Implementing the Pesticide Registration
Improvement Act - Fiscal Year 2013

Tenth Annual Report

March 1, 2014


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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

Pesticide Registration Service Fees

Acc	1 } • - ess in Meeting Decision Times

Number of Pf ' Hons Completed it

The EPA counts "decisions," rather than registration applications, and each application package
can require more than one decision. The number of decisions that have to be made within an
application depends on the number of product registrations and tolerance petitions in the
application. For instance, one conventional new non-food outdoor use application package
required five decisions, one for each product label being amended. One decision is designated as
a "primary" decision, while the others are "secondary" decisions within the application package
in the agency's tracking systems. Generally, each application categorized as a Fast Track, Non-
Fast Track New Product, identical/substantially similar new product, new product, Non-Fast
Track Amendment or label amendment submitted with data, contains a single product and is a
single decision.

EPA completed 2048 decisions subject to PRIA during FY' 13. In addition, 36 non-PRIA inert
clearances, which were submitted before inert clearances became a covered pesticide activity
under PRIA 3, were also completed during FY' 13 making the total number of completed
decisions equal to 2084. FY' 13 completions represent a 32% increase over the 1574 decisions
completed in FY' 12 and a 34% increase over the 1554 decisions completed in FY' 11. This
increase is attributed to the completion of 561 Gold Seal Letter decisions completed in FY' 13 - a
new PRIA 3 covered category. Among the FY' 13 completed decisions, 329 (16% of total) were
antimicrobial decisions, 111 (5%) biopesticides, 1039 (50%) conventional pesticide decisions, 43
(2%) inert clearances and 562 (27%) miscellaneous decisions. Table III titled "Number of PRIA
Actions Completed in FY 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013" summarizes the number of decisions
completed by PRIA category and compares the first year under PRIA 3 with the last three fiscal
years under PRIA 2.

An additional 138 applications were withdrawn - a slight increase from the number withdrawn in
FY' 12 (123 applications) but fewer than in FY' 10 and FY' 11.

FIFRA Section 33(f)(4)(B), "Initial Content and Preliminary Technical Screenings" first directs
the agency, not later than 21 days after receiving an application and the required registration
service fee, to conduct an initial screening of the contents of the application, and if the
application fails the content screen and cannot be corrected by the applicant within the 21 day
period, the agency is to reject the application. During FY' 13 six applications were
rejected/withdrawn for significant "content" deficiencies. In FY' 12, FY 11, and FY' 10, four,
eight and four applications, respectively, were rejected/withdrawn as a result of the 21-day
content screen, generally for missing data or incomplete forms.

Second, the Preliminary Technical Screen directs the agency to screen the application to
determine if the data are accurate, complete and consistent with the proposed labeling and/or
tolerance. The technical screen is to be completed not later than 45/90 days after the PRIA start
date, and if the application fails the technical screen and cannot be corrected within 10 business
days, the agency is to reject the application. During FY' 13, Preliminary Technical Screens were
completed for 1,152 PRIA 3 submissions. 110 10-day deficiency letters were sent out resulting

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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

in 22 applications being rejected or withdrawn. Twelve conventional chemical applications were
withdrawn and five applications were formally rejected. Rebuttals were entertained for the five
conventional chemical packages that were rejected which led to multiple phone conversations and
meetings with the registrants; however, none of the rejections were overturned. Three antimicrobial
packages were rejected and two were withdrawn.

Reasons for applications being rejected or withdrawn as a result of the Preliminary Technical
Screen include:

-	Not substantially similar;

Lack of efficacy data to support a public health claim;

Efficacy data tested above nominal concentration;

Efficacy testing cited was inadequate;

Inadequate rationale for changing signal word;

Unacceptable bridging arguments;

-	New product with multiple AIs where acute tox data were submitted on
individual AIs and not on mixture;

-	New AI rejected for the following deficiencies: hydrolysis data submitted not
adequate, independent lab validation for aquatic field dissipation studies not
submitted, mysid chronic tox study not submitted, fish early-life stage study
not submitted, multi-residue methods study not submitted (registrant stated
that the study was still ongoing at time of submission), product specific
description of the production process not submitted;

-	New AI withdrawn for the following deficiencies: photodegradation in soil,
aerobic aquatic metabolism, anaerobic aquatic metabolism, freshwater
invertebrate life-cycle, freshwater fish early life-stage, vascular aquatic plant,
estuarine/marine invertebrate acute, estuarine/marine fish, terrestrial field
dissipation, environmental chemistry method & independent lab validation.

