
sources of contamination and to identify
parties potentially responsible for cleaning
up the Thea Foss and Wheeler Osgood
Waterways. Information request letters
have been sent to parties who currently or
formerly owned property or a business on
the Thea Foss and Wheeler Osgood
Waterways. "General Notice Letters" were
also sent to parties on January 31, 1997
notifying them that EPA believes they are
potentially responsible for some of the
contamination in the waterways. The City
of Tacoma has evaluated the extent of
contamination in the waterways, and
identifying potentially responsible parties is
the next step before negotiation of the
cleanup design can begin.

For more information, please call Ken
Marcy, EPA Project Manager, at
(206) 553-2782.

-	Source Control Information

Source control activities are carried out
under the direction of Ecology's Urban Bay
Action Team. To ensure that Ecology's
source control efforts are linked with our
plans for sediment cleanup, EPA and
Ecology have established five "milestones"
for source control activities starting at
identification and moving to successful
control of a source. The five "milestones"
for source control are:

1) Ecology identifies all confirmed ongoing
sources of contamination to a waterway;

2)	Ecology issues an administrative action,
such as an order, decree, or permit, for
each major source to ensure that these
major sources are controlled;

3)	Ecology ensures that the requirements
of an Administrative Order at major sources
are implemented;

4)	Ecology issues permits to all sources
within a waterway, not just the major
sources; and

5)	Ecology ensures that all work under the
administrative action for each source in the
waterway is complete.

Source control activities at the Head of
Thea Foss and Wheeler Osgood Waterways
have been completed through the second
milestone. This means that administrative
actions are in place requiring responsible
parties to control all major sources.
Milestone 4 has been completed for the
Mouth of Thea Foss Waterway, which
means that all major sources have been
controlled, and that administrative actions
are in place to control all other sources.

An update on EPA and Ecology's source
control activities in the Thea Foss and
Wheeler OsgoodWaterway is provided
below, as requested by attendees at the
December 1996 public meeting.

Non-storm water sources:

-	Mouth of Thea Foss Waterway;

D Street Petroleum - All discharges to the
Thea Foss Waterway have been controlled
and waste streams now go to the sanitary
sewer.

Unocal, TOSCO and Superior Oil - Ecology
issued National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) permits to
regulate discharges of storm water and
waste waters.

Totem Marine Services - A NPDES permit
requires use of Best Management Practices
to reduce/eliminate discharges to the
Waterway.

-	Head of Thea Foss Waterway;

Tacoma Coal Gas Site - Cleanup is
underway under a Model Toxics Control Act
(MTCA) Order with the City of Tacoma.
Current efforts focus on determining how
best to control groundwater contamination.


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JM Martinac Shipyard - Martinac cleaned
the beach area of sandblast grit and
contaminated waste materials this past
summer. A NPDES permit is in place
requiring Martinac to install all known,
available, and reasonable methods of
control, prevention, and treatment of storm
water runoff within 1 year.

Investco Site - Ecology is planning to
remove contaminated materials in the
intertidal area this summer.

Storm water sources:

The City of Tacoma has established a
procedure to find out if the discharge from
a particular storm drain to the Thea Foss or
Wheeler Osgood Waterways contains
problem chemicals. If so, the City must
identify the upstream source, and control it
under Ecology's general NPDES permit for
municipal storm water, issued July 1995.
The City is also required to evaluate the
effectiveness of storm water source
controls.

The City has developed a "storm water
process" to meet these requirements,
consisting of the following steps:

1)	evaluating discharges

2)	upstream source identification

3)	inspections/controls of upstream
sources

4)	follow-up

5)	assessment of control effectiveness and
reporting

Because two of the storm drains
discharging to the Thea Foss Waterway are
very large (237A and 237B, which are the
Twin 96er's) and drain about 5,000 acres,
the City is opting to implement their storm
water process on a drain-by-drain basis for
all storm drains discharging to the
waterways. Under this process the City's
target is to evaluate and control sources at
the major storm drains by late 1997. So
far the City has completed the storm water
process for 3 storm drains, 218, 230, and
245 (see enclosed map).

The City is currently focusing its efforts on
storm drain 254 and the Twin 96er's. The
City and Ecology have installed sediment
traps at multiple locations in the Twin
96er's and storm drain 230 to gather more

information. These samples are being used
to help assess recontamination potential
and to assist in storm water source
identification and control.

