US Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pesticide Programs

Office of Pesticide Programs

Microbiology Laboratory

Environmental Science Center, Ft. Meade, MD

Standard Operating Procedure for
Calibration and Maintenance of pH Meters

SOP Number: EQ-01-06

Date Revised: 10-18-11


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Initiated By:

Technical Review:

QA Review:

Approved By:

SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 1 of 13

EPA/OPP MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY
ESC, Ft. Meade, MD

Standard Operating Procedure
for

Calibration and Maintenance of pH Meters
SOP Number: EQ-01-06
Date Revised: 10-18-11

Print Name:

Print Name:

Technical Staff

Print Name:

QA Officer

Print Name:

Branch Chief

Date: / /

Date: / /

Date: / /

Date: / /

Effective Date:

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Controlled Copy No.:

Withdrawn By:

Date: / /


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 2 of 13

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents

Page Number

1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION	3

2.0 DEFINITIONS	3

3.0 HEALTH AND SAFETY	3

4.0 CAUTIONS	3

5.0 INTERFERENCES	4

6.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS	4

7.0 SPECIAL APPARATUS AND MATERIALS	4

8.0 INSTRUMENT OR METHOD CALIBRATION	5

9.0 SAMPLE HANDLING AND STORAGE	5

10.0 PROCEDURE AM) ANALYSIS	5

11.0 DATA ANALYSIS/CALCULATIONS	11

12.0 DATA MANAGEMENT/RECORDS MANAGEMENT	11

13.0 QUALITY CONTROL	11

14.0 NONCONFORMANCE AND CORRECTIVE ACTION	11

15.0 REFERENCES	12

16.0 FORMS AND DATA SHEETS	12


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 3 of 13

1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION:

1.1 This protocol describes the method for the operation, two point calibration, and
maintenance of the Corning pH meter 430 and the Corning pH meter 530.

2.0 DEFINITIONS:

2.1	A two-point calibration involves calibrating the pH meter with two different
buffers of known pH and then checking the pH meter against a pH 7.00 standard
buffer to confirm the calibration.

2.2	Ceramic Junction = Holds the 3M KC1 fill solution in the electrode. The junction
is designed to allow the fill solution to leak out of the tip of the electrode at a slow
controlled rate.

2.3	Fill Hole Plug = Small circular hole on the side of the electrode that is covered by
a rubber stopper when not in use. The fill whole plug is removed during
calibration and maintenance of the electrode or when the 3M KC1 fill solution is
being added to the inside of the electrode.

2.4	Fill Solution = 3M KC1 solution which acts as an electrical conductor between the
reference inside the electrode and the solution under test.

2.5	Wetting Cap = The cap that covers and protects the tip of the electrode. The
wetting cap should stay on the tip of the electrode during periods of non use.

3.0 HEALTH AND SAFETY:

3.1 Personal protective equipment including safety glasses and lab coats should be
used.

4.0 CAUTIONS:

4.1	Do not allow the 3M KCL fill solution to run dry. Add 3M KC1 fill solution
whenever the level falls more than 25 mm below the fill hole. Replace the 3M
KC1 fill solution at least once a month.

4.2	Always remove the wetting cap and the fill hole plug during calibration and
measurements. Replace the fill hole plug in between use.

4.3	Do not leave the electrode in organic solvents as the tip and body may be
damaged.


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 4 of 13

4.4 Discard used buffer solutions daily. Do not reuse.

5.0 INTERFERENCES:

5.1	The pH meter electrode should be rinsed thoroughly with de-ionized water and
blotted dry with Kimwipes7 (wiping can produce a static charge) before
proceeding to the next solution.

5.2	The electrodes can be stored for up to one week in 25 mm of pH 7.0 or pH 4.0
buffer. Never store the electrode in distilled water.

5.3	For longer storage periods, remove the bulb protector, fill the wetting cap with the
3M KC1 fill solution and push the wetting cap onto the tip of the electrode.

6.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS:

6.1 Personnel are required to be knowledgeable of the procedures in this SOP as well
as the operation hints and maintenance sections of the pH meter instruction
manual.

7.0 SPECIAL APPARATUS AND MATERIALS:

7.1	Corning pH Meter #1: Model 430 (Serial No. 005166)

7.2	Corning pH Meter #3: Model 530 (Serial No. 301887)

7.3	Corning pH Meter #4: Model 530 (serial No. 304953)

7.4	Electrodes:

7.4.1	Three '3 inl' Combo w/RJ (Epoxy body) (Corning, now Nova Analytics,
Catalog No. 76436). Electrode performance specifications
(Manufacturers claim): the pH range 0.0 -14.0 and the temperature
range 0 - 100°C. The electrodes are identified as #5, 10, and 12. These
electrodes are used for pH measurement of liquids.