Rejected applications are not counted as completed decisions.



Number Completed in Fiscal Year

Number Withdrawn in Fiscal Year

Type of Pesticide

2010

2011

2012

2013

2010

2011

2012

2013

Conventional

1069

1074

1068

1039

145

121

95

87

Antimicrobial

310

346

333

329

28

24

18

43

Biopesticide

138

134

173

111

16

20

10

8

Inert







43







0

Miscellaneous







562







0

Total

1517

1554

1574

2084

189

165

123

138

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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

The EPA completed 98.8 percent of all decisions on or before their original or extended PRIA
due date. In FY' 13, 25 decisions (out of 2084 completed decisions) missed their statutory due
date. Decisions were delayed due to mandatory furloughs, budget cuts and the need for
additional time to resolve risk issues to ensure adequate protection of human health and the
environment.

:isi ' les

The average decision time for each PRIA category, shown in Table III, is the number of days it
took the agency to complete a decision once the application was received and payment was made
or a fee waiver or an exemption was granted. The mandated time frame or decision review time-
period changed from one fiscal year to another as prescribed by statute and depends on the fiscal
year in which an application was received. Meaningful comparisons in average decision times
can only be made for those fee categories with a large number of completed decisions. In
comparison to FY' 11, average decision review times in FY' 13 decreased for antimicrobial
amendment submissions, for some biopesticide new product submissions, and for some
conventional new additional uses, new products and amendment submissions. Average decision
review times increased for antimicrobial new uses, efficacy and some new product submissions,
for biopesticide new active ingredients, some new product and some amendment submissions and
some types of conventional new active ingredients, some new food use, and some new product
submissions.

Due Date Extensions (Negotiated Due Dates)

Among the FY'13 completions, we extended due dates for 313 decisions (15%) by mutual
agreement with the applicant. The percentage of decisions completed with due date extensions
decreased significantly in FY' 13 from FY' 12 (25%). This percentage decrease is primarily due
to the addition of Gold Seal Letters as a new PRIA 3 category which accounted for 561
completed decisions without a single renegotiated due date. Extensions generally were needed
because of missing or deficient data or information and risk issues. In FY' 13 we extended due
dates for 22.2%, 30.6%, and 19.7% of completed antimicrobial, biopesticide, and conventional
decisions respectively, while in FY' 12, the percentages we extended were 25.8%, 42.8% and
22% respectively. [Note that the aggregate percentage of completions with renegotiated due
dates for FY' 13 reported above (15%) is less than that reported for each individual division due
to the fact that the aggregate percentage also includes the new PRIA 3 Inerts and Miscellaneous
categories which are not division-specific.]

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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

Number of Completed Decisions with Due Date Extension Compared to Total Completed



FY 2010

FY 2011

FY 2012

FY 2013

Fee Category

Number
due date
extensions

Total

Number
due date
extensions

Total

Number
due date
extensions

Total

Number
due date
extensions

Total

Antimicrobial (A)

108

310

85

346

86

333

73

329

Biopesticide (B)

85

138

48

134

74

173

34

111

Conventional (R)

277

1069

236

1074

235

1068

205

1039

Inerts

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

43

Miscellaneous

-

-

-

-

-

-

0

562

Total Decisions

470

1517

369

1554

395

1574

313

2084

As discussed previously, an active ingredient or a new use application package can include a
number of decisions to account for the number of registrations and tolerances requested for the
new active ingredient or new use. All of the decisions associated with these applications are
linked to one decision that has been designated as the "primary" decision with the rest termed
"secondary" decisions. A new product or amendment application package will have only one
decision in the agency's tracking system; however, some new product and amendment
applications are dependent upon the data submitted with another application, the primary
decision, as described in the primary/secondary guidance. If there are data issues, the due dates
for both the primary and all of its secondary decisions will be extended. Consequently, an
analysis of due date extensions using decisions can only indicate trends from one fiscal year to
another. To conduct a more detailed analysis, the agency focused on primary decisions.