Information about the City's efforts to
control storm water contamination in the
Thea Foss and Wheeler Osgood Waterways
is contained in the City's October 30, 1996
letter to EPA. This and other documents
describing the City's efforts to control storm
water are available at the EPA office in
Seattle.

For more information, please call Kris
Flint, EPA Project Manager at
(206) 553-8155 or Dave Smith at Ecology
at (360) 407-6250.

Hvlebos Waterway

Sediment studies in the Hylebos Waterway
are continuing under a 1993 Administrative
Order on Consent between EPA and the
Hylebos Cleanup Committee (HCC). The
HCC consists of the Occidental Chemical
Co., Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Co.,
Elf Atochem North America Inc., Asarco,
Inc., and the Port of Tacoma.

In the past three years, over 200 sediment
samples have been collected in the Hylebos
Waterway and tested for chemical
concentrations and toxicity to aquatic
organisms. This information will be used to
define the areas which require cleanup.
The HCC has submitted a report to EPA
which summarizes all sampling data
collected to date and contains their
recommendations for areas requiring
cleanup. EPA is currently reviewing the
HCC's proposals and is discussing the
areas requiring cleanup with the HCC.

Once EPA completes its review of this
report and provides comments to the HCC,
the report will be available to the public.

One of the key issues EPA is evaluating
related to cleanup areas in the Hylebos
Waterway is the polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCB) cleanup level. Several parties have
asked EPA to reevaluate the PCB cleanup
level based on new scientific and site
specific information which has been
developed in the eight years since the
Record of Decision was signed.


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We are currently evaluating whether the
PCB cleanup level should be changed,
based on information regarding the risks
posed by PCBs in sediments to humans
and wildlife and the extent of PCB
contamination in Commencement Bay.

Most of the PCBs in Commencement Bay
are located in the Hylebos Waterway,
although there is some PCB contamination
in the Thea Foss Waterway.

If we determine that the PCB cleanup level
should be changed, we will publish a fact
sheet explaining the proposed change and
the basis for the change and hold a 30-day
public comment period.

For more information, please call Allison
Hiltner, EPA Project Manager at
(206) 553-2140.

-	Proposed Prospective Purchaser
Agreement

The public comment period on the
proposed prospective purchaser agreement
for purchase of the former Cascade Timber
Yard #1 property on the Hylebos Waterway,
located at 2602 Marine View Drive, will run
through February 10, 1997. We welcome
your comments on the proposed settlement.
This proposed agreement would allow
Edman Holdings, L.L.C. to purchase the
property without liability for costs of
cleaning up sediment contamination
associated with the property. Your
comments should refer to the Edman
Company PPA/Cascade Timber Yard #1
Property and be sent to Lori Houck, EPA
Office of Regional Counsel MS/ORC-158,
1200 Sixth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101.
Please refer to the fact sheet dated January
16, 1997 for more detailed information
about this settlement.

For more information, please call Peter
Contreras, EPA Project Manager, at
(206) 553-6708.

-	Source Control Information -
Occidental Chemical Corporation (RCRA
Activities)

Occidental is currently in full scale
operation of its ground water treatment and
injection and extraction systems, under a
Dangerous Waste Permit. The treated
ground water which is not used for

injection is discharged to the Hylebos with
OCC's process water. The purpose of this
program is to prevent non-permitted
discharges of contaminated ground water
from entering the Hylebos Waterway,
recover contaminated ground water, and
achieve the ground water quality standards
stated in the Dangerous Waste Permit for
the site. Water quality and water level data
and the existing ground water monitoring
program are being evaluated to determine
the ground water corrective action
program's effectiveness in meeting these
goals.

For more information about cleanup
activities at the Occidental facility, please
call Catherine Massimino of EPA at
(206) 553-4153.

- Natural Resource Trustee Injury
Assessment Update

In 1994 and 1995, the Commencement Bay
Natural Resource Trustees conducted a
series of investigations in the Hylebos
Waterway to determine contaminant
exposure and associated injuries to fish
living in the waterway. In addition to
assessing chemical contamination in the
waterway, the three specific objectives of
the fish studies were to:

1)	assess the potential for contaminant
associated injuries in juvenile salmon,

2)	determine liver disease in flatfish, and

3)	determine contaminant-induced
reproductive dysfunction in flatfish.