7.4.2	Two Flat-Surface (Epoxy Body) with Replaceable Junction Electrode
(Corning Catalog No. 476286). Electrode performance specifications
(Manufacturers claim): the pH range is 0.0-14.0 and the temperature
range is 0-100°C. The electrodes are identified as # 3 and # 4. These


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 5 of 13

electrodes are used for pH measurement of solid media.

7.4.3 One Semi-Micro Glass Body with Refillable Junction Combo Electrode
(Corning Catalog No. 476156). Electrode performance specifications
(Manufacturers claim): the pH range is 0.0-14.0 and the temperature
range is 0-100°C. Electrode is identified as #9. The electrode is used for
measuring pH of small aliquots of media (< 1 mL).

7.5	Calibration Buffers:

1.	pH 4.0

2.	pH 7.0

3.	pH 10.0

7.6	Fill solution: 3M KC1 solution

7.7	Storage Solution: 3M KC1 solution for capping OR pH 4.0 or pH 7.0 buffer for
buffer immersion.

7.8	pH Electrode Cleaning Solution

7.9	Ceramic replacement junction

7.10	IN Sodium Hydroxide Solution (NaOH)

7.11	IN Hydrochloric acid (HC1)

8.0 INSTRUMENT OR METHOD CALIBRATION:

8.1 As described in Procedure and Analysis section.

9.0 SAMPLE HANDLING AND STORAGE:

9.1	The pH of media and reagents are to be taken when the media and reagents are at
room temperature (20°C to 25°C) unless otherwise specified on the
Media/Reagent preparation sheet. For agar based media, the pH is to be taken on
a solidified sample (see 10.5).

9.2	The buffers (see 7.5) and reagents (IN HC1 and IN NaOH) are stored adjacent to
the pH meter at room temperature in a secondary containment unit.

10.0

PROCEDURE AND ANALYSIS:


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 6 of 13

10.1	The pH meter is calibrated at least once on the day of use as outlined in section
10.3. The standard buffers used are pH 4.0, pH 7.0, and pH 10.0. A small amount
is dispensed into a smaller container for calibration. Per manufacturers
recommendations the standard pH buffers should be used for calibration only one
time and disposed after calibration has been finalized.

10.2	Selection of Buffers for 2-Point Calibration:

10.2.1	If the final pH of the reagent or medium falls between pH 7.0 and 10.0,
use the pH 7.0 and 10.0 buffers for the two point calibration.

10.2.2	If the final pH of the reagent or medium falls between pH 4.0 and 7.0, use
the pH 4.0 and 7.0 buffers for the two point calibration.

10.2.3	The expiration dates of the buffers are recorded on the upper part of the
pH Meter Calibration Record Form (see 16.0). Record the date the buffers
are changed under Notes on the form.

10.3 Two Point Calibration

10.3.1 Model 430

10.3.1.1	Check the level of the 3M KC1 fill solution to ensure that it
is within 25 mm of the filling hole. Bring to level if
needed. In the pH Meter Calibration Log Book, record
under Notes any adjustments made with the fill solution.

10.3.1.2	To calibrate, rinse the probe tip with de-ionized water and
blot dry with Kimwipes7, then place the tip of the electrode
into the pH 7.0 buffer and press "Cal."

10.3.1.3	The pH meter will automatically read the endpoint when
the reading is stable. The appropriate buffer symbol will
appear on the display. Record the pH value on the pH
Meter Calibration Check Record Form (see 16.0).

10.3.1.4	Rinse the tip of the electrode with de-ionized water and blot
dry with Kimwipes7.

10.3.1.5	Place the tip of the electrode in the second calibration
buffer (either pH 4.0 buffer or pH 10.0 buffer) and press
"Cal".


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 7 of 13

10.3.1.6

10.3.1.7

10.3.1.8

10.3.2 Model 530

10.3.2.1

10.3.2.2

10.3.2.3

The pH meter will automatically read the endpoint when
the reading is stable and the appropriate buffer symbol will
appear on the display.

The pH meter will also briefly display the electrode slope
value. Record the pH value on the pH Meter Calibration
Check Record Form (see 16.0). If the slope is less than
95% or greater than 105%, refer to the troubleshooting
section of the Corning pH meter 430 instructions manual
(see ref. 15.3).

Rinse the electrode with de-ionized water and blot dry with
Kimwipes7. Confirm the calibration by reading the pH of
the pH 7.0 buffer a second time. Record the pH value in
the pH Meter Calibration Check Record Form (see 16.0).
Press "Mode" one time to switch to temperature mode.
Record the temperature value in the pH Meter Calibration
Check Record Form (see 16.0). Press "Mode" two more
times to return to pH mode.