Number of Completed Primary Decisions with Due Date Extension Compared to Total Completed



FY 2010

FY 2011

FY 2012

FY 2013

Fee Category

Due Date
Extensions

Total

Due Date
Extensions

Total

Due Date
Extensions

Total

Due Date
Extensions

Total

Antimicrobial (A)

89

268

70

292

71

304

64

285

Biopesticide (B)

62

108

31

112

43

136

16

88

Conventional (R)

156

811

153

880

127

800

109

797

Inerts













1

43

Miscellaneous













0

562

Total Decisions

307

1187

254

1284

241

1240

190

1775

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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

If only primary decisions are considered, 10.7% had due date extensions in FY' 13 according to
the agency's tracking systems, a decrease from the 19% in FY' 12. Of the primary decisions, due
dates for 22.4% of antimicrobial, 18.2% of Biopesticide and 13.7% of conventional primary
decisions were extended, in comparison to 23%, 32% and 16% respectively in FY' 12.

The following general types of decisions involved due date extensions in FY' 10 - FY' 13:

Number of Decisions with Due Date Extensions by Type of Decision (All Decisions)

Fiscal
Year

New
Active
Ingredient

New
Uses

New
Products

Amendments Inerts

Misc

Other

(EUP,
tolerances,
protocols,
etc.)

Total with
Due Date
Extensions

2010

73

104

181

78

-

34

470

2011

21

111

154

64

-

19

369

2012

113

86

119

56

-

21

395

2013

40

103

92

49 1

0

28

313

In FY' 13 66.7% of completed new active ingredient decisions required due date extensions;
40.4% of completed new use decisions required due date extensions; 13.4% of completed new
product decisions required due date extensions; 12.6% of completed amendment decisions
required due date extensions; 2% of completed inert decisions and 34.7% of completed other
(EUP, tolerance, protocol review, cancer reassessment) decisions required due date extensions.

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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

When only primary decisions are considered, the breakdown of decision types looks like this:

Number of Primary Decisions with Due Date Extensions by Type of Primary Decision

Fiscal
Year

New
Active
Ingredient

New
Uses

New
Products

Amendments Inerts

Misc

Other (EUP,
tolerances,
protocols,
etc.)

Total with
Due Date
Extensions

2010

20

37

170

53

-

27

307

2011

11

39

142

45

-

17

254

2012

36

30

115

43

-

17

241

2013

18

35

77

37 1

0

22

190

In FY' 13 69% of completed, new active ingredient, primary decisions required due date
extensions; 39% of completed, new use, primary decisions required due date extensions; 11.7%
of completed, new product, primary decisions required due date extensions; 11.5% of
completed, amendment, primary decisions required due date extensions; 2% of completed, inert,
primary decisions and 28.6% of completed, other (EUP, tolerance, protocol review, cancer
reassessment), primary decisions required due date extensions.

Antimicrobials

Comparison of Number of Primary Decisions with Due Date Extensions versus Total Number of Primary

Decisions - Antimicrobials

Fiscal Year

FY 2010

FY 2011

FY 2012

FY 2013

Type

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number
with
Extensions

Total

New Active
Ingredient





1

3

3

4

4

4

New Uses

7

21

2

6

2

8

6

14

New Products

55

149

47

162

46

200

35

173

Amendments

19

90

15

106

11

81

11

80

Other (tolerances,
EUP protocols, etc.)

8

8

5

15

9

11

8

14

Total with
Extensions

89

268

70

292

71

304

64

285

In FY' 13 the percentage of antimicrobial primary decisions with a due date extension (22.4%)
was down slightly from FY' 12 (23.4%).

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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

Biopesticides

Comparison of Number of Primary Decisions with Due Date Extensions versus Total Number of

Primary Decisions - Biopesticides

Fiscal Year

FY 2010

FY 2011

FY 2012

FY 2013

Type

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number
with
Extensions

Total

New Active
Ingredient

13

19

8

10

22

28

8

13

New Uses





5

7

2

2

0

0

New Products

36

65

11

48

14

65

6

41

Amendments

11

20

4

32

3

21

0

20

Other (tolerances,
EUP,protocols, etc.)

2

4

3

15

2

20

2

14

Total with Due Date
Extensions

62

108

31

112

43

136

16

88

In FY' 13 the percentage of biopesticide primary decisions with a due date extension (18.2%)
was down from FY' 12 (31.6%).