The following results have been found to
date:

•	Juvenile salmon and adult flatfish are
being exposed to a wide variety of
contaminants, compared to fish from
hatcheries or reference areas. Moreover,
the concentrations of contaminants in
juvenile chinook and chum salmon from
the waterway are comparable to levels
shown in previous studies to be associated
with biological injury in juvenile chinook
salmon.

•	The existence of lesions and biochemical
measures of early response to contaminant
exposure in flatfish have not changed
appreciably since previous studies which
took place in late 1970's and 1980's. These


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studies indicate little or no improvement in
the waterway during this period with
respect to liver disease in flatfish.

•	The problems associated with
reproductive gland development in adult
female English sole in the waterway are
associated with exposure to polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons (or PAHs, which are
substances associated with petroleum
products).

•	Early sexual maturation of juvenile
female English sole appears to be
associated with exposure to chlorinated
hydrocarbons (such as PCB's).

Additional studies planned over the next
year include conducting a series of disease
challenge and growth studies focusing on
chinook salmon. The studies will evaluate
which contaminants, and at what
concentrations in the sediment, these
contaminants cause injuries.

Additional information on the Natural
Resource Trustee fish injury studies can be
obtained from Robert Wolotira, NOAA
Damage Assessment Center, Seattle WA,
(206) 526-4360.

Middle Waterway

"Special Notice Letters" were sent to
potentially responsible parties requesting
their participation in negotiations for the
design of the sediment cleanup on the
Middle Waterway. Under Superfund law,
these parties are considered potentially
responsible for cleanup costs because
either they are owners of contaminated
sediments or property from which
contaminants were released, or they are
operators (past or present) of industries
contributing to contamination.

The parties requested an extension of time
to consider a proposal made by Simpson to
dredge the mouth of the Middle Waterway
and create a nearshore fill within the St.
Paul Waterway. EPA has granted the
parties an extension and expects to start
negotiations in mid-February 1997. If
negotiations are unsuccessful, EPA will
consider issuing a Unilateral Administrative
Order to some or all of the parties requiring
them to conduct the design.

For more information, please call Elly
Hale, EPA Project Manager, at
(206) 553-1215.

St. Paul Waterway

EPA approved the annual monitoring
report, which is required to ensure the cap
is working well to contain the
contamination and provide habitat for sea
life in the waterway.

For more information, please call Karen
Keeley, EPA Project Manager, at
(206) 553-2141.

Former Asarco Smelter Site

The Smelter cleanup design work is
grouped into Phase 1 and Phase 2.

Currently Asarco is conducting the
following Phase 1 activities:

1)	geotechnical investigations for the on-site
containment facility (OCF) location on
Bennett Street, which will be a large raised
area overlooking the bay,

2)	verifying the volume of source area soils
for the OCF (e.g., arsenic kitchens and
tunnels area, cooling pond, copper refinery
and fine ore bins building), and

3)	dewatering investigations in the arsenic
kitchens and cooling pond source areas.

Phase 1 activities need to be initiated first
in the design schedule and be well
underway before Phase 2 activities can
begin. Phase 2 involves grading, terracing
and capping the site, and shoreline
stabilization and protection. EPA expects
that Phase 1 and Phase 2 cleanup design
activities to be complete by February 1999.
At that time, cleanup activities will begin.
It is expected that the site will be ready for
redevelopment by the year 2003.

We invite your participation in the cleanup
design process. Please note that this
process does not involve future land use
decision-making or environmental impact
statement issues. For that type of
involvement, please contact Karen Pickett,
Asarco Information Center at (206) 756-
5436. Your participation could take one of
several forms.


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Option 1. If you are interested in
keeping abreast of "big picture" items
during remedial design, you can obtain
copies of Asarco's monthly progress
reports. The progress reports identify
activities that have taken place on the site,
test and sample results, deliverables
submitted, actions scheduled for the next 6
weeks and unresolved delays encountered
or anticipated that may affect the schedule.

Option 2. If you are interested in specific
activities such as shoreline armoring,
capping, surface water, etc., you can obtain
a copy of the draft work plans and remedial
design reports on that topic.

Option 3. If you are interested in all of
the remedial design activities, your name
can be included on the distribution list for
all of the materials and information
generated during this process.

Option 4. If you are interested, you are
invited to participate in progress meetings
typically held by EPA and Asarco on the
fourth Tuesday of every month from nine to
noon. Two-thirds of these meetings are
held in Seattle, the rest are in Tacoma.
Due to a scheduling conflict, the next
progress meeting will be on Monday,
February 24, 1997, at the EPA Regional
Office in Seattle. You should contact Piper
Peterson Lee several days in advance of
these meetings to receive an agenda and
the meeting location.