Check the level of the 3M KC1 fill solution to ensure that it
is within 25 mm of the filling hole. Bring to level if
needed. On the pH Meter Calibration Check Record Form
(see 16.0), record under Notes any adjustments made with
the fill solution.

Verify that the pH meter is set at Auto endpointas indicated
by a letter "A" in the upper left hand corner of the display.
If the letter "A" is not indicated, press the "Auto" button
until it is displayed. After the endpoint is reached, brackets
will appear around the A (e.g. [A]). The temperature and
slope will appear at the bottom of the display. When
selecting the buffer for calibration, the selected buffer pH
will also appear at the bottom of the display, but once the
calibration begins, the pH of the buffer will disappear.

To calibrate, rinse the probe tip with de-ionized water and
blot dry with Kimwipes7, then place the tip of the electrode
into the pH 7.0 buffer and press "Cal" one time so that "pH


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 8 of 13

7" and "Cal 1" appear.

10.3.2.4	The pH meter will automatically read the endpoint when
the reading is stable. The appropriate buffer symbol will
appear on the display. Record the pH value on the pH
Meter Calibration Check Record Form (see 16.0).

10.3.2.5	Rinse the tip of the electrode with de-ionized water and blot
dry with Kimwipes7

10.3.2.6	Place the tip of the electrode in the second calibration
buffer. If pH 4.0 buffer is used, press "Cal" one time so
that "pH 4" and "Cal 3" appear. If pH 10.0 buffer is used,
press "Cal" two times so that "pH 10" and "Cal 3" appear.

10.3.2.7	The pH meter will automatically read the endpoint when
the reading is stable and the appropriate buffer symbol will
appear on the display. The display will show the electrode
slope value. Record the pH value and slope on the pH
Meter Calibration Check Record Form (see 16.0). If the
slope is less than 95% or greater than 105%, refer to the
troubleshooting section of the Corning pH meter 530
instructions manual (see ref. 15.4).

10.3.2.8	Rinse the electrode with de-ionized water and blot dry with
Kimwipes7. Confirm the calibration by reading the pH of
the pH 7.0 buffer a second time. Record the pH value and
temperature in the pH Meter Calibration Check Record
Form (see 16.0).

10.4 Reading the pH of a liquid sample:

10.4.1	The pH of the liquid sample should be taken prior to autoclaving and

verified after autoclaving.

10.4.2	The pH of the liquid sample should be taken at room temperature unless

otherwise specified on the Media/Reagent preparation sheet.

10.4.3 Place the tip of the sensed and dried electrode in the medium or reagent
sample and press read to start the measurement. The decimal point will
flash while the electrode is reading.


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 9 of 13

10.4.4	When the pH reading is stable, record the initial pH of the solution on the
Media/Reagent preparation sheet (see SOP MB-10, Media and Reagents
Used in Efficacy Testing).

10.4.5	If the pH of the liquid falls outside of the desired range as specified on the
media/reagent preparation sheet, adjust the pH of the tempered, liquid
media using the specified acid and base solutions and record the amount
used on the Media/Reagent preparation sheet.

10.4.6	Record the adjusted pH of the solution on the Media/Reagent preparation
sheet.

10.4.7	After autoclaving, one tube is used for pH verification. Let sample tube
adjust to room temperature prior to pH verification. Follow steps 10.4.2 to
10.4.5.

10.4.8	Record the temperature of the sample.

10.4.8.1	For pH model 430, press "Mode" one time to switch to
temperature mode. The display will show the temperature
in °C. Record on the Media/Reagent preparation sheet the
temperature at which the pH of the solution was measured.
Press "Mode" two more times to return to pH mode.

10.4.8.2	For pH model 530, the temperature will display at the same
time as the pH. The display will show the temperature in
°C. Record on the Media/Reagent preparation sheet the
temperature at which the pH of the solution was measured.

10.5 Reading the pH of a sample containing agar:

10.5.1	The pH of the agar sample should be taken prior to autoclaving and
verified after autoclaving.

10.5.2	The pH of the agar sample should be taken as a solid. From the total
volume of the media prepared, place an aliquot (approximately 5-10 mL)
into a petri dish or small weigh boat and let solidify; keep the remainder of
the media between 45-50°C (in case the media needs to be adjusted).

After the media is solidified, use the Flat-Surface (Epoxy Body) with
Replaceable Junction Electrode to measure the pH of the media (see ref.
15.4).

10.5.3

Place the electrode on the surface of the solidified media and press "Read"


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 10 of 13

to start the measurement. The decimal point will be flashing whenever the
electrode is reading.

10.5.4	When the pH reading is stable, record the pH of the media on the
Media/Reagent preparation sheet (see SOP MB-10, Media and Reagents
Used in Efficacy Testing).

