Environmental Finance Advisory Board
Backhaul Alaska Consultation

February 12, 2020

Overview

On February 12, 2020, the Environmental Finance Advisory Board (EFAB) will engage in a consultation
with EPA on financing options for the Backhaul Alaska program. Prior to this consultation, the EFAB
prepared an advisory report in 2019 on revenue options for a waste service backhaul program in rural
Alaska, called Backhaul Alaska. At the request of EPA Region 10, the EFAB has agreed to engage in
further discussions on financing and governance options for the Backhaul Alaska program. A
consultation is a form of advisory activity that provides oral advice and feedback from the EFAB
members at a public meeting.

Product

The product of the Backhaul Alaska consultation will be a summary of the consultation discussions.
During the consultation, EPA seeks recommendations for the Backhaul Alaska program in each of the
following areas: (1) Structure, (2) Organization and Administration, and (3) Finance and Sustainability.

Session Framework

During the Backhaul Alaska consultation session, EFAB members will be presented with a scenario and
then the board will be broken into small groups to discuss tailored questions for each topic area.

Scenario:

The Backhaul Alaska program will be fully functional in March of 2021 (one year from now). It is
estimated that operations will cost approximately $1,000,000 per year to backhaul materials initially. At
full capacity, the program will cost about $3,600,000 per year. There will be an estimated $500,000
available for startup costs which will be funded through government grants. For the purpose of this
scenario, assume there will be an estimated $500,000 available for startup costs, funded through
government grants. Also assume that the first two years need to be funded via grants. Past that, the
ongoing funds will be a combination of (1) Government Funding (federal, state, tribal, or local grants or
appropriations), (2) Other funding, such as income from other Backhaul Alaska services (including EPR
support1), donations, and/or foundation grants, and (3) Program fees, collected from villages for
backhauling services. For purposes of this exercise, assume the below source funding ratio:

40% government
50% other funding and
10% program fees

1 The Solid Waste Alaska Taskforce is pursuing a statewide Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) initiative that will legislate
electronic manufacturer support of e-waste recycling. If successful, funding supplementation could be significant.

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Unless EFAB recommends differently, the organization will be set up as a non-profit with a Board of
Directors with advisory committees for each stakeholder group. Administration would be centralized
with possible contracting/sub-awarding of all or some program functions.

Task:

EFAB members are tasked with helping Backhaul Alaska partners design an organization that maximizes
the usefulness of each of the funding sources, is run efficiently within known legal constraints, and
leverages the opportunities inherent in having a multi-stakeholder funded organization.

Process:

EFAB members will be divided into three groups to each discuss one of the consultation's three focus
areas, using a set of structured questions. Each EFAB member will be assigned to a section to work on
for the first 30 minutes. After the first 30 minutes, each group will report out then EFAB members will
rotate to another group. One EFAB member will stay to be the "history". There will be a total of three
rotations so that all members have an opportunity to consider questions in all three topic areas.

Group report outs will answer the following questions:

1.	What did you discuss?

2.	What questions did you not get to?

3.	What should the next rotation focus on first?

During the third and final group report out rotation, Groups will provide:

1.	Summary of what was discussed by the group with recommended next steps

2.	Recommendations for further information gathering.

3.	Key take-aways especially related to opportunities or obstacles.

Group 1: Structure

A.	Should Backhaul Alaska be organized as a not-for-profit or quasi-governmental authority (in the
latter case, with responsibilities delegated to it by the state)?

B.	How do the structure and governance of Backhaul Alaska expand or limit alternative models for
long-term sustainability?

C.	What not-for-profit (or hybrid) models might be appropriate for Backhaul Alaska and what
tradeoffs are involved?

D.	What are the advantages/disadvantages of different corporate forms in funding Backhaul
Alaska? E.G. quasi-governmental, special districts, for profit, etc.

E.	Should Backhaul Alaska be structured within or affiliated with an existing governmental or
nongovernmental organization in order to share capacities and improve effectiveness?

F.	What other key issues should be addressed in this area?

Group 2: Organization and Administration

A.	What technical and administrative capacities should Backhaul Alaska maintain internally, and
what functions might be contracted out?

B.	How would an oversight board for Backhaul Alaska be organized to ensure stakeholder
representation as well as organizational accountability?

C.	What external linkages will be critical for Backhaul Alaska and how can they be cultivated and
maintained overtime?

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D.	How would Backhaul Alaska communicate and interact with its stakeholders and constituents?

E.	How should Backhaul Alaska prioritize its work and what challenges and risks are likely to arise?

F.	How should Backhaul Alaska monitor and evaluate program performance?

G.	What other key issues should be addressed in this area?

Group 3: Finance and Sustainability

A.	How should capital expenses be funded by Backhaul Alaska, particularly startup expenses?

B.	How should operational expenses be funded by Backhaul Alaska?

C.	What combination of existing and innovative tax instruments, grants (governmental and
nongovernment), and fees should be used to support and sustain Backhaul Alaska, initially and
over time?

D.	How should fee assessments in support of Backhaul Alaska be structured given locational and
resource disparities among villages?

E.	Should Backhaul Alaska build an invested endowment fund in support of operations?

F.	Can financial incentives for industry (positive or negative) be built into the Backhaul Alaska
program?

G.	Can Backhaul Alaska transition from governmental support to be financially independent and
sustainable, and if so, how?

H.	What other key issues should be addressed in this area?

Desired Outcome

EFAB will provide financial and organizational advice to help ensure that the Backhaul Alaska

organization is both fiscally sound and resilient to financial and other challenges.

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Backhaul Alaska
Preliminary Cost Projections
for

Environmental Finance Advisory Board February 2020 Meeting

Comparison of Program Costs

Recycling, shipping

Administration Indirect

Number of villages

Per person backhaul costs

$ 51,107 $ 557,869

$ 101,868 $ 336,775

17

162

218 $

66

Note: Program operations include state and regional coordination, training,
outreach. Village investment includes supplies, labor, O&M

Dollar Investment per Village

Component



2020



2030

Administration

$

52,217

$

17,345

Recycling and Shipping

$

3,006

$

3,444

Investment

$

10,691

$

10,332

Note: At full program, the median village size is larger and more difficult
logistics (costlier) villages are added, so the recycle and shipping costs are
higher


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