If you would like to be involved in any of
the above options, please contact Piper
Peterson Lee at (206) 553-4951.

Asarco Sediments

EPA has decided to delay the decision
making process on the Asarco Sediments
project in Tacoma/Ruston, Washington
because additional information is necessary
to select a cleanup proposal.

Asarco is placing a pilot cap over the
sediments at the end of February 1997.

Data collected from the project will help
EPA determine if a cap will stay in place in
spite of fast moving currents. Whether
contaminants remain below the cap and
whether marine life will repopulate the
capped area will also be measured and
monitored. In addition, Asarco has agreed

to examine the interaction between site
ground water entering the Bay and the off-
shore sediments. A task force has been
comprised of federal, state and trustee
organizations to study this issue.

Many of the elements involved in the former
Smelter cleanup will have a positive impact
on the off-shore sediments. We believe it is
important to determine the extent of these
upland cleanup activities before beginning
a sediment cleanup project. For example,
on-site surface water will be cleaned and
re-routed on the site, a cap will be in place
which will prevent dust and contaminated
rainwater from entering the Bay, and the
most contaminated soils will be
consolidated in an OCF which should
decrease the ground water contaminant
concentrations entering the Bay.

EPA is planning to negotiate an amendment
to the Administrative Order on Consent,
which requires this work and assures that
Asarco continues to make progress at this
site. We continue to invite public, local,
state, federal and trustee involvement
throughout this project.

If you would like to be involved or kept
informed of the activities on the site, please
call Piper Peterson Lee, at
(206) 553-4951.

Ruston/North Tacoma Residential
Cleanup

Asarco has just completed its third year of
cleaning up residential properties. To date,
approximately 325 properties have been
cleaned up. Cleanup activities have ceased
for the winter and should begin again next
spring. The target for 1997 is to clean up
125 additional properties.

For more information, please call Mary Kay
Voytilla, EPA Project Manager, at
(206) 553-2712.

The City of Tacoma continues operating the
landfill gas management system and the
ground water pump & treat system.

Commencement Bay - South Tacoma
Channel

Tacoma Landfill


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Ground water cleanup efforts are being
monitored by sampling a network of wells
in and around the landfill. Based on the
monitoring results, modifications have been
made to the ground water extraction
system. The latest modifications include
the installation of additional extraction
wells, rehabilitation of certain wells, and
closure of certain wells that are no longer
needed. The additional ground water
planned to be extracted may necessitate an
expansion of the water treatment facility at
the landfill. The latest work is anticipated
to be completed in early 1997. The first
annual report summarizing the activities
and progress being made towards
remediating contaminated ground water
was produced in the Fall of 1996.

Gas probes on and around the landfill
continue to be monitored to insure that the
landfill gas is under control. The City will
conduct a comprehensive air emissions
monitoring study and ambient air
monitoring study at the landfill in 1997 to
assure that air emission sources are being
appropriately controlled and that there is
no negative impact on air quality in the
vicinity of the landfill.

The City is continuing their attempts to
locate the source of a leak in the landfill
cap on the west side of the landfill. The
leak is being intercepted prior to contacting
garbage and is being discharged into the
storm sewer.

For more information, please call Bob
Kievit, EPA Project Manager, at (360) 753-
9014.

South Tacoma Field

The Consent Decree, with Burlington
Northern Railroad Company; BN Leasing
Corporation; Amsted Industries
Incorporated; Pioneer Builders Supply, Inc.;
Atlas Foundry & Machine Company; South
Tacoma L.L.C. and the City of Tacoma
Department of Public Utilities at the South
Tacoma Field Superfund Site, was
approved by the Federal Court in Tacoma
on January 10, 1997. A Remedial Design
Work Plan was submitted to EPA on
January 16th by Kennedy/Jenks
Consultants on behalf of the Burlington
Northern, Amsted, Atlas, South Tacoma
L.L.C. and Pioneer Builders Supply Group.

The Work Plan sets the working schedule
for performing necessary field activities and
completing design. The City of Tacoma,
Public Utilities is independently performing
their portion of the work by removing
contaminated soils from their drywell
system. The larger responsible group will
perform soil cleanup on their property and
monitor the ground water contamination to
determine if action is necessary.