10.5.5	If the pH of the agar falls outside of the desired range (see 10.5.1 above)
as specified on the media/reagent preparation sheet, adjust the pH of the
tempered, liquid agar (prior to autoclaving) using the specified acid and
base solutions. Discard any media that cannot be adjusted.

10.5.6	Repeat steps 10.5.1 through steps 10.5.4 as needed. Record the adjusted
pH of the solution on the Media/Reagent preparation sheet.

10.5.7	The pH of some media (e.g. Trypticase Soy Agar) is tested after
autoclaving. Follow the instructions on the media/reagent preparation
sheet. Place an aliquot (approximately 5-10 mL) of the medium into a
petri dish or small weigh boat, let solidify; then take the pH of the
solidified agar. Record this reading on the Media/Reagent preparation
sheet.

10.5.8	The Flat-Surface electrode is incapable of reading the temperature of the
sample and will always read 25°C. Therefore N/A shall be recorded on
the Media/Reagent preparation sheet

10.6 Cleaning and Maintenance of the electrode:

10.6.1	Cleaning should be done when the slope falls below 95% or is greater than
105%.

10.6.2	Test the flow of the junction by letting the electrode hang in the air for 1-2
hrs. A proper flowing junction will have KC1 salt crystals forming on it.
If none appear, review the following suggestions for cleaning.

10.6.2.1	Soak the tip of electrode in the pH Electrode Cleaning
Solution for 1-2 hrs. Rinse the electrode with de-ionized
water and soak in pH 7.0 buffer until stable.

10.6.2.2	For oil contamination: Carefully clean the tip of the
electrode using a cotton swab soaked with alcohol or
acetone. Rinse the electrode with de-ionized water and


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 11 of 13

soak in pH 7.0 buffer until stable.

10.6.3	If cleaning does not improve junction flow, the junction will be replaced.
To replace, simply pull out the clogged junction, rinse the electrode barrel
with de-ionized water, and replace with a clean junction. Then refill
electrode with the 3M KC1 fill solution up to the fill hole plug (see ref.
15.2).

10.6.4	After cleaning and maintenance activities, check the calibration of the pH
meter and record on the pH Meter Calibration Form.

10.6.5	Record cleaning and maintenance activities under notes on the pH Meter
Calibration Record Form.

11.0 DATA ANALYSIS/CALCULATIONS: None

12.0 DATA MANAGEMENT/RECORDS MANAGEMENT:

12.1 Calibration data will be recorded promptly, legibly and in indelible ink on the pH
Meter Calibration Record form(s) (see 16.1). Completed forms are archived in
notebooks kept in secured file cabinets in the file room D217. Only authorized
personnel have access to the secured files. Archived data is subject to OPP's
official retention schedule contained in SOP ADM-03, Records and Archives.

13.0 QUALITY CONTROL:

13.1	The pH electrode is cleaned when the slope falls below 95% or is greater than
105%.

13.2	For quality control purposes, the required information is documented on the
appropriate forms (see 16.1).

14.0 NONCONFORMANCE AND CORRECTIVE ACTION:

14.1 The pH meter in order to pass calibration has to display a slope of 100% ± 5%, if
the pH meter does not display a slope of 100% ± 5% the first corrective action is
to change the standard pH buffers and recalibrate. The second step is to change
the 3M KC1 fill solution in the electrode or bring up to volume, then re-calibrate.
The final corrective action is to clean the electrode with the pH Electrode
Cleaning Solution (follow manufacturers instructions). Any corrective action
taken in-house is recorded under Notes on the Corning pH Meter Calibration


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 12 of 13

Record Form (see 16.1). If the pH meter is not functioning as required, consult the
technical manual to determine the problem and perform corrective action. Notify
media prep staff, and if the problem cannot be determined or corrected, call for
service.

15.0 REFERENCES:

15.1	Corning Electrodes Information sheet for pH combination 3-in-l electrodes.

15.2	Corning Labware & Equipment- Electrodes: How to Maintain the Premium
Performance of Your Corning Electrodes.

15.3	Instruction manual for Corning pH meter 430.

15.4	Instruction manual for Corning pH meter 530.

15.5	Corning Electrodes Information pamphlet for flat surface electrodes.
16.0 FORMS AND DATA SHEETS:

16.1 pH Meter Calibration Record Form.


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SOP No. EQ-01-06
Date Revised 10-18-11
Page 13 of 13

16.1

pH Meter Calibration Record Form
OPP Microbiology Laboratory

pH Meter #

Standard Buffer

Control Number

pH Buffer 4.0



pH Buffer 7.0



pH Buffer 10.0









Temperature
of

Calibration

Slope

(%)

Electrode
No.

Buffers Used for Calibration

Re-check
pH 7.0



Dale

Initials

pH 4.0

pH 7.0

pH 10.0

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