Conventional

Comparison of Number of Primary Decisions with Due Date Extensions versus Total Number of Primary

Decisions - Conventional Pesticides

Fiscal Year

FY 2010

FY 2011

FY 2012

FY 2013

Type

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number
with
Extensions

Total

Number with
Extensions

Total

New Active Ingredient

7

7

2

4

11

12

6

9

New Uses

30

70

32

60

26

69

29

75

New Products

79

492

84

524

55

449

36

443

Amendments

23

195

26

235

29

236

26

221

Other (EUP, tolerances,
protocols, etc.)

17

47

9

57

6

34

12

49

Total with Due Date
Extensions

156

811

153

880

127

800

109

797

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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

In FY' 13 the percentage of conventional primary decisions with a due date extension (13.7%)
was down slightly from FY' 12 (15.9%).

The percentage of due date extensions for conventional primary decisions between FY' 10 and
FY' 13 consistently decreased a small amount each year from 19.2% in FY' 10 to 13.7% in
FY'13.

Note: Appendix A lists all applications subject to PRIA completed during FY' 13_with the
decision time for each decision.

Pub iicipation Process

Federal pesticide law includes only limited requirements for public participation in the pesticide
registration process. In response to the President's directive on transparency and open
government, the EPA explored opportunities for expanding the openness of the process, and in
October 2009, began implementing a public participation process for certain registration actions.

This process increased the public's opportunities to comment on risk assessments and proposed
registration actions. Both the EPA and the public benefit from a public participation process
because the public can aid in understanding potential risks and benefits, contribute to meaningful
protective measures, and improve the public dialogue on pesticide registration decisions. The
public participation process is used for the following types of applications:

•	new active ingredients,

•	first food use,

•	first outdoor use,

•	first residential use, and

•	other actions of significant interest.

In FY' 13 the agency issued 24 PRIA actions for public comment, of those, 3 were antimicrobial
pesticides, 12 were biopesticides, and 9 were conventional chemicals. For additional
information, please see http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reguiating/registration-pubiic-
involvement, html.

.Antimicrobial Tii limes

Section 33(k)(2)(E) directs the EPA to review its progress in meeting the timeline requirements
for the review of antimicrobial pesticide products under section 3(h). The timeline requirement
under section 3(h) for substantially similar or identical products is 90 days. Under PRIA 3,
antimicrobial substantially similar or identical products fall under one of three fee categories,
A530, A531 and A532. PRIA 3 time frames were 4 months for an A530 and an A531 and 5
months for an A532. Of the 64 decisions in fee category A530 completed in FY' 13, 20 (31%)
were completed within 90 days and 40 (63%) were completed within the four month PRIA time
frame, and 4 (6%) met their extended (renegotiated) due dates. In comparison, of the 89

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Implementing the Pesticide Registration Improvement Act — Fiscal Year 2013

decisions in fee category A530 completed in FY' 12, 55 (62%) were completed within 90 days,
and 77 (87%) were completed within the PRIA time frame. Of the 31 other substantially similar
or identical products in fee categories A531 and A532, 27 were completed within their PRIA
time frames, and the remaining 4 met their extended (renegotiated) due dates.

For other new product decisions in fee categories A540, and A550, the section 3(h) time frame is
180 days with a goal of reducing the review time to 120 days. Of the 82 FY' 13 decisions in
these fee categories, all met their PRIA due dates or extended due dates. Of those, 18 (22%)
were completed within 120 days, and 30 (31%) were completed within 180 days. In FY' 12, the
percentages completed within 120 days and 180 days were 45% and 67% respectively.

iicide Incident Data System

Section 33(k)(2)(I) requires the EPA to report on the progress in updating the Incident Data
System and making the data available to the public. To date the EPA has made improvements in
the electronic recording of incident data received through FIFRA 6(a)(2) data as well as from
consumer reporting. The 6(a)(2) data have been migrated into a new system that enables EPA
staff to query the database in the manner most relevant to their needs, such as: by location of the
incident, by active ingredient, by product name, by registration number, etc. In addition,
ecological and pet reporting portals were established through the EPA's cooperative agreement
with the National Pesticide Information Center at Oregon State University. Other portals were
established specifically for the reporting of bee kills. These portals bolster our data system by
collecting detailed information from such sources as states, veterinarians, bee keepers and
wildlife rehabilitation facilities. Increasing the availability of incident data to the public is part of
a longer-term, ongoing EPA initiative. EPA provides incident information to other federal
agencies, states and EPA regions on a regular basis and provides information to public inquiries
through the FOIA process.