For more information, please call Cami
Grandinetti, EPA Project Manager, at
(206) 553-8696.

Well 12 A

The ground water treatment system
continues to clean the ground water and
protect the City of Tacoma's ground water
from contamination, and organic
contamination is being extracted from the
Time Oil property by the vapor extraction
system. The system is expected to operate
for another two to three years.

For more information, please call Kevin
Rochlin, EPA Project Manager, at
(206) 553-2106.

Internet Information

New fact sheets for the Commencement Bay
Nearshore/Tideflats Superfund site will be
available on the Internet beginning in
January 1997. The Internet address for
this information is:

http: / /www. epa.gov/r lOearth/offices/
oec/cercla.html

This information is accessible by anyone
with Internet access and a browser such as
Netscape. Our web site also contains
information about the partial deletions of
the Commencement Bay Nearshore/
Tideflats site and other Region 10
Superfund sites from the National Priorities
List and a marine sediment data library
which contains selected sediment sampling
data for Superfund sediment cleanups,
including St. Paul and Hylebos Waterways.
We plan to add sediment data for other
waterways in the future. The references to
contact persons in the web site have been
activated as "mailto" links. Clicking on the
name pops up an E-mail window to the
specified person.


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For more information about EPA Region
10's web site, please call Matt Gubitosa at
(206) 553-4059.

Information on the Commencement Bay
Natural Resource Trustee's natural
resource damage assessment and
restoration activities in Commencement
Bay and the fish injury studies in the
Hylebos Waterway is available on NOAA's
(National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration) web site. NOAA's Internet
address is:

http: / /www.darcnw.noaa.gov

For more information about NOAA's web
site, please call Gail Siani at
(206) 526-4566.

For More Information

Written information and technical
documents regarding these projects are
available for your review at the following
locations:

In Tacoma:

Tacoma Public Library

1102 Tacoma Avenue, Northwest Room

Tacoma, WA

Citizens for a Healthy Bay
771 Broadway
Tacoma, WA

In Seattle:

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
7th Floor Records Center
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, WA

Additional information for specific projects
is available at the following locations:

Asarco-Related Projects

Ruston Town Hall
5117 North Winnifred
Ruston, WA

Asarco Information Center
5311 N. Commercial
Tacoma, WA

Near shore/Tide flats

Puyallup Tribe
2002 East 28th Street
Tacoma, WA

Kobeitch Branch Library
212 Browns Point Blvd.

Tacoma, WA

Tacoma Landfill and South Tacoma Field

South Tacoma Branch Library
34 11 South 56th
Tacoma, WA

Questions

If you have any questions or would like
more information, please feel free to contact
the representatives listed in this fact sheet
or one of the following representatives. All
EPA representatives can also be reached
by calling our toll free number at 1-800-
424-4372.

Jeanne O'Dell

Environmental Protection Agency, Seattle
(206) 553-6919

Chris Hempleman

Washington Department of Ecology, Lacey
(360) 407-7229

Andy Comstock

Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department,
Tacoma

(206) 591-6538

For those with impaired hearing or speech,
please contact EPA's telecommunications
device for the hearing impaired (TDD) at
(206) 553-1698. To ensure effective
communication with everyone, additional
services can be made available to persons
with disabilities by contacting one of the
EPA numbers above.


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Updating the Mail List

We would like to update our mail list for distribution of the Tacoma-Wide and
Commencement Bay-Wide fact sheets. This will not affect any separate mail lists you may
be on. NOTE: Please return this form if you would like to continue receiving these
fact sheets. If you choose not to remain on our mail list, you can continue to access
our quarterly fact sheets via the Internet.

Mail List Update

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(please print name and address as it should appear on the mailing label)

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Comments and Suggestions:

(Your comments help us to provide a better newsletter. Please take a moment to let us
know how we're doing.)

Please fold this form in half, staple or seal with tape, and mail to:

Jeanne O'Dell, EPA Region 10, 1200 Sixth Avenue, ECO-081, Seattle, WA 98101


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Place Stamp
Here

Jeanne O'Dell
EPA Region 10
1200 Sixth Avenue- ECO-081
Seattle, WA 98101


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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

Region 10(ECO-081)
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle WA 98101

BULK RATE
POSTAGE & FEES PAID
U.S. EPA
Permit No. G-35

Superfund Update
Commencement Bay


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