Sources of Pesticide Usage Data

Section 33(k)(2)(J) requires the EPA to summarize the sources of publicly available pesticide
usage data.

FEDERAL SOURCES

USDA Pesticide Usage Data Sources http://www.nass.usda. gov/About NAS S/index.asp

USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS):_NASS conducts farmer surveys to collect
pesticide-usage data on major field (e.g., corn, cotton, and soybean), vegetable, and fruit crops in states
that account for the bulk of production of these crops. These data are collected based on surveys and
updated at various frequencies determined by USDA.

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Census of Agriculture:_NASS also produces the USDA Census of Agriculture, which consists of
uniform, comprehensive data on agricultural production and operator characteristics in each county and
state, as well as the U.S. as a whole.

Crop Profiles: USDA produces Crop Profiles that provide information in narrative format about crop
production, cultural practices, and pesticide usage. Each Crop Profile describes how a commodity is
produced, with emphasis on critical pest management needs - including the role of pesticides in integrated
pest management (IPM) and resistance management programs.

USGS - http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pnsp/usage/maps/: USGS provides pesticide-use maps showing the
geographic distribution of estimated use on agricultural land in the conterminous United States for
numerous pesticides.

STATE SOURCES

California Department of Pesticide Regulation http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/label/labelque.htm:
California Department of Pesticide Regulation collects usage information by conducting a pesticide-usage
census in the state. Data collection is annual for all agricultural uses and offers site-specific information.

New Jersey - http ://www .pestmanagement. rutgers. edu/ni inpas/pesticide surveys .htm: Through
collaboration with Rutgers University, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Pesticide
Control Program (NIDEP) collects pesticide use information from private applicators in New Jersey.
These surveys arc conducted every three years.

New York - http://ai.psur.comell.edu/: In collaboration with Cornell University, the State of New York
collects Pesticide Use data from commercial applicators, who arc required to report each pesticide
application, at least annually.

Oregon - http://www.oregon.gov/ODA/PEST/Pages/purs index.aspx#Annual reports: Due to state
budget constraints, Oregon discontinued its pesticide use surveys. However, pesticide usage statistics
from 2006-2008 are available on the website.

PROPRIETARY SOURCES

GfK Kynetec - http://www.gfk.com/Pages/default.aspx: GfK Kynetec is a primary source of proprietary
data for agricultural crops. The data are widely used by government entities as well as industry. These
data are collected for a large range of row, vegetable, and fruit crops in the continental U.S. and include
insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, nematicides, and growth regulators used by producers. Data are
collected annually.

SIGMA- http://www.gfk.com/imperia/md/content/gfkkvnetec/gfk kynetec sigma final 12-3-09.pdf:
SIGMA, a subsidiary of GfK Kynetec, is the primary source for international pesticide usage data for

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fruits and vegetables. SIGMA provides an annual global study that quantifies the pesticide usage crop-by-
crop and by target pest in more than 65 countries.

Kline and Company - http: //www Mine group. com/: Kline usage data provides non-agricultural pesticide
data profiles of home/garden and professional usage by class/market segment and chemical. Reports
cover professional pesticides and fertilizers in the turf and ornamental markets.

Number of PF plications Penc 1 ,

Table IV summarizes the pending registration applications (counted as decisions) in each of the
PRIA categories as required by FIFRA Section 33(k)(2)(v). As of September 30, 2013, 1102
decisions subject to PRIA were pending in the agency's registration queue. Numbers pending at
the end of FY' 12, FY' 11 and FY' 10 are shown for comparison and were, 1143, 1217, and
1151,respectively.

The number of antimicrobial decisions pending (136) was lower than at the end of FY' 12,
FY'11 and FY 2010 (184, 191 and 201 respectively).

The pending number of biopesticide decisions at the end of FY' 13 (135) was greater than that at
the end of FY'12 (110).

Among conventional pesticide decisions, the number pending at the end of FY'13 (794) was less
than at the end of FY' 12 (849) and FY' 11(875).

The number of PRIA inert decisions pending at the end of FY' 13 was 22.

The number of miscellaneous decisions pending at the end of FY' 13 was 15.

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